初中英语时态知识点总结

时间:2024-11-17 03:38:02 作者:点烟抽文字 其他教学资源 收藏本文 下载本文

【导语】“点烟抽文字”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了20篇初中英语时态知识点总结,下面是小编为大家整理后的初中英语时态知识点总结,仅供参考,欢迎大家阅读,希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。

篇1:初中英语时态知识点总结

01、一般现在时

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

02、一般过去时

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.

基本结构:①be动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

03、现在进行时

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

基本结构:am/is/are+doing

否定形式:am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

04、过去进行时

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构:was/were+doing

否定形式:was/were + not + doing.

一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

05、现在完成时

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。

时间状语:recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.

基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +d one.

一般疑问句:have或has。

06、过去完成时

概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

基本结构:had + done.

否定形式:had + not + done.

一般疑问句:had放于句首。

07、一般将来时

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.

基本结构:①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

否定形式:①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首。

08、过去将来时

概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

时间状语:

the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.

否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should 提到句首。

篇2:初中英语时态知识点总结

一.动词be(is,am,are)的用法

我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。

二.this,that和it用法

(1)this和that是指示代词,it是人称代词。

(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this, 距离说话人远的人或物用that。如:

This is a flower. 这是一朵花。(近处)

That is a tree. 那是一棵树。(远处)

(3)放在一起的两样东西,先说this, 后说that。如:

This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。

(4)向别人介绍某人时说This is…, 不说That is…。如:

This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦,海伦,这是汤姆。

(5)This is 不能缩写, 而That is可以缩写。如:

This is a bike. That’s a car. 这是一辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。

(6)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:

—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?

—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?

注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am…, Are you…?/Who are you?

(7)在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时, 要用it代替this或that。如:

①—Is this a notebook? 这是笔记本吗?

—Yes, it is. 是的,它是。

②—What’s that? 那是什么?

—It’s a kite. 是只风筝。

三.these和those用法

this, that, these和those是指示代词,these是this的复数形式,指时间,距离较近的或下面要提到的人或事;those是that的复数形式,指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。

①This is my bed. That is Lily’s bed. 这是我的床。那是莉莉的床。

②These pictures are good. 那些画很好。

③ Are those apple trees? 那些是苹果树吗?

在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时,通常用they代替these或those以避免重复。如:

④Are these/those your apples? 这些(那些)是你的苹果吗?

Yes, they are. 是的,他们是。

四.不定冠词a和an

a和an都是不定冠词,表示一(个,支,本,块……)的意思,但不强调数量概念,而是强调类别,用来限定名词。a用在辅音素开头的单数名词前,如:a pencil(一支铅笔),a book(一本书);an用在元音音素开头的名词前,如an eraser(一块橡皮)。如果名词前有修饰语,用a还是用an,则以该修饰语的第一音素决定用a还是用an。如:

a clock 一座钟 an old clock 一座旧钟 a book 一本书 an English book 一本英语书

a nice apple 一个可爱的苹果 an apple 一个苹果

五.名词+’s所有格

名词+’s所有格

单数名词后直接加 “ ’s ”

Jim’s coat 吉姆的外套 Jeff’s mother杰夫的妈妈

以s结尾的复数名词,只加“’”

Teachers’ Day教师节 the twins’ books双胞胎的书

不以s结尾的不规则的名词复数,加“ ’s ”

Children’s Day 儿童节 men’s shoes男式鞋

表示两者共同拥有时,只在最后一个名词后加’s

表示两者各自拥有时,要在每个名词后加’s

Lucy and Lily’s mother 露茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈,一个妈妈)

Lucy’s and Kate’s rooms 露茜和凯特的房间(各自的房间,两间房子)

六.There be句型

(1)There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。下面这首歌诀可帮你巧记there be句型结构:

There be放句首,主语跟在后。地、时放句末,强调置前头。如:

There is a book on the desk.

有时为了强调地点,也可把介词短语放在句首。如:

On the desk there is a book.

(2)There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:

Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:

①There is a tree behind the house.

②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).

③There are some pears in the box.

(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:

①There is a book and some pens on the floor.

②There are some pens and a book on the floor.

七.like一词的用法

like用作及物动词,译为“喜欢”。

(1)后接名词或代词,表示喜欢某人或某物。如:

I like the baby very much. 我非常喜欢这个小孩。

(2)后接动名词(v. -ing),表示“喜欢做某事”,着重于习惯、爱好。如:

Tom likes playing football. 汤姆喜欢踢足球。

(3)后接动词不定式(to do ),表示“偶尔地喜欢做某事”,着重于某次具体的行为。如:

I like reading, but I like to watch TV this evening. 我喜欢读书,但我今晚想看电视。

八.一般现在时

一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作,或表示现在的特征、状态。当主语是非第三人称单数时,行为动词的一般现在时变化形式(见下表)。如:

肯定句

主语+行为动词原形+其他

We speak Chinese.

否定句

主语+don’t+行为动词原形+其他

We don’t speak Chinese.

一般疑问句

Do+主语+行为动词原形+其他?

Do you speak Chinese?

肯定回答

Yes,主语+do

否定回答

No,主语+don’t

当主语是第三人称单数时,行为动词一般现在时的句型变化如下:

(1)肯定句在行为动词原形后+s/es(其构成方法与名词单数变复数相同)。

(2)否定句用助动词doesn’t+动词原形。

(3)一般疑问句则是把助动词does放在句首,后面动词用原形,回答时,肯定用“Yes,主语+does.”;否定用“No,主语+doesn’t.”。

肯定句

主语+行为动词s/es+其他

She speaks Chinese.

否定句

主语+doesn’t+行为动词原形+其他

She doesn’t speak Chinese.

一般疑问句

Does+主语+行为动词原形+其他?

Does she speak Chinese?

肯定回答

Yes,主语+does

否定回答

No,主语+doesn’t

九.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。如:

She is a girl. →They are girls.

(2)am,is要变为are。如:

I’m a student. →We are students.

(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:

He is a boy. →They are boys.

(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:

It is an apple. →They are apples.

(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:

This is a box. →These are boxes.

十.英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开。如:August 2nd,2003(8月2日)。也可以用日+月+年来表示。如:10th May,2003(205月10日)英语日期前介词的使用:若指在哪一年或哪一月,则用介词in,若具体到某一天,则需用介词on。

①She was born in 1989

②She was born in August.

③She was born in August 1989.

篇3:初中英语时态知识点总结

④She was born on 2nd August, 1989.

学好初中英语语法的注意事项

2.句子结构分析是学习英语语法的一个极其重要环节,通过句子结构分析不仅能加深对语法知识的理解、运用,而且能有效提高阅读理解能力和写作能力。学生的考试成绩是好是坏归根到底取决于学生“能力”的高低。这里所谓的“能力”,表面上体现为“听、说、读、写、译”的能力,而这些能力,尤其是“读、写、译”的能力,与句子结构分析能力有着密切关系。

3.对基本语法即简单句的五种基本类型必须烂熟于心,熟练运用,因为所有的长、难句都是基于这五个类型展开的。

4.对复合句的三大基本类型之定语从句和名词性从句要做形式多样的造句练习,填关系词及连接词练习,单句改错练习,同异句比较练习及长难句分析练习,一定要在高一把基础打扎实。

5.线话英语的王老师说:“学习语法一定要认真听取老师在课堂上的分析与讲解,归纳与总结,切忌把学习英语的大部分时间耗在啃语法书,做单选题上,这样做对提高英语收效甚微。”

6.建立一个错题库,从高一起就把自己在练习、考试中做错的,或是蒙对的题进行整理,分析在错题集上,并经常温故而知新。这样三年下来就是一本不可或缺的,为自己量身定做的宝典,并为自己的后续学习打下基础。

7.把学习语法与单词记忆相结合。只是死记硬背许多单词,既感觉学习英语枯燥,又无多大实际意义,同样如果只是多学习语法,遇到许多单词不知其意,也不会理解语法,而且英语语法中许多特殊用法必须结合单词去运用和练习,才能真正掌握语法。故应把二者结合起来一起学习,在学习语法中练习记单词,背单词时学习语法。另外还可多读些英语文章,同时学习单词和语法。

8.此外,英语学习离不开大量的记忆。每日背3--5句课文中的美文佳句;每个单元后的Learning Tip或 Reading for fun都是很好的记诵材料。

9.及时复习,巩固知识。学了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,学习语言也不例外。因此不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心,即使今天记住的单词明天遗忘也属正常现象。问题在于如何减少遗忘的程度?善于类比,总结知识,把所学的知识与过去学的有关知识进行横向和纵向的比较和联系。

学习英语语法的目的

要回答这个问题,先简要讨论一下要不要学习英语语法的问题。这个问题,答案也许是很清楚的。主张英语语法可以不学的人往往这样说:我们中国人,如果智力正常,从小就会说汉语,能遣词造句,没见过哪个小孩先学语法再学话的。再说,英语讲得多了,有了语感,语法还不是水到渠成的事。

这种实践出真知的说法,绝对是正确的。但我仍主张学一点英语语法。本人没受过很好的教育,更不懂高深的语言学习理论,但一直有这样的看法:在我们中国,百年都没有营造出正常情况下用正式英语交际的大氛围和小氛围,所以难以在投入产出比符合经济效益的前提下培养出一定的英语语感。语法,实际上就是给你语言整体上的语感(规则),既给你能解释语言现象的鱼,又教你如何用语感去钓语言深层的鱼。何乐而不为呢?说到这,学习英语语法的目的也就清清楚楚了:弥补氛围难以在短期内培养一定语感的缺憾,比较经济地获得英语整体的语感。当然,也为通过我们这个考试大国的众多英语测试提供初级“抱佛脚”的方法。

学习英语语法的范围

学习英语语法的范围,指的是学习英语语法需掌握的内容程度。既然我们学习英语语法的目的那么简单实际,到啥山唱啥歌吧。范围不必很大,也就是说面不宜太宽,点也不宜研究太深,毕竟需要用英语说之乎者也的人不多。另外,我认为通过学习英语语法,求得对英语的整体感觉非常重要。有了整体感,可以揭开英语的神秘面纱,知道了对手的模样,就知己知彼了;有了整体感,对语言就有了“君临天下”之气,加之不懈的积累,从掌握语法的必然王国,进而出入语言的自由王国。出于这种考虑,这个讲义编得非常简单,有些方面甚至还不如高中所学的内容,但实用语法的基本脉络比较清晰。

学好初中英语语法的方法

一、练好基本句型

我国近年来的英语教学实践证明:在初学阶段,采用听说领先、学习基本句型的方法去学习英语语法,是行之有效的。

句型学习是通过听说领先的方法去学习传统语法里最常用的语法项目(把它们变为句型去操练)。句型训练实际上吸取了传统语法与结构语法两派的长处。所学的句型应该是由浅入深,由简到繁;讲求熟练掌握,不要贪多冒进。每学一个项目,首先要把单项练习练熟,然后过渡到综合练习,最后则应做到扩大运用。

以定语从句这一项为例。把“I read a novel yesterday.和”It was extremely Interesting.“这两个单句改为”The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting.“这就是定语从句的单项练习。首先要反复进行替换练习。如把”I saw a man this morning.“和”The man is my teacher.“改为”The man I saw this morning is my teacher.“把”I saw a film last night.“和”The film was very amusing.“改为”The film I saw last night was very amusing.“这种练习虽然是枯燥的,却是重要的基本功,务求把定语从句练到脱口而出的地步。这是第一步。

第二步是把定语从句放在一定的语言情景中去综合运用,进行一问一答。如:

A:Did you enjoy the opera?

B:Which opera?

A:The one we saw last night,of course.

B:Yes,very much.

第三步是扩大运用,也就是把定语从句和以前学过的两三个项目放在一起去操练。

A:Do you know who Edgar Snow was?(一般问句;名词从句)

B:Yes,he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing.(定语从句)

A:Oh,now I remember.He was the author who wrote”Red Star Over China“,wasn't he?(定语从句;反意疑问句)

B:Exactly.

这种回答不但练了定语从句,而且复习了一般问句和反意问句,也给名词从句的学习打了”埋伏“。进行句型操练,既需要”滚雪球“(复习已学的项目),也需要”打埋伏“(预先练一下将来要学习的项目)。

在句型学习阶段必须注意:在听、说领先的前提下,写、读要跟上,力求听、说、写、读四会均衡发展。因此,时间上要作出合理的安排。早上通常可安排为朗读时间。如果能每日坚持下去,收效一定很大。

二、结合课文去学

吕叔湘先生说过:”与其多读语法书,不如多读文章。“又说:”词语要嵌在上下文里才有生命,才容易记住,才知道用法。“(引自《中国人学英语》)课文是学习英语的”重要基地“。课文里有语音、词汇项目,也有各类语法项目。它们有机地结合在课文里。课文中出现的语法项目,是有血有肉的,不是干巴巴的。通过课文去学语法,可以学得活,记得牢,这比孤零零地背诵语法条目要有效得多。因此,在句型学习结束后,宜结合课文去学语法,要围绕课文中出现的主要语法项目,循序渐进地学习比较系统的语法知识。

哪些项目是课文里的主要语法项目?通常教科书的编者都明确指出了每一课的主要语法项目。要弄清这些项目的基本概念,掌握它们的公式与用途,尤其要认真地做好有关练习。

三、对比英语和本族语的语法

英语和汉语属于不同的语系,二者的语法区别很大。英语学习中出现的许多错误,往往是由于汉语语法习惯在自学者的头脑中已经根深蒂固,对英语语法的学习产生了种种干扰。要排除这种干扰,最好的方法是经常对比英语与汉语语法的异同。现举数例:

人家问你:”Haven't you read this book?“(你没有读过这本书吗?)如果回答是否定的,依照汉语的习惯,回答通常是:”是的,我没有读过。“但说英语时,你就得说:” No,I haven't.“

汉语说”一万“,英语却说”十个千(ten thousand)“;汉语说”两亿“,英语则说:”二百个百万(two hundred million)“。两种语言关于数目的表达是大不相同的。

英语说:”She is too tired to run on.“译成汉语却说:”她太累了,不能再跑了。“这中间要加上”不能“这个否定词。

我们只有掌握了这些区别,才有可能把语法学到手。可见在语法学习中,自觉地运用语法是很重要的。

四、进行大量的语言实践

英语语法学得好不好,主要不是看你读了多少语法书,记了多少条语法规则,而是要看你在实践中能否正确掌握所学的这些语法规则——能听懂,说得好,写得好,理解得好,译得准确。要达到这个地步,除了在必要的语法理论指导下进行大量的语言实践以外,是没有什么速成的办法的。

我们常听到学习的人抱怨说:”这个项目一讲就懂,一用就错。“这句话说明一般的语法理论知识并不难懂,但就是难用。要掌握好一个语法项目,就得靠多听、多说、多写、多读、多译,也就是做反复的、大量的、多样化的练习。

篇4:初中英语必考时态知识点总结

过去将来时

1. 概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2. 时间状语:the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc.

3. 基本结构:①was/were/going to + do;②would + do.

否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would + not + do.

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would 提到句首。

4. 用法

1) “would+动词原形”常表示主观意愿的将来。例如:

He said he would come to see me.

他说他要来看我。

He told me he would go to Beijing.

他告诉我他将去北京。

2) “was/ were+going to+动词原形”常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:

She said she was going to start off at once.

她说她将立即出发。

I was told that he was going to return home.

有人告诉我他准备回家。

此结构还可表示根据某种迹象来看,很可能或即将发生的事情。例如:

It seemed as if it was going to rain.

看来好像要下雨。

3) come, go, leave, arrive, start等瞬时动词动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。例如:

He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.

他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。

She told me she was coming to see me.

她告诉我她要来看我。

现在完成时

1. 概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作或状态。

2. 时间状语:recently, lately, since, for, in the past few years, etc.

3. 基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +done.

一般疑问句:have或has。

4. since的三种用法

1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。

例如:I have been here since 1989. 1989起,我一直在这儿。

2) since +一段时间+ ago。

例如:I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。

3) since +从句(一般过去时)。

例如:Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后,变化可大了。

比较since和for

since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

例如:I have lived here for more than twenty years.我住在这儿二十多年了。

注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years. (我现在已不在这里工作。)

过去完成时

1. 概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2. 时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc.

3. 基本结构:had + done.

否定形式:had + not + done.

一般疑问句:had放于句首。

4. 用法

1) 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句种。

例如:She said (that)she had never been to Paris. 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

2) 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。

例如:When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。

3) 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,

suppose等,用过去完成时表示”原本…,未能…“。

例如:We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。

注意: had hardly… when... 刚......就......。

例如:I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me. 我刚打开门,他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。

例如:He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。

篇5:初中英语必考时态知识点总结

1. The sun ________ in the east.

A. is always rising B. always is rising C. rises always D. always rises

2. He often ________ his clothes on Sundays.

A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash

3. I’m Japanese. Where ________ from?

A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming

4. A mother who ________ her son will do everything for his happiness.

A. is loving B. loves C. loved D. has loved

5. ________ at a higher temperature than water?

A. Has milk boiled B. Is milk boiling C. Does milk boil D. Was milk boiling

6. He signed to us with his hand, “The lesson is over. You ________.”

A. dismissed B. are dismissed C. have dismissed D. were dismissed

7. I haven’t met him for ages, but his mother ________ him sometimes.

A. had still seen B. still sees C. has still seen D. still saw

8. We will start as soon as our team leader________ .

A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming

9. I think Jack ________ the answer.

A. has known B. does know C. is knowing D. knows

10. My father ________ George quite well; they were introduced at a party.

A. is knowing B. was knowing C. knows D. had been knowing

11. Where ________ ?

A. Mary works B. works Mary C. does Mary works D. does Mary work

12. I think this question ________ to answer.

A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. Both A and B

13. ________ oil or butter when you cook it ?

A. Do you use B. Did you use C. Were you using D. Have you used

14. I ________ some newspaper at seven yesterday evening.

A. am reading B. read C. was reading D. will read

15. Now he ________ a book about New York. I don’t think he will finish it.

A. writes B. wrote C. has written D. is writing

16. Zhang Hua does a lot of housework every evening, but now he ________ his schoolmates with their lessons.

A. help B. is helping C. helps D. has helped

17. Mother washes the girl’s hair. Look, she ________ .

A. is washing it now B. washes it

C. is washing them now D. washes them now

18. He usually listens to the radio, but at the present moment he ________ television.

A. watches B. is watching C. has watched D. had watched

19. How long ago ________ playing with soldiers?

A. have you stopped B. had you stopped C. did you stop D. do you stop

20. Look at John! What _______ ?

A. does he B. he is doing C. is he doing D. does he do

21. It ________ hard when I left my house.

A. is raining B. rains C. was raining D. will rain

22.The railway ________ in three years.

A. is complete B. will completed C. has completed D. will be completed

23. Don’t talk so loudly. Your father ________ .

A. sleeps B. is sleeping C. slept D. had slept

24. ----- What are you doing under the table?

----- I ________ to find my pen.

A. tried B. had tried C. try D. am trying

25. Jane and Tom ________ the door.

A. are walking at B. walk at C. walks to D. are walking to

26. How many people does the doctor know ________ of the disease?

A. are dying B. is dying C. has died D. dies

27. He ________ thin.

A. was getting B. is getting C. will getting D. had been got

28. Our team ________ every match so far this year, but we still have three games to play.

A. was winning B. has won C. had won D. wins

29. I shall tell you what he ____at three o’clock yesterday afternoon.

A. has done B. has been done C. had been doing D. was doing

30. I ________ my homework now.

A. finish B. finished C. have finished D. had finished

31. I ________ this coat for very long. It still looks quite new.

A. wasn’t having B. haven’t had C. hadn’t D. haven’t been having

32. ________ reading the book yet?

A. Have you finished B. Were you finishing

C. Had you finished D. Are you finishing

33. The evening party ________ .You are a little late.

A. just began B. just has begun C. has just begun D. has begun just now

34. The dog is still wet. It ________ out of the rain.

A. only just comes B. has only just coming

C. was only just come D. has only just come

35. Where did you study before you ________ to this middle school?

A. come B. came C. are coming D. will come

36. He ________ home for nearly three weeks.

A. has gone away from B. has left C. has been away from D. went away from

37. ----- Did your brother go toAmericalast year? ----- ________ .

A. No, he has never go there B. No, he has never gone here

C. No, he never was there D. No, he’s never been there

38. My uncle ________ in that factory since 1958.

A. worked B. had worked C. is working D. has worked

39. I ________ her since she was a little girl.

A. knew B. know C. had known D. have known

40. He ________ for three years.

A. has joined B. has been in the army C. joined D. has served the army

41. His grandfather ________ for thirty years.

A. died B. was dead C. has been dead D. has died

42. I ________ a college student for more than a year.

A. became B. have become C. was D. have been

43. I ________ this radio for two years.

A. used B. use C. have used D. am used

44. I ________ from my brother for a long time.

A. not have heard B. have not heard C. have heard not D. do not hear

45. Since you don’t want to go, I ________ alone.

A. will go B. go C. went D. have gone

46. He________ his watch. Have you seen it anywhere?

A. lost B. lose C. has lost D. had lost

47. I ________ the exhibition on the life and work of Lenin.

A. see B. saw C. have seen D. am seeing

48. When I was a little boy my father ________ me the earth is round.

A. tells B. has told C. had told D. told

49. You ________ your homework..

A. haven’t done B. have doing C. have not doing D. not done

50. Our teacher ________ to Beijing three times.

A. went B. had done C. has gone D. has been

初中英语语法学习方法

1.在理解的基础上学习

学习语法要真正理解,不要死记硬背条条框框。例如家长在辅导孩子英语时,也许会特别强调现在分词和动名词在句子中的不同成分。很多孩子就死记硬背:分词可以作定语、状语、补语、表语;动名词可作定语、主语、宾语、表语。即使这样也经常记混淆。其词能充当的成分动名词基本都能充当。这样也便于理解为什么动名词能充当主语和宾语,而分词则不能。理解语法并不是要对语法规则刨根到底。有的孩子问:为什么英语有那么多时态,而汉语没有?每种语言都有它自己的规则。汉语不是没有时态,只是时态的表现形式不像英语那么明显。

2.积极主动归纳、总结语法规则

孩子在学习过程中要善于主动观察、归纳、总结语法规则,不能完全依靠家长、老师的讲解。研究表明,孩子自己归纳总结的语法规则比从书本上学来的记得更好。在孩子一道题或给予详细讲解后,应该让孩子尝试着自己总结规律。同样的情况在怎样的场合使用?有没有例外?实践表明,能自己总结语法规律的孩子,更能对语法进行灵活运用,且在阅读中也便显出反应迅速准确的良好状态。另外,有的语法书里讲的规则有时过于简单甚至不准确。比如很多语法书里,关于字母。结尾的名词的复数的规则是:一般加8226;s;有些加-es。那么到底哪些加—s哪些加-es呢?孩子又只能死记硬背。其实,多数单词加-es,比如heroes,tomatoes,potatoes,tornadoes,volcanoes,torpedoes等;少数单词加8226;s,而且加—s的词多为较长单词的缩写。比如:photographs—photos;kilograms—kilos;hippopotamus—hippos等。而radio本身就是几个单词的缩写,其复数形式当然是radios。如果孩子能够在学习中发现类似的规律,则可以大大减少死记硬背的负担。

3.要善于从错误中学习

英语学习中出现错误是不可避免的,孩子在学习时,一方面不要怕犯错误,要大胆地使用英语;另一方面,要注意纠正错误,从错误中学习。发现错误和纠正错误是做英语练习的目的之一。对于老师、家长批改过的作业,一定要仔细看。对批改还不明白的,一定要向家长或同学请教。在口头交际中,不能完全不顾语法,也不能因为怕犯语法错误而不敢开口。完全不顾语法,可能会使语法错误形成习惯,以后想改也改不过来。而因为怕犯错误而不敢开口或在表达中过多地进行自我纠正会影响交际的顺利进行,也可能因此失去很多交际的机会。研究表明,在口头表达中,适度地监控语法的正确性和准确性最有利于孩子提高口语能力。

篇6:初中英语知识点总结之过去时态的应用

一、基本构成

同一般将来时,把系动词be变为过去式,把will,shall变为过去式。句型如下:

肯定句:主语+be(was,were)goingto+动词原形+其他

否定句:主语+be(was,were)notgoingto+动词原形+其他

疑问句:Be(Was,Were)+主语+goingto+动词原形+其他

肯定句:主语+would(should)+动词原形+其他

否定句:主语+would(should)not+动词原形+其他

疑问句:Would(Should)+主语+动词原形+其他

二、基本用法

1、表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。

例句:Ididn'tknowifhewouldcome.我不知道他是否会来。(指过去不知道。)

Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithus,ifitrained.她告诉我们,如果下雨,她就不和我们一起去了。

2、过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时,不管什么人称,一律用would。

Wheneverhehadtime,hewoulddosomereading.他一有时间,总是看书。

3、表示主管打算、计划要做的事情或根据过去的某种迹象做出的推测,用was/weregoingto+动词原形表示.

例句:LastSundayweweregoingtovisittheGreatWall,butitrained.上星期天我们本想去游览长城的,但却下雨了。

篇7:初中英语知识点总结之过去时态的应用

从字面上理解,过去进行时指“过去的某一时间进行发生的动作或事情”,这样的理解很正确!

一、结构

1.过去进行时由“主语+was/were+现在分词”构成例如:Wewerehavingsupperwhenthephonerang.我们正在吃晚饭时电话响了。

2.过去进行时的否定式由“was/werenot+现在分词”构成例如:ThistimeyesterdayJackwasnotwatchingTV.Hewasrepairinghisbike.昨天这个时候,杰克不是在看电视,而是在修理自行车?

3.过去进行时的疑问式由“was/were+主语+现在分词”构成例如:Wereyouplayingbasketballatfouryesterdayafternoon?昨天下午四点你们在打篮球吗?

二、基本用法

1.过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。

如:Hefellasleepwhenhewasreading.他看书时睡着了。

2、过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似,过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩,也通常与always,forever,continually等副词连用。如:Theywerealwaysquarrelling.他们老是吵架。

3、常用的时间状语thismorning,thewholemorning,allday,yesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,.justnow,amomentago

篇8:初中英语8大时态总结

初中英语8大时态总结

一般现在时

1. 概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

2. 基本结构:①is/am/are;②do/does

否定形式:①am/is/are + not;

②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don‘t,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn’t,同时还原行为动词。

3. 一般疑问句:①把is/am/are动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。

4. 用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

例如:I leave home for school at 7 every morning。 每天早上我七点离开家。

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。

例如:The earth moves around the sun。 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China。 上海位于中国东部。

3) 表示格言或警句。

例如:Pride goes before a fall。 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例如:Columbus proved that the earth is round。 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。

例如:I don‘t want so much。 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well。安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。

5) 一般现在时表示将来含义

a.下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来,主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。

例如:The train leaves at six tomorrow morning。 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes。 汽车什么时候开?十分钟后。

b.在时间或条件句中。

例如:When Bill comes (不是will come), ask him to wait for me。 比尔来后,让他等我。

I‘ll write to you as soon as I arrive there。 我到了那里,就写信给你。

一般过去时

1.概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.基本结构:

①was/were;②行为动词过去式

否定形式:①was/were + not;②在行为动词前加didn‘t,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②用助动词do的过去式did 提问,同时还原行为动词。

3.用法

1) 在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。

时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。

例如:Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?

2) 表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。

例如:When I was a child, I often played football in the street。

我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome。

那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。

注意:used to + do:“过去常常”表示过去习惯性的动作或状态,但如今已不存在。

例如:Mother used not to be so forgetful。 老妈过去没那么健忘。

Scarf used to take a walk。 斯卡夫过去常常散步。

现在进行时

1.概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语:now, at this time, these days, etc。

3.基本结构:

am/is/are + doing

否定形式:am/is/are + not + doing。

一般疑问句:把be动词放于句首。

4.用法:

1) 表示现在(指说话人说话时)正在发生的事情。

例如: We are waiting for you。 我们正在等你。

2)习惯进行:表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行。

例如:Mr。 Green is writing another novel。 他在写另一部小说。(说话时并未在写,只处于写作的状态。)

3) 表示渐变,这样的动词有:get, grow, become, turn, run, go, begin等。

例如:The leaves are turning red。 叶子在变红。

It‘s getting warmer and warmer。 天越来越热了。

4) 与always, constantly, forever 等词连用,表示反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩。例如:

You are always changing your mind。 你老是改变主意。

5) 用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬时动词的现在进行时可以表示将来。

例如:I‘m leaving tomorrow。 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗?

过去进行时

1.概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself。

我兄弟骑车时摔了下来,受了伤。

When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining。

我到达山顶时,阳光灿烂。

2.时间状语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

3.基本结构:

was/were + doing

否定形式:was/were + not + doing。

一般疑问句:把was或were放于句首。

4.用法

1) 过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。

We were watching TV from seven to nine last night。

昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。

2) 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。

时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。

What was she doing at nine o‘clock yesterday?

昨天晚上九点她在做什么? (介词短语表示时间点)

She was doing her homework then。

那个时候她正在写作业。(副词表示时间点)

When I saw him he was decorating his room。

当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点)

3) 在复合句中,如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的,那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。

When he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper。

他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)

He was cleaning his car while I was cooking。

他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行)

一般将来时

1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2. 时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, in a few minutes, by the day after tomorrow, etc。

3.基本结构:

①am/is/are/going to + do;

②will + do。

否定形式:①am/is/are + not + going to + do

②will not(won‘t)+ do。

一般疑问句:①am/is/are放于句首;

②will提到句首。

4. will主要用于在以下三个方面:

1) 表示主观意愿的将来。

They will go to visit the factory tomorrow。

明天他们将去厂参观工厂。

I‘ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling。

我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。

2) 表示不以人的意志为转移的客观的将来。

Today is Saturday。 Tomorrow will be Sunday。

今天是星期六。明天是(将)是星期日。

He will be thirty years old this time next year。

明年这个时候他就(将)三十岁。

3) 表示临时决定,通常用于对话中。

—Mary has been ill for a week。

玛丽病了一周了。

—Oh, I didn‘t know。 I will go and see her。

噢,我不知道。我去看看她。

5. be going to主要用于一下两个方面:

1) 表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算、计划要做某事。

Dad and I are going to watch an opera this afternoon。

今天下午我和爸爸打算去看歌剧。

2) 表示根据目前某种迹象判断,某事非常有可能发生,表示推测。

Look! There come the dark clouds。 It is going to rain。

瞧!乌云密集。天要下雨了。

过去将来时

1.概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语:the next day(morning, year),the following month(week),etc。

3.基本结构:

①was/were/going to + do;

②would + do。

否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;②would + not + do。

一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would 提到句首。

4.用法

1) “would+动词原形”常表示主观意愿的将来。例如:

He said he would come to see me。

他说他要来看我。

He told me he would go to Beijing。

他告诉我他将去北京。

2) “was/ were + going to + 动词原形”常表示按计划或安排即将发生的事。例如:

She said she was going to start off at once。

她说她将立即出发。

I was told that he was going to return home。

有人告诉我他准备回家。

此结构还可表示根据某种迹象来看,很可能或即将发生的事情。例如:

It seemed as if it was going to rain。

看来好像要下雨。

3) come, go, leave, arrive, start等瞬时动词动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。例如:

He said the train was leaving at six the next morning。

他说火车将于第二天早晨六点离开。

She told me she was coming to see me。

她告诉我她要来看我。

现在完成时

1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在并且有可能继续下去的动作或状态。

2.时间状语:recently, lately, since, for, in the past few years, etc。

3. 基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +done。

一般疑问句:have或has。

4. since的三种用法

1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。

例如:I have been here since 1989。 1989起,我一直在这儿。

2) since +一段时间+ ago。

例如:I have been here since five months ago。 我在这儿,已经有五个月了。

3) since +从句(一般过去时)。

例如:Great changes have taken place since you left。 你走后,变化可大了。

比较since和for

since 用来说明动作起始时间,for用来说明动作延续时间长度。

例如:I have lived here for more than twenty years。我住在这儿二十多年了。

注意:并非有for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。

I worked here for more than twenty years。 (我现在已不在这里工作。)

过去完成时

1.概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。

2. 时间状语:before, by the end of last year(term, month),etc。

3.基本结构:had + done。

否定形式:had + not + done。

一般疑问句:had放于句首。

4.用法

1) 在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句种。

例如:She said (that)she had never been to Paris。 她告诉我她曾去过巴黎。

2) 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中,发生在先,用过去完成时;发生在后,用一般过去时。

例如:When the police arrived, the thieves had run away。 警察到达时,小偷们早就跑了。

3) 表示意向的动词,如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean,

suppose等,用过去完成时表示“原本…,未能…”。

例如:We had hoped that you would come, but you didn‘t。 那时我们希望你能来,但是你没有来。

注意: had hardly… when。。。 刚。。。。。。就。。。。。。。

例如:I had hardly opened the door when I he hit me。 我刚打开门,他就打了我。

had no sooner…than 刚…… 就……。

例如:He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it。 他刚买了这辆车,转眼又卖了。

篇9:初中英语动词时态总结

一般现在时的用法

1) 经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语: every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如:

I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。

2) 客观真理,客观存在,科学事实。例如:

The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。

Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。

3) 表示格言或警句。例如:

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

注意:此用法如果出现在宾语从句中,即使主句是过去时,从句谓语也要用一般现在时。

例:Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。

4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如:

I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。

Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错,讲的可不行。

比较:Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。

I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。

第一句用一般现在时,用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作,表示言行的瞬间动作。

第二句中的now是进行时的标志,表示正在进行的动作的客观状况,所以后句用一般现在时。

一般过去时的用法

1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如:时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如:

Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了?

2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作。例如:

When I was a child, I often played football in the street.

我是个孩子的时候,常在马路上踢足球。

Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.

那时,布朗一家无论什么时候去,都受到热烈欢迎。

3)句型:It is time for sb. to do sth ”到……时间了“ ”该……了“。

例如:It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。

It is time that sb. did sth. ”时间已迟了“ ”早该……了“ ,

例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。

would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。

例如:I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。

4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等,而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在。

例如:I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。

比较:Christine was an invalid all her life.(含义:她已不在人间。)

Christine has been an invalid all her life.(含义:她现在还活着)

Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。)

Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. (含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)

注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气。

1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等。例如:

Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗?

I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。

2)情态动词 could, would。例如:

Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车,能借用一些吗?

篇10:初中英语动词时态总结

1. …as soon as… 一… 就…

Mary一见到她弟弟就会告诉他这个消息。

Mary will tell her brother this message as soon as he sees him.

我们一到那儿就去爬山了。

We went climbing as soon as we arrived / got / reached there.

2. as + adj./adv.+ as… …和…一样(的 / 地)…

not as(so)…as… …不如 / 不比 … ….

李雷和吉母跑得一样快。

Li Lei runs as fast as Jim.

约翰和你的年龄不一样大。

John is not as (so) old as you.

这部电视剧不如那部有趣。(TV series)

This TV series is not as (so) interesting as that one.

3. as +adj./adv.+ as possible 尽可能 … 的 / 地 …

我们在英语课上应该尽可能地多讲英语。

We should speak English as much as possible in English class.

你能不能尽可能慢一些读这个句子?

Can you read the sentence as slowly as possible?

4. ask sb for sth 向某人要求某物

当你迷路时,你可以向警察需求帮助。

When you get lost, you can ask the police for help.

一些学生经常向父母要钱去玩电子游戏。(video games)

Some students often ask their parents for money to play video games.

他向父母要一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

He asked his parents for a bicycle as his birthday present.

5. ask/ tell sb. (how) to do sth 询问 / 告诉 某人如何做某事

许多学生经常问老师如何才能学好英语。

Many students often ask their teachers how to learn English well.

让我来告诉你如何发邮件。

Let me tell you how to send an e-mail.

6. ask / tell /want sb (not) to do sth. 要求(让)/ 告诉 / 想要 某人 做(不做)某事

护士告诉我服用此药需一日三次,饭后服用。

The nurse told me to take this medicine three times a day after meals.

老师经常告诉我要更加努力地学习。

The teacher often tells me to study harder.

他让我不要再犯同样的错误。

He asked me not to make the same mistake again.

7. make/ let /have sb. (not) do sth 使 / 让 某人做(不做)某事

他使得孩子哭得很厉害。

He made the child cry loudly.

昨天他使我在影院门口等了很长时间。

He made me wait for long (for a long time) at the gate of the cinema yesterday.

直到我们做完了作业,妈妈才让我们去玩球。

Mother didn’t let us play football until we finished our homework.

那个老板迫使工人们每天工作10小时。

That boss made the workers work (for) ten hours a day.

8. be afraid of doing / to do/that 害怕 / 不敢 做某事

这个小女孩不敢晚上出去。

The little girl is afraid to go out in the evening / at night.

他害怕独自呆在家里。

He is afraid of staying at home alone.

许多人担心他们会失去工作。(be afraid that)

Many people are afraid that they will lose their jobs.

9. be busy with sth. / doing sth. 忙于某事 / 做某事

现在学生们忙于准备考试。

Now students are busy preparing for the exams.

昨天下午妈妈都在忙着做家务。(两种)

Mother was busy with housework yesterday afternoon.

Mother was busy doing housework yesterday afternoon.

10. be famous / late /ready / sorry for sth.

因…而著名 / (做)…迟到了 / 晚了 / 为…准备 / 为… 而抱歉

如果你不快点,你就会上班迟到。

If you don’t hurry, you will be late for work.

杭州以丝绸而出名。

Hangzhou is famous for silk.

我们已经准备好迎接奥运会了。

We have been ready for the Olympic Games.

我为我的错误而抱歉。

I am sorry for my mistake.

11. be glad that 很高兴…

我很高兴你能来参加晚会。

I am very glad that you can come to the evening party.

老师很高兴我们班得了第一名。

The teacher was very glad that our class was the first / won the first prize.

12. give/ show/ bring/ lend/ send/ pass/ tell / offer sth to sb

buy/give/ show/ send/ pass/ bring/ lend/ tell sb. sth

给某人某物;给某人看某物;给某人带来某物;借给某人某物;送给某人某物;递给某人某物;把某事告诉给某人;主动给某人某物

请递给我一张纸。

Please pass me a piece of paper.

=Please pass a piece of paper to me.

请把你的画给我看看。

Please show me your picture.

=Please show your picture to me

他借给我一辆自行车。

He lent me a bike.

=He lent a bike to me.

别忘了下次来给我带点儿钱。

Don’t forget to bring me some money when you come here next time.

= Don’t forget to bring some money to me when you come here next time.

13. either…or… 或… 或…, 不是… 就是…, 要么…要么…

不是你,就是他是对的。

Either you or he is right. V. 就近原则

每个周末,我们要么去公园,要么呆在家里。

We either go to a park or stay at home every weekend. (at/on weekends.)

要了解世界,人们既可以读报纸,也可以看电视。

People can either read newspapers or watch TV to get to know the world.

14. neither…nor… 既不… 也不…, 两者都不…

我和他都没有读过这本书。

Neither he nor I have ever read this book. V. 就近原则

这个女孩已经十岁了,但她既不会读书,也不会写字。

The girl is already ten, but she can neither read nor write.

15. enjoy/ finish/mind/ keep/ practise/go on doing sth.

享受做…之乐;做完某事;介意做某事;一直做某事;练习做某事;继续做…

我们应该经常练习讲英语。

We should often practice speaking English.

我奶奶一直坚持早晨锻炼身体已经有十年了。

My grandma has kept doing exercise in the morning for ten years.

16. find /think / feel + it + adj. (for sb.)to do sth. 发现/ 认为/觉得 做某事 如何

越来越多的人发现吃太多汉堡包不利于健康。

More and more people have found it unhealthy to eat too many hamburgers.

很多大学生发现在大学中交友很难。

A lot of students have found it very hard to make friends at college.

17. get + adj. 的比较级 + and + adj. 的比较级 变得越来越…

地球变得越来越暖和了。

It gets warmer and warmer on the earth.

春天到了,天气变得越来越热了。

Spring is coming and it’s getting warmer and warmer.

北京变得越来越美丽了。

Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.

18. The + adj./adv.的比较级, the + adj./adv.的比较级。 越..., 就越…。

天气越冷,人们穿得就越多。

The colder it is, the more people wear.

我们种的树越多,空气就会越干净。

The more trees we plant, the cleaner the air will be.

英语,我们练习得越多,说得就越好。

The more we practice speaking English, the better we can speak.

你越强健,患感冒的机会就越少。

The stronger you are, the less chance you will catch a cold.

19. It is + 序数词+ adj./adv.的最高级 + n.

黄河是中国第二长的河流。

The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.

他是我们班跑得第二快的。

He runs the second fastest in our class.

20. one of the + 最高级 + n. (pl.) 是最…之一者

姚明是世界上最好的篮球运动员之一。

Yao Ming is one of the best basketball players in the world.

三亚是中国最美丽的城市之一。

Sanya is one of the most beautiful cities in China.

篇11:初中英语四种时态总结

初中英语四种时态归纳

一、一般现在时:

概念: 经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

时间状语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays

基本结构 :① be 动词;②实义动词

否定形式:① am/is/are+not; ②谓语动词若为实义动词,A.主语不是三单式,则don't+动词原形 B.主语为三单式,则 doesn't+动词原形。

一般疑问句:①把 be 动词放于句首;②谓语动词若为实义动词,A.主语不是三单式,用助动词 Do+主语+动词原形

B.主语为三单式,则Does+主语+动词原形

Helen ________ a good student.(be)

Helen ________ fishing very much.(like)

Helen’s friends usually ________ to school by bike.(go)

二、一般过去时:

概念: 过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

时间状语: …ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, at last, in the end, finally, at first

基本结构: ① was/were;②实义动词的过去式 (dodid, comecame, stopstopped)

否定形式:① was/were+not; ②在实义动词前加 didn't ,同时还原实义动词,即didn’t+动词原形

一般疑问句:① was 或 were 放于句首;②用助动词 do 的过去式did 提问,同时还原实义动词。

Helen ________ born in Wuxi.(be)

Helen ________ to school by bike yesterday.(go)

三、现在进行时 :

概念: 表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

时间状语: now, at this time, these days, look, listen

基本结构: am/is/are+doing 否定形式: am/is/are+not+doing.

一般疑问句:把 be 动词放于句首。

Listen, Helen ________ a song in the room.(sing)

四、过去进行时:

概念: 表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

时间状语: at this time yesterday, at that time, from 6 to 8 last night, at 5 yesterday evening或以 when/while 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。

基本结构: was/were+doing 否定形式: was/were + not + doing.

一般疑问句:把 was 或 were 放于句首。

Helen ________ TV at six last night.(watch)

I ________ TV when Mum came home last night.(watch)

初中常见时态的相互转换

英语中的几种时态在一定情况下可以互相转换,以下是几种常见的转换形式:

1、一般过去时与现在完成时的转换

在现在完成时中,延续性动词能与表示一段时间的状语连用,瞬间动词却不能。但是,可用別的表达方式:

①瞬间动词用于”一段时间 + ago“的一般过去时的句型中;

②瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语,与一段时间连用;

③瞬间动词用于”It is + 一段时间 + since + 一般过去时“的句型中,表示”自从……以来有……时间“的意思,主句一般用it is来代替It has been;

④瞬间动词用于”Some time has passed since + 一般过去时“的句型中。请看:

A. He joined the League two years ago.

B. He has been in the League for two years.

C. It is two years since he joined the League.

D. Two years has passed since he joined the League.

2、一般现在时与现在进行时的转换

在一般现在时中,at加上名词表示”处于某种状态“,如at work(在工作), at school(上学、上课)等。此短语可与进行时态转换。请看:

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.

Peter is working, but Mike is playing.

3/在进行时与一般将来时的转换

在现在进行时态中go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词常与表示将来的时间状语连用表示将要发生的动作。如:I am coming, Mum! 意为”我就来,妈妈!“请看:

The train is leaving soon.

The train will leave soon.

4、be going to+动词原形”与“will(shall)+动词原形”

“be going to+动词原形”、表示打算、计划要做的事;将来时“will(shall)+动词原形”结构在书面语中,当主语为第一人称时,常用助动词shall。在口语中,所有人称都可以用will。请看:

We are going to visit the Great Wall next Sunday.

We shall visit the Great Wall next Sunday.

初中英语学习方法

1.单词的记忆。

其实英语的学习历来都把单词的学习作为重点,初中也不例外。我们一定要记住,单词记忆切忌孤立地,单纯地背诵单词。我们中学最习惯的背诵方法就是背拼写,比如what这个单词我们一般都是这么背what what,这样只是记住了几个孤立的字母而并没有记住单词,过不了几天就会把这个单词忘掉。那么我们就要把单词放在一个整体或者环境中背诵,比如我们不如记住下面一句话:What is your name?(你的名字叫什么)那么就不容易忘掉了。也就是说每记一个单词都要相应地记住用这个单词在内的一个例句,因为单词的意思只能在句子中体现,有意思我们才不容易忘掉,而孤立的无意思的不容易记住。另外记忆单词要利用一切可能的办法去记住,比如分类记忆:我们把动物的有关词汇放在一起,把有关校园的有关词汇放在一起,或者天文,地理,等等。当然我们也可以利用谐音的方法自己编写些小段子记住单词。

2.语法的学习。

初中是开始学习系统语法知识的重要阶段。这阶段语法学习好了,以后语法就会感到很轻松。首先应该明确是初中的时候我们学习的更多的是词法而不是句法,因为毕竟从简单开始吧,就算是中考题也基本上没有多少句法的题,所以初中一定要把重心放在词法上,就是名词,介词,冠词,代词,形容词等上面,而这些东西是最零碎的也是最头疼的,我们就更要有细心和耐心。建议每学习一个语法点,在学校教室里抄过一遍笔记后,回家静下心来,再重新整理一遍笔记,去粗取精,这其实是回顾温习的过程,并且要做好分类,不同重要程度的或者难易程度的要用不同的颜色区别对待,并时常翻阅。此外课堂上的语法知识往往和教材同步而并不系统,我们还可以再有一本语法书籍,甚至可以买高中语法,这样有知识的拓展。

3.文章的学习。

现在的教材文章普遍较难。所以阅读文章难度是相当大的。学生在学习文章前一定要预习老师即将要讲的内容,事先把自己认为比较难的单词语法和句子划出来,这样就可以有的放矢。课本上的文章一定要精读,不能说看懂了就可以,而是要把每一个重要的单词和句子都要吃透。同时对文章中的经典词汇和段落要记笔记,甚至要会背诵,为后面的写作打基础。加强英语学习,阅读是重点,课堂上的文章太过教条和局限,可能缺乏生动性和乐趣性。因此课后也要多读些课外文章。建议读些国内出版的浅显的英语文章,比如象“英语沙龙初级版”英汉对照着看,一定会有兴趣和提高。

4.写作的学习。

写作学习请大家牢牢记住下面两句话。“读书破万卷,下笔如有神”,“熟读唐诗三百首,不会做诗也会吟”,强大的阅读功底是写出好文章的保证,只有输入得多了才能输出得多,因此一定要多读课外文章还有精读文章。在具体联系方面,我们并不需要写太多字数的文章。因为初中生的作文并不需要写太复杂的句子。仅仅是简单句子的结合,所以说中学生的作文不叫真正意义上的作文,而是叫写话。所以鉴于上述,我觉得英汉互译写句子是最好的写作文的方法,把每句话成功的写出来,再结合起来就是一篇好的作文了。

篇12:初中英语八种时态的知识点

初中英语八种时态的知识点

一、一般现在时:

概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。

例:He listens to the radio every evening.

暗示性词语: always, usually, often, sometimes, every week ,every day , every year ,every month , once a week, on Sunday, etc.

第三人称的变化(参考名词单数变复数):①直接加s ,如listen-listens ;

②以s.x.ch.sh 结尾的单词后面加es, 如brush-brushes; ③辅音字母加y 结尾,把y 改为i 加es ,如fly-flies ④以o 结尾的,加es ,如:do-does 基本结构:①be 动词;②行为动词

否定形式:①am/is/are +not;

②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't, 如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't ,同时还原行为动词。

一般疑问句:①把be 动词放于句首;

②用助动词do 提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does ,同时,后面行为动词用原形。

二、一般过去时:

概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

例:I was born on April 2, 1986.

暗示性词语:ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week , last year , last night , last month , in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, once upon a time, etc.

基本结构:①be 动词;②行为动词 变化规则:①直接加ed :work —worked look—looked play—played,

②以e 结尾的单词,直接加d :live —lived hope—hoped use—used,

③ 以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y 为i 加ed :study —studied carry—carried worry—worried, ④以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed :enjoy —enjoyed play—played⑤ 以重读闭音节结尾的,双写最后的辅音字母+ed:stop — stopped plan—planned

不规则变化:is/am-was Are-were Begin-began blow –blew bring -brought

否定形式:①was/were +not;

②在行为动词前加didn't ,后面行为动词用原形。

一般疑问句:①was 或were 放于句首;

②用助动词do 的过去式did 提问,后面行为动词用原形。

三、现在进行时:

概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

例:The woman is talking to the doctor.

暗示性词语:now, at this time, these days, etc.

基本结构:am /is/are +doing

否定形式:am /is/are +not +doing.

一般疑问句:把be 动词放于句首,其他不变。

四、过去进行时:

概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

例:We were copying the new words this time yesterday.

暗示性词语:at this time yesterday, at that time或以when 引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。 基本结构:was / were +doing

否定形式:was / were + not + doing.

一般疑问句:把was 或were 放于句首,其他不变。

五、现在完成时:

概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。 例:I have already finished my homework

暗示性词语:recently, lately, since…,for+一段时间,in the past few years, etc.

基本结构:have/has + done

否定形式:have/has + not +done.

一般疑问句:have 或has 放于句首。

六、过去完成时:

概念:以过去某个时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即―过去的过去‖。 例:The class had already begun when I came to school.

暗示性词语:before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.

基本结构:had + done.

否定形式:had + not + done.

一般疑问句:had 放于句首。

七、一般将来时:

概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

例:We are going to have a volleyball match tomorrow.

时间状语:tomorrow, next day , next week , next month ,next year, soon , in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc. 基本结构:①am/is/are going to + do;②will/shall + do.

否定形式:①am/is/are going not to + do;

②will/shall not + do.

一般疑问句:①be 放于句首,其他不变。

②will/shall提到句首,其他不变。

八、过去将来时:

概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。

例:Did you ask Kate whether they would fly to Egypt?

时间状语:the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.

基本结构:①was/were going to + do;②would/should + do.

否定形式:①was/were/not + going to + do;

②would/should + not + do.

一般疑问句:①was 或were 放于句首,其他不变。

②would/should 提到句首,其他不变。

如何培养英语学习习惯

1.主动静听

主动静听是学习语言的前提,也是学英语的良好习惯之首。上课静听主要包括同学们听原声磁带﹑碟片,听老师上课的英语讲解及同学们的发言等。静听过程中不要急于模仿,要求理解意思,同时注意语音、语调、重音、停顿等。这不仅有助于集中注意力,而且使得语言和思维融为一体。因此,同学们要听与教材配套的英语听力训练材料和示范朗读磁带,要有足够的时间来培养语感,形成主动静听的好习惯。

2.积极思考

苏霍姆林斯基曾说,一个人到学校上学,不只是为了取得一份知识的行囊,而主要是获得聪明才智,真正的学校应是积极思考的王国,必须让同学们生活在思考的世界里。勤于思考是一个学生学会学习、掌握方法的重要标志。同学们把每一次课堂提问都当成是对自己个人的提问,积极迅速地加以思考,并把自己的思路、结论和其他同学、老师的解答相比较,以开阔思路,取长补短。这与消极地等待老师公布答案的效果迥然不同。

3.勇于发言

口语表达是英语学习最为重要的一个方面。教学实践发现,英语学习有困难的同学都不善开口,更不要说话语连贯了。他们怕出丑,缺乏信心,在课堂内是“老听众”;有的同学即使开口也含糊不清,这些同学的成绩和口语能力都很难提高。要做到人人大胆开口说英语,不是一件容易的事。同学们因各人的气质、性格不同,参与开口说英语的程度也不同。著名教育学家布卢姆认为,一个人学习成功的次数越多,他的学习自信心就越强。学习成功是建立在学习自信心的基础上的。因此同学们要克服思想和心理障碍,不要急于一步到位,克服怕开口说英语的紧张心理。

4.立体记忆

学习英语,记忆是关键。心理学研究表明:只有通过多感官的综合运用,在理解的基础上记忆才能快速持久。因此,同学们在课堂上应随时备好纸和笔,把记忆内容在心里形象化、趣味化,再在纸上视觉化,语音上韵律化,行为上戏剧化,使听、说、读、写、画、想、做相结合,从不同角度和感官立体记忆,实现快速高效记忆的目的。

5.独立与协作

课堂上,不论练习还是测试,也不管自己实力高还是低,始终坚持独立思考完成。只有独立操练才能使自己的能力得到充分的锻炼。语言学家们也越来越重视学生独立学习的能力在语言教学中的重要性。他们认为,学生独立学习能力的发展是语言学科教育中最重要、最根本、最有开发价值的内在驱动力。在此基础上,同桌间、小组内互相协助,共同探讨解疑,互相检查,互相指正,既帮助了同学又提高了自己,共同进步,真正实现了主动学习。在课堂上,同学们要和同桌密切配合,或分组讨论,或结合某个问题争论,或调查,或表演,发挥各自特长,主动参与学习,在参与中享受成功,达到最佳学习效果。

6.课堂笔记

学英语,一定要做课堂笔记。但我发现,大多数同学们对做笔记的认识不够。只有少部分的同学们在课堂上记笔记,且大多是间断性地偶尔做做笔记,缺乏连续性和完整性。俗话说:“好记性不如烂笔头。”因为人的记忆力是有限的,记忆本身就是不断与遗忘作斗争的过程。老师讲的知识可能在课堂上记住了,可是过了一段时间,就会忘掉,所以,做好笔记很有必要。

做课堂笔记的过程中,应注意以下几点:

(1)准备一本较好的笔记本;

(2)记录时要条理清楚,提纲明确,可以用颜色分辨主次,排列有规律;

(3)对重要语言点要详细记录,不懂的要记,已完全掌握的可不记;

(4)听课时重在听懂老师的讲解,抓住关键;

(5)每页的上下左右都要留有适当的空间,以便复习时添加其他补充材料。

初中学好英语的重要性

第一,深刻认识学习外语的重要性。当今世界是开放的世界,中国的发展离不开世界。中国已经加入WTO,对外开放将进一步扩大,社会将需要更多的外语专业人才和外语素质较高的其他各类专业人才。这对我们来说,既是机遇,也是挑战。学好外语,有利于我们就业,有利于我们深造,有利于我们各项事业的发展.

第二,学习外语要有自信心。要相信自己能学好外语,这是学好外语的重要前提。对于目前外语基础较差者,一定要克服“破罐子破摔”的心理,只能积极地想办法,才是上策。如果现在抛弃外语,今后的事业必将遇到重重阻力。

第三,学习外语要有坚忍不拔的毅力。学习外语,并非高深莫测,关键在于自己平时一点一滴地积累,这就需要有吃苦耐劳的精神。学习外语的最大敌人就是自己的懒惰,要敢于向懒惰宣战。这是许多人能学好外语的宝贵经验,也是许多人学习外语最终失败的深刻教训。

第四,学习外语要掌握正确的方法。方法的问题,老师讲过多年,自己也有体会,没有任何一种方法是能完全解决问题的,也没有任何一种方法能适合于任何时间的学习,自己应当去探索和实践。学习外语,有一点可以知道,就是要做到眼、耳、口、手并用,缺一不可。

第五,学生学习外语要抓住两个环节。一是要认真上好外语课,抓紧课内学习,向每一堂课要质量,向每一堂课要收获;二是积极参加课外学习活动,如课外记单词、朗读与背诵课文、收听外语广播、参加外语角和外语文艺活动等等,在实践中不失时机地练习口语和听力,掌握词汇和语法,了解外国语言文化背景,不断增强外语学习的适应性。这样经过一段时间,你的外语水平一定会有显著地提高。

篇13:初中英语常用知识点总结

被动语态

初中英语学习最难的是语法,因为英语的语法跟汉语的语法有很大的不同。其中被动语

态是初中英语学习的重点和难点。被动语态特点和用法。

一、被动语态的构成形式

1.被动语态的基本时态变化

被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。

以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:

1) am/is/are +done (过去分词)一般现在时

例:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.

2) has /have been done现在完成时

例:All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.

3) am/is /are being done现在进行时

例:A new cinema is being built here.

4) was/were done一般过去时

例:| was given ten minutes to decide whether | should reject the offer.

5) had been done过去完成时

例:By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in

Beijing.

6) was/were being done过去进行时

例:A meeting was being held when I was there.

7) shall/will be done一般将来时

例:Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.

8) should/would be done过去将来时

例:The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.

9) shall/will have been done将来完成时(少用)

例:The project will have been completed before July.

2.被动语态的特殊结构形式

1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为:情态动词+ be+过去分词。

例:The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.

2)有些动词可以有两个宾语,在用于被动结构时,可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语,另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。

例:His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.

3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时,将宾语变为被动结构中的主

语,其余不动。

例:Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught

smoking a cigarette.

4)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时,在主动结构中不定式to要省略,但变为被动结构时,要加to。

例:Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改为A stranger was seen to walk into the building.

5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组,如“动词+介词”,“动词+ 副词”等,也可以用

于被动结构,但要把它们看作一个整体, 不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。

例:The meeting is to be put off till Friday.

3.非谓语动词的被动语态

v+ing形式及不定式to do也有被动语态(一般时态和完成时态)。

如何使用

1)如何使用被动语态;

学习被动语态时,不仅要知道被动语态的各种语法结构,还要知道在哪些情况中使用被动语态。

1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。

例:My bike was stolen last night.

2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。

例:| was given ten minutes to decide whether | should accept the offer.

3.为了更好地安排句子。

例:The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)

2)It is said that+从句及其他类似句型

一些表示”据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say,suppose, think等可以用于句型”It+ be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+ be+过去分词+to do sth.“。

有:It is said that... 据说,It is reported that.. .据报道,

It is believed that...大家相信,It ishoped that..大家希望,

It is well known th...众所周知,It is thought that...大家认为,

It is suggested that.. .据建议。

例:lt is said that the boy has passed the national exam.

(=The boy is said to have passed the national exam. )

3)谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义

1.英语中有很多动词如break, catch, clean, drive, lock, open, sell, read ,write, wash等,当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。

例:This kind of cloth washes well.

注意:主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征,而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。

试比较: The door won't lock. (指i ]本身有毛病)

The door won't be locked. (指不会有人来锁门,指“I ]没有锁”是人的原因)

2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语,如: happen, last, take place, break

out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意义。

例:How do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢?

3.系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, book,feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。

例:Your reason sounds reasonable

4)非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义

在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。

1.在need, want, require, bear等词的后面,动名词用主动形式表示被动意义,其含

义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。

例:The house needs repairing(to be repaired).这房子需要修理。

2.形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义,但不能跟动词不定式;而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。

例:The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy tobe read.)

3.动词不定式在名词后面作定语,不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时,又和句中另一名词或代词构成主谓关系,不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。

例:I have a lot of things to do this afternoon. (to do与things是动宾关系,与I是主谓关系。)

试比较: I' II go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? (此处用不定式的被动语态作定语表明you不是post动作的执行者。)

4.在某些”形容词+不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中,句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时,这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice,easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。

例:This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).

5.在too... to.. .结构中,不定式前面可加逻辑主语,所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。

例:This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.

6.在there be...句型中,当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时,不定式用主动式作定语,重点在人,用被动形式作定语,重点在物。

例:There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,谁lost time不明确。)

7.在be to do结构中的一些不定式通常应用主动表主动,被动表被动。然而,由于古英语的影响,下列动词rent,blame,let等仍用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。

例:Who is to blame for starting the fire?

秋风,唱给田野动听的歌

初中英语知识点总结:句型结构 初中英语语法中,有很多特殊句型结构,牢记这些句型结构,以后再运用上就可以得心应手。下面是初中英语重点句型结构总结,希望能帮助到大家。

1、see,hear,notice,find,feel,listen to,look at (感官动词)+ do eg: I like watching monkeys jump.2、(比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越……3 、a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易) 补:a place of interest 名胜4、agree with sb. 赞成某人5、all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一种/样6、all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 、along with 同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you 我将和你一起去The students planted trees along with their teachers. 学生同老师们一起种树。

8、As soon as 一……就……

9 、as you can see 你是知道的

10、ask for ……求助 向……要……(直接接想要的东西) eg: ask you for my book

11 、ask sb. for sth. 向某人什么12、ask sb. to do sth. 询问某人某事ask sb. not to do sth. 叫某人不要做某事

13、at the age of 在……岁时eg:I am sixteen. I am at the age of sixteen.14 、at the beginning of … ……的起初;……的开始15、at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾eg : At the end of the day16、at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 补:at least 至少

17、be /feel confident of sth. /that clause + 从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg: I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 、be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 、be able to (+ v.原) = can (+ v.原) 能够……eg: She is able to sing. She can sing. 补:base on 以……(为)根据

20、be able to do sth. 能够干什么 eg: She is able to sing.

21、be afraid to do (of sth. 恐惧,害怕……eg: I'm afraed to go out at night. I'm afraid of dog.22 、be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I'm allowed to watch TV. 我被允许看电视。I should be allowed to watch TV. 我应该被允许看电视。

23 、be angry with sb. 生某人的气 eg: Don't be angry with me.

24、be angry with (at) sb. for doing sth. 为什么而生某人的气

25、be as … 原级 … as 和什么一样 eg: She is as tall as me. 她和我一样高。

26 、be ashamed to

27 、be away from 远离

28、be away from 从……离开

29 、be bad for 对什么有害eg: Reading books in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好。30、be born 出生于

31、be busy doing sth. 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth. 忙于……

32、be careful 当心;小心 be close to … 离……很近

33、be different from … 和……不一样

34、be famous for 以……著名

35 、be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 、be from = come from 来自eg:He is from Bejing. He comes from Bejing.Is he from Bejing? Does he come from Bejing?37 、be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water38 、be glad + to do/从句 做某事很高兴

39 、be going to + v.(原) 打算,计划,准备……40 、be good at(+ doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41、be good for 对什么有好处eg: Reading aloud is good for your English.42、be happy to do 很高兴做某事43、be helpful to sb. 对某人有好处eg: Reading aloud is helpful to you. 大声朗读对你有好处。Exercising is helpful to your bady. 锻炼对你的身体有好处。

44、be in good health 身体健康

45、be in trouble 处于困难中eg : She is in trouble They are in tronble

46、be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47、be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 、be like 像…… eg: I'm like my mother.

49 、be mad at 生某人的气

50、be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料) 补:be made in 在……生产或制造

51、be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)52、be not sure 表不确定

53、be on a visit to 参观

54、be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 补:be please with 对…感到满意

55、be quiet 安静

56、be short for 表……的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57、be sick in bed 生病在床

58、be sorry to do sth. be sorry for sb. eg: I am sorry for you.

59、be sorry to hear that

60、be sorry to trouble sb.eg: I am sorry to trouble you.

61、be strict in doing sth. 严于做某事 eg: He's strict in obeying noles

62、be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格eg: Some students are not strict with them selves. 这些学生对自己不严格。

63、be strict with sb in sth. 某方面对某人严格

64、be supposed to do 被要求干什么65、be sure 表确定66、be sure of doing sth. 对做某事有信心eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well67、be sure of sth. 对做某事有信心eg: I'm sure of my head (my teacher). 我相信我的大脑(老师)。

68、be sure that sth. 对做某事有信心eg: I'm suer that he can pass the test. 我相信他能通过考试。69、be sure to do sth. 一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass the test. 我们一定会通过这次考试We are sure to learn English well. 我们一定能学好英语。

70、be terrified of + 名/动 doing 害怕……

71、be terrified to do sth. 害怕做某事

72、be the same as … 和什么一样

73、be used to doing sth.习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early. 我爸爸习惯早起。He is used to sleeping in class. 他习惯上课睡觉.He is used to working hard.He is used to hard work. 他习惯努力工作

74、be worth doing 值得做什么

75、be (feel) afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事be afraid of sth. 害怕某物be afraid that 丛句76、because + 句子 because of + 短语

eg: He was late because he had a headache.

He was late because of his headache.

77、begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start … with … = begin … with … 以……开始……eg: Let's begin the game with the song. I begin to go home.

78、between … and … 两者之间

79、borrow sth. from sb. 向……借……

lend sth. to sb. lend sb. sth. 借给……什么东西

eg: I borrowed a pen from him. He lent a pen to me (he lent me a pen).

80、both = the same (as) = not different (from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb. to do sth. 补:both … and … ……和……都

eg : I'm sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站。The problem has been bothering me for weeks. 这个问题困扰了我几个周了。

He's bothering me to lend him money.

82、by the end of 到……为止

83、call sb. sth. eg: We call him old wang.

84、care 关心

eg: Don't you care about this country's future? 你为什么不关心国家的未来。

85、catch up with sb. 赶上某人

86、chat with sb. 和某人闲谈 take sb. to + 地点 带某人去某地

87、come in 进来

88、come over to 过来

89、come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea? 你能想出一个好办法吗?

90、communicate with sb. 和某人交流

91、consider + doing 考虑做……eg: Why not consider going to lu zhou? 为什么不考虑去泸州?

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg: She likes dancing to the music. 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞。

93、decide to do sth. 决定做某事

94、do a survey of 做某方面的调查

95、do better in 在……方面做得更好

补:do well in 在……方面干的好96、do wrong 做错补:droup off 放下(某物)97 Don't forget to do sth. 不要忘了做某事。98 Don't mind +doing /从句 /名词. 不要介意……。99、each + 名(单)每一个……100、end up + doing

篇14:初中英语知识点总结

初中英语知识点总结1

介词

一些容易混淆的介词

1.表示时间的at、on、in的用法区别 at主要表示:

(1)在某具体时刻之前,如at seven o’ clock,at 7:30。

(2)在固定短语中,如:at noon,at night,at that time,at the age of at the weekend,at Christmas。

On用来表示“在„„天”,如:On Monday,On May lst,On Children’s Day。 in用来表示:

(1)在某年、某月、某季节。

(2)在—段时间之后,如:in two hours,in a few days。

注意:在纯粹地表示在上午/下午/晚上时,用in the morning/afternoon/evening,但在某一天的上午、下午、晚上前要用介词on。如:on Monday morning,on the morning of Children’ s Day。

2. 表示地点的at,in,on的用法区别 (1) at通常指小地方,in一般指大地方。 (2) at 所指范围不太明确,in指“在„„里”。 (3) in指在内部,on指“在„„之上”。

3.表示“一段时间”的for与since的用法区别 for后面接时间段,since之后接时间点。

4.表示时间的before与by的用法区别 before与by都可表示“在„„之前”,但by含有“不迟于„„”、“到„„为止”

的意思。如果by后是将来的时间,则与将来时连用,若by后是过去的时间,则与过去完成时连用。

5.over与above(under与below) over,above都表示“在„„的上面”,over表示“正上方”,而above只表示“在上方”但不一定在“正上方”。above还可表示温度、水位等“高于”,over还可表示“越过„„”。over的反义词是under,above的反义词是below.例如: There is a bridge over the river Our plane flew above the clouds.

初中英语知识重点2

形容词

形容词即是表示人或物的特征、性质或状态,修饰名词或不定代词的词。

1) 作定语,放在名词之前,不定代词之后

但少数形容词只能作表语如:alone, afraid, asleep, awake, alive, well等 eg: I have something important to tell you. Don’t be afraid. 2)作表语,放在系动词之后

eg: He looks happy.

3)作宾语,放在宾语之后,常与make,leave,keep等动词连用。

eg: You must keepyour eyes closed.

2.某些形容词说明事物之间的关系、方位,时间、用途等,不能用程度副词来修饰,也没有比较等级的变化,如the same, different,southern, northern, Chinese,Japanese等

3.形容词的名词化

某些形容词放在定冠词后,变成名词,表示一类人。常见的有good/bad, rich/poor,young/old, deaf/blind,black/white,living/dead等 eg:The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。

4.形容词的排序

顺序:限定词+数量形容词(序前,基后)+性状形+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国籍+材料 如:two round blue plastic plates两个圆形的蓝色塑料盘

5.名词变形容词的方法:

1) 后加y/ny; cloud-clody,sun-sunny

2) 后加ern, west-western,

3) 表称谓诶和表示时间的名词后加ly, friend-friendly

4) 表物质的名词,后加en/y, wood-wooden, salt-salty

5) 表抽象意义的名词后加ful/y/less, care-careful/careless, luck-lucky, 6) 表示大州与国家的名词后加n, Aisa-Aisan

初中英语知识点3

副词

作状语,作定语,作表语,作宾补

1.副词的排列顺序

1)时间,地点副词,小单位在前,大单位在后

2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。

3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词

注意:副词very可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词

副词enough要放在形容词或副词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。

2副词比较等级

其变化规则与形容词比较等级变化规则相同。 但副词的最高级前一般不加定冠词the.

3辨析:

1)how long, how soon, how ofen, how far

how long: “多久,多长时间”,对一个持续的时间段提问,常对“for+时间段”和“since+时间点”进行提问。

how soon: “多快,多久以后”,对一个短暂性动作提问,用于一般将来时的句子中,常对“in+时间段”进行提问。

how often: “多长时间一次”,对频率提问,常对“once,twice,three times a week”等提问。 how far: “多远”,对距离提问。

2)hard和hardly

hard “努力地,辛苦地,剧烈地,猛烈地”,是程度副词。 hardly :“几乎不”,是否定副词。

3)much too 和too much

much too “非常,极其,太” 修饰形容词或副词原级 too much “太多” 修饰不可数名词

篇15:初中英语知识点总结

1 see、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump

2(比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : Iwill go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西) eg : ask you for my book

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时 eg:I am sixteen I am at the age of sixteen

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾 eg : At the end of the day

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信 eg : I am / feel confident of my spoken English I feel that I can pass the test

18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够…… eg : She is able to sing She can sing

20 be able to do sth 能够干什么 eg :she is able to sing

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕…… eg : I’m afraed togo out at night I’m afraid of dog

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么 eg: I’m allowed to watch TV 我被允许看电视 I should be allowedto watch TV 我应该被允许看电视

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气 eg : Don’t be angry with me

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : Sheis as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to

27 be away from 远离

28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害 eg : Reading books in the sun isbad for your eyes 在太阳下看书对你的眼睛不好

30 be born 出生于

31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心;小心

33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名

35 befriendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自 eg :Heis from Bejing He comes from Bejing Is he from Bejing ? Does he come fromBejing ?

37 be full of 装满……的 be filledwith 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass isfilled with water

38 be glad+to+do/从句

39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处 eg : Reading aloud is good foryour English

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处 eg : Reading aloud is helpful to you 大声朗读对你有好处 Exercising is helpful to your bady 锻炼对你的身体有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中 eg : She is in trouble They arein tronble

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I’m like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观

54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静

56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is shortfor 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床

58 be sorry to do sth be sorryfor sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that

60 be sorry to trouble sb eg : I am sorry to troubleyou

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事 eg : He’s strict inobeying noles

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格 eg: Some students are notstrict with them selves 这些学生对自己不严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格

64 be supposed todo 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定

66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心 eg: He is sure of winning I am sure of learning English well

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I’m sure of my head (myteacher 我相信我的大脑(老师)

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心 eg: I’m suer that he canpass the test 我相信他能通过考试

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事eg: We are sure to pass thetest 我们一定会通过这次考试 We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

70 be terrified of + 名/动doing 害怕……

71 be terrified to do sth 害怕做某事

72 be the same as … 和什么一样

73 be used to doing sth习惯做某事 eg: My father is used to getting up early 我爸爸习惯早He isused to sleeping in class 他习惯上课睡觉

74 be worth doing 值得做什么

75 be(feel) afraid to do sth 害怕做某事be afraid of sth 害怕某物 be afraid that 丛句

76 because+句子 because of +短语 eg : He was late because he had a headache He was late because of his headache

77 begin to do = start to do 开始做某事start…with…=begin…with… 以什么开始什么 eg : Let’s begin the game with the song I begin to go home

78 between…and… 两者之间

79 borrow sth from sb 向……借……lend sth to sb ( lend sb sth 借给……什么东西 eg : I borrowed a pen from him he lent a pen to me ( he lent me a pen

80 both = the same(as) = not different(from) 表相同

81 bother 打扰 bother sb to do sth eg : I’m sorry to bother you ,but can you tell me to way to the station 我十分道歉打扰你,但是你能告诉我怎么去车站

the problem has been bothering me for weeks 这个问题困扰了我几个周了

He’s bothering me to lend him money

82 by the end of 到……为止

83 callsb sth eg : We call him old wang

84 care 关心 eg : Don’t you care about this country’s future ?你为什么不关心国家的未来

85 catch up with sb 赶上某人

86 chat with sb 和某人闲谈 take sb to + 地点 带某人去某地

87 come in 进

88 come over to 过来

89 come up with 提出 eg: Can you come up with a good idea你能想出一个好办法吗?

90 communicate with sb 和某人交流

91 consider + doing 考虑做什么 eg : Why not consider going to lu zhou 为什么不考虑去泸州?

92 dance to 随着……跳舞 eg : Shelikes dancing to the music 她喜欢随着音乐跳舞

93 decide to do sth 决定做某事

94 do a survey of 做某方面的调查

95 do better in 在……方面做得更好

96 do wrong 做错

97 Don’t forget to do sth 不要忘了做某事

98 Don’t mind +doing /从句 /名词 不要介意……

99 each +名(单)每一个…eg : Each student has many books 每一个学生都有一些书

100 end up +doing

101 enjoy +doing喜欢

102 escape from 从……逃跑eg: Theprisoners have escaped from the prison犯人从监狱里逃跑出来

103 expect to do sth 期待做某事

104 fall down 摔下来 fall off 从哪摔下来

105 fall in love with sb/sth 爱上什么

106 far from 离某地远 eg : The school is far from my home

107 find +it +adj +to do 发现做某事怎么样

108 find sb/sth +adj 发现什么怎么样 eg : I find the bookinteresting

109 finish 完成+doing(名词)

110 fit to sb = be fit for sb 适合某人

111 forget to do 没有做而忘了 forget doing 做了而又忘了 eg: Don't forget to gohome I forget closing door

112 from…to… 从某某到某某 eg: Fromme for her

113 get /have sth down 做完,被(别人)做…eg: I have my hair cut我理了发(头发被剪了)

Tom got his bad tooth pulled out 汤母把他的坏牙拔掉了(被牙医拔掉了)

114 get a part-time job= find a part-time job

115 get along well with sb = geton well with sb 与某人相处得好

116 get along with sb = get on with sb 与某人相处

117 getready for = be ready for为什么而准备eg : I get ready for mathI am ready for math

118 get sb in to trouble 给某人麻烦

119 get sb to do sth

120 get…from… 从某处得到某物

121 give a talk 做报告 eg: He is give a tall

122 give sth to sb give sb sth 给某人某物

123 go fish 钓鱼 go swimming 游泳

124 go on to do 去做下一件事 go on doing 继续做这件事

125 go out away from go out of

126 go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)

127 good way to 好方法

128 hate to do 讨厌没做过的事 hate doing 讨厌做过的事

129 have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会

130 have a talk 听报告谈一谈

131 have been doing 现在完成进行时 eg : You have been talkingYou have been sleeping since

132 have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来

133 have fun +doing 玩得高兴

134 have sth to do 有什么事要做 eg: I have a lot of homework to do 我有很多家庭作业要做 I havenothing to do 我没什么事情做

135 have to do sth 必须做某事

136 have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦

137 have…time +doing

138 have…(时间)…off 放……假 eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假

139 hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事

140 help a lot 很大用处

141 help sb with sth one’s sth 帮助某人某事(某方面) help sb(to) do sth 帮助某人做某事

142 hope to do sth 希望做某事

143 How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)

144 how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法

145 if : 是否=wether eg: I don’t know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会

He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达

146 if :如果,假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句 eg: I’ll go to LuZhou if it does’t rain 假如明天不下雨,我就去泸州

If they change the plan they will let me know 假如他们要改变计划,他们会让我知道的

I'll go to England ,if I have enough money next year 如果我明年由足够的钱,我就要去英国

147 in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为

148 in some ways 在某些方面

149 in the end = finally(adv) 最后

150 in the north of… 什么在什么的北方 (north 北 sowth 南 west 西 east东 )

151 in the sun 在太阳下

152 increase 增加 eg : They’ve increased the prece of petrol by 3% 他们把石油价增加了3% the population has increased from 12 million ten years ago to 18 million now

153 instead of +(名 ) 代替 eg: I’d like an apple instead of a pear 我想要苹果,而不要梨子 I like English instead of math 我喜欢英语而不喜欢数学

154 introduce sb to sb 介绍某人给某人 introduce oneself 自我介绍

155 invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事

156 It takes sb sometime to do sth 做某人花掉某人多少时间 eg : It took me 5 minutes to do my homework It takes me half an hour to cook

157 It's +adj +for sb to do sth 对某人来说做某事怎么样

158 It's +adj +to do 做某事怎么样

159 It's +adj for sb 对于某人来说怎么样 It's +adj of sb 对某人来说太怎么样

160 It's +adj(for sb) to do(对某人来说) 做某事怎么样 It's +adj ofsb to do sth 对某人来说做某事太怎么样 eg : It's nice of you to help me with my English

161 It's a good idea for sb to do sth 对…… 来说是个好主意

162 It's important to sb 对某人来说很重要 eg: It's important tome

163 It's time to do sth It’s time for sth 到了该去做某事的时间 eg : It's time to have class It’s time for class 该去上课了

164 join = take part in 参加

165 just now 刚才

166 keep +sb /sth +adj /介词短语让什么保持什么样?

167 keep out 不让 …… 进入

168 keep sb adj 让……保持…… eg: Iwant to keep my mother happy keep healthy 保持健康

169 key to +名词 表示:某物的钥匙或某题的答案

170 key to… anser to … key 可以是答题或钥匙

171 laugh at… 取笑…… eg : Don't langh at others Welanghed at the joke

172 learn by oneslfe 自学

173 learn from sb 向某人学习eg: We should learn from LeiFeng

174 learn to do sth 学做某事

175 let sb do sth 让某人做某事

176 Let sb down 让某人失望 eg : Weshouldn't let our farents down 我们不应该让我们的父母失望

177 live from :离某地远

178 live in +大地方 /at +小地方 居住在某地eg: I live in LuZhou She lives at XuanTan

179 look after = take care of 照顾 照看

180 lose one's way 谁迷 路 eg : Lose your way 你迷路

181 make a decision to do sth 决定做某事

182 make friends with sb 和谁成为朋友 eg : I want to makefriends with you

183 make it early 把时间定的早一点

184 make on exhibition of oneself 让某人出洋相

185 make sb /n +n 使什么成为什么 eg : I made her my stepmoller I made you my wife

186 make sb /sth +adj 使某人(某物)怎么样 eg : You must madeyour bed clean

187 make sb /sth adj 使某人/某物怎么样

188 make sb do sth 让某人做某事 eg : I made him write 我以前让他写

189 make up be made up of (被动语态)由……组成

190 make…difference to…

191 mind sb to do mind one's doing 介意……做什么

192 most +名 most of +代

193 much too +形容词

194 must be 一定

195 need +名词

196 need sb do sth 需要某人做某事

197 need to do (实义动词) need do (情态动词)

198 no /neithr of hate to do no /neithr of hate doing

199 no +名词

200 not anymore = no more 再也不…… eg: He didn't cry anymore He cried no more 他再也不哭

篇16:初中英语知识点总结

名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。

1、表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s',例如:a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2、如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's,如:Children's Day。

3、在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4、无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5、双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。

篇17:初中英语知识点总结

名词所有格,用来表示人或物的所有,以及领属关系。

1、表示有生命的名词的所有格其单数形式是加's,其复数形式是s',例如:a student's room, students' rooms, father's shoes。

2、如其结尾不是s的复数形式仍加's,如:Children's Day。

3、在表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用's,例如:a twenty minutes' walk,ten miles' journey,a boat's length,two pounds' weight, ten dollars' worth。

4、无生命名词的所有格则必须用of结构,例如:a map of China,the end of this term,the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。

5、双重所有格,例如:a friend of my father's。

【注意】

如果两个名词并列,并且分别有's,则表示“分别有”,例如:John's and Mary's rooms(约翰和玛丽各有一间,共两间);Tom's and Mary's bikes(两人各自的自行车)。

两个名词并列,只有一个's,则表示“共有”,例如:John and Mary's room(约翰和玛丽共有一间);Tom and Mary's mother(即Tom与Mary是兄妹)。语态表示主语和谓语的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态,如:We speak Chinese in China.在中国我们说汉语;如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态,如:Chinese is spoken by us in China.在中国汉语被我们说。

一、主动语态改成被动语态方法 把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤:

1. 将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语;

2. 谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态;

3主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语,组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。(有时by的短语可以省略);

例:1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week.

二、被动语态的用法:

1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成:is / am / are + 及物动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned everyday.

2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成:was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 A new shop was built last year.

3. 现在完成时的被动语态构成:has / have + been + 及物动词的过去分词 This book has been translated into many languages.

4. 一般将来时的被动语态构成:will+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Many more trees will be planted next year.

5. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成:情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 Young trees must be watered often.

6. 现在进行时的被动语态构成:am / is / are + being + 及物动词的过去分词 Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.→ My bike is being repaired by Tom now.

7. 不定式的被动语态:to + be + 及物动词的过去分词 There are two books to be read. → There are twenty more trees to be planted.

三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:

1. 不及物动词无被动语态。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.

2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。This pen writes well. This new book sells well.

3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to。 例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.

4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。 He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.

5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.

常见考法

对于语态考查,多以单选、词语运用的形式考查学生在具体语境中灵活运用被动语态的能力。一般情况下,会综合考查时态和语态,这时,要根据语境和动作发生的时间来确定时态,然后再确定语态。

典型例题:CCould you tell me whom the radio__________by? -Sorry, I have no idea.

A invents B invented C is invented D was invented

解析:题干的意思是“你能告诉我收音机是谁发明的吗?”,发明收音机是过去的事,所以用过去时,排除 A和C;而radio和invent 构成被动关系,应用被动语态,排除B

答案:D

误区提醒

有些动词后跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,但改为被动结构后要加上“to”,这一点我们必须注意。

典型例题:The young man was often seen _____ by the lake.

A to draw B to drawing C draw D drew

解析:这是济南的中考题。“看到某人做某事”为see sb.do sth.。句中动词原形是省略to的不定式,在被动语态中要还原to。

答案:A

[最新初中英语知识点总结2017]

篇18:初中英语知识点总结

初中英语

1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 (比较级 and 比较级) 表示越来越怎么样

3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟(容易)

4 agree with sb 赞成某人

5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样

6 all over the world = the whole world 整个 世界

7 along with同……一道,伴随…… eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去

the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树

8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样

9 as you can see 你是知道的

10 ask for ……求助 向…要…(直接接想要的东西)

11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么

12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事 ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事

13 at the age of 在……岁时

14 at the beginning of …… ……的起初;……的开始

15 at the end of +地点/+时间 最后;尽头;末尾

16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候

17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句 感觉/对什么有信心,自信

18 be + doing 表:1 现在进行时 2 将来时

19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原) 能够……

21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧,害怕……

22 be allowed to do 被允许做什么

23 be angry with sb 生某人的气

24 be angry with(at) sb for doing sth 为什么而生某人的`气

25 be as…原级…as 和什么一样 eg : She is as tall as me 她和我一样高

26 be ashamed to

27 be away from 远离

28 be away from 从……离开

29 be bad for 对什么有害

30 be born 出生于

31 be busy doing sth 忙于做什么事 be busy with sth 忙于……

32 be careful 当心;小心

33 be different from…… 和什么不一样

34 be famous for 以……著名

35 be friendly to sb 对某人友好

36 be from = come from 来自

37 be full of 装满……的 be filled with 充满 eg: the glass is full of water the glass is filled with water

38 be glad+to+do/从句

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39 be going to + v(原) 将来时

40 be good at(+doing) = do well in 在某方面善长, 善于……

41 be good for 对什么有好处

42 be happy to do 很高兴做某事

43 be helpful to sb 对某人有好处

44 be in good health 身体健康

45 be in trouble 处于困难中

46 be interested in 对某方面感兴趣

47 be late for = come late to 迟到 eg: Be late for class 上课迟到

48 be like 像…… eg : I'm like my mother

49 be mad at 生某人的气

50 be made from 由……制成(制成以后看不见原材料)

51 be made of 由……制成(制成以后还看得见原材料)

52 be not sure 表不确定

53 be on a visit to 参观

54 be popular with sb 受某人欢迎

55 be quiet 安静

56 be short for 表**的缩写 eg: 陶 is short for 陶俊杰

57 be sick in bed 生病在床

58 be sorry to do sth be sorry for sb eg : I am sorry for you

59 be sorry to hear that

60 be sorry to trouble sb

61 be strict in doing sth 严于做某事

62 be strict with sb 对某人要求严格

63 be strict with sb in sth 某方面对某人严格

64 be supposed to do 被要求干什么

65 be sure 表确定

66 be sure of doing sth 对做某事有信心

67 be sure of sth 对做某事有信心

68 be sure that sth 对做某事有信心

69 be sure to do sth一定会做某事We are sure to learn English well 我们一定能学好英语

篇19:初中英语知识点总结

1. be supposed to do . 应该 如: We are supposed to stop smoking. 我们应该停止吸烟。

知识拓展 表示应该的词有:should, ought to ,be supposed to

2. shake hands 握手 shake 本意是“摇动、震动”

3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.

你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。中的“should have asked”是

“情态动词+现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事,事实上没有做

如:She should have gone to Beijing. 她本应该去了北京。(没有去)

4. be relaxed about sth. 对某事随意、不严格 如:

They are relaxed about the time. 他们对时间很随意。

5. pretty adv. 相当,很=very She is pretty friendly. 她相当友好。

adj. 美丽的 She is a pretty girl.她是一个美丽的女孩。

6. make plans to do == plan to do. 打算做某事 如:

She has made plans to go to Beijing.==She has planed to go to Beijing.

7. drop by 访问 看望 拜访 串门

We just dropped by our friends’ homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。

8. on time 按时

9. after all 毕竟 终究 如:You see I was right after all.你看,毕竟还是我对了。

10. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 如:

Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。

11. without 没有

12. around the world == all over the world 全世界

13. pick up 捡起 挑选 如:He picked up his hat. 他捡起他的帽子。

14. start doing == start to do 开始做某事 如

He started reading.== He started to read. 他开始读。

15. point at 指向

16. stick v. 剌 截 n. 棒,棍

chopstick 筷子 是由chop(砍)+stick(棒)合成,通常用复数形式:chopsticks

17. go out of one’s way to do 特意,专门做某事 如:

He went out of his way to make me happy. 他特意使我高兴。

18. make mistakes 犯错误(复数)make a mistake 犯错误(一个)

19. be different from 与…不同 如:

Chinese food is different from theirs. 中国菜与他们的不同.

20.get/be used to sth.习惯于…

get/be used to doing习惯于…

be used to do 被用于做…

be used for doing 被用于做…

used to do 过去常常做… 如:

I wash clothes everyday. But I’m used to it.我每天都洗衣服,但我习惯了

I am used to washing clothes. 我习惯于洗衣服了。

The knives are used to cut things. 小刀被用来切东西。

The knives are used for cutting things. 小刀被用来切东西。

She used to watch TV after school. 她过去放学后常常看电视。

21. 我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。

I find it difficult to remember everything.

形式宾语 真正宾语

常见的形式宾语有:find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth. 如:

I think it hard to study English.

22. cut up 切开 切碎 如:Let’s cut up the water melon. 让我们切开这个西瓜吧。

23. make a toast 敬酒

24. crowd v.挤满 其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是:crowded

25. set n. 一套 v. 设置

26. can’t stop doing 忍不住做某事 I can’t stop laughing. 我忍不住笑

27. make faces 做鬼脸

28. face to face 面对面

29. learn…by oneself 自学 如: I learn English by my self. 我自学英语。

篇20:初中英语知识点总结

1.There be结构

a.这是英语中常见的一种结构,表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。

eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别,它的含义是“所有,属有”,其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch.

b.There be结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。

c.There is a river near our school.

否:There is not a river near our school.

问:Is there a river near our school.

回答:Yes,there is.No,there isn’t.

划⑴How many rivers are there near our school?

⑵What’s near our school?

d.there be结构的一般将来时,同学们较难掌握,其正确形式为:there is going to be

e.反意疑问句的构成:There is no water in the glass,is there?

①There is going to _____ a football match this afternoon.

A.have B.watch C.be D.play

②They were sure that they were going to ____ a rest.

A.be B.have C.be on D.on

2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复,英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。

a.So+be(助动词,情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。

eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps.

So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too.

b.Neither+be(助动词,情态动词)+主语,表示某人也不。

eg.Mother has never been to Japan.

Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan,either.

c.So+主语+be(助动词,情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同),请同学们与a.区别。

eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom.

B:So he is.=He is really in the class room.

3.It’s+时间+since动词过去式。自从...起已有...时间了。

⑴It’s two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)

⑵How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了

4.祈使句+and(那么)...

5.祈使句+or...否则...

eg.Work hard,or you will fall behind the other students.

=If you don’t work hard,you’ll fall behind the other.

6.The+比较级...,the+比较级...越...越...

eg.⑴The more,the better.越多越好。

⑵The harder you work on it,the better you’ll be at it.(你越用功,你就越好。)

7.How do you like the film?=What do you think of the film?(你认为这部电影怎样?)

8.What...do with...?怎样对付...?怎样处理...?

虽然中文为怎样,我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.

eg.A:What have you done with the library book?

B:I’ve just returned it to the library.

9.I don’t know what to do.我不知道该怎么办?

I don’t know how to do.×10.What...be like?...是什么样的?

eg.⑴What’s the weather like?天气如何?

⑵What’s your school like?你们学校是什么样的?

11.What...for?为何目的?为什么?

eg.What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab?

12.one of+最高级+复数最...之一

eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.

13.find it+形容词+to do

eg.I find it useful to learn English well.(我发觉学好英语是很有用的)

find+宾语+名词eg.I find him a good boy.(我发现他是个好男孩.)

find+宾语+形容词eg.I find the door open/closed.(我发现门开/关着)

I find our bags filled with/full of presents.(我发现我们的包装满了礼物)

14.I don’t think+肯定句我想...不

eg.I don’t think I’ll take it.(我想我不买它了)

请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。

15.prefer A to B=like A better than B更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.

eg.I prefer fish to chicken.=I like fish better than chicken

eg.Go straight on and you’ll see a school.=If you go straight on,you’ll see a school.

16.had better do sth.最好干某事.

否定:had better not do sth.

特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.

eg.You’d better catch a train.

You’d better not talk in class.

You’d better not be late for the class.

17.It is good(nice)of+宾格+to do sth.

eg.It is very good of you to teach me English.(你教我英语真是太好了)

18.It takes sb.some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间)

=sb.spend some time on sth.(in)doing sth.

eg.It took me half an hour to do the work.=I spent half anhourin doing the work.

19.sb.pay钱for物某物化费了某人多少钱=sb.spend钱on物=物cost sb.钱

pay的过去式为paid而不是payed.

eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat.

=I spent thirty yuan on the coat.

=The coat cost me thirty yuan.

20.have been to某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿

sb.have been in+地点某人呆在某地(一段时间)

have gone to某人已去某地,人不在这儿

21.⑴too…形容词(副词)+to…“太…而不能”“太…以致于不”

eg.①The basket is too heavy for me to carry.这篮子太重我拿不动。

②This colour TV is too expensive for us to buy.这台彩电对我们来说太贵了,买不起。

⑵so...that如此...以致于...

上面的too...to结构的句子,可以换成so...that引导的句子转换。

①The basket is so heavy that I can’t carry it.

②This colour TV is so expensive that we can’t afford it.

22.What’s the population of...?...人口有多少?

不说How much population in...?形容人口数量的大用large

eg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA

23.I’ve come to return your pan.(我跑来是还你锅的)→Why have you come?而不用What

24.not...until(连词)方才,才

eg.He says that he won’t be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空。

肯定句+until到

eg.You’d better wait until tomorrow.(你最好等到明天)

25.neither...nor...既不...也不...

either...or...或者...或者...

eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word“hundred”.

Either you or she is right.(谓语动词就近原则)

both...and...两者都...

eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One(主语看作复数)

初中英语重点短语整理

1.put down放下shut down把…关上cut down砍掉

come down下来、落下slow down减缓、放慢sit down坐下

write down写下get down下来,降落

2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地

one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后the day after tomorrow后天

3.come up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up弄醒、醒来

send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大

pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光

clean up打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事

4.arrive at/in+n.到达get to+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达

5.get…back退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来

at the back of在…的后面on the way(back)home在回家路上

6.at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作588.es

be good at=do well in善长laugh at嘲笑not…at all一点也不at first起初

at night在晚上at noon中午at the age of//when sb.was…years old在…岁时at last/in the end/finally最后、终于at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初

at the end of在…终点、结尾at the moment/now现在at the foot of在…脚下at Christmas在圣诞节at any moment任何时候at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔at the doctor’s在医务室be bad at不善长

7.for example例如for ever永远be good for对…有益be bad for对…有害for long=for a long time长期for short简称be short for是…的简称

TV is short for“television”

8.come true实现come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于

come in/into进入,进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来,(花)开,(照片)冲洗出来

9.even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管

10.be pleased with对…感到满意be covered with被…覆盖

be expected to do sth.被期望做某事be proud of以…自豪

speak highly of称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of=a lot of许多

11.by the way顺便说by oneself单独,独自by the end of到…为至

by the time(引起时间状语从句)到…的时候one by one依次

by air/plane乘飞机by bus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车

(catch a bus赶公交车get on/off the bus上/下车take a bus to…=go to…by bus乘车去)

12.do/try one’s best尽力do one’s homework做家庭作业do(the/some)shopping购物

do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫

do the/some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb/sth.处理well done干得好

13.early in the morning一大早in the early spring初春in my early days我幼年时期early bus早班车

14.make a contribution to贡献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb./ring sb.up/give sb.a call/phone sb.给某人打电话connect…to…把…与…连接起来be close to靠近(某地)

give birth to生(孩子)lose to sb输给sb.

15.either…or…或者…或者..on either side of the stree t街道任何一边

(on each side of the street街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)

16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keep on doing sth.坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事

finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)

17.go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事)go straight along沿着…一直往前走

go down下降,go for a walk散,go over复习go shopping买东西,go to the cinema去看电影

go well进展顺利,go off to动身前往,go out外出,go to work去上班,go up上升,

want a go想试一试

18.think about考虑(think of认为、想起、考虑、想到think over仔细考虑think out想出)

talk about谈论,worry about担心,How/What about…?…怎么样?

19.borrow…from…从…借….(lend…to…把…借给…)from door to door挨家挨,

from time to time时时from now on从今以后from then on从那以后

be different from与…不同learn…from…向…学习

20.get dressed穿衣get into进入get/be lost丢失get off/on下/上车

get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从…出来get ready for+n.为…做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡(be asleep睡着)get warm变暧get well康复get a chance有机会、得到机会

21.look for寻找wait for等候look after=take care of照看look like看起来像

look over检查,复习look out小心,从里向外看look the same看起来一样

look up向上看,查单词,look around环视look forward to期望look through温习,检查

22.set off出发、动身put off推迟keep off避开、不靠近…drop off放下(某物)

turn off关jump off跳离,take off脱(衣)(飞机)起飞

23.half a kilo半千克half an hour半小时in half分成两半half of the day半天

24.do eye exercises做眼保健操do morning exercises做早操

take(more)exercise(多)参加体育锻炼an exercise book练习本588.es

25.take part in参加hand in上交in hospital住院in surprise吃惊地in the sun在阳光下in trouble处于困境in a minute/moment马上

26.leave for…动身去某地

27.feed on以…为主食live on继续活着base on以…为根据carry on坚持、继续下去and so on等等on the other hand另一方面on foot步行

28.be famous for以..著名be excited about+n./V-ing对…感到兴奋be interested in对…感兴趣be born出生be busy with sth.—be busy doing sth.忙于…be amazed at对..感到惊讶

29.make sure确信make a dialogue编对话make a mistake犯错误by mistake由于疏忽make a noise吵闹make faces做鬼脸make friends(with)和..交朋友make room for给..让地方make tea沏茶make money赚钱make a decision作出决定

30.used to do sth过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事

31.forget to do sth.忘记做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事

decide to do sth.决定做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事

32.hear sb.to do(doing)sth.听见某人做某事

33.help sb.(to)do sth.//help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事with one’s help在某人的帮助下with pleasure乐意

34.in the first第一for the first time第一次at first起初a firs t language母语first of all首先

35.leave a message for sb.给某人留条give/take sb.a message给某人捎口信

36.take photos/pictures照像take away拿走take out取出work out算出

take care当心take medicine服药take one’s temperature量体温

take one’s time别着急take a walk散步take place发生

37.learn by oneself/teach oneself自学learn by heart背熟

38.have a try尝试,努力try out尝试、试验find out/about找出,查明have a good/wonderful/great/time玩得开心have a(bad)cold(重)感冒have a meeting/walk/watch开会/散步/比赛have sports进行体育活动

have nothing/sth.to do with与..无(有)关have no idea不知道

have(one’s)medicine服药

39.win first prize获一等奖

40.all over the world=around the world=throughout the world全世界

41.all kinds of各种各样的

42.neither…nor既不…也不…

43.not only…but also…不但…而且,both…and……和…都

44.the more,the better越多越好

52.all one’s life一生

53.as soon as一…就…as soon as possible尽可能早地、尽快as well=too也

as much as至多as little as至少regard…as把…当作…as if好像

54.no matter无论…

55 ever since从那以后,此后一直

56.so far到目前为止or so大约

57.three times a week一周三次

58.the number of…的数量a(large/good)number of/large numbers of/many许多

59.less than少于less and less越来越少

60.not…until…直到…才…

61.feel like+n./V-ing想要would like to想要

62.wash away冲走run away逃跑take away带走

63.before long不久long before/ago很久以前for long=for a long time长期

no longer=not..any longer不再

64.more or less=about或多或少大约more than=over多于,超过

65.every year每年every four years每隔四年every other day每隔一天

66.next to紧挨着next door隔壁,邻居next year明年next time下次

67.receive/get/have a letter from sb.=hear from sb收到某人的来信

68.on show=on display展览588.es

69.be filled with/be full of充满…

70.thank to=because of由于

71.some day=one day(将来)某一天all day终日day and night日日夜夜

in a day or two一两天内in the old days从前,旧社会from day to day(day after day)日复一日the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天Tree Planting Day植树节Women’s Day妇女节

72.keep/stop/prevent…(from)doing sth.防止(阻止)…做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事

73.a place(places)of interest名胜

74.credit card信用卡

75.point at/to指向

76.by sea=by ship乘船by the sea=on the sea在海边at sea在海上

77.set one’s mind to do sth.一心想做某事

78.See you!再见You see.你知道你明白,你瞧Let me see.让我想想see sb.Off给某人送行see a/the doctor看病see sb.do/doing sth.看见某人做某事

79 some…others一些(人,物)…其他(人,物)one…another一个..另一个(三者或以上)one…the other一个…另一个(总数二个)

80.be worn out穿旧,磨坏check out核实,检查write out写出

take sth.out of从…拿出/取出某物

81.in this way用这种方法in a few year’s time几年以后in space在太空

in and out of class在课内课外in the last fifteen minutes在最后十五分钟里

in the second half在下半场later in one’s life在某人后半身in the air在空中

in the open air在户外

82.have been to去过某地have gone to到某地去了

93.be far behind+某人(He is far behind others.他落后于别人)

94.one of+adj.最高级+复数名词

95.take+某物+with+某人(You’d better take an umbrella with you.你最好带上雨伞)

96.prefer to=like…better than宁愿,更喜欢prefer+V-ing(to do sth.)(I prefer doing(to do)it myself.我喜欢自己做那件事).

Would/should等情态动词+prefer+不定式.(I would prefer to do it myself.我宁愿自己做那件事),prefer+名词(v-ing)+to+名词(v-ing)(I prefer learning English to playing football.我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球);588.es

prefer+不定式(名词)+rather than+不带to的不定式,(I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车),

prefer+名词(代词)to do sth.(We prefer her not to come.我们宁愿她不来)

97.人+spend+time(money)+(in)doing sth.(I spent over two hours(in)finishing my homework.我花了两个多小时完成家庭作业.),人+spend+time(money)+on+名词,(He spent 1,000 on the TV set.他花了一千元买电视机).人+pay+money+for+sth.(He p aid ten yuan for the book.他花了10元钱买那本书.)It+takes(will take,/took…)+sb.+time(money)+to do sth.(It’ll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.乘车去那里只花你10分钟).物+cost+(sb.)+money,(The dictionary cost me 20 yuan.我花20元钱买了那本词典)

98.do with+sb./sth.(What have you done with the pork?那些肉你怎么处理了?)

99.mind+if从句,(Do you mind if I open the window?我开窗你不反对吧?)mind+V-ing,(Would you mind turning on the TV?打开电视你不反对吧?)

100.what…for?/why…?(What do you learn English for?=Why do you learn English?)

101.need+名词(v-ing),(The students need some help.学生们需要帮助.This pair of shoes needs mending.这双鞋需要修理)

102.“be used for+名词(v-ing),”被用来做..(A writing brush is used for writing.)“be used as+名词”,被作为…使用(English is used as the first language in none of these countries.)“be used by+动作执行者”,被…使用

103.be made of由…制造(This table is made of wood.这张课桌是木制的)

be made from由…制成(This kind of paper is made from wood.这种纸是用木材制成的)

be made in+地点,“某地制造”(These cars are made in Germany)

be made by+人,“由谁制造的”(This kite is made by Kate.)

104.more developed countries发达国家less developed countries不发达国家

developing countries发展中国家

105.be worth+money(V-ing),值…钱.值得做…This car is worth more than two million yuan in China.This book is well worth reading.这本书很值得一读.

106.the Summer Palace颐和园Tian’anmen Square天安门广场the Palace Museum故宫the Great Hall of the People人民大会堂the Temple of Heaven天坛

the Great Green Wall绿色长城PLA中国人民解放军PRC中华人民共和国

the Party中国共产党the League共青团Peking Opera京剧

107.so+形/副+that从句(The place is so cold that nothing can grow in winter.这地方太冷,冬天什么都不长)so+many/few+复数名词+that从句(He has so many books that I don’t know which one to borrow.他有那么多书,我不知道借哪一本)

so+much/little+不可数名词+that从句(She has so little money that she can’t buy anything.她钱太少,什么也买不到.)

so+形容词+a/an+单数名词+that从句(This is so good a book that all of us like reading it),such+a/an+形容词+单数名词+that从句(This is such an interesting story that all of us like it),such+形容词+复数名词+that从句.such+形容词+不可数名词+that从句(It is such fine weather today that many children are playing outside)

108.tell sb about sth.告诉某人关于某事tell sb+从句tell sb.to do sth.让某人做某事

tell a lie说谎tell a story讲故事thank you for+n./V-ing谢谢你

…too+adj./adv.+to+v.太…而不能too much(修饰名词)太多,过分

much too(修饰adj./adv.)太

109.hope/wish+不定式(或从句),wish sb.to do sth.What do you mean by…?=What does…mean?…是什么意思?

初中英语动词时态总结

初中英语知识点总结

初中英语现在进行时时态练习题

英语时态总结

初中英语作文:用过去时态描写暑假

知识点总结

同步练习题时态

分词的时态

had过去分词是什么时态

初中英语教研组总结

初中英语时态知识点总结(共20篇)

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