“Joooo”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了18篇og 范文，下面给大家分享og 范文，欢迎阅读!
- 目录
篇1：雅思OG怎么用
雅思OG怎么用?了解用法备考少走弯路
一. 通过雅思OG了解雅思考试
备考初期许多同学对雅思考试还知之甚少，此时则可以通过雅思OG(Official Guide)来了解雅思考试。雅思备考的过程中，有的同学会选择报班，有的同学则选择自学，报班的同学可以由老师来系统解答关于雅思的一系列疑问，但若是选择自学又该如何全面而系统地了解雅思考试呢?最好的办法就是看雅思OG。雅思OG有关于雅思考试的介绍，涉及到各个方面，比如雅思考试的科目，雅思考试科目所包含题目类型，考试时间，评分原则，备考技巧等等。所以建议选择自学的小伙伴在备考之前先总览OG，然后再制定备考攻略。
二. 雅思OG习题可用作强化练习
雅思OG不只有考试的一些指南和技巧，也有整套的雅思模拟练习题，也可以用来在备考中做练习用。剑雅真题是来源于雅思考试的真题，而OG里的题目却并非来源于真题，所以OG作为习题练习的优先级是要放在剑雅真题之后的。做过OG的同学都了解，OG里面的题目真题难度要略高于真题，虽然听力音频语速可能稍慢，但是题目难度却大了不少。建议大家在备考雅思时，做透了剑雅真题以后可以拿OG练习题来做强化练习。虽然OG不如真题，但它毕竟也是官方出品，模拟题的价值也是远大于市面上同类模考题，而且OG每套题目后面都配有详细解析，口语和写作更是有官方给出的范文，这些都是很具有参考价值的。
三. 雅思OG使用注意事项
1. 不建议只用OG备考
有的同学可能会觉得OG有考试指南，有模拟题目，那么雅思备考只用这一本就可以了。雅思OG确实很有价值，但却不能作为唯一备考资料，因为它的题目与真实考试有差异，而且题目内容相对较少。
1. 不建议用来做模考
雅思OG上面虽然有模拟题，但是不建议用来做模考，如果大家在备考之初或者考试前想了解自己的雅思水平，可以用剑雅真题来做模考。OG题目虽然也是官方给出的，但毕竟不是真题，做模考得出的分数并不准确。
2. 不建议一开始就用它做题
我们在上文也提到过，雅思OG上面题目难度整体要高于真题，所以一开始就做可能会因为题目太难而打击自信心，建议将OG题目放在强化阶段练习。
雅思OG是考试官方给出的非常优质的备考资料，可以帮助大家了解考试，学习备考技巧，还能做习题练习，但是OG使用过程中也要了解一些注意事项，比如不要用来做模考，不要一上来就做OG题目等等。
雅思大作文模板：征收交通拥挤税?
In some countries, the government has tried to reduce traffic. For instance, they imposed a congestion tax during rush hour. Do you think this development is positive or negative?
雅思大作文模板范文参考：
The traffic congestion issue has long been a public concern especially in some large cities worldwide. Whether governments should be involved in solving this problem has triggered a heated controversy. It is true that government intervention can bring some benefits to some extent, it is opposed by some people though.
Undoubtedly, governments posses greater authority than any other parties in the society, which means their intervention is comparatively effective. For example, the implement of congestion tax can directly lead to the deadline of traffic during those rush hours because of the increasing driving cost. Another advantage of government intervention is that governments can impact the public to a wider extent. Unlike some actions taken by the social communities, large companies or individuals, the projects carried out by governments have restrictions on every citizen living in the city or country. Once the traffic congestion is reduced, there will be many positive effects followed by, for instance, the commuting time can be largely reduced for those who need to travel to and from work.
On the other hand, the extra tax raised by the government will impose a negative effect on some people. One potential group influenced by this policy are those who have to drive to and from work. If this measure comes into effect, the financial burden on them is definitely higher. As a result, the well-being of these people may experience a deadline, which is against the aim of government policies.
In conclusion, benefits and drawbacks co-exits in terms of this tax policy. It can effectively solve the traffic problems to a large extent, while some damages can be caused to those who are taxed especially in the financial way.
雅思大作文模板：青少年犯罪类问题
A recent newspaper article reports that a 14-year-old boy who seriously destroyed his school got a punishment to clean streets instead of sent to the prison, do you think this is right, or the young criminals should be sent to the jail?
雅思大作文模板范文参考：
Children nowadays are exposed in a diversified environment where they have absolute access to internet, being able to befriend with people from a variety of backgrounds. This may result in children’s antisocial behavior and there is a beat debate on whether teenagers who commit serious crimes should be punished by doing some volunteering jobs or being imprisoned.
Contributing to their community can be an effective way to tell them that they are victimizing other people. One argument in its favor is that they are immature. It would be a difficult thing to predict the consequences of their behavior and law knowledge not be sufficiently acquired at that young age. Another important factor in this respect is that they are formable in character compared to adult criminal, thus it is better to educate them. Doing something valuable to their society can embed a sense of responsibility in them and give them an opportunity to reflect on their deviance, which will truly rectify their criminality.
However, of course those who advocate custody sentence may have some plausibility to some extent. Allowing them to recognize their mistakes is the priority of taking adolescent law breakers into prison. One received harsh penalty, preventing persistent crime seems to be possible. But the believers of this have ignored the issue over what if they are negatively influenced by other prisoners? How should they face the society with an ex-record especially when finding jobs.
In conclusion, I therefore believe that having faith in the young who go astray cannot be a more effective way to solve raging young criminal activities and taking responsibility for their living surroundings is the best way to do this.
篇2：雅思OG听力使用指南
雅思OG听力使用指南 你有没有用错OG?
一. 雅思OG听力价值如何
我们在上文中提到，雅思OG听力中包含一些考试技巧和习题，每套练习题还配备有详细的答案解析，所以如果善加利用，还是很有价值的。但是，雅思OG听力部分与雅思真题(剑雅真题)有些差异，有做过雅思OG听力的同学反馈，听力题目难度稍逊色于雅思真题，第六套到第八套与听力真题难度相差不大。
二. 雅思OG听力什么时候使用
雅思OG听力的使用分为两个时间段：第一个，备考初期，此时可以通过雅思OG听力来了解雅思听力考试，学习做题技巧和方法，也可以用OG听力测试一下自己的雅思听力水平;第二个，备考中后期，大家已经刷完了剑雅真题，手头没有多少可以做的题目，此时可以使用雅思OG中的八套试卷的听力题来做练习。虽然难度与雅思真题有些差异，但是相比于其他备考资料还是要胜出一筹，而且题目附带有详细解析，能帮助大家更高效地备考。
三. 雅思OG听力如何使用
1. 初期测试雅思听力水平
备考初期，大家可以使用OG测试一下自己的水平，看一看考试题目类型和难度，对雅思听力考试有个大致的了解。
2. 积累听力场景词汇
雅思OG听力中有很多关于听力场景的词汇，这些词汇一定要积累下来。小站君建议大家将不同的场景词分类记忆，这样可以加快词汇记忆速度。背过的听力场景词汇也要及时回顾复习。
3. 错题积累
雅思OG听力一共有8套，大家在刷完题以后要对照着答案解析纠错，纠错完成后及时积累所有的错题，以便在后期回顾复习。
四. 雅思OG听力获取方法
1. 官方购买
大家可以通过官网购买雅思OG资料，最为正规的渠道也是最为可信的雅思OG获取渠道。一般情况，雅思OG是整套出售的，不会单卖OG听力部分，这一点要知晓。
2. 网上免费下载
很多网站上都有雅思OG听力的电子版和音频资料，这些资料虽然是免费的，但是可能会存在一些问题，比如内容有缺失或内容老旧等等，大家要先甄别再使用。
雅思OG听力是雅思OG的听力部分，OG听力虽不如真题参考价值大，但也是雅思听力备考中不可或缺的优质资料，大家在使用的时候要注意积累词汇和错题。另外，雅思OG可以通过官网购买，也可以自行下载，但是官方购买相对来说质量更高一些。
雅思大作文模版：单一观点式
单一观点式
Statement A about AAA. Do you agree or disagree with this statement? Give specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 1、I full agree with the argument that (1) 支持观点 A. For one thing (2) 支持观点 A 的原因之一。For another, (3) 支持观点 A 的原因之二。History has told us that (4) 历史证明 A 的正确性。 For example, (5) 举例证明。Furthermore, (6) 进一步阐述 A 的正确性。But some people stubbornly cling to (7) 人们反对观点 A. If we listen to these people we will (8) 听从那些人会产生的后果。 In conclusion, I think we should not (9) 我们不应该怎麽做。
On the contrary, we should (10) 我们应该怎麽做。 2、According to the opinion of some people , there are quite different attitudes towards AAA. Some claim that (1) 人们的观点 AAA. However, I can not agree (2) 我反对观点 AAA. First, (3) 我反对 AAA 的第一个理由。That is to say (4) 进一步阐述。 Second, (5) 我反对 AAA 的第二个理由。In fact, (6) 举例说明。 Finally, (7) 我反对 AAA 的第三个理由。To sum up, (8) 总结我的观点。But it is also necessary to stress that (9) 退一步总结。 3、It is often said that (1) 题目所给的观点。Those who hold this view say that (2) 进一步阐述该观点。I disagree with this point of view for the following reasons. The first and goremost one is (3) 我反对的理由之一。History presented many examples(4) 举例说明。 My second reason is (5) 我反对的理由之二。We can learn this from the saying “(6) 用一句谚语说明 ”. Finally, it seems to be true that (7) 此处填入该观点的可取之处。But (8) 我反对的理由之三。All in all, I firmly believe that (9) 总结我的观点。 4、The problem is a much debated one in that it affects everybody in their daily lives. People may prefer one to another, although some have no opinion about it. But if I am concerned, I find it hard to agree with AAA. First of all, (1) 我反对 AAA 的第一个理由。It is common in daily life that(2) 举例说明。Aother thing I should point out is that (3) 我反对 AAA 的第二个理由。Moreover,(4) 我反对 AAA 的第三个理由。In general, AAA may have something right in special cases. But it is necessarity a bad thing to (5)AAA 的缺陷。To my mind, (6) 总结我的观点。 5、There is a growing tendeney these days for people to do AAA. Many people criticize this because they think (1) 人们观点 AAA. They also say that (2) 进一步阐述观点 AAA.
But it seems to me that AAA is useful to (3)AAA 的好处之一。I firmly believe that it is not only useful but also necessary to (4)AAA 的好处之二。Examples can be easily found (5) 举例说明。As a result, (6) 进一步说明 AAA 的好处。So, based on the above discussion, I argue that (7) 总结我的观点。
雅思大作文模版：对立观点式
对立观点式
(一)A or B ,which one do you agree with? Give specific reasons for your answer. (A,B 表示供选择的两种观点。Do C 指题目中提及的某件事情。如：some people prefer A in order to Do C.
1、A much debated issue these days is whether A or B. Some people say that A. Others claim B. For my part, I agree with those who stree A. Sudies have shown that (1) 赞同 A 的原因之一。Moreover, (2) 赞同 A 的原因之二。Nevertheless, it would be a mistake to discount the impact of B. We all know that (3) 列举 B 的优势。For instance, (4) 举例说明 B 的优势。However, I think that without A,B will fail to (5) 总结观点。
2、Some people hold the opinion of A. Others, however, believe B. there are advantages and disadvantages on both sides. Accounting to my personality and foundness, I would prefer A rather than B. Although B(1)B 的优势，there is no evidence to suggest that B is better than A. Firstly, (2) 选择 A 的第一个原因。Secendly, (3) 选择 A 的第二个原因。 We can see that (4) 举例说明选择 A 的第二个原因。Furthermore, (5) 选择 A 的第三个原因。 For instance, ( 6 )举例说明选择 A 的第三个原因。So, as I see it, (7) 总结观点。
3、As for the question that which is better, A or B, different people have different opinions. A has its advantages, but at the mean time, it has many disadvantages. In my point of view, I would prefer B. First of all, (1) 支持 B 的原因之一。For example, (2) 举例说明支持 B 的原因之一。Another reason is that (3) 支持 B 的原因之二。The third reason, however, goes this way: (4) 支持 B 的原因之三。So from what has been discussed, one can reach only this conclusion that (5) 重申观点。 4、Some people believe A, they point out the fact that (1) 人们支持 A 的原因。However, other people believe B. They hold that (2) 人们支持 B 的原因。As far as I’m concerned, I prefer A. As we all know (3) 我支持 A 的原因之一。I remrember (4) 举例说明。In addition, (5) 我支持 A 的原因之二。On the other hand, (6) 从反面论证 A 的优势。Last but not least, (7) 我支持 A 的原因之三。As a matter of fact, there are also some disadvantages in A ，such as (8) 举例说明 A 的劣势。But these can be compensated by its advantages. 5、There are two different views on the matter of DOING C. Some people believe that (1) 支持的观点 A. By this , they argue that (2) 进一步阐述观点 A. For example,(3) 举例说明。Others hold, on the other hand, that (4) 反对的观点 B 。Forthermore,(5) 进一步阐述观点 B. For instance,(6) 举例说明观点 B 。Considering the views on the two sides, I prefer to put weight to the pros rather than cons. Personally, (7) 我支持 A 的原因。
篇3：托福口语OG官方解析
托福口语OG官方解析
托福口语OG:The first two tasks are independent speaking tasks on topics familiar to you. They ask you to draw upon your own ideas, opinions, and experiences when responding. (However, you can respond with any idea, opinion, or experience relevant to completing the task.)
前两题是独立口语部分，要求答题者就一个独立话题进行作答，观点不论对错，只需言之有理就行。这里的得分点不在于观点的对错，在于内容的支撑，最好的方式是通过举例子来支撑你的观点;连接词的使用会有额外的加分。备考建议：平时的练习过程中注意好素材的积累。准备的素材不需要多，但是每一个素材要有丰富的代表性，可以在多个题目中反复使用来达到高效备考的目的。
OG:The remaining four tasks are integrated tasks where you must use more than one skill when responding. First read and listen, and then speak in response. You can take notes and use those notes when responding to the speaking tasks. At least one requires you to relate the information from the reading and the listening material.
后四个题是综合口语部分，该部分要求考生结合听力或者阅读材料进行作答。该部分中，考生听到的题材涉及大学校园的方方面面。这四题考察学生对于听力、阅读材料的整合能力，同时要求学生能够流畅的表述出来。备考建议：练习时可以准备自己的模板，因为题目的答题模式比较固定，只要熟练掌握答题方式，这四题难度不大。
托福口语备考：OG比机经更有效
托福考试之前，认真研究OG可以比研究机经更有意义。
首先可以理解，考生在托福口语考试中面临两点压力(pressure)：
时间紧、任务重。托福口语的答案准备时间只有15-30秒，答题只有45/60秒，没有考前的大量训练(training)，这种脱口而出的素质是不可能具备的。
要迅速呈现“完整的答案”，要有层次。即使我们已经积累了大量的素材也不一定能立刻想到完美的答案。
所以备考时，独立部分要认真做真题，这一部分真题很多，练到一定量就有了一定积累，能够做到兵来将挡水来土掩。同时用考试的真实境况，模拟练习(exercise)，从而达到提高口头表达能力的目的。
综合部分可选读一篇长短适中的文章，提炼出纲领性的要点(key point)，在提炼要点的基础上锻炼用口头表述来进行总结(summarize);针对一些相同话题的阅读和听力材料进行有效练习。学会口头提炼和总结这些阅读和听力材料;在此基础上口头表述重要的信息，并解释其中相互之间的关联。
临场表现亦很重要，许多考生不自信，这会严重影响口语这门注重表现力的考试的发挥。
导致这种状况的原因可能是缺乏口语练习，导致考生在答题时表现得不自信;或性格过于内敛，导致考生在答题时表现得不够张扬。场上表现得不够自信和大方不是形式上的问题，而是本质问题，不但会使得语音语调把握不准，还会使得熟记的理由也不翼而飞。出现各种口头错误或是en，ah等打结停顿。
所以多加练习，提高实力才是关键。同时要逼迫自己表现地自信(confidence)，知道信以为真。
许多考生的口语答案写得非常漂亮，但是说出来却没有应有的表现力。症结在于语音不准确、语调无起伏、语言不流利、结结巴巴(虽说新托福口语主要考查交际、交流能力，但语音、语调和重音都会影响到成绩)。
所以建议考生在准备得时候适当地了解语音语调方面的知识(knowledge)，提前发现并纠正自己的语音语调错误(mistake)。每天坚持大声、清晰、准确地跟读一些听力素材，可以直接用口语的听力部分做素材，大声跟读。
托福口语的备考也是一个艰辛的过程，大家熟读OG之后，更多的是要多多练习。
OG评分标准：托福口语
关于评分标准，OG (Official Guide官方指南) 上都有详细的说明，ETS以下列3点作为自己的评分准则：
1. Delivery: How clear your speech is. Good responses are those in which the speech is fluid and clear, with good pronunciation, natural pacing, and natural-sounding intonation patterns。
2. Language Use: How effectively you use grammar and vocabulary to convey your ideas. Raters will be looking to see how well you can control both basic and more complex language structures and use appropriate vocabulary。
3. Topic Development: How fully you answer the question and how coherently you present your ideas. Good responses generally use all or most of the time allotted, and the relationship between ideas and the progression from one idea to the next is clear and easy to follow。
新托福口语考试的重点是要培养考生尽量做到使自己的语言流畅、清晰、易懂，并且能够熟练使用口语词汇。其中托福口语中的“流畅”要求考生要以较流畅的语速表述自己的观点，其实也是提醒考生必须有效利用时间。通常内容越丰富、信息量越大，越容易得高分。而清晰、易懂不仅要求考生的语音、语调应当尽量符合美国当地的用词用句习惯，更重要的是要求考生应恰当使用词汇、句型并且话语的层次应尽量清楚明了、过渡自然。
篇4：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 5
Since the Hawaiian Islands have never been connected to other land masses, the great variety of plants in Hawaii must be a result of the long-distance dispersal of seeds, a process that requires both a method of transport and an equivalence between the ecology of the source area and that of the recipient area.
There is some dispute about the method of transport involved. Some biologists argue that ocean and air currents are responsible for the transport of plant seeds to Hawaii. Yet the results of flotation experiments and the low temperatures of air currents cast doubt on these hypotheses. More probable is bird transport, either externally, by accidental attachment of the seeds to feathers, or internally, by the swallowing of fruit and subsequent excretion of the seeds. While it is likely that fewer varieties of plant seeds have reached Hawaii externally than internally, more varieties are known to be adapted to external than to internal transport.
1. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with
A. discussing different approaches biologists have taken to testing theories about the distribution of plants in Hawaii
B. discussing different theories about the transport of plant seeds to Hawaii
C. discussing the extent to which air currents are responsible for the dispersal of plant seeds to Hawaii
D. resolving a dispute about the adaptability of plant seeds to bird transport
E. resolving a dispute about the ability of birds to carry plant seeds long distances
2. The author mentions the results of flotation experiments on plant seeds (lines 7–8) most probably in order to
A. support the claim that the distribution of plants in Hawaii is the result of the long-distance dispersal of seeds
B. lend credibility to the thesis that air currents provide a method of transport for plant seeds to Hawaii
C. suggest that the long-distance dispersal of seeds is a process that requires long periods of time
D. challenge the claim that ocean currents are responsible for the transport of plant seeds to Hawaii
E. refute the claim that Hawaiian flora evolved independently from flora in other parts of the world
篇5：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 1
Reviving the practice of using elements of popular music in classical composition, an approach that had been in hibernation in the United States during the 1960s, composer Philip Glass (born 1937) embraced the ethos of popular music without imitating it. Glass based two symphonies on music by rock musicians David Bowie and Brian Eno, but the symphonies’ sound is distinctively his. Popular elements do not appear out of place in Glass’s classical music, which from its early days has shared certain harmonies and rhythms with rock music. Yet this use of popular elements has not made Glass a composer of popular music. His music is not a version of popular music packaged to attract classical listeners; it is high art for listeners steeped in rock rather than the classics.
1. The passage addresses which of the following issues related to Glass’s use of popular elements in his classical compositions?
A. How it is regarded by listeners who prefer rock to the classics
B. How it has affected the commercial success of Class’s music
C. Whether it has contributed to a revival of interest among other composers in using popular elements in their compositions
D. Whether it has had a detrimental effect on Glass’s reputation as a composer of classical music
E. Whether it has caused certain of Glass’s works to be derivative in quality
2. The passage suggests that Glass’s work displays which of the following qualities?
A. A return to the use of popular music in classical compositions
B. An attempt to elevate rock music to an artistic status more closely approximating that of classical music
C. A long-standing tendency to incorporate elements from two apparently disparate musical styles
3. Select the sentence that distinguishes two ways of integrating rock and classical music.
篇6：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 3
Was Felix Mendelssohn (1809–1847) a great composer? On its face, the question seems absurd. One of the most gifted prodigies in the history of music, he produced his first masterpiece at sixteen. From then on, he was recognized as an artist of preternatural abilities, not only as a composer but also as a pianist and conductor. But Mendelssohn’s enduring popularity has often been at odds — sometimes quite sharply — with his critical standing. Despite general acknowledgment of his genius, there has been a noticeable reluctance to rank him with, say, Schumann or Brahms. As Haggin put it, Mendelssohn, as a composer, was a “minor master…working on a small scale of emotion and texture.”
1. Select a sentence in the passage whose function is to indicate the range of Mendelssohn’s musical talents.
2. The passage suggests that anyone attempting to evaluate Mendelssohn’s career must confront which of the following dichotomies?
A. The tension between Mendelssohn’s career as a composer and his career as a pianist and conductor
B. The contrast between Mendelssohn’s popularity and that of Schumann and Brahms
C. The discrepancy between Mendelssohn’s popularity and his standing among critics
D. The inconsistency between Mendelssohn’s reputation during his lifetime and his reputation since his death
E. The gap between Mendelssohn’s prodigious musical beginnings and his decline in later years.
3. The author mentions Schumann and Brahms primarily in order to
A. provide examples of composers who are often compared with Mendelssohn
B. identify certain composers who are more popular than Mendelssohn
C. identify composers whom Mendelssohn influenced
D. establish the milieu in which Mendelssohn worked
E. establish a standard of comparison for Mendelssohn as a composer
篇7：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 2
A person who agrees to serve as mediator between two warring factions at the request of both abandons by so agreeing the right to take sides later. To take sides at a later point would be to suggest that the earlier presumptive impartiality was a sham.
1. The passage above emphasizes which of the following points about mediators?
A. They should try to form no opinions of their own about any issue that is related to the dispute.
B. They should not agree to serve unless they are committed to maintaining a stance of impartiality.
C. They should not agree to serve unless they are equally acceptable to all parties to a dispute.
D. They should feel free to take sides in the dispute right from the start, provided that they make their biases publicly known.
E. They should reserve the right to abandon their impartiality so as not to be open to the charge of having been deceitful.
篇8：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 6
I enjoyed A Dream of Light & Shadow: Portraits of Latin American Women Writers for the same reasons that, as a child, I avidly consumed women’s biographies: the fascination with how the biographical details of another female’s life are represented and interpreted.
A Dream offers a rich read, varied in both the lives and texts of the women portrayed, and the perspectives and styles of the sixteen essayists. Yet, as an adult, I have come to demand of any really “great” book a self-consciousness about the tenuous nature of representations of reality, a critical contextualization of florid detail, and a self-awareness of the role of ideology in our lives. In these critical senses, A Dream is inadequate.
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
1. The author of the passage suggests that A Dream falls short in which of the following respects?
A. It does not appear to recognize that representations of reality can be unreliable.
B. It seems to focus on stylistic variety at the expense of accuracy of detail.
C. It offers a wealth of detail without sufficient critical examination of that detail.
2. Which of the following best describes the function of the second sentence (“A Dream . . . essayists”) in the context of the passage as a whole?
A. To give examples of how A Dream presents fascinating portraits that display awareness of the tenuous nature of representations of reality
B. To elaborate on how A Dream fulfills the author’s childhood criteria for a pleasurable book
C. To suggest that the author enjoyed A Dream for reasons more sophisticated than the reasons she enjoyed certain books as a child
D. To illustrate ways in which the author finds A Dream to be inadequate in certain critical senses
E. To imply that A Dream is too varied in focus to provide a proper contextualization of the biographical details it offers
篇9：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 4
While most scholarship on women’s employment in the United States recognizes that the Second World War (1939–1945) dramatically changed the role of women in the workforce, these studies also acknowledge that few women remained in manufacturing jobs once men returned from the war. But in agriculture, unlike other industries where women were viewed as temporary workers, women’s employment did not end with the war. Instead, the expansion of agriculture and a steady decrease in the number of male farmworkers combined to cause the industry to hire more women in the postwar years.
Consequently, the 1950s saw a growing number of women engaged in farm labor, even though rhetoric in the popular media called for the return of women to domestic life.
1. It can be inferred from the passage that the manufacturing and agricultural sectors in the United States following the Second World War differed in which of the following respects?
A. The rate of expansion in each sector
B. The percentage of employees in each sector who were men
C. The trend in the wages of men employed in each sector
D. The attitude of the popular media toward the employment of women in each sector
E. The extent to which women in each sector were satisfied with their jobs
2. Which of the following statements about women’s employment in the United States during and after the Second World War is most clearly supported by the passage?
A. Most women who joined the workforce during the Second World War wanted to return to domestic life when the war ended.
B. The great majority of women who joined the workforce during the Second
World War were employed in manufacturing jobs.
C. The end of the Second World War was followed by a large-scale transfer of women workers from manufacturing to agriculture.
D. The increase in women’s employment that accompanied the Second World
War was longer lasting in agriculture than it was in manufacturing.
E. The popular media were more forceful in calling for women to join the workforce during the Second World War than in calling for women to return to domestic life after the war.
篇10：GRE阅读真题之OG
GRE阅读真题之OG Passage 72016-09-21 17:25来源：新东方网整理作者：分享到 新东方网GRE频道在此和大家分享GRE官方指南中的阅读真题，希望对大家准备GRE阅读有所帮助。
OG-1
Passage 7
During the day in Lake Constance, the zooplankton D. hyalina departs for the depths where food is scarce and the water cold. D. galeata remains near the warm surface where food is abundant. Even though D. galeata grows and reproduces much faster, its population is often outnumbered by D. hyalina.
1. Which of the following, if true, would help resolve the apparent paradox presented above?
A. The number of species of zooplankton living at the bottom of the lake is twice that of species living at the surface.
B. Predators of zooplankton, such as whitefish and perch, live and feed near the surface of the lake during the day.
C. In order to make the most of scarce food resources, D. hyalina matures more slowly than D. galeata.
D. D. galeata clusters under vegetation during the hottest part of the day to avoid the Sun’s rays.
E. D. galeata produces twice as many offspring per individual in any given period of time as does D. hyalina.
篇11：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 8
Tocqueville, apparently, was wrong. Jacksonian America was not a fluid, egalitarian society where individual wealth and poverty were ephemeral conditions. At least so argues E. Pessen in his iconoclastic study of the very rich in the United States between 1825 and 1850.
Pessen does present a quantity of examples, together with some refreshingly intelligible statistics, to establish the existence of an inordinately wealthy class. Though active in commerce or the professions, most of the wealthy were not self-made but had inherited family fortunes. In no sense mercurial, these great fortunes survived the financial panics that destroyed lesser ones. Indeed, in several cities the wealthiest one percent constantly increased its share until by 1850 it owned half of the community’s wealth. Although these observations are true, Pessen overestimates their importance by concluding from them that the undoubted progress toward inequality in the late eighteenth century continued in the Jacksonian period and that the United States was a class-ridden, plutocratic society even before industrialization.
1. According to the passage, Pessen indicates that all of the following were true of the very wealthy in the United States between 1825 and 1850 EXCEPT:
A. They formed a distinct upper class.
B. Many of them were able to increase their holdings.
C. Some of them worked as professionals or in business.
D. Most of them accumulated their own fortunes.
E. Many of them retained their wealth in spite of financial upheavals.
2. Which of the following best states the author’s main point?
A. Pessen’s study has overturned the previously established view of the social and economic structure of early-nineteenth-century America.
B. Tocqueville’s analysis of the United States in the Jacksonian era remains the definitive account of this period.
C. Pessen’s study is valuable primarily because it shows the continuity of the social system in the United States throughout the nineteenth century.
D. The social patterns and political power of the extremely wealthy in the
United States between 1825 and 1850 are well documented.
E. Pessen challenges a view of the social and economic systems in the United
States from 1825 to 1850, but he draws conclusions that are incorrect.
篇12：GRE阅读真题之OG
OG-1
Passage 9
The evolution of intelligence among early large mammals of the grasslands was due in great measure to the interaction between two ecologically synchronized groups of these animals, the hunting carnivores and the herbivores that they hunted. The interaction resulting from the differences between predator and prey led to a general improvement in brain functions; however, certain components of intelligence were improved far more than others.
The kind of intelligence favored by the interplay of increasingly smarter catcher sand increasingly keener escapers is defined by attention — that aspect of mind carrying consciousness forward from one moment to the next. It ranges from a passive, freefloating awareness to a highly focused, active fixation. The range through these states is mediated by the arousal system, a network of tracts converging from sensory systems to integrating centers in the brain stem. From the more relaxed to the more vigorous levels, sensitivity to novelty is increased. The organism is more awake, more vigilant; this increased vigilance results in the apprehension of ever more subtle signals as the organism becomes more sensitive to its surroundings. The processes of arousal and concentration give attention its direction. Arousal is at first general, with a flooding of impulses in the brain stem; then gradually the activation is channeled. Thus begins concentration, the holding of consistent images. One meaning of intelligence is the way in which these images and other alertly searched information are used in the context of previous experience. Consciousness links past attention to the present and permits the integration of details with perceived ends and purposes.
The elements of intelligence and consciousness come together marvelously to produce different styles in predator and prey. Herbivores and carnivores develop different kinds of attention related to escaping or chasing. Although in both kinds of animal, arousal stimulates the production of adrenaline and norepinephrine by the adrenal glands, the effect in herbivores is primarily fear, whereas in carnivores the effect is primarily aggression. For both, arousal attunes the animal to what is ahead. Perhaps it does not experience forethought as we know it, but the animal does experience something like it. The predator is searchingly aggressive, inner-directed, tuned by the nervous system and the adrenal hormones, but aware in a sense closer to human consciousness than, say, a hungry lizard’s instinctive snap at a passing beetle. Using past events as a framework, the large mammal predator is working out a relationship between movement and food, sensitive to possibilities in cold trails and distant sounds—and yesterday’s unforgotten lessons. The herbivore prey is of a different mind. Its mood of wariness rather than searching and its attitude of general expectancy instead of anticipating are silk-thin veils of tranquility over an explosive endocrine system.
1. The author refers to a hungry lizard (line 31) primarily in order to
A. demonstrate the similarity between the hunting methods of mammals and those of nonmammals
B. broaden the application of the argument by including an insectivore as an example
C. make a distinction between higher and lower levels of consciousness
D. provide an additional illustration of the brutality characteristic of predators
E. offer an objection to suggestions that all animals lack consciousness line
2. It can be inferred from the passage that in animals less intelligent than the mammals discussed in the passage
A. past experience is less helpful in ensuring survival
B. attention is more highly focused
C. muscular coordination is less highly developed
D. there is less need for competition among species
E. environment is more important in establishing the proper ratio of prey to predator
3. According to the passage, improvement in brain function among early large mammals resulted primarily from which of the following?
A. Interplay of predator and prey
B. Persistence of free-floating awareness in animals of the grasslands
C. Gradual dominance of warm-blooded mammals over cold-blooded reptiles
D. Interaction of early large mammals with less intelligent species
E. Improvement of the capacity for memory among herbivores and carnivores
4. According to the passage, as the process of arousal in an organism continues, all of the following may occur EXCEPT
A. the production of adrenaline
B. the production of norepinephrine
C. a heightening of sensitivity to stimuli
D. an increase in selectivity with respect to stimuli
E. an expansion of the range of states mediated by the brain stem
| 5 | B | D | ||
| 6 | AC | B | ||
| 7 | B | |||
| 8 | D | E | ||
| 9 | C | A | A | E |
篇13：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 20
Sparva, unlike Treland’s other provinces, requires automobile insurers to pay for any medical treatment sought by someone who has been involved in an accident; in the other provinces, insurers pay for nonemergency treatment only if they preapprove the treatment. Clearly, Sparva’s less restrictive policy must be the explanation for the fact that altogether insurers there pay for far more treatments after accidents than insurers in other provinces, even though Sparva does not have the largest population.
1. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. Car insurance costs more in Sparva than in any other province.
B. The cost of medical care in Sparva is higher than the national average.
C. Different insurance companies have different standards for determining what constitutes emergency treatment.
D. Fewer insurance companies operate in Sparva than in any other province.
E. There are fewer traffic accidents annually in Sparva than in any of the provinces of comparable or greater population.
篇14：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 21
Elements of the Philosophy of Newton, published by Voltaire in 1738, was an early attempt to popularize the scientific ideas of Isaac Newton. In the book’s frontispiece, Voltaire is seen writing at his desk, and over him a shaft of light from heaven, the light of truth, passes through Newton to Voltaire’s collaborator Madame du Ch?telet; she reflects that light onto the inspired Voltaire. Voltaire’s book commanded a wide audience, according to Feingold, because “he was neither a mathematician nor a physicist, but a literary giant aloof from the academic disputes over Newtonian ideas.” In other words, Voltaire’s amateurism in science “was a source of his contemporary appeal, demonstrating for the first time the accessibility of Newton’s ideas to nonspecialists.”
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
1. Which of the following statements about Voltaire’s Elements of the Philosophy of Newton can be inferred from the passage?
A. Voltaire’s literary stature helped secure a large audience for this attempt to popularize Newton’s ideas.
B. Voltaire’s status as a nonscientist was an advantage in this effort to bring Newtonian science to the attention of the general public.
C. The frontispiece of the book implies that Voltaire’s understanding of Newton’s ideas was not achieved without assistance.
2. Select the sentence that describes an allegory for Voltaire’s acquisition of knowledge concerning Newton’s ideas.
篇15：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 22
It would be expected that a novel by a figure as prominent as W. E. B. DuBois would attract the attention of literary critics. Additionally, when the novel subtly engages the issue of race, as DuBois’ The Quest of the Silver Fleece (1911) does, it would be a surprise not to encounter an abundance of scholarly work about that text. But though valuable scholarship has examined DuBois’ political and historical thought, his novels have received scant attention. Perhaps DuBois the novelist must wait his turn behind DuBois the philosopher, historian, and editor. But what if the truth lies elsewhere: what if his novels do not speak to current concerns?
1. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage regarding DuBois’ The Quest of the Silver Fleece?
A. The lack of attention devoted to The Quest of the Silver Fleece can be attributed to the fact that it was DuBois’ first novel.
B. Among DuBois’ novels, The Quest of the Silver Fleece is unusual in that it has received scant attention from scholars.
C. The Quest of the Silver Fleece has at least one feature that typically would attract the attention of literary scholars.
D. The Quest of the Silver Fleece, given its subtle exploration of race, is probably the best novel written by DuBois.
E. Much of the scholarly work that has focused on The Quest of the Silver Fleece has been surprisingly critical of it.
2. In the fourth sentence (“Perhaps DuBois . . . editor.”), the author of the passage is most likely suggesting that
A. scholars will find that DuBois’ novels are more relevant to current concerns than is his work as philosopher, historian, and editor
B. more scholarly attention will be paid to The Quest of the Silver Fleece than to DuBois’ other novels
C. DuBois’ novels will come to overshadow his work as philosopher, historian, and editor
D. DuBois’ novels may eventually attract greater scholarly interest than they have to date
E. it will be shown that DuBois’ work as philosopher, historian, and editor had an important influence on his work as novelist
3. Which of the following best describes the central issue with which the passage is concerned?
A. The perfunctoriness of much of the critical work devoted to DuBois’ novels
B. The nature of DuBois’ engagement with the issue of race in The Quest of the Silver Fleece
C. Whether DuBois’ novels are of high quality and relevant to current concerns
D. The relationship between DuBois the novelist and DuBois the philosopher, historian, and editor
E. The degree of consideration that has been given to DuBois’ novels, including The Quest of the Silver Fleece
篇16：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 23
Saturn’s giant moon Titan is the only planetary satellite with a significant atmosphere and the only body in the solar system other than Earth that has a thick atmosphere dominated by molecular nitrogen. For a long time, the big question about Titan’s atmosphere was how it could be so thick, given that Jupiter’s moons Ganymede and Callisto, which are the same size as Titan, have none. The conditions for acquiring and retaining a thick nitrogen atmosphere are now readily understood. The low temperature of the protosaturnian nebula enabled Titan to acquire the moderately volatile compounds methane and ammonia (later converted to nitrogen) in addition to water. The higher temperatures of Jupiter’s moons, which were closer to the Sun, prevented them from acquiring such an atmosphere.
1. According to the passage, Titan differs atmospherically from Ganymede and Callisto because of a difference in
A. rate of heat loss
B. proximity to the Sun
C. availability of methane and ammonia
D. distance from its planet
E. size
篇17：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 24
Observations of the Arctic reveal that the Arctic Ocean is covered by less ice each summer than the previous summer. If this warming trend continues, within 50 years the Arctic Ocean will be ice free during the summer months. This occurrence would in itself have little or no effect on global sea levels, since the melting of ice floating in water does not affect the water level. However, serious consequences to sea levels would eventually result, because __________.
1. Which of the following most logically completes the passage?
A. large masses of floating sea ice would continue to form in the wintertime
B. significant changes in Arctic sea temperatures would be accompanied by changes in sea temperatures in more temperate parts of the world
C. such a warm Arctic Ocean would trigger the melting of massive landbased glaciers in the Arctic
D. an ice-free Arctic Ocean would support a very different ecosystem than it does presently
E. in the spring, melting sea ice would cause more icebergs to be created and to drift south into shipping routes
篇18：GRE阅读真题之OG精选
OG-1
Passage 25
In a recent study, David Cressy examines two central questions concerning English immigration to New England in the 1630s: what kinds of people immigrated and why? Using contemporary literary evidence, shipping lists, and customs records, Cressy finds that most adult immigrants were skilled in farming or crafts, were literate, and were organized in families. Each of these characteristics sharply distinguishes the 21,000 people who left for New England in the 1630s from most of the approximately 377,000 English people who had immigrated to America by 1700.
With respect to their reasons for immigrating, Cressy does not deny the frequently noted fact that some of the immigrants of the 1630s, most notably the organizers and clergy, advanced religious explanations for departure, but he finds that such explanations usually assumed primacy only in retrospect. When he moves beyond the principal actors, he finds that religious explanations were less frequently offered, and he concludes that most people immigrated because they were recruited by promises of material improvement.
For the following question, consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.
1. The passage indicates that Cressy would agree with which of the following statements about the organizers among the English immigrants to New England in the 1630s?
A. Some of them offered a religious explanation for their immigration.
B. They did not offer any reasons for their immigration until some time after they had immigrated.
C. They were more likely than the average immigrant to be motivated by material considerations.
2. Select the sentence that provides Cressy’s opinion about what motivated English immigrants to go to New England in the 1630s.
“When … movement.”
3. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with
A
A. summarizing the findings of an investigation
B. analyzing a method of argument
C. evaluating a point of view
D. hypothesizing about a set of circumstances
E. establishing categories
| 20 | E | |||
| 21 | ABC | “In … Voltaire.” | ||
| 22 | C | D | E | |
| 23 | B | |||
| 24 | C | |||
| 25 | A | “When … movement.” | A |
og 范文（共18篇）
