英语中的副词是什么意思和用法

时间:2022-12-13 05:51:59 作者:xxvvjj 综合材料 收藏本文 下载本文

“xxvvjj”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了8篇英语中的副词是什么意思和用法,下面是小编整理后的英语中的副词是什么意思和用法,希望对大家有所帮助。

篇1:英语中副词语法知识:副词修饰动词

副词是描绘动作快慢、频率、方式、程度等内容的一类词。

副词主要修饰动词和形容词。就像形容词给名词增添许多性质、特征、类别等丰富内容一样,副词给动词和形容词增添十分丰富的关于速度、频率、程度、方式、时间等方面的信息,所以语言有了形容词和副词,描述和描绘功能就大大增强了。

副词也有原级、比较级和最高级,其构成和用法与形容词基本相同,这就可以省些力气重新学习了。

1.副词修饰动词

动词+副词/副词+动词, run fast/alwayss ay

2.副词修饰形容词

副词+形容词,very high

3.副词修饰数词

副词+数词,about 8

4.副词修饰副词

副词+副词,rather slowly

5.副词修饰名词

名词+副词,the guests here

6.副词修饰介词词级

副词+介词词级,well into night

7. 副词修饰整个句子

副词+句子,fortunately,…

副词修饰动词:

副词修饰动词时大多数放在动词后面(动词带宾语则放在宾语后),只有一些表示频率、否定、程度的副词常放在动词前面。

大多数放在动词后:

study hard努力地学习(动词+副词)

speak fluently流利地说

speak Chinese very fast很快地说中文

invite themto come in politely礼貌地请他们进来

副词放在动词后面修饰动词同后置定语放在被修饰名词后起修饰作用有遥相呼应、一脉相承的风格。可见英语的总体习惯是被修饰的中心词在前,辅助性的修饰词语放在后面,就像主语在前,谓语在后一样。这个突出的特点正好下中文相反。

少数副词放在动词前面:

often practice 经常练习(副词+动词)

always go shopping 老是去逛商店

never do it决不做那种事

greatly encourage us 大大地鼓励我们

篇2:英语目的状语引导词用法

一、in order that引导目的状语从句,that后面加从句。例如:

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习以便能考试及格。

在这里注意与in order to的区别,in order to+动词原形 ( in order to后面加的那个不叫目的状语从句,叫目的状语) 例如:

He got up early in order to take the first bus.

= He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.

他起床很早是为了赶上第一班 公共汽车

目的状语从句的一个特点:由于目的都是未来的行为,所以从句中一般用表示未来可能性时态,比如上面句中的could。当然还可以用will,would,can,等 。

二、so that既可引导目的状语从句,也可以引导结果状语从句。

Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 讲清楚些,以便他们能理解你。

1)其引导结果状语从句时,so that翻译为“以至于...”,经常可以和so/such...that...转换,且从句只能放在主句之后。例如:

He got up late so that he was late for school. = He got up so late that he was late for school.

他起晚了,所以他上学迟到了。

2)其引导目的状语从句时,从句只能放在主句之后,此时可以和in order that换用。例如:

He got up early so that he could take the first bus. = He got up early in order that he could take the first bus.

为了赶上第一班公交车,他很早起床了。

3)He came in quietly in order that he shouldn’t wake his wife. / He came in quietly in order not to wake his wife. 他轻轻进来,以免把他妻子吵醒。

三、对于目的状语从句的考查,多以单选和完形填空的形式,从连词的意义角度让大家选择连词。例如:

Ann listened carefully _____ she could discover what she needed.

A. such that B. in order that C. because D. even though

解析:题干的意思是“为了能够发现自己需要的东西,安认真听讲”。很明显从句表示的是目的。such that本身是错误短语,because 表示原因,even though是“尽管”的意思,不符合题意。答案:B

四、需要注意的易错点:如何区别目的状语从句中的so that与结果状语从句中的so that的用法,这是我们需要注意的。目的状语从句的so that是连着的,结果状语从句是分开的,即so…that. so that是目的状语从句,是为了什么什么,有目的的含义。而so…that是结果状语从句,是“如此怎么怎么样结果是什么”。例如:

I get up so early I can not be late

A. that B . so that C.such that D.in order

解析:题干的意思是“我起床如此早以便于我可以不迟到”。从句表示目的,首先排除C,因为such that本身是错误短语,在排除in order,因为它后面不能跟句子;因为句子中有so,所以大家可能选A,如果选它,那句子的意思是“我起床如此早结果我可以不迟到”,显然说不通,所以排除。答案: B

相关阅读:

January blues means people spend 15 hours a day at home - causing “cabin fever”.

“一月忧郁”指人们每天在家待的时间长达15个小时,引发了“幽居病”。

Cabin Fever is a real phenomenon that takes place during the dark winter months, particularly January.

幽居病是在阴郁的冬天特别是一月份发生的一种真实现象。

The lack of sunlight can make us feel lethargic and depressed, and the lack of exercise and the fact that we are cooped up in a stuffy, centrally-heated house can make us feel edgy, irritable and stressed, said a behavioural psychologist.

行为心理学家表示,缺少阳光会让我们昏昏欲睡、心情抑郁,而缺少锻炼,成天待在不通风的集中供暖的屋子里,则让我们焦躁易怒,精神紧张。

The January blues struck 38 percent with under 25s being the worst hit at 48 percent and almost half of Brits said January was the most depressing month of the year.

英国有38%的人遭受“一月忧郁”的困扰,其中25岁以下的人受创最严重,忧郁者多达48%。此外,近半数英国人称一月是一年中最令人抑郁的月份。

January is the worst month for couples.

对于情侣来说,一月是最糟糕的一个月份。

Average Brits argue rise to an average of eight minutes a day during the month - and two thirds have broken up with a lover at the start of the year, research has revealed.

研究显示,一月份普通英国民众平均每天吵架的时间为8分钟,三分之二的英国人在年初和情人分手。

篇3:am is are是什么词及用法

be动词

be动词,意思和用法很多,一般的意思是:是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,is,am,are,was,were,being,been,to be。另外,be动词还有成为的.意思。根据句子中不同的人称、数和时间,型态,应该选择相应的be动词。

be动词用法

一般过去时:

第一人称单数和第三人称的单数形式,则用was

第一人称复数和第二人称复数、第三人称的复数,则用were

第二人称单数也用were

一般现在时:

第一人称单数形式,用am

第三人称单数形式,用is

第一人称复数、第二人称复数、第三人称的复数形式,则用are

第二人称单数也用are

篇4:常用多用途词用法

1.room用法

1)“房间”,可数名词。

There are ten rooms in the house.

2)“空间”,不可数名词。

Would you please make room for the old man.

There is not enough room for you.

2.orange用法

1)“橘子”,可数名词。

The oranges on the tree are red now.

2)“橘汁”,不可数名词。

I’d like a glass of orange.

3.school用法

当用于表示具体“学校”时,前面需要用冠词或代词修饰。当表示抽象意义时,通常不用修饰词。

There is a school near the park.

We often buy some books in the bookshop near the school.

We often clean our classroom after school.

Let’s go to school now.

My elder brother is a worker. My younger brother is at school.

4.home用法

1)“家”,名词,前面可以带修饰语。

My home is far away from the school.

2)“回家、到家”,副词

On the way home, he saw a boy crying on the road.

He will be home in half an hour.

3)“家用的、家庭的”,形容词。

home cooking家常菜

5.thanks用法

thanks用于表示“感谢”时,常用复数,多用于口语中,可以与thank you替换;thanks与介词to结合构成的词组不再用于表示“感谢”,而是“由于、因为”的意思。

--May I use your pen?

--Yes. Here you are.

--Thanks(thank you).

Thanks to the bad weather, we have to stay at home today.

6.Answer用法

answer可以用作动词,也可以用作名词,都是“回答”的意思。可以用于回答问题,也可以用于回电话。作名词用时,如果要表达“回答某问题的答案”,常与介词to搭配。

I don’t know how to answer the question.

Can you answer the telephone? I’m busy now.

Do you know the answer to the question?

7.light用法

light可以用作形容词,也可以用作名词。做形容词用时,有两个意思:(重量)轻的和(颜色)浅的、淡的;作名词可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,但词义不同:不可数名词意思是“灯光”、“光线”,可数名词意思是“灯”。

She likes light green.

This box is much lighter than that one.

There are eight windows in the walls of our classroom. The light is enough.

There is two lights on the wall.

8.heavy用法

heavy作形容词用有两个词义:(重量)“重的”和(雨)“大”。

The bag is too heavy for me to carry.

There will be heavy rain in the south China.

9.英语“吃”的表达方法

英语中“吃”的表达可以借助have,eat和take。have用于表达抽象意义的“吃”,eat表示“吃”的具体动作,take用于表达“吃药”。

The workers have lunch in thr factory.

The old man often has porridge for supper.

What are you eating now?

Remember take medicine on time.

10.bed用法

bed“床”,当用来表示具体事物时,前面需要冠词或代词等词修饰限定;当用于表示抽象意义时前面不用冠词等限定词。

Don’t read in bed.

She is ill in bed.

Y ou’d better go to bed early.

There are some books on(in) the bed.

There is a big bed in the bedroom.

11.“乘坐交通工具”的表达方法

英语中表达“乘坐交通工具”的方法有:“by+交通工具名称”、“in(on) aan(the)+ 交通工具名称”和“take aan+交通工具名称”。

--How do you go to school every day?

-- Sometimes by bike, sometimes by bus.

He went back to his hometown in a bus.

I go to the office on a bike every day.

He took a bus to his hometown.

13.表示“推测”的表达方法

我们可以用maybe、may be和must be来表达“推测”语气。maybe是副词,用于实意动词之前,情态动词、助动词和be动词之后,或置于句首。may be和must be是由情态动词加be动词构成的,may be表示没有把握、根据不足的情况下的推测,must be表示有根据的肯定推测。

He maybe forgot the time.

He didn’t come today. He may be ill.(Maybe he is ill.)

I saw him in the doctor’s. He must be ill today.

14.Grow的用法

grow有“成长”、“种植”、“变得”的意思。分别作及物动词、不及物动词和连系动词用。

I hope all of you grow healthily.

The farmers in the south grow rice.

If you eat too much, you’ll grow fatter and fatter.

15.look up用法

look up有两个词义:“查阅(资料等)”和“向上看、抬头看”。当表示“向上看、抬头看某物或人”时,要加上介词at。当表示“查阅(资料等)”时,作及物动词词组用,可以直接带宾语。

He looked up at me and said nothing.

Look up! A plane!

If you don’t know the words, please look up them in the dictionairy.

经典例题解析

1.-How many children have been to the Great Wall?

-______.

A. None B. No one

C. No any one D. Nothing

2.Japan is ____ the east of China.

A. in B. to C. on D. at

3.I ____ you to come soon.

A. hope B. wish C. hope that D. wish that

4.The baby is too young to ____ himself.

A. put on B. wear C. have D. dress

5.I’ll have my hair ____ this evening.

A. cutted B. cutting C. cut D. cuts

6.Walk along this street ____ and you’ll find the hospital.

A. in the end B. to the end

C. by the end D. at the end

7.-____ are you late for school?

-Never.

A. How long B. How soon

C. How often D. How much

8.He sang ____ beautiful a song in the party.

A. so B. such C. too D. quite

9.The basket is too heavy for ____ to lift.

A. nobody B. anybody

C. somebody D. everybody

10.She likes to ____ others but never writes to them.

A. hear of B. hear about

C. hear from D. hear

[重要点评]

1.答案选A。none是“没有任何人和物”,是回答how many 问句的;no one“没有人”

是回答who 问句的;nothing“没有任何东西”,是回答what问句的。

2.答案选B。“in/on/to + the+方位词+of+地点”结构中,in表示“在……境内”,on表示“接壤”,to表示“在……境外”。

3.答案选B。wish有“希望,想要”的意思。可接不定式作宾语或接复合宾语,而hope则不接复合宾语。句中you to come 是复合宾语。

4.答案选D。put on 是“穿上衣服”。wear是“穿着……衣服”,have 常与on 搭配,它们都以衣服名称作宾语;dress是“给……穿衣服”,常用“某人”作宾语。

5.答案选C。have sth done 词组是“让某事由别人做”的意思。have 用法较多,在这里用作使役动词。

6.答案选B。in the end 是“最后”的意思,可直接作状语;“by the end +of +时间/地点”表示“在……时间/地点的末端”。本题to the end与walk对应,表示“走到……尽头”。

7.答案选C。根据答语never,选择how often,表示动作或状态发生的频率;how soon 表示“多久以后”,一般用于对“in+一段时间”结构提问;How long 是“多久”,一般用for或 since引导的时间状语来回答;how much 表示“多少”,不用于回答时间。

8.答案选A。so 用于修饰形容词或副词,such用于修饰名词(词组)。本题中把beautiful从a beautiful song 词组中提前,用so修饰。

9.答案选C。 本题考查四个选项的用法区别。hear form=get a letter from,“收到某人来信”;hear of 和hear about是“听说”的意义,hear 是“听见”,如果用作“听说”,后面一般跟宾语从句。

10.答案选B。本题虽然没有否定词,但too…to 结构含有否定意义,仍然把该句视为否定句,nobody是否定的,不能再用。everybody 和somebody常用于肯定句中,所以只有anybody适合。

篇5:考研英语 逻辑衔接词用法总结

考研英语 逻辑衔接词用法总结

逻辑衔接词在考研英语中有着很重要的作用,常常是出题考点,出现在考研英语中的各大题型,特别是在阅读理解和写作中,它们的'分数比例占了整个卷面分数的90%,如果能够比较娴熟地运用逻辑衔接词,很多问题就可以迎刃而解。中国教育在线考研频道对这部分进行了总结,希望给广大考生带来帮助。

表举例 for example ,to name a few, say , such as,to list but a few, for instance

表递进in addition, furthermore ,what’s more, what’s worse, additionally

表对比 whereas, while, as opposed to, by contrast, by comparison, on the contrary, oppositely, but, yet

表示时间:in general, every, some, sometimes, after, on the whole, usually, most, at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile

表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise

表示时间顺序:now,then,before,after,afterwards,earlier,later,immediately,soon,next,in a few days,gradually,suddenly,finally

表示空间顺序:near(to),far(from),in front of,behind,beside,beyond,above,below,to the right (left),around,outside

表示对照:but,still,yet,however,on the other hand,on the contrary,in spite of,even though等。

表示结 果 和 原 因:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,hence,thus,otherwise等。

表示目的:for this reason,for this purpose,so that等。

表示强调:in fact,indeed,surely,necessarily,certainly,without any doubt,truly,to repeat,above all,most important等。

表示解释说明:for example,in fact,in this case,for actually

表示总结:finally,at last,in conclusion,as I have shown,in other words,in brief,in short,in general,on the whole,as has been stated

这些词或短语起到一个衔接和过渡的作用,使句子间的句子关系更富有逻辑性。比如在写作时,我们完全可以灵活去用这些词语,在表示转折时,很多考生只会用but, but到底,分数肯定不会很高,你完全可以用其它词来替换,比如however, on the other hand等,这样词汇不就更加多元化了吗。

篇6:英语中的副词是什么意思和用法

副词的常见用法:

1、方式副词:方式副词能够表达出某人完成某事的方式,它最常与行为动词搭配使用。方式副词包括:slowly(慢慢地)、fast(迅速地)、carefully(小心地)、carelessly(粗心地)、effortlessly(不费力地)、urgently(急切地)。

方式副词可以放在句末,或者直接放在动词后。

例如:

Jack drives very carefully.

杰克开车非常小心。

2、时间与频率副词:时间副词能够表达出某事发生的时间。它可以表达出一个具体的'时间,例如两天、昨天、三个星期前等。虽然时间副词有时引导一个句子,但它常常放在句末。

例如:

We'll let you know our decision next week.

下周我们会通知你我们的决定。

I flew to Dallas three weeks ago.

三个星期前我飞去了达拉斯。

除了表达某事发生的频率之外,频率副词与一般副词相似。频率副词放在主动词前面,放在be动词后面。

常见的频率副词列表,使用频率由高到低排列:Always(总是)、almost always(几乎总是)、usually(经常)、often(经常)、sometimes(有时)、occasionally(偶尔)、seldom(很少地)、rarely(很少地)。

程度副词通常表示某事完成的程度。它们通常位于句末。

例如:

They like playing golf a lot.

他们很喜欢打高尔夫。

篇7:小品词 “to” 的用法

【高考走向】

小品词“to”是指分别用作不定式符号和介词的“to”。作为不定式符号,to后面接动词原形;作为介

词,to后面接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。高考对to的考查通常出现在单项填空、短文改错和单词拼写

等题型中,主要包括以下几个方面的内容:

1.不定式符号to的用与不用;

2.to do与doing的区别;

3.对to属性的判断。即, 是to do, 还是to doing?

【典型例题】

1.(北京2000, 单项填空)

_______ some of this juice --- perhaps you'll like it.

A. Trying B. TryC. To try D. Have tried

正确答案:B 根据情景,题干的前一部分为一祈使句。祈使句要求以动词原形开头,所以选B。

2.(北京2000,短文改错)

I would like very much come but I have an examination on Monday morning.

正确答案:在come前面加to。would like后面必须接带to的不定式。

3.(NMET99,单项填空)

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult..

A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make

正确答案:B 题干部分已有to make life easier作表语,所以选B,表示对比。

【知识点拨】

1.后面接to do, 不接doing的动词很多,常见的有agree, appear, ask, decide, demand, expect,

happen, hope, learn, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, promise, wish, should like/love,

would like/love, etc..

例如:I would like to have a talk with you.

2.want, need, require等动词与to do或doing连用的问题,已在上一讲中谈到,不在赘述;

3.需要接带to的不定式作宾补的动词主要有advise, allow, ask, beg, expect, get, like, order,

permit, tell, want, warn, wish, should like/love, would like/love, etc..

例如:I would like you to go with me.

4.需要接不带to的不定式作宾补的动词,中学阶段有11个,必须牢记在心。它们是:see, notice,

observe, watch, look at, have, let, make, hear, listen to, feel

例如:I felt someone enter and then leave the room.

5.第4条中的11个动词如果用于被动句,作主补的不定式必须加to (let有时有例外);

例如:He is made to do a lot of exercises by his parents every day.

6.祈使句中的动词,情态动词或助动词之后的动词,以及紧接在why和why not之后的动词都必须用原

形,不能加to;

例如:Why not go and ask the teacher for some advice?

Why don't you go and ask the teacher for some advice?

7.在had better/best, would rather/sooner, would rather/sooner ... than, cannot

(help/choose) but, do nothing but, have nothing to do but等结构后面必须接动词原形,不能加to;

例如:Yesterday evening, I did nothing/had nothing to do but watch TV.

比较:I had no choice but to wait for Mother outside the house, for I had lost the key.

8.go on, stop, remember, forget, regret, try等动词后面接to do和doing意思不同;

例如:--- I tried to persuade him but failed.

---Why not try talking with his parents?

9.to do作状语主要表目的、结果、原因(用于形容词之后)等;doing作状语主要表方式、原因、时

间等;

10.通常只接doing, 不接to do作宾语的动词和习语主要有admit, advise, appreciate, avoid,

be busy, be worth, can't help, can't stand, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish,

forbid, give up, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, permit, practise, put off, suggest,

etc..

例如:The teacher suggested (our) going there on foot.

=The teacher suggested that we (should) go there on foot.

11.包含介词to的短语动词常用的有be/become/get used to, devote ... to, get down to,

look forward to, lead to, stick to, listen to, prefer ... to, 等。(这种结构并不一定都可以接

动词的-ing形式,但都可以接名词和代词作宾语。)

例如:I prefer staying at home watching TV to going to the cinema.

比较:I prefer to stay at home watching TV rather than go to the cinema.

12.口语中,不定式符号to有时单独使用,而省略其后的动词。如I'd love/like to, I used to, etc..

例如:He will go there if he is asked to.

---Will you go there with us?

---I prefer not to.

He says he will go if he has got a chance/the time (to).

【知识过关】

1. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a

report.

A. to goB. to have gone C. going D. having gone

2. The patient was warned _______ any food after the operation..

A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.

A. not toB. not to do C. not do it D. do not to

4. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.

---Well, now I regret _______ that.

A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done

5. Paul doesn't have to be made _______. He always works hard

A. learnB. to learn C. learnedD. learning

6. Rather than _______ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______ a bicycle.

A. ride; ride B. riding; ride C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding

7. ---I usually go there by train

---Why not _______ by boat for a change?

A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

8. I look forward to hear from you soon. (改错)

9. I had always wanted return to the village after moving away. (改错)

10. The World Health Organization and other organizations are working improve health all

over the world. (改错)

正确答案:1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. hear改为hearing

9. wanted后面加to 10. working后面加to

篇8:文言文常见词用法

文言文常见词用法

(1)动词①加倍。虽倍赏累罚而不免于乱。(《五蠹》)

一人予二十金,骨微伤一人倍之,伤肤。(《狱中杂记》)

②增加。焉用亡邻以倍郑。(《烛之武退秦师》)

③通背,背向。管仲反,入,倍屏而立,公不与言。(《管子·中匡》)

右背山陵。(《淮阴侯列传》)

④通背,违背。倍道而行,则天下不能使之吉。(《荀子·天论》)

⑤背叛。愿伯具言臣之不敢倍德也。(《鸿门宴》)

(2)量词。照原数加一次。然言其户口,则视三十年以前增五倍焉。(《治平篇》

今吾以十倍之地,请广于君。(《唐雎不辱使命》)

(3)副词。越发,更加,。独在异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍思亲。(《九月九日忆山东兄弟》)

(1)名词。恩惠。(古之遗爱也《左传》)

(2)动词①加惠于人。(吴广素爱人。《陈涉世家》)

(此四君者,皆明智而忠信,宽厚而爱人。《过秦论》)

②喜爱,爱护。(父母之爱子,则为之计深远。《触龙说赵太后》)

(爱其子,择师而教之。《师说》)

③吝惜,舍不得。(齐国虽褊小,吾何爱一牛。《齐桓晋文之事》)

(不爱珍器重宝肥饶之地。《过秦论》)

④怜惜。(爱其二毛<怜惜鬓发花白的老人>。《左传》)

(国事至此,予不得爱身。《〈指南录〉后序》)

⑤通爰,隐蔽,躲藏。(爱而不见,搔首踟躇。《静女》)

(3)形容词。吝啬。(百姓皆以王为爱也。《齐桓晋文之事》)

(1)形容词。

①舒适,安适。(君子食无求饱,居无求安。《论语·述而》)

(予出官二年,怡然自安。《琵琶行》)

②安稳。(风雨不动安如山。《茅屋为秋风所破歌》)

③安全。(谢庄遂安。《冯婉贞》)

④安定。(不患寡而患不均,不患贫而患不安。《季氏将伐颛臾》)

(2)动词。①养生。衣食所安,弗敢专也,必以分人。《曹刿论战》)

②安置,安放。离山十里有王平安营。(《失街亭》)

③使安定。既来之,则安之。(《季氏将伐颛臾》)

(3)代词。哪里,怎麽。沛公安在。(《鸿门宴》)燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉!(《陈涉世家》)

(1)名词。被子。一日昼寝帐中,落被于地。(《杨修之死》)

(2)动词。①覆盖。大雪逾岭,被南越中数州。(《答韦中立论师道书》)

未几,成归,闻妻言,如被冰雪。(《促织》)

②遭受,遇到。秦王复击轲,被八创。(《荆轲刺秦王》)

世之有饥穰,天之行也,禹、汤被之矣。(《论积贮疏》)

③施加,施及。去乱而被之以治。(《荀子·不苟》)

(3)介词。表示被动。信而见疑,忠而被谤。(《屈原列传》)

(4)pī,通披,动词。①穿在身上或披在身上。将军身披坚执锐。(《陈涉世家》)

②披散,披着。屈原至于江滨,被发行吟泽畔。(《屈原列传》)

(1)名词。①草木的根。芙蕖与草木诸花似觉稍异,然有根无树。(《芙蕖》)

②草木的干茎。摇其本,以观其疏密。(《种树郭橐驼传》)

③根本。父母者,人之本也。(《屈原列传》)

然墨之道,兼爱为本。(《中山狼传》)

④本业,指农桑。强本而节用。(《天论》)

今背本而趋末,食者甚众,是天下之大残也。(《论积贮疏》)

⑤稿本。今存其本不忍废。(《〈指南录〉后序》

⑥版本。已后典籍皆为板本。(《活板》)

⑦奏本。别具本章。(《狱中杂记》)

(2)量词。①草木花卉一株称一本。新松郁郁三千本。(陆游诗)

②书籍一册称一本。若印数十百千本,则极为神速。(《活板》)

(3)动词。推究本原,考查。抑本其成败之迹,而皆自于人欤。(《伶官传序》)

(4)形容词。原来的。刘媪本姓实存。(《汉书》)

(5)副词。本来,原来。本在冀州之南。(《愚公移山》)

柳敬亭者,扬之泰州人,本姓曹。(《刘敬亭传》)

(6)复合词。本心:指心的.自然状态,本性(即所谓人所固有的羞恶廉耻之心)。

此其谓失其本心。(《鱼我所欲也》)

(7)介词。本着,根据。本之《书》以求其质。(《答韦中立论师道书》)

(1)名词。边界地方。蜀之鄙有二僧。(《为学》)

(2)动词。①以为边界(边邑)。越国以鄙远,君知其难也。(《烛之武退秦师》)

②动词。轻视,看不起。孔子鄙其小器。(《训俭示康》)

过我而不假道,鄙我也。(《左传》)

(3)形容词。鄙陋,见识浅,庸俗。肉食者鄙。(《曹刿论战》)

人贱物亦鄙,不足迎后人。(《孔雀东南飞》)

(4)复合词。①鄙人。

ⅰ、自称的谦词。唐谢曰:鄙人不知忌讳。(《史记·冯唐列传》)

ⅱ、鄙俗,不开化的人。北蛮夷之鄙人,未尝见天子,故振慑。(《荆轲刺秦王》)

ⅲ、乡下人。

余目睹将军悛悛(质朴的样子)如鄙人,口不能道辞。(《史记·李将军列传》)

②鄙贱:粗野而又地位低微。鄙贱之人,不知将军宽之至此。(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)

(1)名词。①兵器。收天下之兵,聚之咸阳。(《过秦论》)

②士兵,军队。可汗大点兵。(《木兰诗》)

赵亦盛设兵以待秦,秦不敢动。(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)

③战略战术。公不论兵,必大困。(《战国策》)

④战争。兵旱相乘,天下大屈。(《论积贮疏》)

(2)动词。①侵略。无岁不受兵。(《十八史略》)

②以兵器杀人。左右欲兵之。(《史记》)

(3)复合词。兵符:古代调兵用的凭证。用铜、玉或木石等制成,状如虎,又称虎符,剖成两半,国君和统帅各掌握一半,以便对证。

赢闻晋鄙之兵符常在王卧内。(《信陵君窃符救赵》)

(1)名词。①排行第一的,老大,古人同辈间的伯(孟)、仲、叔、季来排行老大、老二、老三、老四。侯主侯伯,侯亚侯旅。(《诗经·周颂·载芟》)

②伯父。汝泊何由发如漆。(杜甫《醉歌行》)

③女子对丈夫的尊称。自伯之东,首如飞蓬。(《诗经·卫风·伯兮》)

④古代五等爵位的第三等。秦伯素服郊次,乡师而哭。(《崤之战》

⑤古代管理一方的长官。二百一十国为州,州有伯。(《礼记·王制》)

⑥bà通霸,春秋时诸侯国联盟的盟主。

桓公,五伯之上(首)也,争国而杀兄,其利大也。(《韩非子·难四》)

(2)副词。表尊敬。若为河伯娶妇。(《西门豹治邺》)

(3)bǎi数词。通佰,一百。亡(没有)农夫之苦,有仟佰之得。(《论贵粟疏》)

(4)复合词。伯仲:原指兄弟的次第,后用以比喻不相上下的事物。

(1)céng副词。表时间的过去。曾经,已经,才。

江南好,风景旧曾谙。(白居易《忆江南》)

(2)zēng①名词。指与自己隔着两代的亲属。

是高、曾时为一户者,至曾元时不分至十户不止。(《治平篇》)

②动词。通增,增加。

行拂乱其所为,所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。(《生于忧患死于安乐》)

③副词。表意外。竟然,居然,简直。

汝心之固,固不可彻,曾不若孀妻弱子。(《愚公移山》)

(1)动词。①细看。徐而察之。(《石钟山记》)

②看清楚。明足以察秋毫之末,而不见舆薪。(《齐桓晋文之事》)

③详审。向察众人之议,专欲误将军。(《赤壁之战》)

④明察,了解。小人之狱,虽不能察,必以情。(《曹刿论战》)

⑤考察后加以推荐。察臣孝廉。(《陈情表》)

(2)形容词。精明。水至清则无鱼,人至察则无徒。(东方朔《答客难》)

(3)叠词。察察:洁净的样子。人谁又能以身之察察,受物之汶汶者乎?(《屈原列传》)

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英语中的副词是什么意思和用法(锦集8篇)

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