雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解

时间：2022-11-25 06:12:42 作者：MOOMIN 综合材料收藏本文下载本文

“MOOMIN”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了10篇雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解，下面小编给大家整理后的雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解，供大家阅读参考。

目录
第1篇：雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解第2篇：雅思阅读Listofheadings题型解题技巧详解第3篇：雅思阅读之出题原则详解第4篇：雅思阅读替换同义词的详解第5篇：雅思阅读误区详解之盲目背单词第6篇：雅思G类阅读考试内容流程详解第7篇：雅思A类阅读精读和泛读攻略详解第8篇：雅思阅读选择题的做题思路详解第9篇：雅思阅读8000词汇量突破方法详解第10篇：雅思阅读段落匹配题答题方法详解

篇1：雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解

拒绝天马行空雅思阅读中的空杯思想详解

雅思阅读的传统症结：主观臆断做题

很多考生在考试期间出现的问题是，经常自己主观臆断脑补了相关信息，而脱离了文章实际，这是所有英语类考试阅读中的大忌。这一点上，高中生比大学生和参加工作者占优势，他们社会阅历缺乏，在解题时往往不会参与任何主观看法，所以在阅读考试中往往容易出高分。而大学生和已工作者在解题时会不由自主地参与主观想法，导致很多题目出错。作为语言类考试，测试重点不在于考生对相关话题的背景知识了解多少，而在于考生是否能在有限时间内从海量信息中提取有效的部分来解答问题，即使是GMAT或者GRE考试也是如此，阅读部分一定切记所有问题的答案都要依据原文而不是常识。把自己脑袋里的知识沉淀都放空，无论话题是否熟悉，都当成新的涉猎领域，有根据的回答问题。

选TRUE or FALSE，YES or NO这类题型，最容易在NOT GIVEN这个选项上出问题。这类题目的技巧在于，定位好第一道题在原文的位置，后面的题目答案基本也会按顺序出现在原文。正确的叙述都是对原文的转述，很少有跟原文完全重合的正确选项，往往这样的干扰选项只在一句话中部分跟原文重合，其余部分会出现纰漏。错误选项跟NOT GIVEN选项的区分要依据原文是否有相关叙述，如果明显与原文事实不符合，那么一定选错误;如果陈述同一件事，但合理推测也得不到题干陈述的结论，那么也是错误的;如果原文没有出现相关信息，或者题干陈述的是同件事的其他方面，那么就要选择NOT GIVEN。接下来详解NOT GIVEN的出题常见套路。

NOT GIVEN出题的主要4种形式：

【1】没提及! ——这是最难的，但是倘若你词汇量还成，确实没看到，那就是NG

【2】题目中涉及的范围<<<(小于)<<原文涉及的范围

举例：

原文： This club offers students printers.

题目： This club offers students color printers.

原文： Most applicants are from Europe.

题目： Most applicants are from UK.

你还等神马，绝逼不是false，绝逼是NOT GIVEN!!!

【3】原文:某人的目标(aim)、目的(purpose)、想法、愿望(wish)、保证(promise)、发誓(vowswear)

题目:事实 (通常是实意动词)

举例：

原文：His aim was to bring together, once every four years, athletes from all countries on the friendly fields of amateur sport.

译文：他的目的是把各国的运动员每四年一次聚集到友好的业余运动的赛场上。

题目：Only amateur athletes are allowed to compete in the modern Olympics. 译文：只有业余运动员被允许在现代奥运会中竞争。

原文：He vowed he would never come back.. 译文：他发誓他将永不回来。

题目：He never came back.. 译文：他没再回来。

解释：原文中说他发誓将永不回来，但实际怎么样，不知道。也可能他违背了自己的誓言。

【4】题目：有比较级原文：没有比较过

原文：In Sydney, a vast array of ethnic and local restaurants can be found to suit all palates and pockets.

译文：在悉尼，有各种各样的餐馆。

题目：There is now a greater variety of restaurants to choose from in Sydney than in the past.

译文：现在有更多种类的餐馆可供选择。

解释：原文中提到了悉尼有各种各样的餐馆，但并没有与过去相比，所以答案应为Not Given。

总结：指导思想上用自己的认知来代替作者进行判断，同时在具体做题时无视原文与题目中的非同义表述，是造成很多人在Not Given题上出错的主要原因。以上为全文内容，祝早日攻克雅思阅读，祝早日与雅思分手。

雅思阅读考试预测

真题

Passage 3

题材：发展史新题

题目：New Zealand Home Textile Craft

解析：文章主要介绍了新西兰纺织业的发展史。题型包括6个单选，4个小标题，4个判断题，除小标题题之外均为有序题，可以先做每一个段落的细节题，在选该段落的标题。

预测

【社会类】：

儿童食品广告27501、俄勒冈州农业08501、大规模生产08402、有机农业和化肥07306、工作压力27324、部落纹身19202

【生物类】：

仿生动物 15301、动物自疗16703、猩猩文化18308、鳄鱼进化19502、恐龙脚印与灭绝23306、珊瑚礁21508、霸王蝶26107、英国灭绝草08303

雅思阅读文章大盘点之文章题材

高频/重点题材：

? 物品/机构发展说明(34)

? 动物植物(27)

? 心理语言(27)

? 地理环境(15)

? 考古研究(9)

? 经济管理(8)

? 跨界题材(13)

20雅思阅读从文章行文模式来讲，出镜率较高的为物品或机构的发展说明类，物品类提到了中国考生在中文词汇中也不是特别熟悉的，如石墨、龙涎香;机构的发展有可能会提到一个社交网络或者网上的公司，这些文章行文结构专一，从头到位是围绕某一个主题完全展开，中间不会涉及太多跨题材的内容。

下面是动物和植物类和心理语言类文章，各占27篇。

比较常规考到的是地理环境类、考古研究类和经济管理类，今年格外值得注意的是跨界题材，即同一文章涉及两个不同的领域和学科的内容，例如它会讲到人文音乐对于工程师也就是arts对engineering的影响,或是一个国家所处的地理环境跟这国家的自然气候对国家经济产生的影响，这个不容小视。接下来我们一一分开去说。

1. 雅思阅读文章题材--物品/机构发展说明

?C5T2P1: Bakelite

?C7T2P1: Why pagodas don’t fall down

?C8T1P1: A Chronicle of Timekeeping

?C8T1P2: Air Traffic Control in USA

?C10T1P1: Stepwells

?C10T3P2: Autumn Leaves

这一题型从剑五开始历数，剑五第二套试题第一篇文章，有关Bakelite，文章的翻译标题叫做电木，在中文中很多人也没有听过这个名称，看了副标题才知道这是人造塑料的前身。在文章中关于这个东西是由谁发明的，它有什么样的用途，应用在什么领域中，人们对它的接受和使用情况如何，等等，结构非常清晰。

同样，剑七中有一篇关于日本的古塔结构;剑八中有文章讲各个国家对于计时工具在不同历史时期的发展;剑八中还有一篇文章讲美国的航空交通管制ATC的发展过程;剑十中有提到梯井或者是步井，是印度非常独特的建筑结构，要走到很深的台阶底下去取水。这些都是类似的物品或机构发展说明类文章，值得考生好好研读以掌握其行文模式。

2. 雅思阅读文章题材--动物植物

?C4T1P2: What do Whales Feel?

?C4GB: Understanding Bee Behavior

?C5T4P3: Effects of Light on Plant and Animal Species

?C6GB: PTEROSAURS

?C9T1P3: The history of the tortoise

动物和植物是雅思阅读和听力都经常会考到的话题。从剑桥系列的情况来看，这类题目也很多。比如剑四中一篇经典的海洋哺乳动物文章讲到鲸类的感觉;剑五中有文章讲光对于植物和动物的影响;剑九中有文章讲乌龟的历史;剑十里有一篇讲到秋天的树叶，在树叶中所包含的花青素和叶绿素分别都有一些什么样的功能，等等。

此外还值得注意的是，GB这个简称指General training也就是我们通常所说移民类文章的B套，也就是移民类阅读考卷中的第二套试题。需注意剑桥系列每本书中、G类每一套的section 3题材和文章难度很接近于A类的第一篇或第二篇文章，尤其在题材上与A类考试中的动植物场景有大幅度重合，所以G类section 3文章对于A类考生来说也有试做和分析的意义。

就比如说剑四G类第二套的Section3文章，理解蜜蜂的行为，与今年两次考到的与蜜蜂相关的文章在题材上都很接近;剑六G类的Section 3在第二套试题当中的文章讲恐龙中会飞的那一种，翼龙;剑八G类中还有一篇叫snake oil的文章，看标题可能会以为是在讲“蛇油”，其实说的却是一种有药用价值的植物紫松果菊。这些动物和植物类材料都可以拿来作为A类考生同类对比和学习了解的题材。

3. 雅思阅读文章题材--地理环境

?C4T3P2: Volcanoes

?C5T3P2: Disappearing Delta

?C6T1P3: Climate Change and the Inuit

?C7T3P3: “European Forest”

?C8T2P2: little Ice Age

?C9T3P2: Tidal Power

地理环境从剑四到剑九是一个常考不衰的话题，这一点大家从此处列出的剑桥系列文章分布也能很容易地看出来。尤其剑七第三套第三篇文章讲欧洲森林以及各国开会讨论如何制订森林政策，其中也涉及森林跟环境的相互作用。

4. 雅思阅读文章题材--考古研究

考古研究自剑三就开始出现。现在看剑三虽然题目老了，但文章本身还有可读意义。比如，剑三的一篇文章讲到人种志学类似内容，当中涉及到很多单词和基本概念，这些相关内容在之后的剑四到剑十系列中都反复有出现。

5. 雅思阅读文章题材--经济管理

经济管理题目在基本每考三次就有一两篇相关内容，但剑桥真题中相关题材文章不多。经济管理这个领域大家可以重点看以下的几篇文章。

?C6T3P2: Motivating Employees under Adverse Conditions

?C6T4P1: Doctoring sales

?C10T3P1: The Context, Meaning and Scope of Tourism

6. 雅思阅读文章题材--跨领域跨题材

跨领域跨题材的文章会提到文科类的某一个学科对于理科类当中某一个学科研究的影响。从剑五到剑十中有如下的相关文章供我们复习。

?C5T4P1: The Impact of Wilderness Tourism

?C7T1P2: Making Every Drop Count

?C7T2P2: The True Cost of Food

?C10T2P1: Tea and the Industrial Revolution

雅思阅读小范围预测

文章题目 Birds intelligence

重复年份 1114A 0525 1210

题材动物

题型小标题 7+配对 7

文章大意：之前一直认为人类是高智能，现在发现猩猩甚至鸟类都有，列举了三种鸟的例子;讲到了鸟的生存环境残酷，鸟也有竞争，脑大的鸟更聪明，还有鸟的社会性。

文章题目 Food Addictive

重复年份 20151114B 0712

题材工业

题型判断 7+摘要填空 3+配对 3

文章大意：讲了食品添加剂。人们更多的是通过气味判断食物是否好吃，而非味觉。真材实料的价格都是超过实验室产品的，但是实验室产品的成功率非常低，但回报率。因此美国的添加剂发展是全球发展的推动力。

题材动物

题型判断 6+填空 7

文章大意：讲了鱼类的交流，德国科学家在红海发现红色的鱼，发现是激发荧光。鱼用这个荧光来识别种群、标识位置、吓退敌人、掩盖自己和捕捉猎物。

重复年份 20151203 20130713 0520

题材科技

题型小标题 9+判断 5

文章大意文章讲了科技在现代生活中的各种弊端。

文章题目 Children's adults

重复年份 20151219 20140802 20111026

题材文学

题型选择 4+句子配对 4+判断 4+简答 1

文章大意讲了儿童文学。探讨了从成人角度去写儿童文学的视角不同。

文章题目 Ancient Greek Coins

重复年份人文社科

题材 20140118 0510

题型判断+流程图+简答

文章大意古希腊钱币。介绍了硬币的制造过程，生产工艺及当时的时代背景。

文章题目 Voynich manuscript

重复年份 20120519 0627

题材考古

题型判断+人名配对+填空+选择

文章大意伏尼契手稿的由来，一本无字天书。关于一本放在耶鲁大学图书馆的神秘的书，里面有一堆神秘的符号，整个文章说了很多人对于写符号的不同看法。

文章题目 Ancient Greek Coins

重复年份人文社科

题材 20140118 20120510

题型判断+流程图+简答

文章大意古希腊钱币。介绍了硬币的制造过程，生产工艺及当时的时代背景。

文章题目 Ocean power

重复年份 20150829A 20091024

题材能源

题型选择 3+配对 5+句子填空 5

文章大意本文介绍了各种海洋资源，包括了潮汐能、洋流能、波浪能和海底热能。

篇2：雅思阅读Listofheadings题型解题技巧详解

【雅思阅读技巧】List of headings题型解题技巧详解

答题技巧：

1. 首先在list of headings中划去做为例子的heading 或headings，以免在根据段落内容在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题时，它(它们)会干扰考试者对其他headings的选择。

2. 在文章中把做为例子的段落划掉，以免对例子段落进行不必要的精读。

3. 对题目中给出的段落，按照首句(第一、二句)、末句和中间句寻找主题句的顺序的方法，读完段落再读list，在list of headings中找出与其相匹配的段落标题。但是注意，近年来雅思出题有一个趋势，list of headings的题目只有极少数情况下是在首尾有总结句，大部分情况还是需要考生通读全段，总结后对比headings来选择。

4. 如果某一个list of headings选项与原文一模一样，完全没有差别的，这个一般不是正确答案，list of headings的题目都是需要稍微归纳得出的。

5. 对于不确定的答案的段落稍微放一放，把确定答案的题目选出来后，利用排除法，选出最贴近段落大意的。

6. 注意段落中复杂长句子的表意重点，一般来说，however，but，but also, although, despite这类词的后面是句子的重点。举例的句子可以略过，一般不会影响答案的选择。

7. 要仔细检察答案，特别是第一题型，因为答错一题，就意味着答错两道题。

8. 切忌过度推理，headings有时候会出现原文中只有部分表述的内容，用来干扰考生。

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

1. The failure of a high-profile cholesterol drug has thrown a spotlight on the complicated machinery that regulates cholesterol levels. But many researchers remain confident that drugs to boost levels of ’good’ cholesterol are still one of the most promising means to combat spiralling heart disease.

2. Drug company Pfizer announced on 2 December that it was cancelling all clinical trials of torcetrapib， a drug designed to raise heart-protective high-density lipoproteins (HDLs)。 In a trial of 15000 patients， a safety board found that more people died or suffered cardiovascular problems after taking the drug plus a cholesterol-lowering statin than those in a control group who took the statin alone.

3. The news came as a kick in the teeth to many cardiologists because earlier tests in animals and people suggested it would lower rates of cardiovascular disease. “There have been no red flags to my knowledge，” says John Chapman， a specialist in lipoproteins and atherosclerosis at the National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) in Paris who has also studied torcetrapib. “This cancellation came as a complete shock.”

4. Torcetrapib is one of the most advanced of a new breed of drugs designed to raise levels of HDLs， which ferry cholesterol out of artery-clogging plaques to the liver for removal from the body. Specifically， torcetrapib blocks a protein called cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP)， which normally transfers the cholesterol from high-density lipoproteins to low density， plaque-promoting ones. Statins， in contrast， mainly work by lowering the ’bad’ low-density lipoproteins.

Under pressure

5. Researchers are now trying to work out why and how the drug backfired， something that will not become clear until the clinical details are released by Pfizer. One hint lies in evidence from earlier trials that it slightly raises blood pressure in some patients. It was thought that this mild problem would be offset by the heart benefits of the drug. But it is possible that it actually proved fatal in some patients who already suffered high blood pressure. If blood pressure is the explanation， it would actually be good news for drug developers because it suggests that the problems are specific to this compound. Other prototype drugs that are being developed to block CETP work in a slightly different way and might not suffer the same downfall.

6. But it is also possible that the whole idea of blocking CETP is flawed， says Moti Kashyap， who directs atherosclerosis research at the VA Medical Center in Long Beach， California. When HDLs excrete cholesterol in the liver， they actually rely on LDLs for part of this process. So inhibiting CETP， which prevents the transfer of cholesterol from HDL to LDL， might actually cause an abnormal and irreversible accumulation of cholesterol in the body. “You’re blocking a physiologic mechanism to eliminate cholesterol and effectively constipating the pathway，” says Kashyap.

Going up

7. Most researchers remain confident that elevating high density lipoproteins levels by one means or another is one of the best routes for helping heart disease patients. But HDLs are complex and not entirely understood. One approved drug， called niacin， is known to both raise HDL and reduce cardiovascular risk but also causes an unpleasant sensation of heat and tingling. Researchers are exploring whether they can bypass this side effect and whether niacin can lower disease risk more than statins alone. Scientists are also working on several other means to bump up high-density lipoproteins by， for example， introducing synthetic HDLs. “The only thing we know is dead in the water is torcetrapib， not the whole idea of raising HDL，” says Michael Miller， director of preventive cardiology at the University of Maryland Medical Center， Baltimore.

Questions 1-7

This passage has 7 paragraphs 1-7.

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.

Write the correct number i-ix in boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

List of Headings

i. How does torcetrapib work?

ii. Contradictory result prior to the current trial

iii. One failure may possibly bring about future success

iv. The failure doesn’t lead to total loss of confidence

v. It is the right route to follow

vi. Why it’s stopped

vii. They may combine and theoretically produce ideal result

viii. What’s wrong with the drug

ix. It might be wrong at the first place

Questions 7-13

Match torcetrapib，HDLs，statin and CETP with their functions (Questions 8-13)。。

Write the correct letter A， B， C or D in boxes 8-13 on your answer sheet.

NB You may use any letter more than once.

7.It has been administered to over 10，000 subjects in a clinical trial.

8.It could help rid human body of cholesterol.

9.Researchers are yet to find more about it.

10. It was used to reduce the level of cholesterol.

11. According to Kashyap， it might lead to unwanted result if it’s blocked.

12. It produced contradictory results in different trials.

13. It could inhibit LDLs.

List of choices

A. Torcetrapic

B. HDLS

C. Statin

D. CETP

篇3：雅思阅读之出题原则详解

雅思阅读之实用出题原则

1、首尾原则：大约50%的题目分布在文章首尾句以及首尾段;

2、顺序原则：美中题目基本上按照文章顺序排列;

3、改写原则：出题关键字基本都是对文章内容的改写;

4、名词原则：出题关键字基本都以名词作为考点;

5、数字原则：会出现一些带有简单运算最难不超过四则运算的简答题;

6、下定义原则：破折号，同位语从句，定语从句有可能处提;

7、举例原则：For example/For instance/Such as等短语前面是考点;

8、连词原则：表因果、转折、相似、递进以及比较的连词会有题目出现;

9、特殊符号，特殊字体原则：括号，引号“”，黑体，斜体，下划线，以及比较罕见的词汇有可能出题;

10、图表原则：如果文章中有图表则要留心图表部分会出题。

以上10个就是阅读题的全部出题点，当你拿到一篇纯正的雅思阅读文章，后面的题目只大都出自这10个地方;这样，同学们在做题的时候就能做到有的放矢，获取阅读的高分。

雅思阅读中隐性考点与零考点原则

若题目为原文某句话的改写，即题目与原文有明显对应信息，但对应信息较多，那么题目中真正设置的考点则要通过题目和原文的对比判断。

A. 题目与原文意思一致、方向相同的对应信息为隐性考点，以后均用 ( ) 表示。

比如说，原文和题目的主语、地点状语都是Australians和in Singapore，两者当然都为隐性考点。

B. 题目与原文意思、方向模糊的对应信息为隐性考点，以后均用 ( ) 表示。

模糊的对应信息是指两个信息既不明显矛盾，又不是百分之百相同。如原文的主语为people，题目中的主语为all people，既不明显矛盾，又不是百分之百相同，则为隐性考点。

C. 题目与原文中任意一方中的缺失信息为零考点，以后均用< >表示。

分析：这里的零考点是指原文中有而题目中没有或题目中有而原文中没有的成分，这样缺失的成分肯定不是考点。

例：

原文：It was discovered in 1981, and less than 10 years later the platypus frog had completely vanished

题目：(The platypus frog became extinct by 1991

分析：题目判断platypus frog这种青蛙到1991年已经灭绝了，原文中提到1981之后不到十年platypus frog就已经从靠近昆士兰阳光海岸的Booloumaba Creek这个地方完全消失了。从这两句话的对比中显然可以看出题目判断比原文信息少了一个地点状语的限定。很多的考生在这道题目上坚持认为是NOT GIVEN，他们的理由是题目说platypus frog灭绝了，但是没有说是在哪里灭绝的，有可能在昆士兰附近灭绝的，也有可能在非洲灭绝了，还有可能在别的地方灭绝了，反正题目没给出，这种错误的理解思路是很多中国学生都有的。现在来看这个题目从雅思命题的思路上应该怎么理解，题目：“The platypus frog became extinct by 1991.” 只有3个成分，主语the platypus frog、谓语became extinct、时间状语by 1991，也就是说题目设置中可以考查的考点只可能是这3个中的其中1个。题目中的主语the platypus frog和原文明显相等，所以不可能是考点。题目中的谓语became extinct对应文中的completely vanished，也不可能是考点。文中说从1981年往后不到platypus frog就灭绝了，所以题目对时间的判断到了1991年platypus frog就没有了当然没错，所以这个题目答案为TRUE。

从这个题目中可以看出，原文中有而题目中没有的信息是缺失信息，缺失信息不可能是考查的考点，所以在做题的过程中对于这种缺失信息“零考点”，我们可以完全不考虑，或者理解成在原文和题目的对比中，所有的零考点都是默认相同的。

D. 题目与原文方向相反或不相容的对应信息为显性考点，即真考点，以后均用[ ]表示。

结论：通过题目中的各成分和文中对应句子对应成分之间的比较，划出所有的括号形式，可知：

① 题目中若没有出现真考点，而只有零考点或隐性考点(方向相同、方向模糊信息或缺失信息)即只有 ( ) 和< >出现，答案通常为TRUE 或YES;(字体可否放大)

② 题目中只要出现了显性考点，即出现了[ ]，答案通常为FALSE 或NO。(字体可否放大)

篇4：雅思阅读替换同义词的详解

雅思阅读替换同义词的详解

雅思阅读一次考察1200 X 3字左右，四十道题，实际做题时间不到一个小时，这是个什么概念，高考英语一篇文章400词左右，阅读加起来词左右，也就是说阅读部分相当于相同的时间做两遍高考，所以阅读是要咱们第一个字开始翻译到最后一个字吗?肯定不是啊。

做雅思阅读就两种人，第一种是每个字都认识，句子读得又懂又快，比如说我，嘿嘿嘿。

还有一种技术流，就是会有一些不懂的词句，但是题目能看懂，而且能把题目和原文联系起来，这样也是可以做对绝大多数的题的。当然如果你一句话中不认识的词比认识的还多，那赶快滚去背单词去。

第一种方式需要一定量的积累，如果大家有冲击高分的诉求,可以长期积累. 对于多数考生来说练习第二种会更加高效。

那么问题来了，怎么找和原文对应的地方呢，这也是阅读考察重点之一:同义替换, 我们先要明确一点，同义替换不是同义词, 而是对同一事物的`不同表达方式，比同义词的范围要更宽

所以我们来一起看一看常见的替换类型

1描述型替换

题目和原文是现象对应本质，概念对应例子, 或单词对其解释。

比如老师认真回答学生问题, 批改作业到深夜，原文中说有职业责任感，这个就是同义替换.

我们以真题为例：

题目：The consumption of fossil fuel would be cut because agricultural vehicles would beunnecessary. C11

原文：It would reduce fossil fuel use, by cutting out the need for tractors, ploughs and shipping.

其中vehicles对应其中的一种例子tractor，unnecessary对应其词义解释cutting out the need for，再比如：

C8 chemical fertilizer and pesticide，farming grow plants and herd animals

C9 serious problemsnuclear war and pollution，

C10 a range of functions gathering, leisure, relaxation, worship

C11 Unnecessarycutting out the need for

很明显不属于同义词, 但却是对同一事物的不同表达方式, 多个词对应一个词.这在雅思中出现几率非常大. 这种替换找不到就会很恼火,因为全是你认识的词, 但是就是脑子转不过来, 所以需要大家有这么一个意识, 不要按同义词严丝合缝的去找替换.

2同义词替换

此类替换比较复杂，也非常常见。

比如:

题目:Much effort is made and correct answers are emphasized C6T3

原文:The emphasis is on hard work coupled with a focus on accuracy.

其中Much efforthard work, andcoupled with, correct answersaccuracy, emphasisfocus on

但是有些题目，大家会发现词都认识，但感觉不到其间的替换关系?

原因很简单，这些单词你并不认识。中英单词不是一一对应的，单词的核心意思具体语境下会有变化，拘泥于中文含义理解单词则体会不出单词的语境意，也就找不到替换了。

题目: the most important step is for school authorities to produce a _ policy _C6T4

原文:A key step is to develop a policy on

produce和develop 能不能叫替换词?生产和发展,乍一看好像不是。理解词义的最好方式是看英英词典, 但大家能坚持做到的不会很多, 所以大家可以尝试方式, 用中文解释其中文词义，解释后的部分更贴近单词的核心词义。生产和发展都是弄出了一个什么新的东西, 本义是相近的.

再比如

原文： detect(侦查)the flaws

题目： locate(定位)the faults

Detect和locate都有寻找的位置的意思，本质上是有相同的含义的。

原文：there is damage to property too.

题目： does considerable damage to buildings

这就是一词多义，有些词义比较接近，有些相差较远，这在语言中是一个很常见的现象，比如在汉语中，问：小红，你有腿毛吗?答：有个毛啊!

粗暴地背中文词义很难能解决问题, 大家应该尝试去理解单词在不同语境、针对不同对象时词义的变化。至于怎么背阅读的词, 咱们日后再说.

3词性转换

单词的后缀决定词性，大多数情况下后缀改变不影响词义，少部分词有词义的变化。

Consume consumption

secrete secretions

fertilize fertilizers

creativity creative

investigative investigate

half halve

prefer preference

emit emission

error erroneous

medical medicine

当我们确定要找的题目中的词不认识时，我们只能找到它在原文中的原词重或词性转换。大家可以在背单词时留心一下词缀部分，不用去背名词后缀有什么，动词后缀有什么，你只需要逆向看到这个后缀能联系到题目中的词即可。

4逻辑词的替换

主要考察四种逻辑：因果，并列，转折，否定，考察的较少，但是也偶尔会成为出题点

因果：because for，as，since，result in，therefore，contribute to，breed因为导致都含有一个因果关系的替换，有因就有果。

并列：and as well as， first second third，range fromto

转折：but however，despite， although

尽管但是都有一个让步转折的逻辑，比如：虽然你长得丑，但是你想得美啊。在英语中出现了although则不会出现but，

否定：not 如果题目中有否定词，经常可以拿来优先寻找，因为全文大多是肯定句，少数是否定句，会更加好寻找一些，比如：lack、vanish、in need of、little、fail to, 以及有less、free等否定后缀的词。

替换的形式就是这四种，我们需要去根据替换词快速定位到出题句后再精读，而不需要通篇细度，大多数的题目都可以通过替换关系得到解决。在注意总结替换词的同时，练习适量精读，祝大家早日考出成绩。

篇5：雅思阅读误区详解之盲目背单词

【高分必备】雅思阅读误区详解之盲目背单词

同学们在做雅思阅读过程中都出现过类似情况，发现所做文章词似乎都能认得差不多，通过猜测能猜出文章内容，结果做题时5道题错了4个。但有时一篇文章读不懂，题目看不懂，蒙一蒙，结果5道对了4个，针对这种情况，我们来归纳总结一下为什么。

首先，举个例子，同学们都知道plant是种植，在英文中，有一个现象叫做名词合用为动词，所以加入前缀，implant是植入,replant是移植，两词词性都发生了变化。另一词power，中文意为能量、力量，powerplant很多同学会根据这个联想为有能量的植物。实际powerplant意为发电站。

根据上面的例子可以看到小词汇对雅思阅读的影响，很多同学做阅读看到powerplant，文中再出现太阳，就会联想至光合作用，如此贯穿全文，可能会认为整片为生物类文章。整体理解出现偏差，导致最终5道题错了4个。

很多同学在背雅思单词的时候，经常会背出一些长的、难的、不认识单词来，这是一个误区。其实做雅思阅读并不是这样，有些时候，影响你阅读的恰恰是一些小词。

再比如plant一词，在雅思词汇中运用最多的意思是植物，种植，另一部分使用的语义是作为名词，工厂、场站。如出现chip plant的词汇，是芯片工厂。但没有接触过的同学，再加上不理解上下文，甚至会误以为薯片工厂,这样，全文呈现吃货的走向。所以，单词永远是雅思阅读最重要的一个问题。

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

Next Year Marks the EU's 50th Anniversary of the Treaty

A. After a period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in . Whether the European public will welcome a return to what voters in two countries had rejected so short a time before is another matter.

B. There are several reasons for Europe’s recovering self-confidence. For years European economies had been lagging dismally behind America (to say nothing of Asia), but in the large continental economies had one of their best years for a decade, briefly outstripping America in terms of growth. Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then.

C. The coming year also marks a particular point in a political cycle so regular that it almost seems to amount to a natural law. Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty: the Maastricht treaty in 1992, the Treaty of Amsterdam in , the Treaty of Nice in . And in they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters. But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.

D. In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter. Government leaders have already agreed to celebrate it ceremoniously, restating their commitment to “ever closer union” and the basic ideals of European unity. By itself, and in normal circumstances, the EU’s 50th-birthday greeting to itself would be fairly meaningless, a routine expression of European good fellowship. But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty. All that will be necessary will be to incorporate the 50th-anniversary declaration into a new treaty containing a number of institutional and other reforms extracted from the failed attempt at constitution-building and—hey presto—a new quasi-constitution will be ready.

E. According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007—there will be a new draft of a slimmed-down constitution ready by the middle of the year, perhaps to put to voters, perhaps not. There would then be a couple of years in which it will be discussed, approved by parliaments and, perhaps, put to voters if that is deemed unavoidable. Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in -10. Europe will be nicely back on schedule. Its four-to-five-year cycle of integration will have missed only one beat.

F. The resurrection of the European constitution will be made more likely in 2007 because of what is happening in national capitals. The European Union is not really an autonomous organisation. If it functions, it is because the leaders of the big continental countries want it to, reckoning that an active European policy will help them get done what they want to do in their own countries.

G. That did not happen in 2005-06. Defensive, cynical and self-destructive, the leaders of the three largest euro-zone countries—France, Italy and Germany—were stumbling towards their unlamented ends. They saw no reason to pursue any sort of European policy and the EU, as a result, barely functioned. But by the middle of 2007 all three will have gone, and this fact alone will transform the European political landscape.

H. The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucratic momentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007. That does not mean the momentum will be irresistible or even popular. The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe. More important, the voters will want a say. They rejected the constitution in 2005. It would be foolish to assume they will accept it after 2007 just as a result of an artful bit of tinkering.

Questions 1-6 Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statemenht reflets the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is possbile to say what the writer thinks about this

1.After years’ introspection and mistrust, continental European governments will resurrect their enthusiasm for more integration in 2007.

2. The European consitution was officially approved in 2005 in spite of the oppositon of French and Dutch voters.

3. The Treaty of Rome , which is considered as the fundamental charter of the European Union, was signed in 1957.

4.It is very unlikely that European countries will sign the declaration at the 50th anniversary of the Treaty of Rome.

5.French government will hold the EU’s presidency and lay down the agenda during the first half of .

6.For a long time in hisotry, there has been confrontation between Britain and the rest of European countries.

Questions 7-10 Complet the following sentencces.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

Write your answer in Boxes 7-10 on your answer sheet.

7. Every four or five years, European countries tend to make a rapid progress towards ___________________by signing a new treaty.

8. The European constitution is supposed to ______________________for yet more integration of European Union member countries.

9. The bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin rashly ignore the possibility of __________________and think the new consitution will be delivered in 2009-10.

10. The politics of the three large continental countries, __________________ and the economic recovery will join together to urge the integration in 2007.

Questions 11-14 Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11. Which of the following statemnts is true of Euopean economic development.

A. The economy of Europe developed much faster than that of Asia before 2006.

B. The growth of European economy was slightly slower than that of America in 2006.

C. The development of European economy are likely to slow down by 2007.

D. The recovery of European economy may be considerably accelerated by 2007.

12. The word “immobilised” in the last line of Section C means ___________.

A. stopped completely.

B. pushed strongly.

C. motivated wholely.

D. impeded totally.

13. Which of the following statements about the treaties in European countries is NOT TRUE.

A. The Maastricht Treaty was signed in 1992.

B. The Treaty of Amsterdan was signed in 1997.

C. The Treaty of Nice was signed in 2001.

D. The Treaty of Rome was signed in 2007.

14. The European constitution failed to be ratified in 2005--2006, because

A. The leaders of France, Italy and Germany were defensive, cynical and self-destructuve..

B. The voters in two countries of the Union --France and Holland rejected the constitution.

C. The leaders of the EU thought that it was unneccessary to pursue any European policy.

D. France, Italy and Germany are the three largest and most influential euro-zone countries.

Notes to the Reading Passage

1. pan-Enropean

pan-: 前缀：全，总，泛

pan-African 全/泛非洲的(运动)

pan-Enropean全/泛欧的(机构建设)

2. outstrip

超越，胜过，超过，优于

Material development outstripped human development”“物质的发展超过了人类的进步”

3. ebb

回落跌落;衰退或消减

The tide is on the ebb.正在退潮。

4. Machiavelli

马基雅维利，尼克尔1469-1527意大利政治理论家，他的著作君主论(15)阐述了一个意志坚定的统治者不顾道德观念的约束如何获得并保持其权力。

文章中意为“任何一个人都可以看到，显而易见。。。”。

5. hey presto

突然地;立即(魔术师用语)您看，变!

6. upshot

结果;结局

Keys to the Questions 1-14

1. TRUE

Explanation

See the first sentence in Section A “Aftera period of introversion and stunned self-disbelief, continental European governments will recover their enthusiasm for pan-European institution-building in 2007”.

2. FALSE

Explanation

See the third sentence in Section C “And in 2005 they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters.”.

3. TRUE

Explanation

See the first sentence in the Section D “In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter.”.

4. FALSE

Explanation

See the third sentence in Section D“But it does not take a Machiavelli to spot that once governments have signed the declaration (and it seems unlikely anyone would be so uncollegiate as to veto it) they will already be halfway towards committing themselves to a new treaty”.

5. NOT GIVEN

Explanation

See the first sentence in Section E “According to the German government—which holds the EU’s agenda-setting presidency during the first half of 2007”.

6. TRUE

Explanation

See the third sentence in Section H“The British government, for one, will almost certainly not want to go with the flow, beginning yet another chapter in the long history of confrontation between Britain and the rest of Europe”.

7. further integration

Explanation

See the second sentence in Section C“Every four or five years, European countries take a large stride towards further integration by signing a new treaty”.

8. lay the ground

Explanation

9. publc rejection

Explanation

See the third sentence in Section E“Then, according to bureaucratic planners in Brussels and Berlin, blithely ignoring the possibility of public rejection, the whole thing will be signed, sealed and a new constitution delivered in 2009--10.”

10. bureaucratc momentum

Explanation

See the frst sentence in Section H “The upshot is that the politics of the three large continental countries, bureaucratic momentum and the economics of recovery will all be aligned to give a push towards integration in 2007.”.

11. C

Explanation

See the last sentence in Section B “Since politics often reacts to economic change with a lag, 2006’s improvement in economic growth will have its impact in 2007, though the recovery may be ebbing by then”.

12. A

Explanation

See the last sentence in Section C “But the political impetus to sign something every four or five years has only been interrupted, not immobilised, by this setback.”

13 . D

Explanation

See the first sentence in Section D “In 2007 the European Union marks the 50th anniversary of another treaty—the Treaty of Rome, its founding charter.”

14 .B

Explanation

See third sentence in Section C: “And in 2005 they were supposed to ratify a European constitution, laying the ground for yet more integration—until the calm rhythm was rudely shattered by French and Dutch voters.”.

篇6：雅思G类阅读考试内容流程详解

雅思阅读丨雅思G类阅读考试内容流程详解

雅思考试阅读(培训类)共有三部分，文章难度由浅至深，考鸭需要回答40道题目。第一部分有14道题，第二和第三部分分别有13道题。

第一部分通常包含2到3篇短文或者若干段文字(如广告等)。第二部分通常有2篇文章，第三部分则为一段较长的文章。文章的内容和文体各有不同，难度最深的为第三部分的内容。

雅思阅读文章介绍

第一部分的内容选自通知、广告、时间表、宣传品、以及其它类似的内容。第二部分的内容选自大学招生简章、课程介绍、大学课程介绍、图书馆指引、规定、以及其它类似的内容。第三部分的内容选自报纸、杂志、期刊、小说或非虚构的书籍、以及其它类似的内容。所有雅思阅读文章总计长度约在2400字左右。

雅思阅读考试题目形式

雅思考试阅读部分(培训类)有11种基本的题型，部分题型还会有其它的变化形式。

题型1 选择题

题型2 多项配对

题型3 填空

题型4 完成句子

题型5 完成笔记、总结、或流程图

题型6 完成总结

题型7 为段落或雅思阅读文章的部分选择相对应的小标题

题型8 寻找信息

题型9 判断作者观点、看法或雅思阅读文章中的具体信息

题型10 分类

题型11 配对

题型一选择题

题目可能已经给出句子的前半部分，考鸭需在选项中选择一个最佳的方法答案完成这个句子。题目也可能是一个完整的问题，考鸭需在选项中选择一个最佳的答案。考鸭需从四个可供选择的答案A、B、C或D中选择一个最佳的答案。题目的顺序与相对应的信息在雅思阅读文章中出现的顺序是相同的。

这种题型可能出现的形式有：

有时考鸭需从多于四个可供选择的选项中进行选择，也有可能需选择不止一个作为正确答案。另外，也有可能在一组问题的末尾再提出一个总括性的问题，如为文章选择一个最适合的标题。

题型二多项配对

题目将给出数个选项，考鸭需将这些可供选择的选项与雅思阅读文章节选或段落进行对应。雅思阅读文章节选或段落用字母所标注，会出现某些选项不被选择的可能，或者有些选项会被用到不止一次。多项配对题考察的是考鸭在阅读时使用跳读和扫读技巧寻找特定信息的能力。

题型三填空

这种题型要求考鸭回答关于阅读文章中具体的、事实性的信息的问题，考鸭需在问卷上填写多个单词或数字进行作答。一般来说，题目的指示会说明“从雅思阅读文章中选取不超过三个单词和/或一个数字作答”，但有些时候是“一个单词”、或“不超过两个单词”、或“四个单词”。数字可以用阿拉伯数字、也可以用文字的形式填写。如果考鸭填写了超过问题指示中所要求的字数，即使所填的内容中包含正确的答案，也会被扣分。缩写的单词不会被作为考试的内容。带有连字符的单词按照一个单词计算。

这种题型要求考鸭能够有效地进行跳读，在雅思阅读文章中寻找相关的段落，并能够有效地进行扫读，寻找相关的句子并对详细信息进行仔细阅读。题目的顺序通常是经过了编排的，所以答案出现的顺序通常来说是与雅思阅读文章的顺序相同的。

题型四完成句子

· 第一种形式：考鸭需按照要求的字数完成一个从雅思阅读文章中抽取出来的句子。

· 第二种形式：题目中给出了前半个句子(该句与雅思阅读文章内容有关)，考鸭需从若干个选项中选取合适的内容完成这个句子。考鸭有时需要多次使用某一个选项作答。

如果是第一种形式，题目的指示中会说明考鸭最多可以使用多少个单词。最常见的指示会说明“用不超过三个单词和/或一个数字作答”，但有些时候是“一个单词”、或“不超过两个单词” 、或“四个单词”。数字可以用阿拉伯数字、也可以用文字的形式填写。

如果考鸭填写了超过问题指示中所要求的字数，即使所填的内容中包含正确的答案，也会被扣分。缩写的单词不会被作为考试的内容。带有连字符的单词按照一个单词计算。在考鸭需填写单词完成句子的题目中，单词必须是直接从雅思阅读文章中选取的。如果是第二种形式，考鸭需从若干个答案中选择最佳的答案进行作答，并将答案所对应的字母填写在答卷上。选择的答案数量比问题的数量要多。

在几乎所有需要将句首和句尾进行配对的题目里，可供选择的句尾的语法都是符合语法规则的。考鸭需按照意思来将句首和句尾进行配对，而不是通过语法。雅思阅读文章中题目出现的顺序是与雅思阅读文章的顺序相同的。

题型五完成笔记、表格或流程图

考鸭需要使用一个或多个单词来填写笔记、表格或流程图里的空格。题目的指引中会清楚地说明需选择一个词、不超过两个词、三个词或者四个词等。这种题型要求考鸭需能够有效地进行跳读，在雅思阅读文章中寻找相关的段落，并能够有效地进行扫读，寻找相关的句子并对详细信息进行仔细阅读。对于这种题型来说，答案通常会集中出现在文中某一部分，而不是散落在整篇雅思阅读文章中。

· 第一种形式：考鸭需从题目所提供的一组单词和词组中选取合适的一个单词或多个单词进行填空，可选择的单词或词组数量会比需要填写的单词的数量要多。

· 第二种形式：没有可供选择的单词，考鸭需从雅思阅读文章中选取一个单词或词组进行填空。

题型六完成总结

考鸭需要使用一个单词或者多个单词来填写笔记、表格或流程图里的空格。如果考鸭需从雅思阅读文章中选取单词或数字进行填空，题目的指引中会清楚地说明需选择一个词、不超过两个词、三个词或者四个词等。对于这种题型来说，答案通常会集中出现在文中某一部分，而不是散落在整篇雅思阅读文章中。

这种题型最常出现在雅思考试阅读(培训类)的第三部分，但也有可能出现在其他部分。完成总结的对象可能是整篇雅思阅读文章也可能是雅思阅读文章的一部分。有时题目会给出总结所需的小标题，可以帮助考鸭找到需要进行总结的部分。需要总结全文的题目是考察考鸭寻找要点的能力，需要总结部分雅思阅读文章的题目考察的是考鸭寻找补充性的细节信息。

· 第二种形式：没有可供选择的单词，考鸭需从雅思阅读文章中选取一个单词或词组进行填空。

题型七为段落或雅思阅读文章的部分选择相对应的小标题

题目会给出一组小标题，这些小标题对应雅思阅读文章中的部分段落。考鸭需将这些小标题与具体的段落进行配对。通常考鸭需要对7-8个小标题进行配对，而雅思阅读文章可能有不止7-8个段落，有一些小标题可能已经作为示范进行了配对。小标题的数量总是比段落的数量要多，而且每个小标题只能使用一次，所以考鸭需要进行仔细思考再选择。这种题型考察的是考鸭区分要点和补充性细节信息的能力。

题型八寻找信息

在这种题型中，题目出现的顺序与信息出现的顺序是不相同的。考鸭不一定需要在每一段雅思阅读文章中寻找信息。但考鸭有可能需要在同一个段落里寻找不止一个信息，在这种情况下，题目的指引中会对此进行说明。这种题型考察考鸭在段落中寻找特定信息的能力。

考鸭需要寻找的信息包括：

· 特定信息

· 某种事情/事物的例子

· 事件等发生的原因

· 一个描述

· 一个总结

· 一个解释

· 其他

题型九判断作者观点、看法或雅思阅读文章中的具体信息

题目会提供一组表示意见/看法，或是事实性信息的陈述。这种题型考察考鸭进行跳读、扫读和对细节进行阅读理解的能力。

· 针对意见或看法，考鸭需回答这些陈述是否符合或反映了作者的观点或看法。答案的形式有“是”(YES)、“否”(NO)、或“无从判断”(NOT GIVEN)。

· 针对事实性信息，考鸭需回答这些陈述是否与雅思阅读文章中的信息一致。答案的形式有“一致”(TRUE)、“不一致”(FALSE)、或“无从判断”(NOT GIVEN)。

题型十分类

题目会提供一组信息、以及数个类别，这些类别用一个或多个字母代表。考鸭需根据信息的共性将这些信息归类到各个类别中。这种题型考察考鸭能否区分文中信息之间的关系和关联，最常见于涉及事实性信息的雅思阅读文章中，如说明文。考鸭需要进行跳读和扫读以寻找相关的信息并对细节进行阅读理解。

题型十一配对

题目会提供一组内容，如原理、观点、人名、地名、物品等。考鸭需将这些内容与一组选项中的相应内容进行配对。题目指引中会对是否需要使用多次进行配对进行说明。这种题型考察考鸭进行跳读和扫读的能力，以及阅读理解文中某一部分要点的能力。

提示：

· 应仔细阅读题目的指示和说明，这些信息会告诉你在哪里寻找答案、需要如何回答问题、以及答案字数的限定。题目里的指示还会说明答案是否可以多次使用，并提醒你把答案转抄到答卷上。

· 注意大多数的题型下，题目出现的顺序和信息在雅思阅读文章中出现的顺序都是一致的。

· 进行扫读练习，以便能在雅思阅读文章片段中快速寻找与题目相关的关键词。你也可以用扫读练习在段落中寻找关键词。

· 在大多数情况下(如填空题)，你所填写的答案需符合正确的语法要求，正确的单词拼写和词组搭配是非常重要的，出现错误是要被扣分的。

· 在大多数情况下，你可以在雅思阅读文章里找到需要填写的单词，并应将这个词正确仔细地抄在答卷上。运用笔记、表格、图表或流程图中的内容以及范例来预测答案所涉及的信息的类型。

· 在辅导课上，与同学和老师讨论每种题型下答案可能出现的形式。

· 在阅读的时候将关键词和词组用下划线标记出来，并注意题目中的关键词与文中关键词的联系。

· 熟悉同义词以及带有概括作用的词汇，这可以帮助你找到相关信息。

· 练习如何用不同的方式表达相同的意思和信息。

· 思考某些信息之间有什么共性、又有什么不同之处。

· 练习相关的阅读技巧，如跳读、扫读，用于寻找信息。

· 有些考鸭认为只有做题才能帮助提高成绩，因此陷于题海战术。这并不能让考鸭按照希望的那样快速提高成绩，这对备考和英语学习是不利的。备考的过程中应该广泛阅读不同的材料，如报纸、期刊、杂志和书籍，并利用这些资源为备考服务。

· 注意熟悉不同的文体，并且练习如何更好地理解这些文体。在练习中熟悉所有雅思考试阅读(培训类)的题型。

· 要注意阅读的方法不止一种。有的考鸭会一字一句地慢慢地仔细阅读，并把所有的生词划出来，还因为这些生词而打断了阅读的连贯性。你应该明确，考试的主要任务是找到题目的答案，因此考试中运用的阅读技巧与你需要记忆内容时所用的阅读技巧是不同的。考试过程中不应过于担心出现的生词，同时应该在平时多加练习如何根据上下文的语义来猜测生词的意思，尽量不要用字典查每一个生词。

· 在任何时候都要认真阅读题目的指示。有些题型是会有不同的变化形式的，如果不明确题目的要求，你是很容易出现混淆而导致出错的。

· 在阅读的时候应该注意时间限制。如果某个题目你一时找不到答案，就应该继续做下一道题目，避免在某一道题目上花费过多的时间。

· 注意不要过于依赖于从文中寻找某个词来作答。你应该练习如何改述、在文中找到改述的内容。

· 遇到那些题目出现的顺序与雅思阅读文章顺序一致的题型，要记得你是无须返回前文寻找每一个问题的答案的。

雅思阅读模拟题精选及答案详解 Seeking an energy holy trinity

(听说，每天练习一篇雅思阅读的小伙伴都心想事成了呢)

1.雅思阅读材料

Seeking an energy holy trinity

文章源：From Economist.com(Jan 10th 2007)

1 NEELIE KROES, the European Union’s competition commissioner, did not mince her words when reporting on Europe’s energy markets on Wednesday January 10th. Europe’s energy firms have failed to invest in networks and so customers are suffering. Those “vertically integrated” energy companies such as Electricité de France (EDF) or Germany’s E.ON, widely dubbed as “national champions”, are effectively behaving like local monopolies. Shy of competition, eager for artificially high prices, they are helping to block the efficient generation, transmission and distribution of energy on the continent.

2 Energy prices vary wildly across Europe. Ms Kroes wants to see cheaper energy, and intends to push suppliers to divest their distribution network and to get them to invest more in transportation systems so that more energy—in the form of gas, or electricity, for example—can flow easily over borders. It is remarkably hard, for example, for gas-poor Germany to import from the neighbouring, gas-rich Netherlands. Companies that dominate national markets have, so far, had little interest in improving the interconnections which would mean lower prices for consumers across the continent.

3 Ms Kroes, of course, will struggle to get her way. The European Commission, which on the same day presented its recommendation for improving EU energy policy, also wants to see the unbundling of ownership, the legal separation of energy suppliers and transporters, something that the integrated energy companies and interested governments, notably in France and Germany, are bound to oppose ferociously.

4 Complicating the matter is an argument over the security of energy supply in Europe. Much has been made of the risk for western Europe of depending too heavily on Russian exports of gas. Russia under Vladimir Putin is prone to using energy exports as a blunt tool of foreign policy, especially when trying to bully countries in its hinterland. Last year Russia interrupted gas deliveries to Ukraine, affecting supplies in central and western Europe too. This week it blocked oil exports passing via Belarus to Europe, though that spat was soon resolved.

5 The risk is that concerns about security of supply may be used spuriously by those in Europe who oppose the sort of liberalisation encouraged by Ms Kroes. The likes of E.ON and EDF may claim that only protected national champions are able to secure supply, by striking long-term deals with powerful foreign suppliers. The Commission disagrees. Such deals are too often politically motivated and far from transparent. Protection has been tried for long enough and evidently has not worked for the internal market, nor have these companies secured the best deals for consumers from the Russians.

6 In contrast, the Commission's new policy proposes, ideally, a break-up of these companies into suppliers and distributors. (As a second best solution, especially for France and Germany, it recommends the management of the networks by a third party.) Properly independent managers of Europe's energy networks would have a strong incentive to build interconnecting pipelines and power lines across borders. For the gas market another means of ensuring competition and security would be finding a more diverse range of suppliers, for example by building more terminals for the import of liquified natural gas. It would also be likely to mean lower prices, if the example of liberalised Britain over the past ten years is anything to go by.

7 Whether any of this is likely to happen soon, however, is another matter. The Commission is also calling for European governments to agree on a common effort to reduce carbon emissions by at least 20% by (compared with 1990 levels). If America is willing to play ball, the Commission proposes to reduce emissions by as much as 30%. Achieving either target would mean promoting cleaner cars, a more effective emissions-trading system for Europe, wider use of public transport and a sharp increase in the use of renewable sources of energy, like wind and solar power. All that is laudable enough, but will also require political horse-trading as governments—Europe’s leaders are due to meet in March to discuss the various energy proposals—try to avoid commitments that may hurt domestic energy companies or make European firms less competitive than rivals in America, Asia and elsewhere.(689 words)

2.雅思阅读题目

Questions 1-5

Do the following statements reflect the views of the writer in the reading passage?

In boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet write

YES if the statement reflects the views of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information about this in the passage

1. Europe’s energy companies have funded the construction of the distribution network.

2. There has been a wide range of energy prices within Europe.

3. Gas-poor Germany has to pay a price higher than average to import gas from its neighbour.

4. E.ON and EDF may oppose the liberalisation due to their concerns about the security of energy supply.

5. The European Commission proposes to reduce carbon emissions by 30% if the U.S. is willing to cut its.

Questions 6-10

Look at the box of countries below.

Choose One or Two countries to complete the following sentences.

Write your answers in boxes 6-10 on your answer sheet.

Countries

A. Belarus

B. Britain

C. France

D. Germany

E. Russia

F. Ukraine

G. The U.S.

6. It’s dangerous for western Europe to depend too much on gas imports from ……

7. A liberalised policy of energy supply was enforced over ten years in …

8. Last year energy supplies in central and western Europe was affected owing to the interruption of gas deliveries to …

9. The governments in …… are bound to oppose the separation of energy suppliers and transporters?

10. Oil exports passing via … to Europe was blocked this week.

Questions 11-14

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the reading passage above for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14.

11. The EC disagrees with energy firms to strike long-term deals with foreign suppliers because such deals are usually far from …

12. The EC proposes to split those “national champions” into …

13. A more diverse range of suppliers would guarantee …in the European gas market.

14. The realization of carbon emissions reduction would require the promotion of cleaner cars, a better emissions-trading system, wider use of public transport and more use of … of energy.

Key and Explanations:

1. No

See para.1: Europe’s energy firms have failed to invest in networks…

2. Yes

See para.2: Energy prices vary wildly across Europe.

3. Not Given

See para.2: It is remarkably hard, for example, for gas-poor Germany to import from the neighbouring, gas-rich Netherlands.

4. No

See para.5: The risk is that concerns about security of supply may be used spuriously by those in Europe who oppose the sort of liberalisation encouraged by Ms Kroes. The likes of E.ON and EDF may claim that…

5. Yes

See para.7: If America is willing to play ball, the Commission proposes to reduce emissions by as much as 30%.

6. E

See para.4: Much has been made of the risk for western Europe of depending too heavily on Russian exports of gas.

7. B

See para.6: It would also be likely to mean lower prices, if the example of liberalised Britain over the past ten years is anything to go by.

8. F

See para.4: Last year Russia interrupted gas deliveries to Ukraine, affecting supplies in central and western Europe too.

9. C, D

See para.3: …the legal separation of energy suppliers and transporters, something that the integrated energy companies and interested governments, notably in France and Germany, are bound to oppose ferociously.

10. A

See para.4: This week it blocked oil exports passing via Belarus to Europe, though that spat was soon resolved.

11. transparent

See para.5: by striking long-term deals with powerful foreign suppliers. The Commission disagrees. Such deals are too often politically motivated and far from transparent.

12. suppliers and distributors

See the sentences in para.1 (Those “vertically integrated” energy companies such as Electricité de France (EDF) or Germany’s E.ON, widely dubbed as “national champions”…) and para.6 (…the Commission's new policy proposes, ideally, a break-up of these companies into suppliers and distributors.)

13. competition and security

See para.6: For the gas market another means of ensuring competition and security would be finding a more diverse range of suppliers…

14. renewable sources

See para.7: Achieving either target would mean promoting cleaner cars, a more effective emissions-trading system for Europe, wider use of public transport and a sharp increase in the use of renewable sources of energy…

篇7：雅思A类阅读精读和泛读攻略详解

雅思A类阅读精读和泛读攻略详解

一. 雅思A类阅读和G类阅读区别

在探讨备考攻略之前，我们先来简单了解一下雅思A类阅读和G类阅读的区别。雅思A类考试是学术类考试，雅思G类考试是培训类考试，两者在阅读版块的考试是不一样的，使用的试卷不同，另外阅读题型也略有不同，但是考试时间和阅读数量是一样的。接下来，我们来一起来看看如何备考雅思A类阅读。

二. 雅思A类阅读如何备考

1. 一定要做精读练习

备考雅思A类阅读一定要做精读练习。为什么?因为A类阅读对大家阅读能力要求较高，如果只是一味做题对于文章理解力提升帮助不大，而精读练习可以帮助大家透彻理解文章，把握出题规律。

做精读练习材料建议选择剑雅真题，精读练习中重点把握阅读文章中的生词、长难句和文章结构。词汇和长难句建议整理出来并记录，方便以后随时复习。至于文章篇章结构要重点把握因果段落和转折段落，因为这两类是雅思A类阅读经常出题的地方，一定要重点去读，分析出题套路。

2. 泛读练习读什么

雅思阅读还考察大家快速阅读理解文章的能力，所以要做泛读练习来提升自己的英文理解力和阅读速度。泛读的时候建议大家锻炼自己跳读和略读能力，快速把握文章主旨和段落大意。泛读材料可选的有很多，基本标准可参照雅思A类阅读文章的难度，选读一些国外原版的期刊杂志，如果实在找不到泛读材料也可以使用雅思A类阅读机经做泛读练习。雅思阅读机经是根据以往的阅读考题总结出来的，总体上来文章难度与雅思A类阅读相差不大，而机经的备考价值远比不上剑雅真题，所以可以用剑雅真题做精读，用雅思阅读机经做泛读练习。

雅思A类阅读备考不仅要做好精读练习，也要做好泛读练习。精读练习中重点把握生词、长难句和文章结构;泛读练习重点训练自己的跳读和略读能力，确保在考试中能够快速找到关键信息，快速理解文章和段落主旨。

雅思阅读材料：“来自星星的你”为什么会火?

Beer and fried chicken — this seemingly unorthodox combo has been the most sought after late-night snack recently in Yang Xiaoqian’s dormitory on the campus of Central China Normal University.

炸鸡和啤酒，这个看似怪异的搭配，最近竟成了华中师范大学学生杨晓青(音译)宿舍里最受追捧的夜宵。

“All of a sudden, on the tables of many dorms and in Weibo and Weixin (or WeChat) updates, the combo went viral,” says Yang, 19, a Chinese literature major at the university in Wuhan, Hubei province.

“突然间，宿舍的桌上、微博和微信上，这种吃法一下子火了。”华中师范大学中文系学生、19岁的杨晓青这样说道。

Thanks to a South Korean drama currently on air, Man From the Stars, this new mix-and-match junk food trend has become popular among young audiences, despite its unhealthy nature.

因为正在热播的韩剧《来自星星的你》的关系，这一垃圾食品的全新混搭组合尽管有害健康，但还是受到年轻观众的追捧。

Indeed, South Korean TV dramas, or K-drama for short, have been a major force in the South Korean pop-culture wave that has captured the hearts of young Chinese audiences.

的确，韩国电视剧(简称：韩剧)，已成为推动韩国流行文化潮流的主力军，成功虏获了中国年轻观众的心。

According to iQiyi, a video website that features Man From the Stars, by Feb 15, the number of views for the TV drama hit a whopping 370 million in China, where the drama claimed four out of five hot topics spots on TV and on Sina Weibo on the same day.

来自播放《来自星星的你》的视频网站爱奇艺的数据显示，截止到2月15日，该剧在国内的累计播放量达到3.7亿次，与此同时，电视和新浪微博上五分之四的热点话题都被该剧占据。

Yan Feng, professor of Chinese literature at Fudan University, in an interview with Shanghai Morning Post, believes the new wave of South Korean drama is trying to attract a wider audience.

复旦大学中文系教授严峰在接受《新闻晨报》采访时表示，新一轮的韩剧风潮正在吸引更多的观众群体。

“It is interesting to explore what elements of those dramas appeal to audiences. It’s obviously more than just pretty faces and cool poses,” says Yan.

严峰表示，“探寻这些韩剧走红的因素是个有趣的过程。显然，韩剧的背后不仅仅是俊男美女和帅气造型”。

Echoed by audiences, culture critics, academics and insiders of the industry, youth fantasy, creative storylines, cultural proximity, and well-organized production all add up to K-drama’s recipe for success, along with, of course, those handsome and cute faces dressed in the latest fashion trends.

从观众、文化评论家、学者以及业内人士的口中我们可以了解到，青春幻想、创意剧情、文化相似以及制作精良都是韩剧的成功秘诀，当然，更少不了衣着时尚光鲜的俊男美女。

Pretty faces and fashion

俊男美女与时尚的组合

“Everyone fancies a perfect partner, handsome or beautiful,” says Zhou Ying, professor of TV production at Chongqing Technology and Business University. “The South Korean TV industry is feeding this need.” After Lee Min-ho entered the spotlight for his hit show The Inheritors and appeared on CCTV’s annual Spring Festival gala, he became the most famous South Korean in China. Only weeks later, Kim Soo-hyun, lead actor in Man From the Stars, swept the country.

来自重庆工商大学影视制作专业的周颖(音译)教授说：“每个人都幻想着完美的另一半，希望TA是俊男或美女。韩国电视产业正是满足人们的这一需求。”韩星李敏镐因热门剧集《继承者们》而大放异彩后，又现身央视春晚的舞台。如今他已成为中国最知名的韩星。而仅仅几周之后，《来自星星的你》主演金秀贤再次风靡中国。

“It reinforces the fantasy among young people with faces designed for viewers across the spectrum: the next door girl; the rebellious, sophisticated woman; the mature gentleman; little-brother faces. You name it,” says Zhou. “Idol making keeps updating the fantasies among fans and it intentionally caters to each generation’s tastes.”

“剧中的人物满足了不同观众群的审美需求，从而进一步迎合年轻人心中的浪漫情节：邻家女孩;精干熟女;成熟绅士;正太面孔，总有一款适合你”，周颖说。“偶像制造不断刷新着粉丝们的幻想，同时也刻意迎合着每一代人的喜好。”

Apart from pretty faces, fashion is another highlight of the series. Each time actors from the series wear a new set of outfits, similar clothes experience a sales spike online, according to Xiao Yi, a Taobao store owner based in Beijing.

除了俊俏的面孔外，时尚是该剧的另一个亮点。演员每次出场都如同“换装秀”。来自北京的淘宝店主肖逸(音译)表示，同款衣服在网上十分热销。

Zhou says that besides economic gains for South Korean appliances, make-up, food and fashion items, those pretty faces are re-constructing South Korea’s national image.

周颖认为，一方面韩剧带动了韩国家电、化妆品、食品和时尚用品的热销;另一方面，俊男美女们也重塑了韩国的国民形象。

“South Korea is imagined in accordance with those depictions in TV dramas, which is good national branding,” says Zhou.

“人们会根据电视剧里的描写来设想韩国，这是很好的国家品牌宣传。”周颖说。

Creative narrations

创造性的剧情

With love triangles, incurable diseases, and Cinderella tales, storylines in South Korean dramas may seem a bit commonplace. The Man From the Stars challenges this norm by integrating aliens and time travel into these existing narrations.

三角恋、绝症、灰姑娘，这些韩剧剧情似乎显得太过老套了。而《来自星星的你》将外星人和穿越融入到剧情当中，颠覆了韩剧剧情的定式。

Peng Sanyuan, a Beijing-based screenwriter, says a focus on detail is a key factor in the success of these dramas.

来自北京的剧作家彭三源表示，专注细节是这些剧集成功的关键因素。

“In order to accurately target audiences and find emotional resonance with them, more and more female writers are emerging in the industry,” says Peng about her experience of exchanging ideas with South Korean colleagues.

彭三源谈起自己曾与韩国同事交流想法：“为准确定位观众，找到与观众的情感共鸣，电视编剧行业不断涌现出女性作家的身影。”

Ma Ke, from Sohu.com, compares K-drama and Japanese drama. “Dramatic twists are more frequent in K-dramas, while urban love stories, a common theme, are often innovated by, for example, adding an alien,” says Ma. “That gives a sense of freshness to people who just want to know how everything is sorted out in such an impossible plot.”

来自搜狐网的马可(音译)对韩剧和日剧进行了一番比较。“峰回路转的剧情在韩剧中更常见，而都市爱情故事这个‘老生常谈’要想出新的话，就可能会加入外星人等元素，”马可说。“这给人一种新鲜感，观众仅仅是想知道在如此不可思议的情境下剧情是如何发展的。”

According to both experts, South Korean writers somehow make sense of these plots, no matter how unlikely it seems.

以上两位专业人士都认为，韩国编剧总是有办法让这些看似离谱的剧情变得合情合理。

雅思阅读材料：2035年世界上将没有贫穷的国家

微软创始人、世界首富比尔·盖茨近日在接受采访时表示，到2035年世界上将几乎没有贫穷的国家，那些贫穷的国家将会从富裕的邻国伙伴们的创新受益。

“到那个时候几乎所有的国家将会成为中低收入国家或者更为富有的国家。贫穷的国家会从周围最具生产力的邻国身上学习经验，并且受益于他们的创新，比如新的疫苗、优质的种子以及数字变革。而他们本身的廉价的劳动力、鼓励政策以及逐步普及的教育都会吸引更多的投资者。到2035年绝大多数的国家都会比现在中国的人均收入要高。”

“到时候将会有超过70%的国家的人均收入超过现在的中国人民的人均收入，而接近90%的国家的人均收入会赶上并超过现在的印度人民的人均收入。”

盖茨说富裕国家和贫穷国家之间的差距将会慢慢地由中国、印度、巴西等一些国家填补。从1960开始，中国的人均收入翻了8倍，印度的升了4倍，巴西也几乎上涨了5倍。

比尔·盖茨还称当前存在三大误区阻碍了全球发展：穷国将永远穷下去;外国援助是极大的浪费;拯救生命会导致人口过剩。

“那些认为世界正变得越来越糟糕，我们不能解决贫穷以及疾病问题都是误解，并且有很大的危害，”盖茨写道。“不管通过什么标准衡量，世界都在不断地变好。很明显在接下来的二十年里也会变得更好。”

As snowy Davos becomes engulfed in the hustle and bustle of another World Economic Forum, Microsoft (MSFT) founder Bill Gates took the opportunity to deliver an upbeat message in his annual newsletter.

The 25-page report, written by Gates and his wife Melinda, who are co-chairs of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, argued that the world is a better place than it has ever been before.

Gates predicted that by 2035, there would be almost no poor countries left in the world, using today's World Bank classification of low-income countries — even after adjusting for inflation.

“Poor countries are not doomed to stay poor. Some of the so-called developing nations have already developed,” he said in his annual note, published on Tuesday.

“I am optimistic enough about this that I am willing to make a prediction. By 2035, there will be almost no poor countries left in the world.”

Gates — who remains a part-time chairman of Microsoft — added that by this point in time, almost all countries will be “lower-middle income” or richer.

Countries will learn from their most productive neighbors and benefit from innovations like new vaccines, better seeds, and the digital revolution, he said.

“By almost any measure, the world is better than it has ever been. People are living longer, healthier lives. Extreme poverty rates have been cut in half in the past 25 years. Child mortality is plunging. Many nations that were aid recipients are now self-sufficient,” he said.

The three biggest myths, according to Gates, are that poor countries are doomed to stay poor, that foreign aid is a big waste and that saving lives leads to overpopulation.

Using data from academics, the World Bank and the United Nations, he makes the opposite case — arguing that the world is getting better.

“I understand why people might hold these negative views. This is what they see in the news. Bad news happens in dramatic events that are easy for reporters to cover,” he said.

“Countries are getting richer, but it's hard to capture that on video. Health is improving, but there's no press conference for children who did not die of malaria.”

According to the World Bank's preliminary estimates, the extreme poverty rate was halved between 1990 and . This meant that 21 percent of people in the developing world lived on or below $1.25 a day, down from 43 percent in 1990 and 52 percent in 1981.

The World Bank last year set a goal of decreasing the global extreme poverty rate to no more than 3 percent by 2030.

雅思阅读

篇8：雅思阅读选择题的做题思路详解

雅思阅读选择题的做题思路详解

首先，我们先看一下什么叫雅思阅读中的“单选题”：

A recent survey found that in British secondary schools

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

雅思阅读单选题的题干一般是一个句子的前半部分，选项是题干所给半句的后半部分(如下题)。题干和正确的选项可以构成一个完整的句子，这个句子是对原文相应句子的替换，因此单选题实际上要求同学们做句子的配对，显然，长难句理解是单选题考察的重点。而很多同学并不能很好地理解句子，因此会觉得选择题难度比较大。

正确的思维过程做选择题的步骤是：

1. 读题、明确定位词。在读题的时候，同学们只需要去看题干，用题干所给信息进行定位。如下题：

【例题1】

A recent survey found that in British secondary schools

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

【分析】

题干问“最近的一个研究发现英国的中学怎么样了”，在题干中提到了具化的概念“英国的中学 ”，所以这就是我们用来定位的词，回到原文看哪个词或词组表达出了“英国中学”这个概念。(注意：不要用“原词”定位，要用“含义”，因此词可能会被替换，哪怕是名词)

tips

注意：

1. 选择题的题干往往是一些普通词，因此在读题时必须要了解题干所表达的“事情”或“含义”;2.读题时不需要看选项，因为有三个干扰项，所以看选项基本是往枪口上撞，很有可能影响原文的理解。

2. 定位并理解。带着我们对“题干信息”的理解定位到原文，并对原文的定位词对应点所在的句子进行仔细阅读并且理解，必要的时候需要看前后的句子。

Bullying can take a variety of forms, from the verbal - being taunted or called hurtful names - to the physical - being kicked or shoved - as well as indirect forms, such as being excluded from social groups. A survey I conducted with Irene Whitney found that in British primary schools up to a quarter of pupils reported experience of bullying, which in about one in ten cases was persistent. There was less bullying in secondary schools, with about one in twenty-five suffering persistent bullying, but these cases may be particularly recalcitrant.

【分析】

通过阅读原文，我们看得出在文章中第一句告知读者“欺负有很多形式及其具体的形式”，第二句告知读者作者跟Irene进行的英国小学的研究，这些句子中都没有出现“英国的中学”的表达，因此快速扫过，不用进行精确理解。但是到了第三句话，出现了secondary school，是我们要找的“中学”的概念，所以对这句话进行精读理解：在英国有着较少的欺负，有着1/25是持续的欺负，但是中学生是特别具有反抗性的。并且思考：less是跟谁的对比?本句话并没有than，说明是跟前一句的“小学情况”在作对比——英国中学的欺负比小学少。

3.选择答案。带着我们对原文的理解，从四个选项中选择与原文表达一致的选项，或者排除干扰项。与原文表达一致的选项即是TRUE，干扰项一般是与原文表达矛盾(FALSE)或者在原文中没有出现(NOT GIVEN)。有同学可能会觉得很难——做一道选择题相当于做了四道判断题咯?要注意，选择题只需要选出TRUE来，那些FALSE和NOT GIVEN是统统不选的。因此于同学们而言，选择题的选项大概就是TRUE和NOT TRUE两类，因此不用担心其太难。

【例题】

A recent survey found that in British secondary schools

A there was more bullying than had previously been the case.

B there was less bullying than in primary schools.

C cases of persistent bullying were very common.

D indirect forms of bullying were particularly difficult to deal with.

【分析】

通过我们对上文的理解，我们得知在英国的中学，欺负的情况是比小学少的，第二个选项的表述与原文一致，答案选B。第一个选项说“与以前相比，有更多的欺负”，原文中并没有与以前相比较，所以是NOT GIVEN;第三个选项说“持续性的欺负是很常见的”，把本题当做判断题来看的话，定位部分是“cases of persistent bullying”，考察点是“very common”，然而原文中说“one in twenty five suffer persistent bullying”，只有1/25是持续性的欺负，与题目的very common矛盾，属于FALSE选项;最后一个选项说“间接欺负形式特别难于对付”，定位部分是“indirect forms of bullying”，考点部分是“particularly difficult to deal with”，原文中只是在第一句中提到了indirect forms of bullying，但是只是对其举例，并没有提到“是否难于对付”，属于NOT GIVEN。

最后的总结我们再来梳理一下做选择题的思维过程：

1.首先看题干，利用题干的所给信息(一般是普通的具化名词)定位;

2.定位到原文后，对定位词所在的句子精读并且理解;

3.带着理解到选项中选出与原文表达一致的选项，排除不一致的选项。

很多同学比较担心，如果这样做选择题，就相当于做了四个判断题，但是实际上没有那么难，因为判断题要求我们精确地分辨出FALSE和NOT GIVEN，但是选择题则不用，不论是F还是NG，我们都不选。所以选择题的选项只有两个，即TRUE和NOT TRUE。

另外，做题时大家一定要仔细分析每个选项，除了能知道正确答案的正确性之外，还要能知道为什么不选其他三个。

雅思阅读5大未解之谜

1.先看文章还是先看题目

这里提到的看文章，指的是通读全文。做题前，到底需不需要先看完整篇文章呢?

如果用自己的方法完成得很好，无论别人是先看文章还是先看题目，都不要学。因为别人的方法不管多好也都是别人的，只有自己的方法才用得最顺手。倘若自己有方法，又能保证效率和正确率，何必介怀自己的做法与别人的不同呢? 不过，如果你没有那么厉害的词汇量、不凡的理解力，而且根据自己的方法做得并不满意，或者自己根本就没有概念应该怎么做。做阅读题时，在有限的时内，如果先看完文章再做题目通常无法高效、准确地达到目的，而且大多数题目并不需要通读全文。鉴于此，建议大部分同学直接看题目，再根据题目中的定位词有针对性地去文中搜索答案，以达到省时、精确的目的。

2.做题前，是否要看每个段落的首末句?

既然不需要通读全文，那么有些人就会建议同学在做题之前，先预览一下每个段落的首末句，以达到了解全文大意的目的。

能迅速、精确地理解每段首末句固然可贵，但不一定所有同学都能办到。

事实是，很多同学看句子很慢，而且理解得不那么轻松，就算坚持把每段的首末句都看完，也不一定能理解到位。尤其是雅思阅读考试，不是所有的文章都有考到 List of Headings 等主旨题的，不少文章都是考细节的题目，就算看了首末句也未必能帮助我们解题。而对于各位考生而言，解题才是首要任务。

再则，理解全文大意真的需要这么大费周章吗?理解了全文标题不也可以办到?例子：Cambridge 5 Test 2 Passage 3 ‘The Birth of Scientific English’Cambridge 5 Test 3 Passage 3 ‘The Return of Artificial Intelligence’看了这两篇文章的题目能马上明白全文大意和主要方向吧?

这个太简单?换一个!找篇题目是生词的文章：Cambridge 8 Test 1 Passage 3 ‘Telepathy’很多人不认识这个词，怎么办?看导语或者首段，通常会对标题进行解释。所以一看标题下方的导语 ‘Can human beings communicate by thought alone?’ 有没有马上清楚文章的走向?

所以，对于理解句子不擅长的同学，做题的时候可以略去这个步骤，改为理解文章的框架，也就是标题，插图或是首段等等。

3.做题的基本步骤?两步?三步?

其实，在真正熟悉了考试的出题规律和题型后，做题几步走这个问题根本就不值得深究。重要的是所有的步骤中一定都要涵盖以下几个方面：framework ——文章框架，即标题、副标题、插图等，这些能帮我们了解全文大意;instructions ——题目说明，能让我们明确解题方式，不至于答对内容却违反规则;question-understanding ——明确题目所指，不至于答非所问;key words ——划定位词能帮我们迅速定位到题目在文中的出处;intensive reading ——找到答案后，如果不能认真精读，将功亏一篑。

4.先做填空类的还是选择类的题目?

雅思阅读的题型总体可以归为两种：填空类和选择类。

填空类，比如摘要题 summary , 句子填空题 sentence completion , 简答题 short-answer questions 以及图表题 diagrams ;

选择类，比如段落大意题 list of headings , 选择题 multiple choice , 是非无判断题 TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN , 还有各种匹配题 matching 。在熟悉了各种题型后，有些同学也许会发现自己的薄弱题型，有些同学可能还没有明确的概念。有些老师就会建议同学考试的时候先做填空类的题目，这个建议可圈可点，考虑到有些同学在短时间内根本做不完题目，那么如果先做填空题会相对减少一点风险，毕竟到最后一分钟，如果剩下的是选择类题型，还有机会蒙，如果剩下的是填空题，岂不是连蒙的机会都基本没有了?所以，对于填空题还比较擅长但速度上不去的同学，这是个不错的建议。不过，那些做填空类题目并不太擅长的同学要慎用上面的建议，因为时间要花在刀刃上。试想一下，如果我们在时间比较充足的情况下，却把大部分时间浪费在我们做不对的题目上，而导致选择类题目有可能做对，却全交给命运来蒙，是不是太遗憾了呢?

在短时间内保证正确率是最重要的，所以，还是建议同学们先做自己擅长的题型，不管哪一种。

5.是否要按照文章或者题目的排列顺序做题呢?

雅思阅读大部分的套题中，文章的难度系数都是递增的，所以是不是做题的时候按顺序从第一篇做到第三篇比较好呢?或者说一开始把第三篇先做了，迎难而上?

不知道各位有没有注意到，几乎每次看考生在考试后写的考试回顾，总会看到有同学说这次阅读题好难，也会有同学回忆这次阅读题好简单。这很正常，因为每个人对于难度的理解是不一样的，从专业的角度来看也许挺难的，可有一些同学就是刚好就对了。就好像看歌唱比赛，有时观众觉得唱得特别好的却被专家否决，观众觉得不怎么样的却挺进前几名甚至拿下冠军。有时候并不是比赛不公正，只是因为我们还不够专业，不能抓住要领罢了。所以就算第三篇阅读比较难，也会有一些同学觉得 so so , 而且三篇未做完之前，大家根本就不能保证一定是第三篇最难还是最简单。有时候我们觉得第三篇特别难或许只是因为考试时间快结束了，心里特别紧张使得题目的难度无形中加大，所以不如调整好态，给每篇文章尽量充足的时间。

如果考试的时候，大家速度还没那么快，那可以接受自己每篇都有几道题做不出来，但是不能接受前面全做了，到最后一篇几道题还来不及看时间已经到了。听起来好像效果是一样的，但是过程却有很大不同。每篇都有几道题没做出来，是因为我们看了，可是会(要么单词不懂，要么定位不到，要么句子不能理解透)，不管什么原因，碰到这种情况建议果断跳过蒙个答案，就算错了也不可惜;可是剩余题目没来得及看就被宣判死刑，我们怎么知道我们一定做不出来呢?

至于题目顺序，我们的目标只有一个：在有限的时间内尽快做对我们能应付得来的题目。所以，如果第三题能先找到，为什么一定要拘泥于题目的序号，从第一题开始做呢?

举个例子：Cambridge 4 Test 3 Passage 3 ‘The Return of Artificial Intelligence’Questions 32-3732. The researchers who launched the field of AI had worked together on other projects in the past.33. In 1985, AI was at its lowest point.34. Research into agent technology was more costly than research into neural networks.35. Applications of AI have already had a degree of success.36. The problems waiting to be solved by AI have not changed since 1967.37. The film : A Space Odyssey reflected contemporary ideas about the potential of AI computers.

比如上面这几道题，我们知道判断题大多为顺序题型，而 33、36 题中分别有数字 1985 和 since 1967 ; 37 题中有斜体 2001: A Space Odyssey , 如果利用这些特征，先做这三题是不是能更快速找到答案?然后在 33 和 36 中间找 34、35 题，在 33 题前面找 32 题，会不会更容易呢?为什么一定要从头开始做呢?

雅思阅读考试题目预测：We have star performers

文章题目 We have star performers

重复年份 0114 1124

题材商业管理

题型段落细节配对 4+判断 4+填空 5

文章大意人才与天赋，讨论人才和选人标准之间的论证。讲公司考核员工主要的依据，

talents, 文章批判了传统的观点(才能是与生俱来的，是不变的，是需要公

司去发现的)。文章先用一段肯定了有才能的人的存在，然后分段讲到，才

能是随时间变化的，是不能被精确度量的，是可以凭努力换来的。

参考答案：

段落细节配对：

28 One example from non-commerce/business settings that better system wins bigger stars F

29 One failed company that believes stars rather than system B

30 One suggestion that author made to acquire employees then to win the competition nowadays G

31 One metaphor to human medical anatomy that illustrates the problems of hiring stars. C

判断：

32 McKinsey who wrote The War for Talent had not expected the huge influence made by this book. NG

33 Economic condition becomes one of the factors which decide whether or not a country would prefer to hire foreign employees. YES

34 The collapse of Enron is caused totally by a unfortunate incident instead of company’s management mistake. NO

35 Football clubs that focus making stars in YES

填空：

An investigation carried out on 1000 36 analysts of a survey by Harvard Business Review found a company hire a 37 star has negative effects. For instance, they behave considerably worse in a new team than in the 38 working environment that they used to be. They move faster than wall street and increase their 39 salary. Secondly, they faced rejections or refuse from those 40 rivals within the team. Lastly, the one who made mistakes had been punished by selling his/her stock share.

篇9：雅思阅读8000词汇量突破方法详解

雅思阅读8000词汇量突破方法详解

一、背单词：关注动词、形容词

无论是初高中生这样的低龄烤鸭，还是已经通过四六级考试，有一定积累的大学生烤鸭，在雅思备考的过程中，记诵8000个雅思词汇都是必过的一关。然而，由于备考时间有限、考生自身偷懒等原因，能够完整背完红宝书的同学可谓少之又少。如何高效背雅思单词，以下几点建议供大家参考。

1.背什么?

在平时的雅思教学中，我通常会建议同学们根据词性筛选出需要记诵的单词。其中，词性为动词、形容词的词是必须掌握的，因为它们往往带有一定的感情色彩，如反对/支持、鼓励/抵制等等，而这些，也是雅思考试multiple choice、list of headings、matching等题型经常考察的出题点。

有同学可能有疑问，其它词性的单词，如名词、副词不需要我们记诵吗?答案是不需要的。名词可以分为两类，一类是抽象名词，这些词往往可以由我们熟悉的动词或形容词变形而来，如significance、importance等等，无需我们单独记忆;而另一类名词，是令考生在做阅读过程中非常头痛的专有名词，这些词是不需要考生花时间记忆的。在新东方在线的阅读课堂里，我们会教授学员处理这些专有名词的方法，将其变为定位词，或用其首字母作为符号代码，在不影响阅读的同时精准定位、答题。而至于副词，它们通常可以由我们记忆过的形容词变形而来，也不需要再花时间进行背诵。

2.背多少?

背诵的量，也是困扰很多考生的一大难题。有的同学喜欢使用一些单词记忆软件，并按照软件规划的量进行学习。这里，我给大家的建议是，每天背诵至少300个的词汇，并且每5天安排一次复习。只有足够大的背诵量才能够保证记忆下来的词汇量，只有定期的回顾，才能确保记忆下来的词汇不会忘记。

3.怎么背?

诚然，使用手机软件为同学们记忆词汇提供了便利，但是我仍然不建议大家将手机软件作为主要的学习的平台。如果可以，建议大家使用新东方的红宝书，记诵上面的动词、形容词，并通过抄写的方式练习单词拼写，以免听力部分因为拼写基本功不牢导致失分;此外，再安装一个可以添加词汇到单词本的手机软件进行辅助，在学习、生活的空隙进行刷词，养成随时记诵单词的好习惯，并对不确定的读音进行标记，减少口语考试中因发音不准造成的失分。

二、总结整理：归纳同义词、形近词

雅思阅读中，单词的学习不仅来源于机械的词汇背诵，还与平时阅读训练中的积累有关。经常有同学向我反馈，平时做完阅读，订正完答案，感觉阅读材料就这样处理完了，学得不够透彻。在新东方在线的课堂上，我们要求学员认真对待每一篇自己做过的阅读，从单词学习来看，主要体现在总结整理这一方面。

1.归纳同义词

雅思阅读考察的本质上同义替换，大多数的题目都可以通过“定位+选择/照抄”的步骤来解决。要想快速、精准定位，掌握题干与原文间的同义词(组)非常重要。我们一般会建议考生在做完阅读题目之后，自行归纳出文章中出现的同义替换词，并与课堂上我们下发的“剑4-剑9同义替换词”材料进行比对，找出自己不熟悉的同义词(组)，进行摘抄、记忆。这一训练不仅可以帮助学生更好、更快地进行阅读部分地答题，还可以帮助其在写作部分进行词汇升级与替换，提高写作分数。

2.归纳形近词

形近词的整理，可以帮助学生发现单词背诵过程中掌握不牢的地方。如object/objective、exceptional/exceptionable等等。这些词的归纳、记忆，可以避免考生在阅读过程中的不必要失分。

单词，是雅思考试的基础。对于雅思阅读的备考而言，单词很重要，需要投入大量的时间;备考也有巧方法，可以提高考生的备考效率。希望以上方法可以给考生们的阅读备考提供一点帮助，新东方雅思的全体教师祝大家考试顺利，成功屠鸭。

你所忽略的雅思阅读定位词

首先，我们来看一下剑桥6P91的Q17。

As a result, factors such as 17_______ and attitudes to children have been eliminated ...

文中出现了我们非常熟悉的and结构，找到attitudes基本上距离答案就不远了。另外，并列结构 such as 前的factors,以及部分考鸭不太熟悉的eliminated,也具有提示作用。回到原文定位。

Now a long-term study carried out in Nicaragua has eliminated these factors by showing that teaching reading to poor adult women, who would other wise have remained illiterate, has a direct effect on their children's health and survival.

我们找到了factors和eliminated，但既没有找到and结构，也没找到attitudes。不少考鸭会习惯性继续向下寻找，进而距离答案越来越远。这里，我们忽视掉了非常重要的一个代词these。它用来指代前面的结构，也暗示前面出现了我们需要的factors。我们只需向前看一句，便轻松得到了答案。

Most literate women learnt to read in primary school, and the fact that a woman has had aneducation may simply indicate her family's wealth or that it values its children more highly.

我们会发现两个并列结构 and和or, 而题目中and 后跟的‘attitudes to children ’与这句话中‘it values itschildren more highly ’做了同义转述，所以答案应为or前方的 family’s wealth，选项J即为答案。这里attitude 的同义转述无形中增加了难度，即使大家先于定位句看到这句话也不容易得到答案。但是，有了these的提示，并谨记‘代词向前看’这一原则，相信答案就会乖乖地到碗里来。

同样的案例也出现在了剑桥8的P29，请大家自行完成。

Positive results could be produced by factors such as 34 ………… or 35 ………….

原文: Just because chance had been ruled out as an explanation did not prove telepathy must exist; there were many other ways of getting positive results. These ranged from 'sensory leakage' - whereclues about the pictures accidentally reach the receiver - to outright fraud. In response, the researchers issued a review of all the ganzfeld studies done up to 1985 to show that 80 per cent had found statistically significant evidence. However, they also agreed that there were still too many problems inthe experiments which could lead to positive results, and they drew up a list demanding new standards for future research.

我们发现，上面的案例还仅仅局限于两句之间的代词指代作用，但如果大家的认识仅仅局限于此，就太小看代词these了。下面咱们再看一个例子，这个题目是来自剑桥9P21的Q14，为文章的B段选标题。

原文:

In discussing whether we are alone, most SETI scientists adopt two ground rules. First, UFOs (Unidentified Flying Objects) are generally ignored since most scientists don’t consider the evidence for them to be strong enough to bear serious consideration although it is also important to keep anopen mind in case any really convincing evidence emerges in the future. Second, we make a veryconservative assumption that we are looking for a life form that is pretty well like us, since if it differs radically from us we may well not recognize it as a life form, quite apart from whether we are able tocommunicate with it. In other words, the life form we are looking for may well have two green heads and seven fingers, but it will nevertheless resemble us in that it should communicate with its fellows, be interested in the Universe, live on a planet orbiting a star like our Sun, and perhaps most restrictively, have a chemistry, like us, based on carbon and water.

我已经非常善良地为大家划出了体现此段结构的关键提示，但当你看到选项‘iv. Assumptions underlying the search for extra terrestrial intelligence ’时，不知是否有绝对把握选择它。在非常短的时间内选出这个答案还是需要实力的，而且不少考鸭即使选中此选项也不是特别确定，心理上的波动对下面的题目也会有一定影响。但是当我们看到C段首句‘Even when we make these assumptions, our understanding of other life forms is still severely limited.’时，我们会非常自信地选出答案iv。这里，these assumptions 对上一段信息做了概括，可见these的强大。同样的案例在剑桥7P70的Q14也有所体现，只不过将B段首句中的techniques替换为了iv.选项中的methods罢了。

实际上，在代词家族中this、that、they、those等都有类似用法，有心的考鸭可以在平时的学习中做个有心人，留意观察，并谨记‘代词向前看’的原则，相信这些起到指代作用的代词会在大家夺取雅思阅读高分的路上助大家一臂之力。另外，在雅思写作中合理使用代词起到暗连接作用也是备受考官亲睐的,大家不妨试一下。

雅思阅读考试题目预测：Ocean power

文章题目 Ocean power

重复年份 0829A 1024

题材能源

题型选择 3+配对 5+句子填空 5

文章大意本文介绍了各种海洋资源，包括了潮汐能、洋流能、波浪能和海底热能。

部分答案参考：

选择

在海洋中建立 Tidal power plant 的 positive effects?

A. A range of sea shore

B. cost of establishing a tidal power plant

C. it is helpful to establish transportation system

D. effect of fish and some other sea life around

配对题

A. Tidal energy

B. Current energy

C. Thermal energy

1. which kind of energy has already been subject to a successful trial A

2. A

3. Which kind of energy has been largely used during the past time? B

4. Which kind of energy has failed in an experiment? C

摘要总结题

1. Water, above 30 ℃, will be 冲到水底产生能量

2. ammonia

3. 热能机制里用到了水冲刷 turbine 的原理

4. 深度是海底 500 米

雅思阅读考试题目预测：Expert in musician

重复年份 20160130 0517

题材人文社科

题型选择 4+判断 6+填空 4

文章大意：天赋是遗传先天的还是靠练习，主要以音乐为例。讨论坚持不懈对成功的作用和他们的关系。首先探讨了毅力是否是成功的必要条件，并阐述了众多学家就此提出的各类观点。在论证天才是不是也需要坚持不懈时，举例了莫扎特一个人坚持找工作的过程。最后证明了坚持不懈和成功的关系密切。

分参考答案：

选择：

1. what's the definition of talent in the first paragraph

brain structure different from others

2. what can we learn from violin players?

Not sure the change of brain size is the cause of effect of practice

3. the result of findings by experts suggest

Talent may have little to do with ....

雅思阅读考试题目预测： Dust and American

文章题目 Dust and American

重复年份 20150801 0718 0214

题材环保

题型判断 7+填空 6

文章大意

美国沙漠化问题。美国西南沙尘的起源，历史，调查对大平原地带的影响，产生的问题

部分答案参考：

1.The dust had shot up dramatically since the second half of 19 century True

2.The Aztec civilization disappeared due to the dust in the atmospheres false

3.Before people bringing castles southwest has a lot of basins in great plain false

4. Basins 'number decrease since European settlers found them are easy to be hu

nt not given

5. Railway building used more money than expected not given

6. &&&hand railway company work hard to protect the land they own false

7. Until today the land belongs to company still infertile. True

填空：

1930s law. Limit 8 cattle herbs

Today BF research where the dust comes from ? China?

Analysis components and 9 size From southwest

BN soil cannot be destroyed by high 10 wind

Soil can be destroyed by cattle hooks

Analyzing 11 lake sediments

Discover. 12 nutrients

Dust cannot be blamed for gradual disappearance of. Snow and 13 glaciers

篇10：雅思阅读段落匹配题答题方法详解

雅思阅读段落匹配题答题方法详解

顾名思义，段落信息匹配是指题目中给出若干个句子，且均是原文某段中某些细节内容的改写，要求考生在题号前写出这些句子含义所在的段落编号，有时题目要求中会提示：NB you may use any letter more than once. 这便意味着至少有两道题目出自同一段落。本题型着重考察信息筛选与定位的能力。

解答此类题目试，首先要关注是否有“more than once”这样的提示，然后读一下每道题目的句子，大致判断其在文中的位置，各题目大致排序，然后到目标段落定位关键词，关键词指的是题目中句子的核心词或词组，当然，这些词和词组在原文必然会以同义词的形式出现，要注意甄别。

细节性的规律为，如果某道题描述的是背景、历史，比如带有明显的backgroundhistory这种提示词，则重点去文章第一二段定位答案，此两段重点描述写作背景，如果题目描述中带有比较明显的预测、未来、推广等含义则重点去末尾两段定位，此两段主要是对整篇文章的总结和对未来的展望。

下面我们以剑桥真题6中第一套题的第一篇文章做个较为细致的讲解。

1) a reference to the exchange of expertise between different sports

分析：通过reference一词可以得知本句是关于某个内容的介绍，而介绍是背景段的主要作用，本题主要介绍的是不同体育项目，因此定位在1~2段。其中提到不同项目，主要找举例、不同、差异这类定位词，可以看到B段第三句AIS scientists work across a number of sports，applying skills learned in one对应题目1中的the exchange of expertise between different sports。

2) an explanation of how visual imaging is employed in investigations

分析：通过explanation一词可以看出本句属于原理解释，位于文章中间，解释的对象是视觉影响，也就是说要去文章中间几段定位影像、图片、照片等关键词。我们可以从文中C段明显看到3D这一表示相机和拍照的大写定位，顺而向下可以看到在倒数第二句It collects images from digital cameras running at 50 frames a second，这句话对应题目中的视觉影像一词。

3) a reason for narrowing the scope of research activity

分析：通过narrowing一词可以说明本句意思是缩小研究领域的原因。可知，研究领域的确定应该在具体研究开始之前，上一题中已经开始阐述具体通过视觉影像来进行研究，所以本题定位在C之前。可以看到B段倒数第二句They all focus on one aim： winning.对应题目3中的narrowing the scope of research activity。

4) how some AIS ideas have been reproduced

解析：Reproduce一词意思为复制和效仿，根据文章整体结构我们可以明显判断出此类观点出现在文章结尾。F段首句Of course， there's nothing to stop other countries copying-and many have tried.

5) how obstacles to optimum achievement can be investigated

分析：本题也是考察某种因素是如何被调查研究的，通过第2和第3题，我们可以发现，调查研究属于文章CD两段内容，其中C重点说视觉影响，而D段其中第三句'His turn times were 44 hundredths of a second behind the other guy，' says Mason. 'If he can improve on his turns，he can do much better，这句话是指影响运动员提高表现的因素是如何被提高和改善的。

6) an overview of the funded support of athletes

分析：overview一词表明此题是对某内容的综述，应该直接定位文章首段，文章A段主要概述了澳大利亚对运动员的支持，其中倒数第二句， Another body， the Australian Sports Commission ， finances programmes of excellence in a total of 96 sports for thousands of sportsmen and women. 对应题目6中的the funded support.

7) how performance requirements are calculated before an event

分析：本题需要定位比赛开始前所发生的事情，E段讲述了比赛前对成绩的预期和训练。其中第二句Well before a championship， sports scientists and coaches start to prepare the athlete by developing a 'competition model'，对应题目7中的before an event.

雅思考试阅读模拟试题及答案解析

When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January 2004， the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining. One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries where anti-globalisers’ favourite enemy operates.

So far Mr Hennequin is doing well. Last year European sales increased by 5.8% and the number of customers by 3.4%， the best annual results in nearly 15 years. Europe accounted for 36% of the group’s profits and for 28% of its sales. December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly.

Mr Hennequin’s recipe for revival is to be more open about his company’s operations， to be “locally relevant”， and to improve the experience of visiting his 6，400 restaurants. McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment and simply for being American. Mr Hennequin says he wants to engage in a dialogue with the public to address these concerns.

He introduced “open door” visitor days in each country which became hugely popular. In Poland alone some 50，000 visitors came to McDonald’s through the visitors’ programme last year. The Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.

Mr Hennequin also wants people to know that “McJobs”， the low-paid menial jobs at McDonald’s restaurants， are much better than people think. But some of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union. Politicians accused the firm of a ploy to make cheap labour from eastern Europe more easily available to McDonald’s managers across the continent.

To stay in touch with local needs and preferences， McDonald’s employs local bosses as much as possible. A Russian is running McDonald’s in Russia， though a Serb is in charge of Germany. The group buys mainly from local suppliers. Four-fifths of its supplies in France come from local farmers， for example. (Some of the French farmers who campaigned against the company in the late 1990s subsequently discovered that it was， in fact， buying their produce.) And it hires celebrities such as Heidi Klum， a German model， as local brand ambassadors.

In his previous job Mr Hennequin established a “design studio” in France to spruce up his company’s drab restaurants and adapt the interior to local tastes. The studio is now masterminding improvements everywhere in Europe. He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends.

Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market. But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America. The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France， but Britain.

“Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS. Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned， compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America. The company suffers from the volatility of sales at its own restaurants， but can rely on steady income from franchisees. So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer.

M.Mark Wiltamuth， an analyst at Morgan Stanley， estimates that European company-owned restaurants’ margins will increase slightly to 16.4% in 2007. This is still less than in the late 1990s and below America’s 18-19% today. But it is much better than before Mr Hennequin’s reign. He is already being tipped as the first European candidate for the group’s top job in Illinois. Nobody would call that a McJob.

Questions 1-6

Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-6 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statement reflects the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

1. McDonald was showing the sign of recovery in all European countries except France after Denis Hennequin took office as the boss of Euro-markets.

2. Starting from last year， detailed labels are put on McDonald’s packaging and detailed information is also printed on tray-liners.

3. France is said to be the most anti-American country in Europe， but the ideas of the “open door” visiting days and “McPassport” are invented in the French market.

4. Britain possesses the weakest McDonald market among European countries and approximately 1214 McDonald’s restaurants are company-owned.

5. According to David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS， David Hennequin should treat the problem about McDonald in Britain as the most important thing.

6. David Palmer suggested that the management of McDonalod in Italy should sell as many its outlets which lose money in business as possible for revival.

Questions 7-10

Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 7-10 on your answe sheet.

7. The word “sterling” in line 3 of Paragraph A means__________.

A. difficult

B. menial

C. terrible

D. excellent

8. Which of the following statements on the accusation of MacDonald is NOT TRUE?

A. It tends to make people fat.

B. Its operations are very vague.

C. It tends to exploit workers.

D. It tends to treat animals cruelly.

9. Which of the following measures taken by Denis Hennequin produced undesired result?

A. “Food Studio” scheme.

B. “Open Door” visitor days.

C. The “McPassport” scheme.

D. The Nutrition Information Initiative.

10. What did Denis Hennequin do so as to respond to local trends?

A. set up a “Food Studio” .

B. established a “Design Studio”.

C. hired celebrities as local brand ambassadors.

D. employed local bosses as much as possible.

Questions 11-14

Complete each of the following statements (Questions 11-14) with words or number taken from Reading Passage 1.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

11. After January 2004， McDonald was making improvement following a period of slump in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were ………………………….

12. Business of McDonald in France and Britain was particularly good in December since customers took to ……………………………..

13. Compared with other countries， France is McDonald’s ………………………. next to America.

14. ……………………. of McDonald’s restaurants in America are companied–owned and the figure is much lower than that in Britain. Part II

Notes to Reading Passage 1

1.sterling高质量的

e.g. He has many sterling qualities. 他身上有许多优秀的品质。

2. menial 不体面的，乏味的(工作、职业)

3. spruce up打扮整齐、漂亮、装饰

4. mastermind指挥、谋划(一个计划或活动)

e.g. The police know who masterminded the robbery.警察知道是谁策划了那次抢劫。

5. underperform表现不佳表现出低于标准的工作水平、企业出现亏本

Part III

Keys and explanations to the Questions 1-14

1. FALSE

See the second sentence in Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots. His task was to replicate this success in all 41 of the European countries…”.

2. TRUE

See the last sentence in Paragraph D “The Nutrition Information Initiative， launched last year， put detailed labels on McDonald’s packaging with data on calories， protein， fat， carbohydrates and salt content. The details are also printed on tray-liners.”

3. NOT GIVEN

See Paragraph D， E and H “Given France’s reputation as the most anti-American country in Europe， it seems odd that McDonald’s revival in Europe is being led by a Frenchman， using ideas cooked up in the French market.”.

4. FALSE

See the last sentence of Paragraph H and first sentence of Paragraph L “The market where McDonald’s is weakest in Europe is not France， but Britain…Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned…”

5. TRUE

See the first sentence of Paragraph I “Fixing Britain should be his priority，” says David Palmer， a restaurant analyst at UBS”.

6. NOT GIVEN

See the last sentence of Paragraph I “So it should sell as many underperforming outlets as possible， says Mr Palmer”.

7. D

See the first sentence of Paragraph A “One exception was France， where Mr Hennequin had done a sterling job as head of the group’s French subsidiary to sell more Big Macs to his compatriots”.

8. B

See the second sentence of Paragraph D “McDonald’s is blamed for making people fat， exploiting workers， treating animals cruelly， polluting the environment”

9. C

See the second sentence of Paragraph E “But some of his efforts have backfired： last year he sparked a controversy with the introduction of a “McPassport” that allows McDonald’s employees to work anywhere in the European Union..”

10. A

See the last sentence of Paragraph G “He also set up a “food studio”， where cooks devise new recipes in response to local trends”.

11. sluggish or declining

See the first sentence of Paragraph A “When Denis Hennequin took over as the European boss of McDonald’s in January 2004， the world’s biggest restaurant chain was showing signs of recovery in America and Australia， but sales in Europe were sluggish or declining.”

12. seasonal menu offerings

See the last sentence of Paragraph B “December was an especially good month as customers took to seasonal menu offerings in France and Britain， and to a promotion in Germany based on the game of Monopoly”.

13.most profitable market

See the second sentence of Paragraph H “But France is in fact the company’s most profitable market after America”.

14. 15%

See the second sentence of Paragraph I “Almost two-thirds of the 1，214 McDonald’s restaurants in Britain are company-owned， compared with 40% in Europe and 15% in America”.