“ja23163”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了9篇初一第十五单元，下面是小编为大家整理后的初一第十五单元，仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢，并能积极分享!
- 目录
篇1：初一第十五单元
初一第十五单元
一. 教学目的: 基数词的使用和一些日常用语.
二. 教学重点:基数词的使用.
三. 重点难点分析:
1.基数词表达法.
基数词在第六单元中已经介绍了1-19, 这里主要介绍20-100的基数词.
A. 十位数的数词, twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety中词的拼写是没有规律的, 特别要注意forty这个词.
B. 21-29,31-39…91-99的表达方法是整十位数加个位数,中间用符号 “-”连接.例如:twenty-one
C. 100可以说a hundred, 或one hundred; 200, 300 表达为two hundred, three hundred. 要注意的是不管hundred前是什么数字, hundred 不能用复数,加s.
D. 如果要表示122, 234等这样的数字, 则要注意在hundred 后面用连词and, 如123为one hundred and twenty-three.
E. 基数词只能修饰可数名词, 要注意数词和后面名词在数上的一致. 如:
thirteen boys 十三个男生
2.动词give 的基本用法.
A. give有许多意思,最基本的意思是 “给”.如果表示 “把某物给某人”可以说give sth. to sb. 或give sb. sth. 例如: Please give the watch to Jim.=Please give Jime this watch. 请把这块表给Jim.
B. 这两种表达法结构上有所差异,第二种表达中Jim是间接宾语,前面不能带to.
3.It’s time to go to school. 该上学了.
A. It’s time to do…这一句型表示 “该做…的时候了”.其中it表示时间,不能用别的词来代替, time前不带冠词.
B. 这一句型中的不定式短语很多时候可以用介词for+名词代替. 如:It‘s time for school.也是该上学了的意思.
4.about表示 “大约”
about 表示 “大约”可以用在数词前, 如:
It’s about five o’clock. 大约五点了.
5.from…to 从…到…
可用来表示从每一时间到另一个时间;从一个数字到另一个数字, 从一地点到另一地点. 如: We play football from 4:30 to 5:30 in the afternoon.
我们从下午4:40到5:30踢足球.
6.play的几种用法.
A. play可以表示 “做游戏”或 “做些运动” 如:
Let’s play a game of table tennis. 我们打一场乒乓球赛吧.
B. play后面可直接加表示球类的名词, 这样用时,表示球类的名词前面不带任何冠词其它限定词, 这些名词也不用复数形式. 如:
Let’ s go and play football. 我们去踢足球吧.
7.between…and…在…和…之间.
between表示在两者之间,表示在两个同类物之间可在between后加复数名词, 表示在两个不同物或两点之间咳用between…and….如:
(1) The map if China is between the two windows.
那幅地图在那两个窗户之间.
(2) Tom sits between Lucy and Lily.
Tom 坐在Lucy和 Lily之间.
8.take off脱掉
take off 和put on 互为反义词组. 两者都是动词短语,后面要带宾语. 如果宾语是名词可以放在后面,也可以放在两词之间, 如果宾语是代词,则必须放在中间, 不能放在后面. 如:
(1) Take off your coat.= Take your coat off.
把你的外套脱掉.
(2) He puts on his hat and then takes it off.
他戴上帽子,然后又脱掉.
四. 练习.
1. 将下列短语译成英语.
A. 睡觉
B.把你的鞋脱掉
C. 从一数到十
D. 十五朵鲜花
E. 在大约8点钟
2. 综合选择
(1) Do you think it’s time now?
A. go home B. go to school C. to go here D. to go to the classroom
(2) The picture isn’t . It’s.
A. my, his B. hers, his C. her, mine D. mine, her
(3) This is Mr. Wang’s pen. Please .
A. give it to him B. give him it C. give it him D. give him to it
(4) Let’s go to bed. It’snine thirty.
A. at B. in C. or D. about
(5) That’s not my book. It’s .
A. Jim brother B. Jim’s brother’s C. Jim’s brother D. Jim brother’s
五. 答案
1. A. go to bed
B. take off your shoes= take your shoes off
C. count from one to ten
D. fifteen flowers
E. at about 8 o’clock
2. (1) D (2) B (3) A (4) D (5) B
(1) Do you think it’s time to go to the classroom now?
你认为现在该去教室了吗?
(2)The picture isn’t hers. It’s his.
这张图不是她的. 它是他的.
(3) This is Mr. Wang’s pen. Please give it to him.
这是王先生的钢笔,请给他.
(4) Let’s go to bed. It’s about nine thirty.
我们睡觉吧, 大约九点三十分了.
(5) That’s not my book. It’s Jim’s brother’s.
那不是我的书. 它是Jim的哥哥(弟弟)的.
篇2：初二第二册第十五单元Thanks to the message
茅欣
Unit 15 Thanks for the message !
I. Teaching Aims and Demands
1. 要求学生掌握本单元新学的词汇。
2. 要求学生掌握本单元新学的日常交际用语, 并注意英美人打电话的用语、方式同中国人打电话的用语、方式的区别。
3. 要求学生掌握There be结构的一般过去时态。
II. Main Teaching Points
1. 词汇
(1)telephone , phone , call , ring (up) .
(2)answer , get
(3)be out , be in
(4)cinema , go to the cinema , at the cinema
(5)by the way
(6)I‘m afraid
(7)the next day
2. 日常交际用语
(1)英美人打电话的用语。
(2)I’m afraid…
(3)By the way…
(4)Can I take a message ? It‘s a pleasure .
(5)Could you ask him to call me , please ?
3. 语法
There be结构的一般过去时态的各种句式。包括There was (not)….
Was there…?
Yes , there was / No , there wasn’t .
There were (not)…
Were there…?
Yes , there were . / No , there weren‘t .
III. Difficult Teaching Points
英美人打电话的用语及方式。
IV. Teaching Aids
录音机，幻灯机，图片，实物(电话机)。
V. Teaching steps
Lesson 57
Step 1 Revision
通过和学生谈论寒假生活，简要复习上学期所学内容，特别是一般过去时态。
Step 2 Presentation
1. 先教授本课要学的生词、词组和句型，教授时尽量用图片、动作、手势及学生听得懂的英语进行讲解，使学生理解词义和句义。拿出一部电话机或电话机的图片问学生What’s this in English ?然后告诉学生This is a telephone . This is a phone .并把telephone和phone写在黑板上，领学生读。再向学生展示一张电话铃响，李明过去接电话的简笔画向学生解释The telephone is ringing . Li Ming is coming to answer it .再展示一张有人按门铃，李明去开门的简笔画，对学生说The door bell is ringing . Li Ming is going to answer the door .并把ring和answer写在黑板上，领学生读。学生此时能明白这两个词的意思。再拿出一张两个人打电话的简笔画对学生说Li Ming is calling Wei Hua .
He often calls her .
Li Ming is telephoning Wei Hua .
He often telephones her .
再继续用phone、ring、ring up替换句中的动词，并把句子和所用动词写在黑板上。此时学生能理解telephone、phone、call，ring、ring up的意思，告诉学生telephone和phone既可用作名词，也可用作动词。教授be out时可用英语讲解be out means be not at home .可用图片讲解afraid , cinema .教授cinema时顺便给学生一个短语go to the cinema并告诉他们This phrase means go to see a film .教授afraid时，顺便给出短语be afraid of及I‘m afraid .并举例讲解。继续学习和讲解本课要学的其他词语。
2. 让学生听本课第一部分课文录音并回答下面两个问题：(1)Who answered the telephone ? (2)Why did’t Kate‘s mother answer it ?再让学生打开课本跟读这部分课文录音，并告诉学生could是can的过去式。句中用could是为了使语气委婉而非过去时态。I’ll get it意思是I‘ll answer it .
Step 3 Drill
让学生按下列方式分组进行连锁操练(用学生的真名)
A：…，could you answer the telephone , please ?
I’m cooking . I‘m busy .
B：Oh , I’m sorry . I can‘t . I’m washing clothes .…, could you answer the phone call , please ?
C：I‘m afraid I can’t . I‘m mending my bike .…，could you answer the call , please ?
D：OK, I’ll get it .
再让另一组学生按以上方式重新开始，但这次可加入be going to句型。如：
A：…. Could you answer the phone call , please ? I‘m going to wash clothes .
B：….
C：…,
D：OK, I’ll get it .
Step 4 Presentation
让学生听本课第二部分录音，并回答下列问题。
1. Who called Jim ?
2. Where was Jim ?
3. Was there a message ? What was it ?
4. Do you know Li Lei‘s number ?
再让学生打开书跟读这部分录音并译成中文。然后再结合workbook第57课的练习一，介绍一下英美人打电话时的电话用语和方式与中国人打电话时的用语及方式上的区别。
Step 5 Practice
让学生两人一组按照所学对话的形式用自己的真实姓名和号码进行打电话的练习。先用英语给学生设定如下一个情景。A给B打电话, B不在家, 他正在动物园。C接的电话, A让C给B留个口信, 让B给A回个电话。学生练习完之后, 教师抽查几组同学看是否掌握。
Step 6 Consolidation
全班一起做下面的练习：
(The telephone is ringing .)
A：Tom . ____ you ____ the telephone , please ?
I’m busy .
B：____ Mum . I‘ll ____ it . Hello . ____ .
C：Oh , hello . Could I ____ Jim , please ?
B：I’m sorry . He‘s out . He’s ____ the cinema . _____ ?
C：Yes . ____ you ask him ____ me , please ?
My name is Li Lei . My ____ is 68409729 .
B：68409729 . ____
C：Thanks ____ , Bye .
B：____ . Bye .
Homework
1. 熟读课文对话，准备第二天表演。
2. 先读本课第三部分的telephone message再把有关问题的答案写在作业本上。
3. 背出workbook第57课的练习三，准备第二天表演。
4. 把workbook第57课的练习二做在作业本上。
Lesson 58
Step 1 Revision
1. 让几对学生到教室前面表演打电话。分两种情况进行表演，一种情况是接电话的人正好是要找的人；另一种情况是要找的人不在，接电话的是另一个人。表演时可按照students‘s book第57课和workbook第57课练习三的内容进行，也可自编。
2. 检查Homework
Step 2 Presentation
让学生听本课第一个对话的录音，听懂之后回答下列问题。
1. Did Jim have a good time at the cinema ?
2. Did Kate remember Who had called Jim ?
3. Did she write down Li Lei’s number ?
4. Where did she write it down ?
然后让学生再听这段对话录音并跟读和翻译。
Step 3 Practice
让学生两人一组对这段内容进行练习，并请几组学生进行表演。
Step 4 Presentation
在学本课第二段之前先问学生几个问题：
Where did Li Lei and his friends go last October ?
What did they do ? Can you remember ? Why did Li Lei ring Jim ?
Can you guess ? Now Listen to the tape .
把这段对话录音放给学生听，学生听懂之后，让他们回答下面的问题：
1. Where did the boys go last October ?
2. What did they do ?
3. Why did Li Lei call Jim ?
让学生再听这段录音并跟读和翻译。
Step 5 Practice
让学生两人一组就这段内容进行对话练习，并请几组学生进行表演。
Step 6 Consolidation
让学生把第57课和第58课的4段对话连起来进行练习，并请几组学生进行表演。
Homework
1. 听录音并熟读课文。
2. 完成workbook第58课的练习。
Lesson 59
Step 1 Revision
1. 检查Homework .
2. 让学生自编内容练习打电话并表演。
3. 让学生以Jim的口吻复述第57和第58课的内容。
Step 2 Presentation
1. 教师在桌上放几本书，然后对学生说There are some books on the desk .并问学生Are there any books on the desk ? How many books are there on the desk ?请学生回答以上问题。把桌上的书拿走再问学生Are there any books on the desk ?等学生回答之后再问学生But were there any books on the desk just now(告诉学生just now的汉语意思) ?引导学生回答Yes , there were .再问学生Were there any books on the desk just now ?引导学生回答No , there weren‘t .再进一步对学生说There were some books on the desk . There weren’t any boxes on the desk .教师把一个瓶子放在桌上，然后问学生Is there a bottle on the desk ?之后把瓶子拿走再问学生Is there a bottle on the desk ? But was there a bottle on the desk just now ?引导学生回答Yes , there was .再问学生Was there a ball on the desk just now ?引导学生回答No , there wasn‘t .再进一步对学生说There was a bottle on the desk . There wasn’t a ball on the desk .把这些句子写在黑板上或用幻灯机打出来。
2. 教师做一个动作，边做边问学生What am I doing ?作完之后再问学生What did I do ?教师再用祈使句请一位同学做一个动作。在学生作动作时可问其本人What are you doing或问另一位学生What is he doing ?动作做完之后再问其本人What did you do ?或问另一位学生What did he do ?
Step 3 Drill
教师带领学生对以上两部分内容进行操练。教师可口述一组现在进行时或一般现在时的句子，每说一句都给出一个过去时间状语，让学生变成一般过去时句子说出。教师也可自己作动作或请学生作动作，然后问学生What was on the desk (blackboard ,…) ? Were there any…? What did I / he / she do ? Did I / he / she…?
Step 4 Reading
把第5单元的挂图挂在黑板上，根据图上内容用现在进行时的句子向学生提问，之后教师对学生说But this story happened last year .(告诉学生happen的中文意思。) When did they go to the farm ?接着就图上内容用一般过去时的句子向学生提问。出一些问题，然后让学生默读本课的第一部分课文并从中找出答案。让学生在阅读时注意猜测本课生词story , harvest和enough的词义。学生读完之后，让学生回答以上有关这段课文的问题，看学生是否读懂。然后翻译这段课文，讲解学生提出的问题，再放录音让学生跟读。
Step 5 Practice
让学生两人一组口头做workbook的练习一。然后以提问方式进行检查。再按要求做workbook的练习四。
Step 6 Consolidation
和学生一起口头完成本课第二部分的问句并让学生回答。
Homework
1. 把本课第二部分的问题的答案写在作业本上。
2. 完成workbook的练习二。
3. 背诵本课第一部分课文。
4. 按workbook练习三的要求编一个打电话的对话，准备第二天表演。
Lesson 60
Step 1 Revision
1. 检查作业。
2. 就第59课第一部分的内容向学生提问。
3. 让学生两人一组按workbook第59课练习三的要求练习打电话并表演。
Step 2 Checkpoint 15
通过Checkpoint 15复习本单元的主要内容，并解答学生提出的问题。
Step 3 Practice
让学生把本课第一部分有关B的内容在书上补齐并以此为内容进行打电话的练习。然后再让学生编出新的内容进行打电话的练习并表演。
Step 4 Listening
让学生打开workbook的第60课仔细看练习一的要求，然后听录音，可让学生多听几遍，听懂之后，填写练习一的表格(电话记录)。
Step 5 Practice
全班一起做workbook第60课的练习二和练习三。
Step 6 Test
听写一段短文
There was a telephone call for my brother Jim yesterday afternoon . It was from his friend Li Lei . Jim was out at that moment . I answered the telephone and took a message . Li Lei said his telephone number was 6788921 . I wrote it down on a piece of paper . He wanted Jim to call him . When Jim came back , I gave the telephone message to him . Jim thanked me and rang Li Lei . Li Lei said he had a photo of Jim . He wanted to show it to Jim . Jim asked him to bring it to school the next day .
Homework
1. 让学生复习本单元的全部内容，特别是打电话的内容。
2. 发一份本单元的综合练习让学生完成并准备本单元的测试。
Keys：
Lesson 57, Step 6 Consolidation .
could , answer , OK , get (answer) , 电话号码, speak to , at , Can I take a message , Could , to ring (to call , to telephone , to phone , to ring…up) , (telephone) number , Right , very much (a lot) , Not at all
(茅欣)
篇3：初三英语第十五单元的单词表
初三英语第十五单元的单词表
Unit 15
manatee 海牛
furry 皮毛的
enormous 巨大的；庞大的
playful 顽皮的
aggressive 侵犯的；挑衅的
gray 灰色
spotted 有斑点的
kangaroo 袋鼠
chimpanzee 黑猩猩
cheetah 猎豹
mangrove 红树
swamp 沼泽
habitat 生长环境
aquatic 水生的；栖水的
feed 饲料
underwater 在水下
vegetation 植物；草木
weigh 称；称…重量
pound n. 磅
discover v. 发现；发觉
polluted adj. 被污染的
present progressive 现在进行时
present simple 一般现在时
infinitive n. 动词原形；不定式
passive voice 被动语态
present perfect 现在完成时
suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的；恰当的
tiny adj. 极小的；微小的'
cage n. 笼子
disgusted adj. 厌恶的；憎恶的
educate v. 教育；培养
care for 关心；关怀；照顾
urge v. 强烈要求；竭力主张
expression n. 词语；表达方式；表达
recycle v. 再循环；回收利用
built v. build的过去适合过去分词
stuff n. 原料；材料
pull v. 拉；拖；拔
glue v. 粘贴；粘合； n.胶水
roof n. 顶；房顶；屋顶
discard v. 丢弃；抛弃
tile n. 瓦片；磁瓦
fence n. 栅栏；围墙
can n. （装液体等的）容器（如灌、壶、桶等）
recently adv. 最近
planet n. 行星
society n. 社团；社会
president n. 总统；总裁；会长
inspiration n. 灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或事物）
spare adj. 多余的；空闲的
model n. 模型
Winterbourne 温特伯恩
Review of unit 11-15
material n. 材料；物质；原料
business n. 商业；生意
plastic adj. 塑料（制）的； n.塑料
certainly adv. 确实地；无疑地；（口语）当然；行
proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的
flag n. 旗帜；旗
national flag 国旗
篇4：初三英语第十五单元At home with the twins
科目 英语
年级 初三
文件 middle3 unit15.doc
标题 At home with the twins
章节 第十五单元
关键词
内容
教学目标
1.词汇
A.单词
四会: right away, whether, for long, make friends, get on … with…mistake, make a mistake, dance, either, light, dark, take one’s time, cost, try … on
三会: lonely, fight, decide, wool(l)en, hang, cotton, expensive, soft
B.词组/句型
right away It feels strange to do…
a twin sister for long
make friends with… get on (well) with…
mistake sb for sb make a mistake
feel the same on one’s birthday
light / dark green decide to do
birthday present make problems
fight about play with
try sth on have a look at …
take one’s time
2. 日常交际用语
Do we need some more … ?
Can you go and get some, please?
What can I do for you?
Do you like this one?
Can I try it on?
It’s (not) cheap enough.
I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.
Please take your time.
I can’t decide which one to buy.
3. 语法
由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句.
教学重点与难点
1.need作为情态动词和实意动词的用法
need作为情态动词仅用于否定句或疑问句;
用情态动词must提问时, 否定回答用needn’t ;
用need做情态动词提问时, 肯定回答用must .
I needn’t show her the answer to the question, need I?
我不必把这个问题的答案给她看, 是吗?
“Must you finish your homework today?”
“你必须今天完成作业吗?”
“Yes, I must”（“No, I needn’t.”）
“是的, 我必须今天完成.”（“不, 我不必今天完成.”）
“Need she go at once?”
“她马上就得走吗?”
“Yes, she must.”（“No, she needn’t.”）
“是的, 她必须马上走.”（“不, 她不必马上走.”）
need作为实意动词有它作为动词的多种形式, 可以用于各种
句型之中, 表示不同的意义.
实际上need较多地用于实意动词, 较少用于情态动词.
在表示过去意义时, 常用作实意动词, 而不用作情态动词.
“Does he need to wash his hands?”
“他要不要洗手?”
“Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.”
“是的, 他得洗. / 不, 他不必洗.”
Did they need to do it yesterday?
他们昨天需要做那件事情吗?
We need to practise speaking English more often, don’t we?
我们需要多练习说英语, 是不是?
2.关于否定疑问句
否定疑问句一般用来表示惊异, 责难, 赞叹, 邀请或建议等,
一般不要求对方用Yes或No来回答.
That’s really a great place. Don’t you go with us?
那真是一个奇妙的地方, 你难道不和我们一块去? (惊异)
Why are you so late? Didn’t I tell you to come early?
你为什么来得这么迟? 我不是叫你早点来的吗? (责备)
Isn’t the film interesting!
这部电影真是有趣极了. (赞叹)
Won’t you have another cup of tea?
再喝一杯茶好吗? (邀请或建议)
Mom, can’t Lily do it?
妈妈, Lily就不能做吗? (责备)
有时对不太有把握的事情向对方提问, 也可以用这种否定疑问句;
这时答语应该和附加问句的答语一样, 如果是肯定的, 要用Yes,
否则就用No, 这跟汉语的习惯很不相同.
“Aren’t you in Class Two?”“Yes, I am.”
“你不是二班的学生吧?”“不, 我是二班的.”
“Doesn’t she want to go?”“No, she doesn’t.”
“她难道不想去吗?”“是的, 她不想去.”
3.so的两种用法.
(…亦)如此, (…也)同样
通常用于“so + 系动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语”的句型中.
I was late and so was she.
我迟到了, 她也是.
“I am leaving now.”“So am I.”
“我现在要走了.”“我也要走.”
“I saw the film on TV. ”“So did I.”
“我在电视上看了那部电影.”“我也看了.”
“I can play tennis.”“So can I.”
“我会打网球.”“我也会.”
正是那样,确是如此
通常用于“so + 主语 + 系动词/助动词/情态动词”的句型中.
“She is very good at swimming.”“So she is.”
“她很擅长游泳.”“不错, 确实如此.”
“Tom often goes to school by bike.”“So he does.”
“汤姆经常骑车去上学.”“不错, 的确如此.”
“She’s made a mistake about me.”“So she has.”
“她误会了我.”“她的确误会了你.”
“She can help her mother with the cooking.”“So she can.”
“她会帮妈妈做饭”“是的, 她会.”
4.what引导的从句
what引导的是名词性从句, 在复合句中可以做主语, 宾语, 表语.
它所引导的从句具有以下两种意义:
what从句可以用来表示一种问题, 具有疑问概念.这种从句结构上
仍是一个特殊问句, 只是不用倒装语序.
What she wants to say isn’t clear to us.
她想要说什么我们还不清楚.
I don’t know what he said at the meeting.
我不知道他在会上都说了些什么.
The problem is what we should do next.
问题是我们下一步该怎么办.
What从句可以表示一种东西或事情, 不具有疑问概念.
一般翻译成“（某人）所……的东西（事情）”
That’s what we need.
这正是我们所需要的(东西).
What I saw there is not easy to forget.
我在那儿所看到的(事情)是不易忘记的.
Do you still remember what she said?
你还记得她所说的话吗?
The factory is quite different from what it was.
这家工厂与以前大不相同.
5.whether或if引导的宾语从句
whether或if引导的宾语从句引的是一般疑问句或选择疑问句,
和疑问词引导的宾语从句一样, 从句的语序应为陈述句语序,
即whether/if + 主语 + 谓语.
“Lucy, can you go and get some tea?” she asked.
She asked Lucy if / whether she could go and get some tea.
她问Lucy是否她可以去拿些茶来.
He asked, “Are you a doctor or a teacher?”
He asked me whether I was a doctor or a teacher.
他问我是医生还是教师.
6.lonely和alone的区别
alone是陈述一个客观事实, 独自一个人, 没有同伴或助手.
Lonely则有浓厚的情感色彩, 表示“渴望伴侣”、“孤独地, 寂寞地”
He was alone in the room when I saw him.
我看到他时, 他独自一人在屋里.
He feels lonely when he is left alone.
只剩下他一个人的时候, 他就感到孤独.
7.for long (副)长久(地) (用于否定句, 疑问句, if从句)
We won’t stay there for long.
我们不会在那儿长久停留.
Were you there for long?
你在那儿呆了很久吗?
8.make friends with sb. 意思是“与某人交朋友”, 其中friends总是
复数形式.
My father likes to make friends with doctors.
我父亲喜欢与医生交朋友.
I decide to make friends with Tom.
我决定与汤姆交朋友.
9.get on/along with sb与(某人) 相处
How are you getting on with your classmates?
你与你的同学们相处得怎么样?
We get on well with each other.
我们相处融洽.
He doesn’t get on well his teacher.
他与他的老师关系不好.
get on/along with sth. 在(某方面)进展或进行
How are you getting on/along with your study of English?
你的英语学习进展如何?
Things are getting on well here.
这儿情况很好.
Go and see how he’s getting on with his work.
去看看他的工作进展情况怎样了.
10.mistake可以作动词(vt.), 意思是“误解…, 弄错, 误会”
mistake + n.
I mistook his meaning / what he meant.
我误解了他的意思/用意.
I often mistake the date/ the address.
我经常弄错日期/住址.
mistake + n. + for + n. 把…误为…
He often mistook me for my brother.
他经常把我误当作我的哥哥.
I’m sorry I mistook you for Mrs Li.
对不起我把你误当作李太太了.
mistake可以作名词, 意思是“错误, 过失, 误解, 误会”
make a mistake搞错, 误会
They call me Lily sometimes and I don’t always tell them they've
made a mistake.
他们有时叫我Lily, 但我并不每次对他们说他们搞错了.
make a mistake犯错误, 出错
Everyone may make mistakes in life.
每个人一生中都会犯错误.
You made many mistakes in your exercises.
你在练习中出了许多错误.
We should make as few mistakes as possible in our work.
我们在工作中尽可能的少出错.
11.too, either和also表示“也”
too和also一般用于肯定句中.
too用于口语, 语气较强, 放在句尾, 或作插入语放在句中.
also一般用于正式场合, 紧靠动词.
either作为副词表示“也”, 一般用于否定句中, 与too相对,放在句尾.
He will go to town tomorrow. I shall go, too.
他明天将进城去, 我也去.
He was in Beijing last summer, too.
去年夏天他也在北京.
I also went to the meeting.
我也参加了那次会议.
I’ve also read that story.
我也读过那篇小说.
He is not in the classroom and he isn’t in the library, either.
他不在教室, 他也不在图书馆.
He didn’t go to school yesterday and she didn’t either.
昨天他没去上学, 她也没去.
12.decide表示“决定, 决心, 判断, 推断”
decide + to do / that… 决定做…
He decided to buy a new car.
= He decided (that) he would buy a new car.
他决定要买一辆新车.
She decided not to go.
= She decided that she (should) not go.
她决定不去了.
decide + wh- 决定…
I can’t decide which to take.
= I can’t decide which I (should) take.
我拿不定主意要选(买)哪一个.
13.take one’s time vi. 慢慢来
You don’t have to answer quickly. Please take your time.
你不必着急回答, 请慢慢考虑.
14.由疑问词引导的不定式
疑问代词what, which, whom或疑问副词how, when, where可引导
一个不定式在句中作宾语. 这种结构往往可转换成一个主从复合句, 不定式可改为一个由疑问词引导的宾语从句.
I don’t know what to do next.
= I don’t know what I shall do next.
我不知接下来该怎么办.
Have you decided which to choose?
= Have you decided which you should choose?
该挑选哪一个你作出决定了吗?
Do you know whom to go with?
= Do you know whom you shall go with?
你知道和谁一块去吗?
He showed me how to start the machine.
= He showed me how I could start the machine.
他示范给我看如何启动这台机器.
Did she tell you when to have the meeting?
= Did she tell you when we should have the meeting?
她告诉你什么时候开会了吗?
At last I got to know where to find his address.
= At last I got to know where I could find his address.
我终于明白在什么地方可找到他的住址.
15.cost, spend, pay和take的用法
Sth. + cost + sb. + money (某物)花了(某人)多少钱
This sweater cost me 100 dollars.
这件毛衣花了我100美元.
Sb + spend + money + on/for + sth. 花钱于….
I spent 100 dollars on this sweater.
我花了100美元买这件毛衣.
Sb + spend + time + (in) doing sth. 花多少时间来做…
I spent my summer vacation (in) reading and fishing.
我的暑假是在看看书和钓钓鱼中度过的.
Sb + pay + (sb) + money + for + sth. 某人付给某人多少钱买某物
I paid (the shopkeeper) 100 dollars for this sweater.
我付给(店主) 100美元买这件毛衣.
It + take + sb + time + to do sth做某事花掉某人多少时间
It took me one hour to finish my homework yesterday.
昨天我花了一个小时来完成作业.
同步练习
I. 找出与划线部分读音不同的单词.
1. A. change B. make C. mistake D. dance
2. A. eighth B. either C. eighty D. eight
3. A. dark B. star C. hard D. war
4. A. heart B. clear C. hear D. dear
5. A. school B. moon C. wool D. food
6. A. weather B. leave C. head D. bread
7. A. rather B. together C. with D. think
8. A. enough B. cough C. laugh D. light
9. A. Britain B. chemistry C. dinner D. mind
10. A. whether B. whole C. who D. whose
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空.
1.I’m very pleased ________ (hear) that your wife will come to our get-together.
2.The tow shirts both look nice. I can’t decide which ________ (buy).
3.Whose turn is it ________ (give) a talk in class?
4.What are you usually doing while your parents _______ (watch) TV?
5.Can you tell me how much the radio ________ (cost) you?
6.I ________ (do) some reading when the light went out.
7.How many times ______ your parents ________ (visit) our school this year?
8.Where _______ you _______ (go) for your last summer holiday?
9.How soon ________ you ________ (be) ready for the journey?
10.I ________ (not stay) there for long.
III. 单项选择
1.What have you decided to give your girl friend ________ her birthday?
A.at B. in C. with D. for
2.I’d better invite ________ .
A.both them B. all them
C. them all D. them of both
3.________ do you know they are fighting about?
A.How B. Which C. What D. Where
4.I don’t know how Sally ________ at school with her lessons.
A.gets up B. gets on C. gets out D. gets down
5.Sorry I mistook you ________ Mr Green.
A.with B. of C. by D. for
6.I don’t think a small thing like this ________ so much.
A.paid B. spent C. cost D. took
7.He still has no idea when ________ her the bad news.
A.tells B. telling C. will tell D. to tell
8.If you stay at school this Sunday, I ________ go anywhere ________ .
A.don’t, either B. don’t, too
C. won’t, either D. won’t, too
9.Everybody in our class went to help except you ________ .
A.and me B. or me C. and I D. or I
10.He didn’t think the shirt ________, so he didn’t buy it.
A.enough cheap B. enough expensive
C. cheap enough D. expensive enough
11.________ he told us about how to learn English well is really very important.
A.Which B. That C. What D. Where
12.Is this story the same as ________ in that newspaper?
A.what B. that C. it D. the one
13.I ________ go there this morning, so I stayed.
A.needn’t to B. didn’t need
C. didn’t need to D. needed not
14.“Aren’t you Mary’s sister?”“________. I’m her aunt.”
A.No, I am B. Yes, I’m not
C. No, I’m not D. Yes, I am
15.“Tom does very well in Chinese.”“____________”
A.He does it B. He does so
C. So does he D. So he does
16.She asked me whether ________ able to read and write in English.
A.was he B. he was
C. he could be D. could he be
17.“I’m sorry I’ve forgotten to bring you the letter.”
“Never mind. ________.”
A.I’m going to get it myself
B.I’m going and get it myself
C.I’ll go and get it myself
D.I’ll go to get myself
18.I ________ that piece of cake for two yuan.
A.spent B. cost C. bought D. took
IV. 完形填空
Have you ever seen snow? ___1___ people in the world have not. A lot of countries never have snow or they have it only on the tops of very high mountains. In Scotland and in the north or England, there is quite a lot of snow every ___2___ but in the south of England, there is usually ___3___.
When a student from ___4___ country like Malays (马莱半岛) or Indonesia (印度尼西亚) comes to Britain in autumn for the first time, he feels ___5___ at first. There are ___6___ dark clouds, gray sky and cold rain in Britain in autumn, and most students from warm countries ___7___ like this.
But snow is different. Although it is very cold, it is very beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of ___8___ in his room. He thinks, “Is it so ___9___?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is no very last. He ___10___ out of the window and there is the ___11___ , on the ground and on the roofs (屋顶) of the houses and ___12___. The light in his room came from that clean, beautiful white snow.
1. A. A lot of B. Much C. A little D.A lot
2. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter
3. A. a little B. little C. few D. a few
4. A. a cold B. a windy C. a warm D. a rainy
5. A. hot B. cold C. cool D. warm
6. A. often B. not C. no D. even
7. A. not B. does not C. do not D. have
8. A. light B. dark C. wind D. bright
9. A. early B. cold C. warm D. late
10. A. sees B. looks C. looks at D. sees for
11. A. wind B. rain C. snow D. fog
12. A.anywhere B. nowhere C. where D.everywhere
篇5：初二英语第十五单元Thanks for the message!
内容
教学目标
1．词汇
A．单词 photo相片，enough足够，story故事，harvest收获
B．词组 at the cinema在电影院，take a message捎（口）信，by the way顺便问/说一下，the next day第二天，ring up打电话，at the moment此刻/现在，show…to…
把……指/出示给某人看，write down写下来，need help with…在某方面需要帮助
2．句型 answer the telephone/phone回电话，I’m afraid…恐怕我……，ask sb to do请求/
要求某人做某事，Could/May I speak to…请……接电话
3．日常用语
1）He’s out/in. 他不在/在家。2）Please ring him. 请给他回电话。3）It’s a pleasure.=You’re welcome. 不用谢。4）See you later/tomorrow/next meek. 一会儿/明天/下周见。
教学重点与难点
1．answer意为“回答”。但其后接意义不同的名词则译义也会有微妙的不同。但宏观上是一样的。例如：
1）Mrs Green, answer the phone, please. 格林太太，请接电话。
2）Did she answer your letter? 她给你回信了吗？
3）He stood up and answered the doorbell. 门响了，他站起身去开门。
4）No one in the class could answer that question. 班里没人能回答那个问题。
注：answer做名词，表示“……的回答”时，要和介词to搭配。例如：
5）This is the answer to that question. 这就是那个问题的答案。
6）Did you have an answer to your letter? 你收到回信了吗？
2．telephone, phone, ring & call的用法
△这四个词都可用作动词，表示“打电话给……”。例如：
1）Kate telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) her brother Jim last night.
凯特昨天晚上给她的哥哥吉姆打了个电话。
2）She telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) him to say that she didn’t
catch the train.
她打电话告诉他她没赶上火车。
3）Ann telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) the twins at their home this morning.
安今天早晨打电话到双胞胎的家里。
4）Who are you calling? 你找谁？
注：telephone, phone可用于telephone/phone a message to sb或telephone/phone sb a message这一结构，而ring & call不能这样用。例如：
5）I am going to telephone/phone her the message tomorrow.
我打算明天打电话把这件事告诉她。
△这四个词还都可用作名词，表示“打电话”。例如：
6）You are wanted on the phone, miss Gao. 高小姐，你的电话。
7）I told him about it by telephone/on/over the phone. 我在电话里把这件事告诉了他。
8）He gave his wife a few calls/rings, but she was out.
他给他妻子打了几次电话，可她不在家。
9）I’d like to make a call/phone to her. 我想给她打个电话。
注：例句6）、7）不用call或ring，例句8）不用phone，例句9）不用ring。
注：ring做动词时，还可表示“铃声响”，“使……响”。例如：
10）The bell is ringing.=There goes the bell. 铃响了。
11）He rang the bell and the door opened. 他按了门铃，门就开了。
3．message消息，音信
学习这个词，主要注意与它有关的动词和介词的搭配。例如：
1）Would you like to leave a message? 你想留个口信吗？
2）Can I take a message for you? 要我给你带个口信吗？
3）Please pass/give her the message. 请把这消息给她捎去。
4）Hello, Tom. I have got a message for you from Peter.
喂，汤姆。我这儿有彼得给你的口信。
5）Hello, John. The message to you is on your desk. 喂，约翰。给你留的条在你的书桌上。
注：message可以指口信，也可以指书面留条。
4．打电话用语
1）May/Could/Can I speak to miss Qin, please?
我能和秦小姐通话吗？/我想找秦小姐。
2）I would like to speak to Miss Qin. 我要与秦小姐讲话。/我想找秦小姐。
3）－Who’s that (speaking)?－This is Mary (speaking). －请问你是谁？－我是玛丽。
4）－Is that Mary (speaking)?－Yes, it is. －是玛丽吗？－是的，我就是。
5）Hold on for a moment, please. 请稍等。
注：例句3）4）中的that和this不能仅为人称代词，即不能说－Who are you?/Are you…?
－I am….但可用it。
5．I’m afraid…
当be afraid后面接宾语从句时，表示遗憾，抱歉或担心的语气。相当于be sorry to say。当其后接动词不定式时，表示“不敢做……”，“害怕做……”。还可以与of构成词组be afraid of，表示“害怕……”。例如：
1）I’m afraid I have to go now. 恐怕我得走了。（表示遗憾）
2）I’m afraid I can’t help you at the moment. 恐怕我现在帮不了你。（表示歉意）
3）I’m afraid it’s going to blow. 恐怕要刮风了。（表示担心）
4）He’s afraid to see his father. 他不敢/害怕见他的父亲。
5）Is the girl afraid of dogs? 那个小女孩怕狗吗？
6．next + 时间名词和the next + 时间名词
△next + 时间名词是指从现在开始的“下一个”，和一般将来时连用。例如：
1）I’m going to see my uncle next meek. 我打算下周去看我的叔叔。
2）They’re going to meet next Saturday. 他们准备下星期六见面。
注：不能说next day/morning/afternoon/evening。要表达以上意思，应该说tomorrow，
tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening。
△the next + 时间名词指过去或将来某一时间的“下一个”或“第二个”。例如：
3）They left for HangZhou the next day. 第二天他们去了杭州。
4）They got there in the afternoon and the next morning they went to the West Lake.
他们下午到那儿，第二天马上去西湖了。
5）He is coming to study in China for a year and he will study in America the next year.
他将在中国学习一年，然后第二年去美国学习。
7．enough一词的用法
意为“足够”，可做形容词，副词，名词等。例如：
1）I don’t have enough tickets/tickets enough for all of you.（形容词）
我没有足够的票分给你们大家。
2）There are not enough players/players enough to play football.（形容词）
踢球的人不够。
3）This story book is interesting enough. （副词）这本故事书非常有趣。
4）He is old enough to join the army. （副词）他到了可以参军的年龄了。
5）People now have enough to eat and wear. （名词）现在的人丰衣足食。
注：enough作形容词时，即可放在被修饰的名词之前，也可放在被修饰的名词之后。
见例句1）和2），作副词时，只能放在被修饰词的后面，不能放在前面，见例句3）和4）。
8．way的用法
意思很多，请看例句，用心去理解。
1）－Can you tell me the way to the post office? －Take this way, please.
－你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗？－请走这条路。
2）It’s a long way from here to the station. 从这儿到车站很远。
3）On my/the way home/to the shop. I met an old friend of mine.
在回家/去商店的路上。我遇见了一位老朋友。
4）By the way, can you go for a walk with us? 顺便问一下，你能和我们一起散步吗？
5）We can do the problem in this/that way/in two ways.
我们可以用这个/那个/两个方法解这道题。
6）She smiled in a friendly way. 他友好地笑了笑。
7）I don’t like the way she speaks. 我不喜欢她说话的样子。
同步练习
1．找出下列每组单词中划线部分发音不同的选项
（ ）1）A. really B. sweater C. breakfast D. weather
（ ）2）A. well B. letter C. get D. the
（ ）3）A. warm B. water C. talk D. far
（ ）4）A. town B. now C. snow D. how
（ ）5）A. swim B. quite C. getting D. give
2．选择填空
（ ）1）We to work a farm last October.
A. go, on B. go, in C. went, on D. went, in
（ ）2）I am sorry I was not in when you .
A. come B. comes C. coming D. came
（ ）3）Jim needs help his Chinese.
A. with B. in C. on D. at
（ ）4）The children picked apples than the teachers.
A. much B. more C. many D. lots of
（ ）5）Polly picked the apples of all.
A. less B. least C. fewest D. fewer
（ ）6）Please show your new bike us.
A. for B. to C. on D. with
（ ）7）There a lot of milk in the bottle a moment ago, but now there isn’t .
A. is, some B. was, any C. are, some D. were, any
（ ）8）There were not enough trucks all the apples.
A. carry B. carried C. carrying D. to carry
（ ）9）There is going to English evening tomorrow.
A. be an B. be a C. have a D. have an
（ ）10）There was a phone call you, Jack.
A. of B. with C. for D. to
（ ）11）Please it in English, not in Chinese.
A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say
（ ）12） Wang Ping speaking?
A. Are you B. Is that C. Is he D. Is this
（ ）13）I don’t know his phone number. Did you ?
A. write it down B. write down it C. wrote it down D. write them down
（ ）14）She the cleaning this morning.
A. didn’t B. didn’t do C. wasn’t do D. didn’t does
（ ）15）－Could I have your eraser for a moment, please? － .
A. Sure B. really C. Right D. Not at all
（ ）16）－Is his phone number 63894527? － .
A. That’s right B. All right C. That’s all right D. Thank you
（ ）17）－How do you feel now, Mike? Are you ? －Yes, Mum.
A. right B. all right C. good D. sure
（ ）18）－Is that Meimei speaking? － .
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, she is C. Yes, I am D No, I am not
（ ）19）Is that your new watch? Let me it.
A. watch B. see C. show D. look
（ ）20）－I have two tickets for the new film. －That’s .
A. great B. right C. OK D. sure
3．补全对话
A：Hello! 65238497.
B：Hello! ① I ② ③ Miss Gao, Please?
A：I’m afraid not. She isn’t 4 at the moment. Can I 5 a message?
B：Yes, please, 6 7 Tom’s father 8 9 Mr Hu?
A：Oh! Morning. Mr Brown.
B：My 10 is ill today. I’m afraid he 11 go to school.
A：I’m 12 to hear that. I hope he will be 13 tomorrow.
B： 14 15 . Mr Hu. Goodbye.
A： 16 .
4．正确解释下列单词
（ ）1）ring A．a very short time
（ ）2）tomorrow B．to speak to on the telephone
（ ）3）out C．the day after today
（ ）4）moment D．to go up
（ ）5）climb E．away from home
5．阅读理解
Jim is ten years old. One day his friend Tom says to him. “I am going to have a birthday party on Saturday. Jim, can you come to my party?” “I’ll be glad to. “answers Jim.”
Before Jim goes to the party on Saturday afternoon, his mother says to him. “Now, Jim, don’t forget to be polite (有礼貌的). Don’t ask for good until (直到) someone gives it to you.”
“All right, Mum. “Jim answers, and he goes to Tom’s house on his new bike.”
There are a lot of children at the party. They play together (一起) for an hour. Then Tom’s mother gives them some food. But she forgets to give Jim any. He waits politely for ten minutes and then he holds his plate up in the air and says loudly (大声地) “Does anyone want a nice and clean plate?”
1．How old is Jim? He is .
A. eight B. ten C. twenty D. eleven
2．Tom is going to on Saturday.
A. have a meeting B. have a talk C. have a football D. have a birthday party
3．Jim goes to Tom’s house .
A. by bus B. on foot C. by bike D. on a horse back
4．Which of these sentences is right? .
A. There are few children at the party
B. Jim throws his plate out of the window
C. Tom’s mother forgets to give Jim any food
D. Jim isn’t angry at all, so he doesn’t want any food
5．We can see that Jim is .
A. clever B. old C. tall D. short
6．完形填空
Mother looks at Tom’s shoes and 1 , “Tom, 2 your shoes.How dirty (脏的) they are! You 3 clean 4 .”
“Oh! Mum, but I cleaned them yesterday.” Says the boy.
“They are dirty now, you must clean them again.”
“I don’t want 5 them again. If (如果) I clean them today, they 6 be dirty again tomorrow.”
Tom’s mother thinks for a moment (一会儿) and says, “ 7 ”.
In the evening, Tom 8 back from school. He is very hungry.
“Mum, give me something to 9 .” He says.
“You have your breakfast in the morning. Tom, and you have lunch 10 .” his mother says.
“I’m hungry again. I want to eat something.”
“oh, hungry? But if you eat something today, you are going to be hungry again tomorrow.”
1．A. tells B. speaks C. says D. talks
2．A. see B. look at C. watch D. have a look
3．A. can B. may C. mustn’t D. must
4．A. it B. they C. them D. their
5．A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleans D. clean
6．A. are going B. are going to C. are D. /
7．A. It doesn’t matter B. All right C. Not at all D. /
8．A. goes B. comes C. walks D. come
9．A. drink B. eat C. have D. do
10．A. in the morning B. at school C. after school D. at the home
答案
1．A D D C B
2．C D A B C B B D A C D B A B A A B A B A
3．（1）May/Could/Can （2）speak （3）to （4）in （5）take （6）this
（7）is （8）Is （9）that （10）son （11）can’t （12）sorry
（13）better/fine/well （14）Thank （15）you （16）Goodbye
4．1）B 2）C 3）E 4）A 5）D
5．B D C C A
6．C B D C A B B B B B
篇6：八年级英语第十五单元Thanks for the message!-八年
八年级英语第十五单元Thanks for the message!-八年级英语教案-英语教案,试题,论文,听
内容
教学目标
1．词汇
A．单词 photo相片，enough足够，story故事，harvest收获
B．词组 at the cinema在电影院，take a message捎（口）信，by the way顺便问/说一下，the next day第二天，ring up打电话，at the moment此刻/现在，show…to…
把……指/出示给某人看，write down写下来，need help with…在某方面需要帮助
2．句型 answer the telephone/phone回电话，I’m afraid…恐怕我……，ask sb to do请求/
要求某人做某事，Could/May I speak to…请……接电话
3．日常用语
1）He’s out/in. 他不在/在家。2）Please ring him. 请给他回电话。3）It’s a pleasure.=You’re welcome. 不用谢。4）See you later/tomorrow/next meek. 一会儿/明天/下周见。
教学重点与难点
1．answer意为“回答”。但其后接意义不同的名词则译义也会有微妙的不同。但宏观上是一样的。例如：
1）Mrs Green, answer the phone, please. 格林太太，请接电话。
2）Did she answer your letter? 她给你回信了吗？
3）He stood up and answered the doorbell. 门响了，他站起身去开门。
4）No one in the class could answer that question. 班里没人能回答那个问题。
注：answer做名词，表示“……的回答”时，要和介词to搭配。例如：
5）This is the answer to that question. 这就是那个问题的答案。
6）Did you have an answer to your letter? 你收到回信了吗？
2．telephone, phone, ring & call的用法
△这四个词都可用作动词，表示“打电话给……”。例如：
1）Kate telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) her brother Jim last night.
凯特昨天晚上给她的哥哥吉姆打了个电话。
2）She telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) him to say that she didn’t
catch the train.
她打电话告诉他她没赶上火车。
3）Ann telephoned/phoned/rang (up)/called (up) the twins at their home this morning.
安今天早晨打电话到双胞胎的家里。
4）Who are you calling? 你找谁？
注：telephone, phone可用于telephone/phone a message to sb或telephone/phone sb a message这一结构，而ring & call不能这样用。例如：
5）I am going to telephone/phone her the message tomorrow.
我打算明天打电话把这件事告诉她。
△这四个词还都可用作名词，表示“打电话”。例如：
6）You are wanted on the phone, miss Gao. 高小姐，你的电话。
7）I told him about it by telephone/on/over the phone. 我在电话里把这件事告诉了他。
8）He gave his wife a few calls/rings, but she was out.
他给他妻子打了几次电话，可她不在家。
9）I’d like to make a call/phone to her. 我想给她打个电话。
注：例句6）、7）不用call或ring，例句8）不用phone，例句9）不用ring。
注：ring做动词时，还可表示“铃声响”，“使……响”。例如：
10）The bell is ringing.=There goes the bell. 铃响了。
11）He rang the bell and the door opened. 他按了门铃，门就开了。
3．message消息，音信
学习这个词，主要注意与它有关的动词和介词的搭配。例如：
1）Would you like to leave a message? 你想留个口信吗？
2）Can I take a message for you? 要我给你带个口信吗？
3）Please pass/give her the message. 请把这消息给她捎去。
4）Hello, Tom. I have got a message for you from Peter.
喂，汤姆。我这儿有彼得给你的口信。
5）Hello, John. The message to you is on your desk. 喂，约翰。给你留的条在你的书桌上。
注：message可以指口信，也可以指书面留条。
4．打电话用语
1）May/Could/Can I speak to miss Qin, please?
我能和秦小姐通话吗？/我想找秦小姐。
2）I would like to speak to Miss Qin. 我要与秦小姐讲话。/我想找秦小姐。
3）－Who’s that (speaking)?－This is Mary (speaking). －请问你是谁？－我是玛丽。
4）－Is that Mary (speaking)?－Yes, it is. －是玛丽吗？－是的，我就是。
5）Hold on for a moment, please. 请稍等。
注：例句3）4）中的that和this不能仅为人称代词，即不能说－Who are you?/Are you…?
－I am….但可用it。
5．I’m afraid…
当be afraid后面接宾语从句时，表示遗憾，抱歉或担心的语气。相当于be sorry to say。当其后接动词不定式时，表示“不敢做……”，“害怕做……”。还可以与of构成词组be afraid of，表示“害怕……”。例如：
1）I’m afraid I have to go now. 恐怕我得走了。（表示遗憾）
2）I’m afraid I can’t help you at the moment. 恐怕我现在帮不了你。（表示歉意）
3）I’m afraid it’s going to blow. 恐怕要刮风了。（表示担心）
4）He’s afraid to see his father. 他不敢/害怕见他的`父亲。
5）Is the girl afraid of dogs? 那个小女孩怕狗吗？
6．next + 时间名词和the next + 时间名词
△next + 时间名词是指从现在开始的“下一个”，和一般将来时连用。例如：
1）I’m going to see my uncle next meek. 我打算下周去看我的叔叔。
2）They’re going to meet next Saturday. 他们准备下星期六见面。
注：不能说next day/morning/afternoon/evening。要表达以上意思，应该说tomorrow，
tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening。
△the next + 时间名词指过去或将来某一时间的“下一个”或“第二个”。例如：
3）They left for HangZhou the next day. 第二天他们去了杭州。
4）They got there in the afternoon and the next morning they went to the West Lake.
他们下午到那儿，第二天马上去西湖了。
5）He is coming to study in China for a year and he will study in America the next year.
他将在中国学习一年，然后第二年去美国学习。
7．enough一词的用法
意为“足够”，可做形容词，副词，名词等。例如：
1）I don’t have enough tickets/tickets enough for all of you.（形容词）
我没有足够的票分给你们大家。
2）There are not enough players/players enough to play football.（形容词）
踢球的人不够。
3）This story book is interesting enough. （副词）这本故事书非常有趣。
4）He is old enough to join the army. （副词）他到了可以参军的年龄了。
5）People now have enough to eat and wear. （名词）现在的人丰衣足食。
注：enough作形容词时，即可放在被修饰的名词之前，也可放在被修饰的名词之后。
见例句1）和2），作副词时，只能放在被修饰词的后面，不能放在前面，见例句3）和4）。
8．way的用法
意思很多，请看例句，用心去理解。
1）－Can you tell me the way to the post office? －Take this way, please.
－你能告诉我去邮局怎么走吗？－请走这条路。
2）It’s a long way from here to the station. 从这儿到车站很远。
3）On my/the way home/to the shop. I met an old friend of mine.
在回家/去商店的路上。我遇见了一位老朋友。
4）By the way, can you go for a walk with us? 顺便问一下，你能和我们一起散步吗？
5）We can do the problem in this/that way/in two ways.
我们可以用这个/那个/两个方法解这道题。
6）She smiled in a friendly way. 他友好地笑了笑。
7）I don’t like the way she speaks. 我不喜欢她说话的样子。
同步练习
1．找出下列每组单词中划线部分发音不同的选项
（ ）1）A. really B. sweater C. breakfast D. weather
（ ）2）A. well B. letter C. get D. the
（ ）3）A. warm B. water C. talk D. far
（ ）4）A. town B. now C. snow D. how
（ ）5）A. swim B. quite C. getting D. give
2．选择填空
（ ）1）We to work a farm last October.
A. go, on B. go, in C. went, on D. went, in
（ ）2）I am sorry I was not in when you .
A. come B. comes C. coming D. came
（ ）3）Jim needs help his Chinese.
A. with B. in C. on D. at
（ ）4）The children picked apples than the teachers.
A. much B. more C. many D. lots of
（ ）5）Polly picked the apples of all.
A. less B. least C. fewest D. fewer
（ ）6）Please show your new bike us.
A. for B. to C. on D. with
（ ）7）There a lot of milk in the bottle a moment ago, but now there isn’t .
A. is, some B. was, any C. are, some D. were, any
（ ）8）There were not enough trucks all the apples.
A. carry B. carried C. carrying D. to carry
（ ）9）There is going to English evening tomorrow.
A. be an B. be a C. have a D. have an
（ ）10）There was a phone call you, Jack.
A. of B. with C. for D. to
（ ）11）Please it in English, not in Chinese.
A. speak B. talk C. tell D. say
（ ）12） Wang Ping speaking?
A. Are you B. Is that C. Is he D. Is this
（ ）13）I don’t know his phone number. Did you ?
A. write it down B. write down it C. wrote it down D. write them down
（ ）14）She the cleaning this morning.
A. didn’t B. didn’t do C. wasn’t do D. didn’t does
（ ）15）－Could I have your eraser for a moment, please? － .
A. Sure B. really C. Right D. Not at all
（ ）16）－Is his phone number 63894527? － .
A. That’s right B. All right C. That’s all right D. Thank you
（ ）17）－How do you feel now, Mike? Are you ? －Yes, Mum.
A. right B. all right C. good D. sure
（ ）18）－Is that Meimei speaking? － .
A. Yes, it is B. Yes, she is C. Yes, I am D No, I am not
（ ）19）Is that your new watch? Let me it.
A. watch B. see C. show D. look
（ ）20）－I have two tickets for the new film. －That’s .
A. great B. right C. OK D. sure
3．补全对话
A：Hello! 65238497.
B：Hello! ① I ② ③ Miss Gao, Please?
A：I’m afraid not. She isn’t 4 at the moment. Can I 5 a message?
B：Yes, please, 6 7 Tom’s father 8 9 Mr Hu?
A：Oh! Morning. Mr Brown.
B：My 10 is ill today. I’m afraid he 11 go to school.
A：I’m 12 to hear that. I hope he will be 13 tomorrow.
B： 14 15 . Mr Hu. Goodbye.
A： 16 .
4．正确解释下列单词
（ ）1）ring A．a very short time
（ ）2）tomorrow B．to speak to on the telephone
（ ）3）out C．the day after today
（ ）4）moment D．to go up
（ ）5）climb E．away from home
5．阅读理解
Jim is ten years old. One day his friend Tom says to him. “I am going to have a birthday party on Saturday. Jim, can you come to my party?” “I’ll be glad to. “answers Jim.”
Before Jim goes to the party on Saturday afternoon, his mother says to him. “Now, Jim, don’t forget to be polite (有礼貌的). Don’t ask for good until (直到) someone gives it to you.”
“All right, Mum. “Jim answers, and he goes to Tom’s house on his new bike.”
There are a lot of children at the party. They play together (一起) for an hour. Then Tom’s mother gives them some food. But she forgets to give Jim any. He waits politely for ten minutes and then he holds his plate up in the air and says loudly (大声地) “Does anyone want a nice and clean plate?”
1．How old is Jim? He is .
A. eight B. ten C. twenty D. eleven
2．Tom is going to on Saturday.
A. have a meeting B. have a talk C. have a football D. have a birthday party
3．Jim goes to Tom’s house .
A. by bus B. on foot C. by bike D. on a horse back
4．Which of these sentences is right? .
A. There are few children at the party
B. Jim throws his plate out of the window
C. Tom’s mother forgets to give Jim any food
D. Jim isn’t angry at all, so he doesn’t want any food
5．We can see that Jim is .
A. clever B. old C. tall D. short
6．完形填空
Mother looks at Tom’s shoes and 1 , “Tom, 2 your shoes.How dirty (脏的) they are! You 3 clean 4 .”
“Oh! Mum, but I cleaned them yesterday.” Says the boy.
“They are dirty now, you must clean them again.”
“I don’t want 5 them again. If (如果) I clean them today, they 6 be dirty again tomorrow.”
Tom’s mother thinks for a moment (一会儿) and says, “ 7 ”.
In the evening, Tom 8 back from school. He is very hungry.
“Mum, give me something to 9 .” He says.
“You have your breakfast in the morning. Tom, and you have lunch 10 .” his mother says.
“I’m hungry again. I want to eat something.”
“oh, hungry? But if you eat something today, you are going to be hungry again tomorrow.”
1．A. tells B. speaks C. says D. talks
2．A. see B. look at C. watch D. have a look
3．A. can B. may C. mustn’t D. must
4．A. it B. they C. them D. their
5．A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleans D. clean
6．A. are going B. are going to C. are D. /
7．A. It doesn’t matter B. All right C. Not at all D. /
8．A. goes B. comes C. walks D. come
9．A. drink B. eat C. have D. do
10．A. in the morning B. at school C. after school D. at the home
答案
1．A D D C B
2．C D A B C B B D A C D B A B A A B A B A
3．（1）May/Could/Can （2）speak （3）to （4）in （5）take （6）this
（7）is （8）Is （9）that （10）son （11）can’t （12）sorry
（13）better/fine/well （14）Thank （15）you （16）Goodbye
4．1）B 2）C 3）E 4）A 5）D
5．B D C C A
6．C B D C A B B B B B
八年级英语第十五单元Thanks for the message!_八年级英语教案-英语教案,试题,论文,听力
篇7：小学一年级上册语文第十五单元试卷
小学一年级上册语文第十五单元试卷
一、读一读，写一写。
yuànyì xīn kǔ chú hé mǐfàn
二、读拼音写词语。
hàn shuǐ zhòng tián zìjǐ míng bái
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
héhǎo zhōngwǔ hémiáo dāng xīn
( ) ( ) ( )( )
三、比一比，在组词。
和（ ）几（ ） 米（ ） 她（ ）
禾（ ）己（ ） 来（ ） 他（ ）
种（ ）午（ ） 汗（ ） 知（ ）
和（ ）牛（ ） 干（ ） 只（ ）
四、填空。
＋（）＝问 （）＋（）＝辛
（）＋（）＝种 （）＋（）＝粒
（）＋（）＝明 （）＋（）＝知
五、照样子写句子。
你愿意和我一起种稻子吗？
我愿意和你一起种稻子。
愿意 ?
愿意 。
六、给同类的字找家。
①层②被③落④滴⑤送⑥辛⑦床⑧粒⑨条⑩要⑾怕⑿愿
②
⑧
①
读写训练场
你喜欢背古诗吗？你还会背哪一首？能试着写下来吗？
实践小天地
你爱劳动吗？你在家里都做过哪些事情，说给你的同学听听，或者写下来。
篇8：第十五单元Unit 15 What's the time?
一、教学目标与要求
通过本单元教学，使学生能运用英语准确地表示时间，并能询问、应答有关时间方面的问题。在本单元还要继续认读4个国际音标。
二、教学重点与难点
1、句型：1)What's the time ?It's ...2)It's time to go home.
2、语法：1）进一步学习祈使句的用法；2）基数词（1~100）；3）时刻表示法。
3、音标：认读[Z[],[U],[tF],[dV]等4个音标。
三、课时安排
本单元共4课时，平均每课1课时（为教学方便考虑，本单元课与课之间有的顺序要打乱，但不影响总课时数）。
第五十七课Lesson Fifty-seven
一、教学内容
1、基数词（1~100）。
2、时刻表示法。
3、句型：What's the time ?It's...
二、教具
录音机；一个手工制作的大闹钟。
三、课堂教学设计
1、（为教学方便起见，本课与第58课之间的顺序要打乱，但不影响整个单元教学）
复习基数词。放第57课第二段Numbers的录音（到twenty为止)，学生跟读两遍。
2、教师讲授余下的基数词（twenty-one~a hundred)。再放录音，学生跟读两至三遍。进行快速反应你好练；教师用汉语说数词，学生给出相应英语。这个环节要多练，确信学生至少在60以内没有什么问题，反应既迅速又准确。
3、拿出事先准备好的教具“钟”，讲解时刻表示法。教师不断拨动钟盘上分针与时针，学生做出相应反应。
增加练习难度，教师变换钟表上的时间，用英语不断提问：
What's the time ?
要求学生迅速地用英语回答：It's ...
这个练习既可集体进行，也要注意单个训练。
4、翻到第58课。放课文第二段录音（教师也可利用这些所给时间，继续与学生练习问答），学生跟读。然后两人一组进行问答练习。（在课上教师中抓住一两个机会，询问当时上课的时间，要求学生应答）。
5、指导学生做练习册第57课习题1；第58课习题2、3；如果时间允许，可要求学生笔头回答一部分问题。
6、布置作业
1）抄写生词和新句型；2）完成练习册第57课习题1，第58课习题2、3。部分题目要求笔头答出。
四、难点讲解
基数词。
在英语中，表示数目的词叫做基数词。本单元中，我们将学习100以内的基数词。
这一百个基数词，不用个个死记硬背，只需掌握约三十个左右的基数词。从1~12是最基本的，即：one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve.13~9的基数词都以-teen作词尾，记忆起来较为方便。其中fourteen（十四），sixteen（十六），seventeen（十七）,nineteen（十九）这几个数词又包含它们个位的数词。从20~90的整十位数词，都以-ty作词尾。在十位数的后面加上一条短线：“-”，再写上个位数，就是几十几了。如：twenty-one(21),forty-seven(47),ninety-nine(99)等。最后，再记住一百的表示方法：one/a hundred，一百以内的基数词就可以全部掌握了。另外，不要忘记零的表示法，即：zero这个词。
第五十八课Lesson Fifty-eight
一、教学内容
1、词汇（略）
2、继续学习时间表示法及有关句型。
3、复习祈使句的用法。
二、教具
录音机；手工制作的钟表。
三、课堂教学设计
1、复习时间表示法。教师不断变换时针和分针的位置，与学生进行问答练习（穿插当时上课的真实时间），这一步骤可参考上一课教案。
2、指导学生做第58课第三部分问答。练习过程中，可教watch,give,to 等单词。
3、放第57课第一段录音。教师先板书两个问题：
1)Is it a new watch?2)Can Mr Hu look after the watch?
放录音一遍，学生回答黑板上的问题。再放录音，学生跟读两至三遍。
4、放第58课第一段录音。教师板书如下问题：
What colour is the watch?
其他步骤同前。注意在本课过程中，不断穿插问学生当时的真实时间。如果有的学生没有表，鼓励他们按真实情况依照第58课第三部分列出的句子应答，并解释两段对话中的祈使句。
5、指导学生做练习册第57课2、3题，第58课第1题。
6、布置作业
1）抄写生词；2）练习朗读第58，第58两课中的对话；3）完成练习册上习题。
四、交际用语
1、What's the time ,please?请问几点了？
这是询问时间最常见的句子。也可以说成：What time is it,please?回答时，使用It's...这个句型，再加上表示时间的基数词。例如：
A:What's the time,please?请问几点了？
B:It's eleven thirty. 11点半。
2、时间表示法
本单元出现的时间表示法比较简单。如果时间刚好是整点的话，在相应的数词加上o'clock即可。例如：
A:What's the time ,please？请问几点了？
B:It's three o'clock.三点整。
但要注意，一是时间是整点时，才可以这样使用。如果是几点过几分或差几分几点，都不能用o'clock表示。另外，超过12，就得用hour来表示。o'clock 是of the clock的缩写形式，在整点时也可省略有用。
不是整点的时间，表示起来也很容易。使用基数词，先说出几点，再说出几分。例如：
A:What time is it? 现在几点？
B:It's ten forty-five. 10点45分。
如果是几点零几分（一般是一分到九分），这个零要用英文字母o 表示。例如；
A:What time is it?现在几点？
B:It's seven o five. 7点零5分（o读字母音）。
3.I don't have a watch. 我没有手表。
have表示“有”的意思。它在构成否定式时，有两种变化：一是像上面的句子中，借助助动词don't，构成否定式；一是在have后面直接加not，缩略形式为haven't。上面这句话也可以说成：I haven't a watch.此外，have 还需要单数第三人称的变化形式，当主语是单数第三人称时，如：he,she ,it等， have要变为 has 。例如 ：He has two brothers。他有两个兄弟。
第五十九课Lesson Fifty-nine
一、教学内容
1、词汇（略）。
2、复习祈使句；并初步学习情态动词must的用法。
3句型：It's time to go to bed.
二、教具
录音机；手工制作的钟表。
三、课堂教学设计
1、复习（具体做法同上课教学步骤）。
2、教师板书以下时间和几个动词短语：
7:25 you must go to school.
8:00 you must go to the classroom
5:15 you must go home
10:00 you must go to bed .
通过提问形式，引导出动词短语的含义以及情态动词must的用法：T：（指着黑板上7：25这一时刻）What's the time?
Ss:It's 7:25.
T:Right. It's 7:25 now. YOU MUST GO TO SCHOOL.
引导学生猜这一句话的含义，教师可借助一些动作的演示，帮助学生理解。
其他几个时间及相应的动词短语教学步骤相同。每出现一个短语，教师可领读几遍。
3、放课文第一段录音。教师先板书问题：What's the time？（也可口头提问）
放录音一遍，学生回答教师的问题（教师可解释about的含义）。再放录音，学生跟读两至三遍（教师解释Let me see.等祈使句用法）。
4、放课文第二段录音。教师可先用汉语提问：A必须去做什么？
放录音。要求学生用英语答出：He must go to bed.这一句。让学生模仿这句，说出：It's time to go to school/go home。等句子。
5、教师讲明“Bingo“这个游戏的要求，让学生按示范准备好一个表格，任意填上1~100之间的基数词（或按课本要求填写），教师可叫两个学生到前面，在黑板上准备好自己的表格和数词，然后开始做这个游戏。教师应该对自己所读的基数词有个记录，每个数词视自己学生情况读一至两遍。
6、布置作业
1]抄写生词；2]练习朗读本课对话；3]完成练习册习题。
第六十课Lesson Sixty
一、教学内容
1、单元复习。
2、学唱：Lucy, Put Your Shoes On!
3、认读音标[Z[]，[U]，[tF]，[dV]。
4、基数词小结。
二、教具
录音机；手工制作教具钟；音标卡片。
三、课堂教学设计
1、复习时刻表示法（步骤同上一课）。
2、放课文第二段录音。打开练习册，学生边听边完成练习2。录音放3遍，然后核对。
3、复习已认读的音标。教师出示卡片，学生或集体、或个人认读。
教师出示本课4个音标卡片，在教师指导下学生认读，反复几遍。做练习册习题1（具体步骤参照第56课教案）。
教师领读练习3，要求学生为所列出单词的元音字母注音标。
4、学唱歌曲。过一遍歌词。放录音，学生跟唱。
5、小结基数词。指导学生参阅书后所列出的数词表。
6、布置作业
1]练习朗读本课音标；2]完成练习册习题。
7、小测验
1]听写本单元要求四会的生词和句型；2]教师用数词在黑板上写出若干时间，要求学生用英语重写；3]参照练习册第59课习题1中的插图（任选一张），编写对话。
四、难点讲解
It's time to go to school.该上学了。
这个句子的It's time to...表示“该做某事了”。to和后面的原形动词或动词短语构成动词不定式短语。例如：
1]It's time to go home.该回家了。
2]It's time to play games.该做游戏的时候 了。
篇9：高三英语第十五单元Study skills（学习技能）
科目 英语
年级 高三
文件 high3 unit15.doc
标题 Study skills（学习技能）
章节 第十五单元
关键词 高三英语第十五单元
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ.词汇学习
enlarge , remind sb of , fix a date for , appreciate, long-term , encouragement
Ⅱ. 交际英语
Invitations and responses (邀请与应答)
发出邀请时可以说：
1. Will you come to …?
2. Would you like to do ？
3. I’d like to invite you to …
4. Are you free on Sunday ?
5. If you’re not doing anything on Monday morning , would you like to do …
6. We’d like you to join us .
7. Do join me for a coffee .
8. We’re having a dance on Sunday . I hope you will come .
9. Would you do me the pleasure of attending our wedding (婚礼) ? = May we have the pleasure of your company at our wedding ?
10. I’d very much like you to come to our dinner party .
接受邀请时常用：
1. Yes , I’d love to .
2. Yes , that’s very kind / nice of you .
3. I’d love to , but …
4. How nice !
5. I’d like to … , but … . Thank you all the same .
Ⅲ. 语法学习
复习和归纳句子的成分 -- 谓语；复习情态动词和实义动词的时态。
在情态动词中要重点掌握情态动词的完成时的用法。如：should have done与should not have done , needn’t have done , must have done
另外，复习主谓一致的测试热点。
【指点迷津】
这些一致你了如指掌吗 ？
1. 主语 people 作“人们，人民”解时，谓语动词用复数，作“民族”解时，有单复数之分。如：
Our people is a great one .
There are 56 peoples in China .
2 . 主语是 a / this / that kind of + 名词，谓语用单数形式，主语指的不是一种而是多种，谓语动词用复数。如：
This kind of cloth feels soft .
There are different kinds of animals .
3 . 主语是“each of … ”，“neither of … ”，“either of … ”，“one of … ”等时，其谓语用单数。如：
Each of them has his own duty .
4 . 陈述部分用 everybody , everyone , somebody , someone , anybody , anyone , nobody , no one 或 no + 复数名词等作主语时，反意部分用 they。而陈述部分用 everything , something , nothing , anything 时，反意部分代词则采用单数，用 it 。
Somebody is waiting for you , aren't they ?
Everything is all right , isn't it ?
5 . 动名词或动词不定式作主语，其谓语用单数形式。
When and where to build the new factory is not decided yet .
6 . 用引号的词语作主语时，谓语用单数第三人称。
“I” is the ninth letter of the English Alphabet .
7 . 在强调结构中如被强调的是句子的主语，则 who 或 that 后面的谓语动词的人称和数应和主语一致。
It is Mike who always helps me study maths after class .
8 . wish 后接宾语从句用虚拟语气，如表示与现在事实相反，无论主语是单数还是复数，be 动词用 were。
I wish I were ten years younger .
9 . police , cattle 等集合名词作主语时，谓语用复数。
The murderer has run away . The police are searching for him .
10 . 算式中表示数目的主语通常看作单数，其谓语常用单数形式，也可用复数。
Five times four is twenty .
11 . youth 作“青年们”解作主语时，谓语用复数。
The youth of China today are doing their best to study modern science and technology .
12 . each 作同位语放在复数主语后，谓语不受单数 each 的影响。如：
The boy and the girl each have their own toys .
13 . 当 with 引出的短语结构后面出现 both 时，with 的含义变成 and ，此时谓语动词应该用复数形式。如：Martin with his wife ,both working in the same company , have decided that they would send their little daughter to the nearest kindergarten .
14 . “one of + 复数名词 + 谓语”是固定结构，谓语动词用单数。但是，在“one of + 复数名词 + 定语从句”句型中，定语从句的谓语用复数；若 one of 的前面有 the , the only 时，谓语仍用单数。试对比：
He is one of the people who always help others .
She is the only one of my guests that comes from India .
15 . 主语是以-ics 结尾的学科名词以及 news , works , (工厂) , politics 等都属形式复数，而意义单数的名词，其谓语用单数形式。另外 means 一词单复数同形应视具体情况而定。
Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn .
A new means of teaching is being used in that school .
注：学科名词前如有物主代词修饰时，谓语常用复数。如：My mathematics are week .
16 . 主语是用作书名、剧名、报纸名、国名等的复数名词，谓语一般用单数形式。
The United States is a developed country .
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元重点词汇点拨
1. enlarge扩大；变大；增多
We enlarge the playground last year .
〖点拨〗enlarge on / upon详述；细说
Could you enlarge on / upon the point ?
2. encouragement鼓励；激励；促进
He received a lot of encouragement from his teacher . 老师给了他很大的鼓励。
〖点拨〗encourage sb to do鼓励某人干…… 。encourage sb in助长。如：
The boss encouraged me to study abroad .
Don’t encourage him in his laziness .
encouraging鼓舞人心的，encouraged被鼓舞的。如：
They were encouraged by the encouraging news .
3. appreciate欣赏；感激；赏识
His works were not appreciated until after his death . 直到死后，他的作品才受到重视。
You will appreciate his novels better if you read his past .
〖点拨〗appreciate / enjoy + doing欣赏干……。
Do you appreciate driving minibus ?
单元词组思维运用
1. remind sb of使某人想起 ……
He reminded me of his kind father .
I was reminded of my promise .
注意：remind sb that ……使人想起。remind sb to do提醒某人做某事。
She reminded me that I hadn’t watered the flowers .
Remind me to mail this letter after work .
I reminded him to work hard .
2. fix a date for确定……的日期
Let’s fix a date for a picnic this weekend .
注意动词fix的词组：fix one’s eyes on / upon凝视。如：His eyes were fixed on the photo on the wall .
3. pick up a travel book拿起一本游记
4．dip into随便翻阅；浏览
I have only been able to dip into your book yet ; I hope soon to be able to read it seriously .
I can’t say that I know a great deal about modern painting - I’ve just dipped into one or two books on the subject .
5. read bits here and there这儿看一点那看一点
6. turn to翻到；求助于
Please turn to Page 30 .
We must turn to our monitor to finish such a thorough cleaning .
7. if you wish如果你想要的话
8. an article of clothing一件衣物
注意：a suit of clothes一套衣服
9. above all最重要的是
注意：in all总共，first of all首先。
10. refer to
Don’t get angry . The person he referred just now isn’t you .
11. take turns to do轮流干……
12. shut up闭嘴；住口；关闭
For heaven’s sake , shut him up , he’s said quite enough already .
Shut up ! You’re just talking nonsense .
We got the house shut up only minutes before the storm hit . 在暴风雨来临之前几分钟，我们才把屋子的门窗关闭起来。
13. talk things through充分透彻地谈问题
14. make good (great , rapid , much , little ) progress in
15. agree on a time在时间上意见一致
16. a letter in reply回信
17. in the immediate future不久的将来
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1. But not all stories belong to this class . 但并不是所有小说都属于这一级别。
〖明晰〗(1) not与all , both , every , always , altogether , entirely , everybody , everything , everywhere连用表达部分否定。如：
All is not lost that is in danger . （谚）处于危险中并非就是失败。(祸福难分)
The good and the beautiful don't always go together . (Shakespeare) 善和美不一定时常是相连的。
(2) class 在本课作“等级，种类”讲。如：
travel third class 乘三等车（或舱）旅行/He is doing first class.他干得 非常好。/It's one of the second-class public schools.那是一所一流的公立学校。
2. Second , do not stop every time you come to a word or phrase you do not know . 第二，不要每碰到一个不认识的单词或短语就停下来……。
〖明晰〗Every time, each time “每次，每当，无论何时”以及by the time “到……时” 可相当于连词引导时间状语从句。如：
Every time I meet him , he tries to borrow books from me . 每当我遇到他，他总是向我借书。
By the time he was 15 , he had already had his own laboratory . 到他15岁时，他已经有了自己的实验室。
3. …by the end of the chapter you will have guessed its meaning . 到了全章快读完时，你就会猜出这个词的意思了。
〖明晰〗(1)由by the end of…引出的短语，主句常用过去完成时或将来完成时。如：
By the end of last month, they had produced 1000000 candles .
By the end of this century, China will have become a socialist country . 到本世纪底，中国必将成为一个社会主义强国。
(2) will / shall + have + p.p. 构成将来完成时，该时态可表将来某一时刻前已完成的动作，也可表说话人对某一业已先成的事态的推测。如：
He will have gained his pilot's license before his next birthday . 他下个生日前会拿到飞行证的。
You will have received an invitation to the wedding as well . 你肯定会收到参加婚宴的邀请的。
4. …and is therefore likely to be an article of clothing . 因此很可能是一件衣服。
〖明晰〗likely常用于sth / sb + be + likely to do很可能干但possible , probable , impossible , improbable 却不用人作主语 , 常用 : It + be + possible / probable (for sb) + to do. 如：
He is likely to be the best poet here . 他很可能是这最好的诗人。
It is impossible that he can finish the task in such a short time . 他不可能在如此短的时间内完成这项任务。
（本课最后一段中）If you hate science stories , you are unlikely to enjoy reading them in English . 如果你不喜欢科幻小说，那么你不大可能喜欢读英文版的科幻小说。
5. In other words , I should not watch TV, or look over your shoulder at other people while we are talking together . 换句话说，我们在一起交谈时，我不应该看电视或越过你肩膀看别人。
〖明晰〗(1) in other words 换句话说 (= that is , that is to say)
(2) look over 从…上面看过去；查看；检查。如：
Don't look over your shoulder while walking on such a slippery road . 在过如此滑的路面时，请匆扭头张望。
The secretary spent a night looking over her notes . 秘书花了一夜时间查看她的记录。
6. First , take turns to listen . 首先 轮流做听众。
〖明晰〗take turns“依次，轮流”后常接不定式，at＋ing或直接加-ing 。表示“轮流”的介词词组有 in turn 和 by turns 。如：
take turns to watch over the oxen = take turns (at) watching over the oxen = watch over the oxen in turn = watch over the oxen by turns . 轮流看护牛群。
（本课最后一段）If friends can take turns to listen to each other well, life will be better ! 如果朋友们之间能轮流做好听众，生活就会更美好!
7. hobby , habit , custom , practice
〖明晰〗 (1) hobby (业余)爱好；嗜好，消遣。如：
Reading children's literature is a hobby with my nephew . 我侄侄在业余时间爱读儿童文学消遣。
He collects butterflies for a hobby . 他以搜集各种蝴蝶为业余爱好。
Growing roses is her hobby . 养玫瑰花是她的爱好。
(2) habit“习惯”，侧重于强调一时期内不自觉地形成的，并且不易去掉的个人习惯。如：
Smoking is a bad habit . 吸烟是种坏习惯。
habit 的常见搭配有：be in the / a habit of , have the / a habit of 有……的习惯，break away from / off a habit改掉一种习惯， get / fall into the habit of 养成……习惯。
(3) custom“习惯；习俗”，指经过一个较长的时间而形成的社会或地区性风俗。如：
It is the custom to dye eggs at Easter . 在复活节染鸡蛋壳已成为习俗。
(4) practice“习惯”，指惯常的做法。如：
I don't like her practice of going to bed late every evening . 我不喜欢他每天晚睡的做法。
8 .above all , in all , after all , all in all , for all
〖明晰〗 (1) above all 首先，首要，尤其。如：
Never waste anything . Above all , never waste time . 任何东西都不可浪费，尤其不可浪费时间。
(2) in all 总共，共计。如：
Shall I pay you the money in part or in all ? 这笔款子我该给你部分地付还是全部付清泥 ?
(3) after all 毕竟，终究，终归。如：
He said he would not come in, but he came in after all . 他说他不进来，但他毕竟进来了。
(4) all in all总的来说，总计；完全地。如：
The book has some weak spots , but all in all. I consider it a success . 这本书有一些缺点，然而总的来说我认为它是成功的。
(5) for all 尽管。如：
For all his wealth , he is unhappy . 尽管他很有钱，他并不快乐。
9. shut up , shut down , shut away , shut in , shut off , shut out
〖明晰〗 (1) shut up 闭嘴，住口。如：
Shut up ! You're just talking nonsense . 住口!你这是在说废话。
(2) shut down 停工，停业。如：
The automobile plant was shut down for two months as a reasult of the strike . 那家汽车厂由于罢工关闭了两个月。
(3) shut away 限制，隔离，禁闭。如：
Important prisoners were shut away in a remote mountain village . 重要的犯人被监禁在偏僻的山林里。
(4) shut in 围住；关进；禁闭(= shut away)。如：
The house was shut in by factories all round . 这房子周围都被工厂围住。
(5) shut off 关停（煤气，水电等）。如：
They shut off the gas and electricity in their house before leaving on holiday . 他们假日离家前把煤气和电都关掉。
(6) shut out 不让……进来，把……关在外面(＝ keep…out of)。如：
The late comers were all shut out of the stadium . 迟到者都被关在体育场外面不让进去。
10. enlarge, expand , extend , widen , broaden , grow , increase
〖明晰〗 (1) enlarge“扩大”，指面积，体积和范围的扩大及能力的增大，不指重量、速度，时间等。如：
an enlarged meeting扩大会议/The city has enlarged.城市面积扩大了。 /The business is enlarging. 企业在不断扩大。/Reading a lot enlarges the mind. 大量阅读使人增长才智。
(2) grow“成长，长大”，常用于人、生物的长大，数量的增长不用grow。如：
(SEFC B3 L26) So certain types of plant grow all over the stones and their roots go down into the holes between the stones . 所以某些种类的植物在这些石头上面长满了， 它们的根深深钻进石块之间的洞穴 之中。
(3) increase 指数量、程度、财富、权力的“增加、增长”。如：
Total industrial output value increased by 8% . 工业总产值增长了百分之八。
(4) expand 膨胀大，extend 延伸长，widen 和 broaden 为“加宽后扩大”。
【妙文赏析】
as poor as a church mouse
教堂 ( church ) 是教徒们进行宗教活动的地方，教徒们虔诚地作礼拜，当然没有人在这里吃东西，自然也不会有食品橱，一切都为得庄严肃穆。所以老鼠想在教堂里找吃的东西，根本的枉费心机，教堂里的老鼠 ( a church mouse ) 是非常穷的，所以就有 as poor as a church mouse 的说法，指某人一贫如洗。请看例句：
You want to borrow money from him ? He is as poor as a church mouse .你想向他借钱 ? 他一贫如洗。
英语词语掌故浩如烟海、源远流长，经历了岁月的磨练，凝聚着民众的智慧，它简洁、生动、含蓄幽默，涉及到民间传说、神话寓言、风俗时尚、历史背景、名人佚事等等各个方面，英语词语掌故不仅能帮我们开拓视野、扩大知识面，而且还有助于我们了解英国语言文学的起源和发展，因此了解、熟悉英语词语掌故无疑是学好英语的一条必不可少的途径。
【思维体操】
“心”译
1. after one’s heart 2. a heart of gold
3. find in one’s heart to 4. have sth at heart
5. heart and soul 6.heart to heart
7. pluck up one’s heart 8. put one’s heart into
9. with a light heart 10. with one’s whole heart
答案：1、称心如意 2、道德高尚 3、心甘情愿 4、牢记在心 5、全心全意 6、开诚布公 7、鼓起勇气 8、专心致志 9、轻松愉快 10、诚心诚意
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元语法发散思维
一、易错用的主谓语一致 14 点
1. each + 名词 + and each + 名词用作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕Each boy and each girl have got an apple .
〔 改正 〕改 have 为 has .
〔 归纳 〕下面两种情况，动词也用单数：
A . every + 名词 + and every + 名词作主语时：
Every man and every woman in the village is here .
B . no + 名词 + and no + 名词作主语时：
No teacher and no student has seen the film .
2. 当一个人兼两种身份而作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕Her teacher and friend often help her to paint .
〔 改正 〕改 help 为 helps。
〔 归纳 〕两个名词用 and 连接用作主语，重复使用冠词和不重复使用冠词时，动词可能不一样。下列短语作主语时，应视为复数 ( 第二个冠词省略了 ) ： a boy and girl , a man and woman , the Chinese and Japanese language , the oil and textile industry , a teacher and student , a cow and ox等。如：比较：
A journalist and a novelist have come to see you .
A journalist and novelist has come to see you .
A man and woman are walking on the street .
3.and 连接的两个名词表达一个共同的概念或一个完整的东西时应视作单数。
〔 错例 〕A cart and horse are seen coming to us .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is。
〔 归纳〕以下名词短语都可视作单数。a watch and chain 一块带链的表，a needle and thread 一套针线，a knife and fork 一副刀叉，a cup and saucer 一套碟子茶杯，a coat and tie 一件上衣带领带，bread and butter 奶油面包，aim and end 目的，truth and honesty 真诚，child care and education 对孩子的管教，time and tide 岁月，the long and short of it 总的意思,iron and steel 钢铁,law and order 治安,soup and salad 汤与凉拌菜 ,hard struggle and plain living 艰苦奋斗与生活简朴。
4. Mary a + 单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕Many a scientist have devoted their lives to science .
〔 改正 〕改have 为 has
〔 归纳 〕A . a great many , a good many 都需要接复数名词，作主语时，动词用复数。B . more than one + 名词作主语时，动词用单数。C. more than one 不接名词时，动词用单数或复数都可以。D.在 there be 结构里用单数或复数。如：There is ( 或 are ) more than one student in the classroom .
5. one and a half …与 a + 名词 + or two 作主语
〔 错例 〕One and a half cakes are left on the plate .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is 。
〔 归纳 〕one and half + 名词作主语习惯上视作单数，但名词需要用复数形式。One or two + 名词作主语时视作复数；而 a + 名词 + or two 作主语时却可视作单数或复数。如：
There are one or two things I want to tell you .
A word or two is ( 或 are ) needed here . 这儿还需要一两个词。
6 . ( together ) with + 名词不影响原来主语的人称和数。
〔 错例 〕Mr.Wang , together with his wife , have gone to Australia .
〔 改正 〕改 have 为 has。
〔 归纳 〕下列词语与名词连用均不影响原来主语的人称和数：as well as , along with , as much as , but , except , in company with , more than , no less than , like , rather than , plus 等。
7 . 数词 + 名词表示重量、长短、距离、钱数、分数、时间等作主语时，动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕Twenty years are too long for a man's life .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is。
〔 归纳 〕动词用单数是因为我们把这些复数名词看成一个整体。如：
Three hours is enough for him to perform the operation .
表示艰苦难熬的岁月、时日作主语时动词也可用复数。如：
The first fifty years are the hardest . 最初的五十年是最艰难的。
8 . A number of books 与 The number of books 作主语时应选用数不相同的动词。
〔 错例 〕The number of books are twenty-three .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is。
〔 归纳〕A . the number of…意思是“…的数目；……的号码”，作主语时，动词用单数；a number of…意思是“许多…”，作主语时，动词用复数。如：The number of the key is 207 .
B . the average of + 名词作主语时动词用单数：an average of + 名词作主语时动词用复数。如：
The average of letters received each week is 600 .平均每周收到的信件是600件。
An average of 600 letters a week are received by the newspaper's office . 报馆每周平均收到600封信。
9.a basket of eggs 等作主语，动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕A basket of pears are not enough for them .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is。
〔 归纳 〕下面短语作主语时，动词也用单数：a basket of ( eggs ) 一篮 ( 鸡蛋 ) ，a cluster of ( grapes ) 一串 ( 葡萄 ) ， a pile of ( apples ) 一堆 ( 苹果 )， a team of ( football players ) 一队 ( 足球运动员 ) 。但 a group of ( students ) 作主语时，动词通常用复数。但：A group of girls are playing hide-and-seek .
10 .The rest ( of + 名词 ) 作主语时，动词不一定用单数。
〔 错例 〕The rest of the students is girls .
〔 改正 〕改 is 为 are。
〔 归纳 〕下面的词语作主语或作主语修饰语时则根据这些词所代表的名词的数或修饰的名词的数来决定动词的单、复数：Who , what , which , all , any , more , most , some , a lot of , lots of , plenty of , quantities of 以及 half , part , the rest , the remainder , 分数，百分数等。试对比：
Which are yours , the green ones or the red ones ?
Which is yours , the big one or the small one ?
There is only a little ink . All is here .
There are three books here . All a re written in English .
Twenty percent of the skin has been burnt .
Twenty percent of the machines are exported .
Two -thirds of the surface of the earth is water .
Three-thirds of the books are novels .
11. 某些集体名词作主语，意在其成员时，动词应该用复数。
〔 错例 〕Our family is all early risers .
〔 改正 〕改 is 为 are。
〔 归纳 〕这一类名词有： class 班，club 俱乐部，crew 全体船员 ( 乘务员 ) ，committee 委员会，couple 一对夫妇，crowd 人群，group 组、队 , audience 观众，听众，family 家庭，firm 公司；商号，flock 一群人，government 政府，public 公众，union 工会；联合会，team 队，England ( football team ) 英格兰足球队，等。这些名词用作主语时，如被看作整体，动词用单数，代词可用 it，its，which。如果是指该整体的成员，动词应用复数，代词用 they，their , who。但要注意主语、动词、代词在数方面的一致。如：
不可说：The crowd moves on . No one tries to stop them .
应该说：The crowd moves on . No one tries to stop it .
The class is big .
The class are practising swimming .
12. the country 可指“全国人民”，作主语时，动词用单数。
〔 错例 〕The country are opposed to war .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 is。
〔 归纳 〕表示“全体人”的这类名词还有：city , college , factory , house , school , table , town , university , world 等。它们与 the 连用作主语时，动词应该用单数。如：
The whole table has heard what he said .
The whole university is against the changes .
整个大学的人都反对这些改变。
The world knows that pollution has become a serious problem .
世界人民知道，污染已成了严重问题。
13. the + 形容词作主语时，动词不一定用复数。
〔 错例 〕The old is respected in our country .
〔 改正 〕改 is 为 are 。
〔 归纳 〕定冠词 + 形容词时，如表示一类人作主语时，动词用复数。常见的这一类有：the absent 缺席者，the aged 老年人，the brave 勇敢者，the dead 死人，the dying 要死的人，the deaf and mute 聋哑人，the disabled 残疾人，the exploited 被剥削者，the homeless 无家可归的人，the living 活着的人，the lost 失踪的人，the old 老年人，the oppressed 被压迫者，the poor 穷人，the present 出席的人，the rich 富人 ，the sick 病人，the strong 强者，the weak 弱者，the wise 聪明人，the wounded 伤员，the young 青年人等。
14. 用 either…or 连接的两个名词或代词作主语时，最接近动词的名词或代词决定动词的单、复数。
〔 错例 〕Either you or I are wrong .
〔 改正 〕改 are 为 am。
〔 归纳 〕涉及到类似用法的连词有 or , not only…but ( also ) 和 neither…nor。如：
You , he or I am to be sent to the front .
Neither you nor I am a doctor .
Not only you but also he has been to the Great Wall .
Are either you or he against this plan ?
【动脑动手】
单元能力立体检测
1 . 美丽的长城值得一看。
误：The beautiful Great Wall is worth to visit .
正：The beautiful Great Wall is worth visiting .
析：worth 是形容词，后面要跟名词或动词 - ing 形式，不能跟动词不定式。如将上面的 to visit 改成 a visit 也是正确的。
2 . 到了上学期末，我已学习将近两千个英语单词。
误：By the end of last term , I learned nearly two thousand English words .
正：By the end of last term , I had learned nearly two thousand English words .
析：这里的 by 有“before ( 在……之前 ) ”或“not later than ( 不迟于 ) ”的意思，表示“在 ( 某时 ) 前”或“到某时”已发生某事或出现某种情况，谓语动词多用完成时态。句中是“上学期末”，所以用过去完成时态。
3 . 那人走过来夺了老人的包。
误：The man came over and took the possession of the old man's bag .
正：The man came over and took possession of the old man's bag .
析：“take possession of”意为“夺取、占有”，是固定的表达方式，一般在 possession 前面不用 the。
4 . 这些动物对美洲土著人的生活有很大影响。
误：These animals had a great effect to the life of Native Americans .
正：These animals had a great effect on the life of Native Americans .
析：“have an effect on ( upon ) ”是固定搭配，意为“对……有影响”，“对……起作用”，effect 后面跟介词要用 on 或 upon，不能随意改动。
5 . 他突然间击了她的头。
误：All of a sudden he hit her on her head .
正：All of a sudden he hit her on the head .
析：汉语中“打某人的头”，在英语中常用“hit + sb . + on + the + 身体部位”这样的结构。值得注意的是其中冠词 the 不能用物主代词代替。又如：
He hit the boy in the face . 他打了孩子的脸。 ( face 前面要用 the , 不能用物主代词。 )
6 . 他没有逃跑得了，被俘了。
误：He failed to run away and was taken the prisoner .
正：He failed to run away and was taken prisoner .
析：“to take prisoner”，意为“被监禁”、“被俘”，是个习语，prisoner 前面不能用冠词。但是 take 这个动词可以用 keep 或 hold 代替。又如： He was taken ( held , kept ) prisoner in a small island . 他被囚禁在一个小岛上。
7 . 他一到达，就被卖给一个农民当奴隶。
误：At his arrival he was sold to a farmer as a slave .
正：On his arrival he was sold to a farmer as a slave .
析：“on one's arrival”是一个习语，其中介词要用 on，不能用别的词代替。
8 . 报社给他提供了一些资金。
误：His newspaper provided him some money .
正：His newspaper provided him with some money .
析：“为某人提供某物”，用 provide 表达有两种方式，一是“provide sb . with sth . ”，另一种是“provide sth . for sb . ”，也就是说要用介词搭配，误句中少用了介词。度比较：
The government is trying to provide the unemployed with jobs . ( = The government is trying to provide jobs for the unemployed . ) 政府正力图为失业者提供就业机会。
9 . 他一登台，我就认出他来了。
误：I recognized him the moment when he appeared on the stage .
正：I recognized him the moment he appeared on the stage .
析：the moment 虽是名词，但在这儿可以作连词用，相当于 as soon as , 因此后面再用 when 就是多余的了。类似的名词如 the minute , the second 等也可以这样。上面正句里的 the moment 也可以用 the minute , the second 来代替。又如：
The moment / minute / second you arrive at the port , please telephone me . 你一到达港口，就请给我打个电话。
10 . 你们当中一人扮演哈利，另一个人扮演记者。
误：One of you plays role of Harley , and the other role of a reporter .
正：One of you play the role of Harley , and the other the role of a reporter .
析：role 作“角色”解，通常构成“play ( take ) the role of . . . ”结构，意为“扮演……角色”。这是固定搭配，“the”不可少。又如：
He wishes to take ( play ) the role of a king . 他想扮演国王。
但是，role 前可以用形容词修饰，例如：
Both of them wanted to play ( take ) the leading role . 他们俩都想演主角。
11 . 他每次进城总要拜访他的老师。
误：Every time he came to the city , he would visit his teacher .
正：Every time he came to the city , he would visit his teacher .
析：“every time”是个名词词组，用作从属连词，引出时间状语从句，意为“每一……就……”。不能像误句那样连写。又如：
Copy it down every time you come to a beautiful sentence . 每当你碰到一个漂亮的句子就把它抄下来。
12 . 年轻人应该永远尊敬老年人。
误：Youth should always show the respect to old age .
正：Youth should always show respect to old age .
析：“show respect to”是一个习语，意思是“对某人表示尊重”，其中 respect 是不可数名词，前面不用冠词，但是可以有修饰词修饰。其中 show 可以用 have 代替，介词 to 也可用 for 代替。例如：
She had / showed no respect to / for manager . 她对经理一点也不尊重。
They have / show a great respect to / for the journalists .他们对记者非常敬重。
【创新园地】
写一篇短文，简述 Green School 受欢迎的原因。请在短文中包含以下内容：
1 . 历史悠久。
2 . 校园美丽。
3 . 设备良好。教学楼、实验室、语音室、计算机房、图书馆及体育馆都属全市最好的。
4 . 收费合理，每学期3000。
5 . 教师出色，大部分毕业于名牌大学。他们耐心，有经验，热爱学生。
注意：不要逐条翻译。词数：110字左右。
（请同学们写好后把答案反馈给我们）
【创新园地】答案
Why is Green School so popular in our city ?
For one thing , the school has a long history . Its school garden is very beautiful with trees and flowers everywhere . It is also well equipped . The classroom buildings , the experiment labs and the sound labs , the computer rooms , the library as well as the gymnasium are among the best of all schools . Besides , the tuition is only 3000 a term , less than that of other schools . But the most important reason for its popularity is the excellent teachers in Green School . Most teachers graduated from well-known universities and colleges . They have great patience , much experience and especially , deep love for the students .
★ 初一上册单元作文
★ 初一第四单元作文
★ 初一第一单元作文
初一第十五单元（通用9篇）
