“syeulunux23”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了6篇西安城墙英文导游词，下面小编为大家带来整理后的西安城墙英文导游词，希望大家喜欢!
篇1：西安城墙英文导游词
China has hundreds of ancient city wall, which with the biggest scale of ancient city wall in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi'an, but Beijing, the ancient city wall of Nanjing has been destroyed or badly damaged, and was founded in the year 1370 of ancient city wall of Xi'an so far are still intact. Japanese Emperor's visit to Xian, put “the eighth wonder of the world,” Qin terracotta pit can not, they boarded the 600 years ago Westgate tower built in the, a taste of the ancient city wall majestic appearance. Please follow me to visit the ancient city wall of Xi'an.
For visitors, these days we have been in the garage or enjoy the sunset in the dawn of the ancient city walls are colorful and ancient deep. Now we come to the foot of the wall, please go to the city wall tour.
Fellow tourists, then the city wall of Xi'an in the end how much it. Its structure is how? According to estimates, Xi'an city wall circumference of 11.9 kilometers, the east wall 2590 meters, west wall 2631.2 meters, south wall 3441.6 meters, north wall 3241 meters. Such a scale is relatively rare at home and abroad.
We saw the walls built outside the four guard gates of the town, called the urn. The so-called urn, meaning for the enemy once inside, will be the Barbican wall above the attack from all sides, like bottled up, unable to escape. Wengcheng also built a guard in the town, called the goat horse. Ancient gate Kai has closed the stipulated time, shut the gate after has not been returned to town can be together with holding his sheep, drive the horses into the sheep in Oklahoma City and modern city park area rest, waiting to open the gates to the city. Xi'an city has been completely destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty in sheep. Remember in 1986 in Xi'an City Andingmen (Simon) Barbican outside the north about 17.5 meters place found sheep Oklahoma City on the north side of the doorway, 5.5 meters long, 2.4 meters wide. Now we can see the gate Wengcheng lateral repaired sheep Macheng, wall 198 meters long, 9.5 meters high.
篇2：西安城墙英文导游词
Xi'an is located in the downtown area, rectangular, wall 12 meters high, 18 meters wide at the bottom, top width of 15 meters, 2590 meters long west east wall, south wall wall of 2631.2 meters long, 3441.6 meters long, the north wall is 3241 meters long, the total circumference of 11.9 km. There are four gate: East Gate of Changle, Xi'an door, South Yongning gate, north of the town, each of the Shing Mun are by the watchtower and the tower.
Xi'an city wall is the Ming Dynasty the years in policy of Zhu Yuanzhang “high walls, wide accumulate grain, slow the guidance of kings” under, built on the basis of the Tang imperial. Completely around the “defense” strategy system is greater than the thickness of the wall height, solid as a mountain, the top of the wall and practicing sports can. Walls include moat, drawbridge, building gate, watchtower, is buildings, towers, fortresses, parapet, forts and other a series of military facilities. Since the completion of the wall after three major renovations. Longqing two years (1568), Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang Zhi presided over the restoration of Tucheng first into brick city; Qing Emperor Qianlong 46 years (1781), Shaanxi governor, Bi source host on the walls and towers were renovated; since 1983, in Shaanxi Province and Xi'an Municipal People's Government of the city wall the large-scale renovation, construction has been the demolition of the east gate, north gate of the watchtower, on the South Gate building, suspension bridge, and built around the park, so that this ancient building glow in the old style, has become a tourist attraction for visitors in Xi'an.
篇3：西安城墙英文导游词
First of all we visited is a magnificent momentum of the city wall of the Ming dynasty. The walls of our eyes are bright. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang believes that “such as landscape solid, non storage by deep trenches and high ramparts, and not for security.” Now we see the city wall is a thing long, short and long rectangular, 13.79 km circumference, an area of 11.5 square kilometers. Is a function of careful design, form the magnificent military defense facilities. I will give you down respectively building structure of the various parts of both the one one walls were introduced:
First of all we see is the moat, also called the “moat”, it is the first line of defense to prevent the enemy attack. Across the moat only channel is our immediate suspension. The bridge in the past by the soldiers guard the gates in charge, they obey the command timing lifting morning bell and evening drum -- reminders “. Once the war is coming, the bridge was high up, the whole city will become a closed fortress. Just a friend of mine asked where control of suspension bridge, this is what we are here to visit the gates of, the above is building gate, namely lift bridge between control. Shing Mun is a very important part of the defense facilities, so now, please follow me into the Shing Mun, to understand the walls of the other part of the.
In fact, the perfect gate is composed of gate building, floor, watchtower. We see the outside is a building gate, lifting its most important role is to control the suspension bridge, and also has the night watchman role. Gate building is two story mount structure, although the form is very simple, but has a decisive role. This is the two line of defense of the city.
In front of the building to see the watchtower. A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.
The tall gate, the gate is the struggle between the two sides fighting the weak link, is also the ruler built defense key. Built in the Ming Dynasty wall, attaches great importance to the defense function of gate. Where they have a very high technological breakthrough, breaking the began in the Western Han Dynasty follows the 1500 year old ”lintel“ Gates, the biggest drawback is the fire attack, so there is ”gates of fire, disaster and later Fish“ story. Ming Dynasty city gate the coupons arch openings, can effectively resist incendiary attacks, so greatly improve the defense ability of the walls. Xi'an city wall door from top to lower transverse hoop 9 width 15 cm of iron bars, the 1800 mushroom nailing, strengthen the intensity of the door leaf, make arrows cannot be launched into the door, so as to strengthen the attack against the gates of. This is the third line of the city wall.
We can see a few words Yongning gate gate. In the Ming city wall of Xi'an East, West, North and south each have a city gate. South Gate, Yongning gate, mean south is Vulcan is located, is not to fire prayer, fires, eternal peace. East Gate of Changle gate, Hetuvidya capital city, Nanjing is located in the east of Xi'an, the word ”Changle“ with prayer wish Daming Jiangshan million years is not bad, long happy desire. Simon to Andingmen, suggesting that western frontier Aetna Kangding. The north gate of ANN Town, northern frontier means long-term stability, not war.
Now we have to climb the wall, to feel his magnificent momentum. The bottom wall with lime, loess, glutinous rice juice and stir ramming, after drying, as hard as stone. The history of the wall had several repairs, two of the most famous. The first is in Ming Longqing 20xx (1568 AD), at the Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang worshiped at the bottom of the wall top surface and an external wall are package to build the brick make the walls look magnificent and majestic. During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, at the Shaanxi governor, Bi Yuan and the walls were large-scale maintenance, reinforcement, will brick package thickening, the laying of sea of plaster, and upgrading the drainage system. The top of the walls on the plane is a sea of plaster, it is raised the city soldiers puta will channel, with tabia bottom covered with two layers of bricks and into, can be convenient to the city traffic and prevent water infiltration. Sea of plaster from outside to inside is 5 degrees of inclination, the rain quickly into the city inside the gutters, effectively protect the wall are not immersed in water to protect the wall. Walls of each separated by 40 - 60 meters a sink. They masonry structure, attached on the inside walls, direct from the top of the wall to wall, communicated and ditches. Xi'an city wall is preserved, the complete drainage system has played a significant role.
In order to ensure soldiers and chariot safe walking in the city, at the top of the wall built along the wall yu. In order to facilitate observation, and on the outer edge of the building wall. Square hole in the wall at the bottom of the eye is also called hanging out, a glimpse of soldiers shooting place.
A solid pier projecting along the outer wall called the Barbican, commonly known as navodon. On the wall a total of 98. The towers are 120 meters apart, the distance and the weapons of the past are related, the midpoint of 120 meters is 60 meters.
篇4：西安城墙英文导游词
西安城墙英文导游词
西安城墙英文导游词
All visitors:
China has hundreds of ancient city wall, which with the biggest scale of ancient city wall in Beijing, Nanjing and Xi'an, but Beijing, the ancient city wall of Nanjing has been destroyed or badly damaged, and was founded in the year 1370 of ancient city wall of Xi'an so far are still intact. Japanese Emperor's visit to Xian, put ”the eighth wonder of the world,“ Qin terracotta pit can not, they boarded the 600 years ago Westgate tower built in the, a taste of the ancient city wall majestic appearance. Please follow me to visit the ancient city wall of Xi'an.
For visitors, these days we have been in the garage or enjoy the sunset in the dawn of the ancient city walls are colorful and ancient deep. Now we come to the foot of the wall, please go to the city wall tour.
You must want to know what the real meaning of the city wall is. The word ”city wall“ was originally derived from the word ”city“. ”City“ according to the ”Shuowen“ explains, phonetic loan characters ”Sheng“, ”Sheng“ is satisfied that the people, so the original meaning of the word ”city“ is soil around the people and country, which leads to the walls of righteousness. Known as the backbone of the Chinese nation's ”the Great Wall city“ Yu, is also the meaning of the wall. Just later with the development of society, the word ”city“ also contains the interpretation of today's city. ”City“ first appeared in the Zhou Dynasty of Jin Wenzhong, see the physical embodiment of the military use of the ancient city wall from the shape. Military role of walls is protecting private ownership, and in ideology, wall body size and patriarchal clan system strictly reflect. Obviously the ruler is to create the wall, use it to protect themselves, that paul. Now we see the walls of Xi'an, is one of the most famous Chinese wall construction history. It from the Ming Hong Wu for three years (year 1370) Zhu Yuanzhang, issued an edict to repair the city to start, to Hong Wu eleven years (1378 AD) completed, which lasted 8 years is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the imperial city building expansion and, after successive repairs, basically maintained complete feudal society the walls of the building appearance, reflecting the outstanding achievement of Chinese ancient fortification technology.
Fellow tourists, then the city wall of Xi'an in the end how much it. Its structure is how? According to estimates, Xi'an city wall circumference of 11.9 kilometers, the east wall 2590 meters, west wall 2631.2 meters, south wall 3441.6 meters, north wall 3241 meters. Such a scale is relatively rare at home and abroad.
We saw the walls built outside the four guard gates of the town, called the urn. The so-called urn, meaning for the enemy once inside, will be the Barbican wall above the attack from all sides, like bottled up, unable to escape. Wengcheng also built a guard in the town, called the goat horse. Ancient gate Kai has closed the stipulated time, shut the gate after has not been returned to town can be together with holding his sheep, drive the horses into the sheep in Oklahoma City and modern city park area rest, waiting to open the gates to the city. Xi'an city has been completely destroyed in the late Qing Dynasty in sheep. Remember in 1986 in Xi'an City Andingmen (Simon) Barbican outside the north about 17.5 meters place found sheep Oklahoma City on the north side of the doorway, 5.5 meters long, 2.4 meters wide. Now we can see the gate Wengcheng lateral repaired sheep Macheng, wall 198 meters long, 9.5 meters high.
西安城墙英文导游词2
First of all we visited is a magnificent momentum of the city wall of the Ming dynasty. The walls of our eyes are bright. Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang believes that ”such as landscape solid, non storage by deep trenches and high ramparts, and not for security.“ So from the Ming Hong Wu for three years (year 1370) Xiazhao repair the city commenced, took eight years to complete, is in the capital of the Sui and Tang Dynasties on the basis of the Imperial City, to the North East, each expansion of the 1 / 4 points to build a form today's walls. Now we see the city wall is a thing long, short and long rectangular, 13.79 km circumference, an area of 11.5 square kilometers. Is a function of careful design, form the magnificent military defense facilities. I will give you down respectively building structure of the various parts of both the one one walls were introduced:
First of all we see is the moat, also called the ”moat“, it is the first line of defense to prevent the enemy attack. Across the moat only channel is our immediate suspension. The bridge in the past by the soldiers guard the gates in charge, they obey the command timing lifting morning bell and evening drum -- reminders ”. Once the war is coming, the bridge was high up, the whole city will become a closed fortress. Just a friend of mine asked where control of suspension bridge, this is what we are here to visit the gates of, the above is building gate, namely lift bridge between control. Shing Mun is a very important part of the defense facilities, so now, please follow me into the Shing Mun, to understand the walls of the other part of the.
In fact, the perfect gate is composed of gate building, floor, watchtower. We see the outside is a building gate, lifting its most important role is to control the suspension bridge, and also has the night watchman role. Gate building is two story mount structure, although the form is very simple, but has a decisive role. This is the two line of defense of the city.
In front of the building to see the watchtower. A total of 66 watchtower arrow window hole, the formation of the attack surface of a fan-shaped, but by window down killing the enemy soldiers.
Between the gate and building the watchtower, the formation of the half space, we called the barbican. Its role is if the enemy invaded the gates into the urn, when attacked by 4 urn face condescending, like wengzhongzhuobie.
We can see on the opposite side of the building is building, it is the innermost layer of the wall of building construction. Is building form style chongyanxieshan, he took command of the garrison is wartime command.
The tall gate, the gate is the struggle between the two sides fighting the weak link, is also the ruler built defense key. Built in the Ming Dynasty wall, attaches great importance to the defense function of gate. Where they have a very high technological breakthrough, breaking the began in the Western Han Dynasty follows the 1500 year old “lintel” Gates, the biggest drawback is the fire attack, so there is “gates of fire, disaster and later Fish” story. Ming Dynasty city gate the coupons arch openings, can effectively resist incendiary attacks, so greatly improve the defense ability of the walls. Xi'an city wall door from top to lower transverse hoop 9 width 15 cm of iron bars, the 1800 mushroom nailing, strengthen the intensity of the door leaf, make arrows cannot be launched into the door, so as to strengthen the attack against the gates of. This is the third line of the city wall.
We can see a few words Yongning gate gate. In the Ming city wall of Xi'an East, West, North and south each have a city gate. South Gate, Yongning gate, mean south is Vulcan is located, is not to fire prayer, fires, eternal peace. East Gate of Changle gate, Hetuvidya capital city, Nanjing is located in the east of Xi'an, the word “Changle” with prayer wish Daming Jiangshan million years is not bad, long happy desire. Simon to Andingmen, suggesting that western frontier Aetna Kangding. The north gate of ANN Town, northern frontier means long-term stability, not war.
Now we have to climb the wall, to feel his magnificent momentum. The bottom wall with lime, loess, glutinous rice juice and stir ramming, after drying, as hard as stone. The history of the wall had several repairs, two of the most famous. The first is in Ming Longqing 2002 (1568 AD), at the Shaanxi provincial governor Zhang worshiped at the bottom of the wall top surface and an external wall are package to build the brick make the walls look magnificent and majestic. During the reign of the Qing Dynasty, at the Shaanxi governor, Bi Yuan and the walls were large-scale maintenance, reinforcement, will brick package thickening, the laying of sea of plaster, and upgrading the drainage system. The top of the walls on the plane is a sea of plaster, it is raised the city soldiers puta will channel, with tabia bottom covered with two layers of bricks and into, can be convenient to the city traffic and prevent water infiltration. Sea of plaster from outside to inside is 5 degrees of inclination, the rain quickly into the city inside the gutters, effectively protect the wall are not immersed in water to protect the wall. Walls of each separated by 40 - 60 meters a sink. They masonry structure, attached on the inside walls, direct from the top of the wall to wall, communicated and ditches. Xi'an city wall is preserved, the complete drainage system has played a significant role.
In order to ensure soldiers and chariot safe walking in the city, at the top of the wall built along the wall yu. In order to facilitate observation, and on the outer edge of the building wall. Square hole in the wall at the bottom of the eye is also called hanging out, a glimpse of soldiers shooting place.
A solid pier projecting along the outer wall called the Barbican, commonly known as navodon. On the wall a total of 98. The towers are 120 meters apart, the distance and the weapons of the past are related, the midpoint of 120 meters is 60 meters.
西安城墙建筑形制
西安城墙完全围绕“防御”战略体系，城墙的厚度大于高度，非常坚固，墙顶可以跑车和操练。墙高12米，顶宽12—14米，底宽15—18米，周长13.74千米。城门有四：东长乐门，西安定门，南永宁门，北安远门。每门城楼三重：闸楼、箭楼、正楼。正楼高32米，长40余米，为歇山顶式，四角翘起，三层重檐，底层有回廊环绕，古色古香，巍峨壮观。
城墙包括护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敌楼、女儿墙、垛口等军事设施。城墙四角各有角墙一座，城墙外有城壕。城墙上外侧筑有雉堞，又称垛墙，共5984个，上有垛口，可射箭和瞭望。内侧矮墙称为女墙，无垛口，以防兵士往来行走时跌下。城墙每隔120米修敌台一座，突出在城墙之外，顶与城墙面平。这是专为射杀爬城的敌人设置的。敌台之间距离的一半，恰好在弓箭的`有效射程之内，便于从侧面射杀攻城的敌人。城墙上共有敌台98座，上面都建有驻兵的敌楼。
最初的西安城墙用黄土分层夯打而成，最底层用土、石灰和糯米汁混合夯打，异常坚硬。后来又将整个城墙内外壁及顶部砌上青砖。城墙顶部每隔40-60米有一道用青砖砌成的水槽，用于排水，对西安古城墙的长期保护起了非常重要的作用。
古代武器落后，城门又是唯一的出入通道，所以这里是封建统治者苦心经营的防御重点。西安城墙四座城门分别有正楼、箭楼、闸楼三重城楼。闸楼在最外，其作用是升降吊桥，箭楼在中，正面和两侧设有方形窗口，供射箭用。正楼在最里，楼下是城的正门。箭楼与正楼之间用围墙连接，叫瓮城，是屯兵的地方。瓮城中还有通向城头的马道，缓上无台阶，便于战马上下。全城还建有马道11处。城墙四角都有突出城外的角台。除西南角是圆形，可能是保持唐皇城转角原状外，其它都是方形。角台上修有较敌台更为高大的角楼，表明了这里在战争中的重要地位。
西安城墙的防御性非常强，城外的护城河为第一道防线。河上设有吊桥，是进出的唯一通道。吊桥白天降落在护城河两岸，供人出入。晚上吊桥升在空中，就断绝了进城的道路。城门外有间楼（也叫谯楼），用以打更和报警，为第二道防线。闸楼后边是箭楼，高30余米，外面墙体笔直，箭孔密布，便于瞭望和射击，这是第三道防线。箭楼和正楼之间是瓮城，面积9348平方米，它的作用是：若敌人攻进此处，即形成“瓮中捉鳖”之势，这是第四道防线。第五道防线自然是正城门了。
除了城门设防严密外，另外城墙四个拐角的角台上还修有角楼，作用是辅助城门，观察和防御四面外来之敌。整个城墙外侧，每隔120米有一座马面（也叫敌台）。每个马面宽20米，从城墙向外伸出12米，高低、结构和城墙相同。西安城共有马面98座，垛口5984个，使城墙外侧成锯齿形。每个马面上建有可供驻守军队的卡房（也叫敌楼）3间。城墙和马面上有女儿墙，墙上有既能藏身又能瞭望、射击的凹口和方孔。
篇5：西安城墙导游词
位于西安市中心区，呈长方形，墙高12米，底宽18米，顶宽15米，东墙长2590米，西墙长2631.2米，南墙长3441.6米，北墙长3241米，总周长11.9公里。有城门四座：东长乐门，西安宁门，南永宁门，北安远门，每个城门都由箭楼和城楼构成。现存城墙建于明洪武七年到十一年（1374—1378），至今已有600多年汗青，是我国现存最完备的一座古代城垣构筑。
西安城墙是明朝出年在明太祖朱元璋的政策“高筑墙、广积粮、缓称王”的指导下，在唐皇城的基本上建成的。完全环绕“防止”计谋系统，城墙的厚度大于高度，稳定如山，墙顶可以跑车和训练。城墙包罗护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敌楼、女儿墙、垛口等一系列军事办法。城墙自建成后历经三次大的整修。明隆庆二年（1568年）陕西巡抚张祉主持修复使土城第一次酿成砖城；清乾隆四十六年（1781年）陕西巡抚毕源主持对城墙和城楼作了整修；自1983年以来，陕西省和西安市人民当局对这座古城墙举办了大局限修缮，补建已被拆毁的东门、北门箭楼、南门闸楼、吊桥，并建成环城公园，从而使这座古构筑抖擞了旧日风范，成为西安的一大旅游景观。
篇6：西安城墙导游词
起首我们旅行的是有壮阔气魄的明城墙。我们面前的城墙是明时的。明太祖朱元璋以为“如山河永固，非深沟高垒，内储外备，不能为安。”于是从明洪武三年（公元1370年）下诏修城开始动工，历时8年落成，是在隋唐首都的皇城基本上，向东、向北各扩建了4分之1上修筑而成的，形成了本日的城墙。此刻我们看到的城墙是一个对象长，南北短的长方形，周长13.79公里，面积11.5平方公里。是一个成果计划周密，形制雄伟的军事防止办法。下来我给各人别离将城墙各部门的构筑结构既城防浸染逐一作以先容：
起首我们望见的是护城河，也叫“城壕”，它是阻止仇人袭击的第一道防地。凌驾护城河上独一的通道就是我们面前的的吊桥。吊桥在已往由保卫城门士兵掌管，他们功用“晨钟暮鼓”的批示按时起落。一旦有战事光降，吊桥就被高高生起，整个都市就成为一个关闭的战斗碉堡。适才有伴侣问在哪里节制吊桥，这也就是我们下面要来旅行的城门，上面是闸楼，即节制吊桥起落之处。城门是防止办法相等重要的一个环节，那么此刻请各人跟从我进入城门，来相识城墙的其它一个构成部门。
究竟上完美的城门是由闸楼、箭楼、正楼构成。我们看到的最表面的就是有闸楼，它最首要的浸染就是节制吊桥的起落，而且也具有夜间打更的浸染。闸楼是两层悬山式布局，固然情势异常简捷，但有着举足轻重的浸染。这是都市的二道防地。
前面能看到的那座构筑是箭楼。箭楼共有箭窗66孔，形成了一个扇型的进攻面，士兵可凭窗高高在上杀伤仇人。
在闸楼与箭楼之间，形成的半月形的空间，我们叫做瓮城。它的浸染在于假如仇人攻入城门后，进入瓮城，这时会受到瓮城上4面高高在上的进攻，如同瓮中捉鳖。
我们所能望见扑面的构筑是正楼，正楼是城墙最里层的构筑。正楼构筑情势为重檐歇山式，是主将战时坐镇批示守城的批示所。
高峻的城门，城门是敌我两边征战的单薄环节，也是统治者苦心策划的防止重点。明代修筑城墙时，异常重视城门的防止成果。个中他们有一个很是大的技能打破，冲破了西汉开始相沿了1500年之久的“过梁式”城门，这种门最大的弱点是经不起火攻，以是就有了“城门失火，殃及迟鱼”的典故。明代城门回收的是券拱式的门洞，可以有用的抵制火攻，以是大大进步了城墙的防止手段。西安城墙门从上到下横箍着9道宽15厘米的铁条，上钉1800个蘑菇钉，增强了门扇的强度，使箭矢无法射入门中，从而增强了城门反抗袭击的手段。这是城墙的第三道防地。
我们可以见到城门上有永宁门几个字。在明西安城墙的'东、西、南、北面各有一座城门。南门曰永宁门，意思是南边是火神地址地，就是向火神祈祷，不起火警，永保平定。东门名长乐门，因明国都南京位于西安东面，“长乐”二字带有祈祝大明山河万年不衰，持久欢悦之愿望。西门为安宁门，体现西部边疆安泰康定。北门名安远门，意指北部边塞久远安宁，不起战乱。
此刻我们就登上城墙，来感觉他壮阔的气魄。城墙的最底层是用石灰、黄土、糯米汁搅拌夯打而成，干燥之后，坚固如石。汗青上对城墙曾多次维修，有两次最著名。第一次是在明隆庆二年（公元1568年），其时的陕西巡抚张祉在城墙底顶面和外壁都包砌了青砖，使整个城墙显得壮阔和宏伟。清乾隆年间，其时的陕西巡抚毕沅又对城墙举办了大局限的维修、加固，将包砖增厚，铺设海墁，并增修排水体系。城墙顶上的这个平面就是海墁，它是城上调兵谴将的通道，用三合土垫底，上面铺有两层城砖而成，即可便利于城上交通，又可防备雨水下渗。海墁从外向内有5度的倾斜面，可将雨水敏捷导入城内侧的排水槽，有用的掩护了墙体不被水浸泡，起到了掩护墙体的浸染。城墙每相隔40—60米一个有排水槽，它们为砖石布局，附贴在城墙内侧，从墙顶直达墙下，与沟渠相通。西安城墙之以是生涯至今，这套完备的排水体系起到了很大的浸染。
为了担保士兵及车马在城上行走安详，在墙顶内沿建有宇墙。为了了望利便，在外沿上又筑有垛墙。在垛墙的底部的方孔，又叫悬眼是士兵可向外窥察、射击的处所。
沿城墙外侧有向外突出的实心墩台叫做敌台，俗称马面。在城墙上共有98座。各敌台相距120米，这个间隔和已往的兵器是有相关的，120米的中点是60米，恰是弓箭、飞钩、滚木等兵器的有用射程，它的呈现使士兵作战视野坦荡，战术运用机动。一旦仇人攻城，会受到来自城墙和阁下敌台、敌楼三方面的射击。组成了一个立体交错火力网，大大的进步了城墙的战斗力和防止成果。
在城墙的四个转角处有角楼。值得一提的是，除西南角为圆形角台外，其余三个角台均为方形，为何只有这一角台为圆形的呢？明城墙是在唐长安城基本上向东北扩建三分之一而成的，它的西南角，正好是唐皇城的一个城角，因唐皇城城角为圆形，以是就维持了原状。
以上就是我带各人旅行的明代城墙，下面我们去相识一下其它的明代构筑，钟楼和鼓楼。钟和鼓是中国最早呈现的冲击乐器，两三千年前，钟和鼓是用来祭奠和宴享的礼器和乐器，到了汉代，尤其是五胡十六国和魏晋南北朝时期，钟和鼓被用做军旅批示的信号和军乐。到了唐代的就有了报时的成果，正如文人书生在诗中描写的“将则鸡人报晓时，尚疑方近翠云秋。“尚有“六街鼓绝行人歇，九曲茫茫空有月。”描画的就是人们闻钟声而起，闻鼓声而息的环境，这就是各人常说的“晨钟暮鼓”。钟楼和鼓楼上的钟和鼓都是明代，以是它们天然也都有报时的成果。钟楼和鼓楼建于明代，西安是明代的军事重镇，钟鼓楼无论从构筑特色、照旧艺术代价，都居于同类构筑之冠。
伴侣们，我们起首来钟楼。钟楼位于市中心东、西、南、北四条大街的交汇处，有“全国第一钟楼”之誉。要相识钟楼，就要从钟提及。真正钟楼上的钟是唐景云年间的“景云钟”，它是一口六吨重的铜钟。它是以钟乳来调理音律，声音嘹亮悠扬，中央人民广播电台的新年钟声即是原本悬挂在钟楼上“景云钟”钟声的灌音。其时钟楼的位置并不在此刻的处所，那么它在哪儿呢？钟楼最初的位置在鼓楼以西的“迎祥观”内，安史之乱时，“迎祥观”和钟楼毁于一旦。公元1384年，明朝当局从头建筑了一座钟楼，就是我们此刻看到的这座钟楼。跟着经济的成长，西安城不绝的扩建，钟楼就偏于城西，不在居于都市中心了。在这种环境下，公元1582年明当局就将钟楼迁徙至本日的位置。据碑文记实，“楼唯柱基外，一无改创”。也就是说，除了新筑楼基外，其他都是原件原样。各人可以想象一下，6万立方米的巨型构筑，要举办整体的拆迁复兴，没有高深的组织安装，没有精密的工程组织是很难实现的。以是这也是我们16世纪构筑史上一次划期间的创举。钟楼也因此越发晋升了它的艺术代价。各人转头看立柱上有一幅楹联，“钟号景云鸣彩凤，楼雄川口锁金鳌。”说的就是钟楼拆迁的一个神话传说，更给钟楼增加了隐秘色彩。
不外钟楼拆迁后，钟就敲不响了，许多人说是神物有灵，着实是钟房有题目。它中间高，附近下倾，重檐包围，好象给钟戴了个帽子，戴翁以呼，声音虽然不能传的很长远。后把钟就放到了屋外。最后以明成化年间所铸的一口铁钟代替，各人此刻看到的这口钟是连年复修的，原钟此刻保藏在西安碑林博物馆。虽然我们本日敲钟已不在是为了报时，而是为了祈福，企求我们的糊口安全快意，完满幸福。各人如有乐趣，不妨也敲几下。
好了伴侣们，让我们回过甚来浏览钟楼的构筑吧。钟楼高36米，别离由基座、楼身、楼顶三部门构成，四周正对四个偏向，开对象南北四个券洞。钟楼上下两层每一层都以“斗拱”作为装饰，它是中国古代木布局构筑上的一种特有的构件，一方面起到了装饰浸染，一方面它可以按照力学道理，形成力的匀称负荷，旅游宝典，“斗拱”用在屋檐下可以使屋顶的出檐加大，用在梁枋两头下面，则可以减小梁枋的跨度，加大梁枋的遭受力。同时“斗拱”的数目还可以表现出这种构筑的规格和品级来。钟楼回收的四角攒尖式，对角线修建，覆以琉璃瓦，屋角微微上翘，这种形制按文人的描写“如鸟思阁，如喙思飞”，就比如展翅翱翔的鸟。象钟楼这种出檐3层的，我们把它叫重檐三滴水，这种形制不单可以增进构筑的雅观，还能镌汰雨水顺而着落时对构筑的攻击力。
钟楼不单整体气魄恢弘，细部也异常精细。各人此刻看到的格子门，门扉上都有木刻浮雕，内容有声动悦耳的民间传说、回味无限的汗青故事，楼上楼下加起来共有64幅，如我们认识的“八仙过海、踏雪寻梅、永生殿盟誓”等。
相识完了钟楼，下面我们将要旅行的是与钟楼遥相呼应的鼓楼。
鼓楼间隔钟楼只有250米，它建于公元1380年，鼓楼要比钟楼大的多。鼓楼高34米，基座呈长方形，。此刻它的南北两面还各开高为6米的十字型券洞，一向到本日照旧友通要道。它的北面尚有闻名的小吃街。
鼓楼上曾用来报时的大鼓已不知去处，1996年西安市文物局投巨资建造了一面大鼓，就是我们各人此刻看到的着面“闻天鼓”。这面大鼓的鼓面是用整张牛皮蒙制的，声音深挚嘹亮，重棰之下，十里可闻，这面大鼓已经申报进入了天下基尼斯大全，以是本日来的伴侣们都很是的荣幸，由于各人看到了天下上最大的鼓。
鼓楼的南北两侧檐下，已往曾悬挂着两幅巨匾额，南面为“文武盛地”。文王、武王时期，全国僻静安泰、国富民强，声名白西安从古到今的发家郁勃。北面匾文“声闻于天”，典故是《诗经》中“鹤鸣九皋、声闻于天”。两幅巨匾如统一语道破，使鼓楼气愤盎然，为这座古构筑增加了不少色泽，遗憾的是这两块巨匾，在十年大难中已被破损，此刻的匾额凭证原有汗青资料规复的。
以上就是我们本日旅行的明城墙、钟鼓楼。这些构筑记录了西安沧海桑田的汗青，也铭记了西安民气中的悲怆与自满。他们作为汗青事业，就象陈年的老酒，使民气醉，让人回味。
★ 导游词英文
★ 唐山导游词英文
★ 昆明英文导游词
西安城墙英文导游词（精选6篇）
