英语趣味性教学论文

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篇1：英语语法教学的趣味性论文

英语语法教学的趣味性论文

[Abstract]Grammar, as a set of rules for choosing words and putting words together to make sense, plays a significant role in language teaching. It is difficult for students to speak English without learning English grammar. However, the traditional teaching methods are so boring that modern language teaching tends to neglect grammar. There have been more and more teaching theories and teaching methods at present. In this paper, some features and rules of grammar teaching have been generalized. Besides, several teaching modes have been introduced and discussed to make students more active in the class and to enhance communicative activities between the teacher and students, so as to make abstract grammar teaching more vivid and interesting.

[Key words]English grammar teaching; teaching methodology; delights

[摘 要]语法在英语教学中占有重要地位，没有语法规则的监控和修饰，学生很难成为地道的英语使用者。机械地沿用以教师为中心的传统方法进行教学使语法教学抽象枯燥。目前又出现了各种各样的教学理论和教学方法。本文总结了语法课堂教学的`特征和规则，提出了几种基本教学方法以便更好地发挥学生的主动性，增强师生间的交互式教学活动，使抽象的语法教学形象活泼。从而使语法教学更好地服务于英语教学的最终目的---培养学生的语言交际能力。

[关键词]英语语法教学；教学法；趣味性

1. Introduction

Grammar is a set of rules for choosing words and putting words together to make sense. Every language has a set of grammar rules. It has been held that if a language is a building, the words are the building bricks and the grammar is the architect’s plan. Without a plan, there would not be any building. However, with the growing popularity of the communicative language teaching approach, grammar is more and more neglected and grammar teaching is regarded as inherently “dull” or “old-fashioned”. Some teachers are even going to extremes by avoiding talking about grammar under the supposition that grammar teaching do no good to students’ communicative competence. As a consequence, the grammatical knowledge is not timely consolidated, internalized and converted into a practical ability. There are some problems in grammar teaching, which are generalized as “five emphases” and “five neglects”, [1] that is: emphasizing instilling knowledge while neglecting practicing skills; emphasizing explaining in detail while neglecting exercising; emphasizing written exercises while neglecting oral practices; emphasizing the analyses of grammar while neglecting the usage of grammar; emphasizing the mastery of rules while neglecting knowing examples. It is because of these problems and difficulties that grammar teaching is so boring for both teachers and students.

2. Features of English grammar teaching

There are some features of grammar teaching in the class which is worth noticing.[2]

2.1 Activeness and interest

Grammar teaching should fit the students’ age, the class situation, and the content of teaching materials.

1) Try to satisfy the students’ desire of success. For instance, according to different levels of the students, teachers can teach them to sing English songs, read some interesting stories to them or talk about children’s programs with them.

2) In termsof “3-s” which is surprise, suspension and satisfaction, teachers can advance some enlightening questions to satisfy the students’ curiosity and to arouse their interest.

3) Teaching methods should be of variety and flexible.

2.2 Practicality and communicativeness

Listening, speaking, reading and writing should be developed harmoniously.

1) Emphasize communicative usage, such as doing duty report, two minutes’ talk, free chat between students and the teacher, and so on.

2) Insist on elaborate explaining and doing more exercises, which requires the teacher to give two thirds to three fourths of the class time to do exercises that should be designed according to the difficulty gradation, and according to their purposes.

2.3 Consolidation and development

Try to avoid forgetting and try to consolidate the knowledge gradually. In other words, teaching materials should be arranged systematically and organizationally. The teacher should try to connect new knowledge with the old ones, increase repetition and enhance exercises to enhance positive transference and help students grasp knowledge and train their practical skill. In a word, such features make grammar teaching particular and important.

3. Principles of English grammar teaching

In order to teach grammar successfully, the following principles should be paid attention to and obeyed. The following principles should be showed in the class.[3]

3.1 Motivation principle

Motive is the assurance of all teaching activities, including grammar teaching. Nowadays, since more and more students are not interested in grammar, it is more and more significant to motivate students. There are six points altogether in this principle.

1) Choose the topic that suits the students’ age, cognition and language learning.

2) Create the proper situation, and try to offer some ocular objects, such as pictures and slides.

3) Make grammar exercises open ended in answers which allow students to talk freely and arouse their interest.

4) Form and meaning are combined. Meaning should be the core of exercises, which can be designed with an information gap to let students join in and get what they want to know.

5) Personality should be embodied fully, which help students to carry on the real exchange.

6) The activities should be more challenging and make students moderately nervous, thus students will get the joy of success.

3.2 Efficiency principle

It is made up of six points as well.

1) The aim of the grammar teaching activities should be clear.

2) Try to increase students’ participation in pair work or group work.

3) Make sure the efficiency of practices, which means to make sure students are able to use the new grammar rules properly and make them have a sense of success and satisfaction after the teacher correcting their faults.

4) Increase the kinds of activities. The variety of activities is the condiment of the studying and teaching. Sincethere are students of different levels, the activities in the class should be different.

5) Preparation before exercises requires that there must be presentation and explanation. After students have a clear idea about the taught grammar rule, they can enter into grammar practicing.

6) Class evaluation. There is a grammar test at the end of the class.

3.3 Variety principle

The vitality of teaching activities in the class lies in the changing of teaching activities. The teacher should create fertile activities in terms of students’ situation.

3.4 Majority principle

It shows that teaching should fit every student. So implicit teaching and dominant teaching, inductive method and deductive method, controlling, semi-controlling and communicative practice should be united.

3.5 Procedure principle

This tells that teaching should follow the procedure of presenting, explaining and developing, otherwise, its effect will be damaged.

3.6 Communicative principle

Language serves communication, and the real language ability is developed in the process of communicating. So communication should also be embodied in grammar teaching.

3.7 Diversity principle

Language ability is the basis of communicative ability. And learning grammar is not the aim but the way of learning language. Teaching does not mean just teaching grammar, neither does language learning.

In a word, with the new curricular reform, the aim of grammar teaching also changes. Grammar teaching is aimed to stress the marrow of grammar by nimble teaching designs, and to make grammar class alive through creating fertile situations, thus to help students transfer the isolated and scrap language points to apply language quickly. So the new or useful methodologies should fit the features, suit the principles and display the aim.

4. Methods of English grammar teaching

According to the differences of methods of introducing the structure, there are implicit ways, such as the inductive method, and explicit ways, such as the deductive method. According to the differences of teaching aims, there are communicative approach, situational method and task-based method, which are aimed at developing students’ communicative ability. And all these methods can be adopted to make grammar teaching vivid and interesting.

4.1 The inductive method

In the inductive method, the teacher induces students to realize grammar rules without any form of explicit explanation. It is believed that the rules will become evident if students are given enough appropriate examples.

For instance, the teacher wants to introduce comparative adjectives to a class of low-level students, she first shows a picture of a tall, thin girl labeled Mary, saying “Mary is tall”. She shows a second picture of an even taller, thinner girl labeled Ann, saying “Ann is tall”. The teacher then puts the two pictures side by side with each other and says: “Mary is tall and Ann is tall, too. But Annis taller than Mary”. The teacher can do the same for “thin” and introduce more pictures, or objects and adjectives: long, short, big, small and so on. After several examples, students will understand the structure of the comparative adjectives. The target sentence is “Ann is taller than Mary”. Then students produce more sentences using the pattern “X is …-er than Y”.[4] The teacher may check whether students have grasped the meaning of the structure by asking some conceptual questions, then give them further practices.

In order to present the two forms “this is” and “these are”, the teacher will first hold up a book, saying “This is a book.” He or She will do the same showing other objects. Then the teacher holds up several books and says “These are books.” After several similar examples, it is hoped students will understand “these are” is used with plural forms of nouns. Then students are invited to apply the newly learned structure to produce sentences with given visual aids or verbal prompts. The teacher tries to say nothing except to correct when necessary. Then the teacher may elicit the grammar rule from the students.[5]

4.2 The deductive method

The deductive method relies on reasoning, analyzing and comparing. In the deductive classroom, the teacher gives a grammatical explanation or rule first, and then ask them to use the rule to do a set of exercises in order to understand the grammatical point and help them master the language item. One possible way of delivering such a lesson is as follows:[6]

(a) Present the structure and explain the “rule” in a way that involves the students.

(b) Write up the language structure.

(c) Set up some activities so that the students can practice the language structure in a meaningful context. For example, the teacher may use a role play, a discussion or a piece of writing to consolidate the language structure.

When teaching the structure “used to do”, the teacher firstly presents it on the blackboard and explain its meaning and usage clearly. Then the teacher gives students some examples. After that, he or she invites students to do group work to make sentences using the structure. The group that makes the most examples will be the winner.

Besides when presenting the future tense, the teacher presents the word “will” and do the same as the above. Then he or she can ask students to do a piece of writing to check their understanding. The title may be “my dream”. And read some good writings to the class next day.

4.3 The combination of inductive method and deductive method

Among the methods for teaching grammar, the deductive method and the inductive method have been discussed and adopted most frequently. Obviously, the inductive method is more interesting. It is believed that the inductive method is more effective in which students discover the grammar rules themselves while engaged in language use. This is especially true with grammatical regularities which areeasily perceived, understood and applied. However, it is a good idea to combine both methods, which avoids the bad influences of the traditional infusing method and can motivate students.

Nowadays, the teacher combine the two methods more and more. He or She usually uses the inductive method firstly and then the deductive method, especially when teaching some more difficult grammar points. For example, when teaching the structure “If I were…, I would…”, the teacher may make sentences like this: “If I were a bird, I would be kept in a hutch.” “If I were a millionaire, I would go around the world.”… The more, the better. Then the teacher asks students to find out the similarities of the sentences and encourage them to guess its meaning or features. After that, the teacher can make further explanations on the basis of students’ understanding. And to check if they have grasped the structure, the teacher can invite students to do pair work. The students discuss with their partner and make a dialog. Finally, the teacher asks several pairs to act out and do some comments. Similarly, subjunctive mood can be taught in this way.

4.4 The communicative approach

Communicative approach, which is aimed at developing students’ practical communicative ability, emphasizes how to use the right communicative context in the process of language study, and holds that language study should meet the students’ needs of exchanging and transferring information in their real life and work. So the core of it is “using language to learn and learn to use language”.

In communicative class, students are considered as the main role. The teacher organizes all kinds of real and vivid activities to make teacher-student and student-student exchanges, then help students transfer the grammar knowledge into their skill of applying language.

When teaching the article, the teacher can draw a picture and ask students to describe the picture, on which there is a book on the table, there is a bed in the room, and so on. And the two pictures are of few differences. One of them can ask the following questions: Is there a girl in your picture? Or is there a mirror in it? Also, two students can have different information to exchange. One of them has a picture with “carrot, horse, rose, and tomato” and the other has another picture of “animal, flower, fruit and vegetable”. Then they exchange the information by asking and answering some questions. So they can make a dialogue like this:

A: What is a carrot?

B: It is a vegetable.[7]

Lastly, one student has a picture and he will ask his partner to set the things according to the picture. e.g. Put the pen on the book beside the bag. All these methods can motivate students, and also develop their communicative skills.

The grammar can also be learned and taught in the form of poems or songs. Because such poems or songs are always relaxing, lively and comfortable to read, and are easy to remember. Students can learn and master the pattern “have done” by reading the following songs:

The Beaches of Mexico

Have you ever seen the beaches of Mexico?

Have you ever walked the streets of San Juan?

Have you ever been to Haiti?

[……………………………]

I’ve sure been in pain.

I’ve sure been in love.

I’d do it all again. [8]

After introducing subjunctive mood, the teacher can offer a poem to help students understand the mood as follows:

If All Were One

If all the seas were one sea, what a great sea that would be!

If all the trees were one tree, what a great tree that would be!

If all the axes were one axe, what a great axe that would be!

If all the men were one man, what a great man that would be!

If the great man took the great axe, and cut down the great tree.

And let it fall into the great sea, what a great splash that would be!

It is believed that such kind of teaching would be effective because it would make the class lively and students excited.

Communicative approach requires that the teacher should connect grammar teaching with practice and communication consciously to offer an environment for students to use the grammar through listening, speaking, reading and writing. For example, after introducing the article, the teacher can not only design some blank-filling exercises but also organize the following paragraph:

Once there lived an old woman. She had a very beautiful cat. One day she lost her cat. She looked for it everywhere but couldn’t find it. She was very disappointed. One evening she saw a cat lying by the roadside almost dying. She was very happy and bought it home.[9]

Then the teacher asks students to read the paragraph quickly by themselves and answer the questions as follows:

1) Does the article tell us if the old woman found her own cat?

2) How do you know?

If the students want to understand the paragraph and answer the questions correctly, they must know the meaning of “a”. In this way, the students can master the usage of the article by reading the paragraph, and understand the whole paragraph by knowing the rule of using the article as well, which can help them grasp the usage of the article further.

So from what have been discussed, it is easily found that the communicative approach assumes that the purpose of language teaching is to manipulate the structures of the foreign language and how to use the grammar rules. While teaching grammar, the teacher should try to provide students with many opportunities to use the language for communicative purpose, develop students’ ability to participate in communication through language rather than their perfect mastery of individual structures. By adopting communicative approach, the classroom atmosphere is relaxing and lively. The teacher is no longer dominant but an organizer, helper and participant while students are no longer “ignorant audience” and passive learners, but actively involved in the class. They are not only learning the grammatical rules but also practicing their speaking, listening and reading, thus their communicative ability will be greatly improved.

4.5 The situational method

“Situation” is the occasion where the target language is practiced. The right situation can help students understand and apply language suitably. The teacher should utilize the real environment or create lifelike situation to teach grammar, which includes objects, real language surroundings, postures, non-language ways, multimedia, pictures, examples and so on.

It is believed that the classroom is the most economical and convenient “teaching tool”. There are students, a teacher, doors, windows, walls, blackboards, desks and lights, which have formed a special relationship to be used in grammatical class. For example, when teaching “both” and “neither”, the teacher can ask two boys to stand up and introduce them: This is Li Lei and this is Wang Tao. Li Lei is a boy and Wang Tao is a boy, too. They are both boys. / Both of them are boys. Li Lei isn’t a girl. Wang Tao isn’t a girl, either. Neither of them is a girl. The teacher can write down the sentences that include “both” and “neither” while he or she is introducing, then ask students to guess their meanings and explain them to the students. In this way, students will understand the grammar easily and the teacher will also reach his or her teaching goal quickly.

Some examples also can provide the needed situation. Some language phenomenon can not be explained clearly by native language. So the teacher can design the appropriate situation by some examples, which can help students to understand and digest the knowledge in the context. For instance, when explaining “on time” and “in time”, the teacher can give the following examples:

1) The plane to Guangzhou should leave at 2:30. It took off at 2:30. It took off on time.

2) We arrived home five minutes before the TV program. We arrived home in time to see the program.

These two sentences are clear and direct for students to understand their difference.

Sentences can make a proper situation, so can dialogues and stories. Firstly, let’s take a dialogue for example:

T: Did you go to see the new film “Broken Arrow” yesterday afternoon, S1?

S1: Yes, I saw the film with my classmates.

T: How did you like the film?

S1: Exciting, very exciting. All of us liked it very much.

T: I’m sorry I missed it. If I had had time, I would have gone with you.[10]

The teacher writes down the last sentence on the blackboard, which is a good idea to teach subjunctive mood. And students can accept and digest it easily and quickly, right?

Also, the teacher can organize an interesting story which shows the new grammar point. For instance, when introducing present participle, the teacher can tell the following story:

One cold morning in winter, when I was about to go to school, a smiling man with an ax on his shoulder stopped me, saying, “My pretty boy, has your father a grindstone?” “Yes, sir” said I. “You are a fine little fellow!” said the man, “Will you let me grind my ax?” Hearing the praise, I answered, “Oh, yes, the grindstone is in the big room…”

Pictures can also create the appropriate situation. Since different students have different imagination, students will have different pictures in their mind when the teacher is introducing some abstract grammar phenomenon, which will become the obstacle of language teaching. At this time, pictures, sketches, and diagrams can make abstract concepts concrete and make teaching and learning easy and interesting.

For example, when explaining “while, when and as”, the teacher asks help from the following sketches:

He came back.

She was working.

While (When) she was working, he came back.

He listens to the music.

She works

He often listens to the music as she works.

After teaching the past participle of irregular verbs, the teacher can use a chart as follows to generalize them, which will stimulate students’ ocular organ and be easily remembered.

AAA type ABB type ABA type

cut cut cut sit sat sat come came come

put put put spend spent spent Become became become

To distinguish “have been to” from “have gone to”, the teacher can also use a diagram to make teaching lively and easy.

(1) She has been to Guangxi.

Beijing Guangxi

She is here

(2) She has gone to Guangxi.

Beijing Guangxi

She is here. or she is here.[11]

They are so clear that students can easily understand and remember them.

Simple pictures on the blackboard or on paper are always welcome in the class. For instance, when teaching comparative adjectives, the teacher can also use simple pictures. He or she can draw three persons of different height on the blackboard with yellow, green and red chalks, then name them Tom, Jack, and Mark respectively and introduce, “Tom is tall. Jack is taller than Tom. Mark is taller than Jack. He is the tallest of all”, then repeat them and underline the comparative adjectives to arouse students’ attention. Similarly, the teacher can draw three pencils and use the adjective “long” to describe them. Besides, there are still many other simple pictures that can be adopted to teach comparative adjectives.

When practicing the pattern “be + doing”, the teacher can show the picture of a woman jumping but covering up most of it with another card then ask, “what is she doing?”

Student A: She is walking.

The teacher: Is she walking?

Student B: She is running.

The teacher move down the card so that more can be seen and ask, “Is she running?”

Student C: No, she isn’t, she is jumping![12]

Such an activity not only practices the structure but also develop students’ communicative skill.

If the teacher wants to distinguish “say” from “tell” to the students, he or she can draw a person on the blackboard and writedown “say” beside it. Similarly, the teacher can draw two persons and write “tell” down between them. That is, “say” is an individual action while “tell” usually happens between two persons. Therefore, students can remember their difference firmly for long.

All in all, there are so many things that can create the proper situation. Students will learn and digest the grammar rules if they are placed in a right situation. There are seldom real surroundings for teaching and learning the target language, but lifelike surroundings can be created, where students will feel relaxed and happy in the class. Thus the grammar teaching will be more interesting and effective.

4.6 The task-based method

The task-based teaching methodology is recommended as an effective teaching method by English Curriculum Standards for Secondary Schools, an official document of ELT for Secondary Schools by the Ministry of Education of China. Nunan explains the instructional roles of a task with particular reference to language development. “A piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending, manipulating, producing in the target language while their attention is principally focused on the meaning rather than form.”[13]

By the way, pair work and group work are the most common activities in the task-based method. As Hammer says, “pair work allows students to use language and also encourages students’ cooperation which is itself important for the atmosphere of the class and for the motivation it gives to learning with others.”[14] For example, after teaching the pattern “be made of”, the teacher can ask students to do pair work to make a dialogue using the main structure and imitating the dialogue in the text. Thus students will involve in it. They must think about it and discuss with their partners. When they finally finish it, they also practice their speaking at the same time. This way is better than just doing some grammatical exercises.

Compared with pair work, group work seems to be more attractive in a grammatical class. Students in groups could have more persons to discuss with and more talking time, also there could be more ideas and thoughts. It will be exciting, lively and dynamic if the teacher gives a well-designed task. Hammer suggests: “Students will be teaching and learning in the group exhibiting a degree of self-reliance that simply is not possible when the teacher is acting as a controller.”[15]

After introducing the attributive clause, the teacher can ask students to do group work. Generally speaking, there are three to four students in one group. The task is to guess who he or she is or what it is. Firstly, the teacher leads the way, and he or she describes a person or an object. Then the students respond. They will do like this:

T: She is a girl who got three gold medals in the last sports meet.

S1: Wu Yan.

T: Right, now another one, it is a book that can tell you the meaning of new words when you study English.

S2: A dictionary. [16]

Every group tries to think about more sentences and anybody in any group gives the correct answer will acquire a mark. Finally, the group that gets the most marks will be the winner and rewarded. Using this method, students will be motivated, excited, active to take part in it and try their best to gain marks for their group. What’s more, the grammar will be digested subconsciously and gradually.

It is clear that task-based teaching methodology is a useful method. In the process of such activities, the teacher should be lenient and kind to students when they make some mistakes, otherwise, students will lose heart. However, if the mistakes are serious, the teacher can correct them ingeniously and tactfully. If not, then the teacher can ask, “What did he or she say?” and make other students help him or her. In a word, students should be encouraged in the class. Making students confident and relaxed is more important, which is the basis of teaching them knowledge or instructing them.

5. The variety of activities in the class

In the grammatical class, the teacher can also adopt different activities to arouse students’ interest. In other words, the variety of activities in the class is necessary and significant to make grammar teaching vivid and interesting.

5.1 The experimentally demonstrating activity

The experimentally demonstrating activity is also an attractive activity. Students are usually so interested in doing experiments. So some easy and practical experiments in the class must be welcome. For instance, when explaining the difference between present participles and past participles, the teacher can demonstrate the process of boiling water to boiled water. When the water is boiling, the teacher shows it to students. When the temperature changes, the teacher drinks the boiled water and tells students that is boiled water.[17] In such vivid and relaxing atmosphere, students can grasp the difference and the usage subconsciously.

5.2 The movement demonstrating activity

The teacher can also teach grammar by their own movement. For example, when teaching the pattern “be + doing”, the teacher can perform and let students guess. When he performs running, students say, “You are running.” Also, the teacher can ask some student to perform in front of the classroom. Such a way is proved to attract students easily. There are also many other grammar structures that can be taught in this way.

5.3 Using games

It is believed that most students love playing, so using games must be a wonderful idea, and it is worth putting into practice in a grammatical class. When in a game, students have to take individual responsibility for what they think the grammar is about, the teacher is free to find out what students actually know without being the focus of students’ attention and everybody is working at once. With more students’ talk and less the teacher’ talk, the atmosphere in the classroom is relaxing and lively. Students produce free and natural language without teacher’s intervention. Games can be used before presenting a given structure area to find out how much knowledge of the area is already disjointedly present in the group or after a grammar presentation to see how much the group have grasped or as revision of a grammar area. When to use games mainly depends on classroom atmosphere and the topic to be dealt with. For example, after introducing the unreal conditional clauses and having students deduce the rules from the example sentences, the teacher may ask students to play a game called “chain of Events”.

The teacher gives students one “if-clause”: If I went to live in another country…. Then student A completes the sentence by saying: If I went to live in another country, I would live in France.

Student B takes the second part of A’s sentence and reforms it into an if-clause and suggest a further result:B: If I lived in France, I would visit the Louvre.

Then next students carry on such a game in the same way: If I visited the Louvre, I would take a lot of photos. … [18]

The game continues until every student has a chance to speak and practice. Some other games include: coffee-potting, I spy, if it happened, ect.. And these games have proved to be wonderful in a grammatical class.

5.4 Cultural penetration

“Cultural penetration” is another activity that can attract the students’ attention, which means that the cultural knowledge is penetrated in the process of teaching language to make sure it is carried out smoothly. [19] Such a method can also improve grammar teaching. For example, when teaching form subject and form object “it”, the teacher can tell students that the English and Americans attach importance to their formal thoughts, which is different from our Chinese. When introducing the simple past tense, the teacher can use the background of WWI or WWII as the teaching material. With this method, students not only learn something about the wars but also understand the usage of the past tense. So, if students can learn some culture of the target language, grammar teaching will be more effective and interesting than expected.

6. Conclusion

Grammar plays an important role in language learning and teaching. “Grammar teaching holds its own position in foreign language teaching. Whether the effects of grammar teaching are good or bad will affect the whole language teaching.”[20] The significance of grammar teaching is not contradictory to the curricular reform which does not negate grammar teaching but requires teachers to change their ideas to give students more time to practice language and enliven grammar teaching to serve the communicative teaching. In the class, students are regarded as the main role, and the teacher is an organizer, participant, controller, and so on.

So the traditional methods should be reformed, and the communicative approach, situational teaching method, task-based method, etc. should beadopted to improve students’ language ability. Besides, diagrams, pictures, games, objects, and so on, should be enough in classroom teaching to motivate students. In a word, the variety of teaching aids and teaching methods in a class will stimulate the students’ curiosity to make grammar teaching more effective and more interesting.

References

[1]胡春洞. 当代英语教学实用模式（上）[M]. 北京：清华大学出版社，2002，P29-42

[2]同[1] P147-151

[3]王笃勤. 英语教学策略论[M]. 北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002，P163-166

[4]宋慧文. 如何让英语语法教学生动活泼[J]. 内蒙古电大学刊，2002，4，P49

[5]王 蔷. 英语教学法教程[M]. 北京：高等教育出版社，2000， P63

[6]同[5] P62-63

[7]洪 梅. 交际性英语语法教学初探[J]. 商丘职业技术学院学报，2005，4， P42

[8]阎春梅. 英语语法教学的交际化[J]. 湖北大学成人教育学院学报，1999，4， P53

[9]同[1] P31

[10]马福康. 关于当前中学英语语法教学[J]. 外语界，1998,1，P48

[11]贾冠杰. 外语教育心理学[M]. 南宁：广西教育出版社（第2版），2003，P83-84

[12]Andrew Wright. Pictures for Language Learning[M]. 天津:南开大学出版,2003，P21

[13]张庆宗. 英语教学法[M]. 长沙：湖南人民出版社，2004，P243

[14]曾宪红. Improving Grammar Teaching In Chinese EFL Class[J].郴州师专学报,1994，1，P15

[15]同[14] P15

[16]麻昌全. 运用任务设计教学定语从句[J]. 中学外语教与学，2005，5，P37

[17]同[14] P15-16

[18]沈 瑛. 新课程中语法教学的定位及其策略[J]. 中小学外语教学， 2004，8，P3

[19]胡文仲, 高一虹. 外语教学与文化[M]. 湖南：湖南教育出版社，2003,P20

[20]H. H. Stern. Issues and Options in Language Teaching[M].上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999，P127-128

篇2：趣味性教学初中物理论文

趣味性教学初中物理论文

一、提高教学感染力，增强初中物理教学的趣味性

在物理教学过程中，教师应该在课堂上积极开展实验教学，这样能够有效地调动学生对于物理的学习趣味性。对于初中生来说，他们都受到了传统枯燥教学模式的影响，学生对于口述的教学形式完全失去了兴趣，对于物理实验教学仍存在着很多的好奇心和新鲜感。因此，在物理教学过程中教师可以积极开展物理实验教学，这样才能够增强课堂教学的吸引力，提高物理课堂教学趣味性。例如，在课堂教学开始的时候，教师可以先进行一个物理小实验，这样利用实验的吸引力来增加学生的关注度，然后教师再增加课堂知识的引入，通过这样的课堂知识导入不仅能够吸引学生的目光，使学生积极地投入到学习中去，同时还会使学生对物理充满兴趣，让学生对物理充满好奇，有利于学习效率的提高。然而，在传统的教学过程中教师也会偶尔进行物理实验，但是这些实验都是进行验证形式的实验，教师应该将实验变成探索性的教学，这样对于学生来说更加有吸引力，还能够体现实验的不确定性，使学生在实验过程中能够积极思考和探索，自己寻找问题的答案，从而有利于学生探究性的培养。同时，教师还应该给学生自己动手实验的机会和空间。在传统的实验过程中都是教师进行操作，学生在旁边观看。通过让学生自己动手实验能够让学生自己体会实验的真实性，让学生更加了解物理的实验实质，这样不仅能够提高学生的学习兴趣，还能够增强学生的动手操作能力，提高学生的个性化。

二、充分发掘教材的趣味性，提高物理教材对学生的吸引力

1.利用物理历史趣闻，提高学生学习的趣味性

在初中物理教学过程中，教师应该善于发掘教材，教师可以在教材中增加故事的因素，这样能够让学生对于教材更加具有兴趣和依赖感，从而提高教学效率。对于初中生来说他们对于一些比较情节化的内容都比较有吸引力，将其与教材结合不仅能够迎合学生的思维，还能够充分调动学生的物理学习热情，提高对教材的关注度。教师利用物理历史趣闻进行教学,就是在教学过程中植入一些名人趣事或者是与教材内容相关的物理故事，通过故事的导入引出教学内容,提高兴趣,还可以教育学生向那些著名的物理学家学习，渗透敢于创新、求真务实的精神，从而增加学生对于物理的学习决心，认真对待物理的`学习。

2.巧妙运用多媒体，提高物理教学的趣味性

在传统的物理教学过程中，教师都是进行满堂灌的教学模式，教师在课堂上进行口述教学，学生在下面被动地听课，这样的教学使学生和教师之间缺少互动，教学课堂死气沉沉。学生在面对这样的物理课堂时不仅难以产生兴趣，还会使学生对于物理课程的学习产生厌倦情绪，甚至出现抵触学习的心理。因此，在初中物理教学过程中教师应该改变传统的教学模式，在课堂上引入多媒体教学，通过多媒体将物理知识以趣味性的图片、文字或者是动画的形式展示给学生，这样不仅能够使学生的物理学习兴趣迸发出来，还会给教师的教学减轻压力。对于初中生来说，他们正处于青春时期，这个时期的学生叛逆心理特别强，如果教师的讲课方式枯燥无味,缺少创新，学生就会对这样的教学课堂产生反感的情绪。因此，在新课程理念下教师更应该注重学生物理兴趣的培养，提高教学效率，从而培养新一代的高质量人才。

篇3：小学体育趣味性教学论文

一、趣味性教学在小学体育中的作用

在小学体育教学过程中，趣味性教学起着关键性作用。因此，教师要坚持以学生为中心，构建轻松、活泼的课堂氛围，拉近教师与小学生之间的距离。在小学体育教学中还要应用游戏教学，促使教师与小学生构建起“朋友”关系。同时在游戏中，教师要及时与小学生进行交流，将教育与聊天充分结合起来，认真倾听小学生的想法，促使学生的语言表达能力得以提高。

此外，在游戏教学过程中，教师要采取鼓励为主的教育方式，及时表扬在游戏中表现良好的小学生，纠正学生的不良行为。这种教学方式能让小学生放下对老师的防备心，在老师面前将内心的真实想法表现出来，从而让小学生越来越喜欢体育课。体育教师在创设游戏环境的时候，要从小学生的实际需要、兴趣以及智能差异出发，将教育与智能充分结合起来，让小学生自由地表达自己的想法，充分挖掘每一位学生的潜能。

其一，在游戏教学过程中，教师要抓住小学生活泼、好动的特点，根据这些特点，为其安排不同的学习项目。

其二，教师要扮演好自己的角色，既要扮演环境设计者，又要扮演小学生学习的观察者。教师要将学生在游戏中的表现以及发展记录下来，观察小学生的创造能力，便于为小学生的发展提供更多真实的参考依据。

近年来，家长越来越重视孩子的教育，他们希望自己的孩子起步高于其他孩子，因此有的孩子从一年级开始，家长就让其上各种辅导班，不断提升孩子的各种文化素养及能力，丰富孩子的才艺。小学生玩耍的时间变得非常有限，他们不得不将更多时间花费在做作业、上辅导班上，长此以往，过重的学习负担压着小学生，使他们根本没有时间去锻炼身体。面对这种情况，小学体育教师要带领学生上一些室外的体育课，真正释放小学生的天性。趣味性教学最主要的目的就是激发学生学习体育的兴趣，让学生养成锻炼身体的好习惯，从而为小学生日后的学习和生活奠定坚实的基础。

二、趣味性教学在小学体育中的.应用

(一)创造良好的学习环境，激发学生的求知欲望

在小学体育教学过程中，教师要对自身的教学方法作出调整，为学生创造良好的学习环境。学习完相关的知识之后，教师要为学生留出足够多的时间来进行练习。在练习过程中，教师要将兴趣相同的学生分在一组，让他们一起完成练习，这样做可以避免兴趣不相同的学生在练习过程中发生争执。在小学体育教学中，教师让学生自由活动的时候，必须以小学生的安全为前提。由于部分小学生比较调皮，有时一个动作便会伤害到其他学生，体育教师要特别留意他们，避免在课堂上发生危险。

(二)创设合适的教学情境，激发学生的学习兴趣

创设教学情境包括创设故事教学情境、创设游戏教学情境等。教师要根据教学内容创设合适的教学情境，如创设游戏教学情境，让学生在游戏过程中掌握本节课的知识。但是，小学生有时不会按照老师的预设来完成游戏，小学生在游戏过程中会出现不同的生成，此时，教师就要及时捕捉小学生的游戏生成，创造新的教育机会，让小学生在愉快的游戏中学习到相关的知识。

比如，当老师训练学生短跑的时候，如果仅仅让学生简单、重复地练习跑步动作，就会使学生的积极性降低。面对这样的情况，教师要创设相应的游戏情境，比如组织小学生玩丢手绢的游戏，教师要求丢手绢的同学要边跑边做鬼脸，通过这样的游戏，学生学习的积极性提高了，也促使他们在游戏的过程中练习了跑步。因此，在小学体育教学中，教师要组织丰富多样的游戏，让学生感受到体育课的趣味性，使体育课堂教学更高效。

(三)开展竞赛活动，培养学生的合作和竞争意识

小学生具有多动、好胜心强的特点。因此，在教学过程中，教师要适当引入竞赛活动，促使体育课堂的教学质量得以提高，并培养学生的竞争意识与合作意识。在小学体育课堂中，教师通过开展一系列竞赛活动，不仅营造了活泼、生动的课堂氛围，还促使小学体育课堂教学的质量得以提高。同时，在竞赛活动中，可以让学生真正体会到体育精神，培养学生克服困难的勇气。

在设计竞赛活动的时候，教师要充分考虑到小学生的心理特点以及年龄特点，据此来安排合适的竞赛活动项目。如果教师设计的竞赛活动不够合理，就不利于调动学生参加竞赛的积极性;如果教师设计的竞赛活动较为合理，那么每一位学生都会积极参与到此次竞赛中。因此，在小学体育教学过程中，教师要合理设计竞赛活动，增加小学体育课堂的趣味性。比如，当老师讲解完“长跑”这一教学内容后，为了让学生在训练过程中真正掌握长跑的技巧，教师要将学生分成几个小组，让他们完成接力比赛，看看哪个小组最先到达终点。通过设计这样的竞赛活动，既让学生巩固了相关的知识，又激发了他们训练的兴趣，从而促使小学体育课堂的教学质量得以提高。

三、总结

总而言之，随着新课程改革的不断推进，越来越多的人开始关注体育教育。在不断的探究过程中，我们发现，在小学体育教学中，趣味性教学具有非常重要的作用。所以教师要尽量在小学体育教学中开展趣味性教学，坚持以小学生为中心，充分发挥小学生的主观能动性和积极性，让小学生在轻松的氛围下学习体育，最终使小学体育课堂的教学质量得以提高。

篇4：趣味性英语脑筋急转弯

1. Why are politicians no longer concerned with snowball fights?

政客们为什么不再关注打雪仗了?

2. Why are dogs afraid to sunbathe?狗为什么害怕日光浴?

3. Why is the pig always eating?猪为什么没完没了地吃?

4. Why are giraffes the cheapest to feed?为什么养长颈鹿最不花钱?

5. Why dont women get bald as soon as men?为什么总是男人比女人先秃头?

6. What can pierce ones ears without a hole?什么不用打洞就可以在耳朵上穿孔?

7. Whats the longest word in the world?世界上最长的单词是什么?

8. Why does time fly?时间为何飞逝?

9. Where can a dog get another tail?狗去哪里可以再弄到一条尾巴?

10. Will it rain for several days continuously? 会不会连续几天阴雨连绵?

11. Who can raise things without lifting them? 什么人不用举就能把东西抬起来?

12. What did the king cloud say to the rest of the clouds?云中之王对芸芸众生说什么?

13. Who is married to the First Lady? 第一夫人嫁给了谁?

14. What does the man who just had his face shaved resemble?刚刚修过胡须的男人像什么?

15. Why did the farmer take his chicken to task? 农夫为什么训斥小鸡?

16. How do we know the ocean is friendly? 人们如何知道海洋是友好的呢?

17. How did the hangman get married? 绞刑吏是怎么结婚的?

18. Why did little Tom put his brother's guitar in the refrigerator?小汤姆为什么把他哥哥的吉他放在冰箱里?

19. Why is the inside of everything so mysterious?为什么说凡事内部都神秘莫测?

20. Why is a coward like a leaky faucet? 为什么说胆小鬼和漏水的笼头一样?

21. Why should we never ask balloons for advice?为什么我们绝不向汽球征求意见?

22. What band can't play music? 什么乐队不会演奏音乐?

Keys:

1. The cold war is over冷战结束了。

2. They dont want to be hot-dog因为它们不想成为热狗。

3. Hes making a hog of himself它想成为一只肉猪。

4. They make a little food go a long way因为它们脖子长，一点点食物都要走很长的路才能咽下去。

5. Because women wear hire longer因为女人头发留得长。

6. Noice噪音。

7. Smiles Because theres a mile between the letter s微笑。因为两个字母S中间隔了一里。

8. To get away from all those who are trying to kill it为的是甩掉所有要谋杀它的人。

9. At a retail store在零售商店。

10. Never， because there're nights in between永远不会，因为白昼之间有黑夜隔开。

11. Farmers 农民。

12. “I'm the one who should rain here” “我要在这里降雨。”

13. Adam 是亚当。

14. A bear 像熊。

15. Because they use foul language 因为它们说脏话。

16. It waves 它总是招手致意。

17. He tied a knot 他打了一个结。

18. Because he enjoyed cool music 因为他爱听美妙的音乐。

19. Because you can never make them out 因为你永远也不能弄懂它们。

20. They both run 因为它们都会溜走。

21. They are full of hot air 因为它们里面全是热空气。

22.Rubber band 橡皮筋。

篇5：趣味性英语脑筋急转弯

1.What letter is an animal?

什么字母是一种动物?B(BEE蜜蜂)

2.What letter is a vegetable?

什么字母是一种蔬菜?P(PEA豌豆)

3.What letter is a question?

什么字母是一个问题?Y(WHY)

4.What letter is your eye?

什么字母是你的眼睛?I(EYE)

5.What letter stands for the ocean?

什么字母代表海洋?C (SEA海洋)

6.What two letters mean “all right”?

OK

7.Can you end a game of hide-and-seek(捉迷藏) with three letters?

icu(I see you.我看见你了)

8.What letter do most people fear most?

大多数人最害怕什么字母?

The letter E， because it’s the end of life.(是字母E，因为它是“life”这个单词末

尾的字母。“It’s the end of life.”另一种理解是：它是生命的结束。)

9.What two words contain thousands of letters?

哪两个单词包含了所有的字母?

Post Office. 邮局。( letter n.信件;字母)

10.What letter can sleep?

哪个字母可以睡觉?

Z可以睡觉。因为在美语中，ZZZ...是睡觉的意思。Get some Z’s.就是打会儿盹的意思。所以，Z可以睡觉。

11.What letter can drink?

哪个字母可以喝?

T可以喝。因为Tea茶可以喝。T和Tea读音一样，所以T可以喝。

12.What letter is the most diligent?

哪个字母最勤劳?

B最勤劳。因为Bee蜜蜂是最勤劳的象征嘛。

13.What letter is the most surprising?

哪个字母最惊讶?

O最惊讶。因为Oh哦是惊叹词。

14. What letter has two “you”?

哪个字母是两个你?

W是两个你。因为W[’d^bleju:]，[d^ble]double是两个、双倍的意思，[ju:]you是你的意思。所以，W是两个你。

15.What letter is most precious for a deaf old lady?

什么字母对于耳背的老太尤其珍贵?

The letter “A”,for it makes her hear.(是字母A，因为它使老太耳聪)

篇6：趣味性英语脑筋急转弯

1.What makes naughty boys long to work in a clock factory? (淘气的男孩为什么想去钟表厂工作?)——They want to make faces (make face 做鬼脸，做钟表面)

2.What bird lifts heavy things? (什么鸟能举起重物?)——Crane (鹤。Crane鹤，举重机)

3.What will you break once you say it? (什么东西一说出来就打破?) —— Silence (沉默)

4.Will liars be honest after they die? (骗子死了之后会诚实吗?)——No, they won’t They lie still after they die。(不会，他们依旧撒谎。Lie still 躺着不动，依旧撒谎。)

5.What always goes up and never goes down? (什么东西只升不降?)——Your age (你的年龄)

6.Why is the library the highest building?(为什么图书馆是最高的建筑物?)——It has the most stories (它的楼层最多。Story 故事，楼层)

7.What is the smallest bridge in the world? (世界上最小的桥梁是什么?)——The bridge of a nose (鼻梁)

8.A ship can contain only fifty persons Now there is alreadyforty-nine person in it At this time,a pregnant woman comes on andboards the ship The shipsinks Why? (有一艘船只能容纳人，现在已有人。这时一位孕妇上了船，船就沉了。为什么?)——Because is a pigboat (那是潜水艇。pigboat，潜水艇)

9.What's the poorest bank in the world? (世界的最贫穷的银行是什么?)——The river bank。(河岸。)

10.What month do soldiers hate?(军人憎恨什么月?)——March。(行军。)

11.What is the difference between the North Pole and the South Pole? (北极与南极的区别是什么?)——A whole world (整个世界。 a world of difference 天壤之别)

12.Why did the boy make his dog sit in the sun? (男孩为什么让他的狗坐在阳光下?)——He wants to have a hot dog (他想要一条热狗。)

13.Why can a bride hide nothing?(为什么新娘子什么也藏不住?)——Because someone will give her away (因为有人会揭发她。Give away 揭发，在婚礼上把新娘交给新郎)

14.What large instrument do you carry in your ears? ——Drums, that is eardrums(鼓膜)

15.What's too much for one, just right for two, but nothing at all for three?——A secret

16.What person tried to make you smile most of the time?——A photographer

17.What animal has a head like a cat, eyes like a cat, a tail like a cat, but isn't a cat?——A kitten(小猫)

18.What surprising things happen every hours?——Day breaks, but doesn't fall; night falls, but doesn't break

19.What can hear you without ears and can answer you without a mouth?——An echo(回声)

20.What do you know about the kings of France?——They are all dead

篇7：浅谈趣味性识字教学

浅谈趣味性识字教学

针对小学生天真活泼、好唱好跳、思维活跃的年龄特征,教师应该不失时机地利用儿童智力发展钓最佳时期,积极挖掘教材本身所蕴涵的创新因素,把快乐引进课堂,让学生通过积极参与,深切感受到有趣游戏的'快乐、思维创新的快乐、获得成功的快乐.在教学实践中,为让学生能在短期内识记大量生字,扫清认读障碍,提前阅读写作,更为了让学生“人生识字聪明始”,笔者借鉴和创造了许多创新识字的方法,力争营造出一种自主、协作、创新的新型课堂教学情境,寓教于乐.现将笔者在创新识字教学方面的几点做法总结如下.

作 者：张艳  作者单位：江苏省徐州市星源小学 刊 名：中国教育技术装备 英文刊名：CHINA EDUCATIONAL TECHNIQUE & EQUIPMENT 年，卷(期)：2009 “”(7) 分类号：G63 关键词： 

篇8：趣味性小学体育教学的论文

关于趣味性小学体育教学的论文

一、小学体育教学实现趣味性的策略方法

针对小学体育教学中存在的各种问题，需采用趣味性体育教学，调动学生的兴趣。所谓趣味性教学，是指体育教学内容与形式要活泼、有趣，既能调动小学生主动参与，又能较好地配合教师完成教学工作。具体的趣味性体育教学方法有游戏法、合作学习法、比赛教学法等，目的在于活跃课堂气氛，提高小学生的身体素质。要想提升体育教学水平，教师必须要注意创设良好的教学氛围，为师生之间的交流提供良好的保障。小学生正处于好奇心比较强的阶段，教师在创设教学氛围时，可以朝着快乐教学的方向发展。教师要注意充分尊重学生，与学生形成良好的师生关系，经常表扬鼓励学生，让学生喜欢上体育课。比如在课前的时候，可以组织学生讲一两个与体育学科有关的笑话，或是玩一两个智力游戏等，借以活跃课堂教学气氛，让学生完全进入快乐学习的氛围中。总之，在教学活动开始前，教师一定要注意创设良好的课堂教学氛围。

（一）游戏教学法

鲁迅曾说：“游戏是儿童最正当的行为。”这也是儿童的天性使然。游戏化的教学方法既能活跃气氛，调动学生的参与积极性，又能培养学生的.灵敏性、协调性和团队合作意识。在体育教学中，采用游戏的方式，让学生更易接受，也是体育教学中不可缺少的。以“渡河”游戏为例：首先，在操场上画两条距离大约为15米的平行线，中间为河道，在河道内分别放八个厚度为十厘米的海绵垫，作为“石块”（两组圆圈的位置、距离、大小相似）；其次，教师进行游戏示范，告诉学生“渡河”的游戏规则；再次，把班级学生平均分成人数相等的两支队伍，然后每支队伍分成两组，排成纵队分别站在平行线的两端，教师发令。学生听到发令后，游戏开始。一端第一个学生开始在石头间跳跃，跳到对岸后和第一个拍手，让对岸第一个跳回，依次跳动，在规定时间内，先过河，用时短的队伍为胜利者。游戏的要求是：跳跃时必须跳在海绵圈内，否则要重跳；下一人当被拍手后，方可跳跃。“渡河”这个游戏，有效地培养了学生的合作精神。

（二）比赛教学法

学生喜欢合作，也喜欢竞争，有竞争就有压力。在压力的驱动下，更能激发学生内心的动力和潜能。体育教学中，比赛教学法比较常用，能很快活跃气氛，使小学生用积极乐观的态度对待体育运动，发现体育的魅力，进而起到锻炼身体的作用。例如，以跳绳教学为例，教师可以教学生双脚跳、单脚跳、单脚交替跳后，举行花样跳绳表演及跳绳接力比赛。首先，教师把跳绳的技巧教给学生后，让学生课后练习，学生掌握好技巧后，举行跳绳比赛。如果是单跳，就比谁跳得多；如果是花样跳绳，就把全班学生分成几个小组，小组内分配好任务，有的摇绳，有的负责跳，但要在规定的时间内完成，假如不能按时完成或者中间出现错误就会被淘汰。其他小组啦啦队呐喊加油，这种体育竞技活动，使运动与比赛有机融合，让小学生在比赛中找到快乐和自信。

二、结语

总之，传统的小学体育教学模式已不能完全适应教育教学改革的需要，小学体育教学必须进行改革，采用新的教学法，激发学生的兴趣，提高学生的身体素质。趣味性体育教学法是依据小学生的身心发展特点和规律形成和发展起来的，深受中小学生的喜爱。体育教学不仅能传授基本的知识和技能，加强师生间的互动，更有助于培养学生的身体素质，让学生有一个强健的体魄来学习、生活，促使其德智体美劳素质全面发展，为我国的社会主义建设奠定坚实的基础。

篇9：小学语文教学趣味性思考论文

小学语文教学趣味性思考论文

【摘要】趣味性是衡量课堂教学质量的一个重要指标，一堂妙趣横生的课程能吸引学生进入课堂预设的场景，激发学生学习兴趣，活跃课堂教育气氛，有效实现教与学的融合，提升课堂教学效果。本文基于交互式电子白板强大的呈现方式、灵活的互动功能，分析利用交互式电子白板提升课堂教学趣味性的策略及效果。

【关键词】电子白板；课堂教学；趣味性

一、问题的提出

“兴趣是最好的教师”，课堂教学如果能够有效激发学生学习的兴趣和求知的欲望，那教学的目的就基本达成。如何激发学生的学习兴趣和求知的欲望是课堂教学的关键环节，而课堂教学的趣味性则是这关键环节中很重要的一环。交互式电子白板作为一种先进的教学工具，在课堂教学应用的不断深入，其强大的呈现方式、灵活的互动功能对于提升课堂教学趣味性的作用也渐渐彰显出来，精彩演绎了动静结合、妙趣横生的课堂，激发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了课堂学习效率[1]。本文结合交互式电子白板的教学特点，在重点分析如何运用交互式电子白板技术强大的呈现方式创设课堂场景，利用白板写字、绘画等灵活的互动功能增加课堂教学互动效果，达到提升课堂教学趣味性的目的，提升课堂教学效果。

二、交互式电子白板提升小学语文课堂教学趣味性的策略

（一）综合运用“声”、“影”、“图”、“文”，创设逼真的教学场景，勾起学生的求知欲

教学场景是教学活动的平台和基础，教学活动通常是在特定的教学场景模式下进行的。教学场景优劣直接影响到教师能否将教学内容完全教授给学生，也会直接影响学生对教学内容的兴趣，关系到学生对教学内容的理解程度。教学场景的创设是课堂教学的基础工作，其目的是搭建师生教学交流的共同认知平台。交互式电子白板作为先进的教学工具，融合了“声”、“影”、“图”、“文”等信息技术，在有效搭建师生教学交流的共同认识平台、创设教学场景方面起作着积极的作用。可以通过影像或图片展现教学内容描绘的场景中“形”的环境，也利用声音模拟教学内容描述的场景中“声”环境，还可利用文字进行必要的说明。在进行人教版一年级语文《下雪了》的课堂教学时，岭南的学生也许从未见过下雪，因此对下雪的情景缺乏感性认识，如何能模拟一个逼真的教学场景，勾起学生的求知欲，则成了备课环节的一个重头戏。教师可借助电子白板，先以“图片”或“影像”将雪花飘落的场景呈现在学生面前，再以“声音”模拟呼啸的北风，创设了逼真的下雪场景，同时配合一定的“文字”说明：下雪了，下雪啦！雪地里来了一群小画家。学生就会置身于预设的下雪场景里，对下雪的场景有了较直观的感性认识；同时，也勾起了学生探知后面教学内容的兴趣，期盼着看到雪地里的小画家们究竟都有哪些。这样，就创设了一个逼真、形象的教学场景，搭建了教学活动所需的共同认知平台，为课堂教学奠定基础。同时在满足学生对教学场景的视觉需求的`同时，也满足了听觉的需求，能有效勾起学生对教学内容的好奇，对相关知识的渴望。

（二）巧妙应用“拖拉”、“透镜”，增加课堂教学的趣味性，锁住学生对教学活动的关注

在教学活动中，“教”与“学”是相辅相存，缺一不可的；“教”是“学”的必要条件，“学”是“教”的最终目标；教师与学生是教学活动的两大主体，在教学活动中占有同样重要的作用。要达成课堂教学目标，除了教师的教授之外，也离不开学生的学习和参与。利用交互白板可以巧妙地构思课堂，灵活地创新课堂教学，解决了以往教学课件中难以实现的交互问题，真正实现了教与学的互动。自由、生动的课堂，充分激发了学生的参与感，学生的学习积极性得到了提高，充分调动了学习兴趣，提高了课堂教学的质量。仍以人教版一年级语文《下雪了》的课堂教学为例，在创设了逼真的教学场景之后，已经勾起了学生的求知欲。这时，教师可指导学生一起运用电子白板“拖拉”或“隐藏”等功能把“小画家们”请到雪地上，构建出生机盎然的雪地。此外，还可请学生用“”在雪地里找出在洞穴中冬眠的青蛙……这样，课堂教学变得同游戏活动一样有趣，在满足一年级学生好玩的天性的同时完成了教学互动，课堂教学就在轻松愉悦的氛围中完成了，实现趣味性和知识性完美融合，促使了课堂教学效果提高。

（三）有效运用“书写”、“批注”，激发参与感，调动学习兴趣，提高教学质量

学生参与课堂教学活动的程度与课堂的趣味性及课堂教学过程的互动性有着密切的关系。交互式电子白板的许多特殊功能使得教学互动变得简便而有效，也使课堂教学变成一项有趣的活动，提高了学生参与教学活动积极性。在新课程教学课堂开放的今天，即使有强大的演示功能PPT，也难以满足复杂多变的课堂需求，因为采用PPT教学，教师通常成了课堂上的放映员和讲解员，交互性不足。而交互式电子白板是集传统黑板教学和现代多媒体教学的优点于一身的新型教学辅助工具，既能展现静态教学的魅力，又能演绎动态交互课堂的精彩；既能即时书写文字、手绘图形,也能根据讲述需求自由板书,使用注解、批注等功能[2]。教师可以便捷地实现对媒体的控制，摆脱了媒体的牵制。交互电子白板提供方便的书写和绘画功能，运用于语文学科，可以实现学生“边思考-边想象-边批画”的学习方式，呈现学生阅读、思考的过程以及最终的思维成果，便于教师及时发现问题，及时评价。如在讲授《两只小狮子》时，为了让学生体会到勤狮子刻苦练习“滚、扑、撕、咬”的本领，教师可以请学生在白板上划出自己认为能体现出勤狮子刻苦练习的词语，根据学生的回答，同时利用电子白板的屏幕批注功能，在学生的答案中做上批注（加下划线、着重号、画圈等），让学生通过“整天”这一词语感受到勤狮子非常刻苦。这个过程中，学生是学习的主体，学生在独立批注和互动讨论中也提高了思维的独立性和深刻性。而传统的黑板教学模式，学生难于充分参与到教学过程中，教学效果大打折扣。

三、教学效果

（一）教学效果调查

为使调查结果具有普遍性和代表性，本次调查分别选择高、中、低年级学生进行了调查，发放调查问题200份，其中高年级组占35%，中年级组占35%，低年级组占30%；共收回调查问卷200份，回收率100%；有效问卷180份，有效率90%。本次调查选择课堂氛围、教学场景预设、教学互动、学生对教学内容的理解及课堂教学感受（学习兴趣）等10个因素，作为课堂效果的衡量指标（如上表）。

（二）教学效果调查统计分析

在对回收的调查问题进行统计、分析时发现：在使用了交互式电子白板授课后，学生对教师的教学态度、备课情况、课堂表现、课堂氛围等10方面的平均满意率达99.11%，平均优秀率达85.79%。教学场景预设、课堂教学感受（学习兴趣）、对教师的总体评价等多项衡量指标满意率达100%，各项教学效果衡量指标优秀率均达80%以上。根据统计分析结果，采用交互式电子白板进行课堂教学能够较好地通过预设课堂教学场景，借助交互式电子白板的强大功能实现教学互动，活跃课堂气氛，充分调动学生的学习兴趣，有效帮助学生对课堂教学内容的理解，显著提高了课堂教学效果。

四、结语

交互式电子白板利用其强大的呈现方式，创设逼真的教学场景，让学生身临其境，勾起了学生的求知欲，也有助于学习对知识的理解。同时，交互式电子白板灵活的互动功能，使课堂教学变得更有趣味性，有效促使学生能主动参与教学活动，开启了多元化的互动教学，提高了学生的学习热情和积极性，增强了教学效果。

参考文献：

[1]潘霞.交互式电子白板课堂教学边际效益的探讨[J].教育信息技术,2014，(5).

[2]朱宁贤.从黑板的演变看交互式课堂教学呈现方式[J].中国教育信息化,2008，(6).

篇10：刍议初中历史趣味性的教学论文

刍议初中历史趣味性的教学论文

初中历史学科如何适应时代需求,如何夯实学科基础,如何进行趣味性教学,提高学生能力?提高教师素质是前提,改进教学方法是手段,应用多种教学手段是途径,合理利用乡土教材是条件,发挥语言教学的魅力是保证。初中历史教师在提高自身素质的同时,调动教学手段,达到教学过程全优化,圆满地完成素质教育对初中历史教学提出的要求。

关键词:初中;历史;趣味;教学

兴趣是推动人们自觉学习的强大动力,也是成就任何事业所必须具备的心理条件。目前,素质教育已汇成时代的潮流,中学历史学科如何适应时代的需求,如何夯实学科基础,提高学生能力,较好地完成《义务教育历史课程标准》规定的教学目标和任务,这是摆在初中历史教师面前亟待解决的问题。本人从加强趣味性教学,从激发学生学习兴趣而提高学科教育质量的角度,阐述初中历史适应素质教育的要求,旨在抛砖引玉。

一、提高教师素质是实施趣味性教学的前提

初中历史教师除必备的教育学、心理学知识外,学科特点决定了还必须有系统的而不零散的、渊博的而不狭窄的、扎实的而不肤浅的学科知识,而且知识决不能停留在一个水平上。不论是刚毕业的'大学生还是具有丰富教学经验的老教师,都必须进行长期的学习、积累。不仅如此,还要及时地了解史学研究的信息动态,站在科研前沿,掌握最新研究成果,不断更新知识。只有具备了“长流水”,才能给学生“一滴水”。同时,由于历史学科是一门综合性极强的人文社会学科,同政治、经济、军事、文化、科技以及人们的社会生活有着密切的联系,这就要求教师广泛涉猎政治、经济、科技文化等各学科知识,拓展知识面,使各学科之间相互联系和渗透,做到“一专多能”。只有这样,教师才能在教学中熟练地驾驭教材、活化教材,展得开、收得住,居高临下、运用自如,从而唤起学生的联想,激发学生的求知欲。从某种意义上讲,教师素质的高低、知识面的宽窄是实施素质教育、提高学生学习兴趣的首要条件。

二、改进教学方法是实施趣味性教学的有效手段

在全面实施素质教育的今天,必须改变传统的教学模式,做到低负担、高质量,提高学生学习效率。在教学过程中,教师和学生通过相互作用的双边活动,构成教学活动的整体。因现代中学生已经具有较强的学习能力,故大量的机械的知识及许多问题学生自己能够去解决,教师关键是要加强课前预习指导,在课堂教学中注意情境创设、引导启发、组织讨论、质疑解难和变式训练等方法的运用,并及时捕捉反馈学生学习信息,真正起到教师“诱”和“导”的作用。使学生掌握重要的历史事件、历史人物、历史现象,理解重要的历史概念,把握中外历史不同时期阶段特征及其发展趋势,把握基本线索和发展规律,能够从对比中找出共性与个性、原因和结果等。通过学史,得出正确认识,启迪活跃学生思维,使学生真正成为学习的主体。教师还必须通过深入开展教学研究,不断进行教学改革,学习先进经验,不断扬长避短,包括分析、综合、归纳、比较、抽象、概括等,培养学生多问、善问、好问的习惯,培养阅读、理解、分析的能力以及运用哲学的基本观点观察解决问题的能力。

三、应用多种教学手段是实施趣味性教学的有效途径

历史是已经过去的人类社会的全部活动,初中历史教材是中外历史的高度浓缩。这就要求教师应用多种教学手段,加强教学中的直观性。充分利用图表、声像、影视等多种手段进行教学,通过视觉、听觉等直观感知激发学生学习兴趣,尽量缩短学生与历史的距离,再认再现历史,以增强教学效果,尽可能地让学生直观形象地全面掌握历史知识。

四、合理利用乡土教材是实施趣味性教学的必要条件

中华民族有着悠久的历史,灿烂的文化。充分利用这些丰富的资源,安排适当的时间去参观学习,安排课堂讨论,撰写历史内容的短小文章,不仅培养了学习情感,也渗透了德育,并且根据教材的特点安排相应的活动,充分利用各地的乡土教材,作为对历史教材的重要补充,既能培养学生热爱祖国、热爱家乡的真情实感,同时也极大地丰富了教材,提高了学生学习历史的兴趣。

五、发挥语言教学的魅力是实施趣味性教学的保证

语言是教师传授知识的最主要的工具,讲述法仍是目前重要的教学方法。这就要求教师必须以生动形象、幽默风趣的语言,准确的历史术语,抑扬顿挫的声调,将学生带入特殊的历史环境,强烈吸引学生的注意力,激发其学习兴趣,使学生有身临其境之感。相反,语言空乏苍白,呆板无力,缺乏生动形象,学生听着索然无味,“昏昏欲睡也”。久而久之,学生必然形成逆反心理。因此,教师应充分发挥教学语言的魅力,狠抓语言基本功,在实施素质教育中过好语言关。

托尔斯泰曾说过:“为了使学生学好,必须使他们学好。”而要使其“学好”,变被动为主动,必须使其产生浓厚的学习兴趣,成为一种自觉的学习动机,从而以饱满的热情投入学习中。诚然,素质教育中的趣味性教学绝非是“笑料”,而是包含着严肃认真的思想与情感。初中历史教师在提高自身素质的同时,必须加大改革力度,充分调动多种教学手段,达到教学过程的全优化,圆满地完成素质教育对初中历史教学提出的要求。

篇11：趣味性的英语脑筋急转弯

1. What is the best thing to keep in hot weather?

Cool!

2. What is never used until it's broken?

An egg.

3. What's a skeleton?(骨架)

It's a lot of bones without the person on them!

4. What is dark but made by light?

A shadow.

5. What can you break with only one word?

Silence.

6. What stays indoors no matter how many times you put it out?

The light.

7. A policeman saw a truck driver going the wrong way down a one-way street, but didn't give him a ticket. Why?

Because the truck driver was walking.

8. Where can milk be best stored?

In a cow.

9. Which can move faster, heat or cold?

Heat, because you can catch cold easily.

10. What's the hardest thing about learning skating?

The ice.

11. What has cities with no houses, rivers without water and forests without trees?

A map.

12. What can be measured but has no length, width or thickness?

The temperature.

13. What makes the Tower of Pisa lean?

It never eats.

14. Why is writing called handwriting?

If people wrote with their feet, we would have to call it footwriting.

15. If there were only thre girls in the world, what do you think they would do?

Two of them would get together ans talk about the other one.

16. How many great men have been born in London?

None. Only babies.

17. When can you have an empty pocket and still have something in it?

When you have a hole in your pocket.

18. The greater it is, the less it can be seen. What is it?

Darkness.

19. The more you take away, the bigger I become. What am I?

A hole.

20. Who may marry many a wife and stay single all of his life?

A priest.(牧师)

21.Who isn't your sister and isn't your brother, but is still a child of your mother and father? I myself.

22. What has teeth but cannot eat?

A comb.

23. What kind of man can raise things without lifting them?

A farmer.

24. Why does time fly?

To get away from all the people who are trying to kill it.

25. Why does the Statue of Liberty stand in New York Harbor?

Because it can't sit down.

篇12：趣味性的英语脑筋急转弯

26. What animal eats and drinks with its tail?

All do. No animal takes off its tail when eating and drinking.

27. What has a soft bed but never sleeps, a big mouth but never speaks?

A river.

28. What kind of dog never bite?

A hot dog.

29. Why does the Statue of Liberty stand in New York Harbor?

Because it can't sit down.

30. What did one invisible man say to the other invisible man?

It's nice not to see you again.

31. What wears a cap but has no head?

A bottle.

32. What rises in the morning and waves all day?

A flag.

33. What is an astronomer?(天文学家)?

A night watchman with a college education.

34. How can you tell clocks and watches are shy?

Because they always have their hands in front of their faces.

35. What is wind?

Air in a hurry.

36. What comes after the letter “A”?

All the other letters.

37. What starts with a T, ends with a T, and is full of T?

Teapot.

38. What word can you make shorter by adding to it?

Short.

39. What person does every man take his hat off to?

A barber.

40. Why does the boy carry a ladder to the school?

Because he wants to go to high school.

41. What can you swallow that can also swallow you?

Water.

42. What's the difference between a hill and a pill?

A hill is hard to get up and a pill is hard to get down.

43. Why is it useless to send a letter to Washington?

Because he's dead.

44. A doctor and a lawyer loved the same girl. The lawyer went away for a week and gave the girl seven apples before he left. Why?

Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

45. What will you do if a man-eating tiger is running after you?

Nothing. Because I'm a woman.

46. What always travels on foot?

A shoe.

47. Where can happiness always be found?

In the dictionary.

48. What is higher without a head than with a head?

A pillow.(枕头)

49. Why don't you advertise for your lost dog?

He can't read.

50. On which side does a bird have the most feathers?

The outside.

篇13：增强职中语文教学的趣味性论文

增强职中语文教学的趣味性论文

职业中学的语文课越来越难教了，进入中职学校的学生普遍文化课基础较差，对语文课的学习没有兴趣。很大一部分学生认为自己就是来学技术的，根本没必要学语文。学生没有学习的动力，教师教起来也觉得索然无味。因此，培养职中生的语文学习兴趣，让语文课变得更加生动有趣，成为语文教学的首要问题。

一、明确语文学习的现实意义，提升语文学习的兴趣

美国心理学家和教育家、结构主义教育思想的代表人物布鲁纳指出：“使学生对一门学科有兴趣的最好办法势必使之知道这门学科是值得学习的。”因此，让学生明白语文课学习对他们以后工作和学习的重要作用，才有可能真正激发学生的学习兴趣。

在高一新生的第一节语文课上，首先让学生讨论“职中为什么开设语文课”，学生通过头脑风暴畅所欲言。通过师生的共同探讨，我们会发现，不论是服装专业，幼师专业，还是营销专业，动漫专业，计算机专业等，职中的大部分专业课与语文课的联系都非常紧密。语文听、说、读、写这些基本能力对其专业课的学习会有很大的帮助。以网络营销专业为例，以后工作中无论是店铺推广还是营销客服都是离不开语言文字的。学生讨论的结果加上教师鲜活的案例，学生很容易明确语文学习和他们所要从事的职业是息息相关的。另外，从人的终生发展考虑，语文学习是一种终生学习，现实生活中时时处处都离不开语言文字，无论是从诗意的精神层面，还是从现实层面，语文学习都是不可或缺的。当学生明确了语文学习的现实意义以后，语文学习的兴趣会得到普遍提升。

二、尝试运用灵活多变的教学方法，增强学习过程的趣味性

中职生普遍在学习上缺乏耐性，对单一的教学方式很难产生长久的兴趣。单纯的讲授很难吸引他们的注意力，就是小组合作、项目教学用得多了他们也会觉得厌烦，所以教学过程中要想办法将各种有效的教学方式进行整合，根据不同的教学内容使用合适的教学方法，让学生经常有新鲜感，这样才能使他们保持学习的兴趣。例如，在讲授《卖白菜》一课时，采用实物教学法，让学生通过视觉，触觉这些直观的感受体会作者的情感；在讲授《再塑生命的人》时采用亲身体验法，让学生分别扮演海伦·凯勒和沙莉文老师，亲身体验沙莉文老师在教海伦·凯勒的过程中那份爱心、耐心和智慧；在讲授《迢迢牵牛星》时，对“盈盈一水间，脉脉不得语”这一主旨句的理解，可以结合《魂断蓝桥》和电视剧《潜伏》中的视频片段，让学生加以体会，因为是经典影片和热播电视剧，学生非常感兴趣，也深刻地理解了这两句诗中所传递的情感；在讲授戏剧单元时，让学生剧情再现，充分体验剧中人物的典型性格和激烈的戏剧冲突；学习诗歌单元，对于需要背诵的篇目，先在各小组内部进行PK，选出胜者参加班里的PK．学生的学习热情会有很大的提高。诗歌单元结束后，搞一个全班的诗歌朗诵会，做到全员参与，很多职中生以前很少有机会在全班同学面前讲话，这样的锻炼机会使他们有机会展示自己，提升自己的自我价值，尤其是担任主持的同学，收获会更大。

三、课外作业的多样化，用有趣的形式巩固课上所学内容

形式各样、内容新颖的作业容易激发学生的学习兴趣，对于喜欢新鲜事物但惰性较强的职中生更是如此。因此，在布置课外作业时既要结合课文内容，又要尽可能符合专业特点，还要做到生动有趣。例如，在讲授《城市的文物与文化》或者《北京的胡同》时，带领学生去自己所在城市的老胡同进行采访，让动漫专业和网络专业学习摄影的学生拍摄照片，一部分学生进行文字加工，制做成PPT在班内展示交流。这个作业学生做起来非常投入，制作的幻灯片也很精美，学生也充分体会到语文课和自己所学的专业的紧密联系。在讲授古诗词单元时，让服装专业的学生根据诗词的意境设计一款具有中国古诗词元素的服装，不少学生画出的服装款式图将古典和时尚元素完美得结合在一起，受到了服装专业教师的好评。经验证明，只要教师布置的作业能激发学生的兴趣，学生是很乐意去做的。同时还把语文课上所学的知识灵活运用到实际生活中，充分体现了生活中语文无处不在的大语文观，让学生体会到了语文的实用性——学好语文可以提高自己的专业素养；也让学生感受到语文学习可以让自己的`生活充满诗意。

四、改变传统评价，让评价方式活起来

随着教学方法的改变，评价方式也应该随之调整。在评价过程中，可以采用小组评价和个人评价相结合，既发挥团队的力量，也激发个体的积极性。同时还要采取适合学生特点的新颖有趣的评价方式。比如：对于小组评价，可以定为“幼儿园”、“小学”、“初中”、“高中”、“大学”等不同的等级，根据各小组的活动积分确定等级，小组之间的竞争就很激烈。也可以用学生常玩的游戏中的级别来确定等级，学生会更有兴趣。对于个人评价，可以用“金币”来代替分数，虽然只是名称的改变，对学生的意义就大不一样了。从评价内容上来说，要将平时作业、课堂参与情况、竞赛参与情况等纳入评价系统，并和学生一起制定客观公正的评价标准。由于学生亲身的参与，这一评价标准的约束性和认可性会更强。

职业学校的语文教学如果想摆脱被动的地位，还需要长期的实践和创新。如何把有用的东西，用有趣的方式包裹起来，让学生更容易理解和接受，这是职业学校语文老师要不断探索的实际问题。希望通过我们的努力，让更多的学生从语文教学中获益，从而在以后的工作和生活中能灵活地加以运用，为自己的工作和生活带来方便，让学生真正体会到这一课程的价值。

篇14：加强预防医学教学的性和趣味性论文

加强预防医学教学的实用性和趣味性论文

【摘要】在医学领域中,预防医学越来越显示出其重要性,其教育工作亦越发受到重视,为更好的达到教育目标,预防医学的教育工作者在教学中应该应用各种方法在学科的重要性、实用性、趣味性上下功夫，并突出其中的素质教育。

【关键词】预防医学教育；重要性；实用性；趣味性；素质教育

预防医学是一门综合性学科，在医学领域中有着较特殊的地位，随着人们对健康需求的不断提高及现代医学的发展，预防医学在医学教育中越来越显示出其重要性，而学生对预防医学往往有片面的认识，认为这一学科不重要，没有临床学科实用。因此，为了使这门课真正让学生掌握并充分发挥它的作用，就要加强预防医学教学的实用性和趣味性。

1 在教学过程中要突出预防医学的重要性

针对医学生普遍存在重视临床医学的学习而忽视预防医学学习的情况，应自始至终反复强调此学科的重要性，尤其要高度重视第一次绪论课的教学。教学中，可通过一些例子强调预防医学在现代医疗卫生事业发展中所起的巨大作用。例如强调如果没有预防医学这门学科及其不断的发展，恐怕我们的卫生工作到现在还处在与传染病做斗争的第一次卫生革命运动中[1]。反应停这种致畸率很高的药物还会被孕妇滥用，特别是曾威胁全球的SARS也就不能得到有效的控制，禽流感、甲型H1N1流感也会在全球肆虐等等，从而引起学生对预防医学这门学科的高度重视。同时让学生看到，随着生活水平的提高，社会的老龄化趋势，人们对健康的需求越来越高，这就需要加强预防卫生工作，要求医务工作者必需掌握疾病在人群中发生发展的一般规律、社区保健调查研究的方法和疾病预防控制的措施等预防医学的理论知识。做到不仅会治病、更要防病。启发学生要想适应新形势下卫生工作的需要、成为高素质的卫生工作者，不仅要学好临床医学，更要学好预防医学的理论知识和技能。

2 教学过程中体现预防医学的实用性和趣味性

为激发学生的学习积极性，提高教学效果，在教学中应注意理论联系实际，突出预防医学的实用性和趣味性。新生入学教育开始，就让学生充分认识预防医学是一门涉及面相当广泛的综合性学科，就业并非一般人理解的只有卫生监督和疾病控制，其它象环保部门、城乡建设、建筑行业、饮水管理、食品工业管理、气象局、职业病防治所、学校卫生管理等行业都需要预防医学专业人才，就业途径相当广泛，从而意识到学好预防医学大有作为。在教学中突出与学生生活密切相关的教学内容，让学生感受到所学的知识就在身边，很实用。例如，讲到三级预防的[2]内容时，就可以结合国情适当举例。在我国SARS流行期间，可结合当时SARS疫情，给学生讲明，造成SARS疫情的病源是人群普遍易感的，一旦有传染源存在，极易造成大范围的传播和流行。因此，为了控制疫情，必须做好SARS的三级预防工作，特别是重在防止疾病发生的第一级预防措施，如室内定期消毒、通风、注意个人卫生、适时戴口罩、适当体育锻炼、改善饮食等以及重在早发现以控制疾病发展的第二级预防措施，如每天组织学生监测体温等。这样将学校制定实施的SARS防治具体措施用三级预防的`思路一一列举、讲明，理论联系实际，学生不仅学到了相关的理论知识，而且能自觉主动地做好SARS的预防工作。在授课中也可以适当运用一些趣味性的表达和例子来调节课堂气氛，活跃学生思维，激发学生的学习兴趣，加深对教学内容的理解，提高教学效率。例如在介绍自我保健的内容时，就可以夸张地介绍说：“等大家都有了很好的自我保健能力，咱们医务人员就该失业了，各家都有齐全的诊疗设施，所有的健康问题在家就可以解决了，这多好啊！”学生一听就笑了：这不太可能吧？这时就可以接着指出，自我保健是一种有局限性的非专业性的卫生保健活动，要求“多依靠自己，少依赖医生”，强调的是在医务人员的指导下，积极主动的自我保健来有效地防止疾病的发生，控制疾病的发展，将健康掌握在自己手里，而并非“全依靠自己，不要医生”，对于这样的小知识点，大家在笑声中掌握会更加牢固。

3 将素质教育贯穿到预防医学教学全过程的始终

医学生的素质决定着未来医务工作者的医疗服务质量与水平，因此在教学过程中，应始终注重对学生进行各方面的素质教育，注重对学生的全面培养。如预防医学的一个重点内容就是环境与健康[3]，在授课过程中，就可以从各方面培养学生的环境、群体意识及爱国思想。结合现在环境污染的状况，让大家观察身边那些不环保、不文明的行为和现象，如随地吐痰、自来水管一开就没人关、食堂里剩饭剩菜随处可见、一下课教室里粉笔头乱飞等等，体会自己身上有哪些可能增加环境负担的不良行为，教育学生环保行为要从生活中的一点一滴做起，意识到热爱环境就是热爱生命。另外，健康教育作为素质教育中不可缺少的一部分，其相关理论内容又恰恰在预防医学中有所涉及。那么在课堂上除了进行相应理论知识的讲解，也可以结合不同篇章对学生实施适当的健康教育。如在饮食与健康的关系中教会学生如何制定自己的食谱而做到合理膳食；在心理、社会因素与健康的关系中，教会学生如何调整自己的心态以稳定情绪，才有利于健康，以及控制身心疾病在自己身上出现等各方面自我保健的知识[4]。总之，素质教育不是经过一时一事能提高的，必须从小做起，而且确实可通过教师在传授专业技能知识的过程中进行，这种点滴的渗透教育在潜移默化中可起到巨大作用。

在当前社会和医学发展的大趋势中，预防医学肩负着重要的使命，作为预防医学的专业教师更要认清形势，在教学中注意突出预防医学的重要性，体现出预防医学的实用性和趣味性，将素质教育贯穿于预防医学教学过程的始终，随时总结经验，不断进取，才能培养出具有健全身心、高素质的实用型卫生技术人才。

【参考文献】

[1] 黄吉武.预防医学［M］.3版.北京：北京人民卫生出版社，2004：95-97.

[2] 钱宇平.流行病学［M］.6版.北京：人民卫生出版社，2007：144-152.

[3] 杨克敌.环境卫生学［M］.6版.北京：人民卫生出版社，2007:15-64.

[4] 王陇德.掌握健康钥匙［M］.2版.北京：人民卫生出版社，2006：12.

篇15：初中物理教学中的趣味性教学论文

摘 要：物理学属于自然科学，是一门重要的学科，物理学是重要的基础科学之一，也是研究现代科学技术重要的中心学科之一。发展工农业生产、信息技术、国防现代化和纳米技术等先进的科学知识都离不开物理学的基础理论支持。因此，每一位学生都必须具备一定的物理知识。

关键词：初中；物理；趣味性教学

初中的物理教学是学生学习物理知识的入门阶段，是培养学生学习兴趣的关键时期，因此在初中的物理教学中启发学生对学习物理知识的兴趣，调动学生的学习积极性，为以后继续学习更加深奥的物理知识打下坚实的基础有着重要的作用。本文对目前初中物理的教学中存在的一些问题进行了深入分析，并结合教学实际，提出了一些在初中物理课堂开展趣味性教学的措施。

一、教师的教学手段对学生学习兴趣的影响

物理这门学科具有较强的实验性和科学性，教师在课堂上可以为学生表演一些小魔术来增加课堂的趣味性和学生的学习兴趣。例如，在学习《大气压强》这一课时，就可以表演“有孔纸片托水”这个小魔术。众所周知，有孔的东西都是会漏水的，可是，在这个魔术里你将看到一张满是小孔的纸片，居然可以托起一斤多重的水。我们在一个大空瓶里盛满有色的水，将事先准备好的有孔纸片盖在瓶口，并用手压着纸片，然后将瓶倒转，让瓶口朝下，然后将手轻轻移开。学生可以看到纸片纹丝不动地盖在瓶口，并且水也没有从小孔中流出来。（注意事项：瓶子要使用小口瓶，瓶内的水越满越好。纸片上的孔要尽可能的`细小，在倒转瓶口后，手一定要慢慢、轻轻地移开，以免因纸未盖平而漏水。）

薄纸片之所以能托起瓶中的水，是因为有大气压强作用在纸片上，从而产生了向上的托力。而瓶中的水不会从小孔中漏出来，则是因为水有表面张力，瓶中的水在纸的表面形成了一层薄膜，所以水不会漏出来。这就如同布做的雨伞一样，布的表面虽然有很多的小孔，但仍然不会漏雨。教师充分利用了青少年的好奇心理，用趣味性的实验启发了学生的学习兴趣，提高了学生的学习积极性，从而取得了明显的教学效果。

二、使用现代化的教学设施提高物理课堂的趣味性

随着计算机及互联网的应用和普及，各种计算机教学软件和教学课件成了教师教学的常用工具。这些现代化的教学手段极大地丰富了教学内涵。《光的反射和折射》这一课是初中物理的重点和难点，这一课的知识点学生很难理解，尤其在绘制光路图方面学生很容易出错。针对这一问题，我建议教师可以采用PPT、Flash和3DMAX等软件开发课件用来演示光的传播、光的反射、光的折射等知识点，生动具体地揭示光的奥秘，让学生通过观察课件总结规律。运用多媒体等现代化教学手段极大地增加了课堂的趣味性，易于学生理解，提高了课堂效率。

作为教师，我们应不断地改革传统的教学方法，提高自己的教学水平，改进课堂教学手段。在初中物理课堂上实施趣味性教学，可以极大地提高课堂的趣味性，激发学生的求知欲，获得令人满意的教学效果。

参考文献：

俞海清。浅谈初中物理的趣味性教学.学园：教育科研，2012（07）。

篇16：普通话教学的趣味性教学策略研究论文

普通话教学的趣味性教学策略研究论文

摘 要：作为教师的职业语言，普通话是教师进行教学活动的重要工具。普通话课程是学前教育专业学生的必修课，旨在培养学生掌握普通话声、韵、调的规范发音及音变规律，并具备一定的方言辨正能力，达到幼儿教师资格要求的普通话等级标准。本文针对学生学习兴趣的培养提出了多项措施，这些措施比较符合学前教育学生特点，能够有效地调动学生的学习积极性，提高普通话教学效果。

关键词：普通话 兴趣 曲艺

笔者一直以来的教学目标，便是要创建快乐课堂，让学生能够在轻松的氛围中愉快地学习知识，培养学习兴趣，掌握学习方法，提高学习效果。在教学中，我有效地引用了一些科学合理的学习方法，在抽象的学习中加入了形象的阐释，在枯燥的训练中增添一点动力。这些教学方法的使用，极大地提高了学生的学习兴趣，使他们由“被动学”转变为“主动学”。这种学习方式的转变，带来的是学习效果的提升。

一、培养学习兴趣，提高学生的普通话表达能力

学生普通话表达能力练习，参考了殷亚敏教授的“当众讲话能力训练”课程，结合学前教育学生特点，逐步进行训练，使学生的普通话表达能力得以提高。普通话表达能力练习归纳为三个方面：一是克服紧张情绪练习，二是科学用气发声的练习，三是生动形象的讲话练习。

1.克服紧张情绪练习。在新生开学的第一堂课上，我一般会要求学生进行自我介绍，这样做可以培养学生讲话的勇气，还可以简单了解学生的普通话水平。在这个环节中，大多数学生会出现脸红、说话断断续续等现象。有的学生虽然准备得很充分，但当他站在众人面前时，依旧会表现出一些辞不达意等紧张现象。出现这些现象的原因，归根结底还是因为心理承受能力不够强，缺少实践锻炼。他们更需要的是一种能够让他们轻松地进行模仿、练习的方法，由外而内，通过外在体态的训练改变内在的心理素质，达到克服紧张情绪、进行自由表达的目的。这种训练方法，便是对外在体态进行“笑定”、“眼定”和“站定”的训练。

2.科学用气发声的练习。学前教育学生将来面对的是3～6岁幼儿，有过幼儿园工作经验的人都很清楚，工作环境有时候会非常吵，如果不懂科学用气发声，很容易产生咽喉部不适。董玉礼教授说：教师用嗓过度是一个普遍现象，教师存在咽喉不适的情况比一般人群严重，46.1%的教师存在不同程度的咽喉部不适。检出的咽喉疾病中，慢性咽炎、慢性喉炎、声带结节、声带息肉的患病率最高。发病原因主要是说话多，用声方法不科学，声带长期疲劳，导致喉部肌肉损伤。这种职业病的发病原因就是不会用丹田发气声，长期咽喉肌肉紧张，靠摩擦声带说话造成的。在开始普通话语音学习之前，我一般是教给学生一种“有控制的胸腹联合式呼吸法”，这种呼吸方法非常科学，但是学习起来有一定难度。因此，我也引用了殷老师的“耳语式练声法”，就是有气有字无声。通过这种方法的练习，学生能够快速掌握用气发声的方法，使声音悦耳、动听。耳语练声法的`要求是要微笑、加上手势、对着镜子练。人在微笑时，全身放松，气息下沉，口腔打开，这样发出来的声音更好听，吐字也更轻巧；练习时加上手势，可以身临其境，增加形象性，语言也能生动起来，还可以帮助我们发现各种练习基本功时的毛病，调节气息大小；通过这种练习，使吐字归音更加标准、动听。

3.生动形象的讲话练习。语言表达的另一个要求是生动形象。练好体态语，就能抓住讲话感情训练的龙头。讲话时要善于调动思维，把脑海中储存的形象调出来，就可以触内景而生真情。李白的《望庐山瀑布》中所提到的景物如香炉、瀑布等都是我们曾经见过的，因此在练习过程中调动大脑分析就能很快得到一个形象的印象。

二、结合曲艺表演，提高普通话教学质量

调查显示，从事声乐等相关工作的人普通话水平普遍较高。这是因为学习声乐的过程与学习普通话的过程有着高度的一致性，都属于口耳之学，而且声乐的学习难度又高于普通话的学习，在吐字归音、共鸣控制等多个方面的要求要高于普通话的学习要求。因此，普通话教学完全可以从教学出发，合理设计好时间，借鉴曲艺的吐字归音训练，纠正普通话学习中的缺陷音及错误音，提高学生的普通话应用能力。

首先，要选择合适的曲艺表演内容及歌曲，培养学生的学习兴趣。在不同的学习阶段安排不同的内容，既要联系教学，又要考虑到学生的欣赏水平及普及性。例如在普通话学习起始阶段，可以通过相声表演及歌曲中的说唱等艺术形式训练学生的吐字归音。作为传统戏曲中说唱理论的咬字方法，吐字归音在学生心目中较为陌生，教师可以通过视频、音频等方式给学生播放一些经典的曲艺表演及京剧念白片段，让他们感受中华语言之美，进而产生学习欲望。

其次，注意教学方法的使用。在各种曲艺形式辅助普通话教学的过程中，应强调时间的掌握及教师示范教学的运用。这对教师提出了较高的要求，要求教师应该语音标准、富有表现力，在时间、空间及方向的把握上具备一定的掌控能力。

参考文献

[2]王素珍 主编 幼儿教师口语训练教程.上海：复旦大学出版社，2006，7。

[3]张慧 绕口令[M].北京.中国广播电视出版社，2005。

篇17：多层面提高高中语文教学的趣味性论文

多层面提高高中语文教学的趣味性论文

趣味性是任何课堂的看点，是提高课堂教学效率的主要途径，高中语文不论学生资源还是学科特点，都有利于增强趣味性。本文从教师自身角色打造、阅读平台搭建、语言能力提高等方面加以阐述，以供参考探究。

语文教学有着天生的灵活性，其中趣味性是灵魂。经过实践，大家认识到，以高中语文课堂为基础，在多个环节下工夫，不断提高课堂教学质量，将兴趣体现在课堂上，最终实现教学效果的增强。

一、扮演好教师的角色，发挥主导作用

1.用现代化理念面对语文教学。在课堂中教师是学习活动的组织和引导者，更是课堂兴趣引发的主导者，传统的语文课堂除了简单的读背写，内容枯燥，教师只担当知识的传递者，让语文课失去个性与活力。所以，在高中语文课堂教学中一定要转变观念，有现代化的教育教学理念，其中最重要的一点是把语文课上活，让学生的思维得到充分发散和释放。

2.用良好的教师素养牢固生动课堂。教师是课堂的组织者、设计者，也是实施者，教师的基本功底、驾驭能力，临场发挥都能让课堂成功或者失败。所以，教师的素养是关键。在学习“再别康桥”一课时“那河畔的金柳，是夕阳中的新娘;波光里的艳影，在我的心头荡漾”的片段，教师的朗读要舒缓跌宕，饱含深情，同理在朗读“荆轲刺秦王”片段时则随着故事情节的变化，表现出惊心动魄。这样的教学语言让学生紧随教师的节奏，注意力高度集中，学习效果显著。同样，在其他环节教师的语言表达也很重要，要做到语言精练，逻辑严谨，绘声绘色，风趣幽默。看起来这是教学知识之外的内容，但对整个教学是十分重要的，尤其提高学生兴趣更关键。

3.教师要与学生高度交流。现代教学特别注重人文性，而传统教学更注重知识内容。在课堂中，人是最活跃的因子，而师生是一对特殊的关系。教师要把知识、情感传递给学生，学生要从教师那里提高语文素质，也要得到领悟。

二、以阅读为平台，培养学生的语文感悟能力

1.教师为学生的阅读把好思想关口。虽然高中生有了自己的想法和主见，但教师更具有思想辨别能力，什么样的作品值得读，会让我们感悟什么思想，教师都要做阅读教学活动的引导者、思想把控者。一是做好学生的思想工作，提示学生阅读的好处，具体做法可以用故意将考试或者练习的题目从教师指导阅读的篇目中，引起大家的.被动重视，让学生指导经常阅读提高成绩。二是引导学生善于发现好的阅读作品，善于感悟作品，从阅读中得到快乐。教师可以以亲身体会提醒大家，也可以和学生一起交流，比如推荐好的书目，和学生一起讨论文章中的人物、历史和阅读的体会等。

2.教师能为学生提供阅读攻略。很多学生没有好的阅读习惯，即便知道阅读的好处，也不能科学地阅读、有效地阅读。因此，教师要设计好阅读和阅读课的方案，为之提供阅读攻略，比如学期阅读计划，个人阅读笔记的设计，阅读课外和课本的关系等，也包括针对个性学生的差异性设计，也就是阅读辅导，成分发挥教师的知识优势和思想优势。

3.教师要归纳整理阅读资源。语文课程拥有丰富的教学资源，深度和广度都很大，其中阅读资源更是如此，也不排除一些阅读材料鱼龙混杂，或者不适应高中生，这就要求学生侧重选择，所以教师要把握好教材，整理归纳好教材，为学生把关阅读素材，不让学生走弯路。这方面并不限于语文文本，所以教师要在教材的基础上，发挥个性优势，整理好、运用好大量课外的阅读素材。

4.提高学生阅读自觉性。阅读有很强的广泛性和个性化，没有规定的阅读方法和效率指南，因此，教师要尊重学生的主体地位，最大限度地将阅读权交给学生自己。在很多学生中，习惯教师给出阅读重点，阅读思考题，甚至是按照现成的心得体会，按照固定思路阅读作品、体会作品，这种阅读模式和思路的恒定化，桎梏了学生的个性，束缚了学生的发散思维，极大地影响了教学效果。相反，教师在大致为学生提供阅读框架和阅读课程的基础上，对个别学生进行方向性指导，随后就可以让学生自由发挥，只有这样，学生才能轻松自然，才能发现作品的思想，体现阅读的优势和魅力。

三、多途径提高学生语言能力

1.强调语言的社会性，让兴趣源更广阔。语言学习本身就是复杂的，但很自然，没有特定的方法。高中语文教学中，如果单单强调课堂上的字词、分析、阅读，学生是不买账的，在语文能力表达方面，社会应该担负起责任。在此，教师有指导义务。首先，要给学生一个明确的方向，什么语言是值得在学生阶段重点掌握的，什么语言要剔除，比如网络语言，它是个社会问题，不能完全排斥，但我们可以减少影响，尤其对青少年应该让他们有辨明的能力，哪个是需要学的，哪个只是用来调侃的，这就要求舆论、学校、家长给他们提供正确的方向。其次，在规范的汉语学习、提高过程中要为他们提供科学依据，包括相应的简易教材、社会辅导机构等，当然学校也是社会的一个因素，从教育模式、教学环节、师生交流等方面要大力改善，才能为青少年学生提供优良的语文能力表达规范环境。

2.发挥学生的主体作用，提高语言能力。任何学习活动和方式方法，最终需要学习主体落实，学生是学习的主体，所以要发挥他们的主观能动性，提高他们的语言能力。高中学生思想活跃，求职欲望强，对语言的掌控能力都很强。我们可以利用这种思维优势，强化他们的这种培训。一是做好引导工作，提高语文学科的认知度，让他们爱上语文，喜欢上语言，高中生接受能力强，有了这种思想，他们会刻意关注，自我倾向。二是利用学生活动，如语文活动课、校园演讲比赛、升旗讲话等公众场合，锻炼他们的应变能力。当然，这种渠道还很多，如校外活动、家庭影响等都可以发挥学生的积极性，提高语言能力。

有质量的课堂需要精心打造，更需要经验积累，有趣的语文课是在教师的正确引导、学生的积极应对、各种教学资源的有效整合下产生的，多层面有利于趣味课堂的建立。

篇18：小学体育趣味性教学的探索论文

小学体育趣味性教学的探索论文

摘要：小学体育的趣味性教学对于我们农牧区基层学校和我们基层的教育工作者而言能够对体育教学和学生的身体素质培养起到重要积极的推动作用，不但能够激发学生对体育课和体育运动的兴趣，使得学生体育技能得到锻炼的同时磨练了孩子的意志和品格，不但使同学们锻炼了身体，还陶冶了情操，同时开阔了视野，掌握了一些游戏和比赛的规则和技巧。并且可以逐步引导学生逐渐形成一种自觉体育锻炼和关注自身健康的意识，同时掌握一些运动的规律和技巧，保证我区小学体育教学任务的实现和由传统体育教学向体育素质教育的顺利过度。

关键词：小学体育；兴趣；游戏；情境

小学体育教学承担着学生素质提升的任务，教师要注重学生体育技能的培养，并且在此基础上增强学生的身体素质。体育教学中，教师应该注重教学的趣味性，使学生能够积极地参与到体育教学中，使体育课更具生机和活力。

一、让游戏成为小学体育课的主旋律

好玩是孩子的天性，尤其是小学生的共同特点，作为体育老师，我们的任务就是利用学生的这个天性和特点发现和挖掘他们的体育兴趣。教师要转变以往的教学理念，不要以单纯的.教授体育运动技能为主，要根据学生的提点，教学内容，选择合适的教学方法，手段。培养学生学习兴趣，树立终身体育的目标。体育活动具有一定的竞技性，小学体育教学中，教师为了增强课堂教学的趣味性，可以适当地引入一些竞赛活动，使学生的竞争意识被激发。而体育游戏作为一种体育活动形式,趣味性强，生动而活泼,内容丰富多彩，形式多样，不但可以锻炼孩子们的身体，还能培养学生坚强的品格和团结互助热爱集体的精神。体育老师在体育课堂教学中应该经常运用体育比赛和趣味性的游戏，在具体的应用中，教师可以结合小学生的身心特点进行项目和比赛内容的设计，通过创新教学思维和教学方法的应用来增强体育教学的趣味性，使学生能够更为积极地参与到体育锻炼中。合理地编排一些竞赛性游戏去练习，提高孩子们的学习兴趣活跃课堂气氛。如在投掷教学中，我先让学生比赛折纸飞机，比比谁的飞机飞得高、飞的远，学生都特别感兴趣，很快就进入了投掷训练。在给低年级同学上体育课时，我还经常把体育锻炼和游戏娱乐结合起来，寓教于乐，即丰富了体育课，同时还增加了体育课的趣味性。比如一边练跳绳，一边教小学生们说顺口溜，使本来乏味无聊的运动立刻变得生动有趣起来。再如在四五六年级孩子足球课教学时，我由一个球的滚动练习的游戏开始，首先让学生认识正确动作的重要性，感受足球的特点，和踢足球的乐趣，然后进入学习部分，大部分学生一开始就被我所设计的游戏吸引而注意力集中了，兴趣也就激发了。通过学生在练中乐、玩中学、玩中练、使学生的好玩的天性在体育游戏中得以体现。丰富多彩的课堂体育游戏避免了传统体育课的动作练习的枯燥感和单调感，从而激发学生参加体育运动的兴趣，由过去的不爱上体育课，怕上体育课，变得爱上体育课。体育游戏这种方式的适度合理的应用能够使体育教学更具吸引力，使得学生更好地感受体育的精神和魅力，也使学生养成良好的习惯和体育意识，同时培养了孩子的意志和品格，从而实现学生技能提升的同时。体育游戏形式多样，生动活泼。体育教师在选择体育游戏的时候，要根据不同的运动项目，选择合适的体育游戏。体育是少年儿童非常喜欢的体育活动.体育游戏的中心在于玩，在玩中提高学生学习的兴趣，激发学生学习的动力和积极性。游戏教学对学生有很大的吸引力，在游戏的“玩”中，学生愉悦身心，情绪积极愉快，有利于学生身心健康的发展。有利于在玩中达到锻炼身体的作用，同时掌握一定的运动技巧，完成教学目标。

二、创设情境，让课堂充满活力

小学体育课堂教学中教学情境的创设，可以通过游戏创设情境，也可以通过比赛创设情境，教师以语言饱满热情，就会给学生以激励，以鼓舞，给予学生学习的信心。多用一些表扬激励的语言，多用一些肯定的语言，“你能行！你们很棒！你能够做到！”，使学生增强信心，调动学生的积极性。小学体育教学中“情境”运用要把握时机，要充分利用小学生活泼好动的特点，课堂情境创设部分可以通过我们生活中的生产，劳动，以及学习的场景，让学生观察并且模仿各种劳动、运动、活动等，充分发挥学生的想象力并且调动孩子的好奇心。小学生想象能力丰富，他们见到某种事物，便会产生丰富的联想，甚至模仿这些事物的动作或者特点。身为体育工作者的我们可抓住孩子的这一特点，把教学、动作和游戏模仿融为一体，在教师提前预设精心设计的的情境中锻炼。例如在上“找春天”这节课时，学生在老师的启发与帮助下充分发挥自己丰富的想象力，自己主动创造出很多奇妙而有趣的的动作。准备活动是在教师主导作用下完成的，教师的语言饱满热情。就会给学生以激励，以鼓舞。如在耐久跑这个教学环节中，教师可以设计万里长征的游戏环节，既解决了耐力练习的枯燥，又增强了学生学习的趣味性。在教师创设的情境中，学生锻炼了身心，达到较好的课堂效果。在这样的活动中，使学生的智能和体能有机结合起来，在教师预设的情境教学中，吸引学生的主动参与，为基本部分的教学打下良好的基础。总之，小学体育的趣味性教学对于我们农牧区基层学校和我们基层的教育工作者而言能够对体育教学和学生的身体素质培养起到重要积极的推动作用，不但能够激发学生对体育课和体育运动的兴趣，使得学生体育技能得到锻炼的同时磨练了孩子的意志和品格，不但使同学们锻炼了身体，还陶冶了情操，同时开阔了视野，掌握了一些游戏和比赛的规则和技巧。并且可以逐步引导学生逐渐形成一种自觉体育锻炼和关注自身健康的意识，同时掌握一些运动的规律和技巧，保证我区小学体育教学任务的实现和由传统体育教学向体育素质教育的顺利过度。

篇19：刍议初中历史趣味性教学

李长云

（贵州省湄潭县石莲中学）

摘 要：初中历史学科如何适应时代需求，如何夯实学科基础，如何进行趣味性教学，提高学生能力？提高教师素质是前提，改进教学方法是手段，应用多种教学手段是途径，合理利用乡土教材是条件，发挥语言教学的魅力是保证。初中历史教师在提高自身素质的同时，调动教学手段，达到教学过程全优化，圆满地完成素质教育对初中历史教学提出的要求。

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