高二英语复习教案(9)(SB2-units17-18)

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篇1:高二英语复习教案(9)(SB2-units17-18)

一、单元考点提示

1.重点单词

simply majority

throughout possibility

convenient skill

vote possession

meanwhile announcement

absence determine

rude

2.重点短语

make an effort out of work

go off share one’s view

in common get in touch with

on one’s own turn up

be up to by accident

for oneself or rather

3.重点句型

It’s not likely that…

What do you think is likely to happen?

There is need of/for sth.

Two hours is a long time to take over a coffee.

By this time they were a little anxious.

You are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.

4.语法

学习名词性从句作同位语的用法。

复习13~17单元中的语法内容。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.talk of; talk about; talk on

这组词均可以表示“谈”,但程度不同。talk of 只表示“涉及”;talk about 表示谈细节;talk on兼有议论。如:

Talking of Shanghai, have you been there in summer?谈到上海,你夏天在那儿待过吗?

What are you talking about?你们在谈论什么呢?

They are talking on the book.他们在谈论这本书。

2.throughout; all over; all through

本组词都有“遍及、贯穿”的意思,但所接名词不同。throughout后接表示时间和地点等名词。如:

He worked throughout the night and the next day.他工作了整整一夜和第二天一天。

The disease spread throughout the country.这种病蔓延全国。

all over一般接表示地点的名词。如:

Just before he was killed, he sent a message to his comrades all over the country.在他被杀害之前,他把信送给了全国各地的同志们。

all through 一般接表示时间的名词。如;

The light was burning all through the night.灯彻夜亮着。

3.voice; sound; noise

这三个词均指“声音”

voice是可数名词,指人发出的声音。如:

I didn’t recognize John’s voice on the telephone.在电话里我没听出约翰的声音。

We could hear the children’s voices in the garden.我们能听见花园里孩子们的声音。

sound词意最广泛,它包括各种性质的声响,不论大声还是小声,音乐或噪音,有意义的还是无意义的声音均可,多作可数名词。如:

A joyful sound came from the distance. 远处传来欢快的声音。

The door was open, and the sound came from the kitchen.门开着,声音是从厨房传来的。

noise泛指一切在的、杂乱的或令人讨厌的杂声和吵闹声,既指单一的刺耳、尖锐、磨擦的声响,也可指混合在一起不协调的声响,不论是由人或物所发出的,可以是可数的,也可以是不可数的。如:

Loud noise can make people ill.大的噪音能使人生病。

Don’t make such a loud noise.别弄出这么大的声响。

4.store; save; keep

三个词都有“存”的含义。

store是及物动词,“储藏、储存”的意思,一般强调在一个空间范围内的保管和收藏。如:

We had to store all this while we were away. 我们不在家时,得把所有的一切都收藏起来。如:

After harvest we store the grain.收割后我们把粮食存起来。

save既可以是及物动词也可以是不及物动词,可指货币的储蓄。如:

He was out of work, he had saved no money before.他失业了,以前也没有攒下钱。

They are saving for a house.他们正在存钱买房。

keep也有“保存”的意思,与store比较,它并不强调特定的地点和场所,是由“保留”的意思引申而来的。如:

I have kept the old letters all the time.我一直把这些旧信保存了下来。

Will you keep the papers for me?你能为我保存这些论文吗?

5. instead of

instead of是短语介词,意思是“代替、而不”,后接名词、代词、动名词,有时接动词原形、不定式、形容词等。如:

I’ll take that book instead of this one.我要那本书不要这一本。

Instead of putting it off till the next day, he started working right away. 他立即开始工作,不把它拖到明天。

You should give him advice instead of money. 你应给他忠告而不是金钱。

A word of encouragement might have made me respect instead of hating him.一句鼓励的话当可时可能使我尊敬他而不是恨他。

Things are now better instead of worse.目前情况是好转而不是恶化。

We made the trip by train instead of by car.我们是乘火车旅行的,不是乘汽车。

6.determine v.

(1)决心、决定,其后可接动词不定式、从句或on引导的短语。如:

We determined to get the work done before October 1.我们决定在“十一”之前完成这项工作。

Have you determined where you’re going to spend the summer vocaion?你决定在哪儿过暑假了吗?

They determined on an early start.他们决定早动身。

He has determined on going home next week.他决定下周回家。

(2)使……决意,后接不定式或介词短语作宾补。如:

What determined you to accept the invitation?什么原因使你接受这个请帖?

The situation determined him against further delay.形势使他决定不再拖延。

(3)be determined(to do sth.)下定决心;有决心,后接不定式或从句。如:

He was determined to study English well.他下决心把英语学好。

We were determined that we should never allow such things to happen again.我们决定绝不允许这类事情再次发生。

(注意从句运动用should + 动词原形)]

7.be up to

to是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。这一短语有以下几个常用意思:

(1)从事于、忙于,有时含有“密谋干坏事”之意。如:

What is he up to now?他现在在干什么?

He is up to no good.他没干好事。

(2)由……负责,常用It作主语。如:

It’s up to you to decide whether to go or not.是去还是不去由你决定。

It’s up to us to give them all the help we can.我们理应尽力帮助他们。

(3)胜任、适于。如:

He is not up to his work.他不胜任他的工作。

(4)直到、以至。如:

up to now 直到现在

Between the hours of midnight and 6 a.m.,the hurricane crossed the southeast corner of England with winds of up to 160km/h.从午夜时分到清晨6点之间,飓风横扫英格兰的东南角,风速高达每小时160公里。

8. area; district

(1)area表示“地区、区域”,是普通用词,暗示一个较大的,可能是没有清楚界限的地区,不能用来指行政上的地理单位。如:

The old man lives in a mountain area.这位老人生活在山东。

This is a less developed area.这是个欠发达地区。

Most of the large land areas are connected.多数大块陆地是相连的。

(2)district表示“区、地区、区域”,指为行政管理或选举之目的所分的区。在同一城市,各种性质不同的区域也叫district。如:

Where is the District of Columbia?哥伦比亚特区在什么地方?

The old man used to work in the jin-Cha-Ji Military District.那位老人曾经在晋察冀军区工作。

The northeast part of the city is the residential district.这城市的东北部是住宅区。

9. lay the table, lay breakfast

两个动词短语均可作“摆好桌子”解,但各自的确切含意不同:lay the table单纯指“摆桌子(准备吃饭)”,可用于早、中、晚三餐的任何一餐的场合,如:

I only laid the table.我只是摆好了餐桌(准备吃饭)。而“lay breakfast”则很明确地表示“摆桌子(吃早餐)”。如:

I have laid lunch.我已经摆好午餐的桌子了。

He has laid supper.他已把晚餐的桌子摆好了。

10.get in touch with sb.; keep in touch with sb.

这两个相似动词短语的区别是:前者是表示动作性的,作“和(与)某人进行接触”解,如:

Finally Hank and his friend gave each other their addresses and promised to get in touch again with each other when they both returned to the States.最后,汉克和他的朋友互换了地址,并且保证回美国后和对方联系。

而后者表示状态,作“和(与)某人保持着联系”解。如:

Some students keep in touch with me all the time.一些学生一直和我保持着联系。

11. in common, in general, in particular,in short

(1)in common(with)与……有共同处、(和……)一样。如:

They have nothing in common with one another.他们相互毫无共同之处。

(2)in general 大体上、通常、一般说来。如:

In general boys like sports more than girls.一般说来,男孩比女孩更喜欢运动。

(3)in particular= particularly特别、尤其。如:

I noticed his eyes in particular, because they were very big.我特别注意到他的眼晴,因为那双眼晴很大。

(4)in short简单地说,总之。如:

The man, in short,is not to be trusted.总之,那个人是不何信任的。

12.too…to结构

一般情况下“too… to ”表示否定意义“太……而不……”。如:

His brother is too young to go to school.他弟弟太小还不能上学。

The sentence is too difficult for me to translate.这个句子太难我译不了。

但在以下情况,“too…to ”并不表示否定意义。

(1)当too之后跟的是表示主语的态度、情感、心情或倾向的词时(常见的这类词有glad, eager, anxious, happy, ready, nervous, pleased等)。如:

We were too eager to know the result of the exam.我们急于想了解考试结果。

She was too ready to speak.她太多嘴多舌。

He was too anxious to leave.她急于离开。

Sometimes we are too easy to overlook our own faults.有时我们很容易忽略自己的错误。

(2)如果把以上结构中的不定式重复一次,则前一个表示肯定意义而后一个表示否定意义。如:

Such a man is too ready to blame others to blame himself.这种人最爱责人而不责己。

(3)如果在“too...to”结构中含有not或never等否定词时,则表示肯定。如:One is never too old to learn.活到老,学到老。

English isn’t too diffcult to learn.英语并非难得学不会。(或:英语并不难学。)

The girl is too careful not to make any mistakes.这女生很细心不会出错。

Mary is too clever not to believe him.玛丽很聪明不会相信他的。

(4)在too前有only, just, simply, all, but等词时,不定式也表示肯定。如:

The foreign visitors are only too glad to have an opportunity to visit the Great Wall .这些外宾非常希望有参观长城的机会。

The boy is only(just/but)too happy to help other students.这位男生特别喜欢帮助别人。

He knows but too well to hold his tongue.他深知少说为佳。

三、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 2000春)

Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he does_____

his boss.

A.serves B.satisfies C.promises D.supports

分析:B。句意为“因他感觉到他做的没有什么能使老板满意”,只有B合句意。

题2 (上海 2002)

To regain their_______after an exhausting game, the players lay in the grass.

A.forc B.energy C.power D.health

分析:B。此题考查四个选项的词意辨析。force“权力”,health“健康”,只有B项energy有“精力”的意思。

题3 It’s two years since he________ the League.

A.joined B.joined in C.attended D.took part in

分析:A。join以加(组织、团体),join sb.与某人一起(干),join in参加(活动);attend出席;take part in参加(活动)。这里有league,所以选择A。

题4 The stranger said something in a ________ voice and the little girl was very much _________.

A.frightening; frightened B.frightened; frightening

C.frightening; frightening D.frightened; frightened

分析:A。现在分词表示主动,过去分词表示被动,frightening表示使人恐惧的,frightened表示受到恐惧的。所以答案为A。

题5 (上海 2000春)

The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that four fifths of the tickets ________.

A.was booked B.had been booked

C.were booked D.have been booked

分析:B。分数作主语时谓语动词与of后的名词一致,又因book的动作在was happy之前故应用过去完成时。

题6 (NMET 2001)

The film brought the hours back to me________ I was taken good care of him that faraway village.

A.until B.that C.when D.where

分析:C。该题考查引导定语从句的关联词的用法。先行词hours表示的是时间。限制性定语从句可用来修饰一个表示时间的词,如果关联词在定语从句中作状语,通常用关系副词when;如果在定语从句中作主语或宾语,通常用关系代词that或which。此空应填关系副词when,在定词从句中作状语,故答案选C。

题7 He came to an island,__________ he lived for many years.

A.that B.which C.there D.where

分析:D。先确认这是含有定语从句的复合句,逗号之后部分 为非限定性定语从句,从句中不缺少主语、宾语,判断它缺少状语,由于先行词是表示地点的,所以选择D。

题8 I’m interested in __________ happened yesterday.

A.all B.all that C.all what D.that

分析:B。此题考查名词性从句或定语从句,由于从句中缺少主语,所以用what或all that,因此选B.

篇2:高二英语复习教案(12)(SB2-units23-24)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

excellent, wind, strengthen, frequently, recover, smart, distant, lately, get together, all the best, have a word with, in other words, connect with, free of charge, have… on, would like to have a word with sb., bring along, due to, turn into, tire, chain, haircut, pin, secretary, forgive, trick, roll, owe, tear, wish… every success, congratulate…on, invite…to, go on a picnic, get tired of, drop in, have a haircut

2.句型

(1)How a telephone works is a question which not every one can answer.

(2)…and it took a long time before people began to hire or buy them.

(3)I wish you every success in the future.

(5)Now let’s drink to the success of your school!

3.语法

(1)复习名词性从句

(2)复习第19-23单元语法

4.交际用语

(1)There’s no… here.

(2)I’m sorry, I think I dialled the wrong number.

(3)I called to ask/tell you.

(4)I’ll have to ring off now.

(5)I’ve come to say good bye. I’m leaving on Sunday.

(6)I wish you every success in the future.

(7)I’d also like to congratulate you on your good work in these two years.

二、考点精析与拓展

1.lack

lack可用作及物或不及物动词,还可用作不可数名词,有“缺乏,缺少”之意。如:

lack money/courage缺钱/ 缺少勇气;lack(in) experience/ courage缺少经验/勇气;have no lack of...不缺乏;for lack of…因为缺乏。对比:

He is lacking in courage./He lacks courage.他缺少勇气。

The plants died for lack of water. 因为缺水植物枯死了。

[应用]完成句子

①她经验不足,无法获得这项工作。

She________ ______ ______to get the job.

②他们不缺钱,而缺技术工作。

They______ ______ _______ of money but_______skilled workers.

Key: ①lacked,the,experience

②have,no,lack,lack

2.remind,remember

remind表示“提醒,使记起,使想起”,可接复合宾语,that从句或与of连用;而remember意为“记得(做)某事”,主语必须是人。如:

He reminded me to answer the letter as early as possible.

He reminded me that I would answer the letter as early as possible.

他提醒我尽早回信。

This photo reminds me of my childhood.

这张照片使我想起了我的童年。

Do you remember the advice I gave you?

你记得我给你的忠告吗?

[应用]完成句子

①这使我想起我们假日里一同做过的事。

This _______ _______ ______what we did together during our holidays.

②我还记得小时候被带着去北京的事情。

I still______ _______ _______to Beijing when I was a child.

Key:①reminds,me,of ②remember,being,taken

3.表示“祝愿”的几种句型

①名词短语(+to you):Happy birthday to you! 祝你生日快乐。

Best wishes for Teachers’Day.祝教师节愉快。

②All the best.祝万事如意。

All the best with your family.祝全家好。

All the best in your study/business.

祝你学习/事业顺利。

③主语+wish+sb.+名词/形容词

I wish you happy.我祝你幸福。

We wish you greater progres.

我们祝你取得更大进步。

④I hope+that 从句:

I hope you’ll enjoy being with us.

我们希望你和我们在一起很高兴。

⑤部分祈使句也可表祝愿:

Remember me to your family.

代我向你全家问好。

Send best wishes to him.

向他问好。

[应用]选择正确答案

-Have a nice weekend!

-________.(MET’92)

A.The same to you B.You do too

C.The same as you D.You have it too

Key:A

4.have on,have…on

have on 表示“穿着,戴着”,有have on sth.或have sth.,on结构,强调状态,无进行时,但有动词-ing短语形式。have…on表示“有事,有约(会)”。对比:

On Children’s Day,children always have on their new clothes.

儿童节那天孩子们总是穿着新衣服。

I’ve nothing on tomorrow.Let’s go together.

明天我没事,咱们一起去吧。

误:In fact the king was having nothing on.

正:In fact the king had nothing on.

事实上国王什么也没穿。

正:The king having nothing on walked in the front.

一丝不挂的国王走在最前面。

[应用]汉译英

①He has something on this evening.I’ve to go without him.

②He has his uniform on this evening.

5.word 短语归纳

①would like a word with sb.想和某人说句话;

have a word with sb.与某人说句话;

get in a word /get a word in 插话;

in a (one)word总之, 一句话。

②keep one’s word信守诺言,break one’s word失信;translate sth. word for word 逐字翻译;have/get word(that)…有消息说,获得消息,听说;Word has come/came that…传来消息说……;

③have a few words with sb.和某人说几句话;have words(with sb.)争吵,争论;in words 用言语;with words口头上,in other words/in another word换句话说;match words with deeds言行一致;waster one’s words白费口舌;the last words临终遗言;sharp words苛刻的话;soft words甜言蜜语

④[应用]完成句子

①传来消息说中国女子足球队获亚军。

_______ ________ _______the Chinese Women Football Team had won

second place.

②我听说他们昨晚相互争吵起来。

I________ _________ that they_________ _________with each other last night.

6.“条件从句+主句”中的虚拟语气

①与现在事实相反:从句中用动词的过去式(be 多用were),主句中用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。如:

If there were no subjunctive mood, English would be much easier.(84年高考)如果没有虚拟语气的话,英语就更容易了。

②与过去事实相反:从句中用had + 过去分词,主句中用would/ should/could/might + have+过去分词。如:

If my lawyer had been hare last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.(MET’89)

如果上周六我的律师在这里的话,他会阻止我去的。

③与将来事实相反:从句中用动词的过去式或should + 动词原形或were to + 动词的形,主句中用would/should/could/might + 动词原形。如:

If it should rain tomorrow, they would not go there by bike.

如果明天下雨,他们就不骑自行车去了。

[应用]选择正确答案

① You didn’t let me drive .If we _________in turn,you ________

so tired.(NMET’96)

A.dove, didn’t get B.drove, wouldn’t get

C.were driving,wouldn’t get D.had driven, wouldn’t have got

②-If the _______, he_______that food.

-Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.(MET’93)

A.was warned, would not take

B.had been warned, would not have taken

C.would be warned, had not taken

D.would have been warned, had not taken

Key:①D ②B

7.street, highway, road, path

street指位于城镇都市内,路面平整,两旁有人行道和房子的公共通道,highway,指供车辆行使的主要道路或公路,是城市间的主要通道;road指通向某一目的地的任何道路;path指只容人通行的小路,山路。

[应用]阅读下列句子,体会画线词的意思。

①This is the point where two busy streets meet.

②They turnede off the main highway onto a winding earth road.③There is a narrow road from our village to the next one.

④Walk along the path or you may lose your way.

8.lecture, speech, talk, repot

lecture多指学术方面的“演讲,报告”;而speech指在公众面前做的经过准备的较正式的“演说,发言”;talk是一般性的“讲话,谈话”,report指正式的“报告,报道,汇报”。

[应用]英译汉

①give a lecture ②attend a lecture

③make a speech ④give a talk

⑤receive a report ⑥make a report

⑦send in a report ⑧a school report

key:①作演讲 ②出席演讲会 ③发表演说 ④发表讲话 ⑤收到报告⑥作报告 ⑦呈交报告 ⑧成绩报告单

9.不能接双宾语的几个动词

announce, explain, introduce, declare后面不接双宾语,若以人作宾语常置于to后。如:

The president announced to the workers the sad news.

The president announced the sad news to the workers.

总裁向工人宣布了那不幸的消息。

He introduced the new comer to everyone here.

他把新来的那个人介绍给这里的每个人。

report to sb.向某人汇报:report sth/sb.to sb.向某人汇报/告诉。

[应用]单句改错

①The teacher explained his students how to use the computer.

②No one declared us we could not smoke here.

Key:①explain后加to ②declare后加to

10.be due to, due to

be due(to)有“应付给,应到的,预期的”之意,多用作表语,to不定式符号;而due to表示“由于,起因于”时,to是介词,相当于because of。如:

The train is due to arrive at 12.

火车应于12点到。

When is the ship due?

船预定何时到?

The accident was due to careless driving

车祸是粗心驾车引起的。

[应用]完成句子

①那项计划由于资金不足而失败。

The program failed ________ _________lack of money.

②希尔先生预定明天演讲两次。

Mr Hill_________ _________ ________ lecture twice tomorrow.

Key:①due,to ②is ,due, to

11.raise, rise

①raise是及物动词,后接宾语,可用于被动语态。表示把人或物提高到较高的位置(水平),即指具体的物,又用于抽象意义。如:

raise one’s hand/head/eyes/a stone/the flag/one’s pay/ the

price/one’s voice

举起手/抬起头/往上看/举起石头/升旗/提高工资/提价/声音大点。

②rise是不及物动词,不能接宾语,无被动语态,表示“上升,升起,起身,起立,起床,增长”等意义。如:river rise河水涨;price rise 物价上涨;rise from one’s seat从座位上站起来;rise early早起。

短语:raise a shout of joy高兴地喊起;

raise chickens/horses/children/a question养鸡/养马/养育孩子/提出问题;rise up起义,奋起反抗;get a rise /raise增加工资。

[应用]完成句子

①他站在那儿注视着国旗缓缓升起。

He stood there watching the flag_______ ________.

②价格涨到10美元。

The price_________ _________to 10 dollars./The price_______

to 10 dollars.

③不久就能看到蒸气从湿衣服上冒出来。

Soon steam can be seen __________ from the wet clothes.

④他要求老板加薪。

He asked the boss fo_________ ________.

Key:①being, raised ②was raised /rose

③rising ④a, rise(raise)

12.owe

①表示“欠钱,欠债”,用于owe sth.to sb.或owe sb. sth.结构。如:

We still owe over 1,000 yuan to Lao Wang.

我们还欠老王1000多元钱。

②用于引申意义,表示“欠情,感恩,感激,归功于”。如:

I owe thanks to Annie or this priceless gift of speech.

我感激安妮给了我说话能力这个无价之宝。

If I have improved in English, I owe it to my teacher.

[应用]完成句子

①她仍欠裁缝上周做衣服的钱。

She still________ the tailor_________ the clothes she had last week.

②他现在还活着是多亏了你。

He ________ it__________you that he is still alive.

Key:①owes, for ②owes, to

13.excuse, pardon,forgive

excuse“原谅,宽恕”,语气较轻,指对轻微的冒犯、失礼等的原谅;pardon用于正式场合时意为“赦免”,也有“原谅,对不起”之意,语气最重;forgive指免除某人犯错误或违法承担的后果,或不追究其应受责备的行为。三个词都常与for连用,表示“原谅某人……”。

[应用]汉译英

①请原谅我迟到了。

②我永远不会原谅你昨天晚上说过的话。

Key:①Please excuse we for being late.

②The court pardoned the man who had broken the law for a certain reason.

③I’ll never orgive you for what you said to me last night.

14.expect, wait

二者均有“等待”之意,但有不同。expect侧重心理状态,因而可译为“期待,期盼”, 是及物动词;而wait指行动,有“不干别的事专门等”之意,是不及物动词。对比:

They are busy with prepartions, expecting the foreign guests.

他们忙着准准备,期待着外宾的到来。

Holding little flags, the children are waiting for the foreign guests.

孩子们手拿小旗,在等待外宾的到来。

[应用]完成句子

①她很久没有儿子的消息了,因而期待着他的电话。

She hasn’t heard from her son for a long time, so she _______

telephones from him.

②他正等着要和你说句话。

He ________ ________ to have a word with you.

Key:①expects ②is ,waiting

15.congratulate, congratulations

①congratulate是动词,作“祝贺、庆祝”解时,必须以被祝贺的人作宾语,构成:congratulate sb. on sth./doing sth.表示“祝贺某人……”。另外:congratulate oneself表示“庆幸,感到幸运”。如:

We congratulated him on his success/his having succeeded.

我们祝贺他的成功。

I congrtulated myself on having escaped unhurt.

我因自己幸免于难而感到幸运。

②congratulation是名词,多用作复数形式。注意下列用法:

Congratulations!(单独使用)祝贺你!

Congratulations on your success对你的成功我表示祝贺。

Congratulations to everybody!祝贺大家!

Please accept my congratulations on your birthday.

请接受我对你的生日祝贺。

[应用]选择正确答案

We offered him our congratulations_________his passing the college entrance exams.(MET’93)

A.at B.on C.for D.of

16.常用“(should)+ 动词原形”的几个句型

①动词+宾语从句中。这类动词是:一个坚持(insist);一个命令(order);两个建议(suggest, advise)三个要求(desire, demand, require)。如:

The teacher desired that she(should)not give up her idea.

老师要求她不要放弃自己的想法。

②It is/was + 上述动词的过去分词+that从句中。如:

It’s suggeste that the job be done in another way.

有人建议用另一种方式做这项工作。

③It is /was + important/necessary/strange/a pity + that主语从句中。例如:

It’s necessary that you should be present at the discussion.

你很有必要参加这次讨论。

④suggestion, order, request, idea等名词后的表从句和同位语从句中。如:

The boss gave orders that the work be started at once.

老板下令马上开始这项工作

My request is that you(should)make an apology to your teacher.

我的要求是你向你的老师道歉。

[应用]单句改错

①I insist that a doctor must be sent for immediately

②My suggestion is that you will listen to the CCTV English news

every day.

Key:①改must为should ②改will为should

17.effort短语归纳

make the greatest effort 做最大努力;make great efforts尽最大努力;make a special effort作出特殊努力;make an effort to do sth.努力做某事;make every effort to help you尽力帮助你;make one last effort作最后的努力;make no effort不努力;spare no efforts to do sth.不遗余力去做某事;with(an)effort艰难地;without effort轻而易举地;in an effort努力。

[应用]完成句子

①他身体很强壮,可以轻易地提起那个重箱子。

He is strong enough to lift the heavy box _________.

②我们会不遗余力地阻止他们采取这一步骤。

We will ________ _______ _______to prevent them from takingthis

step.

③他艰难地游泳,为的是救出那个孩子。

He swam with difficulty________ _________ _______ ________ save

the boy.

④我不会努力去帮助这样的人。

I’ll ________ _________ _______ to help such a person.

Key:①without,effout ②spare, to ,efforts

③in, an, effort, to ④make, no, efforts

18.动词 + about

read about读到有关的内容;know about了解;learn about得知有关……;hear about 听说过;forget about 忘记有关……;talk about 谈论;argue about争论;chat about闲谈;tell about讲述有关……;think about考虑;write about写有关的……;joke about拿……开玩笑;worry about为……担心。

[应用]汉译英

①我已在报纸上读到了有关这次事故的情况。

②这件事我几乎忘了。

Key:①I’ve read about the accident in the newspaper.

②I almost forget about this matter.

19.tear短语归纳

tear out撕下,扯下,拔起;tear up 撕碎,拔起(后一词义同tear out);tear down撕下,拆毁,tear at撕扯某物;tear sth.open把……撕开;tear sth.to(into)pieces把……撕成碎片。

[应用]完成句子

①这本书的前几页被人撕掉了。

The first pages of this book were ________ ________by someone.

②很多树被大风拔起了。

Many trees were________ ________by the strong wind.

③她一看完就把信撕碎了。

She _________ _________ the letter the moment she had read it.

④工人们把旧房拆了,在原址建起了新房。

The workmen__________ _________the old house and built a new

one in its place.

Key:①torn, out ②torn, out(up)

③tore, up ④tore, down

三、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 2001)

The home improvements have taken what little there is _________my spare time.

A.from B.in C.of D.at

分析:C。该题考查介词用法。由于受in one’s spare time短语的影响,此题易误选B。此题的最佳答案是C。of在此表示“……中的部分/全部”,与名词little连用,little of my spare time意思是“仅有的业余时间”。该句为一个含有感叹式宾语从句的主从复合句,连接代词what连同所修饰的在从句中作主语的名词little提到从句之首。“a little of + 不可数名词”表示肯定,意为“一点,少许”;little前无冠词,表示否定,意为“少到几乎没有”。

题2 (上海 2000)

what he said just now _________me of that American professor.]

A.mentioned B.informed C.remind D.memorized

分析:C。句中需要的动词应该用于“v. + sb. + of sth.”结构中,A、D不能用于此结构。sb. inform sb.of sth.某人通知(报告)某人某事,不合句意。

题3 (NMET 1999)

Your performance in the driving test didn’t reach the required standard

-__________,you failed.

A.in the end B.after all

C.in other words D.at the same time

分析:C。本题考查介词短语作为连接性附加状语的用法。从题干看,选项之后是对前面所说内容的解释,in other words表示“换句话说、也就是说”,故为最佳答案。

题4 (NMET 1999)

John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out__________he phones.

A.as long as B.in order that

C.in case D.so that

分析:C。in case 引导条件状语从句,意为“万一,若,以防”,其引出的从句常用陈述语气。

题5 (上海 2000春)

I shall stay in the hotel all day _________ there is news of the missing child.

A.in case B.no matter C.in any case D.ever since

分析:A。in case 作连词引导条件状语从句,意为“万一,以防。”

题6 (NMET 2000)

I don’t think I’ll need any money but I’ll bring some _________.

A.at last B.in case C.once again D.in time

分析:B。in case可以位于句尾,相当于一个副词词组。

题7 (NMET 2001)

It is generally believed that teaching is _______it is a science.

A.an art much as B.much an art as

C.as an art much D.as much an art as

分析:D。该题考查语序。题干是一个含有主语从句的主从复合句,it作形式主语,that引导的主语从句置于句子后部。在这个主语从句中,又含有一个as…as引导的比较状语从句,表示相同程度的比较。第一个as是副词,修饰形容词或副词,强调程度。当某些副词如so, as, too, how等用来修饰名词前的形容词时,不定冠词放在该形容词之后,名词之前。后一个连词as引导比较状语从句。答案为D。

题8 (NMET 2001)

The warmth of ________ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of_________wool used.

A.the ;the B.the ;不填 C.不填;the D.不填;不填

分析:B。该题考查冠词用法。第一空应填定冠词the, 定冠词用在单数可数名词前表不类属这一概念而不表示特指。第二空应不填冠词,物质名词在用来表示一般概念时,通常不加冠词,B为最佳选项。

篇3:高二英语复习教案(2)(SB2-units3-4)

一、单元考点提示

1.重点单词

handshake agreement

Asian guest

custom proud

manner disagree

comfortable nod

wave fist

manage distance

composition type

juice rose

check magazine

fix hand

rail chief

event immediately

develop add

lorry weekly

suitable speed

daily

2.重点短语

take…for example 以……为例

accept…as 认为……是

kiss sb.goodbye 吻别

obey the customs 遵守习俗

keep a certain distance 保持一定的距离

face to face 面对面地

take a photograph 照……相

get down 开始(认真做某事)

as well as 也,又

be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎

work on 从事

3.重点句型

What (How)about…?

make oneself understood

while表对比

either…or;not… but…

They are said to be very good.

There is no more time left for adding new stories.

4.交际英语

Can /shall I help you?

Would you like some help?

Would you like me to do…?

Where is the best place to meet?

Shall we meet at six?

What time shall we meet?

Do you know what they are?

5.语法

部分否定;

with + n. + 补足成分构成独立主格结构;

动词不定式作主语时的形式主语it;

疑问词后跟动词不定式;

动名词作主语和宾语。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.manage vt.经营;设法;对付

She managed the house very well.她把家管理得很好。

We managed to finish the work ahead of time.

我们设法提前完成了任务。

I shan’t be able to manage without help.

没有人帮助,我无法办到。

[辨析] manage to do sth. /try to do sth.

manage to do sth.强调已达到目的或出现了结果,含“成功”之意。try to do sth.意为“试图或尽力做某事”,多表示一种企图或决心,而不表示一定成功。如:

we’ve managed to make up for the lost time.

我们设法把失去的时间补了回来。

He tried to pass the examination,but failed.

他努力想通过考试,但没成功。

2.pleasure n.荣幸;愿意

It’s my pleasure to help you.愿意为你效劳。

It’s a pleasure for me to be invited to the party.

应邀参加晚会我深感荣幸。

3.

You can take it for example that he always helps the old.

你可以把他帮助老人这件事作为一个例子。

Take Peter as an example, he is brave and kind.

以彼得为例,他既勇敢又善良。

4.not…but … 不是……而是……

Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.

莎士比亚不是音乐家而是作家。

Not the students but the teacher is hoping to visit the Great Wall.不是学生而是老师希望去参观长城。

He can’t read or write in English,but can speak English fluently.

他不能读英语和写英语,但能流利地说英语。

They neet not money but time.

他们所需要的不是钱,而是时间。

5.[辨析] for example / such as

for emample 用来举例说明,例子通常是一个。它可放在所举例子的前面,也可放在后面;such as 用来列举事物,只能放在所列举的事物的前面。另外,只列举有代表性的事物,并不全部列出。如:

Some students are often late for school, Li Ling ,for emample .

有些学生上学经常迟到,例如李玲。

He can speak several foreign languages, such as English, Janpanese,

German and so on.

他会说好几种外语,比如英语、日语、德语等。

6.distance n.距离;远处

When they finish their talk, the two may be quite a distance from the place where they were standing.当谈话结束时,两个人离他们原来站的地方可能有相当一段距离了。

The waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.

在两英里外就能听到这瀑布声。

Hills are blue in the distance.远处的山呈蓝色。

The lion looks dangerous, so I decide to keep a distance away from it.狮子看起来很危险,所以我决定离它远点儿。

What’s the distance between Beijing and Shanghai?

北京到上海之间的距离是多少?

7.[辨析] chief/ main

两者都有“主要的”、“首要的”之意,但有区别。

chief 主要用于人,表示“为首的,有最高地位或权力的”。

main一般说明事与物,可指某些具体的或抽象的东西。如:

He is the chief policeman. 他是警长。

This is our main teaching building. 这是我们的主教学楼。

8.[辨析] event/ accident/ incident

event一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故,特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说,显得不很重要,指“小事件”,它还可以用来表示“事变”,如叛乱、爆炸等。如:

The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events.

广播员正在播报时事新闻。

He was badly injured in the traffic accident.

在那起交通事故中,他严重受伤。

There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the conductor.

那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个人和售票员打了起来。

Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?

你听说过“西安事变”吗?

9.fix vt.安排;修理;准备;安装;固定

We have fixed the time and date of the party.

我们已经确定了聚会的日期和具体时间。

Something has gone wrong with my tape-recorder. I must have it fixed.

我的录音机坏了,我得请人修一下。

Mother decided to fix them something to eat.

母亲决定给他们准备点吃的。

It’s not polite to fix your eyes on others.

盯着别人看是不礼貌的。

It is necessary for a child to form the habit of fixing his attention on/ upon what he is doing.

孩子养成专心做事情的习惯是很有必要的。

10.[辨析] work on/ work at

work on与work at可通用,表示“忙于……”。但在work on sth.中,sth是work的具体对象;而在work at sth.中,sth. 只说明所从事工作的性质,即时间、精力用在某一方面的事情上,而不在于说明正在做什么。如:

He is working on/ at a novel.

他正在专心写一部小说。

They have worked at this subject for many years.

他们从事这项课题的研究已经好多年了。

Bob worked hard on organizing other singers to sing for him for free.鲍勃积极地组织其他歌唱家为他义务演唱。

11.[辨析] take photograph of/take photograph for

take photograph of 表示拍照的内容。 take photograph for 表示拍照的目的。如:

He took some photographs of these beautiful flowers.

他拍了一些这些美丽的花的照片。

He took some photographs for the foreigners.

他为那些外国人拍了一些照片。

12.[辨析] as well/ as well as

as well 表示“也”,是副词短语,用作状语,通常放在句末,也可放在主语之后,相当于too,但一般无标点符号与句子隔开.as well as 通常看作一个复合并列连词,连接两个成分相同的词、短语或句子,表示“既……又……,不但……而且……”当它连接两个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与第一个主语保持一致。如:

The children learn to read, write and they play games as well.孩子们学习读书写字,他们也做游戏。

With television,we can see a picture as well as hear sound.

利用电视,我们既能听到声音,又能看到图像.

Tom,as well as his parents,likes pop music.

汤姆以及他的父母都喜欢流行音乐。

8。[辨析] besides/except/but

besides用作介词时,表示“除……以外还有”之意,即所除去的东西要包括在内。用作副词时,表示“此外,而且”

except表了“除……之外”所除去的东西不包括在内。

but只能用在no,all,nobody,anything,anywhere等词之后。

如:Besides knowing some Greek,she was fluent in Italian.

她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。

Do you play other games besides tennis?

除网球之外,你还进行其他的运动吗?

It wasn’t a good hotel;besides,it was very expensive.

这不是一家好旅馆,况且房价也很贵。

Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.

哈利森什么事情都考虑到了,惟独没有考虑到天气。

Under the soil there is nothing except/but sand.

土壤下面只有沙子。

三、精典名题导解

题1(NMET 2000)

_________production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.

A.As B.For C.With D.Though

分析:C. production 之后为up,它是一个副词,for不能位于句首且常引导原因状语从句。A、D不适于“介词+宾语+宾补”这一结构。

题2(NMET 1997)

I would love_____________to the party last night.But I had to work extra hours to fnish report.

A.to go B.To have gone

C.going D.having gone

分析:B.动词不定式的一般式to go表示动作发生在谓语动词之后;to have gone是动词不定式的完成式,表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。这里有“愿做某事但未做成之意”。

题3(上海 1999)

She can’t help___________the house because she’s busy making a cake.

A.to clean B.cleaning

C.cleaned D.being cleaned

分析:A.此题的句意是:她不能帮忙打扫房子,因为她忙于做蛋糕。can’t help cleaning是“忍不住要打扫”,与下文矛盾。

题4(NMET 1999)

The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.

A.not make B.not to make

C.not making D.do not make

分析:B.空白处以后部分与to make life easier为并列成分,因此后面也用不定式。

题5(NMET 1999)

Robert is said___________abroad,but I don’t know what country he studied in.

A.to have studied B.to study

C.to be studying D.learning

分析:A.从studied in可知不定式的动作指过去,应用完成时。

题6(NMET 1997)

She __________his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.

A.looked up B.took for

C.picked out D.picked up

分析:A.句意为“查阅电话号码”。

题7(上海 1997)

-What do you think made Mary so upset?

- __________her new bicycle.

A.As she lost B.Lost

C.Losing D.Because of losing

分析:C.从问句看,问的是made的主语。上述选项中只有动名词可作主语。

题8(上海 2001春)

When you turn on the TV set ,clear picture will______________appear on the screen.

A.rapidly B.hurriedly

C.lately D.immediately

分析:D.“立即,马上”指时间。相当于soon。

篇4:高二英语复习教案(3)(SB2-units5-6)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

line appearence

set storm

film director

siage bury

uncertain lifetime

search wooden

mouthful excite

manager honour

particular silent

act shape

ring collection

bank material

cheaply pack

hide shame

penny coin

trade silver

possible mine

whenever whatever

afford

2.句型

set off 动身,启程

in a hurry 匆忙地,很快地

have on 穿着,戴着

pick out 挑出

in(one’s)search 寻求;寻找

bring up 教育;培养

so far 至目前为止

hand out 分发

here and there 到处

look through 仔细查看

sooner or later 迟早

pick up 收集;买到

plenty of 大量的

date from 始于……

mix…with… 把……和……搅拌(混合)

trade with sb. 与某人做买卖

3.语法

be of this kind

One of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed.

What a pity/ What a shame…

It’s a pity that…

It’s great fun…

be of +(大小、形状、重量、新旧、颜色等)名词

4.交际英语

What do you do?(表示询问职业)

Could you…?(表示请求)

电话用语:遗憾的表达方式。

二、考点精析与拓展

1. search;search for; look for

(1)search指“搜查某地或搜身”,其宾语可以是房屋、人身、衣袋等名词。如:

They searched their homes without any reason.他们毫无理由地搜查了他们的家。

They searched him but found nothing.他们搜了他的身,但没有找到什么。

(2)search for 则指“搜寻、搜索某人或物”。如:

They searched for him everywhere.他们到处搜寻他。

The police searched the wood for the lost child.警察在树林里寻找走失的孩子。

试比较:They searched his clothes.他们搜查了他的衣服。(看是否藏有东西)

They searched for his clothes.他们在搜寻他的衣服。(要找到衣服)

另外,search也可用做名词,in search of “寻找、寻求”是个常见短语。如:

The boys went in search of something to eat.孩子们去找东西吃。

(3)look for意为“寻找”,同search for意义大体相同。但search for 意味较强,用很大注意力搜寻。而look for则较为通俗,常用于日常用语。如:

I looked for my missing pen everywhere.我到处找我丢失的那支笔。

2. be certain…; be sure

be uncertain about意思是“对……不确定(没把握)”

uncertain的词根是certain,意思是“确信的,有把握的”,常用于以下结构:

(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.“肯定会做……”(表示某事将要发生)。如:

He is certain(sure) to come next Sunday.

(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.“确信、有把握”(表示某个人的思想状态)。如:

We are certain/ sure of victory.

(3)名词从句作主语时,一般多用certain.

It is certain that he will come.

3. “喜欢”的表示方法

英语中,表示“喜欢”的动词或词组有若干个,它们的语气强弱不同,有重有轻,意思也不完全一样,下面分别举例说明:

(1)love 意为“热爱”,指引起深厚的、强烈的感情的爱,并有一种依附意,语气最重。如:

His mother,whom he loved deeply,died when he was only a small boy.他深深爱戴着他的母亲,当他小的时候,她与世长辞了。

I love doing comedies .我喜欢演喜剧。

(2)be fond of 表示“喜欢” “热爱”,也表示对某人或某事有感情,语气次于“love”。如:

Ants are fond of sweet food.蚂蚁喜欢吃甜食。

I’m fond of this child.我喜欢这个小孩。

(3)care for意为“喜欢、对……有兴趣”。如:

The girl cares much for new clothes.这个女孩很喜欢新衣服。

They do not care very greatly for art.他们对艺术不是很感兴趣。

(4)like意为“喜欢”,指不反感,但不引起强烈的感情和迫切的愿意,反义词为dislike.如:

Do you like reading?你喜欢阅读吗?

I like to read in bed.我喜欢在床上看书。

(5)enjoy意为“欣赏”“喜欢”,具有满足感,如:

I enjoy foreign music.我喜欢外国音乐。

Most students enjoy asking questions in English.大部分学生喜欢用英语问问题。

(6)go in for“喜欢(做某类事)、有某种习惯或做法”。如:

What sports do you go in for?你喜欢哪些体育运动?

We don’t go in for that sort of thing.我们不喜欢那种事情。

4. 用不定式或动名词意义不同

(1) 有些动词+动词不定式或动名词,意思上没有区别。如:begin,start,like,love,prefer,hate,continue等。

Do you like playing(to play) chess?你喜欢下棋吗?

I prefer making(to make) an outline before I make a speech.我喜欢讲话之前先拟一个提纲。

但有时这些动词后用动名词表示一般倾向,用不定式表示特定的一次动作。如:

I like reading novels, but don’t like to read this novel.我喜欢看小说,但不喜欢看这一本小说。

(2)有些动词后 + 动词不定式或动名词意义不同。

①remember to do something记住做某事(动作未发生)

remember doing something记得做过某事(动作已发生),如:

I must remember to close the window when I have the room.我必须记住在我离开房间时把窗户关上。

I remember closing the window when I left the room.我记得离开房间时我已关上了窗户。

②forget to do something忘记做某事

forget doing something已做过某事但忘记了,如:

Don’t forget to turn off the light.不要忘了关灯。

He forgot posting the letter for me, though he really did.尽管他替我寄了信,但忘记了。

③regret to do something对要做的事感到遗憾

regret doing something对做过的事后悔,如:

I regret to tell you that you failed in the exam.我遗憾地告诉你考试没有及格。

He regrets saying that to her.他很后悔对她讲那件事。

④try to do sth.尽力/设法做某事

try doing sth.试着做某事,如:

We must try to finish it on time.我们必须尽力准时完成它。

Why not try doing it in a new way?为什么不试着用新的办法来做它呢?

⑤mean to do something打算做某事

mean doing something意味着,如:

What do you mean to do with it?你打算怎样对付它呢?

My words don’t mean hurting you.我的话并不意味着伤害你。

⑥stop to do something停下原来做的事,开始做另一件事

stop doing something停止正在做的事,如:

He stopped to talk with the teacher.他停下来和老师谈话。

He stopped talking with the teacher.他停止了和老师的谈话。

⑦go on to do something做完某事改做其他事(或在做某事过程中停了一段时间后继续做该事)

go on doing something继续做一直做的事(中间未停顿),如:

He went on to show us how to do it in a different way.他接着又教我们用另一种方法做这件事。

He went on talking as if nothing had happened.他若无其事地继续讲下去。

⑧can’t help(to)do something不能帮助做某事。

Can’t help doing something禁不住要做某事,如:

I couldn’t help(to)finish your homework.我不能帮你完成作业。

When the mother saw her lost son, she couldn’t help crying.当母亲看到她失而复得的儿子时,情不自禁地哭起来。

⑨另,consider sb.to be/to have done把……看做;认为,consider后为不定式的,复合结构时,to be可省略。

consider doing something考虑做某事,如:

We consider Lincoln(to be) a great man.我们都认为林肯是个伟人。

I consider him to have passed the exam. 我认为他已通过考试。

⑩另,be afraid to do something不敢做某事

be afraid of doing something害怕做某事,如:

They are afraid to tell me the truth.他们不敢告诉我真相。

The students are afraid of breaking glass.学生们害怕打碎杯子。

5. as;which引导定语从句异同

as, which 都能引导限制性或非限制性的定语从句。

(1)在引导限制性定语从句时;

①which从句修饰的先行词是名词(词组),which可与that换用,作宾语时可省去。如:

Then grow some tomatoes in one box which has plant food in the soil and some in another box which doesn’t.

But the studios(which)he started are still busy today,producing

more and more interesting films.

②as从句的先行词是the same/such或被the same/such修饰;as可作主、宾、表语,一律不可省略。如:

Many of the sports were the same as they are now.(as作表语)

He uses the same map as I (use).他和我用的是同一份地图。(as作宾语)

Such as beautiful park as is being built was designed by two young engineers.正在建造的如此漂亮的公园是由两个年轻的工程师设计的。(as作主语)

The printed newspaper was not such as the chief editor had expected. 印好的报纸并非如主编原来所期望的那样。(as作宾语)

(2)在引导非限制性定语从句时,as,which都可作主、宾、表语,都不可省去。

①which从句补充说明先行词的用途、性质、状态、特征等。如:

At present,the biggest nature park for milu deer in China is in the Nanhaizi Milu Park,which is about 20 kilometres south of Beijing.(位置)

China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut

the costs of making the newspaper.(用途)

One of Charile Chaplin’s most famous films was“The Gold Rush”,which was made in 1925.(时间)

Now, however,the maters of this great lake,which is also the

World’s deepest(over 1,740 metres),have been dirtied by waste

from a chemical factory.(特征)

②which从句还可表示说话人的看法,也可对主句作意义上的补充;which=and it/ this/ that/ they;which代表的是先行词、主句或主句的一部分;which从句只能放在先行词或主句后。如:

He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and it)is not true.他说她会四门外语,这是不可能的。(说话人看法,which代表宾语从句部分)

比较:He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and that)surprised every one of us.他说她会四门外语,这使我们每个人都很惊讶。(补充主句,which 代表主句)

③as也可代表先行词、主句或主句一部分。但as有“正如”的意义,其从句可放在主句前或后,如:

The Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge,as we all know, was compl-

eted in 1969.我们都知道南京长江大桥,它建成于一九六九年。(as代表先行词)

To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.(如)你们许多人(所做的那样)对事实视而不见是愚蠢的。(as代表主语部分)

6. would like; should like

(1)两个短语均指“想要……”,与want同义,但would(should)like的语气较want婉转或客气。

(2)would like 可用于各种人称;而should like则主要用于第一人称。例如:

He would(不用should)like to be a doctor.他希望当大夫。

We would(不用should)like to hear your views about it.我们想听听你对这个问题的看法。

(3)在疑问句中常用would like,而不用should like。例如:

What would you like for breakfast?你早饭想吃什么?

(4)这两个短语常常简略为’d like,后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式,不接动名词。例如:

Would you like to leave a message?你要不要留话?

误:Would you like leaving a message?

(5)在省略回答中,would like to 中的to 不可省略,只省略to后面的词语(但be 除外)。例如:

①-Would you like to join us tonigh?

-Oh, I’d like to (join you),but I have a friend to see off at the station.

② -Would you like to be a singer?

-Yes,I’d like to be (a singer).

7. shape;form; figure

这组名词都有“形状”的意思。

shape 着重指人或物等的比较具体的整个外形,不太正式;form指有实体结构和看得见的某种特殊形状或是抽象的形式;figure指物时,侧重指轮廊,指人时,着重指姿态。如:

Coins may be of different sizes,weights, shapes, and of diff-

erent metals. 硬币可能大小、轻重、形状不同,铸造的金属也可能不一样。

The shape of Italy is like a leg.意大利国的形状像一条腿。

Change these sentences into the Present Perfect Passive,putting the verbs into the correct forms.用动词的正确形式将下面的句子变成现在完成时的被动语态 。

Ice,snow and steam are forms of water.冰、雪、蒸气是水的几种形态。

You can see the tall stone figures and visit the temples of the gods.你可以看到那些高大的石雕像,参观那些神殿。

这组名词也可当动词用,shape意为“使什么东西具有某种具体的外

形”,常有“塑造”等具体意义;form指通过协商、组织等形成某种习惯、计划或组织等,一般相当于“形成”;figure通常指象征某事物。

8.be of…结构小结

(1)be of + 表示年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(color)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形状(shape)、种类(kind)和方法(way)等名词,说明主语的特征,of表示“具有”之意,有时可省去。例如:

They are both of middle height.他俩都是中等个儿。

When I was of your age, I was a teacher.当我是你这个年龄时,我当老师了。

These flowers are of different colors.这些花朵颜色不同。

Tom is of a different way of thinking.汤姆的思维方式与别人不同。

注意:此结构中,如果of后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an,则a/an=the same.例如:

The two boys are of an/the same age.这两个男孩同龄。

These bottles are of a/the same size.这些瓶子大小一样。

(2)be of + 物质名词,表示主语是由某材料制成或某成分构成,相当于be made of, be built of或be made up of等。例如:

The necklace is(made)of glass.这项链是玻璃制的。

The bridge is (built)of stone.这桥是由石头构筑的。

Our class is (made up)of over 50 students. 我班有50多个学生。

(3)be of + 抽象名词(如value, importance,use, help等),of表示“具有、具备”等意思,of不能省,这一结构相当于be+该抽象名词相应的形容词。例如:

They are of great help/ very helpful to learners of English.他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。

In fact, sports and games can be of great value/very valuable.事实上体育运动是很有价值的。

The book is of no use/useless to us.这书对我们无用。

It is of great importance/very important to study English.学习英语很重要。

因此,根据上述(1),(2)点可以看出,课文句中第一个be of 结构表示“具有”,第二个be of(承前省去be)表示“由……制成的”。全句汉语意思为:“硬币的大小、重量、形状可能各不相同,并由不同的金属制成。”

9. whatever用法小结

whatever 是一种用法较特殊的代词,兼有连接词和关系词的作用,主要有以下三种用法:

(1)引导主语从句和宾语从句,意思是“凡是……的事物(=anything that)”.

Whatever I have is yours.我所有的东西就是你的。(主语从句)

Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford.到邮票销售处去把你能买得起的邮票都买下来。(宾语从句)

She would tell him whatever news she got.她会把所听到的任何消息都告诉他。(宾语从句)

Talk to me about whatever is troubling you.把任何使你烦恼的事都对我谈谈。(介词宾语从句)

whatever在这类从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。

(2)引导状语从句,多表示让步,意思是“不管什么、无论怎样”。如:

Don’t change your plans, whatever happens.无论怎样,你都别改变计划。

Whatever I am, it’s useful to know foreign languages.无论我做什么工作,懂外语总是有用的。

So don’t lose heart, whatever you do。因此无论你做什么,都不要丧失信心。

Whatever the old man was like, most of his scientific work was sound.无论那位老人怎么样,他大部分的科研工作是好的。

You have to go on,whatever difficulties you meet.无论你遇到什么困难,你都必须干下去。

Whatever在这类从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语、定语等。

这类句中的某些成分还可以省略。如:

The country is always beautiful whatever the season(is).无论哪个季节,这个国家总是很美。

10.感叹句表达方式

感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句,现一并归纳如下:

(1)What 引导的感叹句

What 用做定语,修饰名词,其引导的感叹句句型结构为:

①What+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

What an orphan he is!他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊!

②What+a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

What a beautiful voice she has!她的声音多美啊!

③What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!如:

What kind doctors they are!他们是多好的医生啊!

④What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:

What good news it is!

(2)How 引起的感叹句

How 用做状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其引导的感叹句句型结构为:

①How+形容词+主语+谓语!

How clever you are!

②How+副词+主语+谓语!

How well she dances!

③How +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

How good a student he is!

④How+主语+谓语!如:

How the teachers worked!教师们工作多么努力啊!

⑤How+many(few)+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语!如:

How many books you have read!

⑥How much(little)+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:

How little money the coat cost!

(3)“What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型可转换为“How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型。如;

What a clever boy he is!

How clever a boy he is!

(4)感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略,以“What+名词!”或“How+形容词!”的形式构成。如:

What a fine student!

What mountains!

How wonderful!

How brave!

(5)其他形式的感叹句

有时候,可不用what和how来表示感叹,而用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句,甚至一个词或词组来表示感叹。如:

She is such a nice girl!她是一个多好的姑娘啊!(陈述句)

Who do you think you are!你算老几!(疑问句)

“Stop the train! Stop the train!”(祈使句)

Wonderful!(一个词)

Happy New Year!(词组)

三、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 1995)

When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.

A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken

分析:C。因句意表达的是“铅笔部分放于水中”所出现的状态,即“看上去像折掉了一样”,所以空白处应用虚拟语气。

题2 (NMET 1997)

The two strangers talked as if they _______ friends for years.

A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been

分析:D。从talked一词可知是过去情况的虚拟形式。

题3 The sun is the centre of the universe, __________ we all know.

A. for B. as C. that D. what

分析:B。as可以引导非限制性定语从句,经常与know连用,as代替前面一句话,即,先行词是一句话。

题4 He paid the boy washing ten windows, most of _________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.

A. these B. those C. that D. which

分析:D。从句中的逗号可以判断,横线上缺少一个关系代词引导定语从句,that不能作介词宾语。

题5 (NMET 2000)

These wild flowers are so special that I would do__________I can to save them.

A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

分析:A。句中I can后省略了do.即应为I can do to save them, do后没有宾语,所以应用whatever,意为“任何事情、不论什么”。

题6 (上海 2002)

There’s a feeling in me_________We’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever.

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

分析:A。that的先行词是a feeling in me ,是一个定语从句。

题7 It’s no use _______the small matters again.

A. discuss about B. to discuss

C. discussing D. having a discussion

分析:C。It’s not use doing sth…做某事没有用。

题8 Very few can_______ the difference between the two words.

A. speak B. say C. tell D. talk

分析:C。四个选项在词意上有区别。speak(讲)和say(说)均为不及物动词;tell(告诉)为及物动词;talk(谈话)为不及物动词。tell和can或can’t 连用,表示“分辨”。

篇5:高二英语复习教案(4)(SB2-units7-8)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

settle, struggle, freeze, exploit, refer, block, average, be famous for, a great deal of, make use of, clear up, from time to time, tell the difference between, tell…from…,generally speaking, sound/look strange, the second largest, struggle against, all the year around, refer to, live on, settle down, breath, injure, lay, wound, safety, wherever, quantity, ought to, take it easy, first aid, muth-to-mouth, deal with, running water, out of one’s reach, hold up, throw up, stay still, give first aid, lie on one’s back, out of reach, get sb. to do sth., by mistake, pay attention to, leave her where she is.

2.句型

(1)You mean it looks strange!

(2)I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.

(3)The population of Canada is…

(4)As in China,the weather is different from area to area.

(5)I think she must be injured.

(6)Leave her where she is.

(7)Repeat this as often as necessary.

(8)Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder.

(9)If anyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.

3.语法

(1)学习主谓一致的用法

(2)复习情态动词must和should的用法,学习ought to的用法

4.交际英语

(1)A lof of people can’t tell the difference between…

(2)Are there many differences?

(3)What do you mean by…

(4)I’m sorry, I don’t quite follow you.

(5)Do you use American or British spelling?

(6)American spellings are used more and more in Canada now.

(7)We must carry her to the side of the road.

(8)You should/ shouldn’t

(9)I ought to go home.

(10)Don’t try to get up.

二、考点精析与拓展

1.drop用法归纳

drop可用作名词“滴”;用作不及物动词“掉下,滴下”;用作及物动词“使掉(滴)下”。如:

a drop of blood一滴血;drop by rop/in drops一滴一滴地;drop from the tree从树上掉下来;drop to the ground 落在地上;drop the letter into the mailbox把信投进信箱;drop a handkerchief/stone掉下手帕/石头

习语:drop in 顺便拜访;drop in on sb.顺便走访某人;drop in at his school顺便拜访他的学校。

[应用]完成句子

①我看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。

I saw an apple______ _______ the tree.

②他们这样做是搬起石头咂自己的脚。

In doing so they are lifting a rock to _______ ________on their

feet.

③你路过的话,千万要来。

Do _______ _______ if you happen to be passing.

Key:

①drop,from ②drop, it ③drop, in

2.average短语归纳

average 可用作名词,表示“平均数,一般水平”,也可作形容词,表示“平均的”。如:

the average of the pay平均工资;above/below the average平均以上/以下;

the average age of the girls姑娘的平均年龄;

the average temperature平均气温;

on(an,the)average平均起来

[应用]完成句子

①这个厂的工人平均每月收入700元。

_________ _________,one worker in this factory gets 700 yuan

every month.

②他的功课一般以上。

He is_________ _________ in his lessons.

Key: ①On, average ②above, average

3.reach sth./reach for sth.

(1)reach sth.表示“够得着某物”,reach是及物动词。如:reach the top of the shelf够得着架子顶部;reach the apple on the tree够得着树上的苹果。

(2)reach for sth.表示“伸手(脚)去够某物”,其中的reach是不及物动词。亦可替换成reach out for sth.或reach out one’s hand(foot)for sth.,意义相同。

(3)reach还可用作不及物动词表示“延伸”。如:The woods reach as far as the river.树林子延伸到河边。

(4)短语:reach an agreement达成协议;

beyond/out of one’s reach够不着,力所不及;

out of the reach of sb.某人够不着;

within one’s reach够得着,力所能及。

[应用]完成句子

①他伸手去够树枝,但是够不着。

He ______ ______ the stick but could not_______it.

②你最好把吃的东西放在小孩够得着的地方。

You’d better have the food _______the boy’s ________.

Key:①reached, for, reach

②within, reach

4.表示态度、语气的短语归纳

generally speaking一般说来;strictly speaking严格说来;honestly speaking诚实地说来;personally speaking就我个人而言;exactly speaking准确地说来。to tell you the truth说实话;to be honest老实说;believe it or not信不信由你;judging from his appearance从他的相貌来说

[应用]完成句子

①严格说来,加拿大英语和美国英语并不完全一样。

_______ ________,Canadian English is not just the same as

American English.

②老实说我不赞同你的想法。

_______ _______ ________,I can’t agree to your idea.

③一般地说,青年人喜欢流行音乐。

___________,young people enjoy pop music.

Key:①Strictly,speaking

②To,be,honest

③Generally, speaking

5.如何表示“不同,区别”

1)tell the difference between A and B.说出A和B的区别;辨别A和B

2)tell A from B.区别、辨别A和B

3)What’s the difference between A and B?A和B什么不同?

4)There be some differences between A and B.A和B 之间有不同之处。

5)A be different from B.A和B不同

6)make sb./sth.different from使某人/物不同于……

7)do sth. differently from…做起某事与……不同

8)make no difference无关紧要

[应用]完成句子

①我几乎讲不出这两个单词之间的区别。

I can hardly_____the difference________ these two words.

②绵羊和山羊有什么不同?

________ ________ ________between a sheep and a goat?

③哪一边赢对我都不重要。

It _______ ________ ________ to me which side may win.

④你确实很富,但这并不能使你不同于别人。

You are rich indeed, but that doesn’t _________ __________ __________ ________ __________.

⑤事实和他所说的大不一样。

The fact _______quite________ _________ what he said.

⑥你能分辩出她和她的姐姐吗?

Can you _________ her________her sister?

Key:①tell, between

②What’s,the,difference

③makes,no, difference

④make, you,different,from,others

⑤is,different,from

⑥tell,from

6.现在分词、过去分词用作状语

现在分词作状语,主句的主语是分词动作的执行者,它可以表示原因、时间、条件、方式和伴随等;而过去分词作状语,主句的主语是分词所表示动作的承受者。用作状语的分词一般可改换成状语从句。例如:

①Being too old, he couldn’t walk that far.

(原因状语,替换:Because he was too old…)

②Working in the factory, we learned a lot from the workers.

(时间状语,替换:When we worked in…)

③Standing on the building,you can see the whole city.

(条件状语,替换:If you stand…)

④Many trees had been blown down by the high winds, blocking

roads, paths and railway lines.

许多树被狂风刮倒,把大小道路、铁路线阻塞了。

(结果状语,替换:…and blocked roads…)

⑤One woman was lying in bed,listening to the rushing winds.

一个女人躺在床上,静听着疾驰而过的大风。

(结果状语,替换:…and she was listening…)

⑥Children usually count the numbers using their fingers.

(方式状语,替换:…by using…)

⑦Helped by my friends, I smoothed away all the difficulties.

(原因状语,替换:As I was helped by…)

⑧Given enough time we can improve our work.

(条件状语,替换:If we are given…)

⑨The professor came into the classroom, followed by his assistants.

(伴随状语,替换:…and he was followed by…)

注意:A.分词短语用作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。如:

误:Seen from the space, I find the earth blue.

正:Seen from the space,the earth looks blue.

正:Seeing from the space, I find the earth blue.

B.表示时间关系的分词短语可由while,when引出。如:

While reading the book,he nodded from time to time.

Be careful when riding a bike in the street.

C.当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时,可使用独立主格结构。如:

Weather permitting,we’ll go out for a walk.

(替换:If weather permits…)

With his work done,he went to play sports.

(替换:When his work was done…)

[应用]选择正确答案

①__________a reply,he decided to write again.(MET’92)

A.Not receiving B.Receiving not

C.Not having received D.Having not received

②The secretary worked late into the night,________a long speech for the president.(MET’91)

A.to prepare B.preparing C.prepared D.was preparing③________more attention, the trees could have grown better.

(MET’90)

A.Given B.To given C.Giving D.Having given

④__________in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.(NMET’96)

A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose

Key:①C ②B ③A ④C

7.ordinary, common

二者都有“普通的,平常的”的意思,但侧重点不同。ordinary侧重表示“外表平凡,平平常常”;而common指“普遍存在,经常碰到”。对比:

in ordinary dress穿着平常的衣服;

in an ordinary way以通常的方式;

an ordinary – looking man相貌平常的人;

an ordinary event平常的一件事;

common excuse常用的借口;

common knowledge常识;common people普通人,老百姓;

have a bathroom in common合用洗澡间。

[应用]完成句子

①那是一首普通的舞曲。

It was a piece of______dance music.

②这种天气在南方是很常见的。

This sort of weather is quite _________in the south.

③这弟兄两个没有什么共同之处。

These two brothers have nothing ________ _________.

Key:①ordinary ②common ③in common

8.freeze,freezing,frozen

freeze是动词“结冰,凝固”;freezing可用作名词“冰点”,用作形容词“冰冷的”,用作副词“极冷地”;frozen既是freeze的过去分词形式,也可用作形容词,表示“冷冻的”。对比:

Water freezes below freezing. 冰点以下时水结冰。

It was freezing cold that morning.那天早晨非常地冷。

The roads are frozen in places.路上多处结冰。

[应用]英译汉

①above/over freezing

②freezing weather

③be frozen to death

④give sb. a freezing cold

⑤freezing machine

⑥frozen meat

⑦I’m frozen,so I can’t write

⑧I’m freezing,so I’ve to put on a heavy coat.

Key:

①零度以上 ②很冷的天气

③被冻死 ④冷冷地看某人一眼

⑤制冷机 ⑥冻肉

⑦我冻坏了,不能写东西了。⑧我觉得冷极了,我得穿件厚大衣。

9.refer to, refer…to

1)refer 可用作及物动词,用于refer… to,表示“将……提交给”。如:

refer this problem to the school把这个问题提交学校;

refer the matter to the United Nations.将这件事情提交联合国

2)refer表示“谈到,涉及;查阅,参考,指”时是不及物动词,需用refer to结构。如:

The book which you referred to is not in the library.

你所指的那本书不在图书馆。

His report refers to the situation in the Middle East.

他的报告谈到中东的形势。

短语:refer to the map/one’s notes/the dictionary

查阅地图/参考笔记/查字典

注意:look up word in the dictionary 查字典

对比:refer to 指语言、内容与某人(物)有关;而point to表示用手指向某人(物)。如:

I didn’t know whom she was referring to.

我不知道她指的是谁。

She pointed to the map and explained to the students.

她指着地图给学生做出解释。

[应用]完成句子

①我在加拿大时,一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。

A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in

Canada.

②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。

The two countries. _______the matter _______the United Nations.

Key:①referred,to ②referred,to

10.clear

(1)用作形容词,表示“清楚的,明白的”。如:

in a clear voice以清楚的声音;

be clear about sth.对……清楚,明白;

be clear to sb.对某人来说很清楚;

make one’s meaning clear 说明自己的意思;

注意两个句型:A:make it clear that…声明,说明;B.It’s (was)clear that…很明显(清楚)……。

(2)用作动词,表示“清除,清理,使干净”。如:

clear one’s room/a table/a street/the desk

整理房间/收拾桌子/清扫大街/整理书桌;

clear away the dishes/waste把餐碟收走/把垃圾清除

(3)clear up 的三个意义:

A.表示“清理,收拾,解决”。如:

The dustmen were busy clearing up the snow on the road.

清洁工正在清除路上的积雪。

This book has cleared up many problems for me.

这本书给我解决了许多难题。

B.表示“(天气)转晴”。如:

It’s snowing now, but I think it will clear up soon.

现在正在下雨,但是我想天气很快会晴的。

C.表示“露出喜悦的心情”。如:

Her face cleared up as she read the letter.

她看信的时候面露喜色。

[应用]完成句子

①她对下一步干什么十分清楚。

She is _________ _________what to do next.

②很清楚敌人是不会放弃他们的计划的。

________ _______ _______that the enemy wouldn’t give up their

plan.

③他明确表示他要离职。

He _________ _________ ________that he would leave office.

④在离开办公室以前,请把你的桌子整理一下。

_________ ________your desk before you leave the office.

Key:①clear,about ②It, is, clear

③make , it clear ④Clear,up

11.on+身体部位

lay the person on one’s back让这个人仰卧着;

lie on one’s back/stomach/side仰卧/趴着/侧着身躺着;

sleep on one’s side 侧身睡;

stand on one foot 一条脚站着;

stand on one’s head倒立

[应用]完成句子

①她趴在床上,哭个不停。

She ______ _______ ______ ______in the bed,crying all the while

②你想倒立几个小时是很不容易的。

It’s difficult for you to _____ ______ ______ ______ for several hours.

Key:①lay, on, her, stomach

②stand,on, your,head

12.deal with,do with

1)二者都可表示“对付,应付,处理,安排”,但deal是不及物动词,可与how连用;而do是及物动词,只与what连用表示上述意义,不能单独使用。对比:We don’t know what to do with the waste materials./We don’t know how to deal with the waste materials.

我们不知道怎样处理这此废料。

What’s the best way of dealing with thieves?

对付小偷最好的办法是什么?

(此句中的deal with不可替换成do with)

2)deal with还可表示“论述,涉及到;与……相处”等意义,而do with 无此用法。如:

The books dealing with Asian problems sell well in colleges.

论述亚洲问题的书在大学里很畅销。

That man is easy to deal with.这个人容易相处。

[应用]完成句子

①你是怎么处理这类事情的?

_________did you deal with matters of this sort?

What did you ________ _________matters of this sort?

②我们要处理的棘手事太多了。

There are too many difficulties for us to _________ ______.

Key:①How/ do,with ②deal, with

13.still

1) 用作形容词,意为“静止的,不动的,平静的”。

如:keep(stay) still保持不动;lie(stand)still躺着(站着)不

动;a still lake/evening平静的湖/寂静的夜晚。

2)用作副词,表示“还,仍旧”,可以修饰形容词、副词比较组。如:

be still busy仍然很忙;win still greater success取得更大成功。

3)辨析still,quiet,silent;still侧重“一动不动”,quiet指“安静”,无动作,无声音,无骚乱,其反义词是noisy(吵闹的、喧哗的);silent指不出声,不说话。对比:sit still坐着不动;Be quiet,and the class will begin.请安静,马上就要开始上课了。

Hearing the answer,be was silent for a minute or more.听了回答之后,他沉默了一两分钟。

[应用]完成句子

①他个子高,他哥哥更高。

He is tall,but his brother is _________ _________.

②我已经考虑了几个小时,但仍然不能决定。

I have been thinking for hours, but I ______can’t decide.

Key:①still, talker ②still

14.hurt,wound

二者都有“受伤”之意,但含义有所不同。

Wound指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等,尤指战争、战斗中受伤。而hurt既指肉体上的也指精神上的伤害,含强烈疼痛意味。如:

be badly wounded in the battle 战斗中受重伤;

wound sb.to death 使某人受伤致死;

hurt one’s back摔伤了后背;hurt one’s feeling伤害某人的感情;be hurt by his words被他的话所伤害。

注意:A.wound可用作名词:

have a wound in the chest胸部受伤;

receive a serious wound受重伤;the wounded伤员。

B.hurt还可用作不及物动词,表示“疼痛难受”对比:

The girl fell off her bike. She hurt one of her legs hurts.

姑娘从自行车上掉下来,有一条腿疼得厉害。

[应用]完成句子

①这位战士头部受了伤.

The soldier ______ ______ _____in his head./The soldier ______

_______in the head./The soldier head ______ ______.

②他们说我的那些话使我很伤心。

I was rather__________by what they said about me.

③我右腿疼。

My right foot ________.

④他的伤似乎是很重。

It seemed that he _________badly_________.

Key:①received,a, would/was, wounded/was wounded

②hurt ③hurts ④was, hurt/wounded

15.happen句型归纳

(1)happen to do sth.(主语常为“人”),意为“碰巧。恰好”。to 后可用不定式的一般式to do,完成式to have done进行式to be doing如:

You happened to be out when I came to your house.

我到你家时,你正好出去了。

She happened to have just finished reading the book.

碰巧她刚刚读完那本书。

The two salesmen happened to be quarrelling when the manager entered.

经理进去时两个售货员碰巧在吵架。

(2)It(so)happen that…“(如此)碰巧,恰好”。如:

It happens that he is a teacher of English.

恰好他是位英语老师。

It so happened that he was going that way too.

如此碰巧的是他也往那边走。

注意:句型1)和2)可互换,如:

I happened to have no money with me./It happened that I had no money with me.

我碰巧身上没带钱。

(3)happen to sb./sth. “某人/物出事,发生了……情况”。

如:What has happened to your hand?你的手怎么了?

Be careful not to let anything happen to that child.

小心别让那个孩子出任何事。

[应用]选择正确答案

①-We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.(MET’91)

-What do you suppose __________to her?

A.was happening B.to happen

C.has happened D.having happened

②They happened to _______for Tianjin when we got there.(MET’)

A.leave B.have left C.leaving D.had left

③If anything __________you,let me know.

A.is happened to B.is happening

C.happens on D.happens to

Key:①C ②B ③D

16.几个易混的否定形式的情态动词

①mustn’t/must not表示禁止,意为“不准,不能”。如:

We mustn’t waste time when we are young.

年轻时我们决不能浪费时间。

②needn’t/need not表示没必要,意为“不必”,相当于don ’t have

to如:

You needn’t worry about your son’s health. He is well looked

after.

你不必担心孩子的健康,他被照顾得很好。

It’s early;you don’t have to hurry,还早,你不必匆忙。

③can’t/can not表示否定猜测“不可能,不会”或表示能力上达不

到。如:

He can’t be in the library.

他不可能在图书室里。

She can’t swim,can she?

她不会游泳,是吗?

④may not表示否定猜测“可能不,或许不”。如:

He may not be at home at this time of the day.

这个时候他有可能不在家。

[应用]选择正确答案

①You_______return the book now. You can keep it till next

week if you like.(MET‘88)

A.can’t B.mustn’t

C.needn’t D.may not

②A computer ______think for itself;it must be told what to do.

(MET’91)

A.can’t B.couldn’t

C.may not D.might not

③Johnny,you _________play with the knife;you _______hurt

yourself.(MET’96)

A.won’t ,can’t B.mustn’t,may

C.shouldn’t, must D.can’t,shouldn’t

Key:①C ②A ③B

17.breathe,breath

1)breathe是动词,可及物也可不及物。如:

breathe hard 费力地呼吸;

breathe into one’s mouth向某人嘴里吹气;

breathe dust/fresh air吸进灰尘/呼吸新鲜空气;

start one’s breathing让某人呼吸起来。

2)breath是名词。如:

take a deep breath深吸一口气;

take breath喘口气;休息一下;

hold one’s breath屏住气;

lose one’s breath喘不过气来;

out of breath 上气不接下气,气喘吁吁;

注意:out of sight 看不见;out of order出故障;out of question没问题;out of control失去控制;out of danger脱离危险;out of work失业

18.mistake短语归纳

1)用作名词:by mistake由于差错;make mistakes 出错;make no mistake没出错;correct one’s mistake改正错误;recognize one’s mistake承认错误;make mistake about sb./sth.误会(解)某人/事

2)用作动词:mistake one’s meaning误解某人的意思;mistake sb./sth.for错当成,误以为是……;be mistaken 弄错,错误的。

二、精典名题导解

题1 (上海 2001)

Time will _________ whether I made the right choice or not.

A.seee B.say C.know D.tell

分析:D。tell意为“辨别”。

题2 (NMET 1998)

They ___________the train until it disappeared in the distance

A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.observed

分析:B。题干中until it disappeared in the distance 表明“他们在注视着火车,直到它在视野中消失。”see(be able to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are);watch (look at and pay attention to something that is happening;);notice(see,hear,or feel something);observe(see and notice sth.)从上面内容可知答案为B。

题3 (上海 1994)

Either you or the headmaster__________the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.

A.is handing out B.are to hand out

C.are handing out D.is to hand out

分析:D。句中表按预定的计划做某事,而hand out 不是表示“出发、动身”等意的瞬间动词,因此不能用现在进行时表示将来时,不能选A或C。另外either…or + 主语 + v.结构中的动词单复数形式应与靠近的主语一致。

题4 (上海 2002)

It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen

C.should fall D.were to fall

分析:B。虚拟语气。

题5 (MET 1992)

We _________last night,but we went to the concert instead.

A.must have studied B.might sutdy

C.should have studied D.would study

分析:C。从but一词表示转折来看,前句应与后句相反,所以前句应为“过去本应做的事,而未做。”

题6 (NMET 1995)

It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___________be here at any moment.

A.must B.meed C.should D.can

分析:C。题干中有be expected to,或具有一种对现在的推测意味,可用should.

题7 (NMET 1994)

I told Sally how to get there,but perhaps I________for her.

A.had to write it out B.must have written it out

C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out

分析:C。此题表示“过去本应该做而未做”。

题8 (NMET 1998)

-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.

-They ________be ready by 12:00.

A.can B.should C.might D.need

分析:B。此题表示对未来情况的推测意味。

篇6:高二英语复习教案(5)(SB2-units9-10)

一、考点精析与拓展

1.die out 熄灭;绝种;逐渐消失。如:

①The fire died out .火灭了。

②That talkative man’s voice died out.那个健谈的人的声音渐渐地听不见了。

2.the + 形容词(分词)表示一类人的用法。

常见的短语有:

the old(young; rich; poor; learned; living…).如:

The living should carry out what the dead unfinished.

活着的人(后人)应该把前人未竞事业进行到底。

3.no more than①(=noly)仅仅,不过。②两者都不。如:

①What can I do, I’m no more than a citizen.

我能怎么样,我只不过是个平民百姓。

②Tom is no cleverer than Jack.汤姆和杰克都不聪明。

但是:not more than 表示A 不如B(……)或不超过。如;

①My English is not better than yours.

我的英语不如你的好。

②I think you are not more than twenty years old.

我想你不满二十岁吧。

4.关于there be句型:①是一种倒装句式,be后的主语要和be在数上保持一致。如:

There is a pen, two books and some other things on the table.桌上有一支笔,两本书和一些其他的东西。

②there be句型有完成式there have(has)been;有将来式there is

going to(will)be。

③there be句型中可加情态动词。如:

I am sure there used to be a shop near here.我肯定在这附近以前有家商店。

④there be句型中有的be,还可以用其他词表示“有、存在”,there live(一般跟人,有……一个人),there stand(指物,树、高楼之类),there lie(物,如一片土地等)。如:

There stand many tall buildings in our school and there lies a large wheat field in front of it.

我们学校里耸立着许多高楼,校门口是一大片麦田。

5.insist表示“坚持要求(某人或主语本身)干某事。”;suggest 表示“建议”,以及order, demand, request, advise…,这些动词后的宾语从句常用虚拟语气形式。

即主语+(should)+动词原形+……,should常可省略。如:

He insisted that he(should)be sent to the poorest place to work。他坚持要求派他去最贫穷的地方工作。

agree with sb.(sth:表意见、看法等的名词)

6. agree to sth.(表示安排、计划之类的词)

agree on sth.(一般表示原双方共同商讨以后达成协议的名词)]

如:I don’t agree with you to this arrangement, but perhaps, after a discussion we will agree on this project.

我不赞同你在这件事的安排,但或许在协商之后我们可以就这个工程达成共识。

7.①be fit for适合于

This job is fit for you.这份工作适合你干。

②主语+be + fit + to do sth.如:

Nobody is fit to take his place.没有合适的人接替他。

③(物,衣物之类)+fit+sb.表示衣帽之类适合某人,合身。

The shirt does not fit me well.这件衬衫不太合我的身。

8.in place/out of place在原处;在合适的位置。

①You should keep everything in place.(=in order)

你应该把所有的东西都放好。

②What you said is somewhat out of place.你的话有些离谱了。

9.lose one’s sight(way; life; work;reason)分别表示:失明;

迷路;牺牲;失业;失去理智等。如:

His son lost his life in the fighting.他儿子在战斗中牺牲了。

10.put sb. to the trouble(of doing sth.)给某人添麻烦,使某人为做某事而为难,trouble是不可数名词。如:

They didn’t want to put me to the trouble of meeting them at the station.他们不想麻烦我去车站接他们。

11.be after追寻;追捕;找……

12.do sb. a favour或do a favour for sb.给某人帮个忙,如果有to do sth.则常用。

do sb.the favour to do sth.如:

①I wonder if you can do me a favour?我不知道你能不能帮我个忙?(没有说干何事)

②Please do me the favour to open the door, I want to go

out.

麻烦你给我开一下门,我要出去。

13.very当形容词用时,意思为“正是,恰好是……”如果有定语从句则常用that 引导。如:This is the very book(that)I’m after.这正是我要找的书。

14.make…to one’s own measure“依照某人的尺寸做……”如:

This coat is made to you own measure,I’m sure it will fit you nicely.这件大衣是你订做的,我想肯定很合身。

to当介词用,“依照、按照”如:

She is dancing to the music.她在随音乐节拍跳舞。

15.depend on(=rely on)依靠;依赖;以……而定;取决于……。如:

①Whether you will succeed or not depends on how hard you

work.你是否成功得看你努力的程度。

②I don’t want to depend on my parents any longer.我不想再依赖父母了。

16. do up 收拾(东西)。整理、梳装打扮、系(扣)好……

①He was so hurried that he did up his buttons wrongly.

他太着急了以致于扣错了纽扣。

②She spent a long time doing up her hair.她花了很长时间把头盘起来。

二、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 1999)

They not only make it difficult to sleep at night , but they are__________damage to our houses, and shops of historical interest.

A.doing B.raising C.putting D.producing

分析:A。该题考查固定搭配。do damage to对……造成损坏。

题2 (NMET 1994)

The first text books__________ for teaching English as foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A.having written B.to be written

C.being written D.written

分析:D。write 与the first textbooks之间存在被动关系,表结果。

题3 (NMET 1996)

___________in thought , he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A.Losing B.Having lost C.Lost D.To lose

分析:C。大多数过去分词含有“被动”和“完成”双重意义,有的过去分词只含有“完成”意义,有的则“被动”“完成”意义均没有。be lost in 意为“全神贯注”,它既无“完成”意义,又无“被动”意义,为一个固定词组。

题4 (上海2002)

Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases________only to people with specific knowledge.

A.being known B.having been known

C.to be known D.known

分析:D。本题考查的是过去分词表被动的用法。known相当于that are known .

题5 (NMET 1993)

In some parts of the world, tea________ with milk and sugar.

A.is serving B.is served C.serves D.served

分析:B。serve意为“上菜、开 饭、斟酒”是及物动词。

题6 (上海 2002)

-You forgot your purse when you went out.

-Good heavens,__________.

A.so did I B.so I did C.I did so D.I so did

分析:B。so sb.do(does),表示“确实那样做了”之意。而so do sb.表示“某人也那样做了”之意。

篇7:高二英语复习教案(7)(SB2-units13-14)

一、单元考点提示

1.单词

A advance, bend, besides, except, content, continue, invite, marry, prove, puzzle, receive, accept, respect, support, when, while

B connect, dozen, mention, personally, question

2.短语

A as a result of, ask for, be fond of, by the time, go on with, how much, lead to, learn…by heart, stick to, work out.

B as far as, carry out, in space, look into, not only…but also, with the help of, with+object+prepositional phrase

3.句型

1.“主语+谓语动词+it+宾语补足语(名词或形容词)+不定式短语”

2. see sb. doing sth.看见某人做某事

3. It + appears/seems + that – clause.

4. I feel like doing sth.

5. I’d like to do sth.

6.I want/intend/wish/plan to do sth

7.It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.

考点精析与拓展

I.单词和词组

1.stick

(1)vt.;vi.粘住;离不开;坚持

Einstein stuck to his theories and went on with his work.爱因斯坦坚持他的理论并继续工作下去。

(2)n.枝条;棍,手杖。

Professor Zhang walks with a stick.张教授拄着手杖走路。

2.prove vt.;vi.证明;结果是;证明是。

①Again history proved them wrong.历史再次证明他们错了。

②I can prove that he never tells a lie.我能证明他从不说谎。

③The method proved(to be)highly effective.这个方法证明是非常有效的。

3.content

(1)n.内容;目录

He always reads the contents of a book first of all.他读书总是先从目录看起。

(2)adj.满足的;甘心的

Are you content with your work?你对你的工作满意吗?

(3)vt.使(某人)满足。

The little boy contented himself with a new toy.那男孩有了新玩具就满足了。

4.respect

(1)vt.尊重;重视;遵守。

①You should respect the teachers.你们应尊敬老师。

②Everyone must respect the law.人人都应守法

(2)n.尊敬;请安;问候。

①We have been told to show respect for our elder.父母教导我们必须尊敬长辈。

②My father sends his respects to your parents.我父亲向你父母问好。

5.lend to 引导;导致。

①Labour leads to happiness.劳动使人幸福。

②Where does this road lead to?这条路通向哪里?

③His carelessness led to his failre.他的粗心导致失败。

6.be full of…→be filled with…充满…

①The classroom was full of students.教室里挤满了学生。

②Her eyes were full of tears.她眼泪汪汪的。

7.work out算出;解决。

①Can you work out how much money it will need?你能算出需多少钱吗?

②I’ve worked out the problem.我已解决了这个问题。

8.take sides(in)袒护;站在……一边。

①They took the side of their child.他们袒护自己的孩子。

②She has taken sides in the quarrel.她参与了争吵。

9.question

(1)n.问题。

①Let me ask you a question.让我问你个问题。

②He has decided tha question.他解决了这个问题。

(2)vt.质问;询问。

①He was questioned by the teacher.他受到老师的质问。

②I question the truth of the story.我怀疑这个故事的真实性。

10.connect vt.; vi.连接;联系。

①He connected the two speakers to (with)the recorder.他把两个喇叭同录音机相连。

②Many people connect China with the Great Wall.许多人把中国与长城联系在一起。

11. attempt

(1)n.尝试;企图。

①He made an attempt to learn to ski.他尝试着学滑雪。

②He failed in attempt at climbing up the mountain.他企图爬上这座山,却失败了。

(2)vt.尝试;企图。

①She attempted to learn Japanese.她试图学习日语。

②The prisoner attempted an escape.那犯人企图逃走。

12.keep out of = keep sth.(sb.)out of不使入内;不牵涉进去。

①Warm clothing will keep the cold out.保暖的衣服可御寒。

②Keep out of their quarrels.不要参与他们争吵。

13.tell A from B →tell difference between A and B.

①Can you tell the difference between the two words?你能辨别这两个单词间的不同吗?

②It’s hard to tell one twin from the other.双胞胎很难分辨。

14.dozens of几十;许多。

①She bought dozens of dresses.她买了许多衣服。

②I’ve borrowed dozens of books for my daughter.我为女儿借了许多书。

II.句型

1.Einstein lived the rest of his life quietly in the USA.爱因斯坦在美国安静地度过了他的余生。

live…life过着……生活

live a hard life过着艰苦的生活

live a happy life 过着愉快的生活

live a quiet life过着安静的生活

live a miserable life过着悲惨的生活

The working people are living a happy life now.劳动人民过着幸福的生活。

2.As a result, it appered to scientists on earth that the stars had moved.因此,地球上的科学家看来,恒星好像是移动了。

句型:It appears/seems(to sb.) +that-clause.看来/似乎是……

①It appears to me that something is wrong.我看好像有点不大对头。

②It appears that he will the prize.看来他会得笑。

3.Einstein.who was a Jew, found it impossible to continue living in Germany.

爱因斯坦是一个犹太人,他发现他不可能在德国继续生活下去了。

句型:主语+动词+it+形容词或名词+不定式短语

此句型中,it 作形式宾语,常用于句型中的动词有find,feel, think, consider, make等。

①I found it quite pleasant to work with him.我发现和他一起工作很愉快。

②He feels it his duty to help others.他感到帮助别人是他的责任。

4.I feel like going to a museum.我想去博物馆。

feel like…想(做某事);愿意。

I feel like a drink. Have you got any beer?我想喝点东西,你俩有啤酒吗?

5.First, it must be very light, the lighter,…首先,它必须很轻,越轻越好,……

句型:the + 形容词或副词比较级,the + 形容词或副词比较级(越……,就越……)

①The more, the better.越多越好。

②The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.他们越说,就越感到鼓舞。

③The more he thought about it, the less he liked.他对这个考虑越多,就越不喜欢。

6.The problem with looking into space from the earth is that there is a lot of dust in the earth air.从地球上观察太空存在一个问题,这就是地球的大气中有着大量的尘埃。

with在句中的含意:就……来说。

①With many of the poor, hunger is a constant problem.食不果腹是许多穷人经常存在的问题。

②The problem with these men was that they had no knowledge.这些人的主要问题是他们没有知识。

三、精典名题导解

题1 (MET 1992)

It worried her a bit _________her hair was turning grey.

A.while B. if C.that D.for

分析:C。该题考查主语从句的连接词,句中it指主语从句,因意义完整,所以只需要起连接作用的连接词that.

题2 (NMET 1996)

_________we can’t get seems better than________ we have.

A.What; what B.What; that

C.That; that D.That; what

分析:A。get和have之后都无宾语,故都应填what。

题3 (NMET 1996)

___________we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where

分析:B。主语从句表示的是不肯定的意义,故不能选择C。从意义上看,D不合句意,又因whether能引导主语从句,而if不能。

题4 (上海 2002)

-Will yo go skiing with me this winter vacation?

-It __________.

A.all depend B.all depends

C.is all depended D.is all depending

分析:B。本题是固定用法。It all depends.“看情况而定”。

题5 (高考改错题)

Who can walk in the space?

分析:去掉the. space 作“空间,太空”讲,不与the 连用。space表示具体的空白处、空地等时(即有修饰语修饰space时),它应与冠词连用。

题6 (上海 2002)

One may to understand thousands of new words is to gain _________ good knowledge of basic word formation.

A./ B.the C.a D.one

分析:C。知识为不可数名词,但当在knowledge前加上修饰语时,需用“a”。

篇8:高二英语复习教案(8)(SB2-units15-16)

一、单元考点提示

1.重点单词

quarrel fasten

hall affair

delay nail

furnitdure sailor

bathe time

captain beg

beach dive

drown navy

vast surface

various float

partly merely

pole huge

occur treasure

voyage load

2.重点短语

have/take a seat pay a visit to…

again and again call on/at

see to pick up

from that moment on in silence

break into without delay

do well make up one’s mind

at a time by weight

come up cross out

leave out make up

take in

3.重点句型

It’s time I went and picked up my little girl from school.

No doctor would have noticed.

The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.

He is doing well in the navy.

Take a deep breath and I’ll time you.

Seen from space, the earth is blue.

This is because two thirds of the earth is made up of vastn oceans.

It takes 80 years for Mediterranean water to be changed with…

4.交际英语

Please remember me to…

have a good time/journey…

I’m afraid I have to go now.

It is time that I went an picked up my little girl from school.

It is /was very kind of you to do sth.

I wish we did/could…

5.语法

复习过去分词作定语和状语的用法。

学习省略句的用法。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.pay a visit to sb.(place)拜访某人,看望某人,访问某地。如:

President hu will pay a state visit to Japan.

2. There is no doubt about it.意思是“毫无疑问、肯定、无疑”可以和“I’m sure that…”换,也可和It’s clear that…换。如:他们在那个城市访问了一周。

There is no doubt that the rain will last long=I’m sure that…=It’s clear that the rain will last long.

而(肯定)毫无疑问(很显然)要持续下去了。

注:I have no doubt that… doubt当名词用,分别用that、

I have some doubt whether…

Whethere引导同位语从句。

I don’t doubt that…

I doubt whether… doubt 当动词用,分别用that、whether引导宾语从句。

3.①have a good time(day,weekend)祝某人过得好,注意要用不定冠词a,可以用enjoy yourself换用。如:

Did you have a good time at the party?

宴会上玩得开心吗?

②have a hard time. 过得不顺心,度日艰难。

有时,可以用have a hard life换,但have a hard time in doing sth.意为“费力地……,艰难地……”可以和“have difficulty(trouble)in doing sth.”换用。如:

Life was very hard for us then(= We had a hard time then.我们当时生活很困难)and we often had a hard time in finding a new job.并且常常很难找到新工作。

4.see to “处理、照顾、负责”根据不同情况与别的形式换用。如:

①Who is seeing to the baby?

(= Who is in charge of the baby?)(= Who is taking care of the baby?)谁在看小孩呢?

②I want to find a person to see to my washing machine, it does not work.

我得找人检修一下洗衣机,它出故障了。

另外:

see sb.througn帮助某人度难关,摆脱困境

see sb. off 给某人送行

see sb. out送某人出门(引出门)

5.“该干……,是干……的时候了,……的时间到了”常用下列几种形式:

for sth.

(It’s time for class.该上课了)

It’s time + for sb.to do sth

(It’s time for us to leave我们该走了)

(that)主语+过去式+其他。

(It’s time we went to sleep now.我们该睡觉了)

区别:It’s the + 序数词 +time that + 主语 + 完成式从句,表示“是某人第几次干……”。如:

It’s the first time that I have been in China.我是第一次来中国。

6.dare say敢说(可和:be sure that换)。如:I’m sure that you broke the

window. = I dare say that you broke the window我敢说(肯定)是你把窗子打碎的

7.复习由break构成的短语:

break into 破门而入,闯入……,偷……

break out爆发(常用fire, war作主语);突发……

break away from 挣脱、改掉、革除……

break through突破防线等

break①vi,断裂坏了 ②vt,把……折断,破坏,打破。如:

We got there, it had broken.

我们赶到时,天已大亮了。

Who broke the glass?谁把杯子打碎的?

8.be supposed to do sth. = should do sth. = ought to do sth.应该做……如:

You are supposed to come here on time你们应该准时到。

另外:suppose意为“假如、猜想,认为”常跟宾语 + 补语。

Now, let’s suppose(that) A equals B

现在我们假设A等于B。

如: We suppose him (to be) the best

singer in our school

我们都认为他是我们学校歌唱得最好的。

9.wish后的宾语从句形式常用虚拟语气形式

would + 动词原形

从句主语+ 动词过去式

had + 过去分词

he would come on time.(将来情况的假设)

he were here now.(现在情况假设)

如:I wish they had finished the task on time

(last week)(对过去情况的假设)

另上:wish 还可以用

①主+ wish to do sth.

②主语 + wish + sb.+名词

③主语 + with sb.to do sth.

分别表示:主语希望想干某事;主语祝愿某人(宾语);希望(某人)干……。如:

He wished to be a great scientist.他想成为科学家。

I wish you a happy journey. 我祝您旅途愉快。

We wish you to tell me the truth.我们希望你说实话。

10.call + 介词

call on sb.to do sth.号召……干某事

call on (人作宾语,看望,拜访某人)

call at(地方作宾语:去某地,某处看)

call for需要,要求

call in 叫来,召来,请来

如:①Our party calls on us to learn from Lei Feng.党号召我们向雷锋学习。

②She is terribly ill, please call in a doctor.她病情严重,快去请医生来。

③We called on him at his unit.我们到他单位去看他。

11.①seat当动词用时是及物动词,seat sb. (sth.)somewhere意为“安顿某人、物到某位置上”这时,可用lay来换seat。如:

The mother seated the baby on sofa and went out.

妈妈把孩子放在沙发上后出去了。

②当不及物动词用时,常用be seated形式,表状态。

Entering the classroom, I found him seated at the back row.

如:一进教室,我发现他坐在最后排。

Please be seated! = Sit down, please!

= please sit down!请坐!

③seat 当名词时,意为“座位、席位、位置”

Please go to your seat.请各就各位。

如: He gave his seat to the bind man.

他把座让给了那位盲人。

take a breath 吸一口气(= breathe)

12.take breath喘口气,歇一歇

(= have a rest;relax oneself)

13.do well in/be good at 在某方面出色,干得好,如:

If you work hard, you will do well in each subject.(be good at )只要用功,你每门功课都可以学好。

注意:well 常用作副词;当形容词用时表示“健康状况”。如:

-What’s wrong with you? 你怎么啦?

-I’m not feeling well. 我(身体)不舒服。

14.make up one’s mind to do sth.决心干……(= decide)。如:

We have made up our minds to deepen the reform.我们决心深化改革。

熟记下列短语:

change one’s mind 改变主意

keep sth. in one’s mind 把……留在脑海中

keep in one’s mind on把心思放在;专心于……

另:mind 当动词用,“在意、介意、放在心上……”

Just mind your own business 少管闲事

15.一组由come引出的短语,如:

① When did yuo two come to know each other?

come in (into)走进(……里面)

come out 出来、出版(花)开

come to (oneself)sth.(苏醒)谈到、提及

come from 来自,自……来

come to do sth.(逐渐地……)强调过程

come up: 发芽、长出地面、(走)过来,达到……

②His new works will come out next week.

他的新作下周便出版发行。

③Many English words come from abroad.

许多英语词汇是外来语。

④The number of the students who can use computers in our school has come to 20.

我们班会使用电脑的学生数已达20(已有20个同学)。

make up sth.补充,编造,修补等

16. be made up of sth.由……组成、构成、合成

(of后常跟人、零件、元素这类的名词)

如:①He helped me to make up all the lessons I had missed.他帮我补拉下的新所的功课。

②A football team on play is usually made up of 11 players.上场比赛的足球队通常由11人组成。

③Don’t make up any excuse!别编(找)借口了!

be made up with 由……弥补、补偿

The loss can’t be made up with money

这个损失是用金钱弥补不了的。

17.too much可单独使用,可当名词(不可数)或形容词,而much too 只可修饰形容词或副词:

①I’m full, I have eaten too much.

我饱了,我吃得太多了。

②This work is too much for me.

这话对我来说太重了。

③Your new car is much too expensive.

你的新车太贵了。

too many用来修饰可数名词的复数形式,也可单独使用,当代词用。

①I have too many questions to ask.

我有许多问题要问。

②Too many (students)are absent today.

缺席的人太多了。

18.feed 给……喂食(东西)

feed on sth.以……为主食,主要吃……

feed sb.(animals)on sth.给(某人)喂……

feed sth. to sb.(animal)把……喂给……。如:

①People in north mainly feed on wheat, while people in south feed on rice.

北方人主要口粮是小麦,而南方人是大米。

②Please feed the sheep on some grass.

给羊喂些草吧。

Please feed some grass to the sheep.

把这些草拿去喂羊吧。

③What is the nurse feeding the baby on?

护士给孩子喂什么呢?

at a time (每一次;同一次)

at one time(曾经,常与过去式谓语动词连词)

19. on time 按时

in time及时

at the same time同时

time;当不可数名词用时,指时间;当可数名词用时,指次数、倍数、年代,还有下列几个常见的形式:

some time(一段时间);sometimes(有时);sometime(某个时间、时候);some times(数倍、数次)

In the old time,my grandfather was forced to work for the landlord(相当于:In the years before liberation)

在旧社会(解放前)我爷爷被逼为主扛长工。

20.by weight按重量 (计算)类似的还有:

by price计价

by distance计程

by time计时

但是:by the hour按钟点计,by the day 按日计算。如:

①Usually we pay the taxi driver by distance.

我们按路程给出租车司机付费。

②You should pay me 100 yuan by the hour a week here.按我在这工作的时间算你该付我100元。

③They sell vegetables by the kilo.

他们卖菜论公斤。

21.Leave out 省略、漏掉、把……留在外面,不予考虑。

①He was wrong by leaving out a letter when writing the word.

他写这个单词时因少了一个字母而写错了。

②If you want to buy the new house,leave out the price,we all can help you.

你如果想买这套新房,不要考虑价钱(担心不够),我们大家都会帮你的。

22.take in 接纳、吸收(新成员),领进,理解。

①Some young people are taken in by the Party each year.每年都有些年轻人被吸收入党。

②Shall I take him in, sir?我可以把他领进来吗?

三、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 1996)

Many people agree that_______ knowledge of English is a must in ______

international trade today.

A.a ; 不填 B.the; an C.the; the D.不填; the

分析:A。一般情况knowledge是不可数名词,若表示“对……懂,对……有某种程度的了解”等特殊含义时,knowledge前可加不定冠词。

题2 (上海 2002)

I feel it is your husband who _______ for the spoiled child.

A. is to blame B.is going to blame

C.is to be blamed D.should blame

分析:A。blame for sth.“为……负责任”。

题3 (NMET 1994)

She set out soon after dark ________ home an hour later.

A. arriving B. to arrive C. having arrived D.and arrived

分析:D。arrived与set out是并列关系。

题4 (上海 2000春)

-You should have thanked her before you left.

-I meant _______,but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.

A. to do B.to C.doing D.doing it

分析:B。mean to do sth.打算做……, 答语中可省略动词不定式to后面的内容。

题5 (上海 2002)

Though_______ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B.lacking of C.lacking D.lacked in

分析:C。lacking money,作伴随状语。

篇9:高二英语复习教案(10)(SB2-units19-20)

一、单元考点提示

1.重点单词

demand forbid

achieve explode

former admit

minority slightly

declare hopefully

seize disability

attitude

2.重点短语

set an example treat sb. with

come up act as

give in end up

turn out look forward to

as though the way

3.重点句型

Haven’t you heard…? What happened?

Why was that? I imagine..

Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.

So far as I know, tomorrow should be fine,too.

You said that you hoped… Seldom does he go there.

4.语法

学习动词-ing形式作定语和状语的用法。

学习倒装句的用法。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.join in参与一项活动,join + 名词加入某个团体组织

①Would yo join us(in) singing?

和我们一起唱歌吧!

②His brother joined the army a year ago.

他哥哥一年前参军了。

Join还可表示“来(去)和某人呆在一起,把……连在一起”

③I will join you in a few minutes.我一会就过来。

④Please join the two ends of the rope together.把绳子两头接起来。

2.把某人关入监狱,throw(cast, put)sb.into(to)prison,还可以说成take sb.to prison.

区别:in prison与in the prison前者表示“坐牢、服法、服刑”;后者表示“在一所监狱”,有可能是在看望囚犯,也可能是监管人员。

Tom’s brother was put(thrown、cast)into prison because of murderer,and he will be in prison for thirty years.

汤姆的哥哥因犯谋杀罪而被关进监狱,他将在监狱服刑三十年。

3.demand

①当可数名词“要求”用

We refused his unreasonable demands.我们拒绝了他的无理要求。

②当不可数名词用

There is a great demand for typists but(a)poor demand for clerks.打字员很抢手但是办公室职员几乎没人需要。

③当动词用:demand+名词、代词、从句或to do sth.如:

They demanded the right to do things they like.

他们要求有做自己喜欢做的事情的权力。

The lady demanded to see our headmaster.

那个女士要求见校长。

He demanded that we (should)try to finish our work on time.

他要求我们按时完工。

宾语从句用虚拟语气形式,主+should+动原……

④demand问

“How old are you?”he demanded.

他问我“你多大啦?”

4.forbid(forbade, forbidden)

①forbid sb.to do sth.如:

My mother forbids me to keep in touch with that boy.我妈不让我与那个男孩交往。

②forbid(one’s)doing sth.如:

The law strictly forbids individual’s running business in some fields.法律严禁私人从事某些经营活动。

③常用被动形式

Smoking is forbidden here.这儿不许抽烟。

④表示“使……不可能,使……无法……”

The bad weather forbids a spring outing.坏天气使我们无法春游。

5.have a right to do sth.有权做某事

right:①当名词用,可有复数形式如:human rights人权;但是当方向(右边)讲时,不可数,turn to the right向右转

②当形容词:a.右面的、向右的、政治上右倾的;b.对的、正确的、合适、恰当、正当;c.对头、没事了。如:

He didn’t feel quite right.他感觉不太舒服。

Your advice is right你的建议是对的。

Which is the right answer?哪个答案正确?

③当副词用,向右

Don’t forget to turn right when you meet a bookstore.看到那家书店别忘了向右转。

The crowd divided right and left.

人群走散了(各奔西东)。

6.give构成的短语

①give away 送给人、分发、泄露、暴露

Let’s give away our dog.我们把狗送人吧。

②give back:送还、恢复(健康)

Living here has given me back my health.在这住使我恢复了健康。

③give in交进来,让步、妥协、投降

The boy gave in the money he picked up.

那小孩把捡到的钱上交了。

In the end,they gave in.最终,他们屈服了。

④give off散发出

The gas gave off an unpleasant smell.那种气体发出难闻的气味。

⑤give out用完、耗尽、没有了。

Money gave out.钱用完了。

⑥give up放弃、不再做、把……献给……

My father has given up smoking.我爸“戒烟了。”

He has given up his life to teaching.

他一生都献给了教育事业。

Don’t give up,try again.别泄气,再试一次。

7.open①形容词,表状态,“开着的”

Don’t keep the door open.

别让门开着(即:请把门关上)。

②动词:打开门,经营、开办③

Now,he opens a small factory of his own.

现在他自己办了个厂。

Open the door, please!请开门!

③be open to对……开放

Many school libraries are open to children on Sundays.

不少学校的图书馆周日给孩子们开放。

8.far from:不仅仅,远不是(跟动名词、形容词、名词或代词)。如:

①Far being slow, they are actually fast enough.他们一点也不慢,相反非常迅速。

②It’s far from perpect.它还很不完美。

另外:由far引出的短语

①go far(物)经用、时间长

This food can’t go far.这些东西不够吃。

②so far:到目前为止、到…程度(地步)

I can only tell you so far.我只能给你说到这一步。

③as far as就……而言、从……来看、尽……所能、只要……、一直查到某地

As far as I know, he will not come.据我所知,他不会来啦。

You should stick to your opinion as far as it is reasonable.只要你有理,就应该坚持。

We walked as far as the church.

我们一直走到教堂跟前。

9.separate…from…把……分离、分开

Nobody can separate Taiwan from China.

任何人也不能把台湾从中国分裂出去。

separate(adj.)独自的、独立的、分别为不同的、各自的

I want to listen to your separate opinions.

我想听你们每个人自己的看法。

10.able(可以的,有能力的,可能的)

①He is an able man.那人本事不小。

enable(v)使……能

②We must learn more to enable us to face all the difficulties.我们要多学知识以便能面对各种困难。

disable:有残疾的,不能干的;the disabled表示一类人(残疾人)

11.able作词辍时

①可以……的,值得……的(有被动含义)

eatable可食用的,measurable可以测量、估计的;readable可读的

②其他含义:conformable舒适的、安逸的;suitable 合适的,恰当的

12.turn out 结果是……、变成……

记下列turn构成的短语

turn against 反戈一击、反对……,对……不满

turn back打退堂鼓,返回

turn down拒绝;把……(音量等)放低,开小

turn in上交某物,交回

turn into变为

turn off关上(收音机、龙头等);离开(公路等);对……失去兴趣,反感

turn on开(收音机等),使……感兴趣;吸引;向……进攻;责怪

turn out结果是、最后情况是……,关(电灯、煤气等),生产、造就

turn over移交,随便翻阅

turn to sb.寻救帮助;查阅资料;努力于、加劲干

turn up来赴(宴、开会),出现;把(音量)放大;使作呕。如:

①There was no body that I could turn to.

当时没有一个人能帮助我。

②Please turn off the TV set. It’s wasting power.

把电视关了吧,太费电啦。

③Things turned out to be smoothly developing.

事情结果正常发展。

④Our suggestions were turned down at the meeting.

会议没有采纳我们的建议。

turn当名词用时,意为“轮到某人干……,转折;倾向;作风”等意思。如:

She went hot and cold by turns.

她一阵热,一阵冷。

by turns轮流;一阵……,一阵……;out of turn不该谁……干,不合时宜。do sb.a good(bad)turn 帮了某人的忙(倒忙)

13.dream vi.做梦

Do you dream at night?你晚上做梦吗?

dream of……多用于否定句中,“做梦也没想到,从未想到过”

I never dream of getting so much money.

我从未幻想过得到这么多钱。

Dream+从句

We never dreamed that the film was so long.

我们怎么也没想到这部电影这么长。

dream of迫切希望、渴望。

People all over the world are dreaming of peace.

全世界人民都渴望和平。

dreamy(adj.)模糊的,梦幻般的

I don’t believe your dreamy words.我不信你的梦语。

14.come true成为现实、实现

表示变化过程的系动词有:become,get,turn,而be表状态

区别:①He became(get,turned)angry when hearing the news.听到那消息他生气了。(从不……到生气)

②He was angry, because he heard some bad news.

他生气是因为听到不好的消息。

15.not only…but also

①连续两个并列主语时,谓语和but also后的一致(即就近原则)

②Not only…but also…构成一倒装句式(强调状语或谓语时用;强调主语时不用倒装)。

①Not only you but also he likes playing football.

不光你,他也喜欢踢足球。

②Not only can he sing, but also he can dance well.

他不仅能唱歌,舞也跳的不错。

(注意,第一句倒装,第二句不用倒装形式)

16.consider的用法:①You should consider the question.

你应该考虑这个问题。

②跟从句

He began to consider when he would get married

他开始考虑什么时侯结婚的事情。

③跟疑问词 + to do sth.

He is considering how to get there in time.

他正想怎么能及时赶到那儿。

④跟动名词

Who considers answering the question?

谁正在考虑回答这个问题?

⑤为……着想

He always considers others before himself

他常先为别人着想。

⑥名词为:consideration(不可数)

take sth. into consideration把……考虑在内

If you want to go on holidays in Beijing,you should take the cost into consideration.

如果想到北京去度假,你应该考虑费用问题。

17.as a matter of fact=in fact事实上、实际上……

It seems easy,but as a matter of fact,it’ll take us a long time to work it out.

这道题貌似简单,实际上要解出的话很费时间。

18.look forward to sth.(doing sth.)渴望、企盼……

①They are looking forward to getting news of him.

他们渴望听到有关他的消息。

②We should look forward,and don’t give up.

我们应该向前看(乐观一些)不能放弃。

三、精典名题导解

题1 (上海 1998)

He made another wonderful discovery, ________ of great importance to science.

A.which I think is B.which I think it is

C.which I think it D.I think which is

分析:A。这是一个非限制性定语从句,make another wonderful discovery是动宾词组,关系代词which在定语从句中作主语,代表the discovery, I think 为插入语。

题2 (NMET 2001)

As we joined the big crowd I got_______ from my friends.

A.separated B.spared C.lost D.missed

分析:A。该题考查过去分词作表语的用法和习惯搭配。该句是一个含有as引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句,强调从句动作与主句动作相并发生。主句中get和过去分词连用构成被动语态,强调动作。四个选项都能和got连用构成系表结构,但只有separated和from相搭配,got separated意思是“和……分离开”。

题3 She looks forward every spring to_________the flower-lined garden.

A.visit B.paying a visit C.walk in D.walking in

分析:D。look forward to sth./doing sth.因此首先排除掉A、C项。B项paying a visit后必须加to再加宾语。

题4 She is _____________to leave as soon as possible.

A.hurried B.anxious C.worried D.nervous

分析:B。be anxious to do sth.“着急干……,渴望……”。该题意思是“她急于尽快离开”。

题5 (NMET 2000春)

I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life__________ so happy!

分析:D。表示否定意义的副词,如never, seldom, hardly, little, neither, nor等位于句首,句子要进行部分倒装。

题6 (NMET 2001)

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology_________so rapidly.

A.is changing B.has changed

C.will have changed D.will change

分析:A。该题考查动词时态。题干为一个含有原因状语从句的主从复合句,主句陈述的情况是一客观事实,原因状语从句强调一直正在进行的动作。

篇10:英语高二单词复习

humour n. 幽默;滑稽

△punchline n. 故事、笑话等中的妙语;关键语

△verbal adj. 口头的

△nonverbal adj. 不用语言的

△mime n. 哑剧

△Charlie Chaplin 查理?卓别林(英国喜剧大师)

△Edward Lear 爱德华?李尔(英国作家、画家)

comedy n. 喜剧△Victor Hugo 维克多?雨果(法国文学家)

up to now 直到现在

△brighten vt. 使更愉快;使更有希望

△depressed adj. 忧愁的;沮丧的

content adj. 满足的;满意的 n. 满足vt. 使满足 feel/be content with 对……满足

performer n. 表演者;演出者

astonish vt. 使惊诧

astonishing adj. 令人感到惊讶的

fortunate adj. 幸运的;吉利的

unfortunately adv. 不幸地

badly off 穷的;缺少的

△teens n. 十几岁(13至19岁的年龄)

ordinary adj.平常的;普通的

bored adj. 厌烦的

△subtle adj. 微妙的;精巧的;技艺精湛的

entertain vt. & vi. 使欢乐;款待

△entertaining adj. 愉快的;有趣的

△charming adj. 迷人的;有魅力的

△tramp n. 流浪汉;行乞者

throughout prep. 遍及;贯穿

adv. 到处;始终;全部

homeless adj. 无家的;无家可归的

moustache n. 小胡子

worn adj. 用旧的;用坏的;破烂的

△worn-out adj. 磨破的;穿旧的

△stiffly adv. 僵硬地

failure n. 失败(者)

△optimism n. 乐观;乐观主义

overcome vt. & vi. (overcame,overcome)战胜;克服

△underdog n. 失败者;处于劣势的一方

△snowstorm n. 暴风雪

leather n. 皮革

pick out 挑出;辨别出

△lace n. 饰带;花边;鞋带

cut off 切断;断绝

chew vt. & vi. 嚼碎;咀嚼(食物)

△mouthful n. 一口;满口

△enjoyment n. 享受;欢乐;乐趣

convince vt. 使信服

convincing adj. 令人信服的

direct vt. & vi. 导演;指示;指挥adj. 直的;直接的;直率的 star in 担任主角;主演

△Oscar n. 奥斯卡

第4 / 8页

outstanding adj. 突出的;杰出的;显著的

Switzerland n. 瑞士(欧洲中部国家)

△confidence n. 信心;信念

△costume n. 服装;戏装

gesture n. 姿态;手势 vi.做手势

particular adj. 特殊的;特别的 n. 细节;细目 particularly adv. 特殊地;特别地

occasion n. 时刻;场合

budget n. 预算;开支

actress n.

slide vt. & vi.

amuse vt.

△amusing adj.

pancake n.

explanation n.

detective n.

△Sherlock Holmes

mountainous adj.

whisper n.

vast adj.

△rhythm n.

mess n.

react vi.

porridge n.

drunk adj.

篇11:英语高二单词复习

Unit 1

achievement n. 成就;功绩

△Joan of Arc 圣女贞德(法国民族女英雄) △Elizabeth Fry 伊丽莎白?弗赖伊(英国慈善家) △Quaker n. 教友派信徒;贵格会会员 welfare n. 福利;福利事业

project n. 项目;工程;规划

institute n.

△China Welfare Institute

specialist n.

△specialize vi.

△Jane Goodall

△chimp n.

connection n.

human being

△Jody Williams

campaign n.

△landmine n.

organization n.

△Gombe National Park

behave vt. & vi.

behaviour (=behavior)

shade n.

move off

worthwhile adj.

nest n.

bond n.

observe vt.

observation n.

childhood n.

outspoken adj.

respect vt. & n.

argue vt. & vi.

argument n.

entertainment n.

lead a … life

crowd n.

crowd in

inspire vt.

△inspiration n.

support n. & vt.

look down upon/on 学会;学院;协会 中国福利基金会 专家;专业工作者 专攻;专门从事;专注于 简?古道尔(英国动物学家) 连接;关系 人类 乔迪?威廉斯(美国诺贝尔和平奖得者) 运动;战役vi.作战;参加运动 地雷 组织;机构;团体 贡贝国家公园 (位于坦桑尼亚) 举动;(举止或行为)表现 行为;举止;习性 荫;阴凉处vt. 遮住光线 离开;起程;出发 值得的;值得做的 巢;窝 联系;关系;结合;纽带 观察;观测;遵守 观察;观测 童年;幼年时代 直言的;坦诚 尊敬;尊重;敬意 讨论;辩论;争论 争论;争辩;争吵 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演 过着……的生活 人群;观众 vt. 挤满;使拥挤 (想法、问题等)涌上心头;涌入脑海 鼓舞;激发;启示 灵感;鼓舞 支持;拥护 蔑视;瞧不起 (非洲)黑猩猩

refer vi. 谈到;查阅;参考 refer to 查阅;参考;谈到 audience n. 观众;听众;读者 by chance 碰巧;凑巧

come across (偶然)遇见;碰见 △career n. 事业;生涯 rate n. 比率;速度 sickness n. 疾病;恶心 intend vt. 计划;打算 emergency n.

generation n.

△determination n.

kindness n.

considerate adj.

consideration n.

deliver vt.

carry on

modest adj.

Unit 2

statistic n. (常用pl

sunburnt adj.

struggle vt. & vi.

decade n.

super adj.

△hybrid adj.

output n.

△strain n.

crop n.

hunger n.

disturbing adj.

expand vt. & vi.

circulate vt. & vi.

Vietnam n.

thanks to

battle n.

rid vt.

rid… of

be satisfied with

freedom n.

would rather

therefore adj

equip vt. & vi. 突发事件;紧急情况 一代;一辈 决心;果断 仁慈;好意 考虑周到的 考虑;体谅 递送;生(小孩儿);接生; 发表(演说等) 继续;坚持 谦虚的;谦让的;适度的 statisitcs) 数据;统计;统计数字;统计资料 晒黑的 斗争;拼搏;努力 十年;十年期 特级的;超级的 混合的;杂种的 n. 杂交种;混血儿 产量;输出 (植物的)品种;种类 庄稼;农作物;产量 饥饿;欲望vt. & vi.(使)饥饿 引起烦恼的;令人不安的 使变大;伸展 循环;流传 越南(东南亚国家) 幸亏;由于;因为 战役;战斗;较量;斗争 vt. & vi.搏斗;奋斗 摆脱;除去 摆脱;除去 对……感到满意 自由;自主 宁愿;宁可 因为;所以;因而 配备;装备

△sorghum n. 高粱

grain n. 谷物;粮食;颗粒

△peanut n. 花生

export vt. & vi. 输出;出口

nationality n. 国籍

occupation n. 工作;职业;占领

△personality n. 性格;个性;人格

confuse vt. 使迷惑;使为难

regret vt. 遗憾;惋惜 n. 遗憾;懊悔

chemical adj. 化学的;关于化学的

△organic adj. 有机的;器官的;组织的

△fertile adj. 肥沃的;富饶的

△fertilizer n. 肥料;化肥

production n. 生产;制造

bacteria n.(bacterium复数形式)细菌

pest n. 害虫;害兽;害鸟

build up 逐渐增强;建立;开发

lead to 导致;造成(后果)

nutrition n. 营养;滋养;食物

mineral n. 矿物;矿石

discovery n. 发现;发觉

focus n. 焦点;中心点vt. 集中;聚集

focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于

soil n. 土壤

reduce vt. 减少;减缩

keep … free from/of 使……免受(影响;害等);使……不含(有害物) △soybean n. (=soyabean) 大豆

root n. 根;根源

skim vt. 浏览;略读

underline vt. 画底线标出;强调

summary n. 总结;摘要;概要

comment n. 评论;议论vi. & vt. 表达意见;作出评论 △producer n. 生产者;制片人

△industrial adj. 工业的;产业的

篇12:英语高二单词复习

Unit 1

△ cultural /'kʌltʃərəl/ adj. 文化的

△ relic /'relik/ n. 遗物;遗迹;纪念物

rare /rεə/ adj. 稀罕的;稀有的;珍贵的

valuable /'væljuəbl/ adj. 贵重的;有价值的

survive /sə'vaiv/ vi. 幸免;幸存;生还

vase /vɑ:z/ n. 花瓶;瓶

dynasty /'dinəsti, 'dai-/ n. 朝代;王朝

△Taj Mahal /

ta:dʒ mə'ha:l/ 泰姬陵

△ ivory /'aivəri/ n. 象牙

△ dragon /'dræɡən/ n. 龙

△ amber /'æmbə/ n. 琥珀;琥珀色

in search of 寻找

△Frederick William I /'fredrik 'wiljəm ðə 'fə:st/

腓特烈·威廉一世(普鲁士国王)

△Prussia /'prʌʃə/ n.(史)普鲁士(位于北欧)

amaze /ə'meiz/ vt. 使吃惊;惊讶

amazing /ə'meiziŋ/ adj. 令人吃惊的

select /si'lekt/ vt. 挑选;选择

honey /'hʌni/ n. 蜜;蜂蜜

design /di'zain/ n. 设计;图案;构思

vt. 设计;计划;构思

fancy /'fænsi/ adj. 奇特的;异样的

vt. 想象;设想;爱好

style /stail/ n. 风格;风度;类型

decorate /'dekəreit/ v. 装饰;装修

jewel /'dʒu:əl/ n. 珠宝;宝石

artist /'ɑ:tist/ n. 艺术家

belong /bi'lɔŋ/ vi. 属于;为……的一员

belong to 属于

△Peter the Great彼得大帝(俄国皇帝)

in return 作为报答;回报

△Czar /'za:/ n.沙皇

troop /tru:p/ n. 群;组;军队

△St Petersburg /sənt 'pi:təzbə:g/ n.圣彼得堡

(俄罗斯城市)

reception /ri'sepʃn/ n. 接待;招待会;接收

△CatherineⅡ /'kæθərin ðə 'sekənd/

叶卡捷琳娜二世(俄国女皇)

at war 处于交战状态

remove /ri'mu:v/ vt. 移动;搬开

less than 少于

wooden /'wudn/ adj. 木制的

doubt /daut/ n. 怀疑;疑惑 vt. 怀疑;不信

△Königsberg /'kə:nisbə:g/ n.哥尼斯堡

(俄罗斯港市Kaliningrad的旧称)

△the Baltic Sea /'bɔ:ltik 'si:/ 波罗的海

△ mystery /'mistri ;US 'mistəri/ n. 神秘;神秘的事物

former /'fɔ:mə/ adj. 以前的;从前的

worth /wə:θ/ prep. 值得的;相当于……的价值

n. 价值;作用 adj. /古/ 值钱的

△ rebuild /

ri:'bild/ vt. 重建

local /'ləukl/ adj. 本地的;当地的

apart /ə'pɑ:t/ adv. 分离地;分别地

take apart 拆开

△Leningrad /'leningræd/ n.列宁格勒 (苏联城市)

painting /'peintiŋ/ n. 绘画;画

castle /'kɑ:sl/ n. 城堡

△Windsor /'winzə/ Castle 温莎城堡 (英国城堡)

trial /'traiəl/ n. 审判;审讯;试验

△ eyewitness /

ai 'witnis/ n. 目击者;证人

evidence /'evidəns/ n. 根据;证据

△ Jan Hasek /'jæn 'hæzək/ 简·哈兹克(男名)

△Czech Republic /'tʃek ri'pʌblik/ 捷克共和国(东欧国家)

explode /ik'spləud/ vi. 爆炸

entrance /'entrəns/ n. 入口

△Hans Braun /'hænz 'brɔ:n/ 汉斯·布朗(男名)

sailor /'seilə/ n. 水手;海员;船员

sink /siŋk/ (sank,sunk; sunk,sunken) vi. 下沉;沉下

△Anna Petrov /'ænə 'petrɔv/ 安娜·帕特罗夫 (女名)

maid /meid/ n. 少女;女仆

△Berlin /bə: 'lin/ n. 柏林(德国首都)

think highly of 看重;器重

△Johann Webber /jəu'hæn 'veibə/ 约翰·韦伯(男名)

informal /in'fɔ:ml/ adj. 非正式的

debate /di'beit/ n. 争论;辩论 vi. 争论;辩论

Book 2 Unit 2

ancient /'einʃənt/ adj. 古代的;古老的

compete /kəm'pi:t/ vi. 比赛;竞争

competitor /kəm'petitə/ n. 竞争者

take part in 参加;参与

medal /'medl/ n. 奖章;勋章;纪念章

stand for 代表;象征;表示

△ mascot /'mæskət; 'mæskɔt/ n. 吉祥物

△Pausanias /pɔ: 'seiniəs/ 帕萨尼亚斯

(男名;古希腊人名)

Greece /gri:s/ n. 希腊

Greek /gri:k/ adj. 希腊(人)的;希腊语的

n.希腊人;希腊语

magical /'mædʒikl/ adj. 巫术的;魔术的;有魔力的

volunteer /

vɔlən'tiə/ n. 志愿者;志愿兵

adj. 志愿的;义务的

vt. & vi. 自愿

篇13:高二英语期末考试复习知识点

(一) 一般现在时

1.肯定句: We speak Chinese

否定句: We don't speak Chinese.

一般疑问句: Do you speak Chinese?

回答: Yes, we do. No, we don't.

2.肯定句: Mike speaks English.

否定句: Mike doesn't speak English.

一般疑问句: Does Mike speak English?

回答: Yes, he does. No, he doesn't.

3.动词第三人称单数构成形式:见书本107页

(二)代词

人称代词:

数/格

人称 单数 复数

主格 宾格 主格 宾格

第一人称 I me we us

第二人称 you you you you

第三人称 he him

they

them

she her

it it

主格:在句中当句子主语

e.g. I have a good friend.

He has a good friend.

宾格: 在句中当动词的宾语或介词的宾语,形成动宾或介宾结构.

Please call me Mike. (动宾)

Give it (动宾) to me (介宾) .

Help us find him. (动宾)

人称代词排列顺序:(可记住口诀)

you, he and I; we, you and they; he and she

口诀: 对你尊重you在前,谦虚礼貌I最后;

我们人多力量大,we要排在you之前,they委屈垫在后;

两性并列不平等,绅士风度放一边,he 在前she在后。

特殊情况:

1. 为了强调某人称,或是出现在承认错误之类的句中时,应把第一人称的I,放在前。

2. 当说话人I的身份很高或回忆往事时,可以先说I。

物主代词:

数/人称

形容词性物主代词

名词性物主代词

单数 第一人称 my mine

第二人称 your yours

第三人称 his his

her hers

its its

复数 第一人称 our ours

第二人称 your yours

第三人称 their theirs

形容词性物主代词,也称非独立性物主代词,不能单独使用,必须与名词共同使用.

e.g. my name

your mother

his friend

their teacher

篇14:高二英语复习知识点总结精选

1.基础梳理

diet spaghetti muscle protective eggplant pea cucumber lemon mushroom peach balance barbecue kebab roast roast fry stir ouhgt bacon cola sugary slim lose weight curiosity hostess raw vinegar lie get away with discount weakness strengh consult fibre digest poisonous carrot scurvy rickets obesity protein vitamin

earn one’s living in debt spy on limit benefit breast garlic sigh combine cut down

cooperation flovour

2.词语归纳

1)diet

作名词,表示“日常饮食”。

be/go on diet节食

作动词,表示“节食“。

2)区别energy,strength,power和force:

energy主要指人的精力,工作或活动的能力,自然界的能等。

power主要指做一件事情所依靠的的能力,功能,人或机器等事物所潜在的或所发挥出来的力量,职权,权力或政权。

force主要指自然界中的力量,暴力,势力,说服力,压力,法律,道德或情感的力量, 军事的力量。

strength指一人或一物所含的内在的力量,能用以从事,忍受,或抵抗很多事物。

3)balance

作名词,表示“天平,秤;平衡,平稳“。

be/hang in the balance不确定的,尚未决定的

keep one’s balance保持平衡

on balance考虑周全,总的来说

strike a balance找出折中办法,妥协

作动词,表示“权衡,平衡”;balance A against B权衡利弊。

4)sign

作名词,表示“记号,符号,标志,标记,手势,迹象,指示牌”等。

作动词表示“签名,签署,示意,做手势”。

in sign of作为……的记号;表示……的。

make no sign of没有……的样子(迹象),没有表示……

sign for签约应聘或受雇

sign for sth签收某物

sign sb on/up使某人签约受雇

sign up(for sth)注册参加(俱乐部,课程)

5)sigh

sigh over… 为……叹息

sigh for想念,思念

sigh out/forth sth边叹息边说出……

6)slim

作形容词,表示“苗条的,纤细的,小的”。

作动词,表示“变细,减肥”。

slim down减肥,缩减。

7)lie

作名词,表示“谎言,谎话,假象”是可数名词。

若表示说谎,只能使tell lies或者tell a lie。

a white lie无恶意的谎言

throw a lie in sb’s face当面斥责某人说谎

give the lie to证明……不真实

live a lie过骗人的生活

作动词,表示“说谎”。

lie one’s way into/out of靠撒谎得到某物

lie sb out of sth从某人处骗取某物

lie in one’s teeth/throat睁着眼睛说瞎话

lie lied lied说谎

lie lay lain位于,躺着,平方

lay laid laid放置,产卵

8)rid

rid sb/sth of… 使某人或某物摆脱……

get rid of摆脱,除出

be rid of=rid oneself of除去,摆脱

9)amount

a large amount of大量的(后跟不可数名词)

no amount of再多的……也不……

作不及物动词,表示“总计,等于”后跟介词to。

10)debt

be in debt欠债

be out of debt不欠债

get/run into debt负债

be deep/deeply/heavily in debt负债累累

pay/back/repay one’s debt偿还债务

clear/pay off/wipe off one’s debt=get out of debt还清债务

be in sb’s debt=be in debt to sb欠某人的情,感激某人

11)区别glare,gaze,stare,glance:

glare指怒视,强调敌对或者威胁的态度。

stare指睁大眼睛出神地看,注视,瞪视,这种注视出于惊讶,好奇,羡慕,恐惧,有时是粗鲁无礼的。

glance指瞥视,匆匆一看。

gaze指目不转睛地看,凝视,注视,这种注视是由于惊奇,喜欢或兴趣所致。

12)limit

作动词,limit…to… 把……限定在……范围内。

作名词,常与介词to连用。

形容词limited表示“有限的,极少的,(见解)狭窄的”。

13)benefit

作动词,表示“使……受益”。

benefit from/by… 从……中受益

be of benefit of对……有益,对……有利

14)有关throw的短语:

trow at向……扔去 throw about乱扔 throw off扔开,摆脱 throw back扔回 throw down扔下,_ throw sb over背弃某人 throw oneself on/upon sb/sth依赖 throw oneself into sth积极做某事

15)有关get的短语:

1. get about(around)

(1) (能)到处走动,旅行。(2) (消息、谣言等)传播,流传。

2. get along

(1) 离开(某地)。(2) 相处,过日子,合得来。(3) 进展。

3. get away

(1) 离开,逃离,逃走。 (2) 逃避责罚,免受处罚,受较轻处罚。

4. get back

(1) 返回,回家。(2) 取回,拿回,失而复得。

5. get down 下来,取下,放下,弄下,写下,打下,吞下。

6. get down to (6doing) sth 开始做某事,认真处理某事。

7. get in

(1) 进站,到达,回来。(2) 请来。(3) 插话。 (4) 收获,收割。

8. get off

(1) 起飞,动身,出发。 (2) 下班,下车。(3) 从轻处罚,被放过。

9. get on

(1) 上车。(2)进行,进展,过日子。 (3) 相处。

10. get out

(1) 出来,出去,离开。 (2) 拿出,取出。 (3) 出版,发表。 (4) 泄漏,传出。

11. get out of

(1) 逃避,躲掉。(2)为了逃避工作,使说出(拿出等)。(3) 放弃,戒除,停止。

12. get over

(1) 走过,越过,渡过。 (2) 克服,战胜。(3) 恢复,痊愈。

13. get through

(1) 做完,用完,吃完,看完。 (2) 通过(考试),接通(电话),度过(时间)。

14. get together 聚会,联欢。

15. get up

(1) 起床,起身。 (2) 打扮。 (3) 举办。

16. get doing

(1) 继续做某事。(2) 开始做起某事来。

17. get done

(1) 被……。 (2) 处于某种状态。

18. get sb sth / get sth for sb sth / 为某人弄到某物。

19. get sb (sth) to . do sth 做某人(某事物)做某事。

20. get sb (sth) doing sth 使某人(某事物)(开始)起来。

21. get sth done 使某事被做。注:有时表示遭遇。

22. get to do sth

(1) 开始做某事。 (2) 有机会做某事,设法做成某事。

3.语法

详见Unit1语法知识。

篇15:高二英语复习知识点总结精选

1.基础梳理

point upset ignore calm down cheat list share a series of crazy purpose dare thunder entire(~ly) trust according to power suffer recover suitcase situation disagree be concerned about walk the dog set down face to face be/get tired of get along with fall in love make a list communicate with

2.词语归纳

1)add vt/vi加;添加;增添

add up合计 加起来,但在口语中有时用于否定句,表示“莫名其妙,不说明问题”。

add up to 总计共达,所有一切都说明,总而言之。

add sth(to sth)把……加到……里去。

add to 增加,扩建。

add 表示“继续说,补充说”。

区别add和increase

add意思是“加,增加”,强调添加。或者表示将数字加起来求和。

increase“增加”,表示在数量,产量,尺寸,程度等方面的增加。

2)cheat v 欺骗;作弊 n 骗子;作弊者;骗人的事

cheat sb of sth cheat sth out of sb 从某人处欺诈某物

cheat on/at/in 作弊,欺诈

3)list v 将事物列于表上;编事物的目录 n 名单;目录;一览表

make a list of 造表,列……表

take…off the list 从表上去掉……

stand first on the list 居首位,列前茅

as listed above 如上所列

3)share

share in 分享,分担,共用

share sth with sb 和某人共用/共享某事物

share out 分配,分发;得到股息,升股息

share(n.)in/of 一分,部分

4)trust vi/vt 信任,信赖;依赖

trust in 相信,信任,信仰

trust to 依靠(运气等),依赖

trust that… 希望,想

5)suffer vt/vi 遭受,受到,蒙受;受痛苦,受折磨,受惩罚,受损伤

suffer from 受……伤害;患……病痛

注意:suffer 和 suffer from 都不能用于被动语态

6)calm vt/vi/adj. 使平静;使镇定。平静的,镇静的,沉着的。

calm down平静下来,镇定下来

quite指人对外界事物感触的安静。对人时,侧重不激动,平静温和,不发表意见。

still指完全没有声音或者没有动静,突然静止不动。

silent主要指人不爱说话,沉默不语。

7)concern

be concerned about 担心,关心

as/so far as…be concerned 关于,至于,就某人而言

have no concern for 毫不关心

concern oneself in/with/about sth 忙于,从事;关心,关切

have a concern in 和……有厉害关系

be concerned in/with 参与,与……有关

8)separate v/adj 分开,和……分手;单独的,分开的,不同的

separate…from 使……和……分离

9)reason

lose one’s reason 失去理智,发狂

by reason of 由于

bring sb to reason 说服某人理智些

within reason 合理

without reason 不合理

listen to reason 听从道理

reason sb into/out of sth 以理说服某人做/不做某事

10)power

beyond /out of one’s power 力所不及的,不能胜任的

=not within one’s power

in power 当权的,握有政权的

come into power掌权,得势

11)habit

form / make a habit of doing=make it a habit to do sth 养成做某事的习惯

be in the habit of 有……的习惯

fall/get into a habit of 沾染(养成)……习惯

break(off)a habit=get out a habit 戒除一种习惯

form good habits 养成良好的习

out of habit 出于习惯

12)according to为介词短语,后跟名词,代词,不能很从句,表示“根据;按照;试……而定”。

according to其后引出的信息应来自别人或者别处,不能来自说话者自己。

according to其后不能跟opinion,view等名词。

according as 相当于连词,后跟从句,意为“正像,根据,按照,如果”。

13)join in

区别join;join in;take part in;attend

join 参加某个组织或者团体(党派,军队等),并且成为其中的一员。

join in 参加正在进行着的活动,如游戏,讨论,辩论,谈话等。

take part in 参加会议或者群众性的活动,并且在其中法会一定的作用。

attend 参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等。重在强调“参与”的动作,不强调参加者的作用。

14)dare

作实意动词有人称和数的变化,也有时态的变化;作情态动词,用于否定句,疑问句和条件句中,有时态的变化,但是没有人称和数的变化。

①在肯定据中的dare,dares,dared之后,不定式一遍加to。

②在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后,不定时一般不加to。

③在用do或者does构成的否定句和疑问句中,理论上虽然应该有to,实际使用却经常把to省略。

I dare say…我敢打赌说……

15)go through 经历;经受;通过考试;经过;审阅;检查

go with 伴随,与……协调 go up 上升;建起;上涨 go over检查,审查;复习,重温

go out 熄灭;公布;播出 go ahead 进行,进展;(with)赞同 go into从事,参加(某一行业);调查

16)get along with 同……相处;进展

get away 离开;逃避 get back 回来;拿回 get down 拿下;写下 get in 进入;收获

get down to 开始认真做…… get on/off 上/下车 get over 克服;战胜 get across 被理解

get through 完成;通过;接通电话 get up 起床 get it 明白,理解;猜中

17)with复合结构,也可以叫做独立主格结构,在格式上没有谓语动词,在句中常作状语,表示伴随,原因,方式,条件等。

①with+名词+介词短语。在句中作状语,作后置定语。

②with+名词/代词+过去分词。其中过去分词表示被动或者完成了的动作。

③with+名词/代词+现在分词。其中现在分词表示主动或者正在进行的动作。

④with+名词/代词+不定式。其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。

⑤with+名词/代词+形容词。

18)no longer=not…any longer 表示不再继续或者再现过去某一时刻发生或存在而一直延续的动作/状态时,常用于过去时、现在时或者将来时的句子中。

no more=not…any more 表示再也不重复过去反复发生的动作时,常用于过去时或者将来时的句子中。

When he saw the toy,the baby cried no longer.当看到玩具时,那婴儿不再哭了。

Now she wasn’t afraid any more..现在她再也不害怕了。

19)①settle down to 决心去做……,专心去做…… settle on/upon 决定……,选定……

②have trouble with 使伤脑筋,苦恼;跟某人闹别扭

ask for trouble 自讨苦吃 be in trouble 在困境中,有纠纷 get sb into trouble 陷入困境

make trouble 惹麻烦 put sb to trouble 麻烦某人 take the trouble to do 费力做

3.语法

直接引语变为间接引语(注意:变化时句子一定为陈述句语序。)

人称的变化

①直接引语中主语第一人称或者被第一人称所修饰,人称要与“讲话人”的人称一致。

②直接引语的第二人称,或者被第二人称所修饰,人称要与“听话人”的人称一致。

③直接引语中的第三人称不变化。

“一随主,二随宾,第三人称不更改”。

二、时态的变化

直接引语——间接引语

一般现在时——一般过去时

一般过去时——过去完成时

现在进行时——过去进行时

现在完成时——过去完成时

过去完成时——过去完成时

一般将来时——过去将来时

时态不变化的情况:

①直接引语是客观真理。

②直接引语是过去进行时,时态不变。

③直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语,变为间接引语时,时态不变。

④直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作,变间接引语,时态不变。⑤如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的形式(例:ought to, had better, used to)和已经是过去时的形式时,(例:could, should, would, might)不再变。

篇16:高二英语复习知识点总结精选

1.基础梳理

roll folk jazz musician pretend attach earn passer-by instrument cash stadio millionaire humorous actor reply attractive addition dip confident brief devotion invation beard sensitive painful above all

2.词语归纳

1)roll

作可数名词,表示“滚动,摇摆”。

还可以表示“名册”。

作动词,表示“滚动,旋转”。

roll by/roll on(岁月,时光的)流逝。

roll in大量涌入,不期然到达。

2)folk

作形容词,表示“民间的”,通常用作定语。

作名词,表示“人们”。

表示“家人,父母”,常用作复数 。

folks也可以用于称呼对方。

3)clap

表示“鼓掌,轻拍”。

clap eyes on sb/sth 看见某人/某物

clap sb into prison(未经审讯)迅速将某人送进监狱。

4)form

作动词,表示“组成,形成,成立,构成”。

form sb up将某人编入队伍。

作名词,表示“形式,外貌,表格”。

常见的词组有:a matter of form例行公务 after the form of跟……的格式 fill out/in a form填表 in the form of以……的形式 in form在形式上 good/bad form 有礼貌/失礼的行为

on/off form 处于良好的/不佳的状态 take form成形 take the form of 采取……的形式

in great form精神焕发

5)earn

表示“赚,挣得,获得”。

earn one’s living/livilihood/keep/(daily)bread谋生

6)instrument

表示“工具,仪器,手段”。

表示“文件,证件,证券”是法律用语,为可数名词。

7)hit

作名词,表示“轰动(或风行)一时的人或者是物,成功;打击”。

make a hit(with sb)给予某人良好的印象

hit也可作动词,表示“打,击中,碰撞”。如果表示“打某人的脑袋”,一般说hit sb on the head。

hit用作引申义,表示“使遭受(自然灾害,损失,痛苦等):达到,碰到,猜中”。

在口语中可以表示“突然想起”。

hit on/upon 偶然发现,忽然想到

hit the ceiling/roof 勃然大怒

8)sort

作名词,表示“种类,类别”。

sort of有几分,有点,有些,在一定程度上

out of sorts心绪不宁,身体不适。

sort作动词,表示“整理,分类”。

sort sth out(from sth)将某物拣出,整理。

9)stick

作动词,表示“黏贴,张贴,坚持”。

stick to sth坚持或维持某事物(尽管有困难等)继续做某事。

stick坚持不懈,坚持做;迟疑做(用在否定句或者疑问句里);气候。

stich by sb 继续支持并忠于某人。

stick together 团结一致

stick with sb/sth 支持某人/某物,保持与某人/某物之间的联系。

stick用于疑问句或者否定句表示“忍受,容忍”。

10)ability

表示“能力”后接不定式,介词for ,in 但不能接of doing。

to the best of one’s ability尽所其能。

11)perform

表示“做,完成,履行,执行”。

perform也可以表示“提供,演出,表演”。

12)pretend

表示“假装,装作”,是及物动词,后面接不定式,that从句,或名词。

pretend作不及物动词,后接介词to,表示“自以为有……”,其宾语是“学问,智慧,美德”等。

13)attach

attach importance to重视

be/become attach to 连在……上;附属于;热爱;依恋

attach to 认为有(重要性,意义等);归因于;适用于。

3.语法

定语从句(略)

1.精选5篇高一英语知识点总结

2.精选5篇高一英语知识点总结归纳

3.精选最全高一英语知识点总结归纳5篇

4.最新高三英语知识点总结归纳精选5篇

5.高三英语知识点总结归纳精选5篇

篇17:对联复习教案 (高二选修)

对联复习教案 (人教版高二选修)

王琳

【目标】

1、了解对联的发展概况。

2、掌握对偶、对仗、对联的区别和联系。

3、掌握对联的格律的基本要求。

4、学习对联写作。

5、预测对联题的其他出题方式。

【课时】2课时

第一课时

【要点】对联发展,对偶、对仗、对联区分,对联格律

【导入】

对联,是我国独有的一种文学艺术形式,传统文化之精华。它灵活鲜明,雅俗共赏,历来受到人们的喜爱。它能写景状物,能抒情言志,能说古道今,能褒贬讽谕。它要求以最少的字句,最简练的形式,唤起人们的最浓郁的美感,给人以最丰富的启迪,使人玩味深思,受到教益。

全国各地15套高考试卷中有7套含有撰写对联的题目,另一套出现涉及对联知识的题目。可以说,这是20高考试题的亮点之一。对联试题的出现,意味着高考在考查我们的语文能力和素养方面又开拓了一片新的天地,我们必须加强针对性的复习。

【过程】

一、对联的起源与发展

对联是从古代诗词、骈文中衍变而来的。在我国的谣谚、诗文、典籍中,很早就不断出现对偶句。如:

昔我往矣,杨柳依依;今我来思,雨雪霏霏。(《诗经.小雅.采薇》)

带长铗之陆离兮,冠切云之崔嵬。(《楚辞.涉江》)

智者乐水,仁者乐山。(《论语.雍也》)

楚歌非取乐之方,鲁酒无忘忧之用。

将军一去,大树飘零;壮士不还,寒风萧瑟。(庾信《哀江南赋》)

东汉末年就开始出现对联了。

唐代由于律诗的盛行,门联已比较普遍。

宋、元两代是对联的发展时期,明清是对联的繁盛时期。

二、对偶、对仗、对联的区分

1、 对偶:用字数相等,结构形势相同,意义对称的一对短语或句子表达两个相对或相近意思的修辞方式。有严对和宽对之分,严对要求上下两句字数相等、结构形势相同、词性相对、平仄相对、不用重复字。宽对只要求达到五项中的一部分就可以了。

2、 对仗:就是严格的对偶,像古代仪仗队排列两行,手持仪仗,两两相对,是一种比喻的说法。

3、 对联:俗称对子,通常是悬挂或粘贴在壁间柱上的一组对偶句,是汉语特有的一种文学样式。对联是对偶句,但对偶句不一定就是对联,只有这组对偶句意义较完整,可以独立运用,可以书写张贴,才可以称为对联。对联要讲究格律,对联的格律就是对仗。

三、对联格律的要求:

1、 字数相等

对联可长可短。不管长短,上下联的字数必须相等,上联(出句)是多少字,下联(对句)也应当是多少字。如果字数不相等,除特殊情况外,便不成为对联。

2、 句式一致

句式指的是句子节奏形式。上下联相对的句子,节奏形式应当相同。比如:“学问藏今古;文明播东西”,上下联都是“二一二”式。稍长的对联,半联不只一句,上下联句子字数和节奏形式都必须一致。

3、 词性相当

词性,或者说词类,在上下联对应位置,应当相同或相近。在现代汉语里,词可分为十一类:名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词、代词、副词、介词、连词、助词、叹词。对仗要求,原则上是名词对名词,动词对动词,形容词对形容词,以此类推。

4、 结构相应

这是说上下联在语法结构上相互照应,彼此对称。

词和词组构成的方式多种多样,有联合结构、偏正结构、主谓结构、动宾结构、动补结构、介宾结构等。上下联对应的词或词组,最好是联合结构对联合结构,偏正结构对偏正结构,依次类推

句子的成分,有主语,谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。结构相应,还要求主语对主语,谓语对谓语,宾语对宾语,依次类推。例如:“祖国江山好;大地气象新”中,上联“祖国江山”是偏正结构作主语,下联即以“大地气象”偏正结构作主语来对。

5、 平仄相对

汉字有四个声调,普通话四声,是阴平(第一声)、阳平(第二声)、上声(第三声)、去声(第四声),前二者是平声,后二者是仄声。这是我们必须了解的今平仄。对联关于平仄的格律,最重要的是,上联末尾字必须是仄声,下联末尾字必须是平声。

6、 内容相关

对联的上下联,内容要密切关联,形成一个有机整体,共同表达一个主题。而不能风马牛不相及,或者彼此孤立,各自为政;也不能一轻一重,相差悬殊,那样,内容的'关联就不密切了。

第二课时

【要点】学写对联、题型预测、备考建议

【导入】

上一节课我们学习了对联的有关知识后,有些同学已经很想自己写对联了,那么这一节课我们就来满足一下同学们的写作欲望,试着来写一写。

【过程】

一、高考试题讲练(教师讲解1、2题,其余学生讨论完成)

1.请为图书馆的对联补拟下联。 (2004年高考语文试题--浙江卷)

上联:学问藏今古

下联:__________

讲解:本题从句式上来说是“二一二”式,而且又是一图书馆楹联,由此我们便可以从图书馆的作用这一点上去思考,图书馆的作用至少有两个:一是藏书,二是传播知识。这样我们便可以认为上联说出了第一个作用即藏书,那么我们便可以对出下联“文明播东西”,“智慧贯西中”,“知识达亚欧”等。

2.下面两题都是春联的上联,请选择其中一题对出下联。4分(2004年高考语文试题---全国卷二)

第一题:春晖盈大地

科学能致富

第二题:国兴旺家兴旺国家兴旺

讲解:第一题“春晖盈大地”, “科学能致富”从句式上来说都是“二一二”式,内容上来讲是表达新春喜庆的气氛的,由此我们可以这样分别对出下联“瑞气满乾坤”,“温情洒人间”,“喜气入家门”;“勤劳可兴家”,“教育可兴邦”,“勤劳可聚财”等。

第二题“国兴旺家兴旺国家兴旺”,上联由 “国兴旺”,“家兴旺”,“国家兴旺”三个主谓结构分句组成;并且“国”,“家”又能组合成词语 “国家” ,词语“兴旺”又重复;内容都是表达对新年的美好祝愿 。下联我们即可这样对出“老平安少平安老少平安”,“老健康少健康老少健康”,“老吉祥少吉祥老少吉祥”,“出平安入平安出入平安”。

3.下面都是春联的上联,请选择其中一题对出下联。(4分) (2004年高考语文试题----全国卷)

第一题 扫千年旧习,_______________

祖国江山好,________________

第二题 冬去春来千条杨柳迎风绿, ______________________

4 .下面是一副对联的上联,请对出下联。(6 分)(2004年高考语文试题-----广东卷)

荔枝龙眼木瓜皆是岭南佳果

5.下面两题都是春联的上联,请选择其中一题对出下联。4分(2004年高考语文试题-----广西等省)

第一题 ①爆竹声声脆 ②满园春色好

第二题 爆竹声声旧风俗旧习惯随旧岁离去

6.下面两题都是春联的上联,请选择其中一题对出下联。4分(2004年高考语文试题全国卷四)

第一题:1.处处春光好

2.一代园丁乐

第二题:东风送暖大江南北春光好

7.请补写一句与上联字数相等,结构相似的下联(平仄不论)3分(福建卷)

上联:爱国诚信乃做人根本

下联:

练习题参考答案:3.树一代新风、大地气象新、民安国泰万里河山映日红 4、丹霞南华梅关均为粤北名胜、草原戈壁沙漠莫非塞北风光 5、祖国日日新、神州面貌新、春风习习新思想新气象伴新春到来 6、家家气象新、九州桃李荣 7、求实谦虚为治学前提

二、题型预测

2004年高考7道对联题都以同一种方式出现,我们暂且称之为“对句式”,除此之外,对联的考察还可能以以下方式出现:

1、 话题式。这种题型有点类似话题作文,它提供一个话题或一个语境,要求围绕这一话题自己拟写一幅对联,例如:某学校要开学了,学校办公室面向全校师生征集一幅开学典礼联,请你为该校拟一开学对联。参考联:望诸生,惜光阴,矢志成材须从开学起;仰良师,施化雨,丹心润物尽在传道中。

2、 配对式。这种题型一般有多个句子,要求选出两个句子组成一幅对联。做此类题目时,我们除了用到对联的“字数相等,词性相当,结构相应,句式相似,内容相关”等知识外,还必须根据“仄起平收”的特点来确定每幅对联中的上下联。

3、 改写式。这种题型一般是在一段文字中划出两个意义相对的句子,要求我们根据对联知识和语言的简明、连贯以及句式的选用、仿用、变换等知识进行改写。改写时可采用“增(增加词语)”“删(删除词语)”“调(调换词语位置)”“换(更换词语)”“留(留住关键词)”等方法。例如,把下面句子中的划线部分改写成一幅对联,用来作“画卷”的修饰语:经过几百个日日夜夜的奋战,长江截流工程终于胜利完成,中国人民在这奔腾不羁的长江边,展开了一幅把五千里长江斩断,把三峡无数山峰锁住的神奇画卷。划线部分可改为:斩断长江千里水,锁住三峡无数峰。

三、备考指导

a) 对联的拟写是一种新的题型,它能反映时代气息,与现实生活联系非常紧密,很好地体现了语文试题紧贴现实生活的命题方向,今年在多套高考试题中出现,估计以后还会在这方面出题,请大家引起高度重视,平时多看多练。

b) 它考察的内容是句子仿写,并不神秘。我们根据句子仿写的有关解答技巧和对联的一些特殊要求即可作答。要写出比较优秀的答案,那要靠我们平时的积累。

c) 拟写对联请注意审题,不能忽视题目上或明或暗的提示信息而偏离题意。是写春联就要突出新春的喜庆气氛,是写行业联就要联系行业特点等等。

d) 由于对联和诗文有特殊的关系,所以要求大家特别注意有对偶、对仗的诗文的背诵和填空。

王琳

篇18:高二英语Unit17 Disabilities知识点总复习教案

高二英语Unit17 Disabilities知识点总复习教案

高二英语Unit17 Disabilities知识点总复习教案 Section I  课前准备、听力、口语 1. Talk about disability? 谈一谈残疾 (p. 49 Goal 1) * disability和inability ▲ dis-和in-都是表示否定意义的前缀,但用在ability前,表示不同的意思,disability意为“残疾”,而inability意为“无能力”“没办法”。请比较下列例句,注意这两个词的不同意思。① I was surprised at her inability to do things promptly. 她不能迅速处事,我感到惊异。② She is deaf,but refuses to let her disability prevent her from doing what she wants to do. 她失聪,但她不让自己的残疾妨碍自己去做想做的事。③ His inability to pay his debts made his parents worried. 他无力偿还债务使他父母亲很着急。④ Her lack of experience is a severe disability. 她缺少经验是一个严重的障碍。 【注】ability的形容词是able,其前也有两个否定前缀,dis-和an-表示不同的意思,disable是动词,意为“使……伤残”,而unable则是形容词,表示“不能的”“不会的”。如:① That illness disabled him and left him unable to work. 那病使他残疾,不能工作。② An accident disabled him from teaching. 一次交通事故使他再也不能教书了。③ He seems unable to understand the simplest instructions. 他看来似乎连最简单的说明也不懂。④ He was unable to sleep at night because of his anxiety. 他因焦虑而晚上睡不着。 2. Imagine what difficulties and dangers you might face. 想像一下你可能面对的困难和危险。(p.49 Warming up Ex.1)  ▲ imagine (1) vt. imagine + 名词/代词/动名词/从句 ① Can you imagine a fat man like that climbing? 你能想像得出那样胖的人爬山吗? ② I cant imagine asking him for money. 我难以想像向他开口要钱。 注意:imagine不接不定式。只接动名词 ① Its hard to imagine a greater threat to world peace. 难以想像还有对世界和平更大的威胁。② You cant imagine how I missed the bird. 你想像不到我是多么想念那只鸟。 注意:imagine sb. to be结构,但不能说imagine sb. to do. 如: You imagine yourself (to be) in the place. 设想你处在这个位子上。 (×)  I can’t imagine you to do anything worse. (√ ) I can’t imagine you doing anything worse. 我难以想像你还能做更差的事。 (2) imagine可用于双重问句形式,其结构为特殊疑问句,imagine部分为插入部分,类似动词还有think, believe, suggest, suppose, guess等。① What do you think his explanation is? 你认为他的解释是什么? ② Which mouse do you imagine we should pick out? 你认为我们该挑哪种鼠标? 注意:该句型为特殊疑问句形式,所以回答时应用特殊疑问句的回答形式。-- How much do you think this car cost? 这车你认为值多少钱? -- I think it costs 4, 000 dollars. 我认为值4 000美元。 注意:此类动词反问句的构成有两种情况:当主句主语是第一人称时,反问根据从句;当主句主语为二、三人称时根据主句。① I think she is the best student in our class, isnt she? 我认为她是我们班最好的学生,不是吗? ② She thinks that he should have finished his work, doesnt she? 她认为他已完成了工作,是吗? (3) imagine,believe,suppose,think等词在构成否定句时一般要否定前移,同时注意这些词的.肯定、否定答复。① I dont think he will be the likeliest candidate for the manager of human resource department. 我认为他将不是人力资源部经理最可能的人选。② I dont think that he did the best. 我认为他并非最好。③ --Do you think Tom is the best student in our class? 你认为汤姆在我们班上是最好的学生吗? -- Yes, I think so. (肯定答复)是,我认为是。-- No, I think not / I dont think so. (否定回答)不,我认为不是。 联想:(派)imagination n. 想像,想像力;空想; imaginary adj. 想像中的、虚构的;imaginative adj. 富于想像力的;有创见的image n. 形象、印象。 ▲ might 情态动词might表推测“可能”,另外表推测的情态动词还有must,may,can,could等词,用来表示对现在情况推测时后加动词原形;对过去情况推测时后加have done形式;might可能性比must,may弱,且must只用于肯定句,can只用于否定或疑问句。① Wed better hurry. Our teacher must be waiting for us. 快点,我们老师肯定正在等我们。② You mustnt play with the knife. It might hurt your hand. 不要玩刀子,它会割伤你的手。③ Peter may come with us, but he isnt sure. 彼得可能会跟我们来,但他拿不定主意。④ He must have finished his homework. 他肯定已经完成作业了。⑤ He cannot have attended your lecture yesterday. I saw him in the cinema. 他昨天不可能去听你的演讲了,我在电影院看见他了。 3. Share your ideas with the class and try to think of ways to make public places safer and better for the disabled. 跟全班同学分享你的想法并尽力想出办法使公共场所对于残疾人更安全、更好。( p.49 Warming up Ex.2) ▲ share (1) vt. 合用、分担、分享 ① Everyone in the house share the bathroom. 在此房间的人共用此浴室。② She never shares any of her husbands worries. 她从不担她丈夫的忧愁。③ May I share your umbrella? 我可以用你的伞吗? 短语:share...wire... 与……共用…… ① Let me share the newspaper with you. 让我们一起看这张报纸。 ② Ill share the cost with you. 我将与你共同分担这费用。 (2) vi. 共用、分享share in ① I havent enough books for everyone, some of you will have to share. 我没有足够多的书提供给每一个人;你们中的一部分要与人合用一本。 ② Lets share in your joy. 让我们共享你的快乐。 (3) n. 份 a share一份 拓展:share and share alike平分、均摊; go shares平分 take ones share 尽自己的一份责任; shareware 共享软件 share holding 股权; share holder 股票持有人 ▲ make复合结构的几种情况 make + n. (宾语) + 补语 名词 make sb. a singer 形容词 make the door open 省to不定式 make sb. do sth. (被动时不省to) 过去分词make sb. understood ① They made him captain. 他们选他当队长。② The news made her sad. 这消息使她悲伤。③ They made me repeat it. = I was made to repeat it. 他们让我重说。④ Speak louder in order to make yourself heard. 声音大一点,以便让别人听到你说什么。 拓展:make常用短语: be made of (看出材料)由……制成; be made from (看不出材料)由……制成; be made into 制成……; be made in 产自……; be made up of 由……组成; make up 编造,弥补,组成; make the beds 铺床; make laws 制定法律; make a noise 喧闹; make progress 取得进步; make war 发动战争; make peace 讲和; make a mistake 出错; make tea 泡茶; make plans 制定计划; make a fire 生火; make enemies 树敌; make a fortune 发财; make a price 定价; make a promise 许诺; make it 约定、实现目标; make oneself at home 别客气 Section II  阅读 4. I know people are trying to help, but I wish they wouldn’t treat me as if I were a child. 我知道人们试图帮助我,但是我希望他们不要把我看成孩子。(p.51 Reading 第一段 第1行) ▲ try (1) vt. 尝试、打算、努力做 * try to so sth. 尽力做……① Ill work hard and try to improve. 我努力工作并努力提高。② He tried to break away from me. 他想摆脱我。 (2) vt. 试用、试试。try + 名词 / 代词 / -ing ① Try my pen. 试试我的钢笔。② Were going to try a new treatment. 我将试用一种新疗法。③ He tried writing out his view. 他试着写出自己的想法。④ Try knocking at the back door if nobody hears you at the front door. 如果敲前门没人听到,那就试着敲敲后门。 注意:try to do和try doing的不同意义;还有许多后接不定式和动名词时意义不同的动词,常用的有: mean to do 打算做……; mean doing 意味着……; regret to do sth. 遗憾要做; regret doing 遗憾做过某事; forget to do 忘记去做…;  forget doing 忘记做过…… remember to do 记得要做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 stop to do 停下来做(另一件事) stop doing停止做 (正在做的事) go on to do 继续做(另一件事) go on doing继续(同一件事) (3) n. 试一试 have a try试一试 辨析:try to do与 manage to do try to do sth. 为尽力做某事,不强调结果,而manage to do 相当于 succeed in doing 强调实现某一目标。 5. … and she won an award for young scientists last. 去年曾获小科学家奖。(p.51 Reading 第一段第4行) * award和reward ▲ award作名词时意思是“奖金”“奖品”。如:① The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. 奥林匹克优胜者获得一枚金质奖章作为奖品。② He received an award of 1000 dollars for having saved a little boy. 他因救了一个小男孩而得到一千美元的奖金。 ▲ award可作为动词用,意为“授予”“奖给”“给予”。如:① The university awarded her a scholarship. 学校授予她奖学金。② They awarded her a medal for bravery.她表

篇19:八年级英语复习教案

一、教材分析

(一)教材的地位及作用

本课是新目标英语八年级上册第8单元,教材以 How was your school trip ? 为中心话题,围绕着描述“过去发生的事情”展开,学习和运用一般过去时态的一般疑问句Did you go/see /buy…? Were there any…?询问过去的事件,让学生学会谈论和分享过去发生的事件。本课教学内容与学生的实际生活密切相关,易于引发学生运用简单的英语进行交际和交流。在学习活动中,学生通过交换对过去发生的事情的描述及看法,促进学生之间和师生之间的情感交流,增进情谊。Section A的主要学习内容是:复习一般过去时态和动词的规则与不规则变化,学习一般过去时态的两种一般疑问句: Did you…? Were there any …?教材安排了许多听,说,读,写的任务活动,我将灵活运用这些活动,将其中的一些活动进行变化或整合,如:1c,2c和3c的Pairwork活动内容相似,我将把2c和3c整合成一个Interview(采访)的任务活动。

(二)教学目标

根据《英语课程标准》关于总目标的具体描述,结合第八单元的教材内容,我按语言知识、语言技能、学习策略、情感态度、文化意识五个方面将本单元的教学目标细化:

1、知识目标:单词:学习掌握词汇aquarium,, gift shop, seal, shark, hang out等。

功能:描述过去发生的事情

语言结构:规则动词和不规则动词的一般过去式

一般过去时的一般疑问句

句型:Did you go to the zoo? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. I went to the aquarium. Were there any seals? Yes, there were. No, there weren’t any sharks.I saw some sharps/ I went to the aquarium.

2、语言技能:听:能识别不同句式的语调,并能根据语调变化,判断句子意义的变化;能听懂本课学习活动中的问题,做出较得体的回答。

说:能在本课的任务型活动如:游戏、调查、故事接龙等中进行简单有交流。

读:能正确朗读本单元对话和句型;能查阅工具书为完成任务做准备。

写:能写出本节课学习的单词和句型,能运用简单的句子写出过去的活动和感受。

3、学习策略:抓住用英语交际的机会,在交际中把注意力集中在意思的表达上,必要时借

助手势和表情。

主动参与学习活动,善于和他人合作。

4、情感目标:通过描述过去所做的事,表达自己的看法,使学生在人际交往中学会尊重和理解别人,学会交换不同的看法,了解他人的喜好,增进情谊。

5、文化意识:用恰当的方式表达赞扬或自己的观点;了解英、美国家中小学生的业余生活,培养世界意识。

二、学情分析

1.初二上期的学生经过一年多的学习,有了一定的英语基础知识和听说能力,正逐渐向读、写过渡,同时,学生们对英语学习还保持着较浓厚的兴趣。经过一年的新课程理念的熏陶及实践,有了初步的自主、合作、探究、实验的能力。

2.本单元学情剖析:本单元的主题是谈论过去的事情,可以采用活动教学法和Role playing的学习策略,学习新词汇,掌握重点句型,同时能比较好地运用到实践中,解决类似问题。做到既能巩固所学知识,又能提高解决问题的能力以及综合运用语言能力。

三、教法渗透

1、教学设计思路与教材处理:

《新目标英语》中的具体语言目标是通过各种各样的Tasks来实现的;学生需要运用具体而特定的行动来完成一定的交际任务。整个教学过程中,各种语言结构与语言功能与不同的学习任务有机的结合。任务活动所谋求的效果不是一种机械的语言训练,而是侧重在执行任务中学生自我完成任务的能力和策略的培养;重视形式在完成任务过程中的参与和在交流活动中所获得的经验。因此本节课我将始终引导学生通过完成具体的任务活动来学习语言,让学生为了特定的学习目的去实施特定的语言行动,通过完成特定的交际任务来获得和积累相应的学习经验,让学生在用中学,在学中用(Learning by using, learning for using)。

2、教学原则

l 活动性原则 提倡学生主动参与,体验,交流,合作,探究等多种学习。

l 合作性原则 以学生为主体,师生合作,生生合作,体现教与学的互动,交往。

l 任务型原则 任务驱动—激发动机;任务完成—激励学习积极性;执行任务—培养责任心和合作精神。

l 情感性原则 激发学生学习英语的兴趣和始终保持良好的学习情绪。

3、教法运用:

本课主要运用“任务型教学法”,并辅助于TPR 全身反应教学法、情景交际教学法和游戏活动。

4、教学手段

l 多媒体辅助:用flash 软件将本课所需要的动画、录音、图片、文字、图表和音乐制成CAI软件,使抽象的语言变得直观,为学生运用英语进行交际创设情景,实现师生互动,生生互动和人机互动的多向交流。

l 非测试性评价:传统的评价观念的出发点是学科本位,只重学科,不重学生发展。 要体现新课程标准的实施效果,评价体系应该“正确反映外语学习的本质和过程,满足学生发展的需要”。为了达到这一目标,唯有重视形成性评价,充分发挥其积极作用,促进新的评价体系的形成。因此,本课我将各种活动设计成小组活动并开展小组竞赛和填写课堂自我评价表等非测试性评价手段,帮助学生学会自主学习,学会与人合作,培养创新意识以及具备科学的价值观。

四、学法指导

新制定的《英语课程标准》把“培养学生学习英语的兴趣,树立自信心,培养良好学习习惯和形成有效策略,发展自主学习和合作精神”放在了首位。依据课改的精神,我从以下几个方面对学生进行学法指导。

1、学习方法的指导

培养学生观察力,想象力,记忆力以及思维能力。用生动的课件调动学生的感官进行听说读写的训练。

2、学习积极性的调动

我在教学过程中创造一种开放的,和谐的,积极互动的语言氛围,把课堂变成有声有色的舞台,让学生在乐中学。

3、学习能力的培养

通过连贯的听说读写,游戏,竞赛等,培养学生的交际能力,发展他们的思维能力。

4、学习策略的指导

本节课将在课堂活动中把学生分成四人小组的学习小组,让他们围绕着课堂任务分工合作,在活动中相互探讨、相互交流、相互合作,从而获得知识、技能和情感体验,发展他们的能力。创建开放式,探究式的课堂,有意识渗透学习策略的训练。我让学生观察课件画面,回答问题,让学生学会使用认知策略;让学生表演对话,实现交际策略;引导学生交际,主动练习和实践,是调控策略的体现。充分利用多媒体,录音,卡片等是资源策略。

篇20:高三英语复习教案(网友来稿)

高三英语复习教案

(SB2-units1-2)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

yard,horse-drawn,sign,film-maker,strict,button,castle,garage, beard, imagine, in t he hope of, take along, bring on, lose heart, day after day, used to, pick up, go through,go straight ahead,be well-known as an artist, be pleased with, have no idea, in this way smoker,packet, chance, public, club, cigarette, typewriter, nation, habit, therefore drug, smelly, share,give up, persuade sb. to do sth., go ahead, ask sb.for permission, at present,millions of, be caused by, sales of tobacco, fall asleep, catch fire,burn down, one third of, a packet of cigarettes, one third of/a third of, persuade sb.to do sth., die from, be reduced by, compared with, remain in business, encourage sb. to do sth., give up, be used to, get sb. into the habit of, call for.

2.句型

(1)Excuse me. Can you tell me the way to…?

(2)Excuse me. How can I get to …→

(3)Go through the gate and you’ll…

(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the…?

(5)Do you mind if I do…?

(6)Would you mind if I did…?

(7)Do(would)you mind(one/one’s)doing…?

(8)I wonder if I can/could do…

3.语法

1.学习名词性从句作宾语的用法

2.名词性从句作表语

5.交际用语

(1)Go straight ahead till you see…

(2)It’s about…yards/metres down this street.

(3)Excuse me. How can I get to …?

(4)Excuse me, please. Where’s the nearest men’s room?

(5)Do you mind if I do…?

(6)I’m sorry, but it’s not allowed.

(7)Would you mind if I did…?No. Go ahead.

(8)I wonder if I could use your phone. Sure, go ahead.

二、考点精析与拓展

1.take 短语归纳

take along 带着,带在身边;take one’s place 坐某人的座位,代替某人的职位;take medicine 吃药;take steps采取步骤;take measures采取措施;take advice 接受建议;take a taxi坐出租车;take a look at 看;take a bath/walk/rest/trip洗澡/散步/休息/旅行;take away拿走; take down拿下,记录下;take back 带回,收回(话);take off脱下(衣、鞋、帽),(飞机)起飞;take out取出;take place 发生;take the place of代替,取代;take up 开始,拿起;take a deep breath深呼吸;take one’s temperature量体温;take a photo照像;take a photograph of给……拍照;take one’(a)seat 坐下,坐好;take aim at 瞄准;take charge of 负责(管理某事或照顾某人);take…for把……误当作;take hold of 抓住;take interest对……发生兴趣;take it easy别紧张,别过累;take notes作笔记;take notice of 注意;take office就职;take a new look on呈现新面貌;take on workers 雇佣工人;take part in参加(活动);take pride in 为……而骄傲;take the lead带头;take trouble费劲(力);take the side of 支持某人(方);take a day off某一天休假,不工作;take one’s time从容行事,慢慢来;take turns轮流。

[应用]完成句子。

①你为什么不带你妈妈参加音乐会呢?

Why don’t you ________ _______ your mother__________to the concert?

②墙上的地图太旧了,取下来吧。The map on the wall is to old. _________ _________ ________.

③对不起,我收回我刚才的话。Sorry. I _______ _______ what I said just now.

④我把他当成我弟弟了。I ________him _________ my younger brother.

Key:①take,along ②Take, it ,down ③take, back ④took,for

2.sign

1)用作名词:traffic signs交通标志;road signs 路标;

signs for the rest rooms厕所标志:signs of heart trouble 心脏病的迹象,signs of rain/earthquake下雨/地震的预兆。

2)用作动词,表示“签名,作手势”。如:sign one’s name签名;sign the agreement 签署协议;sign to sb.朝某人做手势;sign to sb.to do sth.做手势让某人干某事。

[应用]完成句子

①董事长在文件上签了名。The president_______ ______ ______to the paper.

②警察做手势叫我停下。The policeman ________ ________ ________ _______.

Key:①singed,his,namevv②singed,me,to,stop

3.ahead短语归纳

go ahead朝前走,请便(同意对方继续干或同意对方的请求);go ahead (on)with… 继续;ahead of在……前面,早于,优先;ahead of time提前

[应用]完成句子

①他朝前走去看看发生了什么事情。He ________ ________ to see what had happened.

②我可以坐这个座位吗?请坐吧。May I take this seat?________ _______.

③汤姆的数学比玛丽好。Tom is ________ _______ Mary in maths.

④她比我早到2个小时。She arrived two hours _______ _______me.

⑤他们已提前三周完成了设计。They have completed the design ________ _______ ________ _______time.

Key:①went,ahead ②Go,ahead ③/ ④ahead,of ⑤three,weeks,ahead,of

4.祈使句+and+陈述句

1)这种结构可以替换成“条件句+陈述句”。如:

Work hard,and you’ll be successful in time./If you work hard,you will be successful in time.

只要你努力,一定会成功。

注意:祈使句后and可替换成then.

2)祈使句+or+否定陈述句=否定条件句+否定陈述句。如:

Get ready or you won’t pass the test./ If you don’t get ready,you won’t pass the test.

做好准备,要不你小测验不会及格的。

注意:祈使句后的or可替换成otherwise.

6.只能接动名词作宾语的词

1)动词:admit,advise,consider,delay,enjoy,excuse,escape, finish, forbid, imagine, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest, understand

2)词组:insist on, think of, give up, dream of, hear of,depend on,feel like,devote to, be used to,can’t help,prevent… from,look forward to, put off, be worth

[应用]选择正确答案

①The squirrel was lucky that it just missed ________.

A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch

②Only one of these books is _________.

A.worth to read B.worth being read C.worth of reading D.worth reading

③I really enjoy ________ that kind of job.

A.do B.doing C.to do D.to be doing

④“What are you going to do this morning?”

“I’m thinking of _______ to visit my aunt.”

A.go B.going C.having gone D.my going

Key:①C ②D ③B ④B

7.只能接不定式作宾语的动词

下列动词只能接不定式作宾语,不能接动名词:

agree,ask,choose, decide, demand,expect, hope,learn,long, manage,offer,plan,promise, pretend, refuse,wish,set out, determine, would love.

[应用]选择正确答案

①We agree _______ here but so far she hasn’t turned up yet.(MET’95)

A.having met B.meeting C.to meet D.to have met

②She pretended __________ me when I passed by.(MET’89)

A.not to see B.not seeing C.to not see D.having not seen

③Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.(met’92)

A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking

Key:①C ②A ③A

8.in the hope of

该短语表示“期待,抱有……的希望”,后接名词、代词或动名词,可替换成:in the hope that 从句或hoping to…。对比:

They got up very early in the hope of catching the first bus.

他们起得很早,希望能赶上头班车。

注意:have the hope of…/There be hope of…有希望

对比:She has the hope of success.

她有成功的希望。

There is still hope of persuading him to change his mind.

还有希望说服他改变主意。

[应用]一句多译:

他到那里去,希望买一些新鲜鱼。

He went there in the hope of buying some fresh fish./He went there in the hope that he could buy some fresh fish./He went there hoping to buy some fresh fish.

9.imagine

1)接名词、代词:You can’t imagine the life on the island.你无法想象岛上的生活。

2)接动名词:She never imagined her going abroad for further education.她从没设想过会出国深造。

3)接从句:You can’t imagine how worried I was those days.你想象不到那几天我是多么焦虑啊。

4)接复合宾语:The boy imagined himself to be a hero. 这男孩把自己想象成了英雄。

[应用] 选择正确答案

I can hardly imagine Peter ______across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(MET’91)

A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed

Key:C

10.“at+名词”表示“在进行,从事”

at work 在工作;at table在吃饭;at play 在做游戏;at sea 出海;at university/college在上学;at night school在上夜校;at dinner/table在吃饭;at peace处于和平状态;at war在交战,在打仗

[应用]完成句子。

①别人在工作,不要吵闹。

Don’t make any noise while others are ______ ________.

②孩子们在游戏,而他们的父母正在吃饭。

The children were ______ ________ while their parents were_______ _______.

Key:①at, work ②at,play,at,dinner

11.open

1)用作动词:open a door/window/a small shop/one’s hand/one’s eyes/one’s mouth/fire开门/开窗/开一家小商店/张开手/睁开眼/张开嘴/开火;be opened to traffic通车;open up开采(发)

2)用作形容词:keep open开着门;be open开门、开业;cut…open切开;leave the door open 开着门;in the open air 在野外;an open secret公开的秘密;keep one’s eyes open睁眼

[应用]选择正确答案

①John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes________.(MET’92)

A.open B.to be opened C.to open D.opening

②Some new oilfields ________since 1976.

A.were opened up B.has been opened up C.have been opened up D.had been opened up

③The computer center, _________ last year,is very popular among the students in this school.

A.open B.opening C.having opened D.opened

Key:①A ②C ③D

12.区别下列用法

1)as(so)far as 和……一样远,远至(原级比较或表示距离);就……来讲

2)as(so)long as 和……一样长(原级比较);只要(引导条件状语从句)

3)as well as和……一样好;既……也……(连接并列成分)

4)as good as和……一样好;事实上(作状语)

[应用]完成句子

①他们实际上已经答应帮助我们了。They have ________ _______ ______ promised to help us.

②油漆后的这辆自行车和新的一样。Painted, this bike is _______ _____ ______ a new one.

③小李英语说得和汉语一样好。Xiao Li speaks English ______ ______ _____ she speaks Chinese.

④他和他的父母对我都很好。He _______ ______ ______his parents is kind to me.

⑤晚饭后我们一直到走山脚下。After supper we walked _______ ______ ______the foot of the hill.

⑥就我所知,他将离开两个月。______ ______ ______I know, he’ll be away for two months.

⑦只要努力,你一定会成功。________ _________ ________you work hard, you’ll succeed in time.

⑧这座新建的桥据说和旧的一样长。This newly – built bridge is said to be ______ _______ _____the old one.

Key:①②as good as;③④as well as ⑤as far as ⑥As, far,as ⑦As/so,long,as ⑧as,long,as

13.形容词+with

be pleased with sb./sth.对……满意;be satisfied with 对……满意;be busy with sth.忙于某事;be careful with 对……注意、细心;be connected with与……有联系;be lined with 排列,站队;be patient with sb.对某人有耐心;be popular with受欢迎;be strict with sb.对某人严格要求;be wrong with 出毛病,不顺心;be disappointed with对……失望;be angry with sb.生某人的气

[应用]完成句子

①作为一名老师你应该对学生有耐心。As a teacher you should_______ _______ ______ your students.

②每条路旁都栽上了树。Every road ______ ______ _____ trees.

③我们老师对工作认真,对学生也很严格。

Our teacher is not only strict _________ his work but also________his students.

④夫妻都忙于工作,因而无暇顾及孩子。

Both husband and wife _______ ______ ______their work,so they have no time to care for the child.

Key: ①be, patient,with ②is, lined,with ③in, with ④are,busy,with

14.heart短语归纳

lose heart 失去信心;lose one’s heart to sb./sth.爱上某人/事;give heart to sb.鼓励某人;give one’s heart sb./sth.爱上某人/事;put one’s heart into 一心扑在某事上;heart and soul全心全意地;have a kind heart有一幅好心肠;break one’s heart使某人伤心;learn…by heart 记住,背诵;with a heavy/light heart 心情沉重地/轻松愉快地

[应用]完成句子

①这个队一场比赛未赢,结果灰心了。The team had won no game and it ________ ________.

②我们很奇怪她怎么爱上一个外国老头。

We wonder why she ________ _________ ________ _______an old foreigner.

③世上无难事,只怕有心人。

Nothing is too difficult in the world if you _______ _______ ________ _______it.

④全心全意地为人民服务是一个党员的义务。

It’s the duty of a Party member to serve the people ________ _________ _________ __________.

Key:①lost,heart ②lost,her,heart,to ③put,your,heart,into ④heart,and,soul

15.in the last few years.

该短语意为“最近几年”,常和现在完成时连用,表示以前某时开始一直延续至说话时的动作或状态。in可被during或over 替换。常用的还有:during the past ten days过去的10天里;over the last 5 months过去的5个月里;in the past few weeks 过去的几周里如:

We’ve learned quite a lot of English over the past three years.

三年来我们学了不少英语。

[应用]单句改错

①Many factories were built in the last ten years in my hometown.

②Both my father and mother have been busy since the past few weeks.

Key:①改were 为have been ②改since为for/in/over

16.reduce

reduce the number of减少……的数量;

reduce the cost/one’s weight/the price/speed降低成本/减肥/降价/减速

注意:reduce是increase的反义词。与by连用表示“减少了多少”;与to连用则表示“减少到多少”。

[应用]完成句子

①今年吸烟人数已减少了30%

The number of smokers has been reduced _________30%.

②现在一辆自行车的成本已降低到50美元。

Now the cost of a bike has been reduced _______50 dollars.

Key:①by ②to

17.chance

1)用于短语:

give sb.a chance给某人一次机会;

have a chance to do sth.有机会做;

miss a chance错过机会;

lose a chance失去机会;

2)用于句型:

The chance is that…/ The chances are that…表示“有可能……”(句型中的The和That 可省略)。如:

The chance is (that)she’s already heard the news. 可能她已听到那则消息了。

Chances are that the new machine will arrive tomorrow. 新机器可能明天到。

3)后接of 或that从句表示“可能性”。如:

He has no chance of winning the match. 他不可能赢得这次比赛。

There is a chance that I will see him. 我有可能见到他。

[应用]一句多译:

那里有可能藏着蛇。

The chances are that there is a snake over there.

There is a chance of a snake hiding there.

There is a chance that a snake is over there.

18.cause v.导致,引起

1)接名词:cause an accident/trouble/death/a fire/a serious illness/damage引起事故/惹麻烦/导致死亡/引起大火/导致重病/造成损害

2)接双宾语:cause sb.pain/trouble/damage给某人带来痛苦/麻烦/损害

3)接复合宾语:cuase sb. to do sth使某人做某事

[应用]完成句子

①什么使她改变了计划? What _______ _______ ______ _______her plan?

②地震使所有的楼房倒塌了。 The earthquake ________ all the buildings ________ _______.

Key:①caused,her,to,change ②cuased,to,fall

19.permission短语归纳

ask for permission请求许可;

ask sb.for permission to do sth.请求某人允许做某事;

ask permission to do sth.请求得到允许做某事;

give sb.permission to do sth.允许某人做;

with one’s permission经某人允许;

without one’s permission 未经允许;

如:You have to ask the teacher for permission to do that.你应该得到老师的同意再去做那件事。

You have to ask permission to go there.你应该请求许可到那里去。

[应用]选择正确答案

No permission has _______ for anybody to enter the building. (MET’88)

A.been given B.given C.to give D.be giving

Key:A

20.接不定式和动名词意义不同的词

1)remember doing/having done记得曾做过某事remember to do记住去做某事 对比:

Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?

Please remember to write to your parents when you get there.

2)regret doing/having done 后悔做了(或没做)某事/regret to do遗憾地去做某事 对比:

I regret telling her the truth.

I regret to say that you are completely wrong.

3)try to do 尽力去做/try doing 试着去做

对比:She tried to learn it by heart.

She tried adding more salt to the soup.

4)forget doing 忘记曾经做过/forget to do忘记去做

对比:I forget reading about it in a magazine.

Don’t forget to shut off the gas when you finish cooking.

5)stop doing 停止做/stop to do 停止某一动作去作另一动作(说明停止的目的)

对比:They didn’t start until it stopped raining .

We stopped to see what was going on.

6)mean doing 意味着/mean to do 打算,意图做

对比:Missing the train means waiting for an hour.

I meant to come, but a friend of mine went to see me .

7)want doing 需要(物作主语,动名词主动表示被动)/want to do 想做(人作主语)

对比:The wall wants painting. I want to paint the wall myself.

21.go/do without

该短语表示“没有……将就着也行”。Without既是介词也是副词,亦即带不带宾语都行。

[应用]完成句子

①他没钱买电视,只能过着没有电视的日子。He had no money for a TV set,so he had to ____ _____ _____.

②我们没有地图也行。We have no map but we can ________ ________

Key:①go,without,it ②do,without

三、精典名题导解

1. These photographs will show you_________.

A.what does our village look like B.what our village look like

C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like

本题答案为B。

精析:该题考查两方面的内容:a)宾语从句的语序问题;b)表示“……看起来像……”时,该用什么结构。通常情况下,宾语从句中应用正常语序,即:主语+谓语,不用倒装语序,A、C应排除。当我们要表示“某人或某事物像……”之意时,须用“what…look like”的结构,D不符。

2._________him and then try to copy what he does.(NMET 199912)

A.Mind B.Glance at C.Stare at D.Watch

本题答案为D。

精析:该题考查两点:a)检查使用祈使句+and…,祈使句+or的掌握情况;b)考查表感观一组词之区别。根据词义A可排除;“glance at”表“看一看”,指“一看”的动作,显然不合题意舍去。“stare at”表示“盯”

“凝视”之意,也不合题意,删去。Watch表示“注视”的意思,正合题意。

表语从句是近年高考中考查重点之一,其原因有三:一是该从句很容易与宾语从句相混淆;二是它与主语从句在某些用法上有共同之处;三是动词不定式,v-ing短语也可做表语,用起来极难区别。此外,交际用语的问语、答语形式也是高考常考的题型之一,学习和复习时,应倍加留心。

3.-Do you mind my taking this seat? -__________. (NMET 199513)

A.Yes,sit down please B.No,of course not C.Yes,take it please D.No,you can’t take it

本题答案为B。

精析:此题考查的目的是:检查考生对由that引起的问句应如何回答。通常,回答这种问句的方式有两种:1)如果表示同意某人做某事(即表示不反对、或不介意)常可答:No,of course not. Certainly not.No,not at all. Oh,no,please.或No,go ahead;2)如表示不同意某人做某事(即表示介意),可答:I’m sorry,but…Sorry,but I’m afraid you can’t.从所提供答案来看,A、C、D均不合题意,删除。B与题意相符。

4.Go and get your coat. It’s __________ you left it.(NMET 199115)

A.there B.where C.there where D.where there

本题答案为B。

精析:此题是考查表语从句的用法。A.there不能引导表语从句,排除;C.there where you left it,there之后不能用where引导的从句来修饰,故排除;D.where there,既用了引导词where,就不能再用there,所以D也须舍去。

5.-Do you mind if I keep pets in this building? -___________.

A.I’d rather you didn’t,actually B.Of course not,it’s not allowed here C.Great!I love pets D.No,you can’t

本题答案为A。

精析:B、D选项直接拒绝,语气过于生硬,不友好,C项过于热情,不合实际,A项则回答得很委婉,有礼貌。

6.We all agree with him on_______he said.

A.what B.that C.why D.how

本题答案为A。

精析:位于介词之后的宾语从句一般不能由what引导,但介词except、in、but、besides除外,此题题干所给的介词是on,所以,B不对。表示“所说(做,想)的”等意思时,应用what,不用why,how.

7.I won’t go with you. It’s _________ cold outside today.

A.so much B.too much C.very so D.much too

本题答案为D。

精析:因cold为形容词,不能用so much来修饰。very to为错误表达方式,故排除。too much 可用来修饰名词、动词。much too表“实在太”之意,用来修饰形容词与副词。

8.It’s wrong ________ help him.

A.for you to B.for you not to C.of you to D.of you not to

本题答案为D。

精析:英语中形容词可分两类:一是描述主语的品行、道德行为的,如:

nice,good,wrong,careful,careless,foolish,clever等。这类形容词之后的不定式复合结构常用介词of,其常用结构为:It’s+此类形容词+of sb.to do…;另一类是描述主语的性质特点的,如:

hard,easy,difficult,necessary,important等。用此类形容词时,其后的不定式复合结构,须用介词for。因本句的形容词是wrong,A、B排除;C为肯定式,不合题意,舍去。

9.-Would you go to the concert with me? -_________,but I’m very busy now.

A.I’d like to B.Sure C.No problem D.Certainly

本题答案为A。

精析:根据两者对话的内容结果来看,答方因自己目前很忙,委婉拒绝了对方的邀请。按照英美人的习惯,即使是拒绝对方的邀请,也要让对方觉得自己是愿意接受对方邀请的,只是由于某种客观条件的不允许,因故不能前往。B、C、D是表同意对方邀请之答语,不合题意舍去。

(SB2-units3-4)

一、单元考点提示

1.重点单词

handshake agreement Asian guest custom proud manner disagree comfortable nod wave fist manage distance composition type juice rose check magazine fix hand rail chief event immediately develop addlorry weekly suitable speed daily

2.重点短语

take…for example 以……为例 accept…as 认为……是 kiss sb.goodbye 吻别

obey the customs 遵守习俗 keep a certain distance 保持一定的距离 face to face 面对面地

take a photograph 照……相 get down 开始(认真做某事) as well as 也,又

be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎 work on 从事

3.重点句型

What (How)about…?

make oneself understood

while表对比

either…or;not… but…

They are said to be very good.

There is no more time left for adding new stories.

4.交际英语

Can /shall I help you?

Would you like some help?

Would you like me to do…?

Where is the best place to meet?

Shall we meet at six?

What time shall we meet?

Do you know what they are?

5.语法

部分否定;

with + n. + 补足成分构成独立主格结构;

动词不定式作主语时的形式主语it;

疑问词后跟动词不定式;

动名词作主语和宾语。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.manage vt.经营;设法;对付

She managed the house very well. 她把家管理得很好。

We managed to finish the work ahead of time. 我们设法提前完成了任务。

I shan’t be able to manage without help. 没有人帮助,我无法办到。

[辨析] manage to do sth. /try to do sth.

manage to do sth.强调已达到目的或出现了结果,含“成功”之意。try to do sth.意为“试图或尽力做某事”,多表示一种企图或决心,而不表示一定成功。如:

we’ve managed to make up for the lost time. 我们设法把失去的时间补了回来。

He tried to pass the examination,but failed. 他努力想通过考试,但没成功。

2.pleasure n.荣幸;愿意

It’s my pleasure to help you.愿意为你效劳。

It’s a pleasure for me to be invited to the party.应邀参加晚会我深感荣幸。

3. You can take it for example that he always helps the old. 你可以把他帮助老人这件事作为一个例子。

Take Peter as an example, he is brave and kind. 以彼得为例,他既勇敢又善良。

4.not…but … 不是……而是……

Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.莎士比亚不是音乐家而是作家。

Not the students but the teacher is hoping to visit the Great Wall.不是学生而是老师希望去参观长城。

He can’t read or write in English,but can speak English fluently.

他不能读英语和写英语,但能流利地说英语。

They neet not money but time. 他们所需要的不是钱,而是时间。

5.[辨析] for example / such as

for emample 用来举例说明,例子通常是一个。它可放在所举例子的前面,也可放在后面;such as 用来列举事物,只能放在所列举的事物的前面。另外,只列举有代表性的事物,并不全部列出。如:

Some students are often late for school, Li Ling ,for emample .

有些学生上学经常迟到,例如李玲。

He can speak several foreign languages, such as English, Janpanese,

German and so on.

他会说好几种外语,比如英语、日语、德语等。

6.distance n.距离;远处

When they finish their talk, the two may be quite a distance from the place where they were standing.当谈话结束时,两个人离他们原来站的地方可能有相当一段距离了。

The waterfall can be heard at a distance of two miles.

在两英里外就能听到这瀑布声。

Hills are blue in the distance.远处的山呈蓝色。

The lion looks dangerous, so I decide to keep a distance away from it.狮子看起来很危险,所以我决定离它远点儿。

What’s the distance between Beijing and Shanghai?

北京到上海之间的距离是多少?

7.[辨析] chief/ main

两者都有“主要的”、“首要的”之意,但有区别。

chief 主要用于人,表示“为首的,有最高地位或权力的”。

main一般说明事与物,可指某些具体的或抽象的东西。如:

He is the chief policeman. 他是警长。

This is our main teaching building. 这是我们的主教学楼。

8.[辨析] event/ accident/ incident

event一般指重大事件。accident多指意外或偶然发生的事故,特别是不幸的、有损害性的事故。incident相对于accident来说,显得不很重要,指“小事件”,它还可以用来表示“事变”,如叛乱、爆炸等。如:

The broadcaster is broadcasting the news on current events. 广播员正在播报时事新闻。

He was badly injured in the traffic accident. 在那起交通事故中,他严重受伤。

There was an incident on the bus: a man fought with the conductor.

那辆公共汽车上发生了一件事,有个人和售票员打了起来。

Have you heard of Xi’an Incident?你听说过“西安事变”吗?

9.fix vt.安排;修理;准备;安装;固定

We have fixed the time and date of the party. 我们已经确定了聚会的日期和具体时间。

Something has gone wrong with my tape-recorder. I must have it fixed. 我的录音机坏了,我得请人修一下。

Mother decided to fix them something to eat. 母亲决定给他们准备点吃的。

It’s not polite to fix your eyes on others. 盯着别人看是不礼貌的。

It is necessary for a child to form the habit of fixing his attention on/ upon what he is doing.

孩子养成专心做事情的习惯是很有必要的。

10.[辨析] work on/ work at

work on与work at可通用,表示“忙于……”。但在work on sth.中,sth是work的具体对象;而在work at sth.中,sth. 只说明所从事工作的性质,即时间、精力用在某一方面的事情上,而不在于说明正在做什么。如:

He is working on/ at a novel. 他正在专心写一部小说。

They have worked at this subject for many years. 他们从事这项课题的研究已经好多年了。

Bob worked hard on organizing other singers to sing for him for free.

鲍勃积极地组织其他歌唱家为他义务演唱。

11.[辨析] take photograph of/take photograph for

take photograph of 表示拍照的内容。 take photograph for 表示拍照的目的。如:

He took some photographs of these beautiful flowers. 他拍了一些这些美丽的花的照片。

He took some photographs for the foreigners. 他为那些外国人拍了一些照片。

12.[辨析] as well/ as well as

as well 表示“也”,是副词短语,用作状语,通常放在句末,也可放在主语之后,相当于too,但一般无标点符号与句子隔开.as well as 通常看作一个复合并列连词,连接两个成分相同的词、短语或句子,表示“既……又……,不但……而且……”当它连接两个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要与第一个主语保持一致。如:

The children learn to read, write and they play games as well.孩子们学习读书写字,他们也做游戏。

With television,we can see a picture as well as hear sound. 利用电视,我们既能听到声音,又能看到图像.

Tom,as well as his parents,likes pop music. 汤姆以及他的父母都喜欢流行音乐。

13.[辨析] besides/except/but

besides用作介词时,表示“除……以外还有”之意,即所除去的东西要包括在内。用作副词时,表示“此外,而且”

except表了“除……之外”所除去的东西不包括在内。

but只能用在no,all,nobody,anything,anywhere等词之后。

如:Besides knowing some Greek,she was fluent in Italian. 她除了懂些希腊语之外,意大利语也说得很流利。

Do you play other games besides tennis? 除网球之外,你还进行其他的运动吗?

It wasn’t a good hotel;besides,it was very expensive. 这不是一家好旅馆,况且房价也很贵。

Harrison had thought of everything except the weather. 哈利森什么事情都考虑到了,惟独没有考虑到天气。

Under the soil there is nothing except/but sand. 土壤下面只有沙子。

三、精典名题导解

题1(NMET 2000)_________production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.

A.As B.For C.With D.Though

分析:C. production 之后为up,它是一个副词,for不能位于句首且常引导原因状语从句。A、D不适于“介词+宾语+宾补”这一结构。

题2(NMET 1997)I would love_____________to the party last night.But I had to work extra hours to fnish report.

A.to go B.To have gone C.going D.having gone

分析:B.动词不定式的一般式to go表示动作发生在谓语动词之后;to have gone是动词不定式的完成式,表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。这里有“愿做某事但未做成之意”。

题3(上海 1999)She can’t help___________the house because she’s busy making a cake.

A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned

分析:A.此题的句意是:她不能帮忙打扫房子,因为她忙于做蛋糕。can’t help cleaning是“忍不住要打扫”,与下文矛盾。

题4(NMET 1999)The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.

A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make

分析:B.空白处以后部分与to make life easier为并列成分,因此后面也用不定式。

题5(NMET 1999)Robert is said___________abroad,but I don’t know what country he studied in.

A.to have studied B.to study C.to be studying D.learning

分析:A.从studied in可知不定式的动作指过去,应用完成时。

题6(NMET 1997)She __________his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.

A.looked up B.took for C.picked out D.picked up

分析:A.句意为“查阅电话号码”。

题7(上海 1997)-What do you think made Mary so upset? - __________her new bicycle.

A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing

分析:C.从问句看,问的是made的主语。上述选项中只有动名词可作主语。

题8(上海 2001春)When you turn on the TV set ,clear picture will______________appear on the screen.

A.rapidly B.hurriedly C.lately D.immediately

分析:D.“立即,马上”指时间。相当于soon。

(SB2-units5-6)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

line appearance set storm film director siage bury uncertain

lifetime search wooden mouthful excite manager honour particular

silent act shape ring collection bank material cheaply pack hide

shame penny coin trade silver possible mine whenever whatever afford

2.句型

set off 动身,启程 in a hurry 匆忙地,很快地

have on 穿着,戴着 pick out 挑出

in(one’s)search 寻求;寻找 bring up 教育;培养

so far 至目前为止 hand out 分发

here and there 到处 look through 仔细查看

sooner or later 迟早 pick up 收集;买到

plenty of 大量的 date from 始于……

mix…with… 把……和……搅拌(混合) trade with sb. 与某人做买卖

3.语法

be of this kind

One of the most delicious meals that he has ever enjoyed.

What a pity/ What a shame…

It’s a pity that…

It’s great fun…

be of +(大小、形状、重量、新旧、颜色等)名词

4.交际英语

What do you do?(表示询问职业)

Could you…?(表示请求)

电话用语:遗憾的表达方式。

二、考点精析与拓展

1. search;search for; look for

(1)search指“搜查某地或搜身”,其宾语可以是房屋、人身、衣袋等名词。如:

They searched their homes without any reason.他们毫无理由地搜查了他们的家。

They searched him but found nothing.他们搜了他的身,但没有找到什么。

(2)search for 则指“搜寻、搜索某人或物”。如:

They searched for him everywhere.他们到处搜寻他。

The police searched the wood for the lost child.警察在树林里寻找走失的孩子。

试比较:They searched his clothes.他们搜查了他的衣服。(看是否藏有东西)

They searched for his clothes.他们在搜寻他的衣服。(要找到衣服)

另外,search也可用做名词,in search of “寻找、寻求”是个常见短语。如:

The boys went in search of something to eat.孩子们去找东西吃。

(3)look for意为“寻找”,同search for意义大体相同。但search for 意味较强,用很大注意力搜寻。而look for则较为通俗,常用于日常用语。如:

I looked for my missing pen everywhere. 我到处找我丢失的那支笔。

2. be certain…; be sure

be uncertain about意思是“对……不确定(没把握)”

uncertain的词根是certain,意思是“确信的,有把握的”,常用于以下结构:

(1)be certain(sure) to do sth.“肯定会做……”(表示某事将要发生)。如:

He is certain(sure) to come next Sunday.

(2)be certain(sure) of/ about sth.“确信、有把握”(表示某个人的思想状态)。如:

We are certain/ sure of victory.

(3)名词从句作主语时,一般多用certain.

It is certain that he will come.

3. “喜欢”的表示方法

英语中,表示“喜欢”的动词或词组有若干个,它们的语气强弱不同,有重有轻,意思也不完全一样,下面分别举例说明:

(1)love 意为“热爱”,指引起深厚的、强烈的感情的爱,并有一种依附意,语气最重。如:

His mother,whom he loved deeply,died when he was only a small boy.他深深爱戴着他的母亲,当他小的时候,她与世长辞了。

I love doing comedies .我喜欢演喜剧。

(2)be fond of 表示“喜欢” “热爱”,也表示对某人或某事有感情,语气次于“love”。如:

Ants are fond of sweet food. 蚂蚁喜欢吃甜食。

I’m fond of this child.我喜欢这个小孩。

(3)care for意为“喜欢、对……有兴趣”。如:

The girl cares much for new clothes.这个女孩很喜欢新衣服。

They do not care very greatly for art.他们对艺术不是很感兴趣。

(4)like意为“喜欢”,指不反感,但不引起强烈的感情和迫切的愿意,反义词为dislike.如:

Do you like reading?你喜欢阅读吗?

I like to read in bed.我喜欢在床上看书。

(5)enjoy意为“欣赏”“喜欢”,具有满足感,如:

I enjoy foreign music.我喜欢外国音乐。

Most students enjoy asking questions in English.大部分学生喜欢用英语问问题。

(6)go in for“喜欢(做某类事)、有某种习惯或做法”。如:

What sports do you go in for?你喜欢哪些体育运动?

We don’t go in for that sort of thing.我们不喜欢那种事情。

4. as;which引导定语从句异同

as, which 都能引导限制性或非限制性的定语从句。

(1)在引导限制性定语从句时;

①which从句修饰的先行词是名词(词组),which可与that换用,作宾语时可省去。如:

Then grow some tomatoes in one box which has plant food in the soil and some in another box which doesn’t.

But the studios(which)he started are still busy today,producing

more and more interesting films.

②as从句的先行词是the same/such或被the same/such修饰;as可作主、宾、表语,一律不可省略。如:

Many of the sports were the same as they are now.(as作表语)

He uses the same map as I (use).他和我用的是同一份地图。(as作宾语)

Such as beautiful park as is being built was designed by two young engineers.正在建造的如此漂亮的公园是由两个年轻的工程师设计的。(as作主语)

The printed newspaper was not such as the chief editor had expected. 印好的报纸并非如主编原来所期望的那样。(as作宾语)

(2)在引导非限制性定语从句时,as,which都可作主、宾、表语,都不可省去。

①which从句补充说明先行词的用途、性质、状态、特征等。如:

At present,the biggest nature park for milu deer in China is in the Nanhaizi Milu Park,which is about 20 kilometres south of Beijing.(位置)

China Daily has plenty of advertisements, which help to cut the costs of making the newspaper.(用途)

One of Charile Chaplin’s most famous films was“The Gold Rush”,which was made in 1925.(时间)

Now, however,the maters of this great lake,which is also the World’s deepest(over 1,740 metres),have been dirtied by waste from a chemical factory.(特征)

②which从句还可表示说话人的看法,也可对主句作意义上的补充;which=and it/ this/ that/ they;which代表的是先行词、主句或主句的一部分;which从句只能放在先行词或主句后。如:

He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and it)is not true.他说她会四门外语,这是不可能的。(说话人看法,which代表宾语从句部分)

比较:He said she could speak 4 foreign languages, which(=and that)surprised every one of us.他说她会四门外语,这使我们每个人都很惊讶。(补充主句,which 代表主句)

③as也可代表先行词、主句或主句一部分。但as有“正如”的意义,其从句可放在主句前或后,如:

The Nanjing Changjiang River Bridge,as we all know, was compl-

eted in 1969.我们都知道南京长江大桥,它建成于一九六九年。(as代表先行词)

To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.(如)你们许多人(所做的那样)对事实视而不见是愚蠢的。(as代表主语部分)

5. would like; should like

(1)两个短语均指“想要……”,与want同义,但would(should)like的语气较want婉转或客气。

(2)would like 可用于各种人称;而should like则主要用于第一人称。例如:

He would(不用should)like to be a doctor.他希望当大夫。

We would(不用should)like to hear your views about it.我们想听听你对这个问题的看法。

(3)在疑问句中常用would like,而不用should like。例如:

What would you like for breakfast?你早饭想吃什么?

(4)这两个短语常常简略为’d like,后面可接名词、代词或动词不定式,不接动名词。例如:

Would you like to leave a message?你要不要留话?

误:Would you like leaving a message?

(5)在省略回答中,would like to 中的to 不可省略,只省略to后面的词语(但be 除外)。例如:

①-Would you like to join us tonigh?

-Oh, I’d like to (join you),but I have a friend to see off at the station.

② -Would you like to be a singer?

-Yes,I’d like to be (a singer).

6. shape;form; figure

这组名词都有“形状”的意思。

shape 着重指人或物等的比较具体的整个外形,不太正式;form指有实体结构和看得见的某种特殊形状或是抽象的形式;figure指物时,侧重指轮廊,指人时,着重指姿态。如:

Coins may be of different sizes,weights, shapes, and of diff-

erent metals. 硬币可能大小、轻重、形状不同,铸造的金属也可能不一样。

The shape of Italy is like a leg.意大利国的形状像一条腿。

Change these sentences into the Present Perfect Passive,putting the verbs into the correct forms.用动词的正确形式将下面的句子变成现在完成时的被动语态 。

Ice,snow and steam are forms of water.冰、雪、蒸气是水的几种形态。

You can see the tall stone figures and visit the temples of the gods.你可以看到那些高大的石雕像,参观那些神殿。

这组名词也可当动词用,shape意为“使什么东西具有某种具体的外

形”,常有“塑造”等具体意义;form指通过协商、组织等形成某种习惯、计划或组织等,一般相当于“形成”;figure通常指象征某事物。

7.be of…结构小结

(1)be of + 表示年龄(age)、大小(size)、颜色(color)、重量(weight)、高度(height)、价格(price)、意见(opinion)、形状(shape)、种类(kind)和方法(way)等名词,说明主语的特征,of表示“具有”之意,有时可省去。例如:

They are both of middle height.他俩都是中等个儿。

When I was of your age, I was a teacher.当我是你这个年龄时,我当老师了。

These flowers are of different colors.这些花朵颜色不同。

Tom is of a different way of thinking.汤姆的思维方式与别人不同。

注意:此结构中,如果of后面的名词前有不定冠词a/an,则a/an=the same.例如:

The two boys are of an/the same age.这两个男孩同龄。

These bottles are of a/the same size.这些瓶子大小一样。

(2)be of + 物质名词,表示主语是由某材料制成或某成分构成,相当于be made of, be built of或be made up of等。例如:

The necklace is(made)of glass.这项链是玻璃制的。

The bridge is (built)of stone.这桥是由石头构筑的。

Our class is (made up)of over 50 students. 我班有50多个学生。

(3)be of + 抽象名词(如value, importance,use, help等),of表示“具有、具备”等意思,of不能省,这一结构相当于be+该抽象名词相应的形容词。例如:

They are of great help/ very helpful to learners of English.他们对英语学习者来说是很有帮助的。

In fact, sports and games can be of great value/very valuable.事实上体育运动是很有价值的。

The book is of no use/useless to us.这书对我们无用。

It is of great importance/very important to study English.学习英语很重要。

因此,根据上述(1),(2)点可以看出,课文句中第一个be of 结构表示“具有”,第二个be of(承前省去be)表示“由……制成的”。全句汉语意思为:“硬币的大小、重量、形状可能各不相同,并由不同的金属制成。”

8. whatever用法小结

whatever 是一种用法较特殊的代词,兼有连接词和关系词的作用,主要有以下三种用法:

(1)引导主语从句和宾语从句,意思是“凡是……的事物(=anything that)”.

Whatever I have is yours.我所有的东西就是你的。(主语从句)

Go to stamp sales and buy whatever you can afford.到邮票销售处去把你能买得起的邮票都买下来。(宾语从句)

She would tell him whatever news she got.她会把所听到的任何消息都告诉他。(宾语从句)

Talk to me about whatever is troubling you.把任何使你烦恼的事都对我谈谈。(介词宾语从句)

whatever在这类从句中可作主语、宾语、定语等。

(2)引导状语从句,多表示让步,意思是“不管什么、无论怎样”。如:

Don’t change your plans, whatever happens.无论怎样,你都别改变计划。

Whatever I am, it’s useful to know foreign languages.无论我做什么工作,懂外语总是有用的。

So don’t lose heart, whatever you do。因此无论你做什么,都不要丧失信心。

Whatever the old man was like, most of his scientific work was sound.无论那位老人怎么样,他大部分的科研工作是好的。

You have to go on,whatever difficulties you meet.无论你遇到什么困难,你都必须干下去。

Whatever在这类从句中可作主语、表语、宾语、介词宾语、定语等。

这类句中的某些成分还可以省略。如:

The country is always beautiful whatever the season(is).无论哪个季节,这个国家总是很美。

9.感叹句表达方式

感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、赞赏和愤怒等情绪。大多数感叹句是由what和how引导,其句型结构为“What(或How)+感叹部分+主语+谓语!”。也有少量其他形式的感叹句,现一并归纳如下:

(1)What 引导的感叹句

What 用做定语,修饰名词,其引导的感叹句句型结构为:

①What+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

What an orphan he is!他是个多么可怜的孤儿啊!

②What+a (an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

What a beautiful voice she has!她的声音多美啊!

③What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!如:

What kind doctors they are!他们是多好的医生啊!

④What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:

What good news it is!

(2)How 引起的感叹句

How 用做状语,修饰形容词、副词和动词,其引导的感叹句句型结构为:

①How+形容词+主语+谓语!

How clever you are!

②How+副词+主语+谓语!

How well she dances!

③How +形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!如:

How good a student he is!

④How+主语+谓语!如:

How the teachers worked!教师们工作多么努力啊!

⑤How+many(few)+可数名词的复数+主语+谓语!如:

How many books you have read!

⑥How much(little)+不可数名词+主语+谓语!如:

How little money the coat cost!

(3)“What+a(an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型可转换为“How+形容词+a(an)+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!”句型。如;

What a clever boy he is!

How clever a boy he is!

(4)感叹句常将主语和谓语动词省略,以“What+名词!”或“How+形容词!”的形式构成。如:

What a fine student!

What mountains!

How wonderful!

How brave!

(5)其他形式的感叹句

有时候,可不用what和how来表示感叹,而用陈述句、疑问句、祈使句,甚至一个词或词组来表示感叹。如:

She is such a nice girl!她是一个多好的姑娘啊!(陈述句)

Who do you think you are!你算老几!(疑问句)

“Stop the train! Stop the train!”(祈使句)

Wonderful!(一个词)

Happy New Year!(词组)

三、精典名题导解

题1 (NMET 1995)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _______.

A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken

分析:C。因句意表达的是“铅笔部分放于水中”所出现的状态,即“看上去像折掉了一样”,所以空白处应用虚拟语气。

题2 (NMET 1997)The two strangers talked as if they _______ friends for years.

A. should be B. would be C. have been D. had been

分析:D。从talked一词可知是过去情况的虚拟形式。

题3 The sun is the centre of the universe, __________ we all know.

A. for B. as C. that D. what

分析:B。as可以引导非限制性定语从句,经常与know连用,as代替前面一句话,即,先行词是一句话。

题4 He paid the boy washing ten windows, most of _________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.

A. these B. those C. that D. which

分析:D。从句中的逗号可以判断,横线上缺少一个关系代词引导定语从句,that不能作介词宾语。

题5 (NMET 2000)These wild flowers are so special that I would do__________I can to save them.

A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

分析:A。句中I can后省略了do.即应为I can do to save them, do后没有宾语,所以应用whatever,意为“任何事情、不论什么”。

题6 (上海 2002) There’s a feeling in me_________We’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever.

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

分析:A。that的先行词是a feeling in me ,是一个定语从句。

题7 It’s no use _______the small matters again.

A. discuss about B. to discuss C. discussing D. having a discussion

分析:C。It’s not use doing sth…做某事没有用。

题8 Very few can_______ the difference between the two words.

A. speak B. say C. tell D. talk

分析:C。四个选项在词意上有区别。speak(讲)和say(说)均为不及物动词;tell(告诉)为及物动词;talk(谈话)为不及物动词。tell和can或can’t 连用,表示“分辨”。

(SB2-units7-8)

一、单元考点提示

1.词汇

settle, struggle, freeze, exploit, refer, block, average, be famous for, a great deal of, make use of, clear up, from time to time, tell the difference between, tell…from…,generally speaking, sound/look strange, the second largest, struggle against, all the year around, refer to, live on, settle down, breath, injure, lay, wound, safety, wherever, quantity, ought to, take it easy, first aid, muth-to-mouth, deal with, running water, out of one’s reach, hold up, throw up, stay still, give first aid, lie on one’s back, out of reach, get sb. to do sth., by mistake, pay attention to, leave her where she is.

2.句型

(1)You mean it looks strange!

(2)I’ll tell you something that does sound strange.

(3)The population of Canada is…

(4)As in China,the weather is different from area to area.

(5)I think she must be injured.

(6)Leave her where she is.

(7)Repeat this as often as necessary.

(8)Don’t reach sideways while standing on a ladder.

(9)If anyone in the country knew first aid, many lives would be saved.

3.语法

(1)学习主谓一致的用法

(2)复习情态动词must和should的用法,学习ought to的用法

4.交际英语

(1)A lof of people can’t tell the difference between…

(2)Are there many differences?

(3)What do you mean by…

(4)I’m sorry, I don’t quite follow you.

(5)Do you use American or British spelling?

(6)American spellings are used more and more in Canada now.

(7)We must carry her to the side of the road.

(8)You should/ shouldn’t

(9)I ought to go home.

(10)Don’t try to get up.

二、考点精析与拓展

1.drop用法归纳

drop可用作名词“滴”;用作不及物动词“掉下,滴下”;用作及物动词“使掉(滴)下”。如:

a drop of blood一滴血;drop by rop/in drops一滴一滴地;drop from the tree从树上掉下来;drop to the ground 落在地上;drop the letter into the mailbox把信投进信箱;drop a handkerchief/stone掉下手帕/石头

习语:drop in 顺便拜访;drop in on sb.顺便走访某人;drop in at his school顺便拜访他的学校。

[应用]完成句子

①我看见一个苹果从树上掉下来。I saw an apple______ _______ the tree.

②他们这样做是搬起石头咂自己的脚。In doing so they are lifting a rock to ______ _____on their feet.

③你路过的话,千万要来。Do _______ _______ if you happen to be passing.

Key:①drop,from ②drop, it ③drop, in

2.average短语归纳

average 可用作名词,表示“平均数,一般水平”,也可作形容词,表示“平均的”。如:

the average of the pay平均工资;above/below the average平均以上/以下;

the average age of the girls姑娘的平均年龄;

the average temperature平均气温;

on(an,the)average平均起来

[应用]完成句子

① 这个厂的工人平均每月收入700元。

_________ _________,one worker in this factory gets 700 yuan every month.

②他的功课一般以上。He is_________ _________ in his lessons.

Key: ①On, average ②above, average

3.reach sth./reach for sth.

(1)reach sth.表示“够得着某物”,reach是及物动词。如:reach the top of the shelf够得着架子顶部;reach the apple on the tree够得着树上的苹果。

(2)reach for sth.表示“伸手(脚)去够某物”,其中的reach是不及物动词。亦可替换成reach out for sth.或reach out one’s hand(foot)for sth.,意义相同。

(3)reach还可用作不及物动词表示“延伸”。如:The woods reach as far as the river.树林子延伸到河边。

(4)短语:reach an agreement达成协议;

beyond/out of one’s reach够不着,力所不及;

out of the reach of sb.某人够不着;

within one’s reach够得着,力所能及。

[应用]完成句子

①他伸手去够树枝,但是够不着。He ______ ______ the stick but could not_______it.

②你最好把吃的东西放在小孩够得着的地方。You’d better have the food _______the boy’s ________.

Key:①reached, for, reach ②within, reach

4.表示态度、语气的短语归纳

generally speaking一般说来;strictly speaking严格说来;honestly speaking诚实地说来;personally speaking就我个人而言;exactly speaking准确地说来。to tell you the truth说实话;to be honest老实说;believe it or not信不信由你;judging from his appearance从他的相貌来说

[应用]完成句子

① 严格说来,加拿大英语和美国英语并不完全一样。

② _______ ______,Canadian English is not just the same as American English.

②老实说我不赞同你的想法。_______ _______ ________,I can’t agree to your idea.

③一般地说,青年人喜欢流行音乐。___________,young people enjoy pop music.

Key:①Strictly,speaking ②To,be,honest ③Generally, speaking

5.如何表示“不同,区别”

1)tell the difference between A and B.说出A和B的区别;辨别A和B

2)tell A from B.区别、辨别A和B

3)What’s the difference between A and B?A和B什么不同?

4)There be some differences between A and B.A和B 之间有不同之处。

5)A be different from B.A和B不同

6)make sb./sth.different from使某人/物不同于……

7)do sth. differently from…做起某事与……不同

8)make no difference无关紧要

[应用]完成句子

①我几乎讲不出这两个单词之间的区别。I can hardly_____the difference________ these two words.

②绵羊和山羊有什么不同?________ ________ ________between a sheep and a goat?

③哪一边赢对我都不重要。It _______ ________ ________ to me which side may win.

④你确实很富,但这并不能使你不同于别人。

You are rich indeed, but that doesn’t _________ __________ __________ ________ __________.

⑤事实和他所说的大不一样。The fact _______quite________ _________ what he said.

⑥你能分辩出她和她的姐姐吗?Can you _________ her________her sister?

Key:①tell, between ②What’s,the,difference ③makes,no, difference ④make, you,different,from,others

⑤is,different,from ⑥tell,from

6.ordinary, common

二者都有“普通的,平常的”的意思,但侧重点不同。ordinary侧重表示“外表平凡,平平常常”;而common指“普遍存在,经常碰到”。对比:

in ordinary dress穿着平常的衣服; in an ordinary way以通常的方式;an ordinary – looking man相貌平常的人; an ordinary event平常的一件事; common excuse常用的借口; common knowledge常识;

common people普通人,老百姓; have a bathroom in common合用洗澡间。

[应用]完成句子

①那是一首普通的舞曲。 It was a piece of______dance music.

②这种天气在南方是很常见的。 This sort of weather is quite _________in the south.

③这弟兄两个没有什么共同之处。 These two brothers have nothing ________ _________.

Key:①ordinary ②common ③in common

7.freeze,freezing,frozen

freeze是动词“结冰,凝固”;freezing可用作名词“冰点”,用作形容词“冰冷的”,用作副词“极冷地”;frozen既是freeze的过去分词形式,也可用作形容词,表示“冷冻的”。对比:

Water freezes below freezing. 冰点以下时水结冰。

It was freezing cold that morning.那天早晨非常地冷。

The roads are frozen in places.路上多处结冰。

[应用]英译汉

①above/over freezing ②freezing weather ③be frozen to death ④give sb. a freezing cold

⑤freezing machine ⑥frozen meat ⑦I’m frozen,so I can’t write ⑧I’m freezing,so I’ve to put on a heavy coat.

Key:①零度以上 ②很冷的天气 ③被冻死 ④冷冷地看某人一眼 ⑤制冷机 ⑥冻肉

⑦我冻坏了,不能写东西了。 ⑧我觉得冷极了,我得穿件厚大衣。

8.refer to, refer…to

1)refer 可用作及物动词,用于refer… to,表示“将……提交给”。如:

refer this problem to the school把这个问题提交学校;

refer the matter to the United Nations.将这件事情提交联合国

2)refer表示“谈到,涉及;查阅,参考,指”时是不及物动词,需用refer to结构。如:

The book which you referred to is not in the library. 你所指的那本书不在图书馆。

His report refers to the situation in the Middle East. 他的报告谈到中东的形势。

短语:refer to the map/one’s notes/the dictionary 查阅地图/参考笔记/查字典

注意:look up word in the dictionary 查字典

对比:refer to 指语言、内容与某人(物)有关;而point to表示用手指向某人(物)。如:

I didn’t know whom she was referring to. 我不知道她指的是谁。

She pointed to the map and explained to the students. 她指着地图给学生做出解释。

[应用]完成句子

①我在加拿大时,一位朋友经常提起白求恩大夫。

A friend of mine often ______ _______ Dr.Bethune when I was in Canada.

②两国把这件事提交给了联合国。The two countries. _______the matter _______the United Nations.

Key:①referred,to ②referred,to

9.clear

(1)用作形容词,表示“清楚的,明白的”。如:

in a clear voice以清楚的声音;

be clear about sth.对……清楚,明白;

be clear to sb.对某人来说很清楚;

make one’s meaning clear 说明自己的意思;

注意两个句型:A:make it clear that…声明,说明;B.It’s (was)clear that…很明显(清楚)……。

(2)用作动词,表示“清除,清理,使干净”。如:

clear one’s room/a table/a street/the desk 整理房间/收拾桌子/清扫大街/整理书桌;

clear away the dishes/waste把餐碟收走/把垃圾清除

(3)clear up 的三个意义:

A.表示“清理,收拾,解决”。如:

The dustmen were busy clearing up the snow on the road. 清洁工正在清除路上的积雪。

This book has cleared up many problems for me. 这本书给我解决了许多难题。

B.表示“(天气)转晴”。如:

It’s snowing now, but I think it will clear up soon. 现在正在下雨,但是我想天气很快会晴的。

C.表示“露出喜悦的心情”。如:

Her face cleared up as she read the letter. 她看信的时候面露喜色。

[应用]完成句子

①她对下一步干什么十分清楚。 She is _________ _________what to do next.

②很清楚敌人是不会放弃他们的计划的。______ ______ ______that the enemy wouldn’t give up their plan.

③他明确表示他要离职。He _________ _________ ________that he would leave office.

④在离开办公室以前,请把你的桌子整理一下。_________ ________your desk before you leave the office.

Key:①clear,about ②It, is, clear ③make , it clear ④Clear,up

10.on+身体部位

lay the person on one’s back让这个人仰卧着; lie on one’s back/stomach/side仰卧/趴着/侧着身躺着;

sleep on one’s side 侧身睡; stand on one foot 一条脚站着; stand on one’s head倒立

[应用]完成句子

①她趴在床上,哭个不停。She ______ _______ ______ ______in the bed,crying all the while

②你想倒立几个小时是很不容易的。It’s difficult for you to _____ ______ ______ ______ for several hours.

Key:①lay, on, her, stomach ②stand,on, your,head

11.deal with,do with

1)二者都可表示“对付,应付,处理,安排”,但deal是不及物动词,可与how连用;而do是及物动词,只与what连用表示上述意义,不能单独使用。对比:

We don’t know what to do with the waste materials./We don’t know how to deal with the waste materials.

我们不知道怎样处理这此废料。

What’s the best way of dealing with thieves? 对付小偷最好的办法是什么?

(此句中的deal with不可替换成do with)

2)deal with还可表示“论述,涉及到;与……相处”等意义,而do with 无此用法。如:

The books dealing with Asian problems sell well in colleges. 论述亚洲问题的书在大学里很畅销。

That man is easy to deal with. 这个人容易相处。

[应用]完成句子

① 你是怎么处理这类事情的?

_________did you deal with matters of this sort? What did you ________ _________matters of this sort?

②我们要处理的棘手事太多了。 There are too many difficulties for us to _________ ______.

Key:①How/ do,with ②deal, with

12.still

1) 用作形容词,意为“静止的,不动的,平静的”。

如:keep(stay) still保持不动;lie(stand)still躺着(站着)不

动;a still lake/evening平静的湖/寂静的夜晚。

2)用作副词,表示“还,仍旧”,可以修饰形容词、副词比较组。如:

be still busy仍然很忙;win still greater success取得更大成功。

3)辨析still,quiet,silent;still侧重“一动不动”,quiet指“安静”,无动作,无声音,无骚乱,其反义词是noisy(吵闹的、喧哗的);silent指不出声,不说话。对比:sit still坐着不动;Be quiet,and the class will begin.请安静,马上就要开始上课了。

Hearing the answer,be was silent for a minute or more.听了回答之后,他沉默了一两分钟。

[应用]完成句子

①他个子高,他哥哥更高。He is tall,but his brother is _________ _________.

②我已经考虑了几个小时,但仍然不能决定。I have been thinking for hours, but I ______can’t decide.

Key:①still, talker ②still

13.hurt,wound

二者都有“受伤”之意,但含义有所不同。

Wound指外伤,如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤等,尤指战争、战斗中受伤。而hurt既指肉体上的也指精神上的伤害,含强烈疼痛意味。如:

be badly wounded in the battle 战斗中受重伤;

wound sb.to death 使某人受伤致死;

hurt one’s back摔伤了后背;hurt one’s feeling伤害某人的感情;be hurt by his words被他的话所伤害。

注意:A.wound可用作名词:

have a wound in the chest胸部受伤;receive a serious wound受重伤;the wounded伤员。

B.hurt还可用作不及物动词,表示“疼痛难受”对比:

The girl fell off her bike. She hurt one of her legs hurts. 姑娘从自行车上掉下来,有一条腿疼得厉害。

[应用]完成句子

① 这位战士头部受了伤.

The soldier ______ ______ _____in his head.

The soldier ______ _______in the head. The soldier head ______ ______.

②他们说我的那些话使我很伤心。I was rather__________by what they said about me.

③我右腿疼。My right foot ________.

④他的伤似乎是很重。It seemed that he _________badly_________.

Key:①received,a, would/was, wounded/was wounded ②hurt ③hurts ④was, hurt/wounded

14.happen句型归纳

(1)happen to do sth.(主语常为“人”),意为“碰巧。恰好”。to 后可用不定式的一般式to do,完成式to have done进行式to be doing如:

You happened to be out when I came to your house. 我到你家时,你正好出去了。

She happened to have just finished reading the book. 碰巧她刚刚读完那本书。

The two salesmen happened to be quarrelling when the manager entered.

经理进去时两个售货员碰巧在吵架。

(2)It(so)happen that…“(如此)碰巧,恰好”。如:

It happens that he is a teacher of English. 恰好他是位英语老师。

It so happened that he was going that way too. 如此碰巧的是他也往那边走。

注意:句型1)和2)可互换,如:

I happened to have no money with me./It happened that I had no money with me. 我碰巧身上没带钱。

(3)happen to sb./sth. “某人/物出事,发生了……情况”。

如:What has happened to your hand?你的手怎么了?

Be careful not to let anything happen to that child. 小心别让那个孩子出任何事。

[应用]选择正确答案

①(MET’91) -We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time. -What do you suppose __________to her?

A.was happening B.to happen C.has happened D.having happened

②They happened to _______for Tianjin when we got there.(MET’)

A.leave B.have left C.leaving D.had left

③If anything __________you,let me know.

A.is happened to B.is happening C.happens on D.happens to

Key:①C ②B ③D

16.mistake短语归纳

1)用作名词:by mistake由于差错;make mistakes 出错;make no mistake没出错;correct one’s mistake改正错误;recognize one’s mistake承认错误;make mistake about sb./sth.误会(解)某人/事

2)用作动词:mistake one’s meaning误解某人的意思;mistake sb./sth.for错当成,误以为是……;be mistaken 弄错,错误的。

三、精典名题导解

题1 (上海 2001) Time will _________ whether I made the right choice or not.

A.seee B.say C.know D.tell

分析:D。tell意为“辨别”。

题2 (NMET 1998)They ___________the train until it disappeared in the distance

A.saw B.watched C.noticed D.observed

分析:B。题干中until it disappeared in the distance 表明“他们在注视着火车,直到它在视野中消失。”see(be able to use your eyes to look at things and know what they are);watch (look at and pay attention to something that is happening;);notice(see,hear,or feel something);observe(see and notice sth.)从上面内容可知答案为B。

题3 (上海 1994)Either you or the headmaster__________the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.

A.is handing out B.are to hand out C.are handing out D.is to hand out

分析:D。句中表按预定的计划做某事,而hand out 不是表示“出发、动身”等意的瞬间动词,因此不能用现在进行时表示将来时,不能选A或C。另外either…or + 主语 + v.结构中的动词单复数形式应与靠近的主语一致。

题4 (上海 2002)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________in love,at the age of seven,with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A.wouldn’t have fallen B.had not fallen C.should fall D.were to fall

分析:B。虚拟语气。

题5 (MET 1992) We _________last night,but we went to the concert instead.

A.must have studied B.might sutdy C.should have studied D.would study

分析:C。从but一词表示转折来看,前句应与后句相反,所以前句应为“过去本应做的事,而未做。”

题6 (NMET 1995) It’s nearly seven o’clock.Jack ___________be here at any moment.

A.must B.meed C.should D.can

分析:C。题干中有be expected to,或具有一种对现在的推测意味,可用should.

题7 (NMET 1994) I told Sally how to get there,but perhaps I________for her.

A.had to write it out B.must have written it out C.should have written it out D.ought to write it out

分析:C。此题表示“过去本应该做而未做”。

题8 (NMET 1998)

-When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon. -They ________be ready by 12:00.

A.can B.should C.might D.need

分析:B。此题表示对未来情况的推测意味。

(SB2-units9-10)

一、考点精析与拓展

1.重点单词

fit mile Russia bank present dirty pour test separately square

lecture damage area pollution cattle desert cause limit gradually sight power living probably entire run choice note change fool order right pleasant assistant customer fault foolish tailor trust judge apologize bill perfect bottom powerful equal pure serve

2.重点短语

turn…into… 把……变成 blow away 刮走,吹走 go off 走开 die out 灭绝

be fit for 适合于 time and time again 多次;不断地 lose one’s sight 丧失视力

to one’s joy 令人高兴的是 in danger 处于危险境地 depend 依靠,依赖 get off 脱下

put down 记下 keep back 留下 give back 退还 or else 否则 be after 追寻,寻找

change … for 用……来换 do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙 drop in on 拜访某人

make … to one’s own measure 依照某人的尺寸做……put sb. to the trouble of doing 麻烦某人做某事

take … as 把……当作 make an apologize to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉

3.重点句型

What is … like?/How is /are … ?

How do you like/find?/What do you think of ?/It’s thought that/once…

Why can’t you …? Why don’t you …?

Is there anything the matter?

So does this one.

4.交际英语

There seems to be something wrong with it. I can’t possibly use it.

I would like you to change…

You sold me a … that I can’t use any more.

I insist you give me my money back.

Why can’t you do something about it?

5.语法

学习过去分词在句中作定语、状语和表语。

no matter +疑问词引导的让步状语从句;直接引语变间接引语;as if引导方式状语从句和表语从句。

二、考点精析与拓展

1.die out 熄灭;绝种;逐渐消失。如:

①The fire died out .火灭了。

②That talkative man’s voice died out.那个健谈的人的声音渐渐地听不见了。

2.the + 形容词(分词)表示一类人的用法。

常见的短语有:

the old(young; rich; poor; learned; living…).如:

The living should carry out what the dead unfinished. 活着的人(后人)应该把前人未竞事业进行到底。

3.no more than①(=noly)仅仅,不过。②两者都不。如:

①What can I do, I’m no more than a citizen. 我能怎么样,我只不过是个平民百姓。

②Tom is no cleverer than Jack. 汤姆和杰克都不聪明。

但是:no

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