Issue与argument备考的不同点

时间：2022-12-17 00:33:50 作者：刘一综合材料收藏本文下载本文

“刘一”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了10篇Issue与argument备考的不同点，以下是小编为大家整理后的Issue与argument备考的不同点，希望对您有所帮助。

目录
第1篇：Issue与argument备考的不同点第2篇：gre写作issue与argument的异同第3篇：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT对比分析第4篇：GRE写作argument和issue准备技巧第5篇：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析第6篇：2020GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析第7篇：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT提分攻略第8篇：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT提分攻略第9篇：GRE写作argument和issue准备技巧介绍第10篇：GRE作文之Issue和Argument的区别及技巧

篇1：Issue与argument备考的不同点

Issue：准备提纲

Issue要求考生根据所给的题目，完成一篇表明立场的逻辑立论文。Issue题库涉及社会、文化、科技、历史、政治、艺术等诸多方面。不同类型的题目有较大差别，但在同一类型的题目中却包含了许多命题方向非常接近的题目。

Issue写作对于论据的要求是非常高的，因此你的名人事例的储备，相关知识量的积累是非常重要的。这一环节也正是GRE考生最为头疼的一部分，举不出支持自己的观点的例子，因此让自己的文章显得只有苍白的论证，缺乏说服力。因此要多读历史，积累例子，尤其关注那些重要的哲学家、科学家、艺术家、政治领袖等人的生平事迹、主要贡献。例如Issue里的这样一道真题：“Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society。”(真正影响深远的思想家和具有高度创造力的艺术家总是与他们的时代和社会步伐不一致)。这个题目如果没有必备的那些思想家和艺术家的例子，文章必然缺乏说服力。因此读历史积累写作素材，具体说就是论据素材是拿高分的一个重要环节。

另外，写提纲对于Issue部分的备考是至关重要的，也是最占用时间、最核心的一个环节。每一个题目的提纲力求详细，不用去写开头段和结尾段，就写正文各段你的各个分支观点，也就是正文部分的论证过程。除了论证以外，写完后想想可以用些什么论据，把支持论证的论据也写上。需要强调的是，一定要较为详细地写Issue提纲，否则，在考场如果遇到没有思考过的题目，很容易自乱阵脚，导致失败。此外，题目必须考前按题材分类去写提纲，看懂，知道对立面和大致写作思路。论据往往在同类的很多题目中通用。写完提纲后，再写20-40篇完整的文章(语言能力弱的话，尽量多写)。

Argument：掌握逻辑

Argument要求考生分析所给题目，完成一篇驳论文，指出并且有力地驳斥题目中的主要逻辑错误。Argument部分，首先要熟悉每一个题目，找出主要的逻辑错误，也就是Argument题目的提纲，同时每一个逻辑错误准备一套语言套路去说。写完每一个题目的提纲后，写10-15篇完整的文章(语言能力弱的话，可以增加写作量)，找partner帮你改，知道错误以后再重写。

有些考生写GRE文章，喜欢用专业性的逻辑用语，其实没有必要，就事论事比较好。在批驳的时候为了显得有力，可以多用用for example、it is possible that、it is likely that之类的句型，因为Argument就是挑错与找茬的过程。如果实在觉得错误不好找，那么就根据每一句话批，基本上，每一个表示原因的句子中都可能存在逻辑错误。

有人认为，Argument背一下错误分类就可以了。但是在实践中这些只是次要的方面，主要的还在于寻找论述者的论据和事实是否对论点做了充分且必要的证明。只有找出他们之间的缺点和不足,文章才会流畅。掌握逻辑的因果关系，更好地把握文章的结论,会写出更漂亮的文章，而不是仅仅的survey、response、data等一些谁都用的东西，无论什么都是越具体越有说服力。

难度： Issue>Argument

总的来看，Issue难度高于Argument。对于考生来说，Issue比Argument要求拥有更扎实的写作功底和更严密的逻辑思维。同时，ETS对于Issue的模板化和plagiarisms更加敏感。总之，获得Issue高分需要较多的努力。相比之下，Argument内容相对单一(出错的逻辑类型比较少)，题目中给了考生更多的提示信息，因此提高Argument成绩容易一些。

参照ETS评过分的范文，我们不难发现：无论Issue还是Argument在评分标准上都有共同之处：第一，观点要有深度，论证要有说服力;第二，组织要有条理，表达清晰准确;第三，语言流利，句式复杂，词汇丰富。这三条说的也就是行文的“思想性”、“结构性”以及“表达性”。众多高分作文的考生大凡都在这三个方面做得很好，我们理所当然也要从这里入手，采取“各个击破”的方法解剖GRE作文的本质，从而得到一个理想分数。

GRE写作：政府该如何对待艺术

【关于“政府和艺术”的GRE Issue原题】

82“Government should never censor the artistic works or historical displays that a museum wishes to exhibit.”

101“Governments should provide funding for artists so that the arts can flourish and be available to all people.”

【关于“政府和艺术”的GMAT Issue原题】

22. Clearly, government has a responsibility to support the arts. However, if that support is going to produce anything of value, government must place no restrictions on the art that is produced.

对于GRE和GMAT这种政府要不要资助艺术以及艺术作品是否应该受到政府的监督的话题，我们给大家补充论证素材如下：

政府虽然有义务支持艺术，但艺术家必须清楚地认识到，政府对艺术的管制也是必须的、不可避免的。

The artists who have expectations of support without controls do not really understand the basic nature of government as organized force. Any government, whether communist or democratic, represents political and coercive forces. All the resources and powers of the government tend to be deployed to serve the interests of the political group in control and also to deal with things that threaten the very survival of the state. This is as true of the United States as it is of the Soviet Union. Either type of government must also establish bureaus and procedures for any of its activities, whether it's running the army or supporting artists. Any decision to make something a government activity is also a decision to place it under bureaucratic management with various controls and reporting methods for measurement of results.

GRE写作官方题库高频ARGUMENT题目满分范文分享：chain of stores selling health food

GRE作文官方题库ARGUMENT题目：

Nature’s Way, a chain of stores selling health food and other health-related products, is opening its next franchise in the town of Plainesville. The store should prove to be very successful: Nature’s Way franchises tend to be most profitable in areas where residents lead healthy lives, and clearly Plainesville is such an area. Plainesville merchants report that sales of running shoes and exercise clothing are at all-time highs. The local health club has more members than ever, and the weight training and aerobics classes are always full. Finally, Plainesville’s schoolchildren represent a new generation of potential customers: these schoolchildren are required to participate in a fitness-for-life program, which emphasizes the benefits of regular exercise at an early age.

Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.

【满分范文赏析】

In this memo the vice president of Nature’s Way (NW), a chain of stores selling health food and health-related products, recommends opening a store in Plainesville. To support this recommendation the vice president cites the following facts about Plainesville: (1) sales of exercise shoes and clothing are at all-time highs; (2) membership at the local health club has peaked; and (3) the city’s schoolchildren are required to participate in a fitness program. Close scrutiny illuminates the fact that the assumptions lend little credible support to the recommendation.

【本段结构】本段采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即C—A—F的开头结构。段落首先概括原文的Conclusion，接下来概括原文为支持其结论所引用的一系列Assumption，最后给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即其Assumption不能为其结论提供可靠的支持。

【本段功能】本段作为Argument开头段，具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论，即NW应在Plainesville开店。本段接下来分布列举了原文中NW的副总裁为支持其结论所引用的事实：(1)锻炼鞋和服装的销售量空前的高;(2)当地健身俱乐部的会员数达到最高点;(3)该市的学童被要求参加一个健康计划。这些信息的归纳为正文段中即将进行的具体攻击作铺垫。

Let’s first examine the assumptions that strong sales of exercise apparel indicated that Plainesville residents would be interested in NW’s products, or even that these residents are interested in exercising. Consider the possibility that exercise apparel could be in fashion. Perhaps exercise apparel is inexpensive compared to other types of clothing. For that matter, perhaps the stronger-than-usual sales are due to increasing sales to tourists. In short, without a conclusive market analysis, the vice president fails to provide a link between the sales of exercise clothing and the projected sales revenue of a new franchise. Therefore, a conclusion based on this particular assumption, that Plainesville residents would be interested in health food based on the sales of a particular style of clothes, is entirely undependable.

【本段结构】本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第一个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】本段作为正文第一段，攻击原文中出现的第一个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文的因果链条如下：

P镇运动服饰销量高——P镇居民对健身感兴趣——P镇居民对NW的健康食品感兴趣。

这一因果链并不成立。首先，并不能推出，造成的原因也有可能是运动服的价钱便宜，或是旅游业带动等等。其次，即便成立，也不一定说明居民对NW健康食品感兴趣。因此还需要提供具体的市场调查等证据来表明成立。

Let’s examine this assumption a little more in depth.The rate of membership at the local health club is little indication that NW will be “very successful” in Plainesville. It is possible that club members in thePlainesvillearea are nowhere near the anticipated site for the NW store. Perhaps the club’s primary appeal isn’t even health related. Maybe it is a social site attracting members only as a meeting place. Besides, the actual number of members was never mentioned. Even if the club’s members would patronize a NW store, these members might be insufficient in number to ensure a profit for the store.

【本段结构】本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第三个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】本段作为正文第三段，攻击原文中出现的第三个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。本段对上面提到的假设作进一步分析，并指出：当地健身俱乐部的会员数并不能预示NW将在Plainesville“非常成功”。例如，Plainesville地区的俱乐部会员可能离NW预期开店的地方很远，俱乐部的主要吸引力可能与健康无关，而只是一个为会员们提供集会地点的社交场所。另外，原文中也从未提及俱乐部会员的具体数目。即使俱乐部的会员们会光顾NW的商店，这些会员们在数量上也可能并不足以保证商店盈利。

Now, let’s attend the assumption that a mandatory fitness program inPlainesville’s schools somehow indicates that a franchise would be very successful there. Without a market analysis, we cannot determine the spending power of this demographic, nor can we determine their ability to affect overall household buying habits. Besides, mandatory participation is no indication of genuine interest in health, fitness or related products.

【本段结构】本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第四个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】本段作为正文第四段，攻击原文中出现的第四个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误。原文假设在Plainesville的学校中开设的一个强制性的健康计划将以某种方式预示着NW的商店将会非常成功。如果没有一个市场分析，我们不能确定该地区人们的购买力，也不能确定他们影响全部住户购买习惯的能力。另外，强制性的参与也并不能体现出对于健康或相关产品的真实兴趣。

In sum, the recommendation of the vice president relies on unproven assumptions, whichrender the argument unconvincing. To bolster argument and validate the recommendation, the vice president must provide clearerconnections between the argument and the assumptions upon which it is based.

【本段结构】本段采用了标准的Argument结尾段结构，即C—S的结尾结构。段落首先再次重申原文站不住脚的Conclusion，接下来给出可以增强原文说服力的合理的Suggestion，包括原文作者需要进一步提供的证据和信息等。

【本段功能】本段作为Argument结尾段，具体功能即为总结归纳+提出建议。段落首先再次重申强调Argument作者的论证不合理，接下来给出合理的建议：副总裁必须对Argument和其所基于的Assumption之间提供更清晰的关联。

篇2：gre写作issue与argument的异同

gre写作 issue与argument的异同

gre写作两篇作文相同点

虽然gre作文argument和issue有很多不同之处，但在一些基本的规范和要求上还是有共通之处的：

1. 文章基本要求相同

gre两篇作文的考试时间都是30分钟。考生需要在30分钟内完成从审题到构思到最后成文的整个流程。而两篇文章的文体风格也基本相同，都是属于议论文性质的写作。因此，很多考生比较惧怕的描述类文章就不会有所涉及了。同时，虽然gre考试本身并没有做出任何字数方面的限制和要求，但根据历年来的高分范文总结，一般作文字数在400-500字左右是比较稳妥的，这一点ISSUE和ARGUMENT两篇作文也没有太大区别。

2. 文章评分标准相同

除了规范要求外，gre两篇作文在评分标准上也是基本相同的。大致都可以分为文章整体结构、逻辑思维能力、对于词句语法的运用以及论据素材的使用这几个方面。当然，由于两篇文章本身具体写作要求的区别，可能在一些评分细节上还存在不同。

3. 官方复习资源相同

无论是ISSUE作文还是ARGUMENT作文，两篇gre作文的复习资源也是基本相同的。除了官方公布的作文练习题外，高分范文、黄金词句和论据素材都是帮助考生练习写作能力锻炼作文水平需要用到的复习必备材料。

gre写作两篇作文不同点

说完了相似之处，接下来小编为大家介绍一下两篇作文的不同之处：

1. 写作具体要求区别

gre ISSUE作文的写作要求，大体相当于中文里的立论文，也就是根据作文题目给出的内容自己确定一个论点观点后搭框架写文章。而与之相对的ARGUMENT，则是驳论性质的文章，需要考生根据给出的题目和观点进行反驳，也就是通俗意义上的挑错。

2. 写作难度有所不同

对于并非英语母语的中国考生来说，ISSUE作文的难度是比较高的，因为写好立论文需要考生自己根据题目提炼观点，如果考生本身的自主思维能力和创造力比较一般，很有可能出现不知道如何找观点写文章的情况。而且不少考生存在缺乏主动思考能力的问题，对于写作比较被动，很容易就会写偏题。而ARGUMENT作文则相对简单一些，考生只需要根据给出的内容找逻辑漏洞和问题，并针对这些问题攻击挑错就能完成写作任务，更容易找到写作思路。

3. 复习方法花费时间不同

ISSUE作文需要花费更多的时间用于复习，理由上文已经说过，中国考生大多更难写好ISSUE，因此练习的时间也会因此增加。而复习ISSUE作文的重点，应该放在准备作文模板和练习快速列提纲搭框架之上。考生看gre备考资料备考资料等复习资料时，也应该更加着眼于从文章题目的整体出发，把握住题目的主旨，提炼好观点节省考试时间。

ARGUMENT作文难度较低，需要的复习时间也比较少。而复习ARGUMENT，考生则应该把注意力更多地集中在根据官方练习题学习找逻辑漏洞进行攻击的具体写法上。因为哪怕题目千变万化，但能够用以攻击反驳的逻辑问题其实就那么固定的几种，大家只要练熟了找茬的本领学会了写作套路，想要写好ARGU并不困难。同时，考生在学习gre作文备考资料时，对于ARGU部分的备考资料，从文章细节漏洞等角度入手会收获更好的复习效果。

GRE写作高分范文：批判性思维

Too much time, money, and energy are spent developing new and more elaborate technology. Society should instead focus on maximizing the use of existing technology for the immediate benefit of its citizens.

I must say that I reject this statement. While it is true that we need to support society as much as possible with current technology, that does not in any way mean that we should stop progressing simply because our current technology cannot handle all the problems we have brought to it. Does that mean that we should simply accept the status quo and make do? No, I don’t think so. To do so would be tantamount to adopting a fatalistic approach; I think most people would reject that.

Technology has helped, and it has hurt. Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.

Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life

without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?

What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.

Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hosptal, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to

第二段：

(概述科技的两面性)Technology has helped, and it has hurt. (具体讨论科技的贡献)Without it, we would never have our standard of living, nor quality of nutrition, expectation of a long and productive life span, and the unshakable belief that our lives can be made even better. (具体讨论科技的危害)But it has also brought us universal pollution, weapons so powerful as to be capable of rendering us extinct, and the consequent fear for our survival as species and as a planet. Technology is indeed a double-edged sword. (表明已考虑到科技的危害，但是依然坚持自己立场)And yet, I still have to argue in its favor, because without it, we have no hope.

第三段：

(提出反方的立场)Some might argue that we would be better off without technology. They might say that a return to a less technologically driven approach to life would have the benefits of reducing stress and allowing us to live simpler, happier lives, like those of our forebears. Such an idea is seductive, so much so that much of art and all of nostalgia are devoted to it. (通过具体论据反驳反方的观点)But upon closer inspection, one realizes that such a move would only return us to a life of different kinds of stress, one of false simplicity, one fraught with danger. It would be a life without antibiotics where a minor cut could prove deadly. It would be a life where childbirth is the main killer of women, and where an emergency is dealt with in terms of hours and days instead of minutes and hours; a life where there are no phones or cars or planes or central heating, no proven drug therapies to treat mental illness, no computers. Would this world really make people happy?

第四段：

(在第三段驳论的基础上进一步立论)What we already have, we have. And since the only way to move is forward, instead of allowing ourselves to be paralyzed by fear and worry, we need to learn how to clean up the pollution we have caused, and how to deal with a world that feeds on weapons and mass destruction. Doing these things means having to move away from technology into a more difficult realm, that of diplomacy and compromise: to move from the bully stance of “I am bigger and better and I have more toys and so I win” to a place where everyone wins.

第五段：

Technology is the thing that will allow people to do that. (指出支持观点存在的一点不足)But, advanced as it is, it is still in its infancy. (解决方案)We have to allow it to grow up and mature in order to reap the real rewards that it can bring. And there are even greater rewards ahead of us than what the world has already experienced. When technology is pushed to the outer edge, that is where serendipitous discoveries can occur. This has been seen throughout technological advancement, but the easiest example is probably the space program which made us think, really hard, about how to do things in a different environment. It gave us telecommunications, new fabrics and international cooperation. Paramedical devices, so that people can be treated even as they are being transported to the hospital, are a direct development of that technology. None of this would have happened in the time frame that it did if we had not pushed for technological advancement. If we had decided to “focus on maximizing the use of existing technology” instead of foolishly reaching for the stars, we would not have made those discoveries which now are the bedrock of the 21st century.

gre满分作文重点：Critical Thinking.当然，提高critical thinking能力的同时，也很有必要包装语言。

GRE写作高分范文：名人观点

When famous people give their opinions, many people listen. Should we pay attention to those remarks?

When Tom Cruise once appeared in a TV program, he was too excited so he jumped up and down the couch. Later “jump the couch” was adopted in the American dictionary for slang. This is a bit exaggerating, but it definitely reflects the fact that when famous people give their opinions, many people listen. But, should we pay attention to these remarks or actions?

Firstly, famous people are “famous”, for they have one or few aspects that exceed common people. Like Albert Einstein once said, “I think and think for months, for years, ninety-nine times the conclusion false, but the hundredth time I am right.” As a brilliant scientist, he speaks of the right attitudes towards science and inspires countless people to fight for the truth. Hollywood actors or actresses, they may talk about their dressing styles or skin cares on magazine. These are all advice that we might as well take, for real life is not just serious academic things but also the satisfaction of living.

But the point is that, celebrities are not perfect role models for the public. Once I heard a story about Einstein, saying that he nearly got into the water when he once harassed a young lady and got refused when they were in a boat in a park. Is Einstein evil somehow? No! He’s just being human. Then is it wrong to harass ladies? Yes. But all humans make mistakes. Celebrities are experts in certain areas but not all. In some other fields, they should even learn from us.

Generally, there are two extremes when talking about celebrities: the public are either too critical or too superstitious. Objectively, both of the attitudes are unnecessary. As a Chinese saying which generalizes this situation the best goes: to take in the good, while to get rid of the bad.

篇3：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT对比分析

GRE写作SSUE和ARGUMENT对比分析

GRE写作如何制定高分策略?

考生在面对两篇GRE作文时，应该如何确保高分呢?

1. 两篇作文分数都需重视

首先，大家需要明确的是，两篇作文无论哪篇都不能放弃，因为最后成绩是取两者平均值的，因此如果一篇作文分数很低，另一篇作文写得再好也会受拖累。

2. 结合自身特点制定分数策略

针对中国考生普遍ISSUE弱ARGU强的特点，比较合理的得分策略是保ISSUE合格和争ARGUMENT高分。ISSUE难度高，确保一个3.5分到4分的成绩比较稳妥，而ARGUMENT大家更容易写出出彩的好文章，可以努力尝试挑战4.5甚至5分成绩。这样大家的作文平均分就能保持在4分以上，这就可以算是相当不错的成绩了。

GRE写作共同特征分析

虽然GRE写作中的ISSUE作文和ARGUMENT作文有很多不同之处，但在一些基本的规范和要求上还是有共通之处的：

1. 写作基本要求一致

GRE两篇作文的考试时间都是30分钟。考生需要在30分钟内完成从审题到构思到最后成文的整个流程。而两篇文章的文体风格也基本相同，都是属于议论文性质的写作。因此，很多考生比较惧怕的描述类文章就不会有所涉及了。同时，虽然GRE考试本身并没有做出任何字数方面的限制和要求，但根据历年来的高分范文总结，一般作文字数在400-500字左右是比较稳妥的，这一点ISSUE和ARGUMENT两篇作文也没有太大区别。

2. 作文评分标准一致

除了规范要求外，GRE两篇作文在评分标准上也是基本相同的。满分都为6分。最后总得分为两篇作文分数的平均值。大致都可以分为文章整体结构、逻辑思维能力、对于词句语法的运用以及论据素材的使用这几个方面。当然，由于两篇文章本身具体写作要求的区别，可能在一些评分细节上还存在不同。

3. 备考资源资料一致

无论是ISSUE作文还是ARGUMENT作文，两篇GRE作文的复习资源也是基本相同的。除了ETS官方公布的作文题库外，高分范文、黄金词句和论据素材都是帮助考生练习写作能力锻炼作文水平需要用到的复习必备材料。

GRE写作差异点对比

说完了相似之处，接下来小编为大家介绍一下两篇作文的不同之处：

1. 文章题材不同

GRE ISSUE作文的写作要求，大体相当于中文里的立论文，也就是根据作文题目给出的内容自己确定一个论点观点后搭框架写文章。而与之相对的ARGUMENT，则是驳论性质的文章，需要考生根据给出的题目和观点进行反驳，也就是通俗意义上的挑错。

2. 写作难度不同

3. 备考时间不同

ISSUE作文需要花费更多的时间用于复习，理由上文已经说过，中国考生大多更难写好ISSUE，因此练习的时间也会因此增加。而复习ISSUE作文的重点，应该放在准备作文模板和练习快速列提纲搭框架之上。考生看GRE机经真题等复习资料时，也应该更加着眼于从文章题目的整体出发，把握住题目的主旨，提炼好观点节省考试时间。

ARGUMENT作文难度较低，需要的复习时间也比较少。而复习ARGUMENT，考生则应该把注意力更多地集中在根据官方题库学习找逻辑漏洞进行攻击的具体写法上。因为哪怕题目千变万化，但能够用以攻击反驳的逻辑问题其实就那么固定的几种，大家只要练熟了找茬的本领学会了写作套路，想要写好ARGU并不困难。同时，考生在学习GRE作文机经时，对于ARGU部分的机经，从文章细节漏洞等角度入手会收获更好的复习效果。

总而言之，无论是GRE ISSUE还是ARGUMENT写作，考生都需要对其有足够的重视和充分了解，并在此基础上做好完全的复习准备才行。

GRE写作高分范文：科学的作用

GRE写作题目：

The function of science is to reassure; the purpose of art is to upset. Therein lies the value of each.

科学的作用是解惑;艺术的目的是创新。只有这样他们才各得其所。

GRE写作正文：

Science and art are two of the most glorious fields in which numerous people have made their great contributions. As the society develops, people concern more about the function of science, of art and of other realms. Some may argue that the function of science is to reassure, and the purpose of art is to upset, however, as far as I am concerned, science and art have more significant values than just to reassure or to upset people.

The main function of science is to propel the development of human society and to provide people the power to understand the nature and ourselves. In the primordial days of the human history, when the conception of science first emerged, science was to answer people's questions and to satisfy people's curiosity towards myriad mysterious phenomenon. If we understand the science in such way, we can't see clear differences between the inchoate religion and the inchoate science, because, the functions of both of them are nearly the same, and both contain totally absurd theories if one studies them today. One may agree that in that period of time, science was largely to reassure people's fear towards the mysteries just as what religions try to do.

However, the development of science finally makes it an important tool for us to understand the nature and to change the nature in our favor. The understanding of electricity expels the old thought that the thunder is a sign indicating that the god is angry. The advancement achieved in medicine greatly elongate human's life, and nowadays people no longer depend on certain rituals to give them health. Discoveries and inventions alike have transformed our society into the nowadays form, and provide us great power to determine our future. If science is only to reassure us, how can we achieve the feats we have made through our history? As Francis Bacon once said, “Knowledge is power”, the true function of science is to give us the power to conquer the difficulties we confront.

Unlike science, arts which seldom give us the power to better our material lives, mainly concern about our spiritual lives. Admittedly, some arts actually upset people by let us see the weakness of the human nature or the darkness of our society, as the art works of Michelangelo. However, arts possess much more functions than just upset us. Arts can ease our emotions and reassure us, as the music of Mozart does; arts can give us confidence and braveness, as the music of Beethoven does; arts can also tell us what philosophy is, as the music of Mahler does. Although arts possess so many functions,one can judge that the major function of art is to represent the life and to present the artists' ideals. Most literary works, such as fictions, poems, dramas, give us a vivid image of the society. Other forms of arts have the same kind of functions. For example, Tchaikovsky composed music to represent the hard life of the common Russian people, while Van Gogh drew pictures to represent the beauty of the nature. There're also other pieces of art showing us the inner part of the artists, for instance, the representative new trend movie “four hundred blows”. By presenting the life and the ideals, arts give us true understanding of our circumstances and ourselves in a spiritual way. Arts can not explain why it rains,but it explains how people feel about the rainy day.

GRE写作高分范文：想法付诸行动的困难

GRE写作题目：

Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve.Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world.

GRE写作正文：

In today’s society idealism seems to become an ideology that is marginalized and practicality is our great idol, thus, the speaker asserts that anything that is not practical bears little value. I admit that being practical is the wide-accepted dogma in order to survive in this world, but by going too far to claim that anything that is not practical has little value is against the empirical observation as well as the general stimulus that push the human society forward.

Admittedly, practicality has become a cult in today’s society. Too often do we hear people talk about being practical whenever they come to make important decisions or choose between several alternatives. The deep-rooted cause underlying this phenomenon is that with the development of modern society, the emphasis is placed more on financial gaining, quick fame, sensible choice and so forth. Our society is rather stable compared with that of the last century when war, violence, human right movements has become the symbol of that period. People are enjoying this peaceful environment with less crucial missions rested upon them and as a result, they shift from idealism to struggle for the common well being of mankind to the practical concept of individual achievement.

This ideology has its merits since after all the disaster and upheaval that our human race has undergone, it is judicious to focus on the economic aspect of things in order to tackle the most important social problems such as poverty, hunger and environmental problems which all deserve us to sit down and work out practical solutions. On the personal level, being practical is how a person would possibly succeed in his career or personal life. One is likely to make sensible decisions for his education and job choice on the basis of practical consideration of his own strength and weakness and careful analysis of the prospect of research direction and job market. Even those in power and intellects need to consider practically since hasty decision built upon pure ideal meditation would hardly find its way in the modern society and is doom to failure.

Agreeing with the speaker that practicality has become the great idol in our society, I am strongly against his point that anything that is not practical has little value. Even in today’s society, idealism is by no means relegated to the place of total neglect and disregard. For one thing, in history, so much achievement is the outcome of several generations’ struggle such as fighting for equality for women, human rights movement,etc. In today’s society, practicality is the way we can obtain our goal but idealism offers the philosophical explanation of why we should set this as our goal and the clear the ultimate value of our pursuing. What is more, by totally fixed one's eyes upon the practical aspect of things, we face the danger of neglecting one important part of our pursuit, that is the mental enjoyment brought out by idealism. If we have a clear goal set in mind and put practical endeavor at the same time, the result would be more satisfactory and valuable.

To sum up, I agree with the speaker insofar as the wide acceptance of practicality is considered. Being practical is the tenet of modern society and it does shed light on the wise way of doing things and obtaining goals, no matter in the personal or social level.But the speaker goes too far by claiming that it is the only valuable ideology in society.I am strongly against this idea since in history or at present, we human beings still need the philosophical explanation to clear our goal and to provide motivation. In this aspect, idealism would never be replaced with pure practical consideration. Otherwise,human society will be replete with insensible people directed by economic profit and quick fame and recognition.

GRE写作

篇4：GRE写作argument和issue准备技巧

GRE写作Issue模板准备：准备提纲

例如Issue里的这样一道真题：“Truly profound thinkers and highly creative artists are always out of step with their time and their society。”(真正影响深远的思想家和具有高度创造力的艺术家总是与他们的时代和社会步伐不一致)。这个题目如果没有必备的那些思想家和艺术家的例子，文章必然缺乏说服力。因此读历史积累写作素材，具体说就是论据素材是拿高分的一个重要环节。

另外，写提纲对于Issue部分的备考是至关重要的，也是最占用时间、最核心的一个环节。每一个题目的提纲力求详细，不用去写开头段和结尾段，就写正文各段你的各个分支观点，也就是正文部分的论证过程。除了论证以外，写完后想想可以用些什么论据，把支持论证的论据也写上。

需要强调的是，一定要较为详细地写Issue提纲，否则，在考场如果遇到没有思考过的题目，很容易自乱阵脚，导致失败。此外，题目必须考前按题材分类去写提纲，看懂，知道对立面和大致写作思路。论据往往在同类的很多题目中通用。写完提纲后，再写20-40篇完整的文章(语言能力弱的话，尽量多写)。

GRE写作模板准备难度对比：Issue>Argument

GRE写作计分方式

GRE写作的记分方式是这样的，两篇作文总分都是六分，计算公式为你的得分=(Issue的得分+Argument的得分)/2，最终的计分是以0.5分为一个格。而要获得满意的写作分数，应保证Issue在4.0以上，Argument在5.0以上，这样总分才能在4.5以上。

GRE作文范文：知识的影响

The study of an academic discipline alters the way we perceive the world. After studying the discipline, we see the same world as before, but with different eyes.

GRE作文范文参考：

Ever since the appearance of convenient printing method and huge libraries, modern education became possible. Since then, the process of accumulation of knowledge was greatly accelerated, for mankind's knowledge storation can be developed in a systematic way. Education's function is to prepare our youth for the future by lending them the ability to discover mysteries of the world themselves or from books. The history of the human race gives us the impression that the major benefit we get from the academic training is the ability to perceive the world in different ways.

The most primitive form of education, which helped our ancestors, the cavemen, to survive in the harsh conditions during the pioneering period of human history, already possessed the power to change people's perspective. When a child learnt how to make a fire, he was brought to a brand new world, in which he was no longer the game of wild animals and the weakest creature facing the mightiness of nature. He could better understand and conquer the surroundings; the long winter, might have been one of the dangerous enemies in his eyes, seemed weaker since the fire he made could ensure him the victory. Once we have the ability to harness more power, we regard the nature in new ways; we used to have to adapt to the nature absolutely, however,today we could transform it to certain extends.

It is the coming of science and many other realms that truly and profoundly changed our view of the world. We can see further and deeper, thanks to the inventions of macroscope and microscope. But that is hardly the whole thing the science has presented in front of us. Science, widely taught in every secondary school around the world, not only allows us to see what we couldn't see before, but also allows us to get new information and knowledge from that we could see before. Only when a student finishes his course in basic physics, could he understand why some things are hot while others are cooler, and could he know what happens during the cooling down of a cup of hot water. What we observe does not change; nevertheless, the knowledge we learn from changes because of the new power science gives us. The study of science enables us to learn the truths behind the complex phenomena and to use the truths learnt to serve the mankind.

The study of diverse disciplines not only provides us with the ability to learn more, but also the intentions to think more and seek for the general principles. The study of philosophy, histories, classics, and other disciplines deepens our thoughts rather than broadening our scopes. Let's take philosophy for example, which inspires us to dig more deeply in our thoughts and hones our ability to form a correct judgment of our situations and our worlds. We may encounter the death of others, however, we won't understand the life and the death, were it not for the study of philosophy. We will also get more from the reading of all the good books, which is just like a conversation with the finest men of past centuries. We may not see more, but we inspect more; we may not hear more, but we listen to more. This best demonstrates the power of these disciplines and the value of studying them.

Human, the most intelligent, and rational beings on the Earth, stands in the dominant position of our world for thousands of years. We cannot make the wildest guess at what our world would like without the different realms of our thoughts and the education imparting these treasures to our descendants. Different fields of study give us different perspectives of this world, only when we properly and usefully assimilate the various discoveries in myriad disciplines, could we form a most brilliant picture of our today and of our tomorrow.

GRE作文范文：独立思考

What most human beings really want to attain is not knowledge, but certainty. Gaining real knowledge requires taking risks and keeping the mind open―but most people prefer to be reassured rather than to learn the complex and often unsettling truth about anything.

GRE作文范文参考：

What does most human beings want is not discovery and change but reassurance.Although discoveries and changes are the real impetuses of human civilization, most people prefer reassurance than innovations and changes in that in this world most people are conservative and the discoveries and changes would sometimes harm some ones' benefit, which based on the obsolete systems.

On the one hand, in fact, most people value what they have obtained much more than what would be gain through new ways. This conservative kind of thinking in some sense is very common indeed since trying new ways always means taking risks of losing the present benefit. Take many Chinese workers for example. In China now,during the transformation of economy system, many factories and companies are under the danger of bankruptcy due to their rigid ways of thinking. And the workers in these companies or factories do not have positive attitudes neither. They ignore, or we can say give up, the better chance such as leave the old companies and find a new one which would be more suitable or quite for a short time to study some new skills; but stay where they are to wait for reassurance from the companies or government. the reason for this kind of behaviors is that they are fear for losing the jobs, whish however have little points after all. Simply put, they think they can survive if they keep the salary, but maybe lose everything when taking risks. Actually, these people fail to see the wealth behind changes and discoveries. No pain, no gain. One reluctantly loses something, he/she would not gain more important and valuable.

On the other hand, discoveries and changes would bring new systems and value and moral standards, which would necessarily break the outdated ones. In this sense,discoveries and changes could harm some ones or some classes' benefit. Therefore, it is not difficult to understand the resistance against new things and the preference of reassurance to the obsolete system. The Industry Revolution is just a case in point.

The significant change had brought human beings into a new stage of both material and spirit; but during the revolution, many people hold the point of view that the change is very dangerous to human civilization. Such individuals included peasants,old noble men and some government officials. The fundamental reason for this situation was that such a profound and overall change shook the old social and economy system and thus those depended on such a system felt they were threatened.

For example, the peasants lost their lands and the old noble men lost their taxes from the peasants; even the government officials, were in the fear of losing their positions.Thereby, for the men who would still receive benefit from the obsolete system, they would prefer reassurance than changes and discoveries.

It is true that sometimes changes and discoveries would bring some damage to the present society; yet they would automatically build a new one full of vigor and creativity. So people should not be restrained with the conservative ideas and open their minds to see the future benefit they would gain from the new system built by changes and discoveries. Anyway, new things are always prior to the old ones.

英语写作

篇5：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析

GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析手把手教你写作上4分

GRE写作Argument和Issue差异点分析

首先，小编来为大家介绍一下GER写作两篇作文的差别所在：

1. 写作具体要求区别

2. 写作难度有所不同

3. 复习方法花费时间不同

ISSUE作文需要花费更多的时间用于复习，理由上文已经说过，中国考生大多更难写好ISSUE，因此练习的时间也会因此增加。而复习ISSUE作文的重点，应该放在准备作文模板和练习快速列提纲搭框架之上。考生看GRE预测真题等复习资料时，也应该更加着眼于从文章题目的整体出发，把握住题目的主旨，提炼好观点节省考试时间。

ARGUMENT作文难度较低，需要的复习时间也比较少。而复习ARGUMENT，考生则应该把注意力更多地集中在根据官方题库学习找逻辑漏洞进行攻击的具体写法上。因为哪怕题目千变万化，但能够用以攻击反驳的逻辑问题其实就那么固定的几种，大家只要练熟了找茬的本领学会了写作套路，想要写好ARGU并不困难。同时，考生在学习GRE作文预测时，对于ARGU部分的内容，从文章细节漏洞等角度入手会收获更好的复习效果。

GRE写作两篇作文相同点

说完了差异，接下来为大家分析一下两篇作文的相同点。虽然GRE写作中的ISSUE作文和ARGUMENT作文有很多不同之处，但在一些基本的规范和要求上还是有共通之处的：

1. 文章基本要求相同

2. 文章评分标准相同

3. 官方复习资源相同

GRE两篇作文高分策略分享

考生在面对两篇GRE作文时，应该如何确保高分呢?

1. 两篇都不能放弃

2. 针对中国考生特点

综上所述，GRE考生冲刺作文高分需要在了解两篇文章异同点的前提下再进行正确备考，以此提升考生对文章写作方向和技巧上的把握能力，小编希望上文内容能够为大家提供一些帮助。

新版GRE写作新题库：Argument

题目：

The following appeared as part of a business plan developed by the manager of the Rialto Movie Theater.

“Despite its downtown location, the Rialto Movie Theater, a local institution for five decades, must make big changes or close its doors forever. It should follow the example of the new Apex Theater in the mall outside of town. When the Apex opened last year, it featured a video arcade, plush carpeting and seats, and a state-of-the-art sound system. Furthermore, in a recent survey, over 85 percent of respondents reported that the high price of newly released movies prevents them from going to the movies more than five times per year. Thus, if the Rialto intends to hold on to its share of a decreasing pool of moviegoers, it must offer the same features as Apex.”

Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.

中文翻译：

尽管已成立50余年的当地机构Rialto剧院地处闹市，它必须采取重大变革，否则就将面临永久停业。它应该借鉴城外商业街上新的Apex剧院的例子。Apex去年开业的时候，它拥有视听走廊，豪华地毯和座椅，以及最先进的音响系统。而且，最近一次调查中，超过85%的被访者报告说新发行影片的过高票价致使他们看电影的次数每年至少减少五次。因此，如果Rialto想在电影观众减少的情况下保持市场份额，它必须提供和Apex相同的设施和服务。

写一篇回应，在其中讨论还有哪些问题需要被回答才能决定文中的推荐是否能得到预期结果，并务请解释对这些问题的回答是如何帮助更好的评估文中的建议的。

新版GRE写作新题库：Argument

题目：

“For many years all the stores in our chain have stocked a wide variety of both domestic and imported cheeses. Last year, however, all of the five best-selling cheeses at our newest store were domestic cheddar cheeses from Wisconsin. Furthermore, a recent survey by Cheeses of the World magazine indicates an increasing preference for domestic cheeses among its subscribers. Since our company can reduce expenses by limiting inventory, the best way to improve profits in all of our stores is to discontinue stocking many of our varieties of imported cheese and concentrate primarily on domestic cheeses.”

中文翻译：

很多年来我们的所有连锁店都储备了很多种类的国产奶酪和进口奶酪。然而去年，我们的最新店里五种销量最高的奶酪都是威斯康星出产的cheddar奶酪。而且，最近一次由Cheese of the World杂志所举行的调查显示，其订阅者对于国产奶酪的倾向性越来越高。由于我们公司可以通过限制库存来减少开支，在我们所有连锁店增加盈利的最好方式就是停止贮备很多进口奶酪而主要集中于国产奶酪。

GRE写作范文：实用的意义

GRE写作题目：

Practicality is now our great idol， which all powers and talents must serve.Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world.

GRE写作正文：

In today's society idealism seems to become an ideology that is marginalized and practicality is our great idol， thus， the speaker asserts that anything that is not practical bears little value. I admit that being practical is the wide-accepted dogma in order to survive in this world， but by going too far to claim that anything that is not practical has little value is against the empirical observation as well as the general stimulus that push the human society forward.

Admittedly， practicality has become a cult in today's society. Too often do we hear people talk about being practical whenever they come to make important decisions or choose between several alternatives. The deep-rooted cause underlying this phenomenon is that with the development of modern society， the emphasis is placed more on financial gaining， quick fame， sensible choice and so forth. Our society is rather stable compared with that of the last century when war， violence， human right movements has become the symbol of that period. People are enjoying this peaceful environment with less crucial missions rested upon them and as a result， they shift from idealism to struggle for the common well being of mankind to the practical concept of individual achievement.

This ideology has its merits since after all the disaster and upheaval that our human race has undergone， it is judicious to focus on the economic aspect of things in order to tackle the most important social problems such as poverty， hunger and environmental problems which all deserve us to sit down and work out practical solutions. On the personal level， being practical is how a person would possibly succeed in his career or personal life. One is likely to make sensible decisions for his education and job choice on the basis of practical consideration of his own strength and weakness and careful analysis of the prospect of research direction and job market. Even those in power and intellects need to consider practically since hasty decision built upon pure ideal meditation would hardly find its way in the modern society and is doom to failure.

Agreeing with the speaker that practicality has become the great idol in our society， I am strongly against his point that anything that is not practical has little value. Even in today's society， idealism is by no means relegated to the place of total neglect and disregard. For one thing， in history， so much achievement is the outcome of several generations' struggle such as fighting for equality for women， human rights movement，etc. In today's society， practicality is the way we can obtain our goal but idealism offers the philosophical explanation of why we should set this as our goal and the clear the ultimate value of our pursuing. What is more， by totally fixed one's eyes upon the practical aspect of things， we face the danger of neglecting one important part of our pursuit， that is the mental enjoyment brought out by idealism. If we have a clear goal set in mind and put practical endeavor at the same time， the result would be more satisfactory and valuable.

To sum up， I agree with the speaker insofar as the wide acceptance of practicality is considered. Being practical is the tenet of modern society and it does shed light on the wise way of doing things and obtaining goals， no matter in the personal or social level.But the speaker goes too far by claiming that it is the only valuable ideology in society.I am strongly against this idea since in history or at present， we human beings still need the philosophical explanation to clear our goal and to provide motivation. In this aspect， idealism would never be replaced with pure practical consideration. Otherwise，human society will be replete with insensible people directed by economic profit and quick fame and recognition.

篇6：2020GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析

GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT高分要点分析

GRE写作Argument和Issue差异点分析

首先，小编来为大家介绍一下GER写作两篇作文的差别所在：

1. 写作具体要求区别

2. 写作难度有所不同

3. 复习方法花费时间不同

ARGUMENT作文难度较低，需要的复习时间也比较少。而复习ARGUMENT，考生则应该把注意力更多地集中在根据官方题库学习找逻辑漏洞进行攻击的具体写法上。因为哪怕题目千变万化，但能够用以攻击反驳的逻辑问题其实就那么固定的几种，大家只要练熟了找茬的本领学会了写作套路，想要写好ARGU并不困难。同时，考生在学习GRE作文预测时，对于ARGU部分的内容，从文章细节漏洞等角度入手会收获更好的复习效果。

GRE写作两篇作文相同点

1. 文章基本要求相同

2. 文章评分标准相同

3. 官方复习资源相同

GRE两篇作文高分策略分享

考生在面对两篇GRE作文时，应该如何确保高分呢?

1. 两篇都不能放

2. 针对中国考生特点

GRE写作：Argument写作必备词汇

GRE的argument写作所常用的词汇整理，对于快速掌握GRE的argument写作很有帮助，非常实用灵活。因果(后接原因)：

=〉因为：owing to; in respect that; on account of; due to; for the reason that; since; for; may account for;

=〉由……导致：as a consequence / result of; is the result of; derive from; result from; be a response to;

因果(后接结果)：

=〉导致：result in; be responsible for; attributable to/ attribute to; contribute to~; lead to; cause; give birth to; give rise to; serve to;

=〉故此：hence; therefore; thereby+现在分词; thus; as a result; so that;

eventually; correspondingly; accordingly; consequently; resultingly; namely;

=〉为了：so as to; for the purpose of; for the sake of; in an attempt to; in efforts to;

弱因果(考虑到)：

=>for fear of; bearing in mind; be blamed on;

=>considering; in consideration of; knowing;

=>in face of (such limited evidence); in light of; in view of; in favor of; concern with; in terms of;

=>object to;

关于：

in relation to; with respect to; with regard to; with/in reference to;

within the context of;

with the guise of(在伪装下);

常用点缀小副词：

=〉事实上：in itself; actually; in fact; in reality; realistically;as a matter of fact; more prosaically;

=〉程度：highly; greatly; inescapably; to some extent; somewhat; thoroughly; seriously; spectacularly; indeed; undoubtedly; certainly; completely; wholly; in many cases; it is save to say;

=〉其它：comparatively; relatively; relevantly; as to; ideally; presumably;

转折：

nonetheless; nevertheless; in spite of; whereas; instead; conversely; however;

对比：

in contrast; as compared to; in comparison with; at the same time;

differentiate between ~ and ~; differentiate ~ from ~;

让步：

take it for granted; grantedly; granted that ;

Now that; as though; after all; even if; even assuming; despite; to the extent that this is the case; appear; seem; while this may be true in some cases, it is equally possible that~;

递进：

furthermore; in addition/additionally; besides; moreover; what really matters/counts is; what is more; let alone; particularly; most importantly; _is even more_;

等同：

equate ~with~; amount to; likewise; in like manner; similarly; in other words; that is to say; along with; in combination; in the same way;

Coincide with;

其它常用词汇：

举例：

for instance; for example; such as; consider the fact that;

立即：

immediately; for the time being; in no time; on the spot;

鉴于此：

for that matter; in that case; for that reason; as for;

可能不是这样：

(unfortunately)

=>this is not necessarily the case;

this is often/certainly not the case;

this might not be the case;

this need not be the case;

common sense and experience tell us this is not the case/this assumption is a poor one;

=>the argument fails to substantiate this assumption;

perhaps ~that have nothing to do with~;

this argument by analogy is wholly unpersuasive;

this argument, nonetheless, is based on an oversimplified analysis of the cause of~ and the presumptuous correlation is unacceptable;

=>although this is entirely possible, the argument provides no evidence to support this assumption;

if this is not the case, then it is entirely possible that~;

lacking evidence to confirm this assumption, it is entirely possible that ~;

应该：

would have to; should; ought to; must; have to; be required to; would be;

根据总体的趋势：

overall group of~; in general; as a whole; on the whole;

断言：

assert; claim; postulate; declare; affirm; emphasize; advocate;

反映：

indicate; reveal; reflect; demonstrate; imply; illustrate; infer; predict;

可能性：

possibility; likelihood (in all likelihood); alternative/alternative means of ~; explanation; occurence; validity; legitimacy; credibility;

可行性：

feasibility;

好：

vital; crucial; essential; overriding; significant; profound; play a key role; potency;

逻辑好：

=〉valid; feasible;

=〉sound; forceful; reliable; convincing; effective;

=〉persuasive; compelling; credible;

好(副词)：

necessarily; justifiably; confidently; reasonably;

逻辑不好：

=〉unwarranted; unsubstantiated; unreliable; unjustified; unfounded;

without justification/warrant; premature; poor; vulnerable; indefensible; groundless; reachless

=〉dubious; open to doubt; questionable; suspectable; problematic; which render it unconvincing as it stands/which render it wholly unpersuasive;

=〉insufficiently; atypical /exceptional; oversimplified;

=〉fallacious; flawed;

=〉plausible; gratuitous;

不好(副词)：

unfairly; “好”的副词前面加一个can not/could not

面临：

confront; encounter; witness;

限制：

Restrict; circumscribe; confine; limit;

表面上：

on the surface; superficially; ostensibly; apparently;

具体的：

concrete; specific; detailed; particular; definite; informative;

加快促进：

accelerate; facilitate; advance; boost;

支持：

substantiate; bolster; justify; solidify; support; strengthen; validate; in favor of; in support of;

否定：

=>fail;

=>miss; neglect; in ignorance of; is hardly suffice to / do not suffice to; suggest nothing about;

=>refute; undermine; deny; refuse; weaken;

按照原文的假设/推断：

rest on; rely on; depend on; base on; on the basis of;

upon which the argument depends;

upon which the argument rest;

upon which the argument relies;

只要：

so long as ; so far as; only if; insofar; subject to the proviso;

不管：

no matter what; irrespective of whether/~; regardless of; whatsoever;

(忽略了)把某因素考虑进去：

(fail to; omit to); take ~ into account/ consideration; give an insight into; account for(解释);

considering and weighing; considering and ruling out/eliminate;

weighing ~ against alternatives/~;

concerning;

缺少：in the absence of; for lack of; lacking; a lack of; in short of;

不足：scant;

仅仅：mere; only; nothing more than;

足够的：sufficient;

很多大量：a myriad of; a variety of; a multitude of; numerous; a large amount of; a great deal of;

过度：undue; exceedingly; excessive; overstate; overemphasize;

不断增长：growing; increasing; quickening;

伴随：

along with; keep pace with; consistent with; in harmony with; cope with; in accordance with; in conjunction with;

serve as catalyst which will foster~;

逻辑：

reasoning; way of thinking; line of reasoning; analysis;

倾向：be less prone to;

在成长路上：in one’s course of growth;

富人：haves 穷人：have-not

提建议时说作者需要：a more complete understanding of_;

天生的：by nature; inherited; inherent; intrinsic; in origin; innate;

供需关系：supply and demand;

方面：

angles; aspect; facet; side; viewpoint;

in all respects; in many fields;

highlight an aspect of;

in all likelihood;

获得：

acquire; gain; attain; achieve; pursue;

影响;

interfere with~;

have/exert a profound influence on life/personality;

have a dramatic/undesirable effect on;

满足：

meet; satisfy; accommodate the demand of; be accustomed to;

很明显的：

it is conceivable/ obvious/ apparent;

conspicuous; strikingly; notably;

类比： apply specifically/equally to;

同等甚至更多：commensurably, or perhaps even more;

一系列:

a series of; in a row;

好像、可能：

likely; possible; probably; perhaps; as though; maybe; may; might;

篇7：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT提分攻略

The following appeared as a letter to the editor of a local newspaper.

“Five years ago, we residents of Morganton voted to keep the publicly owned piece of land known as Scott Woods in a natural, undeveloped state. Our thinking was that, if no shopping centers or houses were built there, Scott Woods would continue to benefit our community as a natural parkland. But now that our town planning committee wants to purchase the land and build a school there, we should reconsider this issue. If the land becomes a school site, no shopping centers or houses can be built there, and substantial acreage would probably be devoted to athletic fields. There would be no better use of land in our community than this, since a large majority of our children participate in sports, and Scott Woods would continue to benefit our community as natural parkland.”

A school should serve all students living nearby so that they can commute in a short distance. That will provide the better basic-human-needs. It is questioned that whether it is appropriate to establish a school in the area without locating houses. On the other hand, wouldn't it be good if the land is left untouch?

These are the facts of argument that readers might have after reading the message. The information is too opinionate therefore develop many questions. The writing given in the first part does not support the rest.

Comments:

The first paragraph of this fundamentally deficient response is apparently attempting to summarize the issues and terms of the argument. The attempt, though, is almost completely obscured by errors and the disorganized presentation of ideas. Paragraph 2 offers only the assessment that “the information is too opinionate therefore develop many questions.”

The response warrants a score of 1 because it exhibits three of the scoring guide characteristics for a 1:

-- provides little evidence of the ability to understand and analyze

the argument

-- has severe and persistent errors in language and sentence structure

-- contains a pervasive pattern of errors in grammar, usage, and

mechanics that results in incoherence

篇8：GRE写作ISSUE和ARGUMENT提分攻略

Six?months?ago?the?region?of?Forestville?increased?the?speed?limit?for?vehicles?traveling?on?the?region's?highways?by?ten?miles?per?hour.??Since?that?change?took?effect,?the?number?of?automobile?accidents?in?that?region?has?increased?by?15?percent.??But?the?speed?limit?in?Elmsford,?a?region?neighboring?Forestville,?remained?unchanged,?and?automobile?accidents?declined?slightly?during?the?same?six-month?period.??Therefore,?if?the?citizens?of?Forestville?want?to?reduce?the?number?of?automobile?accidents?on?the?region's?highways,?they?should?campaign?to?reduce?Forestville's?speed?limit?to?what?it?was?before?the?increase.??

When?we?compare?two?things,?we?like?to?put?them?on?the?same?background.?same?condition.??

For?the?fact?given?above,?in?the?same?time,?foundmentally,?the?two?region?have?the?same?traffic?condition,?except,?the?speedlimit?is?improved?in?one,?and?the?other?keep?the?same.?So?we?can?get?the?result?that?the?reason?of?the?difference?is?that?the?improved?speed?limit.?And?also?the?change?will?give?some?other?inconvinent?to?the?people?there.?For?example,?the?people?will?not?familiar?with?the?change,?have?some?problem?in?handle?the?speed.??

So,?what?I?think?is?that?the?citizen?should?show?the?government?the?statistic?number?of?the?difference.?Argue?with?them.?Comments:?

This?response?is?fundamentally?deficient?as?a?critique?for?two?reasons:??

--?although?the?writer?has?relied?heavily?on?the?language?of?the?topic,????it?is?clear?that?the?writer?has?no?real?control?of?language,?and?--?there?is?little?or?no?evidence?of?the?writer's?ability?to?develop?an????organized?response.?

GRE写作

篇9：GRE写作argument和issue准备技巧介绍

GRE写作argument和issue模板准备技巧介绍

GRE写作Argument模板准备：掌握逻辑

GRE写作Issue模板准备：准备提纲

GRE写作模板准备难度对比：Issue>Argument

GRE写作计分方式

以上便是为大家介绍的如何准备GRE写作的方法了，各位考生不要畏惧GRE写作，只要认真准备，想取得高分还是不难的。大家可以参考以上文章来多练笔，从根本上提高自己的写作水平。

GRE作文范例参考

Consciously Reconnecting

There may be times when we feel like our connection to the universe is closed. Maybe things don’t seem to be going well in our day, or our lives, or we may feel out of our element. The truth is, the universe is always there for us. We know that we create our experience with our thoughts, and this is another way we need to make a conscious decision about how we want to experience life. It is up to us to do the work of making the connection, because nobody can do it for us, though sometimes the universe may send us wake-up calls.

You can think of it as getting some fresh air. We are always breathing and the air is always around us, surrounding us, moving through us. But we may need to step outside of where we are in the moment—physically, mentally, or emotionally—and make the conscious choice to take a deep breath in order to feel the air coming in and going out. Whether this means stepping outside physically or merely shifting our thoughts, it is only our perception that changes; the air remains the same.

It is just as easy to reconnect with the universe. Using the same technique as a breath of fresh air, a deep breath can bring us back to our center. As we inhale, we fill our bodies with the oxygen needed to replenish our most basic physical needs, allowing the air to circulate within us. Exhaling, we release the stale, the used, the potentially toxic air, removing any blocks that may keep us from going deeper into the stillness that lies at our center where we connect to the universe. Feeling closed off does not need to be a negative experience. When we become conscious of it, we can think of the wholeness of a closed circuit, which allows electricity to connect and flow properly. Our bodies work the same way, and when we make that connection in our minds, it can help bring us back to the connection we seek.

GRE范文：古迹是否应该要得到保护

[Direction]

Many old building are protected by law because they are part of a nation‘s history. However, some people think knocked down to make way for new ones because people need houses and offices. How important is it to maintain old buildings? Should history stand in the way of progress?

[Example]

Old buildings sometimes conflicts with social advancement. Appealing as it is in the eyes of business people, tearing down old architect to make room for real-estate development is not a wise idea in many ways.

The primarily reason is that old buildings, like our native language, forms our cultural identity and keep a unique record the history of a country. From this aspect, old buildings are considered very valuable as one of the symbols of the culture of a nation. For instance, the traditional Chinese residence in Beijing, Siheyuan, are once seen as the remains of the Old World, and were destroyed by people shortly after the founding of People‘s Republic of China. Until recently did the people and policy makers as well realize that it is an inexcusable and stupid idea to commit such a terrible deed because old buildings, once gone, are not restorable. But their economic values and aesthetic appeals have just caught the attention of Chinese people.

Moreover, old buildings, if planed and preserved properly, could coexist with modern real-estate development. In France, aged buildings bring millions of dollars of revenue for the government and amazed thousands of tourists. Yet no one thinks the high-rising office buildings and apartment buildings make the old architect a sore of the eye. By contrast, the new learn from the old, a fact that makes them more attractive.

We admit that not all old buildings should be treated equally and some of them do need to be torn down for various reasons such as safety and new buildings. However, we should not be too blind to see their value too. If only the real and practical factors are being considered, the country will be sorry for its loss in years to come.

As we have discussed, old buildings are part of a country‘s history and are valuable in many ways. We should plan well and be wise enough to see their value. But the same time, we should also do our best to find solutions to make the old and the new coexist in harmony.

新版GRE写作新题库：Argument

题目：

The following appeared in a magazine article about planning for retirement.

“Clearview should be a top choice for anyone seeking a place to retire, because it has spectacular natural beauty and a consistent climate. Another advantage is that housing costs in Clearview have fallen significantly during the past year, and taxes remain lower than those in neighboring towns. Moreover, Clearview's mayor promises many new programs to improve schools, streets, and public services. And best of all, retirees in Clearview can also expect excellent health care as they grow older, since the number of physicians in the area is far greater than the national average.”

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

中文翻译：

由于Clearview的天然景色和温和气候，它应该成为那些为退休后寻找生活地的人的首选。另一项好处是，Clearview的房价在去年显著下降，房地产税一直比邻近城市低。而且，Clearview的市长承诺了很多新方案来改学校、街道和公共服务。Clearview的退休人员也可以在老年时享受到出色的医疗服务，因为该地区的医生数量高于全国平均水平。

写一篇回应，讨论还需要何种具体的证据才能更好的评估上面的论证，并解释这个证据是如何强化/削弱这篇文章的论证的。

篇10：GRE作文之Issue和Argument的区别及技巧

GRE作文：Issue和Argument的区别及技巧

GRE作文之Issue：准备提纲

GRE作文之Argument：掌握逻辑

GRE作文难度： Issue>Argument

总的来看，Issue难度高于Argument。对于考生来说，Issue比Argument要求拥有更扎实的写作功底和更严密的逻辑思维。同时，ETS对于Issue的模板化和plagiarisms更加敏感。总之，获得Issue高分需要较多的努力。相比之下，Argument内容相对单一 (出错的逻辑类型比较少)，题目中给了考生更多的提示信息，因此提高Argument成绩容易一些。

以上就是新GRE作文Issue和Argument的区别以及GRE写作技巧介绍，各位考生在进行GRE作文备考时可以采取各个击破的方法，分别进行攻克，争取拿到GRE写作高分。

GRE作文ARGUMENT官方题库满分范文点评

GRE作文官方题库ARGUMENT题目：

“Of the two leading real estate firms in our town—Adams Realty and Fitch Realty—Adams is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents. In contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams’ revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch, and included home sales that averaged $168,000, compared to Fitch’s $144,000. Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago, I listed my home with Fitch and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams.”

【满分范文赏析】

The author argues that Adams Realty is superior to Fitch Realty. To support this claim the author cites statistics about the number and working hours of agents, and the number and sales prices of homes sold by the two farms. Further, the author cites anecdotal evidence involving personal experience with Fitch and Adams. A careful analysis reveals that this evidence lends little credible support for the argument.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument开头段结构，即C—E—F的开头结构。段落首先概括原文的Conclusion，接下来概括原文为支持其结论所引用的一系列Evidence，最后给出开头段到正文段的过渡句，指出原文的Flaw，即其Evidence不能为其结论提供可靠的支持。

【本段功能】

本段作为Argument开头段，具体功能就在于发起攻击并概括原文的结论，即Adams不动产公司要优于Fitch不动产公司。本段接下来分布列举了原文为支持其结论所引用的证据——这两家公司所拥有经纪人的数目和工作时间、二者所售出的住宅的数量和价格、以及与两家公司接触的个人经历等等。这些信息的归纳为正文段中即将进行的具体攻击作出铺垫。

The claim is partially based on the fact that Adams has more agents than Fitch and that many of Fitch’s agents work only part-time. There is no correlation between the number of employees, their working hours, and the quality of their work. Without such a link, we could consider the possibility that a smaller firm could be more effective than a larger one and, likewise, that a part-time agent could be more effective than a full-time agent. Besides, the author does not provide any information about the specific number of Adams agents who work part-time.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第一个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】

本段作为正文第一段，攻击原文所犯的第一个重要逻辑错误——相关性错误。原文的论点部分建立在Adams的经纪人数目更多并且Fitch的很多经纪人仅兼职工作这一事实上。然而，一个较小规模的公司可能会比一个较大规模的公司效率更高;同理，一位兼职的经纪人也可能会比一位全职的经纪人工作效率更高。另外，原文作者并没有对Adams的兼职经纪人的具体数目提供更多信息。

The claim is also supported by the fact that Adams sold more properties than Fitch last year. One year of sales records is an insufficient sample. It is possible that in most other years Adams could have sold fewer properties than Fitch. Moreover, the disparity in sales volume could be explained by factors other than the comparative quality of the two firms. For example, perhaps Adams serves a denser geographic area or in an area where turnover in home-ownership is higher for reasons unrelated to Adams’ effectiveness. It is even possible that the only reason sales volume is higher at Adams is because the company employs more agents but, perhaps, each Adams agent sells fewer homes on average than each Fitch agent does. Without ruling out such alternative explanations for the disparity in sales volume, the author cannot defend the conclusion based on such scant evidence.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第二个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】

本段作为正文第二段，攻击原文中出现的第二个重要逻辑错误——调查类错误+因果类错误。除上一段中提到的论据外，原文所依赖的另一论据是Adams去年比Fitch售出了更多的房产这一事实。然而，仅仅一年的销售数据是一个不充分的样本——可能在大多数其它年份里Adams的房产销售量均低于Fitch的房产销售量。进一步，本段指出两家公司房产销售量之间的差异可以被这两家公司的相对竞争力之外的其它可能因素所解释，并随后提出了两种其它的可能解释。最后，本段指出作者在没有排除这些其它可能解释之前是不能利用如此缺乏的证据对其结论进行辩护的。

Support for the claim is also drawn from the average sales price of homes. This evidence only illustrates that the homes that Adams sells are more valuable on average than the ones that Fitch sells, not that Adams is more effective in selling homes than Fitch. Moreover, it is possible that a few relatively high-priced or low-priced properties skewed these averages, rendering any conclusions about the comparative quality of the two firms based on these averages irrelevant.

【本段结构】

本段采用了标准的Argument正文段结构，即：概括第三个逻辑错误的错误类型和其在原文中出现的位置，接下来给出合理的理由和他因来反驳原文。

【本段功能】

本段作为正文第三段，攻击原文中出现的第三个重要逻辑错误——因果类错误+平均值错误。在原文中，对两家不动产公司房产平均销售价的比较也为原文论点提供了支持。然而，这一证据仅能说明Adams所售房产平均而言比Fitch所售房产的价值更高，而并不能说明Adams的售房效率比Fitch更高。进一步，本段指出房产售价的平均值可能会受到个别售价相对较高或较低的房产的影响，因此基于这些平均值所得出的任何关于这两家不动产公司品质比较的结论均是不相干的。

GRE issue写作优秀实例：全球化

题目：

With the growth of global networks in such areas as economics and communication, there is no doubt that every aspect of the society -- including education, politics, the arts and the sciences -- will benefit greatly from international influences.

随着全球网络在经济和通讯等领域中的发展，毫无疑问，社会的各个领域——包括教育、政治、、艺术和科学——都会从国际影响中获益匪浅。

正文：

I fundamentally agree with the contention in the title statement that, with the growth of global network in many areas, every aspect will benefit from international influences more or less. However, the continually appearing harmful byproducts of globalization,though maybe not so disturbing right now, calls for a more comprehensive and balanced view in which the positive and negative influences are both considered.

Admittedly, globalization is a process leading to improving productivity in increasing national welfare in every country who participates in it. As David Ricardo, one of the most important economist of the Classical Political Economics, brilliantly illustrated as the famous Law of Comparative Advantage, “Even if one nation is less efficient than other countries in every commodities, there is still a basis for mutually beneficial trade,when every nation keep producing commodity in which its comparative advantage (presenting as comparative price in a monetary society) is greater and exchange with other countries for other products.” Nowadays, not only has this principle been proved right in economic area, but in culture, politics, education and social spheres, it becomes a fundamental rule and primary notion based on which the policies are established. Thus the idea is widely accepted that material progress and well-being of one country will do good to that of others.

However, when we enjoy the advantages of the globalization, there are still many disconcerting phenomenon along with this process. First of all, more and more multinationals from developed countries locate their manufacturing departments, which produce much pollution, in developing countries like Thailand, Vietnam and China, while leave their Research&Development sectors at home for some cost-saving reasons. But this aggregates the environmental deterioration and industry structure laggard in the developing countries. In other words, people in these countries will suffer the potential dangers from international influences.

In addition, too rapid globalization help deracinate some cultures in powerless position.As an example, in China, fewer and fewer children and youth are interested in the Chinese Opera, not to say take it as a career. Their most favorite singers are Branny Spears and Robby Williams who are popular all over the world. But, can you simply conclude that R&B and Rap music is of more values to the young people in China than the Chinese Opera that has a history of over 2000 years? Actually, though energy- and time-consuming, it is one of the most important responsibilities, as a member of the society, to protect those ancient cultures from being bogged down in the Sargasso sea of modern culture when we keep on with the globalization.

Finally, the loss of intelligence is another dilemma confronted by developing countries in these days. Whether supported by national scholarship or self-financed, many students from these countries maintain a further education in western countries.Nevertheless, when they find satisfying job opportunities, they will probably not go back and work for their motherland. Unfortunately, this part of students is always among the most intelligent human resources of the country, who are supposed to be the main force to construct the country. This kind of destruction to a society can even not be measured by money.

To sum up, without a open attitude to the world, a nation becomes myopic and eventually inefficient. Without considering the negative influences brought by the process of globalization, nations, especially the developing countries, will suffer from the latent destructions sooner or later. Though we may not accuse globalization for all the harms, it is advisable for everyone to pay our attention to it and do our best to constrain the bad effects to the least. Otherwise, it is unprofitable to choose construct the global networks, not only to us, but to our descendants.

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