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篇1:选修8英语u5课文翻译
加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州,而且是人口最多的州。加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州,它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史后,你就不会对此感到惊讶了。
美洲土著人
最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加利福尼亚地区的,谁也说不清楚。然而,很可能至少在15 ,0以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。科学家们认为,这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后,土著人遭受了极大的苦难,成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。此外,欧洲人带来了疾病,使许多人染病而死,不过,还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
西班牙人
在18世纪的时候,加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在1 6世纪初期来到南美洲的,他们同土著人打仗,并夺去了他们的土地3两个世纪以后,西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来,而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来c在首批移
居加州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。18,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,美国赢得战争胜利后,墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
俄罗斯人
19世纪初期,一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。今天,住在圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。
淘金矿工
1848年,在美国同墨西哥开战之后不久,在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。事实上很少有人圆了发财梦。一些人死了或回家了,但是尽管条件十分艰苦,多数人还是留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生,并在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候,它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。
后来的移民
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了,但是更大批量的移民却是在1 9世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。今天,加利福尼亚州各地都有美籍华人,尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)的“中国城”里。
19世纪后期,其他国家的移民,比如意大利人来到了加利福尼亚,他们主要是渔民,也有制酒工人。19,丹麦的移民建立了自己的城镇,至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。 20世纪代,电影业在加州的好莱坞建立了起来。这个行业吸引了大量的欧洲人,包括许多犹太人。今天,加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。
日本农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的,而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。非洲人从1 9世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来,他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。然而,更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期间来到加利福尼亚的,当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作。
最近期的移民
在最近的几十年里,加利福尼亚成了更多的亚洲人的家,包括朝鲜人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。从20世纪70年代以来,计算机工业吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人来到加州。
未来展望
世界各地的人,由于受到气候条件和生活方式的吸引,仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。人们认为,要不了多久,多种国籍的混合将会非常之大,以致不可能存在一种主要的种
族或文化群体,而是多种族、多文化的混合体。
篇2:选修8英语u5课文翻译
克隆一直与我们同在,而如今它还要持续下去。这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时,就会产生这种现象。这种现象也发生在动物身上,从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。实际上,这些都是自然克隆现象。
克隆技术有两大用途。第一,园艺师一直用它生产大量的供商用的植物;第二,它在对新植物物种的研究以及对动物的医学研究方面都是很有价值的。克隆植物简单,但克隆动物就比较复杂了,是一项很难完成的任务。克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。但是,科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报,这就是具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生。它的程序如下图所示:
1.母羊(A)提供一个卵细胞。
2.在卵细胞中取出细胞核。
3.卵细胞准备接受新的`细胞核。
4.母羊(B)提供一个供克隆的躯干细胞。该细胞核应包含生产一头新羊所需要的全部基因。
5.取出该细胞的细胞核。
6.用电把母羊(B)的躯干细胞核和母羊(A)的卵细胞结合起来。
7.细胞分裂并生长成胚胎。
8.把胚胎植入另外一头母羊(C)体内,母羊(C)就是克隆羊的x孕者。
9.这头小羔羊就是母羊(B)所提,供的细胞核克隆而成的。
一方面,整个科学界都在关注着首例成功的克隆动物多莉羊的成长¨多莉看来是在正常地成长着,这很令人鼓舞。接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。研究克隆的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上.这让他们很沮丧。多莉总共只存活了六年半,这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。可悲的是,同样无法控制的命运也在影响着其他物种,如克隆鼠。科学家的脑海里产生的问题是:“这是不是所有克隆动物的一个主要困难呢?这种现象会不会永远发生?如果改进程序,问题会不会解决?
另一方面,多莉的出生引起了一阵强烈的反对,对,对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响。它引起了争议,因为它突然打开了人们的眼界,看到了有可能:用克隆技术来治疗重病,甚至克隆出人类。
尽管目前供克隆研究的人体卵细胞和胚胎还很难得到,但报纸报道说,有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他的野心。宗教领袖也提出了道德方面的问题。各国政府惶恐不安而且更加谨慎,有些政府开始改革司法制度,明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究。但是其他国家如中国和英国,则还在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富有的医疗救助的证据。然而,科学察们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类,以及克隆技术将把我们引向何处困惑。
篇3:选修8英语u5课文翻译
我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候,她感到很心烦。“我们院子里有几条蛇,”她告诉我说,“蛇时不时地爬到屋子旁边来,似乎是在屋子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。你能不能把它们赶走?”我感到很自豪。这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西,既可以把蛇捉住,而又不会伤害它们。我知道我的父母是不会让我伤害这些生物的。
我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的任何产品能帮助我。但是,看来只有一种毒蛇的药粉。很明显,我得找一种新的方法了。于是我就着手研究蛇的习性,以便能用最容易的方法来捉住他们。好在这些爬行动物都很小,问题比较容易解决。
经过一番研究准备之后,我决定采用三种可能的方法:第一,铲除蛇的栖息地;第二,用男人或女人的香水或食物把它们引进陷阱;第三,降低它们的体温,使它们困乏,这样就很容易把它们捉住。我决定采用最后一种方法。我买了一个制冰淇淋的不锈钢碗。在碗的内壁和外壁都抹上果冻,这些果冻冷却后会冻结。我把这个碗放进冰箱,冷冻了24个小时。与此同时,我还准备了一些冰块儿。
第二次试验我用的还是冻结的碗和冰块儿,但是这次我是在夜晚气温开始变凉的时候把它们放在蛇窝的上方,然后像以前那样用桶把碗罩住,通宵放在那儿。第二天一早我就去看结果。这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查的时候,发现蛇都是睡意浓浓的。但是一把它们提起来,它们就要咬我。因为它们都是毒蛇,所以很显然我还得改进我的捕蛇方案。
第三次试验重复了上一次的程序,不过第二天早晨我的手里拿了一个捕鱼用的小网。这是因为我预料蛇还全再咬人。但是经过仔细监视,证明这些蛇是制造不了麻烦的,一切都按计划进行着。我把这些温顺的蛇收集起来,第二天就愉快地把他们全都释放到野外去了。
由于朋友和亲戚的敦促,我决定把我这次的发明运到专利局去,请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。只有你得到这种承认,你才可以说你是一个真正的发明者二(评定)专利标准非常严格,除非新的想法真是新颖的,否则很难被接受。此外,你的想法如果属于下列情况,那么你也不可能得到专利:
·一种发现·一种科学理论或数学模式·文学或艺术·一场游戏或一笔交易·一个电脑程序
·一种新的动植物物种
你的产品要经过仔细调查,证明它确实是与众不同的,你才能获得专利。专利局还有一大批审查人员,他们的唯一职责就是审查你的专利申请是否有效。如果通过了所有这些审查,你申请的专利就会在你提出申请的18个月之后公布出来。于是,我填了表,向专利局提交了申请书。现在就是等,待和期盼了。将来你看看我的银行结余金额就会知道我是否成功了祝我好运吧。
篇4:选修6英语课文及翻译
选修6英语课文及翻译
Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING 西方绘画艺术的历史
Art is influenced by the customs and of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD)
During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artistof this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.
The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they coule decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence,oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century)
In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal,from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles.
Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worke in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.
Modern Art(29th century to today)
At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepeted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. This is because the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their environment in new ways. There are scores of modern art styles,but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exsist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates n certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?
西方的艺术风格经历了多次变革,而中国艺术所经历的变革则比较少。艺术受到人民生活方式和信仰的影响,而中国,和欧洲不同,它的生活方式在很长时期里都是相近的。西方艺术风格多种多样,在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此,本文只谈从公元5世纪以来少数几种主要的艺术风格。
中世纪(公元5世纪到15世纪)
在中世纪,画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。艺术家们无意于如实地展现自然和人物,却着意体现对上帝的爱戴与敬重,因此,这段时期的绘画充满着宗教的信条。到13世纪时,情况已经开始发生变化,像乔托这样的画家们开始以一种比较现实的风格来画宗教场景。
文艺复兴时期(15世纪到16世纪)
在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始更多地关注人而非宗教。画家们回到了罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实地画出人物和自然。富人们想为自己的宫殿和豪宅收集艺术品,他们高价聘请著名艺术家来为自己画相,画自己的房屋和其它财物,以及他们的活动和成就。
在此期间,最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事物。第一个在绘画中使用透视法的人是马萨乔,那是在1428年。当人们第一次看到他的画时,还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景,并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法,人们就不可能画出如此逼真的画。在文艺复兴对期,油画也得到了发展,它使得色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。
印象派时期(19世纪后期到20世纪初期)
19世纪后期,欧洲发生了巨大的变化,从以农业为主的社会变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有着许多新发明,还有许多社会变革。这些变革也自然而然地导致了绘画风格上的变化。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。
印象派画家是第一批室外写景的艺术家。他们想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。由于自然光的变化很快,所以印象派画家们必须很快地作画,因此,他们的画就不像以前那些画家的画那样细致了。起初,多数人都讨厌这种新式画法,甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心、粗枝大叶,而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。
现代艺术(加世纪至今)
在印象派作品的创建初期,它们是存在着争议的,但是如今已被人们接受而成为现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。如今,现代艺术风格已经有好几十种,然而如果没有印象派,那么这许多不同的风格就不可能存在。印象派画家帮助艺术家甩新的方渙来观察环境与艺术。有些现代艺术養砷象的,《祖就是说,;画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来,而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性,用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面,有些现代派的艺术作品却是太现实了,它看上去就像是一张照片。预言将来绘画艺术的风格倒是饶有兴趣的一件事。
Unit 3 Healthy Life 健康的生活
It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the big tree at the end of the garden. I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle. It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.Its my birthday in two weeks time and I ll be82years old! I think my long and active life must bedue to the healthy life I live.
This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my dear grandson. Your mother tells me that you started smoking some time ago and how you are finding it difficult to give it up. Believe me, I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop. You see, during adolescence I also smoked and became addicted to cigarettes.
By the way, did you know that this is because you become addicated in three different ways. First, you can become physically addicated to nicotine, which is one of the hundreds of chemicals in cigarettes. This means that after a while your body becomes accustomed to having nicotine in it. So when the drug leaves our body, you get withdrawal symptoms. I remember feeling bad-tempered and sometimes even in pain. Secondly, you become addicted through habit. As you know, if you do the same thing over and over again, you begin to do it automatically.Lastly, you can become mentally addicted. I believed I was happier and more relaxed after having a cigarette, so I began to that I could only feel good when I smoked. I was addicted in all three ways, so it was very difficult to quit. But I did finally manage.
When I was young, I didnt know much about the harmful effects of smoking. I didnt know, for example, that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. I certainly didnt know their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be abnormal in some way. Neither did I know that my cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. However, what I did know was that my girlfriend thought I smelt terrible. She said my breath and clothes smelt, and that the ends of my fingers were turning yellow. She told me that she wouldnt go out with me again unless I stopped! I also noticed that I became breathless quickly, and that I wasnt enjoying sport as much. When I was taken off the school football team because I was unfit, I knew it was time t quit smoking. I am sending you some advice I found on the Internet It might help you to stop and strengthen your resolve. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.
Love from
Grandad
亲爱的詹姆士:
今天这儿的天气很好。现在我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下昵。我刚刚才回来,骑自行车跑了很长一段路,一直到了古城堡。感到惊奇吧,像我这样的年纪,身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了!我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛,要归功于我的健康生活。
这就是我写信给你的真正原因,我亲爱的孙子。你妈妈告诉我,你已经开始吸烟了,而且还很难把它戒掉。相信我吧,我知道,吸烟容易戒烟难。你知道,当我还是一个十几岁的孩子的时候,.我也吸过烟,而且还上了瘾。这儿我想顺便问你一个问题,你知道上癮有三个方面的原因吗?
你会在身体上对尼古丁有瘾,它是香烟里几百种化学物质之一。这就是说,过了一段时间以后,你的身体习惯了香烟里的尼古丁,一旦你的体内没有这种麻醉剂了,你就会感到不适、烦燥、甚至痛苦。你也可能因为习惯的原因而上瘾。你知道,如果你反反复复地傲同一件事情,你就会自动地做它。最后,上瘾还有心理上的原因。有的人认为,抽了一支烟后,他就会感到轻松愉快,于是就以为抽烟才能使感觉良好。我想我之所以上瘾是有着这三个方面的原因的,因此,要戒烟就很难。但是我终于还是戒掉了。
在我年轻的时候,关于吸烟的危害性我知道得并不多,当时,我不知道抽烟能严重侵害人的心脏和肺部,也不知道吸烟的夫妇生育能力会下降。我更不知道,我自己吸烟还会损害那些不吸烟人的健康。然而我的的确确知道,我的'女朋友觉得我的烟味很难闻。:她说载的呼吸我的衣服都有味道,我的手指头都变黄了。她说在我把烟戒掉之前她是不会同我一起外出的。我也笨现我跑得不如以前那么快,也不像以前那样爱好运动了。而当我因为动作慢而被^足球队除名之后,我^知道该是我戒烟的时候了。
我把我从网上找到的一些忠告寄给你,也许对你戒烟会有所帮助。我的确希望你把它戒掉,因为我希望你能像我这样活得健康长寿。
爱你的爷爷
Unit 4 THE EARTH IS BECOMIG WARMER-BUT DOES IT MATTER? 全球在变暖会带来什么影响吗?
During the 20th century the temperature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenheit. That probably does not seem much to you or me, but it is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. So how has this come about and does it matter? Earth cares Sophie Armstrong explores these questions. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warmig rather than a random but natural phenomenon.
All scientists subscribe to the view that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels like coal, natural gas and oil to produce energy. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. Dr Janice Foster explains: “There is a natural phenomenon that scientists call the “greenhouse effect”.This is when small amounts of gases in the atmosphere, like carbon dioxide, methane and water vapour, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Without thegreenhouse effect the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsciu cooler than it is. So, we need those gases. The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.
We know that the levels of carbon dioxide have increased greatly over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. He found that between these years the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per million(see Graph 2) All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. So how high will the temperature increase go? Dr Janice Foster says that over the next 100 years the amount of warming could be as low as 1 to 1.5 degrees Celsius, but it could be as high as 5 degrees.
However, the attitude of scientists towards this rise in completely different. On the one hand, Dr Foster thinks that the trend which increases the temperature by 5 degrees would be a catastrophe. She says, “ We cant predict the climate well enough to know what to expect, but it could be very serious.” Others who agree with her think there may be a rise of several metres in the sea level, or predict severe storms, floods, droughts, famines, the spread of diseases and the disappearance of species. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, Hambley states, “More carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing. It will make plants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals-all of which will make life for human beings better.”
Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. No one knows the effects of global warming. Does that mean we should do nothing? Or, are the risks too great?
在20世纪期间,地球温度大约升了华氏1度。这个数值对你我来说很可能是无所谓的,但是跟多数自然变化相比较而言,这却是一种快速的增长。这种温度的增长是怎么产生的呢?会产生什么影响呢?“关爱地球”组织的阿姆斯特朗就在探究这些问题。
毫无疑问,地球是在变暖(见表一:略)。但是全球变暖的原因是人为的昵,或者仅仅是一种自然现象呢?对于这个问题存在着激烈的争辩。
许多科学家认为,人们为了生产能量而燃烧化石燃料〖如煤、天然气和石油等),从而引起了地球温度的升高。这个升温过程的副产品就叫做“温室”气体,其中最重要的就是二氧化碳。福斯特博士解释说:“你知道,有一种科学家称之为‘温室效应’的自然现象。这种现象发生在大气层中少量的气体(如二氧化碳、甲烷、水蒸汽等)吸收太阳的热量,因而使地球变暖的时候。如果没有这种温室效应,地球的温度将比现在的温度还要低33摄氏度左右。因此,我们需要这些气体。而当我们因为烧化石燃料而使大—层中增加了大量额外的二氧化碳时,问题就来了。二氧化碳含量的增加意味着更多的热量被困在大气层中,从而引起全球温度上升。”
我们知道,在过去100—150年期间,二氧化碳的含量急剧增加了。有一位名叫査尔斯奎林的科学家曾经把1957—期间大气层中二氧化碳的含量作了精确的统计。他发现,在这些年里,大气层中的二氧化碳含量从百万分之315上升到百万分之370。(见表二,略)所有科学家都接受这个数据。他们还认为,正是由于燃烧的化石燃料越来越多而导致了二氧化碳的增加。然而,科学家们在对待这个问题的态度上却是大不相同的。福斯特博士说,在今后的1里,全球变暖的量可能低到1—1.5摄氏度,但是也有可能高达5摄氏度。“我荽说,气温升高五度可能是一场大灾难。对于未来的气候,我们不可能作出精确的预测,但是那时的天气可能是很糟糕的。”多么糟糕呢?有人认为,全球变暖会导致海平面上升好几米,也有人预言会出现严重的风暴、干旱、饥荒、疫病和物种的绝灭。
在另一方面,还有一些人,像科学家乔治,汉布利,他们认为我们不必担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。他们还认为,科学家对全球变暖的关注只不过是一种推测罢了。他预言说,变暖的情况不会很严重,対环境的影响也不会太坏。他实际上是这样说的:“二氧化碳含量的增加实际上是件好事,它使植物成长更快,庄稼产量更高,还会促进动物的生长——所有这些都能改善人类的生活。”
温室气体继续在大气层中聚集。即使我们开始减少二氧化碳及其它温室气体的含量,在未来几十年或几个世纪内,气候仍会持续升温。没有人知道全球变暖会带来什么样的影响。这是不是意味着我们就不必采取任何措施昵?还是说,这样不采取任何措施危险性会很大呢?
Unit 5 AN EXCITING JOB一项具有剌激性的工作
I have the greatest job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I dont mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces n earth-the volcano.
I was appointed as volcanologist information for a database about Mount Kilauea, which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved man lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.
我的工作是世界上最伟大的工作。我胞的地方是稀罕奇特的地方,我见到的人是世界各地饶有趣味的人。有时在室外工作,有时在办公室里,有时工作中要用科学仪器,有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人去。但是我从来不感到工作烦人。虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险,但是我并不在乎,因为危险能激励我,使我感到有活力。然而,最重要的是,通过我的工作能保护人民免遭火山的威胁一这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。
我是一名火山学家,在夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。我的主要任务是收集有关基拉韦厄山的信息,这是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。收集和评估了这些信息之后,我就帮助其他科学家一起预测下次火山熔岩将往何处流去,流速是多少。我们的工作拯救了许多人的生命,因为熔岩要流经之地,老百姓都可以得到离开家园的通知。遗憾的是,我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流过的地方,因此,许多房屋被熔岩淹没,或者焚烧殆尽。
篇5:英语选修八第四单元课文翻译
人教版英语选修八第四单元课文翻译
Unit4 皮格马利翁主要人物:伊菜扎・杜利特尔(伊):穷苦的卖花姑娘,立志要改善自己的生活希金斯教授(希):语音学专家,坚信一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位皮克林上校(皮):陆军军官,后来成了希金斯教授的朋友,并给他安排了一项任务第一幕 决定性的会面19的某日晚上11点15分,在英国伦敦某剧场夕。正下着倾盆大雨,四处响着出租车的鸣笛声。有一位男士在躲雨,边听人们谈话边观察着人们的反应。他一边观察,一边作记录。附近一个穿着黑色衣裙围着羊毛围巾的卖花姑娘也在躲雨。这时有位先生(先)从这儿路过,他迟疑了片刻。伊:长官,过这边来呀,买我这个苦命的孩子一束花吧!先:对不起,我没有零钱,伊:长官,我可以给你找零钱呀。先:(惊奇地)一个英镑你找得开吗?没有再小的钱了。伊:(带有希望的神色)啊!好啦,从我这买一束吧。拿这一束,只要三个便士o(举起一些已经枯萎的花)先:(不舒服地)现在别烦我,好姑娘。(在他的口袋里找什么,这时语气好些了)等一等,这儿有几个零钱。这点钱对你有用吗?雨下大了,不是吗?(说完就走了)伊:(对先生付的钱表现出失望的样子,但是有总比没有好)先生,谢谢了。(看到有人在记什么,感到担心)嗨,我跟那位先生讲话,又没做错什么事。我有权卖花吧,我有权嘛!我不是小偷,我是个老实姑娘,老老实实的!(开始哭起来)希:(友善地)好啦,好啦!谁伤害你了,傻姑娘?你把我当成什么人了?(递给她一条手帕)伊:我还以为你是一个便衣警察呢。希:我像警察吗?伊:(仍在担心)那你为啥要把我说的话记下来呢?我怎么知道你是不是写对了呢?那你把你写的关于我的东西给我看看。希:你看吧!(把写满字的纸递给她)伊:这是什么呀?不像规规矩矩的字,我看不懂。(把纸退回给他)希:我懂。(模仿伊的声音读)长官,过这边来呀,买我这个苦命孩子一束花吧!(改用自己的声音)好了吧,你呀,如果我没有弄错的话,你出生在里森格罗佛:伊:(困惑不解的)如果我是又怎样呢?跟你有什么关系呢?皮:(本来是一直望着这个姑娘的,这时跟希金斯说话了)太棒了!请问你是怎么知道的呢?希:对人的发音进行研究、分类,如此而已。这是我的专业,也是我的业余爱好。你可以根据几句话判定是哪个地方的人。我可以根据任何谈话来判定他们是哪个地方的`人,差距不过六英里,有时候在伦敦甚至不超过两个街区呢。皮:恭喜你了!不过,你这样做有收入吗?希:当然有哆,还挺高呢。这是个致富的年代 人们从伦敦的穷人区开始工作,年收入才80英镑,最后到了富人区工作,年收入就是10万英镑了,但是他们一张嘴就会露出马脚(暴露自己的身份)。如今如果让我一教,她就会变成一个上层阶级的淑女……皮:是吗?那太妙了!希:(粗鲁地)你瞧这个姑娘,英语说得那样糟糕,使她注定要在贫民窟里待上一辈子。不过,先生,(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了,她就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。说不定我还可 以给她找份工作,当一名贵夫人的侍女或商店的店员。这些工作都要求英语说得好呢。伊:你说啥来着?店员?这正是我想要做的,真的!希:(不理睬她)你相信我说的话吗?皮:当然相信。我自己就学了好多种印度方言,而且……希:真的吗?那你认不认得皮克林上校呢?皮:当然认得,皮克林就是我。那么请问您是谁?希:我是亨利・希金斯。我还打算要去印度见你呢:皮:我也正是到英国来找你的!伊:我呢?你们怎么帮助我呢?希:啊,拿去吧!(漫不经心地朝她的篮子里扔去一把钱)好老兄,我们该美美地庆祝一番了。(一道离去)伊:(惊奇地看着收集起来的钱)啊,我还从来没有见过!整整一个英镑呢!一笔财富呀!这的确给我帮大忙了,真的。明天我一定去找你,亨利・希金斯。等着瞧吧!你那口(模仿他的声音)“真正的英语”……(用自己的声音)我倒要看看你能不能帮我找到……(离去)
篇6:英语课文翻译
英语课文翻译
广告委员会剪影
你可能不太清楚我们的名字,不过你肯定知道我们。59年来,广告委员会为美国创作了大量公益广告,出手及时,令人信服。我们提出的口号和创作的形象不仅令人难忘,而且能引起广泛关注,激励人们采取行动,挽救了无数的生命。广告委员会的作品所产生的久远影响,以及所引发的积极社会变革,由以下的结果可见一斑:
●95%的成年人和77%的儿童都知道黑熊斯莫奇和它那充满智慧的名言:“只有你才能预防森林火灾”。始于1944年的“黑熊斯莫奇预防森林火灾运动”,持续时间之长,知名度之大,在公益广告运动史上尚属罕见。
●广告委员会发起了“是朋友就不让朋友酒后驾车”的运动后,70%的美国人都劝阻过别人酒后不要驾车。美国与酗酒有关的伤亡人数是15 935,是美国交通运输部有史以来最低的一年,而这条广告语是美国最广为人知的反酒后驾车的口号。
● 从1972年开始,“联合黑人大学基金会”(UNCF)就一直提醒着美国人,“天才可贵,岂容浪费”。基金会筹集了14亿多美元,资助300 000多名少数民族学生读完大学。
●撞车测试假人文斯和拉里于1985年与美国公众见面后,使用安全带的比率从21%增加到70%,挽救了大约75 000人的生命。
1942年,首次出现了公益广告这个类别,自那时起,广告委员会在我们这个不断变化的社会中扮演着越来越关键的角色。
战时广告委员会是一个私人建立的非盈利性机构,成立的初衷是为与二战有关的活动募集资助。战时广告委员会发起了很多公益广告运动,通过战时公债筹集了350亿美元,鼓励人们开发了50 000 000个战时菜园,告诫人们“一言不慎,千帆尽沉”,通过感染力极强的铆工罗奇的形象,吸收了2 000 000名女性加入劳动大军。二战结束后,总统要求战时广告委员会继续存在下去,以和平时期的公益广告机构的身份,帮助解决当时迫在眉睫的社会问题,因此广告委员会应运而生。 广告委员会的使命是精心挑选出若干重大社会问题,通过传播方案,激励人们采取相应的行动,在一定程度上改变社会现状。为了达到这个目的,广告委员会募集了广告业和传播业的精英志愿工作者,利用媒体的设施,以及工商业界和非营利团体的资源,来提高公民的意识,促进理解,激发行动。 作为美国公益广告界最重要的制作者,广告委员会发起的公益广告运动超过1 000项,内容涉及制止犯罪和滥用毒品等重大问题,也使全美人民注意到虐待儿童、垃圾回收、艾滋病等问题。1995年,为了最大限度地发挥所有这些运动的影响力,广告委员会的董事会一致投票决定采取一项新的倡议,为期十年,来帮助不能为自己说话的美国人 ―― 美国儿童。该项行动名为“承诺2000”,目的是提高认识,激励个人采取积极行动,使美国儿童能有更好的机会来充分发挥他们的潜力。
根据尼尔森网络测评公司的排名,在过去的两年中,广告委员会在互联网广告商中的排名一般都在前25位,的显示量约为110亿次。广告委员会的网站www.adcouncil.com上介绍了所有的这些运动。广告委员会保证,要在这个瞬息万变的传媒世界,为公益广告建立一个立足之地,并且忠于职守,保持警觉。
9月11日惨剧之后,美国人极为悲痛,恐惧心理挥之不去,信仰开始动摇,安全受到威胁,经济下降更趋严重。广告委员会主动联系联邦政府及美国重要的非营利机构,提出创作与危机相关的公益广告,在全国媒体播出。这些新广告的设计理念是教育和激励全体美国人民积极行动起来,使美国人民坚强起来,为最终战胜恐怖主义贡献力量。
广告的利与弊
――――尼尔.弗林 随便看看任何报纸,都能发现数以百计的广告。有些是复杂精美的整页展示,不过大部分出现在更合算的分类广告栏目下。个人和公司投放广告的原因五花八门。我们能看到职位空缺、新产品、有人要买卖房屋汽车、出生公告、讣告、寂寞芳心寻求伴侣、家政服务,如此种种,不一而足,而且种类日益丰富。
广告的好处毋庸置疑。大公司迫切需要依赖广告使产品为消费者所知。这些公司对我国体育运动的发展起了非常重要的作用。没有它们的赞助,我们将无法举办国际体育赛事。绝大多数杂志和期刊也因为广告而得以生存。投放广告的个人或公司提供了杂志运营的必需资金。双方皆大欢喜。出版商得以维持生意,而广告者得以卖出产品。不过,有些杂志经过一段时间后似乎违背了它们的初衷,因为刊登的广告太多了。
对想要招聘工人的雇主而言,广告提供了招到工人的最有效的方法之一。除了使用广告,雇主还有什么别的方法让求职者知道有工作可找?通过在报纸上刊登广告,可以有效地到达全国范围,选择最佳的求职者。
对那些想要买卖房屋、汽车和其他东西的人来说也是如此。通过广告,他们可以联系到在日常生活中通常接触不到的人群。同样,可以选择最佳的买家或卖家,以最划算的价格成交。
总之,广告扩展了人们的选择和机会,不管是想买到东西还是卖掉东西都是如此。尽管广告好处多多,但有时也会被一些不择手段的人加以滥用。 误导公众是广告弊病最常见的形式。我们来看一些广告人所采用的骗人伎俩。
在一场国际体育赛事中,我们能看到某流行品牌香烟的标志无所不在。人人都知道吸烟对健康毫无好处,但这些做广告的人公然无视事实,仍然推销他们的产品,就连有关当局也对这一切熟视无睹。如今,广告商已经开始给他们广告加上伪装。他们不是直接推销香烟,而是拐弯抹角地推销时尚、优质生活和“成功”的其他表现形式。
广告的弊病在电视上体现得最为明显。整整十分钟的洗发水、发乳、零食、洗衣粉和香体喷雾的连番轰炸,有谁能安之若素地坐着忍受?实在是太过分了!更可恶的是,它们总是在节目最精彩的部分即将播映之前出现!它们不仅震惊我们的心理,还有条不紊地麻痹和摧残我们的头脑,直到我们对广告视而不见,对它们的聒噪听而不闻。如果广告商能减少广告数量,对广告持着审慎的态度,对所有的观众来说肯定是福音。目前的电视广告是基于硬性推销和对观众无休无止的侵袭。
再说,他们的广告内容有多少是以事实为基础的?使用某种牌子的洗发水真能去除头屑吗?以我的亲身经验,答案绝对是否定的。食用某些食品会让我们更健康吗?那为什么医院总是人满为患?使用某种牌子的皂粉真能让衣服更洁净吗?拥有某种型号的汽车真能让车主更幸福吗?如果我们不希望被广告忽悠的话,这些都是我们必须要问的问题。
因此,我们可以看出,广告不仅有积极作用,也可能有消极作用,全看怎么使用了。人们投放广告是由于需要使然,只有在他们推销虚假的东西和误导人的信息时才会出现弊病。我们不能逃避广告的狂轰滥炸,但我们可以用自己的智慧
剔除那些不良广告。
梦断魂萦
在纽约,美国花样滑冰队的18名成员踌躇满志地登上飞机。他们将飞往比利时的布鲁塞尔,在那儿转机,到(前)捷克斯洛伐克去参加在布拉格举办的世界花样滑冰锦标赛。站在比利时沙比那航空公司的707喷气机的舷梯上,全体成员合影留念。这批全美顶尖的滑冰运动员在照相机前笑脸盈盈,开心地笑着,眼睛里舞动着激动与兴奋。这将成为他们生命中珍贵的一刻。
机上有三对双人组合,其中两对是兄妹组合:希科克斯兄妹和哈德利兄妹,另一对是夫妻搭档,迪宁夫妇。但众星之中最耀眼的是一名单人滑选手。她叫劳伦斯・欧文,人称“劳利”。年仅16岁的她,两天前刚夺得北美花样滑冰女子冠军。劳利技巧娴熟,优雅无比,笑靥如花。
劳利出生于滑冰世家。母亲玛丽贝尔曾九次将美国花样滑冰冠军收入囊中。劳利还有一个姐姐,与母亲同名。玛丽贝尔・欧文20岁,实力不如劳利,但也刚刚获得美国双人滑大龄组的冠军。欧文家的三员女将都在飞往布鲁塞尔的航班上。 1961年2月14日下午7点30分,沙比那548号航班起飞了。飞越大西洋的航程是很惬意的。第二天一早,飞机飞临布鲁塞尔的机场,没有任何异常。驾驶飞机的路易斯・兰布莱奇机长,没有发出任何遇难信号。该地区没有暴风雨,也没有大风。事实上,天气很好,暖和而晴朗。
但驾驶员座舱肯定出了什么差错。在预定着陆的最后几分钟内,兰布莱奇机长没有与布鲁塞尔机场联系。快到上午十点时,他放下了起落架,开始着陆。但在最后一刻,他又把飞机机头拉起往上攀升。也许他看见另一架飞机正在起飞,害怕撞机。也许他已经知道他的飞机出了故障。不管怎么样,他绕着机场飞了一圈,再次尝试着陆。
兰布莱奇第二次出现了,飞过布鲁塞尔东北部的一个叫博格的村庄附近的农场,飞行了大约500英尺。突然他猛地提速,飞机急遽攀升。这时候,布鲁塞尔控制塔的官员们知道大事不妙了。“我们眼睁睁地看着惨剧发生,”有个官员说。“他们的反应够快的了,可是无能为力,”他说。
有个坐火车的人看见飞机出问题了。“飞机好像准备正常着陆,突然又攀升到天空,”他说。“然后掉了下来,像块大石头一样,接着我们就听见了爆炸声。”
10点05分,飞机撞到地面爆炸了,燃成了一团火球。还险些就撞上一排房子。机上72人全部遇难,其中包括49名美国人和11名机组人员。人们无能为力。失事现场一片狼藉。碎片散落到200码开外。烧焦的残骸以及肢体满地都是。机上的几对夫妇最后一次紧紧抱在一起。
这场空难震惊了全球滑冰界以及热爱花样滑冰的人们。滑冰界以前从来没有发生过类似的惨剧。为了纪念遇难者,布拉格的冠军赛取消了。
这次坠机对某些家庭尤其令人悲痛欲绝。欧文家三名女性全部丧生。除此之外,还有九个家庭至少痛失两名亲人。 明星们的希望和梦想在一瞬间破灭了。救援人员仔细搜寻了遇难现场,只找到三双已经烧焦的冰鞋,在残留的机翼上摇曳。
刹那之间
1989年5月1日,凯蒂・普里查德正在把商店里买来的一包包东西从汽车的行李箱里卸下来,她的两个儿子托德和斯科特在车道上玩得很开心。他们住在新泽西州的拉姆齐城的一个死胡同里,所以凯蒂不用担心孩子们会跑到街上被汽车撞倒。但她经常警告三岁的托德,不要靠近铁路。铁路离房子不足300英尺,只隔着一片树丛。
凯蒂把第一批东西放好,又返回汽车旁去取剩下的袋子,她看到两个孩子还在玩。凯蒂也听到了一列客车飞驰而过的轰隆声。然后她又抱着另外一批购物袋走进屋子里。
虽然母亲事先警告过,托德和1岁半的弟弟还是被飞速行进的火车的汽笛声所吸引。他们走过树丛,跪在铁轨上玩。另一列火车正朝他们驶过来,两个小男孩却浑然不知。
西面一个小坡上,一列19节车厢的货车正在慢慢地爬上斜坡。司机里奇・坎帕纳看见正前方的信号灯显示“无障碍”。特快客车已经开出很远了。因此坎帕拉拉动调速手柄重新全速行驶。同在驾驶室里的还有老乘务员安东尼・福尔佐,他在铁路上已经干了了,这时在与坎帕拉闲聊。当火车到达坡顶的时候,两人注意到在前方约800码前方的铁轨上有东西。是什么呢?好像是两个包袱或是两个箱子――一个黄的.一个红的。“然后黄的动了一下,”福尔佐说,“于是我们意识到这是两个孩子。”
坎帕纳猛地扳动火车刹车,拉响了警报器。福尔佐马上意识到火车速度太快,不可能适时停下来。他立刻冲出驾驶室,冲到窄窄的踏板上。他很快地朝机车的前部跑去,然后顺着钢梯爬到最后一格。他悬在火车的前面,离路基大约两英尺。他发狂般朝孩子们挥手大喊,要他们离开路轨。他们没有动。福尔佐后来说,他们只是抬头看了看,“好像我们能绕过他们似的。”
与此同时,凯蒂听到了警报声,也听到火车紧急刹车的刺耳声音。她往外跑去,心咚咚直跳。她一眼就看到出了什么事儿了。托德和斯科特不见了。她知道他们俩肯定在铁路上。
福尔佐想过跳下火车,跑到前面去救两个小男孩。但他知道,就算火车减速了,自己也肯定跑不过火车。所以这位35岁的前体操运动员想出了另外一个方案。他决定在火车靠近孩子们的时候跳下火车。这样他就可能把两个孩子抓起来,及时把他们拖下轨道。但福尔佐得把跳车的时间计算得很精确。跳得太早,火车就会把他掀倒到孩子们身上。跳得太晚,火车就会把孩子们碾到车轮底下。
所幸福尔佐的时间可算是相当精确。在千钧一发之际,他跳下火车,跨了两大步,一把抓住孩子们。他把托德和斯科特分别夹在腋下,又迅速将他们摁倒在路基的砂石里。火车经过时,其边缘离他们的头顶仅几英寸。
火车终于停下来了,第三节车厢就停在他们头顶上几英寸的地方。孩子们安然无恙。幸运的是,斯科特的擦伤并不严重。缝了13针之后,他就完全没事了。凯蒂・普里查德说,“对托尼(福尔佐)的救命之恩,我们将永远感激不尽。韦氏大字典里也找不到一个词能表达这种感情。”
给学子的忠告:教育很重要
路?”
每年都有数以百计的学生给我发电子邮件,要我就接受教育给他们提建议。他们想知 不一定只有在大学才能
获取信息,在图书馆也可以学习。但人家递给你一本书并不要向别人学习,提问题,将设想付诸实践,设法检验自己的两本书就可以做得到的。 道该 学些什么,或者可不可以从大学辍学,因为我就没有读完大学。
也有不少家长给我写信,为子女寻求指导。他们问:“我们怎样才能把孩子引向成功之能自动地让你学到东西。你需
我的基本忠告很简单,而且是发自内心的:全力获得最佳教育,充分利用高中和大学,能力。这一切,往往不是读一学会如何学习。
不错,为创建微软,我未完成大学学业,不过辍学之前我已经在哈佛待了三年,而且我真心希望有一天能重返校园。以前我也说过,谁也不应该辍学,除非他坚信自己正面临着一个一生仅有一次的机会,但就算在那个时候也还是应该深思熟虑。
在俄亥俄州教六年级的老师凯茜?克里德兰写道,“我的好几个学生声称你根本没有读完高中。因为你成功了,我的学生就觉得他们也可以不必接受良好的教育。”
我高中毕业了的!
计算机行业中确实有很多人没有读完大学,但是我从来没有见过有谁高中没读完就成功创业的。确切地说,我认识的人当中根本没有高中辍学的,更没有高中辍学后事业成功的。
我的公司创立早期,有一个相当出色的兼职程序员,声称要从高中辍学来做全职。我们叫他不要这么做。
我们公司里确实有好些人没有读完大学,但我们不希望人们辍学。谁要想在我们公司谋职,有毕业证书肯定会优先考虑。
接受的教育应该是广泛的,虽然对某些领域情有独钟也不失为一件好事。
读高中时,我有一段时间醉心于软件编写,但大部分时间里,我的学习兴趣相当广泛。我父母鼓励我这么做,对此我感激不尽。
大学期间,我修了很多不同的课程,但我从头至尾只选修了一门计算机课。我读书涉猎很广。
有位家长写信说,她15岁的儿子“钻进计算机这个洞里了”。他的网站设计课得了“A”,但别的科目分数都在下降,她写道。
这个男孩犯了一个错误。高中和 大学给你提供了最佳机会,你可以广泛学习――数学,历史,各种学科――有机会跟着别的孩子一起做项目,亲身感受到群体的动力。你对计算机、舞蹈、语言或其他任何的科目有深入的兴趣也无可厚非,但太偏执而危及学习广度就不是一件好事了。
如果高中阶段兴趣过于
集中,你会面临两个问题。第一个就是进了大学以后你很可能没法改变。另一个问题就是如果分数不够高,你就很难考入大学,而无法跟那些积极性很高,很有才华的学生一起学习,他们可以真正帮助你了解这个世界。
大学期间可以考虑专业的问题。深入掌握自己感兴趣领域的专业知识,能够引导你走向成功,除非这个专业没有发展前途,或者你并不很擅长这个方面。读研究生是获取专业知识的一个途径,虽然从纯经济角度来看,大学教育时间过长不一定算是明智的投资。
克里斯托弗・里夫 ― 真正的超人
他“比飞速前行的子弹还快,比火车头更有力,轻轻一跃就能跳上高大的建筑物。”他就是全世界最伟大的超级英
克里斯托弗要证明医生们错了。首先,他想靠自己呼吸。事故过后5个月,他要求拿掉呼吸器。他只勉强地呼吸了10次就得重新连上呼吸管。克里斯托弗毫不气馁,第2天又多
雄。1977年,克里斯托弗・里夫出演超人系列电影,全国观呼吸了几次。到第4天的时候,他不用帮助可以呼吸7分钟众欢呼喝彩。克里斯托弗活跃、英俊、强壮,一如影片中的了。3个月以后,他可以一次持续呼吸90分钟。1995年底,超人,而且似乎战无不胜。他滑雪、驾船、驾驶飞机、潜水、他已经可以回家了。 骑马、打网球,无一不是技艺高超,挥洒自如。谁也无法想 象克里斯托弗会是另外一种样子。
在那以后不久,克里斯托弗觉得自己已经做好准备,可以重新面对世界了。他有话要说。他想告诉人们,不论面对
1995年5月27日,一切都改变了。当时克里斯托弗和怎样的挑战,都不能放弃。他开始频频在公众场合出现,在妻子达纳・莫罗西尼带着年幼的儿子威尔待在弗吉尼亚州。
多伦多作过激扬的演说,在波士顿大学毕业典礼上进行过讲
他参加了一项为期三天的马术比赛。他的坐骑“东方快车”看演。不论克里斯托弗出现在哪里,人们都起立喝彩,很多人上去状态颇佳。42岁的克里斯托弗也显得同样神采奕奕,气定神闲。
甚至泪流满面。
克里斯托弗同样也重新开始了工作。很显然,他不可能再去扮演以前的角色了,于是转
对克里斯托弗而言,比赛进行得很顺利,虽没有名列前而执导。他的处女作影片《暮色如斯》证明创作灵感并没有茅,但也没有落到最后。但在一场两英里的障碍赛中,第三离他而去。 次跨越障碍时,马和骑手之间不知怎么失去了默契。“东方快车”突然停了下来,可是克里斯托弗还在继续前行,他身
虽然克里斯托弗很坚强,但也还是有不顺心的时候。事
子飞过马的头顶,头部着地摔了下来:一动不动,甚至没有故后的一年里,他面临着血栓问题,后来又得了肺炎。有一呼吸。
天做理疗时,他摔在地上,折断了一条胳膊。
克里斯托弗颅腔底部的脊柱折断了,导致颈部以下瘫痪。他不能说话,甚至无法自主呼吸。当时医生们认为他的生存几率只有50%。
绝望攫住了克里斯托弗・里夫的心。他想,也许放弃生存的努力是最佳的方案。死亡似乎是最不费劲、痛苦最少的一件事。他想放弃生存对家人而言也是最佳方案。但这时他看见妻子达纳站在他身边,对他说:“你依然是你。我爱你。”
从那一刻开始,克里斯托弗一心只想着活下去。他鼓起勇气,开始为生命而战斗。几天以后,克里斯托弗接受了手术,术后他的上半身恢复了一些知觉。不过,医生们仍然不乐观。他可能永远不能再走路了。他也许永远就只能靠着呼吸器来呼吸了。
每天他都要英语课文翻译与自身现实做斗争。“早晨,我需要20分钟去哭泣,”他对一个记者说。在梦中和儿子奔跑玩耍,梦醒之后他需要20分钟来“清醒和调整……”。
但擦干眼泪后,克里斯托弗总会悄声说:“好了,前进!”这些话证明,尽管他无法控制自己的身体,但仍拥有他的勇气,他的精神,他的内在力量。在这个意义上,他依旧是―也将永远是―超人!
篇7:英语课文及翻译
第一单元
第三段 成名者之所以成名,大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长,并能形成自己的风格。
为了能迅速走红,代理人会极力吹捧他们这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。
他们究竟是怎么成功的,大多数人也都说不上来。
尽管如此,艺术家仍然不能闲下来。
若表演者、画家或作家感到无聊,他们的作品就难以继续保持以前的吸引力,也就难以保持公众的注意力。
公众的热情消磨以后,就会去追捧下一个走红的人。
有些艺术家为了不落伍,会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加变动,但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。
公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格以外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。
第九段
对那些孤注一掷的追名逐利之徒,我要说:祝你们好运。
但是,遗憾的是,你会发现这不是你想得到的。
狗自逐其尾所得到的只是一条尾巴而已。
获得成功的人常常发现成功对他来说弊大于利。
所以要为真实的你、为自己的所为感到高兴,而不是拼命去获得成功。
做那些你为之感到骄傲的事情。
可能在有生之年你默默无闻,但你可能创作了更好的艺术。
第二单元
第四段
事实上,当卓别林再也无法抵制有声电影,不得不为他的“流浪汉”寻找“合适的声音”时,他确实很头疼。
他尽可能地推迟那一天的到来:在 1936 的《摩登时代》里,他第一次在影片里发声唱歌。在片中,他扮演一名侍者,满口胡言乱语,听起来不像任何国家的语言。
后来他说,他想象中的“流浪汉”是一位受过大学教育,但已经没落的绅士。
但假如他在早期那些短小的喜剧电影中能操一口受教育人的口音,那么他是否会闻名世界就难说了,
而英国人也肯定会觉得这很“古怪”。没有人知道卓别林这么干是不是有意的,但这促使他获得了巨大的成功。
第四单元
第四段 然而毋庸争辩,通信技术将是区分输赢的关键因素。
看一看俄罗斯的情况吧。
由于其坚实的数学和科学教育基础,它应该在信息时代有繁荣的发展。
问题是,它的国内电话系统是一堆生锈的20世纪30年代的老古董。
为了解决这一问题,俄罗斯已经开始铺设光纤电缆,并制定了投入400亿美元建设多项通信工程的战略计划。
但是由于其经济陷于低迷,几乎没有资金来着手解决最基本的问题。
第五段
与俄罗斯相比,在未来中,中国大陆计划对通信设备投入1,000亿美元。
从某种意义上说,中国的落后成了一种有利因素,因为这一发展正好发生在新技术比铜线电缆系统更便宜的时候。
到1995年底,中国除了拉萨以外的省会都将有数字转换器和高容量的光纤网,
这意味着其主要城市正在具备必需的基础设施,成为信息高速公路的主要部分,使人们能够进入系统,获得最先进的服务。
第六单元
第三段
高尚的道德标准说起来容易,但实际上人们在这种情况下究竟会怎么做呢?
早些时候,一家英国汽车制造商被指控利用一笔基金行贿,并进行其他一些可疑运作,如给代理商和客户高额回扣、提供额外折扣、向一些在瑞士银行开的匿名账户汇款等。
这家汽车公司否认了这些指控,后来指控也被撤销了。
然而,当时英国汽车业里就有人准备私下里说:“瞧,我们这一行竞争激烈,
每年我们汽车的海外销售额超过10亿英镑。
如果花几百万英镑能让一些客户高兴,谁会有损失呢?
我们不这样干,别人也会这样干的.。
第八单元
第五段
身边总有人提醒我自己是奴隶的后代,
但这并没有使我沮丧。
奴隶制是60年前的事了。
解放黑奴的这场手术很成功,病人的情况也不错,谢谢。
这场使我从黑奴变为美国公民的可怕战争喊道“各就位!”
内战后的那段时期说“预备!”我的上一代人则喊“跑!”
就像一场赛跑一样,我飞速起跑,决不可中途停步,伤心回望。
身为黑奴是我为文明生活所付出的代价,而作出这一选择的并不是我。
世界上再没有什么人有过比这更大的争取荣耀的机会了。
想想将要获得的新生活,而且我们不会有任何损失。不管我做什么,都可能得到双倍的嘉奖,或是双份的责难。想想这一点,知道这一点都令人激动不已。
占据国内舞台的中心可真刺激,而台下的观众则不知是喜是忧。
第十单元
第三段
《时代周刊》最近的封面故事列举了目前关于智能的一些看法,报道说:“新的人脑研究表明,衡量人的智能的真正尺度可能是情感,而不是智商。”
《时代周刊》称之为“情商”的英语课文及翻译情感智能的根本意义可从企业管理专家卡伦?波尔斯顿的话中窥见一斑:“顾客对企业说?我可不在乎是否你的每个员工都毕业于哈佛,我只愿意与能理解我、尊重我的企业打交道。?”
第八段
综合考虑他人的看法。
大脑研究表明,人们对外界的看法受到遗传基因及个人经历的局限。
学会吸纳他人有用的观点是一种扩大自己见识的方式。
下次如果有人对某件事与你有不同的看法,比如对某个有争议的政治事件,停下来想想这其实是生活阅历使然,应把它看作一种感知能力的馈赠。
篇8:高二英语人教版选修8知识点
60道最难英语词汇题
1. We can't ___ one to change the habits of a lifetime in a short time.
A. hope
B. wait
C. expect
D. imagine
2. The noise was so ____ that only those with excellent hearing were aware of it.
A. dim
B. soft
C. faint
D. gentle
3. His landlady gave him a week's ___ to leave the flat.
A. threat
B. notice
C. advice
D. caution
4. Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, ___ at the other store.
A. anyone
B. the others
C. that
D. the ones
5. When I took his temperature, it was two degrees above ___.
A. average
B. ordinary
C. regular
D. normal
6. It is clear that the whole world is passing through a social revolution in which a central_____ must be taken by scientists and technologists.
A. process
B. attention
C. measure
D. part
7. These plastic flowers look so ___ that many people think they are real.
A. beautiful
B. natural
C. artificial
D. similar
8. When I worked as the general manager of the firm, I sometimes had ___ to visit London on business.
A. opportunity
B. possibility
C. occasion
D. chance
9. The most important ___ of his speech was that we should all work whole-heartedly for the people.
A. element
B. spot
C. sense
D. point
10. It has always been the ___ of our firm to encourage workers to take part in social activities.
A. plan
B. campaign
C. procedure
D. policy
11. I remember her face but I cannot___ where I met her.
A. recall
B. remind
C. remember
D. remark
12. He has left his book here on___, so that you can read it.
A. purpose
B. intention
C. aim
D. meaning
13. The open university was started in order to help those who ___ having a university education when they were young. A. stopped
B. failed
C. missed
D. ceased
14. We won't know whether it will be successful. We won't know whether there will be good ___.
A. ends
B. results
C. effects
D. causes
15. Comrade Li Dazhao,___ librarian of Beijing University, was one of the founders of the Chinese Communist Party.
A. sometimes
B. sometime
C. some time
D. some times
16.The patients believe that the doctor knows exactly how to put them ___.
A. correct
B. perfect
C. right
D. well
17. And you find that you're not to be ___ with a position of real responsibility.
A. offered
B. trusted
C. furnished
D. retained
18. She got married although her parents had not given her their ___.
A. allowance
B. consent
C. permit
D. appreciation
19. At first Bob was puzzled by Virginia s waving, but then it __ his mind that she was trying to tell him something.
A. crossed
B. passed
C. occurred
D. opened
20. When college students ___ future employment, they often think of status, income, and prestige.
A. demand
B. assume
C. apply
D. anticipate
21.Alice ___her father that both she and her husband would be happy if he would live with them.
A. convinced
B. reinforced
C. pledged
D. required
22. I caught a___ of the car before it disappeared around the bend.
A. glance
B. glimpse
C. glare
D. stare
23. The car salesman took the customer for a driver in the new model in order to ___ its improved features.
A. advocate
B. demonstrate
C. exhibit
D. reveal
24. After dinner the minister made a short ___ to the guests.
A. delivery
B. pronunciation
C. conversation
D. speech
25. The old man got into the ___ of storing money under the bed.
A. tradition
B. habit
C. use
D. custom
26. One-room schoolhouses can still be found in ___ areas where there are no other schools for many miles.
A. disposed
B. deserted
C. isolated
D. abandoned
27. It's bad ____ for a man to smoke in the public places where smoking is not allowed.
A. behavior
B. action
C. manner
D. movement
28. Before the final examination, many students have shown ___ of tension. Some have trouble in sleeping while others have lost their appetite.
A. anxiety
B. marks
C. signs
D. remarks
29. When you do exercises, your heart works better. It is able to____ more blood while beating more slowly.
A. produce
B. pump
C. increase
D. bump
30.—Yangyang carried off the first winter Olympic ___ medal for China.
—Great! What ____ she won for our motherland!
A. golden/ honor
B. gold/ honor
C. golden/ honors
D. gold/ honors
31. The problem is not ____ so easy as you think. It's far from being settled.
A. hardly
B. almost
C. nearly
D. scarcely
32.I'll____ him off this time but next time he'll be punished.
A. leave
B. let
C. put
D. set
33. — Who on earth could it be?
— It was ____ other than Peter.
A. none
B. nothing
C. not
D. nobody
34. In the of proof , the police could not take action against the man .
A. lack
B. shortage
C. absence
D. failure
35. He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ____ was seen at its best when he worked with others.
A. temper
B. appearance
C. talent
D. character
36. Nowadays sending e-mails to each other is a way many a student ____ what they think.
A. conveys
B. delivers
C. express
D. account
37. —How do you ____ to her unkindly behavior?
—Only silence.
Which of the following is wrong?
A. react
B. answer
C. reply
D. respond
38. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr. and Mrs. Brown without hurting the feeling of ___, but failed .
A. none
B. either
C. both
D. neither
39. Does this car give you good ___for your money ?
A. value
B. price
C. worth
D. cost
40. —Where Chongqing do you decide to build the factory ?
—Nobody our manager knows.
A. except/ besides
B. but/ besides
C. but/ but
D. except/ besides
41. It seemed that Ivy was in no____ this evening to listen to my jokes.
A. mind
B. mood
C. feeling
D. emotion
42. Sensible people don't think it is___ to buy things which are not needed even at a low price.
A. worth
B. worthy
C. wothless
D. worthwhile
43.When you arrive at the hotel, you'll____ notice the friendly staff, who will make your holiday a wonderful dream.
A. sensitively
B. scarcely
C. immediately
D. obviously
44.As they haven't a child of their own, they're going to ____ a little girl.
A. accept
B. receive
C. adapt
D. adopt
45. After careful research, it was decided that the spaceship should reenter the Earth's____.
A. surface
B. air
C. environment
D. atmosphere
46. David paused to consult his notes, then___ with his speech.
A. proceeded
B. pursed
C. pronounced
D. proposed
47.That way of living is___ to people in this small part of the country.
A. specific
B. available
C. peculiar
D. particular
48. The headmaster is to give a formal___ at the annual ceremony.
A. address
B. argument
C. debate
D. remark
49. He had a talent for music and was___ conductor of Shanghai Symphony Orchestra at the age of 30.
A. assigned
B. appointed
C. named
D. honored
50. Psychologists say that___ our emotions will make us feel better and there is nothing to be ashamed of.
A. relieving
B. relaxing
C. releasing
D. removing
51. After many years' waiting, Chinese people____ realized their dream to hold the Olympic Games.
A. constantly
B. eventually
C. lastly
D. generally
52. Such noble deeds of the doctors and nurses can't be only____ with money.
A. rewarded
B. awarded
C. praised
D. valued
53. Shanghai is so full of____, it seems as if things never stop.
A. strength
B. spirit
C. force
D. energy
54. My knowledge of Hong Kong came only from some movies: a____ of criminals are pursued by the police in the narrow streets and then they have a fight.
A. group
B. team
C. class
D. gang
55. When we finally arrived, a lady gave us a ____ introduction of the university.
A. clear
B. brief
C. main
D. abstract
56. A(n)____ is a person who understand people's characters.
A. photographer
B. psychologist
C. physician
D. physicist
57. If you build a house with good____ , it will last long.
A. foundation
B. floor
C. basis
D. ground
58. Although I had read the book assigned by the professor several times, it didn't make any__ to me.
A. meaning
B. importance
C. sense
D. significance
59. Burning all the lights in the classroom will be a great___ on electric power.
A. waste
B. lack
C. drain
D. damage
60. As civilization____, more and more people have realized the importance of preserving rare animals from extinction.
A. stretches
B. spreads
C. extends
D. expands
答案:
1-5 CCBDD 6-10 DBCDD
11-15 AACBB 16-20 CBBAD
21-25 ABBDB 26-30 CAABB
31-35 CBACD 36-40 ABBAC
41-45 BDCDD 46-50 ACABC
51-55 BADDB 56-60 BACCB
篇9:高二英语人教版选修8知识点
高二英语人教版选修8
Unit 1 A land of diversity
原文+翻译
CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚
California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。 It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。 The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。 This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史,你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。
NATIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清楚。 However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而,可能至少在一15,0以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。 In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. 欧洲人在16世纪到来这里之后,土著人遭受了极大的苦难。 Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 成千上万人被杀或被迫成为奴隶。In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. 另外, 欧洲人带来的疾病,使许多人染病而死。 However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state. 不过,还是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
THE SPANISH西班牙人
In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. 在18世纪的时候,加利福尼亚是被西班牙统治的。 Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought against the native people and took their land. 西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的,他们同土著人打仗,夺去了他们的土地。Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. 两个世纪以后, 西班牙人在南美洲大部分地区定居下来,而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加利福尼亚州的西班牙人中,大部分是宗教人士,他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. 18,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立。 California then became part of Mexico.加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. 1846年美国向墨西哥宣战,美国赢得战争胜利后,墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. 但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙文化的影响。That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
RUSSIANS俄罗斯人
In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. 在19世纪初期,一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。 Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.今天,住在旧金山及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人大约25,000人。
GOLD MINERS金矿工
In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California. 1848年,美墨战争后不久,在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。 The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. 发财梦很快就吸引了来自世界各地的人。The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. 距离最近因而来的最早的是南美洲人和美国人, Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. 随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。 In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. 事实上, 很少有人圆了发财梦。Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. 许多人死了或回家了,但是尽管条件十分艰苦,大多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生,在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。 By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。
LATER A RRIVALS后来的移民
Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 虽然中国移民在淘金热期间就开始来到(美国),但是更大批量的中国移民却是在十九世纪六十年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco. 今天,加利福尼亚州各地都有美藉华人居住,尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和旧金山的“中国城”里。Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. 十九世纪后期,其他国家的移民,比如意大利人来到加利福尼亚,他们主要是渔民,也有些酿酒工人。 In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 19丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇,至今仍保留着丹麦文化。 By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood, California. 到了二十世纪二十年代,电影产业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞建立了起来。 The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. 这个行业吸引了许多欧洲人包括许多犹太人。Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States. 今天,加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. 日本的农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的,而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。 People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. 非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来,他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. 然而更多的非洲人在1942年到1945年之间来到加利福尼亚的,当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作的。
MOST RECENT ARRIVALS最近期的移民
In more recent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. 在最近几十年里,加利福尼亚成了亚洲人的家,包括柬埔寨人、朝鲜人、越南人和老挝人。 Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. 从20世纪70年代开始发展计算机工业以来,加利福尼亚又吸引了印度人和巴勒斯坦人的到来。
THE FUTURE未来展望
People from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California世界各地的人,由于受气候条件和生活方式的吸引,仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为, 要不了多久,多种国籍的混合将会非常之大,以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体,而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。
重要单词
1.means. n. 手段;方法
2.slavery. n. 受奴役的状态;奴隶制
3.majority. n. 大多数;大半
4.immigration. n. 移居入境;移民
5.percentage. n. 百分比;百分率
6.aircraft. n. 飞行器;航空器;飞机
7.mix. vt. 混合;拌和 n. 混合;结合
8.mixture. n. 混合;混合状态;混合物
9.nationality. n. 国籍;民族
10.racial. adj. 人族的;种族的
11.applicant. n. 申请人
12.socialist. n. 社会主义者;社会党人 adj. 社会主义的
13.occur. vi. 发生;出现
14.central. adj. 中心的;中央的;主要的
15.indicate. vt. 指出;标示;表明;暗示
16.swap. vi&vt. 交换
17.apparent. adj. 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的
18.apparently. adv. 显然地;显而易见的
19.slip. vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤 n. 滑动;滑倒
20.ferry. n. 渡船;渡口 vt. 摆渡;渡运
21.hire. vt&n. 租用;雇佣
22.insert. vt. 插入;嵌入
23.react. vi. 作出反应;回应
重要短语
1.by means of 用……方法;借助……
2.in addition 而且
3.declare war on ……向……宣战
4.take in 包括;吸收
5.a great/good many 许多,很多
6.at various times 在不同时代
7. make a life (for sb.)习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;谋生
8. keep up 保持;继续
9.ger/have a good view of 好好欣赏……
10.team up with 与……合作或一起工作
11.mark out 划线;标出……界线
Unit 2 Cloning
原文+翻译
CLONING:WHERE IS IT LEADING US?克隆:它将把我们引向何方?
Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. 克隆一直与我们同在,而且它还要持续下去。It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. 这是一种用来生产与原型完全相同的动植物的方法。 It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. 当园艺师从生长着的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时,就会产生这种现象。 It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are produced from the same original egg. 这种现象也发生在动物身上,从同一个原生卵子产生性别和相貌相同的双胞胎也是克隆。The fact is that these are both examples of natural clones.实际上,这些都是自然克隆现象。
Cloning has two major uses. 克隆技术有两大用途。 Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants. 第一,园艺师一直用它生产大量的供商用的植物; Secondly, it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. 第二,它在对新植物物种的研究以及在对动物的医学研究方面都是很有价值的。 Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is very complicated. It is a difficult task to undertake.克隆植物简单,但克隆动物就比较复杂了,是一项很难完成的任务。Many attempts to clone mammals failed. 克隆哺乳动物的多次尝试都失败了。 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough- the cloning of Dolly the sheep. 但是,科学家的决心和耐心最终得到了回报,这就是具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的诞生。The procedure works like this:它的程序如下图(略)所示:
1.母羊(甲)提供一个卵细胞。
2.在卵细胞中取出细胞核。
3.卵细胞准备接受新的细胞核。
4.母羊(乙)提供一个供克隆的躯干细胞,该细胞应包含有生产一头新羊所需要的全部基因。
5.取出该细胞的细胞核。
6.用电把母羊(乙)的躯干细胞核和母羊(甲)的卵细胞连接起来。
7.细胞分裂并生长成胚胎。
8.把胚胎置入另外一头寄生的母羊(丙)体内,母羊(丙)就是克隆羊的代孕。
9.这头小羔羊就是母羊(乙)所提供的细胞核克隆而成的。
On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly the sheep. 一方面整个科学界都在关注着首例成功的克隆动物多莉羊的成长。 The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging. 多莉看来是在正常地成长着,这很令人鼓舞。Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal. 研究看来的科学家发现多莉得的病更容易发生在年老的羊身上,这让他们很沮丧。 Altogether Dolly lived six and a half years, half the length of the life of the original sheep. 可悲的是,多莉只活了六年半,这是它的原型羊寿命的一半。 Sadly the same arbitrary fate affected other species, such as cloned mice. 可悲的是,同样无法控制的命运也在影响着其他物种,如克隆鼠。The questions that concerned all scientists were: “Would this be a major difficulty for all cloned animals? 科学家们的脑海里产生的问题是“这是不是所有克隆动物的一个主要困难呢?Would it happen forever? Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure?” 这种现象会不会永远发生?如果改进研究程序,问题会不会解决呢?”
On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. 另一方面,多莉羊的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对,对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。 It became controversial. It suddenly opened everybody's eyes to the possibility of using cloning to cure serious illnesses and even to produce human beings. 它引起了争议,因为它突破打开了人们的眼界,看到了有可能利用克隆技术来治疗重病,甚至还有可能克隆出人类。
Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult to obtain, newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves to attain their ambitions. 尽管目前供克隆研究的人类卵细胞很难获得,报纸报道说,有些邪恶头目希望把自己克隆出来以实现他们的野心。Religious leaders also raised moral questions. 宗教领袖还提出了道德方面的问题。 Governments became nervous and more conservative. 各国政府惶恐不安而且更加谨慎。Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning, but other countries like China and the UK, continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. 有些政府开始改革司法制度,明令禁止进行克隆人类的研究,但是其他国家,如中国和英国,则仍然在继续收集克隆技术有可能提供丰富的医疗救助的证据。 However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.然而科学家们仍对克隆技术有助于人类还是有害于人类,以及克隆技术将把我们引向哪里感到困惑。
重要单词
1. differ vi. 不同:相异
2. exact adj. 准确的,精确的:精密的
3. commercial adj.商业的:贸易的
4. straightforward adj. 简单的:直接的:坦率的
5. undertake vt.着手:从事:承担
6. breakthough n.突破
7. disturbing adj. 烦扰的
8. arbitrary adj. 任意的
9. altogether adv.总共:完全地
10. object vi. 不赞成:反对
11. moral adj.道德上的:伦理的
12. forbid vt.禁止:不准
13. accumulate vt.积累:聚积
14. shortly adv.立刻:不久
15. bother v./n.打扰:操心/烦扰
16. assumption n.假定:设想
17. regulation n. 规则:规章:法规
18. extinct adj. 灭绝的:绝种的
19. resist vt.抵抗:对抗
20. merely adv. 仅:只:不过
21. decoration n.装饰
22. unable adj. 不能的:不会的
23. argument n. 论据:论点:争论
24. obtain vt. 获得:得到
25. identical adj.同一的:一模一样的
重要短语
1. (sb. be) cast down (by) 使沮丧
2. object to sth./sb. 不赞成,反对
object to doing sth. 反对某人干某事
have no objection to sb. doing sth. 不反对某人干某事
3. in favor of 赞成,同意,支持,看中,选中
in sb.’s favor 对某人有利的(地)
do sb. a favor 帮某人忙
4. (be) bound to (do) 一定,注定(做)。。。
5. from time to time 不时,偶尔
6. bring back to life 使复生
7. pay off (无被动)得到好结果,取得成功,奏效,偿清,付清
pay a visit to 拜访,访问
pay attention to 注意
pay for 为。。。付款,为。。。付出代价
8. have an impact on 对。。。有影响
9. pass on …to 将。。。传给。。。
10. take turns to do sth. 轮流干某事
11. experiment with 进行。。。的试验
12. give birth to 生,使诞生
13. look back on 回顾
14. differ from 不同于,和。。。不同,和。。。意见不一致
differ in 在。。方面不同
differ with 与某人意见不同
be different from 与。。。不同,有区别
make a difference 产生差别,起重要作用
make no difference 不起作用
tell the difference between A and B 分辨出A与B的不同,区分A与B
15. undertake sth. 承担某事
16. forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止某事/干某事
forbid sb. to do sth 不准某人干某事.
forbid sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人干某事
forbidden 禁止的,不准的
17. bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或烦扰某人
the thing that bothers sb. is …让某人感到不安的是…
bothersome 引起麻烦的,困扰人的
18. resist doing sth. 反对做某事
resist the temptation 抵抗诱惑
19. be bound to do/be 一定,注定
20. find/think/make + it + adj. for sb. to do 发现/思考/让某人做…
find sb./sth. done/doing 发现某人/某物怎么样
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
原文+翻译
THE PROBLEM OF THE SHRIKES蛇的困扰
When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候,她感到很心烦。 “There are some snakes in our courtyard,” she told me. “我们院子里有几条蛇,”她告诉我说, “Snakes come near the house now and then, and they seem to have made their home here, not far from the walnut tree. Can you get rid of them please?” “蛇时不时地爬到屋子边上来。可这几条蛇似乎是在屋子附近离胡桃树不远的地方安家了。你能不能把它们赶走?” I felt very proud. 我感到很自豪, Here was a chance for .me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明某种仁慈的东西。既可以把蛇捉住,而又不会伤害它们。 I knew my parents would not like me to hurt these living creatures!我知道我的父母亲是不会让我伤害这些生物的。
The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me, but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes. 我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我。但是,看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉。 A new approach was clearly needed. 很明显,我得找一种新的方法了。 I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them. 于是我就着手研究蛇的习性,以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们。Luckily these reptiles are small and that made the solution easier. 好在这些爬行动物都很小,问题比较容易解决。
Prepared with some research findings, I decided on three possible approaches: 经过一番研究准备之后,我决定采用三种可能的方法: firstly, removing their habitat; 第一,铲除蛇的栖息地;secondly, attracting them into a trap using male or female perfume or food; 第二,用男人或女人用的香水或食物把它们引进陷阱; and thirdly cooling them so that they would become sleepy and could be easily caught. 第三,降低它们的体温,使它们困乏,这样就容易把它们捉住。 I decided to use the last one. 我决定采用最后一种方法。 I bought an ice-cream maker which was made of stainless steel. Between the outside and the inside walls of the bowl there is some jelly, which freezes when cooled. 我买了一个制冰淇淋的不锈钢碗,在碗的内壁和外壁之间有些胶状物,冷却后会冻结。 I put the bowl into the fridge and waited for 24 hours. 我把这个碗放进冰箱,冷冻了24小时。At the same time I prepared some ice-cubes.与此同时,我还准备了一些冰块儿。
The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot. 第二天早晨太阳光还不太热,我就早早起床了。I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes' habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl to keep it cool. 我把冰冻的碗放在蛇窝的上方,再把小冰块放在碗上,以使碗保持冷却状态。 Finally I covered the whole thing with a large bucket. 最后再用一个大桶把碗罩住。于是我就等着。Then I waited. After two hours I removed the bucket and the bowl. 过了两个小时我才把桶和碗一起拿开。 The snakes were less active but they were still too fast for me. 蛇不像以前那么活跃了。 They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall. 但是对于我来说,它们行动还是太快了,突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。 So I had to adjust my plan.于是我只得调整我的计划。
For the second attempt I froze the bowl and the ice-cubes again but placed them over the snakes' habitat in the evening, as the temperature was starting to cool.第二次试验我用的还是冰冻的碗和冰块儿,但是这次我是在夜晚气温开始变凉的时候把它们放在蛇窝的上方, Then as before, I covered the bowl with the bucket and left everything overnight. 然后用桶把碗罩住,通宵放在那儿。 Early the next morning I returned to see the result. 第二天一早我就去看结果。This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy. 这一次我蹲下去检查的时候,发现蛇都是睡意浓浓的。 But once picked up, they tried to bite me. 但是一把它们提起来,它们就要咬我。 As they were poisonous snakes, I clearly needed to improve my design again.因为它们都是毒蛇,所以很显然我还得改进我的捕蛇方案。
My third attempt repeated the second procedure. 第三次试验重复了第二次的程序,The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish. This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again. 第二天早晨我的手里拿了一个捕鱼的小网,这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。But monitored carefully, the snakes proved to be no trouble and all went according to plan. 经过仔细的监视,证明这些蛇不会惹麻烦,一切都按计划进行着。I collected the passive snakes and the next day we merrily released them all back into the wild.我把这些温顺的蛇收集起来,第二天就把他们全部释放到野外了。
Pressed by my friends and relations, I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office. 由于朋友和亲戚的敦促,我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去,请他们对我这次成功的思路给予认可。 Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor. 只有你得到这种承认,你才可以说是一个真正的发明家。The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel. (评定)专利标准非常严格,除非新的想法真是新颖的,否则很难被接受。In addition, no invention will get a patent if it is:此外,你的想法如果属于下列情况,那么你也不可能得到专利:
◎a discovery一种发现
◎a scientific idea or mathematical model一种科学理论或数学模式
◎literature or art文学或艺术
◎a game or a business一场游戏或一笔交易
◎a computer programme一个电脑程序
◎a new animal or plant variety一种新的动植物物种
Nor will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's. 你的产品要经过仔细调查,证明它确实与众不同的,你才能获得专利。 There are a large number of patent examiners, too, whose only job is to examine whether your claim is valid or not. 专利局还有一大批审查人员,他们的唯一职责就是审查你的专利申请是否有效。 If it passes all the tests, your application for a patent will be published 18 months from the date you apply. 如果通过了所有这些审查,你申请的专利就会在你提出申请的18个月之后公布出来。 So I have filled in the form and filed my patent application with the Patent Office. 于是,我填了表,向专利局提交了申请书。 Now it's a matter of waiting and hoping. 现在就是等待和期盼了。 You'll know if I succeed by the size of my bank balance! 将来你看看我的银行结余金额就会知道我是否成功了。 Wish me luck!祝我好运吧!
重要单词
1. discovery n. 发现;发觉
2. patent n.专利证书;专利发明
3. distinguish vi&vt显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别
4. product n. 产品
5. powder n.粉末;火药
6. abrupt adj.突然的;意外的
7. convenient adj.便利的;方便的
8. expectation n.预料;期望
9. monitor vt. n.监控;班长;监听器;监视器
10.passive adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的
11. valid adj.有效的;确凿的
12.application n.申请;请求;实施
13.file n.文件;档案;文件夹,把……归档;提交
14.Bear vt.忍受;忍耐;负担
15.jam n.堵塞;阻塞;果酱
16.mess n.脏乱的状态;杂乱
17.dot n. vt.点;小圆点,以小圆点标出;分散
18.tap vt. n.轻打;轻拍;轻敲,轻轻地敲击;龙头
19.wire n.金属丝;电线
20.current n. /adj.电流;现在的;当前的
21.importance n.重要性
22.stable adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的
23.practical adj.实际的;实践的;实用的
24.court n.法庭;法院;朝廷
25.version n. 版本;译本
重要短语
1. now and then 偶尔;有时
2. get rid of 除去;除掉
3. set about 开始;着手
4. in case (以防)万一
5. set out to do 开始(做)
6. be aware of 意识到
7. in truth 的确;事实上
8. out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障
9. get through 设法联系上;做完,通过
10. ring back 回复电话
11. call up 给……打电话
12. dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入
13. hang on 不挂断;紧紧握住;稍等
14. ring off 挂断电话
Unit 4 Pygmalion
原文+翻译
PYGMALION皮格马利翁
MAIN CHARACTERS: 主要人物:
Eliza Doolittle (E): a poor flower girl who is ambitious to improve herself
Professor Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person's English decides his/her position in society
Colonel Pickering (CP): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins' who sets him a task
伊莱扎·杜立特尔(伊):穷苦的卖花姑娘,立志要改善自己的生活
希金斯教授(希):语言学专家,坚信一个人的英语水平决定这个人的社会地位
皮克林上校(皮):陆军军官,后来成了希金斯教授的朋友。希金斯还给上校安排了一项任务
Act One FATEFUL MEETINGS第一幕 决定性的会面
11 :15 pm in London, England in 1914 outside a theatre. 19某日晚上11点15分,在英国伦敦某剧场外。 It is pouring with rain and cab whistles are blowing in all directions. 下着倾盆大雨,四处响着出租车的鸣笛声。A man is hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions. 有一位男士在躲雨,边听人们谈话,边观察着人们的反应。While watching, he makes notes. 一边观察,一边做记录。Nearby a flower girl wearing dark garments and a woollen scarf is also sheltering from the rain. 附近有一个卖花姑娘也在躲雨。A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.这时有位先生(先)从这儿路过,他迟疑了片刻。
E: Come over’ere, cap’in, and buy me flowers off a poor girl.
伊:长官,过这边来呀,买我这个苦命孩子一束花把!
G: I'm sorry but I haven't any change.
先:对不起,我没有零钱。
E: I can giv’ou change, cap’in.
伊:长官,我可以给你找零钱呀。
G: (surprised) For a pound? I'm afraid I've got nothing less.
先:(惊奇地)一个英镑你找得开吗?没有再小的钱了。
E: (hopefully) Oah! Oh, do buy a flower off me, Captain. Take this for three pence. (holds up some dead flowers)
伊:(带有希望的神色)啊!好啦,买一束吧。拿这一束,只要三个便士。(举起一束已经枯萎的花)
G: (uncomfortably) Now don't be troublesome, there's a good girl. (looks in his wallet and sounds more friendly) But, wait, here's some small change. Will that be of any use to you? It's raining heavily now, isn't it? (leaves)
先:(不舒服地)别烦我了,好姑娘。(在钱包里找什么,这时语气好些了)等一等,这儿有几个零钱。这点钱对你有用吗?雨下大了,不是吗?(说完就走了)
E: (disappointed at the outcome, but thinking it is better than nothing) Thank you, sir. (sees a man taking notes and feels worried) Hey! I ain’t done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman. I've a right to sell flowers, I have. I ain’t no thief. I'm an honest girl I am! (begins to cry)
伊:(对先生付的钱表现出失望的样子,但是有总比没有好)先生,谢谢了。(看到有人在记什么,感到很担心)嗨,我跟那位先生说话,又没有做错什么事情。我有权卖花吧,我有权嘛!我不是小偷,我是个老实姑娘,老老实实的。(开始哭起来)
H: (kindly) There! There! Who's hurting you, you silly girl? What do you take me for? (gives her a handkerchief)
希:(友善地)好啦,好啦!谁伤害你了,傻姑娘!你把我当成什么人了?(递给她一条手帕)
E: I thought maybe you was a policeman in disguise.
伊:我还以为你是一个便衣警察呢。
H: Do I look like a policeman?
希:我像警察吗?
E: (still worried) Then why did 'ou take down my words for? How do I know whether 'ou took me down right? 'ou just show me what 'ou've wrote about me!
伊:(仍在担心)那你为什么要把我说的话记下来呢?我怎么知道你是不是写对了呢?那你把你写的东西给我看看。
H: Here you are. (hands over the paper covered in writing)
希:你看吧!(把写满字的纸递给她)
E: What's that? That ain't proper writing. I can't read that. (pushes it back at him)
伊:这是什么呀?不像规规矩矩的字,我看不懂。(把纸退回给他)
H: I can. (reads imitating Eliza) “Come over' ere, cap'in, and buy me flowers off a poor girl.” (in his own voice) There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I'm not mistaken.
希:我来读。(模仿伊的声音读)长官,过这边来呀,买我这个苦命孩子一束花吧!(改用自己的声音说)好了吧,你呀,如果我没有弄错的话,你出生在里森格罗佛。
E: (looking confused) What if I was? What's it to you?
伊:(困惑不解似的)如果我是又怎么样呢?跟你有什么关系吗?
CP: (has been watching the girl and now speaks to Higgins) That's quite brilliant! How did you do that, may I ask?
皮:(本来是一直望着这个姑娘的,这时跟希金斯说话了)太棒了!请问你是怎么知道的呢?
H: Simply phonetics studied and classified from people's own speech. That's my profession and also my hobby. You can place a man by just a few remarks. I can place any spoken conversation within six miles, and even within two streets in London sometimes.
希:对人的发音进行研究、分类,如此而已。这是我的专业。也是我的业余爱好。我可以根据几句话判定是哪个地方的人。差距不过六英里。有时候在伦敦甚至不超过两个街区呢。
CP: Let me congratulate you! But is there an income to be made in that?
皮:恭喜你了!不过,你这样做有收入吗?
H: Yes, indeed. Quite a good one. This is the age of the newly rich. People begin their working life in a poor neighbourhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady ...
希:当然有啊,还挺高呢。这是个致富的年代。人们从伦敦的穷人区开始工作,年收入才80英镑,最后到了富人区工作,年收入就是10万英镑了。但是他们一张嘴就露出马脚(暴露自己的身份)。如今让我一教,她就会变成一个上层阶级的淑女……
CP: Is that so? Extraordinary!
皮:是吗?那太妙了!
H: (rudely) Look at this girl with her terrible English: the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party. Perhaps I could even find her a place as a lady's maid or a shop assistant, which requires better English.
希:(粗鲁地)你瞧那个姑娘,英语说的那么糟糕,命中注定要在贫民窟里呆一辈子了。不过,先生,(高傲地)要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了,她就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。说不定我还可以给她找份工作,当一名贵妇人的侍女或商店的店员。这些工作都要求英语说得好呢。
E: What's that you say? A shop assistant? Now that's sommat I want, that is!
伊:你说啥来着?店员?这正是我想要做的,真的!
H: (ignores her) Can you believe that?
希:(不理睬她)你相信我说的话吗?
CP: Of course! I study many Indian dialects myself and ...
皮:当然相信。我自己就学了好多种印度语,而且……
H: Do you indeed? Do you know Colonel Pickering?
希:真的吗?那你认不认得皮克林上校呢?
CP: Indeed I do, for that is me. Who are you?
皮:当然认得,皮克林就是我。那么请问你贵姓?
H: I'm Henry Higgins and I was going to India to meet you.
希:我是亨利·希金斯。我还打算要去印度见你呢。
CP: And I came to England to make your acquaintance!
皮:我也正是到英国来找你的!
E: What about me? How'll you help me?
伊:我呢?你们怎么帮助我呢?
H: Oh, take that. (carelessly throws a handful of money into her basket) We must have a celebration, my dear man. (leave together)
希:啊,拿去吧!(漫不经心地朝她的篮子里扔去一把钱)好老兄,我们该美美地庆祝一番了。(一道离去)
E: (looking at the collected money in amazement) Well, I never. A whole pound! A fortune! That'll help me, indeed it will. Tomorrow I'll find you, Henry Higgins. Just you wait and see! All that talk of (imitates him) “authentic English” ... (in her own voice) I'll see whether you can get that for me ... (goes out)
伊:(惊奇地看着收集起来的钱)啊,我还从来没有见过!整整一个英镑呢!一笔财富呀!这的确给我帮大忙了。真的。明天我一定去找你,亨利·希金斯。等着瞧吧!你那口(模仿他的声音)“真正的英语”……(用自己的声音)我倒要看看你能不能帮我找到……(离去)
重要单词
1. adaptation n.适应(性);改编本
2. plot n.情节;阴谋
3. hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇
4. uncomfortable adj.不舒服的;不安的;不自在的
5. troublesome adj.带来麻烦的;使人心烦的
6. outcome n.结果;效果
7. mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的
8. brilliant adj.光辉灿烂的;杰出的;才华横溢的
9. classify vt.编排;分类;归类
10. betray vt.显露出(本来面目);背叛
11. dismiss vt.开除;让……离开
12. condemn vt.谴责;使……注定
13. acquaintance n.相识;了解;熟人
14. fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱
15. upper adj.(位置或地位)较高的;级别较高的
16. status n. 身份;地位;职位
17. superio adj.优秀的;优等的;较高的;上级的 n.上级;长官
18. antique adj.古时的;(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的文物;古董;古玩
19. musical adj.音乐的;喜爱音乐的 n.音乐戏剧
20. compromise n.&vi.妥协;折衷
21. horrible adj.可怕的;恐怖的;令人不愉快的
22. disgusting adj.使人反感的;令人厌恶的
23. overlook vt.俯视;未看到;忽视;不理会
24. fade vi.&vt.(使)褪色,减弱;逐渐消失
25. classic adj.经典的;第一流的 n.经典著作
26. effective adj.有效的
重要短语
1. hold up 举起;阻搁;阻挡
2. make one’s acquaintance 结识;与 ……相见
3. in amazement 惊愕地
4. in term of … 就……来说;从……角度
5. show …in 带或领……进来
6. the other day 几天前
7. take away 带走;取走
8. once more 再一次
9. in need of… 需要……
10. take…for .认为……是……;误以为
11. take down 写下;记下
12. pass…off as… (某人)冒充……
13. fade out (声音,画面)逐渐模糊,渐淡
Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors
原文+翻译
A VISIT TO THE ZHOUKOUDIAIN CAVES周口店洞穴参观记
A group of students (S) from England has come to the Zhoukoudian caves for a visit. An archaeologist (A) is showing them round. 一群英国学生(学)来到周口店洞穴参观,有一位考古学家(考)正领着他们参观。
A: Welcome to the Zhoukoudian caves here in China. It is a great pleasure to meet you students from England, who are interested in archaeology. You must be aware that it's here that we found evidence of some of the earliest people who lived in this part of the world. We've been excavating here for many years and ...
考:欢迎到中国来参观周口店洞穴。很高兴见到你们这些来自英国并且对考古学感兴趣的学生。你们想必都很清楚,正是在这个地方,我们找到了居住在世界上这个部分最早人类的证据。我们在这儿进行的挖掘工作已经很多年了,而且……S1: I'm sorry to interrupt you but how could they live here? There are only rocks and trees.
学1:对不起,打断了你的讲话。请问他们怎么能够住在这个地方呢?这儿只有石头和树木啊。
A: Good question. You are an acute observer. We have found human and animal bones in those caves higher up the hill as well as tools and other objects. So we think it is reasonable to assume they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold.
考:问得好。你是个敏锐地观察者。在高山上的那些洞穴里我们找到了人骨和兽骨,还有工具和其他物品。因此,我们有理由认为他们不顾严寒,就住在这些洞穴里。
S2: How did they keep warm? They couldn't have mats, blankets or quilts like we do. It must have been very uncomfortable.
学2:那他们是怎样取暖的呢?他们不可能像我们现在这样有垫子、毯子和被子。想必是很不舒服的了。
A: We've discovered fireplaces in the centre of the caves where they made fires. That would have kept them warm, cooked the food and scared wild beasts away as well. We have been excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter. We haven't found any doors but we think they might have hung animal skins at the cave mouth to keep out the cold during the freezing winter.
考:我们发现在洞穴中央有生火用的地炉。他们用地炉里的火来取暖、做饭,还可以用火来吓跑野兽。我们一直在挖掘一层层的积灰,几乎有六米厚,这意味着他们可能整个冬天都在烧火。我们还没有找到门,但我们认为在天寒地冻的冬季他们可能是用兽皮挂在洞口来防寒的。
S3: What wild animals were there all that time ago?
学3:在那以前有些什么野兽呢?
A: Well, we've been finding the bones of tigers and bears in the caves, and we think these were their most dangerous enemies. Now what do you think this tells us about the life of these early people? (shows picture of a sewing needle)
考:嗯,我们在洞里陆续发现老虎和熊的骨头。我们认为,这些野兽对他们来讲是最危险的敌人了。现在,你们看这个东西能告诉我们有关早期人类生活的什么情况呢?(指着一张画有针线的照片让大家看)
S2.: Gosh! That's a needle. Goodness, does that mean they repaired things?
学2:哎呀,那是一根针。天哪,难道他们还会修补东西吗?
A: What else do you think it might have been used for?
考:除此之外,你认为还可能派别的什么用场吗?
S4: Let me look at it. It's at most three centimetres long. Ah yes, it seems to be made of bone. I wonder how they made the hole for the ...
学4:让我看看。这个东西最多三厘米长,看起来像是骨头做的。我不知道他们是怎么样做成针眼的。
S2: (interrupting) Do you mean that they made their own clothes? Where did they get the material?
学2:(插话)你是不是说他们自己做衣服穿?他们又是从哪里搞到衣料呢?
A: They didn't have material like we have today. Can you guess what they used?
考:他们没有像我们今天穿的这种衣料。你能猜出他们用的是什么吗?
Sl: Wow! Did they wear clothes made entirely of animal skins? How did they prepare them? I'm sure they were quite heavy to cut and sew together.
学1:哇,他们穿的衣服全都是用兽皮做的吗?他们那些衣服是怎么做成的?兽皮剪裁并缝起来一定又厚又重啊。
A: Our evidence suggests that they did wear clothes made from animal skins. We continue discovering tools that were sharpeners for other tools. It seems that they used the sharpened stone tools to cut up animals and remove their skin. Then smaller scrapers were probably used to remove the fat and meat from the skin. After that they would rub an ample amount of salt onto the skin to make it soft. Finally, they would cut it and sew the pieces together. Quite a difficult and messy task! Now look at this. (shows a necklace)
考:我们有证据表明,他们的确穿的是用兽皮制作的衣服。我们不断发现一些磨削其他工具用的工具。看样子他们可能是用磨尖的石器来切割野兽并剥皮,可能再用小一些的刮子把皮上的脂肪和肉去掉。然后他们可能在兽皮上擦上大量的盐,使皮变柔软。最后进行剪裁,缝起来就成了。确实是既难又脏的活!现在来看看这个吧。(指着一串项链)
S2:Why, it's a primitive necklace. Did early people really care about their appearance like we do? It's lovely!
学2:哎呀!这是一条原始的项链吧。早期人类也像我们现在一样讲究外貌吗?太漂亮了!
A:Yes, and so well preserved. What do you think it's made of?.
考:是的,还保存得很好呢。你们看看是用什么做的?
S4:Let me see. Oh, I think some of the beads are made of animal bones but others are made of shells.
学4:我来摸摸看。我想,有的珠子是用兽骨做的,有的是用贝壳做的,对吗?
A:How clever you are! One bone is actually an animal tooth and the shells are from the seaside. Can you identify any other bones?
考:你真聪明!有块骨头实际上是用野兽的牙齿,贝壳是从海边捡来的。你还认得别的骨头吗?
S1:This one looks very much like a fish bone. Is that reasonable?
学1:这根很像鱼骨头,对吗?
A:Yes, indeed, as the botanical analyses have shown us, all the fields around here used to be part of a large shallow lake. Probably there were fish in it.
考:很对。植物学的分析结果明确地告诉我们,这儿四周曾经是一个很大的浅水湖。当时湖里可能是有鱼的。
S3:But a lake is not the sea. We are miles from the sea, so how did the seashells get here?
学3:不过,湖并不是海呀。我们离海还远着呢。那么,贝壳又是怎么来的呢?
A:Perhaps there was trade between early peoples or they travelled to the seaside on their journeys. We know that they moved around, following the herds of animals. They didn't grow their own crops, but picked fruit when it ripened and hunted animals. That's why they are called hunters and gatherers. Now, why don't we go and visit the caves?
考:早期人类之间也许有贸易往来,或者他们也可能旅行到海边去。我们知道,他们跟着兽群四处走。他们并不种植谷物,而是在野果熟了的时候采摘它们并捕杀野兽来充饥。这就是他们被称之为猎人和采摘者的缘故。好了,咱们去参观洞穴好吗?
重要单词
1. alternative n. 可能的选择;选择对象 adj. 供选择的;其他的
2. accuracy n. 精确:准确
3. interrupt vi. 打断…讲话;打岔 vt. 暂时中断或中止
4. assume vt. 假定;设想
5. sharpen vt.&vi. (使)锋利,尖锐,清晰
6. ample adj. 足够的;充足的;富裕的
7. primitive adj. 原始的;远古的;简陋的
8. preserve vt. 保持;保存;保藏n. 禁猎地
9. analysis n. (pl.analyses)分析
10. specific adj. 详细而精确的;确切的;特定的;具体的
11. specifically adv. 确切地;具体地;特别地
12. significance n. 意义;意思;重要性;重要意义
13. somehow adv. 以…方式;不知怎么地
14. systematic adj. 有系统的;有计划的;有条理的
15. radioactive adj. 放射性的;有辐射能的
16. radioactivity n. 放射性
17. applaud vt.&vi. 鼓掌欢迎;赞赏
18. accelerate vt.&vi. 加速;促进
19. arrest vt. 逮捕;吸引 n. 逮捕;拘留
20. dizzy adj. 晕眩的;昏迷的;使人发晕或困惑的
21. relief n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除;减轻痛苦的事物
22. affection n. 恋爱;喜爱
23. affectionate adj. 充满深情的;有爱心的
24. patient adj. 耐心的;忍耐的
25. skilful adj.(英)有技巧的:熟练的(~美~skillful)
26. punctuation n. 标点符号
重要短语
1. show…around 领某人参观
2. regardless of 不管;不顾
3. keep out… 阻止…进入
4. cut up 切碎
5. look ahead 向前看;为未来打算
6. pronounced French accent 明显的法国口音
篇10:人教英语选修8课件
选修8 Unit 1
重点单词
1.means. n. 手段;方法
2.slavery. n. 受奴役的状态;奴隶制
3.majority. n. 大多数;大半
4.immigration. n. 移居入境;移民
5.percentage. n. 百分比;百分率
6.aircraft. n. 飞行器;航空器;飞机
7.mix. vt. 混合;拌和 n. 混合;结合
8.mixture. n. 混合;混合状态;混合物
9.nationality. n. 国籍;民族
10.racial. adj. 人族的;种族的
11.applicant. n. 申请人
12.socialist. n. 社会主义者;社会党人
adj. 社会主义的
13.occur. vi. 发生;出现
14.central. adj. 中心的;中央的;主要的
15.indicate. vt. 指出;标示;表明;暗示
16.swap. vi&vt. 交换
17.apparent. adj. 显而易见的;显然的;表面上的
18.apparently. adv. 显然地;显而易见的
19.slip. vi. 滑动;滑行;滑跤 n. 滑动;滑倒
20.ferry. n. 渡船;渡口
vt. 摆渡;渡运
21.hire. vt&n. 租用;雇佣
22.. vt. 插入;嵌入
23.react. vi. 作出反应;回应
重点短语
1.by means of 用……方法;借助……
2.in addition 而且
3.declare war on ……向……宣战
4.take in 包括;吸收
5.a great/good many 许多,很多
6.at various times 在不同时代
7. make a life (for sb.)习惯于新的生活方式、工作等;谋生
8. keep up 保持;继续
9.ger/have a good view of 好好欣赏……
10.team up with 与……合作或一起工作
11.mark out 划线;标出……界线
要点探究
1.means.n. 方法;手段[单复同]
by all means 当然可以
by means of 用某办法,借助于某物
by no means/not by any means 决不;并没有(放于句首时,主句用部分倒装) by this means 用这种方法
mean to do sth 打算做某事
mean doing sth 意味着……
2.majority.n.大多数;大半;大多
The majority of damage is easy to repair.
The majority of criminals are non-violent.
3.mix.vt. 混合,掺和;n.结合,混合(通常用单数)
mix A and B 使A和B混合起来
mix sth./sb. Up 弄错,弄乱;搞错
mixed feelings 纷扰或矛盾的感情
mixed doubles 混合双打
mixture.n. 混合;混合物
4.occur.vi.发生;出现;存在
it occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想到干谋事
it occurs/occurred to sb. that 某人突然想起谋事
5.indicate.vt. 指出;标示;表明,暗示
indicate that… 示意,表明
6.hire.vt.& n. 租用,雇佣
fire 解雇
7..vt.n.插入、放入、置入
8.react.vi.反应;
react to sb./sth 对某人/某时物作出反应、回应
reaction. n. 反应;回应
9. take over 接管;接收
take up 继续,占用(时间/空间);开始做,开始从事
10.a great many 许多,大量的
11.It is likely that………什么是可能的
选修8 Unit 2
重点单词
1. differ vi. 不同:相异
2. exact adj. 准确的,精确的:精密的
3. commercial adj. 商业的:贸易的
4. straightforward adj. 简单的:直接的:坦率的
5. undertake vt. 着手:从事:承担
6. breakthough n. 突破
7. disturbing adj. 烦扰的
8. arbitrary adj. 任意的
9. altogether adv. 总共:完全地
10. object vi. 不赞成:反对
11. moral adj. 道德上的:伦理的
12. forbid vt. 禁止:不准
13. accumulate vt. 积累:聚积
14. shortly adv. 立刻:不久
15. bother v./n. 打扰:操心/烦扰
16. assumption n. 假定:设想
17. regulation n. 规则:规章:法规
18. extinct adj. 灭绝的:绝种的
19. resist vt. 抵抗:对抗
20. merely adv. 仅:只:不过
21. decoration n. 装饰
22. unable adj. 不能的:不会的
23. argument n. 论据:论点:争论
24. obtain vt. 获得:得到
25. identical adj. 同一的:一模一样的
词汇拓展
1. differ—different(adj.)—difference(n.)
2. commercial—commerce(n.)
3. disturbing—disturbed(adj.)困扰的—disturb(v.)
4. medium—media(pl.)
5. accumulate—accumulation(n.)
6. assumption—assume(vt.)假定,假设
7. regulation—regulate(vt.)管理,控制—regular(adj.)有规律的,规则的
8. resist—resistance(n.)—resistant(adj.)
9. argument—argue(v.)
10. object—objection n.反对
11. undertake – undertook – undertaken
12. forbid – forbade/forbad – forbidden
重点短语
1 (sb. be) cast down (by) 使沮丧
2 object to sth./sb. 不赞成,反对
object to doing sth. 反对某人干某事
have no objection to sb. doing sth. 不反对某人干某事
3 in favor of 赞成,同意,支持,看中,选中
in sb.’s favor 对某人有利的(地)
do sb. a favor 帮某人忙
4 (be) bound to (do) 一定,注定(做)。。。
5 from time to time 不时,偶尔
6 bring back to life 使复生
7 pay off (无被动)得到好结果,取得成功,奏效,偿清,付清 pay a visit to 拜访,访问
pay attention to 注意
pay for 为。。。付款,为。。。付出代价
8 have an impact on 对。。。有影响
9 pass on …to 将。。。传给。。。
10 take turns to do sth. 轮流干某事
11 experiment with 进行。。。的试验
12 give birth to 生,使诞生
13 look back on 回顾
14 differ from 不同于,和。。。不同,和。。。意见不一致
differ in 在。。方面不同
differ with 与某人意见不同
be different from 与。。。不同,有区别
make a difference 产生差别,起重要作用
make no difference 不起作用
tell the difference between A and B 分辨出A与B的不同,区分A与B 15 undertake sth. 承担某事
16 forbid sth./doing sth. 禁止某事/干某事
forbid sb. to do sth 不准某人干某事.
forbid sb.from doing sth. 禁止某人干某事
forbidden 禁止的,不准的
17 bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或烦扰某人
the thing that bothers sb. is …让某人感到不安的是…
bothersome 引起麻烦的,困扰人的
18 resist doing sth. 反对做某事
resist the temptation 抵抗诱惑
19 be bound to do/be 一定,注定
20 find/think/make + it + adj. for sb. to do 发现/思考/让某人做… find sb./sth. done/doing 发现某人/某物怎么样
选修8 Unit 3
重点单词
1. discovery n. 发现;发觉
2. patent n.专利证书;专利发明
3. distinguish vi&vt显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别
4. product n. 产品
5. powder n.粉末;火药
6. abrupt adj.突然的;意外的
7. convenient adj.便利的;方便的
8. expectation n.预料;期望
9. monitor vt. n.监控;班长;监 听;监视器
10.passive adj.被动的;消极的;被动语态的
11. valid adj.有效的;确凿的
12.application n.申请;请求;实施
13.file n.文件;档案;文件夹,把……归档;提交
14.Bear vt.忍受;忍耐;负担
15.jam n.堵塞;阻塞;果酱
16.mess n.脏乱的状态;杂乱
17.dot n. vt.点;小圆点,以小圆点标出;分散
18.tap vt. n.轻打;轻拍;轻敲,轻轻地敲击;龙头
19.wire n.金属丝;电线
20.current n. /adj.电流;现在的;当前的
21.importance n.重要性
22.stable adj.稳固的;稳定的;安定的
23.practical adj.实际的;实践的;实用的
24.court n.法庭;法院;朝廷
25.version n. 版本;译本
重点短语
1. now and then 偶尔;有时
2. get rid of 除去;除掉
3. set about 开始;着手
4. in case (以防)万一
5. set out to do 开始(做)
6. be aware of 意识到
7. in truth 的确;事实上
8. out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障
9. get through 设法联系上;做完,通过
10. ring back 回复电话
11. call up 给……打电话
12. dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入
13. hang on 不挂断;紧紧握住;稍等
14. ring off 挂断电话
选修8 Unit 4
重点单词
1. adaptation n.适应(性);改编本
2. plot n.情节;阴谋
3. hesitate vi.犹豫;踌躇
4. uncomfortable adj.不舒服的';不安的;不自在的
5. troublesome adj.带来麻烦的;使人心烦的
6. outcome n.结果;效果
7. mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的;不正确的
8. brilliant adj.光辉灿烂的;杰出的;才华横溢的
9. classify vt.编排;分类;归类
10. betray vt.显露出(本来面目);背叛
11. dismiss vt.开除;让……离开
12. condemn vt.谴责;使……注定
13. acquaintance n.相识;了解;熟人
14. fortune n.机会;运气;大笔的钱
15. upper adj.(位置或地位)较高的;级别较高的
16. status n. 身份;地位;职位
17. superior adj.优秀的;优等的;较高的;上级的 n.上级;长官
18. antique adj.古时的;(因古老、稀少而)珍贵的文物;古董;古玩
19. musical adj.音乐的;喜爱音乐的 n.音乐戏剧
20. compromise n.&vi.妥协;折衷
21. horrible adj.可怕的;恐怖的;令人不愉快的
22. disgusting adj.使人反感的;令人厌恶的
23. overlook vt.俯视;未看到;忽视;不理会
篇11:选修七第五单元课文翻译
选修七第五单元课文翻译
Unit 5
谢蕾,再接再厉!
中国学生适应能力强
六个月之前,谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友,登上了前往伦敦的飞机。这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰见谢蕾,她告诉我的说,“我很激动,因为很久以前就梦想着能有这么一天,但是我又非常紧张,因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。” 谢蕾今年21岁,来我们大学上学,希望获得工商管理证书。大多数外籍学生在进入学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科,而谢蕾已经读完半年了。她非常看重预科课程。她说,“预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中国学习是相当不同的。你必须事先做好准备,或者在这里,或在中国。”
“困难不仅仅是在学习方面,你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式,在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部注意力。”她说,“有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的',我得学习如何使用电话,乘公交车时该怎样付款,在商店买东西时如果不知道商品的英文名字时,又怎样问店主。当我迷路不得不向路人问路时,经常听不懂他们说的话。他们说的话不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样。”谢蕾说着笑了。
谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起,他们给了她许多建议。虽然有些外国学生同其他同学一起住在学生宿舍或公寓房里,但有些学生选择寄宿在英国人的家中。有的房东家也有上大学的孩子,跟这样的人住在一起会给外国学生提供机会,更好地了解这个国家的日常生活和风俗习惯。“当我听到不理解的话语,或看到似乎有人干了很奇怪的事情时,我就可以向房东家里的人请教。”谢蕾解释说。“还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,给了我很大的安慰。”
谢蕾的预科课程还帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。她对我说,“还记得我交给老师第一篇论文。我在网上找到一篇文章,看来和我所需要的信息恰好一样。于是我就那篇论文写了一篇类似小结性的文章,交给了老师。我原以为我会得到高分,结果只得了一个E。我非常吃惊,于是去找导师说理。”他告诉我说,首先,我不能把别人的话写下来不表示感谢。此外。他认为,别人的想法并不是重要的。他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了,因为该文作者所知道的比我多得多。导师给我解释说,我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章,并进行分析。然后,在我的论文中,我得表明我自己的观点,并且引用别的作者的观点来说明为什么我相信我的观点。起初,我缺乏信心这样做,而现在我开始懂了,我的分数也有所提高了。
谢蕾告诉我说,现在她在英国感到自在多了。开始时认为似乎很怪的事,如今觉得似乎很正常了。“我还有一件事要做,做了这件事后我才得安心。一直忙于适应环境,以至于我没有时间去搞社会活动。我认为在学习和社会生活之间的平衡也是很重要的。我打算参加大学了的几个俱乐部,我希望我会遇到一些有共同爱好的人。”
关于谢蕾的进步,我们将在今后几星期的报纸中做跟踪报道。同时我们衷心祝愿她事业有成。她是应该取得成功的。
篇12:英语八下课文翻译
1、2a部分翻译
Accidents or problems can sometimes happen when we do sports. Write the letter of each sport next to each accident or problem that can happen.
当我们做运动时,有时可能会出现意外或问题。在可能会出现的每个意外或问题旁边写出代表每项运动的字母。
A=soccer
A=足球
B=mountaion climbing
B=爬山
c=swimming
C=游泳
____fall down
摔倒
___get sunburned
困难
___have problems breathing
被球击中
___cut ourselves
被割伤
___hurt our back or arm
伤着背或者胳膊
2、2b部分翻译
Read the passage and underline der ine the words you don't know. Then look up the words in a dic-tionary and write down their meanings
阅读短文,在你不认识的单词下面画线。然后查词典,写下它们的意思。
Finding the Order of Event
找出事件的顺序
Writers describe events in acertain Order.Finding the order of the events will help you understand what you are readin.
作者们按一定的顺序描写事件。找出事件的顺序将会帮助你理解你正在阅读的内容。
He Lost His Arm But Is Still Climbing
他失去了手臂但还在爬山
Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. As a mountain climbing. As mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. This is one of the exciting things about doing dangerous sport, There were many times when Aron almost lost his because of accidents. On April 26,2003 he found himself in a very dangerous situation when climbing un Utah.
啊伦·罗尔斯顿是一位对爬山感兴趣的美国人。作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险。这是从事危险运动刺激的一面。有许多次,阿伦都因为事故而命悬一线。在2003年4月26日,在犹他州登山
时他发现自己处在了非常危险的禁地中。
On that day, Aron's arm was caught under a 2,000-kilo rock that fell on him when he was climbing by himself in the mountains.Because he coulf not free his arm,hestayed there for five days and hoped that someone would
find him.But when his water ran out,he know that he would have to do something to save his own life.He was not ready to die that day.So he used his life tocut off halfhis right arm.Then,with his left arm,he bandaged himself so that he would not lose too much blood.After that,he climbed dowm the mountain to find help.
那一天,当阿伦独自登山时,一块360公斤的岩石的朝他落下来,他的一条胳膊被压在了岩石下。因为无法使自己的胳膊挣脱开来,他在那儿待了五天,希望有人会发现他。但当他的水喝完时,他明白必须做些什么来拯救自己了。他不想那天就死去。因此他用刀子切除了他的半条右臂。然后,他用左臂给自己打上绷带,这样不至于失过多。在那之后,他爬下山去寻求帮助。
After losing his arm,he wrote a book called Between a Rock and aHard Place .this means being in a difficult situation that you cannot seem toget out of.In this book,Aron tells of te importance of making good decisions, and of being incontrol of one's life.His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience.
在他失去胳膊之后,他写了一本名为《生死两难》的书。书名的.意思是“处于一种你似乎无法的困境之中”。在这本书中,阿伦讲述了正确 ,抉择和自我掌控命运的重要性。他对登山如此酷爱,甚至在这次断臂经历之后他还继续爬山。
Do we have the same spirit as Aron? Let's think about it before we find ourslves “between arock and a hard place”,and before we hace tomake a decision thatcould mean life or death.
我们有阿伦那样的精神吗?在我们发现自己处于生死两难的境地及在我们不得不作出生抉择之前,让我们先思考一下吧。
3、2c部分翻译
Read the statements and cicle True,False
or Don't Know.读这些陈述,圈出“正确”“错误”或“不知道”。
4、2d部分翻译
Read the passage again and answer the questions.
再读短文,回答问题。
1.Where did the accident happen on April 26,2003?
在2003年4月26日,这个事故发生在什么地方?
2.Why couldn't Aron move?
阿伦为什么不能动?
3.How did Aron free himself?
阿伦是怎样使自己自由的?
4.What did Aron do after the accident?
事故之后阿伦做了什么?
5. What does “between a rock and a hard place” mean?
“between a rock and a hard place”的意思是什么?
5、2e部分翻译
Put the sentences iⅡthe correct order. Then use them to tell Aron's story to your partner. Try to add other details from the reading.
把这些句子按正确的顺序排列。然后用它们向你的同伴讲述阿伦的故事。尽量添加阅读材料中其他一些细节。
On April 26,2003,he had a serious mountain climbing accident.
在2003年4月26日,他出了一起严重的爬山事故。
Aron loves mountain climbing and doesn't mind taking risks.
阿伦热爱爬山,不介意冒险。
Aron did not……after the accident and keeps on climbing mountains today.
阿伦在这次事故之后没有放弃 ,如今他继续爬山。
He'wrote a book about his experience.
他写了一本关于他的经历的书。
Aron lost half his right arm from the 2003 accident.
阿伦在2003年的事故中失去了半条右臂。
★ 高二英语课文翻译
★ 会展英语课文翻译
选修8英语u5课文翻译(合集12篇)
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