【导语】“persienne”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了7篇新概念英语第四册第24课:Beauty，以下是小编帮大家整理后的新概念英语第四册第24课:Beauty，仅供参考，大家一起来看看吧。
- 目录
篇1：新概念英语第四册第24课:Beauty
Lesson 24 Beatuy美
First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What do glimpses of beauty, either in nature or art, often suggest to the human mind?
A young man sees a sunset and, unable to understand or to express the emotion that it rouses in him, concludes that it must be the gateway to world that lies beyond. It is difficult for any of us in moments of intense aesthetic experience to resist the suggestion that we are catching a glimpse of a light that shines down to us from a different realm of existence, different and, because the experience is intensely moving, in some way higher. And, though the gleams blind and dazzle, yet do they convey a hint of beauty and serenity greater than we have known or imagined. Greater too than we can describe; for language, which was invented to convey the meanings of this world, cannot readily be fitted to the uses of another.
一个年轻人看到日落，由于无法理解和表达日落在他心中唤起的激情，便得出结论：日落处想必是通往遥远世界的大门。无论是谁，在强烈感受到美的时刻，心中都 不禁油生一种遐想：我们似乎瞥见从另一个世界射向我们的一线光芒，那个世界不仅不同于我们这个世界，而且由于美感的强烈感染，在某些方面比我们这个世界更 美好。虽然这光芒令人眼花缭乱，但它确实给予我们一种不曾经历和无法想象的美感和静谧的启示。这种美感和静谧是我们无法描述的，因为我们发明的语言是用来 描述这个世界的含义，不能随便拿来去描述另一个世界。
That all great has this power of suggesting a world beyond is undeniable. In some moods, Nature shares it. There is no sky in June so blue that it does not point forward to a bluer, no sunset so beautiful that it does not waken the vision of a greater beauty, a vision which passes before it is fully glimpsed, and in passing leaves and indefinable longing and regret. But, if this world is not merely a bad joke, life a vulgar flare amid the cool radiance of the stars, and existence an empty laugh braying across the mysteries; if these intimations of a something behind and beyond are not evil humour born of indigestion, or whimsies sent by the devil to mock and madden us. if, in a word, beauty means something, yet we must not seek to interpret the meaning. If we glimpse the unutterable, it is unwise to try to utter it, nor should we seek to invest with significance that which we cannot grasp. Beauty in terms of our human meanings is meaningless.
不可否认，一切伟大的艺术都具有使人遐想到进入天外世界的魅力。在某种状态下，大自然也有这种魅力。六月蔚蓝的天空总使人遥想一个更加蔚蓝的苍穹；美丽的 落日总会引起一个更加绚丽的景象未及饱览便一闪即逝，并在消逝中给人留下不可名状的渴望和惆怅。如果这个世界不只是一个拙劣的恶作剧，如果人生不只是群星 寒光中平凡的一闪，如果存在不只是对神秘事物的一种空虚的笑声，如果某种玄妙事物的暗示不是消化不良引起的邪恶情绪，也不是魔鬼为了捉弄我们，使我们发狂 而送给我们的邪念，一句话，如果美有某种意义的话，我闪千万不要去阐明它的意义。如果我瞥见了只可意会不可言传的事物，企图把它说出来，那上不明智的；对 于我们不理解的事物，我们也不应该去赋予它某种意义。用对我们人类有意义的词解释美是没有意义的。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
intense
adj. 强烈的
aesthetic
adj. 审美的
realm
n. 世界
serenity
n. 静谧
undeniable
adj. 不可否认的
indefinable
adj. 模糊不清的
vulgar
adj.平庸的
radiance
n. 发光
intimation
n. 暗示
unutterable
adj. 不可言传的
invest
v. 赋予
Notes on the text课文注释
1 in moments of intense acsthetic experience, 在感受到强烈美的时候。
2 in some way higher, in some way 是“某种程度上”的意思，higher与前面的different and 是并列的，作realm of existence的定语。
3 yet do they convey a hint of beauty,其中的do起强调作用，放在主语之前更具有强调的意义。
4 In some moods Nature shares it.在某种状态下，大自然也具有这种力量。it 是指前面一句中 this power of suggesting a world beyond。
Lesson 24 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇2：新概念英语第二册第24课:It could be worse
Lesson 24 It could be worse不幸中之万幸
First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Had the writer's money been stolen?
I entered the hotel manager's office and sat down. I had just lost $50 and I felt very upset.
我走进饭店经理的办公室，坐了下来。我刚刚丢了50英镑，感到非常烦恼
'I left the money in my room,' I said, 'and it's not there now.'
“我把钱放在房间里，”我说，“可现在没有了。”
The manager was sympathetic, but he could do nothing.
经理深表同情，但却无能为力
'Everyone's losing money these days,' he said.
“现在大家都在丢钱，”他说
He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock at the door.
他开始抱怨起这个邪恶的世道来，却被一阵敲门声打断了
A girl came in and put an envelope on his desk. It contained $50.
一个姑娘走了进来，把一个信封放在了他桌上。它里面装着50英镑
'I found this outside this gentleman's room,' she said.
“这是我在这位先生的房门外捡到的，”她说
'Well,' I said to the manager, 'there is still some honesty in this world!'
“是啊，”我对那位经理说，“这世界上还是有诚实可言的！”
New words and Expressions生词和短语
manager
n. 经理
upset
adj. 不安
sympathetic
adj. 表示同情的
complain
v. 抱怨
wicked
adj. 很坏的，邪恶的
contain
v. 包含，内装
honesty
n. 诚实
Notes on the text课文注释
1 本文的题目可以有几种不同的理解方式:“如果我丢失的不止50英镑”，“如果经理没有任何同情心”“如果拾到钱的姑娘没有把钱送回来”，结局会更糟糕。
2 Everyone's losing money these days.现在大家都在丢钱。
用现在进行时来表示不断重复的动作，其中常含有埋怨的意思。
Lesson 24 自学导读First things first
课文详注 Further notes on the text1．I had just lost ￡50 and I felt very upset. 我刚刚丢了50英镑，感到非常烦恼。
（1）lose指“遗失”、“丢失”时，宾语一般为钱物：
Don't lose your ticket/key.
别把你的票／钥匙丢了。
（2）feel +形容词一般指心情“觉得……”、“感觉到……”：
Do you feel hungry now?
你觉得饿吗？
I feel happy/excited.
我觉得开心／激动。
feel upset 表示“心烦意乱、“很苦恼”。
2．The manager was sympathetic, but be could do nothing. 经理深表同情，但却无能为力。
could do nothing可以补全为 could do nothing about it，即关于此事他什么忙也帮不上。do为完全动词，表示“做”、“干”。do类似的用法还有：
Is there anything I can do for you?
我能给您做点什么吗？
3．Everyone's losing money these days. 现在大家都在丢钱。
（1）days可以指“时期”、“时代”，如 in his boyhood days（在他的童年时代）。these days指“现今”。
（2）现在进行时在这里表示动作的频繁，仿佛随时都有人丢钱似的。
4．‘Well,’I said to the manager,‘there is still some honesty in this world!’“是啊，”我对那位经理说，“这世界上还是有诚实可言的！”
well作为感叹词可以表达多种感情，如惊讶、让步等，在这里表示松了一口气（因为钱没丢）。
语法 Grammar in use
复习第2～23课部分语法
除了第23课语法中复习过的内容外，在第2～23课中，我们还学习了what引导的感叹句、动词的直接宾语和间接宾语、否定句的两种形式、动词和小品构成的短语动词、作形容词的现在分词与过去分词的区别等内容。
What a beautiful garden (it is)!
多美的花园！
He lent me his dictionary.
他把字典借给了我。（me为间接宾语，his dictionary为直接宾语）
与动词连用的小品词如果能与动词分开使用，即它的位置可变动，那么这个小品词一般为副词；如果位置不可变动，则一般为介词。
I'm looking for my brother.
我在找我的兄弟。（for为介词）
词汇学习Word study
1．complain vi．
（1）抱怨，发牢骚，诉苦（常与of，about连用）：
She is always complaining.
她总是发牢骚。
Don't complain about/of the weather.
别抱怨天气。
（2）控告，抗议（与of，about连用）：
The people in that district complained to the police about the noise from that factory.
那家工厂噪音太大，当地的人们已向警方投诉。
Mary complained to the Jacksons about the rubbish they had thrown everywhere.
杰克逊一家乱扔垃圾，玛丽已向他们提出抗议。
2．wicked adj．
（1）邪恶的，坏的（道德上）：
Don't believe him. He is a wicked person.别相信他。他很坏。
She saw a wicked smile on his face.
她发现他脸上带着恶意的微笑。
（2）淘气的，顽皮的（尤指小孩）：
Don't be so wicked, Tom.
汤姆，别这么淘气。
（3）（天气）恶劣的：
Few people walked about in this wicked weather.
很少有人在这么恶劣的天气四处走动。
Lesson 24 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇3：新概念英语第三册第24课:A skeleton in the cupboard
Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard“家丑”
Listen to the tape then answer the question below.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who was Sebastian?
We often read in novels how a seemingly respectable person or family has some terrible secret which has been concealed from strangers for years. The English language possesses a vivid saying to describe this sort of situation. The terrible secret is called 'a skeleton in the cupboard'. At some dramatic moment in the story, the terrible secret becomes known and a reputation is ruined. The reader's hair stands on end when he reads in the final pages of the novel that the heroine a dear old lady who had always been so kind to everybody, had, in her youth, poisoned every one of her five husbands.
It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. To varying degrees, we all have secrets which we do not want even our closest friends to learn, but few of us have skeletons in the cupboard. The only person I know who has a skeleton in the cupboard is George Carlton, and he is very pound of the fact. George studied medicine in his youth. Instead of becoming a doctor, however, he became a successful writer of detective stories. I once spend an uncomfortable weekend which I shall never forget at his house. George showed me to the guestroom which, he said, was rarely used. He told me to unpack my things and then come down to dinner. After I had stacked my shirts and underclothes in two empty drawers, I decided to hang one of the tow suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of two suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it suits I had brought with me in the cupboard. I opened the cupboard door and then stood in front of it petrified. A skeleton was dangling before my eyes. The sudden movement of the door made it sway slightly and it gave me the impression that it was about to leap out at me. Dropping my suit, I dashed downstairs to tell George. This was worse than “a terrible secret'; this was a read skeleton! But George was unsympathetic. 'Oh, that,' he said with a smile as if he were talking about an old friend. 'That's Sebastian. You forget that I was a medical student once upon a time.'
参考译文
在小说中，我们经常读到一个表面上受人尊重的人物或家庭，却有着某种多年不为人所知的骇人听闻的秘密。英语中有一个生动的说法来形容这种情况。惊人的秘密 称作“柜中骷髅”。在小说的某个戏剧性时刻，可怕的秘密泄漏出来，接着便是某人的声誉扫地。当读者到小说最后几页了解到书中女主人公，那位一向待大家很好 的可爱的老妇人年轻时一连毒死了她的5个丈夫时，不禁会毛骨悚然。
这种事发生在小说中是无可非议的。尽管我们人人都有各种大小秘密。连最亲密的朋友都不愿让他们知道， 但我们当中极少有人有柜中骷髅。我所认识的唯一的在柜中藏骷嵝的人便是乔治.卡尔顿，他甚至引以为自豪。乔治年轻时学过医，然而，他后来没当上医生，却成 了一位成功的侦探小说作家。有一次，我在他家里度周末，过得很不愉快。这事我永远不会忘记。乔治把我领进客房，说这间很少使用。他让我打开行装后下楼吃 饭。我将衬衫、内衣放进两个空抽屉里，然后我想把随身带来的两套西服中的一套挂到大衣柜里去。我打开柜门，站在柜门前一下惊呆了。一具骷髅悬挂在眼前，由 于柜门突然打开，它也随之轻微摇晃起来，让我觉得它好像马上要跳出柜门朝我扑过来似的。我扔下西服冲下楼去告诉乔治。这是比“骇人听闻的秘密”更加惊人的 东西，这是一具真正的骷髅啊！但乔治却无动于衷。“噢，是它呀！他笑着说道，俨然在谈论一位老朋友。“那是塞巴斯蒂安。你忘了我以前是学医的了。”
New words and expressions 生词和短语
skeleton
n. 骷髅
seemingly
adv. 表面上地
respectable
adj. 体面的，雅观的
conceal
v. 隐藏，隐瞒
vivid
adj. 生动的
dramatic
adj. 令人激动的，扣人心弦的
ruin
v. 毁坏
heroine
n. 女主人公
fiction
n. 小说
varying
adj. 不同的
medicine
n. 医学
guestroom
n. （家庭中的）来客住房
unpack
vt. （从箱中）取出
stack
v. （整齐地）堆放，排放
underclothes
n. 内衣
drawer
n. 抽屉
petrify
v. 使惊呆
dangle
v. 悬挂
sway
v. 摇摆
unsympathetic
adj. 不表同情的，无动于衷的
medical
adj. 医学的
Notes on the text课文注释
1 A skeleton in the cupboard，直译为“柜中骸骸”，此系一成语作“家丑”解释。
2 conceal sth from sb.作“对某人隐瞒某事”解说。
3 The reader's hair stands on end,读者感到毛骨谏然。
4 to varying degrees，在不同程度上。
5 stood in front of it petrified，站在柜前吓呆了。
stand此处表示处于某种状态，起系动词的作用，后面常接形容词、介词短语或过去分词，表示主语处于某种状态中的特征，可视作表语。
6 the impression that it was about to leap out...，
that引导的从句作impression的同位语。be about to do sth，表示按照计划即将做的动作。
Lesson 24 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇4：新概念英语第四册第7课:Bats
Lesson 7 Bats蝙蝠
First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
In what way does echo-location in bats play an utilitarian role?
Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echo-location in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly utilitarian role.
动物发出的声音不都是用作语言交际。我们只要看一看蝙蝠回声定位这一极不寻常的发现，就可以探究一下声音在什么情况下有绝对的实用价值。
To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyone knows that if he shouts in the vicinity of a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstruction, the longer time will elapse for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the hull of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps and the receipt of the echoes, the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding apparatus, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step from locating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved apparatus, it is now possible not only to locate a shoal but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.
要透彻理解这句话的意义，我们应先回顾一下人类最近的几项发明。大家都知道，在墙壁或山腰附近发出的喊声，就会听到回声。固体障碍物越远。回声返回所用时 间就越长。敲打船体所发了的声音会从海底传回来，测出回声间隔的时间，便可算出该处海洋的深度。这样就产生了目前各种船舶上普遍应用的回声探测仪。任何固 体者反射声音，反射的声音因物体的大小和性质的不同而不同。鱼群也反射声音。从测定海深到测定鱼群，这一进展比较容易。根据经验和改进了的仪器，不仅能够 确定鱼群的位置，而且可以根据鱼群回声的特点分辨出是鲱鱼、鳕鱼，这是人们所熟悉的其他鱼。
It has been found that certain bats emit squeaks and by receiving the echoes, they can locate and steer clear of obstacles -- or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echo-location in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.
人们发现，某些蝙蝠能发出尖叫声，并能通过回声来确定并躲开障碍物，或找到它们赖以为生的昆虫。蝙蝠这种回声定位常常可与雷达相比较，其原理是相似的。
New words and expressions生词和短语
bat
n. 蝙蝠
strictly
adv. 明确地
utilitarian
adj.实用的
appreciation
n. 理解
elapse
v. 障碍物
hull
n. 消逝
interval
n. 船体
receipt
n. 间隔
apparatus
n. 收到
shoal
n. 仪器
herring
n. 鱼群
cod
n. 鳕鱼
squeak
n. 尖叫声
Notes on the text课文注释
1 Not all sounds made by animals serve as language,动物发出的声音不全是作语言交流。此句采用了部分否定，既不是否定所有的动物，而只是一部分。serve as,作...之用。
2 turn to,求助于。
3 play a role in,在...方面起作用。
4 in the vicinity of,在...的附近。
5 So was born the echo-sounding appararus,就这样诞生了回声探测仪。这是一个倒装句，主要是为了避免因主语过长而使全句失去平衡，同时也为了使apparatus的定语now in general use in ships紧挨着名词。in general use,普遍使用。
6 steer clear of,避开。
Lesson 7 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇5：新概念英语第四册第27课:The ‘Vasa’
Lesson 27 The 'Vasa'“瓦萨”号
First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
What happened to the 'Vasa' almost immediately after she was launched?
From the seventeenth-century empire of Sweden, the story of a galleon that sank at the start of her maiden voyage in 1628 must be one of the strangest tales of the sea. For nearly three and a half centuries she lay at the bottom of Stockholm harbour until her discovery in 1956. This was the Vasa, royal flagship of the great imperial fleet.
1628年，一艘大帆船在处女航时就沉没了，这个从容不迫7世纪瑞典帝国流传至今的故事无疑是航海史上最离奇的事件之一。这艘大船在斯德哥尔摩港口的海底躺了将近几年来个世纪之后，直到1956年才被发现。这就是“瓦萨”号，帝国大舰的皇家旗舰。
King Gustavus Adolphus, 'The Northern Hurricane', then at the height of his military success in the Thirty Years' War, had dictated her measurements and armament. Triple gun-decks mounted sixty-four bronze cannon. She was intended to play a leading role in the growing might of Sweden.
当时号称“北方飓风”的国王古斯夫斯.阿道尔弗正处在“三十年战争”的军事鼎盛阶段，他亲自规定了这艘船的规模和武器配备。3层的火炮甲板上装着眼点4门青铜加农炮，目的就是要在不断增长的瑞典势力中起主导作用。
As she was prepared of her maiden voyage on August 10, 1628, Stockholm was in a ferment. From the Skeppsbron and surrounding islands the people watched this thing of beauty begin to spread her sails and catch the wind. They had laboured for three years to produce this floating work of art; she was more richly carved and ornamented than any previous ship. The high stern castle was a riot of carved gods, demons, knights, kings, warriors, mermaids, cherubs; and zoomorphic animal shapes ablaze with rea and gold and blue, symbols of courage, power, and cruelty, were portrayed to stir the imaginations of the superstitious sailors of the day.
1628年8月10日，“瓦萨”号准备首航时，斯德哥尔摩一片欢腾。人们从斯开波斯布朗和周围的岛屿前来观着这艘美丽的战船扬帆起航，乘风前进。瑞典人辛 辛苦苦干了3年才建成这件水上艺术品，它比以往任何船只雕刻得都更加精美，装饰得都更加华丽。高耸的船楼上雕刻了令人眼花缭乱的神仙、妖魔、骑士、国王、武士、美人鱼和小天使，还有用红色、金黄色、蓝色绘制的光彩夺目的兽形图案，象征着勇敢、力量和残暴，以激起汉时崇尚迷信的水手们的想像。
Then the cannons of the anchored warships thundered a salute to which the Vasa fired in reply. As the emerged from her drifting cloud of gun smoke with the water churned to foam beneath her bow, her flags colour, she presented a more majestic spectacle than Stockholmers had ever seen before. All gun-ports were open and the muzzles peeped wickedly from them.
这时，停泊在港口的其他战船向“瓦萨”号鸣炮致礼，“瓦萨”号也鸣炮回礼。当“瓦萨”号从弥漫的礼炮烟云中出现时，船头下浪花加溅，舰旗迎风招展，三角旗 随风飘动，微风鼓起风帆，金碧辉煌的船楼闪耀着灿烂的色彩。“瓦萨”号展现的壮观景象是斯德哥尔摩人从未见过的。船上的炮眼开着，炮口虎视眈眈地向外窥视着。
As the wind freshened there came a sudden squall and the ship made a strange movement, listing to port. The Ordnance Officer ordered all the port cannon to be heaved to starboard to counteract the list, but the steepening angle of the decks increased. Then the sound of rumbling thunder reached the watchers on the shore, as cargo, ballast, ammunition and 400 people went sliding and crashing down to the port side of the steeply listing ship. The lower gun-ports were now below water and the inrush sealed the ship's fate. In that first glorious hour, the mighty Vasa, which was intended to rule the Baltic, sank with all flags flying-in the harbour of her birth.
当风力增强时，突然刮来一阵大风，“瓦萨”号奇怪地摇晃了一下，便向左舷倾斜。炮长命令把左舷上所有大炮搬到右舷上来以抵消船的倾斜，但甲板的倾斜度仍在 增加。当物口、压舱物、弹药和400个人轰地一声滑向陡斜的左舷时，岸上的观众听到了雷鸣般的轰响。下层炮眼已淹没在水里，涌进船舱的水给“瓦萨”号带来 了难以逃脱的厄运。就这样，想要统治波罗的海的大型战舰“瓦萨”号，在它壮丽的起航时刻，带着全身飘扬的彩旗，沉没在了它诞生的港口。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
galleon
n. 大型帆船
Stockholm
n. 斯德哥尔摩
flagship
n. 旗舰
imperial
adj. 帝国的
hurricane
n. 飓风
armament
n. 军械
triple
adj. 三层的
mount
v. 架有
bronze
n. 青铜
cannon
n. 加农炮
might
n.力量
ferment
n.激动不安
ornament
v.装饰
riot
n.丰富
demon
n.恶魔
mermaid
n.美人鱼
cherub
n.小人使
zoomorphic
adj.兽形的
ablaze
adj.光彩的
portray
v.绘制
drifting
adj.弥漫的
churn
v.翻滚
pennant
n.三角旗
superstructure
n.上部结构
majestic
adj.威严的
muzzle
n.炮口
freshen
v.变强
squall
n.狂风
list
v.倾斜
port
n.(船、飞机的)左舷
ordnance
n.军械
heave
v.拖
starboard
n.(船、飞机的)右舷
counteract
v.抵消
steepen
v.变得更陡峭
ballast
n.压舱物
inrush
n.水的涌入
Baltic
n.波罗的海
Notes on the text课文注释
1 the 'Vasa', ”瓦萨号“战船。这艘船是以瑞典瓦萨王朝（1523-1654）创始人Gustavus Vasa的姓氏命名的。Gustavus Vasa（1496-1560）曾领导了发对丹麦统治的暴动，1523年出任国王，使瑞典成了一个独立、统一、富强的国家。
2 the Thirty Years War”三十年战争“。这是欧洲历史上的一场多国混战，具有政治和宗教色彩，是新教诸侯和天主教诸侯之间的连年战争（1618-1648），最后在1648年签定了威斯特伐利亚条约，以天主教诸侯失败而告终。
3 a riot of,许多...，主要指色彩丰富。
4 with the water churned...，her flags flying , pennans waving , sails filling...， and the red and gold ... ablaze... with最后5个独立主格结构，均作方式状语，修饰动词emerged。
Lesson 27 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇6：新概念英语第四册第46课:Hobbies
Lesson 46 Hobbies业余爱好
First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Who, according to the author, are 'Fortune's favoured children'?
a gifted American psychologist has said, 'Worry is a spasm of the emotion; the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go.' It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. The stronger the will, the more futile the task. One can only gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp. And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undue grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.
一位天才的美国心理学家曾经说过：“烦恼是感情的发作，此时脑子纠缠住了某种东西又不肯松手。”在这种情况下，你又和头脑争吵让它松手是无济于事的。这种 意志越是强烈，这种尝试越是徒劳。你只能缓和而巧纱地让另一种东西进入痉挛僵持的头脑中。如果选得合适，而且的确受到别的领域的情趣的启迪，那么渐渐地， 往往也是很顺利地，原先不适当的紧张就会松弛下来，恢复和修整的过程就会开始。
The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of the first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.
因此，对一个从事社会活动的人来说，培养一种业余爱好和各种新的兴趣是关等重要的作法。但这并非一日之功，也不是单凭一蹴而就的事。精神上多种情趣的培养 是一个长期的过程。要想在需要的时候可随手摘取充满生机的果实，那就必然从选良种做起，然后将其植入肥沃的土地，还需要勤勉地护理。
To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they must all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say: 'I will take an interest in this or that.' Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet get hardly any benefit or relief. It is no use doing what you like; you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes: those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to hard week's sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball or Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has beer working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the weekend.
一个人要想真正感到幸福和平安，至少应有两三种爱好，而且都比较实际。到了晚年才开始说：“我会对这些人或那个人发生兴趣”，已没有用了。这种愿望只能加 剧精神紧张。一个人可能会获得与其日常工作无关的某些课题的渊博知识，而没有从中得到什么实益或宽慰。干你所喜欢的事是没有用的，你喜欢你所干的事。泛泛 地说，人可以分为3类：劳累至死的人、忧虑至死的人、无聊至死的人。对于流汗出力干了一周苦活的体力劳动者来说，让他们在星期六下午再踢足球或打垒球是不 合适的；同样，对于为严肃的公务操劳或烦恼了6天的政界人士、专业人员、商人来说，在周未再让他们为琐事而动脑子和忧虑也是无益的。
As for the unfortunate people who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire -- for them a new pleasure, a new excitement if only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by mere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.
至于那些能任意支配一切的“可怜的人”，他们能够恣意妄为，能染指一切追求的目标。对这种人来说，多一种新的乐趣、多一种新的刺激只是增加一分厌腻而已。 他们到处奔乱跑，企图以闲聊和乱窜来摆脱无聊对他们的报复，但这是徒劳的。对他们来说，用某种形式的纪律约束他们一下才能有希望使他们走上正道。
It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human being are divided into two classes: first, one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But Fortune's of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and modest forms. But Fortune's favoured children belong to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays, when they come, are grudged as enforced as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes, the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those work is their pleasure are those who and most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.
也可以这样说，理智的，勤劳的、有用的人可以分为两类：第一类是他分清工作是工作，娱乐是娱乐的人；第二类人的工作和娱乐是一回事。这两类人当中，第一类 人是大多数，他们能够得到补偿。在办公室或工厂里长时间工作给他们带来了酬劳，这不仅是谋生的手段，而且还带来了寻找乐趣的强烈欲望，那怕是最简单的、最 低等的乐趣。但是，命运之神的宠儿是第二类人，他们的生活是一种自然的和谐，对他们来说，工作时间总不会太长，每天都是假日，而通常的假期来到，他们却惋 惜这假期强制打断了他们埋头从事的工作。然而对这两种人来说，都需要换一换脑子，改变一下气氛，转移一下注意力，这是不可缺少的。说实在的，把工作当作享 受的那些人最需要每隔一段时间把工作从头脑中撇开。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
gifted
adj. 有天才的
psychologist
n. 心理学家
spasm
n. 一阵（感情）发作
futile
adj. 无用的
insinuate
v. 便潜入，暗示
convulsive
adj. 起痉挛的
illumination
n. 启发，照明
undue
adj. 不造当的
grip
n. 紧张
recuperation
n. 休息
improvise
v. 临时作成
sedulously
adv. 孜孜不倦地
vivify
v. 使生气勃勃
aggravate
v. 加剧
trifling
adj. 微小的
gratify
v. 便满意
caprice
n. 任性
satiation
n. 满足
frantically
adv. 狂乱地
avenge
v. 替…报复
boredom
n. 厌烦
clatter
n. 喧闹的谈话
sustenance
n. 生计
appetite
n. 欲望
grudge
v. 怨恨
absorbing
adj. 引人入胜的
banish
v. 排除，放弃
Notes on the text课文注释
1 catch hold of,抓住……；let…go,放掉……。
2 lay one's hands on,得到……，抓到……。
3 Fortune's favoured children中的Fortune是指“命运女神”。
Lesson 46 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
篇7：新概念英语第四册第33课:Education
Lesson 33 Education教育
First listen and then answer the following question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。
Why is education democratic in bookless, tribal societies?
Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse circumstances, deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states 'invest' in institutions of learning to get back 'interest' in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated by textbooks -- those purchasable wells of wisdom-what would civilization be like without its benefits?
教育是我们这个时代的关键词之一。我们许多人都相信，一个没有受过教育的人，是逆境的牺牲品，被剥夺了20世纪的最优越的机会之一。现代国家深深懂得教育 的重要性，对教育机构投资，收回的‘利息’便是培养出大批有知识的男女青年，这些人可能成为未来的栋梁。教育，以其教学周期如此精心地安排，并以教科书 -- 那些可以买到的智慧源泉 -- 予以强化，如果不受其惠，文明将会是个什么样子呢？
So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants, marriages and births -- but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on 'facts and figures' and more on a good memory, on applied psychology, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow-citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of 'college' imaginable. Among tribal people all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is equally equipped for life.
至少，这些是可以肯定的：虽然我们还会有医生和牧师、律师和被告、婚姻和生育，但人们的精神面貌将是另一个样子。人们不会重视‘资料和数据’，而靠好记 性、实用心理学与同伴相处的能力。如果我们的教育制度仿效没有书籍的古代教育，我们的学院将具有可以想象得出的最民主的形式了。在部落中，通过传统继承的 知识为所有人共享，并传授给部落中的每一个成员。从这个意义上讲，人人受到的有关生活本领的教育是相等的。
It is the ideal condition of the 'equal start' which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain. In primitive cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding to all. There are no 'illiterates' -- if the term can be applied to peoples without a script -- while our own compulsory school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in France in 1806, and in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of 'civilized' nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the 'happy few' during the past centuries.
这就是我们最进步的现代教育试图恢复的“平等起步”的理想状况。在原始文化中，寻求和接受传统教育的义务对全民都有约束力。因而没有“文盲”（如果这个字 眼儿可以用于没有文字的民族的话）。而我们的义务教育成为法律在德国是在1642年，在法国是在18，在英国是在1876年。今天，在许多“文明” 国家里，义务教育迄今尚未实行。这说明，经过了多么漫长的时间之后，我们才认识到，有必要确保我们的孩子享有多少个世纪以来由‘少数幸运者’所积累起来的 知识。
Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows up under the ever-present attention of his parent; therefore the jungles and the savannahs know of no 'juvenile delinquency'. No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to 'buy' an education for his child.
荒凉地区的教育不是钱的问题，所有的人都享有平等起步的权利。那里没有我们今天社会中的匆忙生活，而匆忙的生活常常妨碍个性的全面发展。荒凉地区的孩子无 时无刻不在父母关怀下成长。因此，丛林和荒凉地区不知道什么叫“青少年犯罪”。人们没有必要离家谋生，所以不会产生孩子无人管的问题，也不存在父亲无力为 孩子支付教育费用而犯难的问题。
New words and expressions 生词和短语
adverse
adj.不利的
purchasable
adj.可买到的
preacher
n. 传教士
defendant
n. 被告
outlook
n. 视野
capacity
n. 能力
democratic
adj. 民主的
tribal
n. 部落的
tribe
n. 部落
illiterate
n. 文盲
compulsory
adj. 义务的
deem
v. 认为
means
n. 方法，手段，财产，资力
hamper
v. 妨碍
savannah
n. 大草原
juvenile
adj. 青少年
delinquency
n. 犯罪
Notes on the text课文注释
1 Education , with its cycles...，punctuated by textbooks...，这句话中的主语Education与punctuated并不是一种主谓关系，因此，这句话在语法上被称作单元句。
2 So much is certain,有承上启下的作用：一方面回答了前一段最后一句的提问，另一方面开始列举没有教育将会给社会文明带来的影响。
3 be fashioned after, 按...做成。
4 without a script , 没有文字的。
Lesson 33 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer
★ 新概念英语第四册第28课:Patients and doctors
★ 新概念英语第四册第6课:The sporting spirit
★ 新概念英语第四册第31课:The sculptor speaks
★ 新概念英语第三册第31课:A lovable eccentric
★ 新概念英语第二册第87课:A perfect alibi
★ 新概念英语第二册第8课:The best and the worst
新概念英语第四册第24课:Beauty（精选7篇）
