【导语】“炫美234”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了9篇面试时，这些习惯要改掉，下面是小编为大家整理后的面试时，这些习惯要改掉，以供大家参考借鉴!
- 目录
篇1：面试时 这些习惯要改掉
面试时 这些习惯要改掉
面试时，个别求职者由于某些不拘小节的不良习惯，破坏了自己的形象，使面试的`效果大打折扣，导致求职失败——
手：这个部位最易出毛病，如双手总是不安稳，忙个不停，做些玩弄领带、挖鼻、抚弄头发、掰关节、玩弄考官递过来的名片等动作。
脚：神经质般不住晃动、前伸、翘起等，不仅人为地制造紧张气氛，而且显得心不在焉，相当不礼貌。
背：哈着腰，弓着背，似一个 “刘罗锅”，考官如何对你有信心？
眼：或惊慌失措，或躲躲闪闪，该正视时却目光游移不定，予人缺乏自信或者隐藏不可告人秘密的印象，极易使考官反感；另外，死盯着考官的话，又难免给人压迫感，招至不满，
脸：或呆滞死板，或冷漠无生气等，如此僵尸般地表情怎么能打动人？得快快改掉。一张活泼动人的脸很重要。
行：其动作有的手足无措，慌里慌张，明显缺乏自信，有的反应迟钝，不知所措，不仅会自贬身价，而且考官不将你看“扁”才怪呢。
总之，面试时，这些坏习惯一定要改掉，并自始自终保持斯文有礼、不卑不亢，大方得体、生动活泼的言谈举止。不仅可大大提升增强求职者的形象，而且往往使成功机会大增
阅读本文后毕业生简历网还为您推荐了更多相关的文章参考：
面试的着装微妙之处 面试言谈举止篇 男生面试八大法则
篇2：面试时，这些习惯要改掉
面试时，这些习惯要改掉
很多求职者看了一些有关面试的指导后，对于该如何恰当的表达还是懵懵懂。那么，现在给您一个打破沙锅问到底的机会：来体验一下我们的虚拟面试吧 ，看看对于一些常见问题，怎么回答既巧妙又稳妥！
请简单作个自我介绍
我家在南京。上有一个姐姐。我在考上大学之后便决定离家北上念书、如此 也养成了我独立的个性。原本在毕业之后，我也不太确定自己该从事哪一种工作 。后来，在修完了经济学和企管学之后，我才确定了方向，决定来贵公司应聘。
请问您想了解的是哪一部份呢？
我一直对这一个工作领域保持很高的兴趣，从学生时代开始我便常常透过实习或是打工的机会来接触这个行业，因此我对这个行业累积了不少经验及看法， 我也认为它的确有些需要改进的地方，我认为不断求进步是很重要的。
上一个工作在你心中的优缺点各为何？
＊ 我非常喜欢上一个工作。去年我利用暑假期间替一家广告公司工作，我的工作内容非常具有变化性与挑战性，而且我的工作伙伴们个个都才华洋溢，我的确 从他们身上学习不少。只可惜我待在那儿的时间不够长，未能看到自己的`某些计划完成，不过，那段经验对我而言是获益良多的。
＊ 在博物馆工作是一个很棒的经历。我与同事们相处融洽，而且工作内容也非 常生动有趣，可惜的是那边的待遇并不如一般艺廊来得好。
＊ 我曾经在上一份工作时担任主管工作、肩负重要责任；公司给我充份的信任 和权力，而我也与上司保持良好关系。可惜的是，每天联络工作花掉我太多时间 ；另外，我们的办公室属于冬冷夏热型，也让我非常不适应。
觉得自己最大的优点是？
＊ 我自认为是一个有效率且能妥善处理事情的人。
＊ 这是个很难回答的问题。我想，是我的忠诚度吧！
＊ 我是一个很合群的人。我不喜欢在办公室说长道短或是搞小团体，以和为贵 是我的处世原则。
觉得自己最大的缺点是？
＊ 应该是比较缺乏实际工作经验吧。不过，如果给我足够的时间投入工作，我想这个问题不会持续太久。
＊ 我是一个完美主义者，在做任何事之前我一定要确定每个细节是否已准备妥 当，不过有时候太要求完美似乎会影响工作效率。
＊ 我曾经是一个做事非常没有系统的人。我的办公桌总是杂乱无章，後来我因 为搞丢了一个重要文件而惹上了大麻烦，才促成了我日后的改变。当时我请求一 位做事极细心的同事帮我一起整理办公桌，在不到一个小时的时间我们很有系统 地整理好我的办公桌，至今它仍旧维持得井然有序，从此以後，我不但未曾在工 作上出错，效率也提高了很多。
如果你被录取了，你会待在公司多久？
＊ 只要是这个工作一直具备挑战性以及学习成长的机会，我想我便没有离开的 理由。请问您认为这个工作能维持多久的挑战性与成长性呢？
＊ 任何一个工作若未待满一年，我不可能考虑离开。毕竟要熟悉一个工作至少需要花一年的时间。
＊ 一旦录取，我永远不会考虑离开贵公司。
你的希望待遇是？
＊ 据我所知，担任这个职务的人必须向各部门主管报告各类书籍从出版到获利的各个细节、并且必须担任作者与经销商之间沟通的桥梁，不知道我是否漏掉了什么重要的部份？如果工作内容就如同上面所言，那么和我一样具备相同学经历的人在贵公司的薪资待遇上是介于哪一个层级？
＊ 基于我的学经历背景以及目前市场行情，我希望薪资能维持在3000元。
＊ 我希望介于2500元至2800元之间。
“面试时，这些习惯要改掉”版权归作者所有；转载请注明出处!篇3：求职技巧-面试时，这些习惯要改掉
1 手：这个部位最易出毛病。如双手总是不安稳，忙个不停，做些玩弄领带、挖鼻、抚弄头发、掰关节、玩弄考官递过来的名片等动作。
2 脚：神经质般不住晃动、前伸、翘起等，不仅人为地制造紧张气氛，而且显得心不在焉，相当不礼貌。
3 背：哈着腰，弓着背，似一个“刘罗锅”，考官如何对你有信心？
4 眼：或惊慌失措，或躲躲闪闪，该正视时却目光游移不定，予人缺乏自信或者隐藏不可告人秘密的印象，极易使考官反感；另外，若死盯着考官的话，又难免给人压迫感，招至不满。
5 脸：或呆滞死板，或冷漠无生气等，如此僵尸般地表情怎么能打动人？得快快改掉。一张活泼动人的脸很重要。
6 行：其动作有的手足无措，慌里慌张，明显缺乏自信，有的反应迟钝，不知所措，不仅会自贬身价，而且考官不将你看“扁”才怪呢。
篇4：求职技巧-面试时，这些习惯要改掉
总之，面试时，这些坏习惯一定要改掉，并自始自终保持斯文有礼、不卑不亢，大方得体、生动活泼的言谈举止。不仅可大大提升增强求职者的形象，而且往往使成功机会大增。
[求职技巧-面试时，这些习惯要改掉]
篇5：这些“处方”帮你改掉坏习惯
若要抵抗以上坏习惯“组合拳”的侵袭，除了在日常生活中做到合理膳食、适量运动、戒烟限酒、心理平衡外，不妨试试以下建议：
分次改变重口味
减盐、减辣是一个过程，研究显示，通常坚持4个星期，口味会慢慢变轻。此外，在家做饭多以醋、芥末、葱、姜、蒜、洋葱等调味品增加味道，少用或不用味精、酱油、辣椒等调料，减少食盐用量。
戒烟先限酒
戒烟过程中，最痛苦的莫过于忍不装复吸”，而酒精就是让你摆脱不掉烟瘾的“元凶”。因此，想要戒烟必须限酒。同时，烟瘾来袭时，可以深呼吸10次、喝杯茶、嚼口香糖、找人聊聊天等。
找些饮食替代品
想吃甜食时，不妨用水果、酸奶、坚果等代替，既能饱腹，还能及时补充人体每天所需的营养素。
不要经常睡懒觉
一般而言，每天睡7~8小时为宜。如果总觉得自己睡不够，应该改变的不是睡眠时间，而是睡眠周期，不妨试试每天晚上早点睡。或在睡前喝杯牛奶、温水泡脚等。
篇6：要想成功先改掉这些习惯
第一，拖延成性，让他十点钟来，他准保十点半。三天的工作总要四天半完成。不知是工作能力问题，还是时间观念太淡薄。这样的人生活多半没目标，晃一天算一天，不知不觉就晃到了日落西山时。
第二，表现成癖。学问不大，还总喜欢表现自己。
第三，不愿倾听。不论是生活还是工作，都离不开交流。交流无外乎你说人家听或者人家说你听。时间长了，这种习惯准让你自以为是。自以为是的结果就是停滞不前，最终自己把自己打败。
第四，懒于改变。有些人总是喜欢走老路，其表现就是任凭自己的性子来，做什么事情总是老一套。有句广告词说得好“改变总是好的”。不思改变的人恐怕是没有出路的。
第五，不可取代。有些人总是以为自己的作用大得不得了。在家里，家里人宠着你，到了社会就没有人宠着你了。“离开谁地球都转”。有这种习惯的人通常缺乏一种危机感，一旦危机来到眼前，就是哭天抢地也来不及了。
第六，斤斤计较。有了事情斤斤计较，不仅计较多少报酬，还计较别人的态度，甚至念念不忘别人驴年马月还得罪过自己呢。
第七，不动脑子。有些人说话办事不动脑子，
报纸上曾经多次报道街头兜售假元宝得逞的案子，被骗的人大脑无一例外地缺根弦。股神巴菲特说起玩儿股票，有一句话让我印象深刻，他不相信报纸怎么说，只相信常识是什么。有的人喜欢听别人说什么，自己从来不动脑筋，就像一部电视剧中的.宋小菲，张嘴就是“我妈说”、“我妈告诉我”等等。不动脑筋的人确实省却了不少“麻烦”，可是有了事情，不动脑子的习惯兴许会让你付出惨痛的代价。
第八，缺少准备。有些人总是习惯于临时抱佛脚。要考英语了，弄两个通宵。会上要他发言了，站起来结结巴巴，不知说什么好。有一句话不是说“机会是留给有准备的人”吗？平时没有准备，特别是才干、心理素质上的准备，关键时刻来临怎么可能取得成功呢？
第九，尽是幻想。有的人平时不苦练“杀敌”本领，事情来了，幻想重重。
第十，容易沮丧。有些人遇到困难，总是心情沮丧，好像这个世界就是跟他过意不去。在单位不得志怪领导不赏识，学习成绩不优秀怨老师不好好教，收入没有他人多嫌工作没前途，凡此种种，一大堆不良情绪积累下来，不沮丧才怪呢。要知道，世界不会为你而改变。换句话说，当你不能改变世界的时候，就要主动去适应它，只有这样你才有可能实现你的人生目标。
第十一，缺少恒心。做什么事情都是不容易的，都是需要时间和汗水的。爱迪生就说过，他的成功中百分之一是天才，百分之九十九是汗水。
篇7：面部臃肿 改掉这些坏习惯就好了
我们身边肯定有那些脸大的的，看起来面部臃肿十分的别扭。但是每个人都希望自己能够精致的瓜子脸，如何去改善面部臃肿呢？造成面部臃肿的坏习惯有哪些，我们一起来看看吧。
1.过量摄取盐分
如果摄取盐分过多的话，我们体内的钠含量就会急剧增加。这时就需要用水来稀释钠含量从而降低体内钠的浓度。所以人们会感到口渴。接着人们就会摄取大量水分，这就导致出现脸部浮肿的恶性循环。半夜稍微吃点零食就大口喝水的话，早上起来可能会被自己浮肿的脸吓一跳。请您留意。
2.在脸部浮肿的情况下化妆
早晨起来照镜子，发现脸部浮肿的时候大家都会怎么做呢？大概会大意地认为，脸上积累的水分随时间流逝会自然地流入身体里，便在脸部浮肿的情况下就直接化妆了吧。脸部浮肿的状态下化妆什么的，绝对不行！
如果在眼睛浮肿的情况下直接上眼妆的话，等浮肿消除的时候，眼睛的妆容就会给人不协调的感觉。这种细微的差异也会使您与精致小脸越来越远......其实起床时只要稍微伸展一下身体就可以消除浮肿啦。
3.过于焦躁，板着脸
脸部肌肉“表情肌”对于脸部淋巴细胞的循环有重要作用。表情肌松弛会阻塞淋巴细胞循环，从而导致脸部浮肿。
因为表情肌是肌肉，所以越锻炼效果会越好。在日常生活中经常笑的人表情肌也就经常被锻炼。
因压力过大变得很焦躁，就别说笑容了......可能您有这样的情绪。但是不开心的神色不仅会给人留下坏印象，还会使表情肌松弛，从而导致面部浮肿。
不开心的时候也好，灰心丧气的时候也好，付之一笑，以这种势头来让我们的表情肌动起来吧。
4.俯卧
因为脸一直朝下，所以俯卧这种睡姿会让水分更容易集中到脸部。因此这是非常容易引起脸部浮肿的姿势。而且眼部肌肤很薄，俯卧容易引起眼皮肿胀，早上起来的时候看见浮肿双眼的可能性就很大。每天都俯卧的话，渐渐就会变成很容易脸部浮肿的体质。
在长年生活中找到适合自己的睡姿，如果是俯卧的话，也不是简单地说改就能改的。因此可以先调整枕头的高度，尽量“仰卧”。建议您还可以准备一条毛巾，折叠毛巾铺在枕上，一直调整到您不会觉得难受的高度为止。
怎样快速瘦脸
1、每天至少要喝800ML水
喝适量的水是为了帮助面部消除浮肿，并且能够带走体内大量的废物，还能让你身体保持水润，肌肤也不会变得干燥，两全其美哦！
2、每天吃水果蔬菜
瘦脸饮食方面也要注意，避免摄取过多热量，可以多吃水果和蔬菜，这样很容易产生饱腹感，还能帮助你减少吃甜品零食的欲望。
3、对酒精说“NO”
对一切酒精产品说“NO”，因为带有酒精的产品可能让面部浮肿或者皮肤松弛。另外酒精的热量很高，所以要慎饮哦。
4、增加钙摄入量
很多人为了减肥会不吃奶制品，其实这是非常错误的做法。相关研究证明，奶制品中的钙元素能帮助人体燃烧脂肪，促进机体产生更多能降解脂肪的酶。所以，如果想减肥，每天从食物中摄取1200mg的钙能够有效的帮助身体消耗脂肪，当然也能使面部纤瘦、身型苗条。
5、控制盐分的摄入
长期高盐饮食对于健康有着很多的害处，而对于想要瘦脸的女性来说，摄入过多的盐分同样会带来不良的影响哦！这是因为身体摄入过多的盐分之后，必然会需求更多的水分，同时也会阻碍水分的排出，那么浮肿的问题就不可避免了。所以想要瘦脸在，最好少吃高盐饮食。
6、多吃抗氧化食物
抗氧化食物有：绿茶、葡萄、西瓜、西红柿等，它们是非常好的食物，抗氧化能力特别的高，促进皮肤角质的新陈代谢，让肌肤紧致有弹性。
7、脸颊按摩
每晚清洁了脸部肌肤后，在此时可以增加一些脸部按摩进去。先是伸出食指并弯曲，将第一关节与第二关节之间的部位放在颧骨上，一边画圈一边往上提拉，同时也因为按摩，营养护肤品也会跟随着深入。
8、按摩双下巴
双下巴对于打造精致的小脸来说，是一个非常大的阻碍，也是爱美的女性最为讨厌的一个问题。那么怎么才能消除双下巴呢？教大家一个简单的小运动，首先向上抬头，然后用手握住下巴，再用力将两边向上提升，同时嘴巴要发出“啊、咦、呜、诶、哦”的声音就可以了。
9、脸部伸展操
头部向后仰，并把舌头伸出来保持一定的时间，这样可以达到瘦脸的效果。闲下来的时候都可以做，可以往脸部地方轻轻的推拿，帮助面部血液循环。
10、嚼口香糖
吃东西也能导致脸胖，其实正确的咀嚼法能让脸部瘦下来，因为嚼口香糖的时候你的面部会跟着动起来，切记两边两颊都要嚼，不能只嚼一边，避免出现大小脸。
结语：打造精致的V字小脸，不仅能够让面容变得更加的美丽，对于我们整体形象的提升都有着很大的帮助哦。但是在努力寻找适合自己的瘦脸方法的时候，一定要注意方法的正确性以及避免误区，这样才能快速有效的实现自己的瘦脸目标。希望每个女性都能拥有迷人的小脸。
篇8：上班族的这些习惯必须要改掉
一、说同事的坏话
改掉原因：你永远也不知道有谁会听到。
解决办法：你对别人的意见很可能会传到那个人耳朵里，甚至会让上司知道。也许他不同意你的看法，至少他不喜欢你的这种态度。所以如果要发泄，在下班时间工作场合之外发泄。
二、忘记了自己的职责
改掉原因：如果你不做自己的工作，那么为什么还要付你工资呢？
解决办法：如果你做了使你分心的工作，那么你就没在做自己的工作。即使公司的政策很松，也不要在上班时间收私人电邮或聊天。
三、炫耀你的关系
改掉原因：你的关系不会持续永远
解决办法：也许你炫耀的那个人并不想让别人知道你们的关系，这会让别人觉得他在偏袒你。而且更重要的是，如果那个人突然被调走，那么你的地位也可能会动遥。
四、对上司很随意，不尊敬
改掉原因：会伤害和上司之间的感情，对自己的名誉不好
解决办法：问问自己你所说的或所做的是否影响了上司的权威。即使你和上司私人关系很好，但是如果你觉得在单位你们是平等的话，那你就越线了。而且你的上司还有上司，在公众场合叫他（她）的绰号或在其他同事面前没有支持他（她）的观点显然是对他（她）的不尊重。但是尊重不是绝对的服从，你只需知道哪些话适合私人之间讲哪些话适合在公开场合讲就可以了。
五、总是按照自己的时间做事
改掉原因：不是每个人都会按照你的计划表行事
解决办法：工作时要准时可靠。虽然截止日期和会议时间很烦人，但是并不是只有你一个人受影响。但是如果你迟到，你就会给别人带来不便，而且你会被认为是办事不可靠的人，而人们大多不想和这样的人共事。
篇9：改掉这些错误的GRE阅读做题习惯
改掉这些错误的GRE阅读做题习惯
颠倒阅读重点，不知道区分主次
在把握GRE阅读文章时，考生首先应读出其逻辑层次，其中包括套路，各段段意，各段之间的逻辑关系以及主题句。其次，需注意文章中的一些重点语言现象，如GRE强转折，强因果和强对比等词所在的句子。同时在看文章时对一些重要的细节要记住它们大致的位置。有些考生看到一篇篇幅很长的问题，不知道入手下手，也不清楚哪些是重点内容，这也是需要通过练习来进一步强化的。
盲目求快而忽略了文章中主要的信息
有些考生片面理解新GRE阅读中的快速阅读，认为快速阅读仅仅指的就是提高单位时间内容阅读单词的数量，所以在阅读实践中盲目提速。导致文章中重要的主干内容被忽略。也有有些考生在处理上一段的时候以极快的速度从头念到尾，却没有区分关键信息和非关键信息。结果就造成虽然读得很快，但读完以后却什么重要内容都没记住，白白浪费了读一遍的时间。
看到细节部分就缩手缩脚，不敢舍弃
有的考生在备考时也基本认同了快速阅读方法的合理性，可在实际浏览GRE阅读理解文章的过程中还是缩手缩脚，不敢快速阅读一些细节。也有些考生将GRE考试的大量时间花在细节上，最终导致没有时间去思考该这部分内容是否值得他这样去细细品味。会出现这种问题一方面是大家还缺乏自信，另一方面则是因为缺乏抓重点的能力。GRE题目中细节题其实还是比较少的，如果大家在阅读文章发现一些细节，建议大致看一下了解内容后做个标记，如果题目中涉及到了再返回定位一下即可。
GRE考试阅读理解模拟题及答案解析
P1
Jean Wagner‘s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as secular, frame of reference.
The appropriateness of such an approach may seem self-evident for a tradition commencing with spirituals and owing its early forms, rhythms, vocabulary, and evangelical fervor to Wesleyan hymnals.
But before Wagner a secular outlook that analyzed Black poetry solely within the context of political and social protest was dominant in the field.
It is Wagner who first demonstrated the essential fusion of racial and religious feeling in Afro-American poetry.
The two, he argued, form a symbiotic union in which religious feelings are often applied to racial issues and racial problems are often projected onto a metaphysical plane.
Wagner found this most eloquently illustrated in the Black spiritual, where the desire for freedom in this world and the hope for salvation in the next are inextricably intertwined. (159 words)
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) contrast the theories of Jean Wagner with those of other contemporary critics
(B) document the influence of Jean Wagner on the development of Afro-American poetry
(C) explain the relevance of Jean Wagner‘s work to the study of Afro-American religion
(D) indicate the importance of Jean Wagner‘s analysis of Afro-American poetry
(E) present the contributions of Jean Wagner to the study of Black spirituals
2. All of the following aspects of Afro-American poetry are referred to in the passage as having been influenced by Wesleyan hymnals EXCEPT
(A) subject matter
(B) word choice
(C) rhythm
(D) structure
(E) tone
3. It can be inferred from the passage that, before Wagner, most students of Afro-American poetry did which of the following?
(A) Contributed appreciably to the transfer of political protest from Afro-American poetry to direct political action.
(B) Ignored at least some of the historical roots of Afro-American poetry.
(C) Analyzed fully the aspects of social protest to be found in such traditional forms of Afro-American poetry as the Black spiritual.
(D) Regarded as unimportant the development of fervent emotionalism in a portion of Afro-American poetry.
(E) Concentrated on the complex relations between the technical elements in Afro-American poetry and its political content.
P2
In the early 1950‘s, historians who studied preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began , for the first time in large numbers , to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite: the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books.
One difficulty, however, was that few of the remaining 97 percent recorded their thoughts or had them chronicled by contemporaries.
Faced with this situation, many historians based their investigations on the only records that seemed to exist: birth, marriage, and death records.
As a result, much of the early work on the nonelite was aridly statistical in nature; reducing the vast majority of the population to a set of numbers was hardly more enlightening than ignoring them altogether.
Historians still did not know what these people thought or felt.
One way out of this dilemma was to turn to the records of legal courts, for here the voices of the nonelite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants.
These documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor.”
Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories, which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups (these attitudes include, but are not confined to, attitudes toward crime and the law) and have revealed how the authorities administered justice.
It has been societies that have had a developed police system and practiced Roman law, with its written depositions, whose court records have yielded the most data to historians.
In Anglo-Saxon countries hardly any of these benefits obtain, but it has still been possible to glean information from the study of legal documents.
The extraction of case histories is not, however, the only use to which court records may be put.
Historians who study preindustrial Europe have used the records to establish a series of categories of crime and to quantify indictments that were issued over a given number of years.
This use of the records does yield some information about the nonelite, but this information gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelite.
We also know that the number of indictments in preindustrial Europe bears little relation to the number of actual criminal acts, and we strongly suspect that the relationship has varied widely over time.
In addition, aggregate population estimates are very shaky, which makes it difficult for historians to compare rates of crime per thousand in one decade of the preindustrial period with rates in another decade.
Given these inadequacies, it is clear why the case history use of court records is to be preferred. (473 words)
4. The author suggests that, before the early 1950‘s, most historians who studied preindustrial Europe did which of the following?
(A) Failed to make distinctions among members of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(B) Used investigatory methods that were almost exclusively statistical in nature.
(C) Inaccurately estimated the influence of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(D) Confined their work to a narrow range of the preindustrial European population.
(E) Tended to rely heavily on birth, marriage, and death records.
5. According to the passage, the case histories extracted by historians have
(A) scarcely illuminated the attitudes of the political and social elite
(B) indicated the manner in which those in power apportioned justice
(C) focused almost entirely on the thoughts and feelings of different social groups toward crime and the law
(D) been considered the first kind of historical writing that utilized the records of legal courts
(E) been based for the most part on the trial testimony of police and other legal authorities
6. It can be inferred from the passage that much of the early work by historians on the European nonelite of the preindustrial period might have been more illuminating if these historians had
(A) used different methods of statistical analysis to investigate the nonelite
(B) been more successful in identifying the attitudes of civil authorities, especially those who administered justice, toward the nonelite
(C) been able to draw on more accounts, written by contemporaries of the nonelite, that described what this nonelite thought
(D) relied more heavily on the personal records left by members of the European political and social elite who lived during the period in question
(E) been more willing to base their research on the birth, marriage, and death records of the nonelite
7. It can be inferred from the passage that a historian who wished to compare crime rates per thousand in a European city in one decade of the fifteenth century with crime rates in another decade of that century would probably be most aided by better information about which of the following?
(A) The causes of unrest in the city during the two decades
(B) The aggregate number of indictments in the city nearest to the city under investigation during the two decades
(C) The number of people who lived in the city during each of the decades under investigation
(D) The mental attitudes of criminals in the city, including their feelings about authority, during each of the decades under investigation
(E) The possibilities for a member of the city‘s nonelite to become a member of the political and social elite during the two decades
P1
1
Jean Wagner‘s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as secular, frame of reference.
JW 对于非裔美国人诗歌研究的最不懈的贡献，是坚持在宗教和世俗参照系内分别研究。
2
The appropriateness of such an approach may seem self-evident for a tradition commencing with spirituals and owing its early forms, rhythms, vocabulary, and evangelical fervor to Wesleyan hymnals.
这种诗歌传统发源于圣歌，其形式、节奏、词汇、宗教热情都来自于卫理教派的赞美诗集，所以这种研究方式是恰当的，不言而喻。
3
But before Wagner a secular outlook that analyzed Black poetry solely within the context of political and social protest was dominant in the field.
但在 W 以前，这个领域内的主流研究方式，是单纯在政治和社会抗争的语境下以世俗视角观察黑人诗歌。
4
It is Wagner who first demonstrated the essential fusion of racial and religious feeling in Afro-American poetry.
是 W 首先论证出，美国黑人诗歌中的种族与宗教情感本质上相互交融。
5
The two, he argued, form a symbiotic union in which religious feelings are often applied to racial issues and racial problems are often projected onto a metaphysical plane.
他认为，二者构成一个共生体，在种族事件中宗教情感经常得以表达，而种族问题也经常被投射于形而上的层面。
6
Wagner found this most eloquently illustrated in the Black spiritual, where the desire for freedom in this world and the hope for salvation in the next are inextricably intertwined. (159 words)
W 认为这种共生的观点在黑人圣歌中表现的表现得最为明显，在现实世界对自由的渴望与在天堂灵魂被救赎的希望互相纠结，密不可分。
1. The primary purpose of the passage is to
(A) contrast the theories of Jean Wagner with those of other contemporary critics
(B) document the influence of Jean Wagner on the development of Afro-American poetry
(C) explain the relevance of Jean Wagner‘s work to the study of Afro-American religion
(D) indicate the importance of Jean Wagner‘s analysis of Afro-American poetry
(E) present the contributions of Jean Wagner to the study of Black spirituals
选D
A 只是对比了二者研究在某一点的区别，没有对比其他，A 说法过分。
B W是对黑人诗歌的解读分析有贡献，对诗歌发展的贡献未知。
C W研究的是诗歌，不是黑人的宗教。
D 正确，暗示 W 研究的重要意义。
E 理由同C
2. All of the following aspects of Afro-American poetry are referred to in the passage as having been influenced by Wesleyan hymnals EXCEPT
(A) subject matter
(B) word choice
(C) rhythm
(D) structure
(E) tone
选A
好题。
B / C / D 分别对应句 2 “early forms, rhythms, vocabulary, and evangelical fervor” 中的 vocabulary / rhythms / early forms ，争议在于 tone 对应 A 还是 E 。
假定A是正确的，即黑人诗歌的主题也被卫理教派圣歌影响，则与句 3 矛盾，因为 W 以前的主流研究方式从未关注诗歌与宗教的关系，如果真的主题相关，是没可能被忽略了二者联系的。
所以选 E ，tone 指叙述的情调、气氛，对应宗教热情。
3. It can be inferred from the passage that, before Wagner, most students of Afro-American poetry did which of the following?
(A) Contributed appreciably to the transfer of political protest from Afro-American poetry to direct political action.
(B) Ignored at least some of the historical roots of Afro-American poetry.
(C) Analyzed fully the aspects of social protest to be found in such traditional forms of Afro-American poetry as the Black spiritual.
(D) Regarded as unimportant the development of fervent emotionalism in a portion of Afro-American poetry.
(E) Concentrated on the complex relations between the technical elements in Afro-American poetry and its political content.
选B
难题。
A 从诗歌中的政治抗议转为直接的政治活动，未知信息。
B 正确。句 3 “But before Wagner a secular outlook that analyzed Black poetry solelywithin the context of political and social protest was dominant in the field. ” 由 solely 可知 ignored at least some of the historical roots .
C 没有 Black spiritual 的事，瞎聊。
D emotionalism 感情主义?也许大概是马景涛在琼瑶剧里那种表演方式吧?未知信息。
E technical elements 写诗的技巧，未知。
P2
1
In the early 1950‘s, historians who studied preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began , for the first time in large numbers , to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite: the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books.
1950年代早期，研究前工业化欧洲(可大约定义为1300-1800年的欧洲)的历史学者，第一次大量地开始调查前工业化时期的欧洲大众，而不是2%或3%的社会政治精英阶层，也就是国王，上将，法官，贵族，主教和迄今为止一直充斥历史书籍的地方巨头。
2
One difficulty, however, was that few of the remaining 97 percent recorded their thoughts or had them chronicled by contemporaries.
然而，一个难题是，这97%中没什么人记录了自己或其他人的想法。
3
Faced with this situation, many historians based their investigations on the only records that seemed to exist: birth, marriage, and death records.
基于这种条件，很多学者的研究建立在几乎仅存的记录之上：出生，婚姻和死亡记录。
4
As a result, much of the early work on the nonelite was aridly statistical in nature; reducing the vast majority of the population to a set of numbers was hardly more enlightening than ignoring them altogether.
结果，研究平民的大量早期工作是枯燥的统计工作：把大量民众简化为一系列数字并不比忽略他们强多少。
5
Historians still did not know what these people thought or felt.
学者们仍然不了解这些人的想法和感受。
6
One way out of this dilemma was to turn to the records of legal courts, for here the voices of the nonelite can most often be heard, as witnesses, plaintiffs, and defendants.
摆脱这种两难处境的一种方法，是转而研究法庭记录，在这里经常可以听到大众的声音，作为证人，起诉人和辩护人。
7
These documents have acted as “a point of entry into the mental world of the poor.”
这些记录使我们“得以进入穷人的精神世界”。
8
Historians such as Le Roy Ladurie have used the documents to extract case histories, which have illuminated the attitudes of different social groups (these attitudes include, but are not confined to, attitudes toward crime and the law) and have revealed how the authorities administered justice.
历史学者比如 LRL 从这些记录中提取了讼案故事，展示了不同社会群体的态度(包括且不仅限于对法律和犯罪的态度)，也揭示了权力机构如何执行正义。
9
It has been societies that have had a developed police system and practiced Roman law, with its written depositions, whose court records have yielded the most data to historians.
从手写的宣誓证词可以看出，那是一个实行罗马法且已有较发达的警察系统的社会，法庭记录向学者提供了多数档案。
10
In Anglo-Saxon countries hardly any of these benefits obtain, but it has still been possible to glean information from the study of legal documents.
在盎格鲁-萨克逊国家已经少有这些好处，但我们仍可以从对法律档案的研究中窥得一二。
11
The extraction of case histories is not, however, the only use to which court records may be put.
然而，提取讼案故事并非法庭记录的唯一用途。
12
Historians who study preindustrial Europe have used the records to establish a series of categories of crime and to quantify indictments that were issued over a given number of years.
研究前工业化时期欧洲的学者们用这些记录建立起一系列犯罪的类别，又统计出一定年限内的起诉数量。
13
This use of the records does yield some information about the nonelite, but this information gives us little insight into the mental lives of the nonelite.
如此使用这些记录，确实给我们提供了关于平民的一些信息，但这不能使我们了解他们的精神世界。
14
We also know that the number of indictments in preindustrial Europe bears little relation to the number of actual criminal acts, and we strongly suspect that the relationship has varied widely over time.
我们也知道，前工业化时期欧洲的起诉数量与实际犯罪行为的数量没什么关系，而且我们怀疑，两者的关系随时间的起伏很大。
15
In addition, aggregate population estimates are very shaky, which makes it difficult for historians to compare rates of crime per thousand in one decade of the preindustrial period with rates in another decade.
另外，总人口数量的估计也非常不可靠，导致学者们很难比较前工业化时期的欧洲不同的十年间每千人犯罪率。
16
Given these inadequacies, it is clear why the case history use of court records is to be preferred. (473 words)
鉴于这些不足，为何法庭记录更多被用来写讼案故事，也就不难理解了。
4. The author suggests that, before the early 1950‘s, most historians who studied preindustrial Europe did which of the following?
(A) Failed to make distinctions among members of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(B) Used investigatory methods that were almost exclusively statistical in nature.
(C) Inaccurately estimated the influence of the preindustrial European political and social elite.
(D) Confined their work to a narrow range of the preindustrial European population.
(E) Tended to rely heavily on birth, marriage, and death records.
选D
句 1 。学者将他们的研究工作局限于一小部分精英。
5. According to the passage, the case histories extracted by historians have
(A) scarcely illuminated the attitudes of the political and social elite
(B) indicated the manner in which those in power apportioned justice
(C) focused almost entirely on the thoughts and feelings of different social groups toward crime and the law
(D) been considered the first kind of historical writing that utilized the records of legal courts
(E) been based for the most part on the trial testimony of police and other legal authorities
选B
句 8 ，have revealed how the authorities administered justice，即暗示了当政者如何分配正义。
6. It can be inferred from the passage that much of the early work by historians on the European nonelite of the preindustrial period might have been more illuminating if these historians had
(A) used different methods of statistical analysis to investigate the nonelite
(B) been more successful in identifying the attitudes of civil authorities, especially those who administered justice, toward the nonelite
(C) been able to draw on more accounts, written by contemporaries of the nonelite, that described what this nonelite thought
(D) relied more heavily on the personal records left by members of the European political and social elite who lived during the period in question
(E) been more willing to base their research on the birth, marriage, and death records of the nonelite
选C
句 2，few of the remaining 97 percent recorded their thoughts or had them chronicled by contemporaries 。
7. It can be inferred from the passage that a historian who wished to compare crime rates per thousand in a European city in one decade of the fifteenth century with crime rates in another decade of that century would probably be most aided by better information about which of the following?
(A) The causes of unrest in the city during the two decades
(B) The aggregate number of indictments in the city nearest to the city under investigation during the two decades
(C) The number of people who lived in the city during each of the decades under investigation
(D) The mental attitudes of criminals in the city, including their feelings about authority, during each of the decades under investigation
(E) The possibilities for a member of the city‘s nonelite to become a member of the political and social elite during the two decades
选C
一个想比较犯罪率的学者，最可能被那种更精确的信息帮助。句 15 ，aggregate population estimates are very shaky, which makes it difficult for historians to compare rates of crime 。
C 提供了实际的数据，不需要再靠不准的估值。
★ 改掉坏毛病作文
★ 习惯了···
★ 习惯了，
★ 改掉坏习惯的名言
★ 面试时自我介绍
★ 习主席新年贺词
面试时，这些习惯要改掉（共9篇）
