全国各省市高考阅读理解猜测词义题

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篇1：2005全国各省市高考阅读理解猜测词义题

1．[全国I. B]

MONTREAL (Reuters) – Crossing the US-Canada border（边界）to go to church on a Sunday cost a US citizen ＄10,000 for breaking Washington’s strict new security（安全）rules.

The expensive trip to church was a surprise for Richard Albert, who lives right on the Canadian border. Like the other half-dozen people of Township 15, crossing the border is a daily occurrence for Albert. The nearby Quebec village of St. Pamphile is where they shop, eat and go to church.

There are many such situations in these areas along the largely unguarded 5,530-mile border between Canada and the US-which in some cases actually runs down the middle of streets or through buildings.

As a result, Albert says he did not expect any problems three weeks ago when he returned home to the US after attending church in Canada, as usual. The US customs（海关）station in this area is closed on Sundays, so be just drove around the locked gate, as he had done every weekend since the gate appeared last May, following a tightening of border security. Two days later. Albert was told to go to the customs office, where an officer told him be had been caught on carnera crossing the border illegally（非法）.

Ottawa has given out special passes to some 300 US citizens in that area so they can enter the country when Canadian customs stations are closed, but the US stopped a similar program last May. That forces the people to a 200-mile detour along hilly roads to get home through another border checkpoint.

Albert has requested that the customs office change their decisions on the fine, but he has not attended a Sunday church since. “I feel like I’m living in a prison,” he said.

59．We learn from the text that Richard Albert is .

A．an American living in Township 15

B．a Canadian living in a Quebec village

C．a Canadian working in a customs station

D．an American working in a Canadian church

60．Albert was fined because he .

A．failed to obey traffic rules B．broke the American security rules

C．worked in St. Pamphile without a pass D．damaged the gate of the customs office

61．The underlined word “detour” in paragraph 5 means .

A．a drive through the town B．a race across the fields

C．a roundabout way of travelling D．a journey in the mountain area

62．What would be the best title for the text?

A．A Cross-country Trip B．A Special Border Pass

C．An Unguarded Border D．An Expensive Church Visit

2. [全国II. B]

The days of elderly women doing nothing but cooking huge meals on holidays are gone. Enter the Red Hat Society －a group holding the belief that old ladies should have fun.

“My grandmothers didn’t do anything but keep house and serve everybody. They were programmed to do that,” said Emils Comette, head of a chapter of the 7-year-old Red Hat Society.

While men have long spent their time fishing and playing golf, women have sometimes seemed to become unnoticed as they age. But the generation now turning 50 is the baby boomers(生育高峰期出生的人), and the same people who refused their parents’ way of being young are now trying a new way of growing old.

If you take into consideration feminism(女权主义), a bit of spare money, and better health for most elderly, the Red Hat Society looks almost inevitable(必然的). In this society, women over 50 wear red hats and purple(紫色的) clothes, while the women under 50 wear pink hats and light purple clothing.

“The organization took the idea from a poem by Jenny Joseph that begins: “When I am an old woman, I shall wear purple. With a red hat which doesn’t go,” said Ellen Cooper, who founded the Red Hat Society in 1998. When the ladies started to wear the red hats, they attracted lots of attention.

“The point of this is that we need a rest from always doing something for someone else,” Cooper said. “Women feel so ashamed and sorry when they do something for themselves.” This is why chapters are discouraged from raising money or doing anything useful. “We’re a ladies’ play group. It couldn’t be more simple,” added Cooper’s assistant Joe Heywood.

44．The underlined word “chapter” in paragraph 2 means __________.

A．one branch of an organization B．a written agreement of a club

C．one part of a collection of poems D．a period in a society’s history

45．From the text , we know that the “baby boomers” are a group of people who

A．have gradually become more noticeable

B．are worried about getting old too quickly

C．are enjoying a good life with plenty of money to spend

D．tried living a different life from their parents when they were young

46．It could be inferred from the text that members of the Red Hat Society are .

A．interested in raising money for social work

B．programmers who can plan well for their future

C．believers in equality between men and women

D．good at cooking big meals and taking care of others

47．Who set up the Red Hat Society ?

A．Emily Cornette . B．Ellen Cooper . C．Jenny Joseph . D．Joe Heywood .

48．Women join the Red Hat Society because .

A．they want to stay young

B．they would like to appear more attractive

C．they would like to have fun and live for themselves

D．they want to be more like their parents

3. [山东 A.]

Last August, Joe and Mary Mahoney began looking at colleges for their 17-year-old daughter, Maureen. With a checklist of criteria in hand, the Dallas family looked around the country visiting half a dozen schools. They sought a university that offered the teenager’s intended major, one located near a large city, and a campus where their daughter would be safe.

“The safety issue is a big one,” says Joe Mahoney, who quickly discovered he wasn’t alone in his worries. On campus tours other parents voiced similar concerns, and the same question was always asked: what about crime? But when college officials always gave the same answer - “That’s not a problem here.” - Mahoney began to feel uneasy.

“No crime whatsoever?” comments Mahoney today. “I just don’t buy it.” Nor should he: in 1999 the U.S. Department of Education had reports of nearly 400,000 serious crimes on or around our campuses. “Parents need to understand that times have changed since they went to colleges,” says David Nichols, author of Creating a Safe Campus. “Campus crime mirrors the rest of the nation.”

But getting accurate information isn’t easy. Colleges must report crime statistics （统计数字) by law, but some hold back for fear of bad publicity, leaving the honest ones looking dangerous. “The truth may not always be obvious,” warns S. Daniel Carter of Security on Campus, Inc., the nation’s leading campus safety watchdog group.

To help concerned parents, Carter promised to visit campuses and talk to experts around the country to find out major crime issues and effective solutions.

56. The Mahoneys visited quite a few colleges last August ______.

A. to express the opinions of many parents

B. to choose a right one for their daughter

C. to check the cost of college education

D. to find a right one near a large city

57. It is often difficult to get correct information on campus crime because some colleges

______.

A. receive too many visitors B. mirror the rest of the nation

C. hide the truth of campus crime D. have too many watchdog groups

58. The underlined word “buy” in the third paragraph means ______.

A. mind B. admit C. believe D. expect

59. We learn from the text that “the honest ones” in the fourth paragraph most probably

refers to colleges ______.

A. that are protected by campus security B. that report campus crimes by law

C. that are free from campus crime D. the enjoy very good publicity

60. What is the text mainly about?

A. Exact campus crime statistics. B. Crimes on or around campuses.

C. Effective solutions to campus crime. D. concerns about kids’ campus safety.

4. [安徽 A.]

More American people take their troubles with them on holiday, according to a new survey. Although 40 percent said that the main reason for going away is to escape pressure (压力) from work, almost all said they worry more than they do at home. Only four in every 100 said that they are happy and free of care.

The most common worry is burglary ( 入室盗窃) , with four out of 10 worrying about their homes being broken into while they’re abroad. More than a quarter fear they will feel crazy with some other noisy and rough holiday-makers and 22 percent worry they may be attacked or their possessions will be missing. One in five think the car may break down; and the same number worry about the chances of bad weather.

The survey also showed that the stay-at-home Americans are no more. Three out of every five want to have a holiday abroad, a great increase from the figures only three years ago. The hotel holiday is still a winner, with about one third of all Americana preferring to go on a self-catering ( 自助 ) holiday.

56. The underlined word “survey” in the first paragraph most probably means ______.

A. research B. review C. exhibition D. examination

57. According to the text, about ______ of people worry more on holiday than when they are at home.

A. 25% B. 40% C. 80% D. 95%

58. The third most common worry of American holiday-makers is that they may ______.

A. be attacked or lose their possessions B. have problems with their cars on the road

C. have bad weather on holiday D. get mixed with some rough fellow holiday-makers

59. Where do American holiday-makers like to stay most?

A. At a hotel. B. In a quiet place.

C. At a friend's house. D. Where they can cook for themselves.

5. [湖北D]

Thirteen vehicles lined up last March to race across the Mojave Desert , seeking a million in prize money . To win , they had to finish the 142-mile race in less than 10 hours . Teams and watchers knew there might be no winner at all , because these vehicles were missinge a key part drivers .

DARPA , the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency , organized the race as part of a push to develop robotic vehicles for future battlefields . But the Grand Challenge , as it was called , just proved how difficult it is to get a car to speed across an unfamiliar desert without human guidance . One had its brake lock up in the starting area . Another began by throwing itself onto a wall . Another got tied up by bushes near the road after 1.9 miles .

One turned upside down . One took off in entirely the wrong direction and had to be disabled by remote (远距离的) control . One went a little more than a mile and rushed into a fence ; another managed to go for six miles but stuck on a rock . The “winner,” if there was any , reached 7.8 miles before it ran into a long , narrow hole , and the front wheels caught on fire .

“You get a lot of respect for natural abilities of the living things,” says Reinhold Behringer , who helped design two of the car-size vehicles for a company called Sci-Autonics . “Even ants (蚂蚁) can do all these tasks effortlessly . It’s very hard for us to put these abilities into our machines .”

The robotic vehicles , though with necessary modern equipment such as advanced computers and GPS guidance , had trouble figuring out fast enough the blocks ahead that a two-year-old human recognizes immediately , Sure , that very young child, who has just only learned to walk , may not think to wipe apple juice off her face , but she already knows that when there’s a cookie in the kitchen she has to climb up the table , and that when she gets to the cookie it will taste good . She is more advanced , even months old , than any machine humans have designed .

67．Watchers doubted if any of the vehicles could finish the race because .

A．they did not have any human guidance

B．the road was not familiar to the drivers

C．the distance was too long for the vehicles

D．the prize money was unattractive to the drivers

68．DARPA organized the race in order to .

A．raise money for producing more robotic vehicles

B．push the development of vehicle industry

C．train more people to drive in the desert

D．improve the vehicles for future wars

69．From the passage we know “robotic vehicles” are a kind of machines that .

A．can do effortlessly whatever tasks living thing can

B．can take part in a race across 142 miles with a time limit

C．can show off their ability to turn themselves upside down

D．can move from place to place without being driven by human beings

70．In the race , the greatest distance one robotic vehicle covered was .

A．about eight miles B．six miles

C．almost two miles D．about one mile

71．In the last paragraph , the writer implies that there is a long way to go .

A．for a robotic vehicle to finish a 142-mile race without any difficulties

B．for a little child who has just learned to walk to reach the cookie on the table

C．for a robotic vehicle to deal with a simple problem that a little child can solve

D．for a little child to understand the importance of wiping apple juice off its face

6. [湖南.B]

Collections were the inspiration(灵感) for a project at Thomas Tallis School, which formed part of the Imagine Children's Literature Festival last autumn. Each child (aged 12-13) beatified a box and wrote a story on the subject of collections to throw inside it. The boxes were spread within the Royal Festival Hall's Ballroom. Some were left empty to encourage visitors to write their own stories.

The subject chosen by Luren was an imaginative one. “It's a sort of Cinderella (灰姑娘) story,” she told me, inspired by a collection of letters from her cousin, In the story these become love letters, burned by a cruel stepmother. Lauren's best friend Charlotte is the stepmother. “I'm in Charlotte's story too,” says Lauren, “and I get run over.” Charlotte's tale was inspired by the girls' coin collection. “We've collected foreign coins for years – since our families went on holiday to Tenerife.” she explains. “That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in.” Lauren continues: “I find a coin in the road, go to get it and get run over. I'm in hospital and then I die.” Charlotte adds: “Or she might not die. I haven't decided yet.”

Millie Murray, who is a teen-novel author, thinks that setting the subject of collections was a useful inspiration to their creativity rather than a restriction(限制). “In the beginning I thought, 'Will the children be able to do it?'” she says. “But it's been fruitful. Some have their own collection, some have parents who do, and some have written complete stories. It's made them think about something they wouldn't have otherwise, which can only be a good thing.”

59. What were the children asked to do in the project?

A. To meet friends at Thomas Tallis School

B. To write stories on the subject of collections.

C. To encourage visitors to write their own stories.

D. To have their friends for characters in the stories.

60. The underlined word “pesetas” in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _____.

A. story B. collection C. inspiration D. foreign coin

61. From the stories by Lauren and Charlotte, we know that _____ .

A. Charlotte hurt herself when getting a coin

B. both of them developed their imagination

C. both of them will die in each other's stories

D. Latwen's cousin posted her some love letters

62. Millie Murray thinks ________.

A. collections could inspire writing creativity

B. it was good for parents to have collections

C. inspirations were very useful in writing stories

D. setting collection subjects restricted inspirations

7. [江西 D]

The tea gardens in Sri Lanka are actually large estates(种植园). The best tea usually comes from plants grown on high grounds, the cool hilltops with rows and rows of tea plants. The plants are about one metre apart. The plant is often pruned so that it remains only 60 to 90 centimetres high. Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves. It is from these shoots that the best tea is got.

Practically all the tea pickers are women. The estates prefer to employ women pickers because they are more careful. Their thin fingers can easily remove the twin leaves and new shoots from the plant, which are the parts used for processing(加工) tea. The pickers carry large baskets into which they throw their pickings. A skilled worker can harvest between 9 to 14 kilogrammes of tea leaves a day. Usually new shoots can be picked from the plants about every ten or fifteen days.

Processing tea shoots into the familiar dry tea leaves requires great care and skill .There are various methods of processing depending on the type of tea required .For black tea ,the young green leaves are first spread out o shelves to dry. This process removes much of its water and the leaves become soft. After this ,the leaves are passed through heavy rollers .This operation will press the leaves for juices which give the tea both its colour and taste .Then the leaves are spread out on floors and left to ferment （发酵）under wet conditions. Fermentation develops the rich taste of black tea .The fermented leaves are then dried with a hot-air blower until they become rolled-up black leaves .The final step is to sort and grade them before the black tea is ready for sale to countries all over the world.

68．In the first paragraph ,the word “pruning” means .

A．regular cutting of the plants

B．frequent watering

C．regular use of chemicals

D．growing the plants high in the mountain

69．One of the reasons why women are employed to do the picking is that .

A．they work harder than men do in the picking

B．they can throw their pickings more easily into the baskets

C．their fingers fit them better for the job.

D．they can more easily find the twin leaves.

70．How many processing steps are mentioned in the last paragraph?

A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six.

71．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To introduce various methods of tea processing.

B．To persuade readers to buy tea from Sri Lanka.

C．To tell a story that had happened in the tea gardens.

D．To inform readers of tea growing ,picking and processing.

8. [江苏。C]

The Sahara Festival is a celebration of the very recent past. The three-day event is not fixed to the same dates each year, but generally takes place in November or December. It is well attended by tourists, but even better attended by locals.

During the opening ceremonies, after the official greetings from the government leaders, people who attend the festival begin to march smartly before the viewing stands, and white camels transport their riders across the sands. Horsemen from different nations display their beautiful clothes and their fine horsemanship. One following another, groups of musicians and dancers from all over the Sahara take their turn to show off their wonderful traditional culture. Groups of men in blue and yellow play horns and beat drums as they dance in different designs. On their knees in the sand, a group of women in long dark dresses dance with their hair: their long, dark, shiny hair is thrown back and forth in the wind to the rhythm of their dance.

The local and visiting Italian dogs are anxious to run after hares. The crowd is on its feet for the camel races. Camels and riders run far into the distance, and then return to the finish Line in front of the cheering people.

Towards the evening, there comes the grand finale of the opening day, an extremely exciting horserace. All the riders run very fast on horseback. Some riders hang off the side of their saddles. Some even ride upside down -- their legs and feet straight up in the air -- all at full speed. Others rush down the course together, men arm in arm, on different horses. On and on they went. SO fast and so wonderful!

64. The Sahara Festival is a festival which________.

A. has a very long history in North Africa

B. is held in the same place on the same day

C. is attended mainly by the people in the Sahara

D. is celebrated mostly by travelers from different countries

6 5. Before the races begin, ________ take part in the activities during the opening ceremonies.

A. musicians, dancers, horses and hares

B. camel riders, musicians, dogs and hares

C. horseme.n, dancers, camels and dogs

D. musicians, offi~:ials, camels and horses

56. The underlined word “finale” in the fourth paragraph most probably means the ________of the

opening day.

A. f'irst part B. middle C. last part D. whole

67. This passage mainly tells readers_______.

A. what happens on the opening day of the Sahara Festival

B. how people celebrate during the three-day Sahara Festival

C. what takes place at the closing ceremonies of the Sahara Festival

D. how animals race on the first and the last days of the Sahara Festival

9. [浙江B]

Special Bridges Help Animals Cross the Road

----- Reported by Sheila Carrick

Why did the chicken cross the road? To get to the other side.

Most people know this joke. But recently, some people have been much more concerned with how the grizzly bear and mountain lion can cross the road.

Millions of animals die each year on U.S. roads, the Federal Highway Administration reports. In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. The main reason? Roadkill.

“Ecopassages” may help animals cross the road without being hit by cars. They are paths both over and under roads. “These ecopassages can be extremely useful, so that wildlife can avoid human conflicts,” said Jodi Hilty of the Wildlife Conservation Society.

But do animals actually use the ecopassages? The answer is yes. Paul Beier of Northern Arizona University found foot marks left by mountain lions on an ecopassage that went under a highway. This showed that the lion used the passage.

Builders of some ecopassages try to make them look like a natural part of an area by planting trees on and around them. Animals seem to be catching on. Animals as different as salamanders and grizzly bears are using the bridges and underpasses.

The next time you visit a park or drive through an area with a lot of wildlife, look around. You might see an animal overpass!

45. The writer uses the example of “ocelots” to show that_________.

A．wild animals have become more dangerous

B．the driving conditions have improved greatly

C．the measure for protecting wildlife fails to work

D．an increasing number of animals are killed in road accidents

46. From the news story, we know an ecopassage is_________.

A．an underground path for cars B．a fence built for the safety of the area

C．a bridge for animals to get over a river D．a pass for animals to cross the road

47. When the writer says that animals seem “to be catching on”, he means_________.

A．animals begin to realize the dangers on the road

B．animals begin to learn to use ecopassages

C．animals are crossing the road in groups

D．animals are increasing in number

48. The writer asks visitors and drivers to look around when traveling because_________.

A．wild animals may attack cars B．wild animals may jam the road

C．they may see wild animals in the park D．they may see wild animals on ecopassages

10. [福建C]

Walk through the Amazon rainforest today and you will find it is steamy ,warm ,damp and thick .But if you had been around 15,000 years ago, during the last ice age ,would it have been the same ?For more than 30 years, scientists have been arguing about how rainforests like the Amazon might have reacted（反应）to the cold ,dry climates of the ice ages ,but until now ,no one has reached a satisfying answer.

Rainforests like the Amazon are important for mopping up CO2 from the atmosphere and helping to slow global warming . Currently the trees in the Amazon take in around 500 million tonnes of CO2 each year; equal to the total amount of CO2 giving off in the UK each year. But how will the Amazon react to future climate change? If it gets drier ,will it still survive and continue to draw down CO2 ?Scientists hope that they will be able to learn in advance how the rainforest will manage in the future by understanding how rainforests reacted to climate change in the past.

Unfortunately ,getting into the Amazon rainforest and collecting information are very difficult .To study past climate ,scientists need to look at fossilized pollen ,kept in lake muds .Going back to the last ice age means drilling deep down into lake sediments （沉淀物）,which requires specialized equipment and heavy machinery .There are very few roads and paths ,or places to land helicopters and aeroplanes .Rivers tend to be the easiest way to enter the forest ,but this still leaves vast ares between the rivers completely unsampled（未取样）.So far ,only a handful of cores have been drilled that go back to the last ice age and none of them provide enough information to prove how the Amazon rainforest reacts to climate change.

64．The underlined phrase “mopping up” in the second paragraph means .

A．cleaning up B．taking in C．wiping out D．giving out

65．How will the Amazon rainforest react to future climate change?

A．It’ll get drier and continue to remove CO2 .

B．It’ll remain steamy ,warm ,damp and thick .

C．It’ll get warmer and then colder and drier.

D．There is no exact answer up to present.

66．What’s the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．It’s important to drill deep down into lake sediments to collect information.

B．It’s impossible to prove how climate changes in the Amazon rainforest.

C．It’s hard to collect information for studies of the past climate in the Amazon rainforest.

D．It’s necessary to have specialized equipment and machinery to study the past climate.

67．The best title for this passage may probably be .

A．Studies of the Amazon B．Climates of the Amazon

C．Secrets of the Rainforests D．Changes of the Rainforests

11. [广东B]

Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power,

commands respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership

skills can't be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.

Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?

Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance

from others is to treat them like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity (慷慨) that's never forgotten.

Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism (批评) , which often

hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees.

“Catch people doing something right!” he says. Then tell everyone about it.

Take informed risks. “ The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thoughtless exercise,”

says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz. “Sky divers don't go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes (降落伞) beforehand. ”

Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait

for others to take charge. But if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail - and not die a

thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.

Encourage enthusiasm (热情). “When people understand the importance of work, they lend

their mental strengths,” says Lee Ducat. But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job. That's a great force! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be enthusiastic your-self - You will be followed by everyone.

60. The underlined word “cultivated” (paragraph 1) roughly means _______.

A. encouraged

B. compared

C. examined

D. developed

61. The part Always give credit tells us that a leader should _______.

A. give helpful criticism

B. regard others as real heroes

C. praise people for their good performances

D. praise everyone

62. To be a good leader, you should _______.

A. not be afraid of any risks

B. think twice before taking risks

C. try to avoid any possible failures

D. know what a thoughtless exercise is

63. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A. Leadership Is of Skills and Techniques

B. Leadership Is Very Important

C. Not Many Can Be Leaders

D. How to Be a Leader

12. [重庆D]

Everyone should visit a lighthouse at least once.

The most important reason for such a visit is to realize how our ancestors (祖先) battled nature with the basic tools they had. “They had only basic ways of creating light, and yet they found a way of using this simple technology in isolated(孤零零的) places to save ships from hitting rocks.

Secondly, visiting lighthouses will help us to understand the lives of lighthouse keepers. By their very nature, lighthouses were built on some rocks or cliffs. Thus, the lighthouse keepers often lived lonely lives. To walk around their small home and imagine the angry storm outside beating against the walls, is to take a step towards understanding the lives they had.

The reasons for a visit to a lighthouse are not all so backward-looking in time. It is true that lighthouses were built in out-of-the-way places. But on a pleasant sunny summer day, this very isolation has a natural beauty that many people will love to experience. Therefore, with the gentle waves touching all round the lighthouse, the visitor is likely to think it 13 a world preferable to the busy and noisy modem life.

Another reason for considering a visit is that the lighthouses themselves can be very attractive buildings. Mankind could often not be content just to put up a basic structure, but felt the need, even in such an isolated place, to build with an artistic touch. The result is a view for tired eyes to enjoy.

Finally, lighthouses have a romantic attraction, summed up by the image of the oil-skin coaled keeper climbing his winding stairs to take care of the light to warn ships and save lives,

67. What is the reason to look back into the past of a lighthouse?

A. To escape from the busy and noisy city.

B. To look for die tools used by our ancestors.

C. To experience the natural beauty of a lighthouse.

D. To learn about the living condition of lighthouse keepers.

68. The underlined phrase ”out-of-the-way“ in Paragraph 4 means

A. far-away B. dangerous C. ancient D .secret

69. Lighthouses were often built with an artistic touch _________

A. to attract visitors B. to guide passing ships

C. to give a pleasant sight D. to remember lighthouse keepers

70. How many reasons are mentioned for a visit to a Hothouse?

A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six,

13. [上海B.]

“Come in, Kim. Have a seat, please,” said Bill Williams, the manager. “this was Kim's first experience with an assessment. After only six months he was due for a raise if this assessment was satisfactory.

“Kim,” began Bill Williams, “I am very pleased with the quality of your work. I have nothing but praise for your devotion and your hard work. My only concern is that you are not active enough in putting forward your suggestions.”

“But,” replied Kim, “I have always completed every assignment you have given me. Mr. Williams.”

“I know that, Kim. And please, call me Bill. But what I expect is for you to think independently and introduce new ideas. I need more input from you-more feedback on how things are going. I don’t need a “yes man”. You never tell me what you think. You just smile as though everything is fine.”

“But,” said Kim, “I feel that since you are my superior, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do.”

“I’m not asking you to tell me what to do, but what you think we could do. To make suggestions, I employed you because I respect your experience in this field, but you are not communicating your thoughts to me.”

“Yes. I see. I’m not accustomed to this, but I will try to do as you say…Bill.”

“Good, then, I expect to hear more from you at staff meetings or at any other time you want to discuss an idea with me.”

“Yes, of course. Thank you, Mr. Will…Bill.”

69. Kim is the sort of employee who_______.

A. does not speak out his own ideas B. is not devoted to the job

C. laughs too much over work D. can not finish his work on time

70. The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “_____”.

A. full of respect B. too confident and rude

C. lacking in experience D. too shy and quiet

14. [天津E.]

No one can fail to stand in awed ( 令人敬畏的 ) admiration of the great discoveries of history-Newton' s laws of motion; Kepler' s principles of planetary movement, Einstein' s general theory of relativity. Equally awe-inspiring are artistic creations in painting, theatre, music and literature, which have also been brought about by discovery through personal efforts. What do these extraordinary achievements of well-known scientists and artists have to do with problem solving?

A great scientific discovery or a great work of art is surely the result of problem-solving activity. The solution to a problem, we are told, often comes to thinkers in a “flash of insight (顿悟)，although they may have been turning the problem over in their minds for some time. As a particular form of problem solving, these creative acts are based on the broad knowledge gained in the past, whether this be of the ``public” sort known to science, or of the “private” sort known to the artist.

Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this.. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable (可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves (涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation into a solution situation. As we have seen, everyday discovery also requires that the learner have the knowledge of the rules gained in the past, which is involved in the solution.

52. Newton, Kepler and Einstein are mentioned in the first paragraph to_______.

A. bring about the subject of the discussion

B. explain that scientists are more creative

C. show the difference between science and arts

D. prove that arts require more personal efforts

53. While knowledge from the past plays an important role in their achievements, thinkers sometimes also depend on their______.

A. artistic tastes

B. sudden insight

C. admiration of discoveries

D. scientific experiments

54. What does the underlined word “this” refer to?

A. Great contributions to the society

B. Long-time study of the subject matter.

C. Various statements about problem solving.

D. Complete devotion to artistic creation.

55. We may conclude from the passage that ______.

A. it is more likely to make scientific and artistic discoveries in everyday learning.

B. a sudden insight and knowledge from the past are required in making discoveries

C. scientific discoveries or artistic creations are usually unpredictable in nature

D. knowledge of the rules in the past is often developed in the changes of situation

15. [北京D]

Language as a System of Symbols

Of all systems of symbols (符号), language is the most highly developed. It has been pointed out that human beings, by agreement, can make anything stand for anything. Human beings have agreed, in the course of centuries of mutual (相互的)dependency, to let the various noises that they can produce with their lungs, throats, tongues, teeth, and lips systematically stand for certain happenings in their nervous systems. We call that system of agreements language.

There is no necessary connection between the symbol and that which it stands for. Just as social positions can be symbolized by feathers worn on the head, by gold on the watch chain, or by a thousand other things according to the culture we live in, so the fact of being hungry can be symbolized by a thousand different noises according to the culture we live in.

However obvious these facts may appear at first glance, they are actually not so obvious as they seem except when we take special pains to think about the subject. Symbols and the things they stand for are independent of each other, yet we all have a way of feeling as if, and sometimes acting as if, there were necessary connections. For example, there are people who feel that foreign languages are unreasonable by nature: foreigners have such funny names for things, and why can’t they call things by their right names? This feeling exhibits itself most strongly in those English and American tourists who seem to believe that they can make the natives of any country understand English if they shout loud enough. Like the little boy who is reported to have said: “Pigs are called pigs because they are such dirty animals,” they feel that the symbol is inherently (内在地) connected in some way with the things symbolized.

69. Language is a highly developed system of symbols because human beings _________.

A. have made use of language for centuries

B. use our nervous systems to support language

C. have made various noises stand for any events

D. can make anything stand for anything by agreement

70. What can we conclude from Paragraph 2?

A. Different noises may mean different things.

B. Our culture determines what a symbol stands for.

C. The language we use symbolizes our social positions.

D. Our social positions determine the way we are dressed.

71. In Paragraph 3, “take special pains” probably means “_________”.

A. try very hard B. take our time

C. are very unhappy D. feel especially painful

72. The example of the little boy is used to show that _________.

A. adults often learn from their young

B. “pig” is a dirty word because pigs are dirty

C. words are not connected with the things they stand for

D. people sometimes have wrong ideas about how language works

16. [北京春. E.]

T-shirts out; uniforms in

School uniforms are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A.That’s no surprise,because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that come from clothing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will not

pay too much attention to their clothing, and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.

Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule - wanting to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers; school uniforms tear those barriers down.

As in other places, uniforms remind the wearers of their purposes and duties.For example, when a man or woman puts on a police uniform, he or she becomes,for a time, the symbol (象征) of law and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets.People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.

Some parents are unhappy about uniforms, saying that school uniforms will affect their children’s “creativity.” First, as noted above, the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality (个性). They just copy their classmates. Second, students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While they’re in school, their job is to master reading, writing, and maths;this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.

72. In Paragraph 1, the word “benefits” probably means .

A. tasks B. messages C. differences D. advantages

Key:

1． A. B. C. D.

2． A. D. C. B. C.

3． B. C. C. B. D.

4． A. D. A. A.

5． A. D. D. A. C.

6． B. D. B. A.

7． A. C. C. D.

8． C. D. C. A.

9． D. D. B. D.

10． B. D. C.

11． D. C. B. D.

12． D. A. C. C.

13． A. B. D.

14． A. B. B. B.

15． D. B. A. D.

16． D.

篇2：高三高考阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧

作者：籍万杰 王金龙

近几年的高考阅读理解题越来越重视对考生猜词悟义能力的考查,一般有二至三个小题是直接考查词义猜测的。这主要考查考生根据上下文推测生词短语的能力,突出考查语境的分析和把握能力。本文结合高考试题谈一谈如何猜测词的意思。

一、根据上下文情景进行猜测

猜测任何词义都离不开上下文的语境,所以可借助上下文语境对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。

1. (全国卷I,B篇) 62. The underlined word “Change” in the second paragraph means _______.

A. Idea B. Decision C. Cups D. Coins

[原文] So she made it easy, placing cups in rooms where students could leave their spare coins, and handing out cups to first-year students to keep in their rooms. Her “Change for Change” effort has collected $ 40,000 for charities(慈善机构) , which were decided upon by students.

[解析]根据上文她把杯子放在学生宿舍里收集硬币,以及下文中谈到已经为慈善机构募集到了$ 40,000可知,Change应是Coins(硬币)。答案为D。

二、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测

英语中代词使用得比较频繁,文章中的代词one, it, that, he, him 或them等可以指上文提到的人或事物。有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远,要认真查找;有时需要对前面提到的内容进行总结,才能得出代词所指代的事。

2. (20全国卷III,C篇) 65. The underlined word “one” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ________.

A. the President B. the director

C. an actor D. a look-alike

[原文] The president has started using look-alikes during some public appearances. Dave is offered a chance to “serve his country” by becoming one.

[解析]根据前文总统开始在公共场合使用替身(look-alikes),后来Dave有机会成为了其中的一员可以猜测出one应该是a look-alike。答案为D。

三、根据同义关系进行猜测

当词或短语之间有并列连词and 或or时,其连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域,由此可推知其大致意思。

3. (2004年重庆卷,C篇) 66. The underlined word “conflict” in the second letter means ________.

A. dependent life B. fierce fight

C. bad manners D. painful feeling

[原文] And if you've gathered your friends around you to rebuild a happy family atmosphere(气氛), you may fear that saying no will bring back the kind of conflict you grew up with-or destroy the nice atmosphere you now enjoy.

[解析] 由破折号后的or可知,前后两句的意思相近,再结合两封信的内容可知,她不想失去或破坏这个友好氛围,否则就又让她回到以前的“冲突”中。答案为B。

四、根据同位关系进行猜测

阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语,对其进行解释,这时可利用同位关系对前面或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。

4. (2004年上海卷,C篇) 82. The word “favouritism” in paragraph 3 is used to describe the phenomenon that ________.

A. bright children also need certificates to get satisfying jobs

B. children from well-respected schools tend to have good jobs

C. poor children with certificates are favoured in job markets

D. children attending ordinary schools achieve great success

[原文] Without examinations, employers will look for employees from the highly respected schools and from families known to them-a form of favouritism will replace equality.

[解析] 破折号后的句子是对前面进行解释说明的,二者是同位关系,因此,要猜测favouritism的意思,可从前面句子的意思入手。答案为B。

五、根据转折或对比关系进行猜测

根据上下句的连接词,如but, however, otherwise等就可以看到前后句在意义上的差别,从而依据某一句的含义,来确定另一句的含义。另外,分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。

5. (NMET2002, E篇)74. What does the underlined word “hassle”(paragraph 1) probably mean?

A. a party designed by specialists B. a plan requiring careful thought

C. a situation causing difficulty or trouble

D. a demand made by guests

[原文] A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

[解析] 通过上下句A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.可以看出,hassle和a basket of fun肯定是近乎相反的意义。所以不难判断,答案为C。

篇3：高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题方法

猜测词义时，一般可利用以下四个方面的线索：

一是针对性的解释

针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体，所使用的语言通俗易懂，利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。

1.根据定义（definition）猜测词义

如果生词有一个句子（定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say,  i.g. 等>或是同位语从句）或段落来定义,或使用破折号，冒号，分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义，那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。定义常用的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。

例1.Do you know what a “territory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims（声称）as its own.（湖北卷）

[分析]由定义可推知，这里territory指的是：“动物的地盘”。

例2.In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today．（20浙江卷）

[分析]由同位语an endangered wild cat我们很快猜出生词ocelots的义域：一种濒临灭绝野猫。

例3. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . （2004年福建卷）

According to the passage ,The Pines is a         .

A．place in which you can see many mobile homes

B．mountain where you can get a good view of the valley

C．town which happens to be near the Banff National Park

D．restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food

[分析]通过whose引导的定语从句，我们可以推测到：The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字，由此不难推出理解题的答案为：D。

2.根据举例猜测词义

恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。

例4. The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.（2004年辽宁卷）

[分析]根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子，我们应该能推断出句中的issue 是指“议题”。

二是内在逻辑关系

根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指应用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑联系推断生词词义或大致义域。

1.根据对比、比较关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有：unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。表示对比关系的句子结构：while 引导的并列句。同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有：similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。

例5.A child’s birthday party doesn’t  have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.

What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? （NMET）

A.a party designed by specialists               B.a plan requiring careful thought

C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble       D.a demand made by guests

[分析]根据对比关系，这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义，很容易判断理解题的答案为C。

例6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.

该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系，其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是“健谈的”。

2.根据因果关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中，若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。

例7.feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”

（2005年上海卷）

The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “      ” .

A．full of respect     B．too confident and rude  C．lacking in experience  D．too shy and quiet

[分析]根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容（“既然你是我的上司”），我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是：“冒失的，放肆的”意思，后半句的意思是：我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为：B。

例8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.（2005年江西卷）

根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以判断Pruning的意思是：“修剪（树枝等）”的意思。

3.根据说明、并列、同等同义近义、、反义等关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境所表面的关系猜测词义。

例9.William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn（纱线），good and ill together.” （2005年江苏卷）

The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means     .

A．simple     B．mixed         C．sad           D．happy

[分析]句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了a mingled yarn的意义，据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是：“混合的，交织的”。

例10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. （2004年湖北卷）

[分析]根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系，我们很容易推断出：Johns Hopkins是一家医疗中心。

例11.There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree  with him.

[分析]根据与insult“侮辱”的同等关系猜测defame为“诋毁” ，“中伤”或“诽谤”

例12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.

[分析]运用与football的同义关系推断为“足球”。

例13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.

[分析]运用与The house近义关系可以推断dwelling与住所有关

例14.Most women in China ---educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.

[分析]后面的urban and rural, the young and old之间都有反义关系，运用这个关系可以推断illiterated为“未接受过教育的，即文盲”

三是通过构词法

在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。

1.根据前缀猜测词义

例15.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?

根据词根educational （教育的），结合前缀co-（共同，一起），我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是：“男女同校教育的”意思。（2005年江西卷）

2.根据后缀猜测词义

例16. It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point．（2005年广东卷）

后缀 -ise/ize意思是“使成为…；使…化”，结合词根commercial（商业的），不难猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是：“未被商业化的”。

3.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义

例17.Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well – designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward（别扭的）hand positions.（2005年北京卷）

Well-designed 或许是个生词，但我们分析该词的结构后，就能推测出其含义。它由well （好，优秀）和design （设计）两部分组成，合在一起便是“设计精巧的”意思。

例18. We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft (手艺) no longer exists. （2004年浙江卷）

根据合成词中的mass （大量的）和produce （生产），我们可以推测 mass-produce的意思是：“大批量生产；规模生产”的意思。

4.猜测词性变换新词含义

例19.The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. （2004年山东卷）

head本为名词，表头。由the bus和home的语境逻辑可以推断，该句head为动词，表方向，结合全句可译为“开往、驶向”。

例20.I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. （2004全国卷Ⅱ）

cloud本为名词，表云。分析语境逻辑可知，忧虑会影响一个人的判断，因此该句clouded应译为使难以……。

四是根据生活常识

运用自身的生活经验及生活常识，根据上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。下面文字中划线单词的词义你能猜出来吗？

例21.Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.

例22.Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.

句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们：beaks是“喙”；claws是“爪子”；wither表示“枯萎”。

结合以上指导解下列两道阅读理解题

A

Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye broke, there has been confusion（混淆） over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever.

Sudan?1 is a red industrial dye that has been found in some chilli powder, but was banned in food products across the European Union (EU) in July 2003.

Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled.

Last week Sudan’s Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the dye’s name.

Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan’s Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye.

“We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there,” she said. “Our embassy to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country. But they told us there was no relationship.”

The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy last week.

“They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name,” she said. “People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.”

Sudan dyes, which include Sudan?1 to 4, are red dyes（颜料） used for colouring solvents（溶剂）, oils, waxes, petrol, and shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph one?

A. Causing cancer.    B. Having side effect.    C. Containing poison.    D.Poisonous.

2. How did the Sudan?1 get its name?

A. The dye is often produced in Sudan.

B. The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.

C. Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.

D. Many foods produced in Sudan contain the dye.

3. We can infer from the passage that.

A. the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety

B. Sudan?1 is often used to be added to the food

C. people didn’t realize the danger of Sudan?1 until 2003

D. many food shops will be closed down

4. Which of the following is the best title?

A. Keep away from Sudan?1

B. No Sudan?1 dye links to the country

C. How Sudan?1 dye got its name?

D. Pay attention to the food safety

B

The Man of Many Secrets — Harry Houdini — was one of the greatest American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man famous for his escapes — from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in theaters all over Europe and America. Crowds came to see the great Houdini and his “magic” tricks.

Of course, his secret was not magic or supernatural powers. It was simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he wanted.

Houdini started working in the entertainment world when he was 17, in 1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in club in New York. They called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and assistant. But for a long time they were not very successful. Then Harry performed his first prison escape, in Chicago in 1898. Harry persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and he invited the local newspapermen to watch.

It was the publicity(宣传) that came from this that started Harry Houdini’s success. Harry had fingers trained to escape from handcuffs and toes trained to escape ankle chins. But his biggest secret was how he unlocked the prison doors. Every time he went into the prison cell, Bess gave him a kiss for good luck — and a small skeleton key, which is a key that fits many locks, pass quickly from her mouth to his.

Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. He arranged to escape from the local prison of every town he visited. In the afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would be full. What was the result? World-wild fame, and a name remembered today.

5. According to the passage, Houdini’s success in prison escapes depends on _______.

A. his special tricks and supernatural powers       B. his unusual ability and a skeleton key

C. his magic tricks and unhuman powers                    D. his wisdom and magic tricks

6. In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “this” refers to _______.

A. his first prison escape       B. the year 1898     C. the publicity      D. Harry Houdini’s success

7. It can be inferred from the passage that Houdini became famous _______.

A. in 1894             B. before he married             C. at the age of 17         D. when he was about 24

8. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. A Skeleton Key                           B. A Man of Many Secrets

C. World-wild Fame                          D. Great Escape

A篇【答案与解析】

1. A词义猜测题。根据They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. 可知这个词与癌症有关，故可推出carcinogenic意为“致癌的”。

2. C细节题。根据People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.可知还没有人知道“苏丹红”名称的由来。

3. B推断题。根据EU officials have been striving to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled.可知某些食品因含有“苏丹红”而被召回。故可推断“苏丹红”经常用作食品添加剂。

4. B主旨大意题。根据there has been confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever. 可知本文主要讲“苏丹红”与苏丹这个国家是否有联系的问题，故B最佳。

B篇【答案与解析】本文介绍了Harry Houdini特技成功的经历和方法。

5. B。细节题。根据第4段第2句：Harry把手、脚都训练得很灵活来摆脱手链脚铐及第4句后半部分：妻子通过接吻传给他万能钥匙，可推知此题答案为B。

6. A。单词理解题。根据语境，this指上文所表演的事情：第一次越狱成功。由此可推知此题答案为A。

7. D。推断题。第3段第1句：他步入娱乐圈时是1891年，17岁；倒数第2句：第一次成功是18，时隔七年，应是24岁，可推知此题答案为D

8. D。主旨题。由文章第1段第2句：He was a man famous for his escapes — from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water，可知Harry 因逃脱出名，后面列举的例子谈的是他从监狱成功地逃出，所以答案为D。

篇4：高考阅读理解词义、句义猜测题应试技巧

高考阅读理解中，经常出现一定量的生词，并且每年总有二至四题直接考查词义、句义猜测。这充分体现了《教学大纲》和《考试说明》的要求，意在考查考生根据上下文推测生词短语含义的能力，突出考查语境的分析和把握能力。猜词能力不仅涉及到学生的语言知识水平，还涉及到学生的语言应用能力和综合素质水平。

在阅读理解中，猜测词义、句义题的特点是对生词、短语、指示代词和句子的猜测。

一、常用设问形式：

1.The underlined word“...”refers to(means) ____.

2.Which of the following words can take the place of the word“...”?

3.What is the meaning of“...”as the words are used in the text?

4.Which of the following has the closest meaning to...(paragraph...)?

二、应试技巧

(一)词义猜测题

1.同义法：通常在词或短语之间有并列连词and或or，这些词或短语在句中作相同的成分，并且and或or连接的两项内容在含义上是接近的或递进的,由此确定同等关系中的某个生词所属的义域，甚至推知它的大致词义。

例①(NMET2003,C篇,65)

Fermat's Last Theorem(定理). First put forward by the French mathematician Pierrede Fermat in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique.

65.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the word“baffle”as it is used in the text?

A.To encourage people to raise questions.

B.To cause difficulty in understanding.

C.To providea person with an explanation.

D.To limit people's imagination.

解析:由句中不难看出Fermat的定理使得最具数学头脑的科学家绞尽脑汁(beat)，并且在句中beaten和baffled处于同等并列关系，据此推断出baffle为“使困惑、难倒、难以理解”的意思。故答案为B。

2.反义法：利用反义词说明生词的意义。如反义词hot and cold, give and receive, perfect and imperfect,甚至前、后句为肯定与否定、或是与不是等，在句内词与词之间，在段内句与句之间的关系上起着互为线索的作用。

例②(NMET2002,E篇,74)

A child's birthday party doesn't have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun, according to Beth Anaclerio, an Evaston mother of two, ages 4 and 18 months.

74.What does the under lined word “hassle”probably mean?

A.a party designed by specialists

B.a plan requiring careful thought

C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble

D.a demand made by guests

解析:由前句的否定doesn't与后句的肯定can be这一对比关系，可以推断出,为了庆祝孩子的生日,又不至于麻烦,可以买一个生日开心包。hassle的意思应该与fun相反,而与difficulty, trouble等相近。故答案为C。

3.释义法：在文中的字里行间，对生词以定语(从句)、表语甚至用逗号、破折号等标点符号引出并加以解释说明的方式。

例③(NMET2001,D篇,68)

In 1066 the Norman sled by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language. England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction(区别)between upper-class French and lower-class Anglo-Saxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.

68.Which of the following groups of words are,by inference, rooted in French?

A.president, lawyer, beef

B.president,bread,water

C.bread,field,water

D.folk,field,cow

解析：由English words of politics and the law come from French rather than German.可知英语的政治和法律词汇多来源于法语，所以president, lawyer来源于法语。由meat, at home ready to be cooked, shows the fact that the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.可知英语涉及食品的词汇具有一种特殊的区分：是在农田中放牧饲养的，还是在家庭里屠宰烹饪后端上餐桌的。例如：猪、牛、羊、鹿在放牧饲养时用本族语称为swine,ox,sheep,deer；但在屠宰烹饪后就用法语称呼为pork,beef,mutton,venison。所以beef来源于法语。故答案为A。

4.情景推断法：猜测任何词义都离不开文章的语言情景，词义可以从上下文的具体语言环境中推断出来。

例④(NMET2002,B篇,62)

“Organic produce is always better,”Gold said.“The food is free of pesticides(农药),and you are generally supporting family farms instead of large farms. And more often than not it is locally(本地)grown and seasonal, so it is more tasty.”Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying into the organic trend, and supermarkets across Britain are counting on more like him as they grow their organic food business.

62.What is the meaning of“the organic trend”as the words are used in the text?

A.growing interest in organic food

B.better quality of organic food

C.rising market for organic food

D.higher prices of organic food

解析：由Gold is one of a growing number of shoppers buying...可以推断出，越来越多的顾客像Gold一样开始购买有机食物，其实也就是对这类食物产生了越来越浓厚的兴趣。故答案为A。

5.代词替代法：一般来讲，代词所指代的内容多在这一句话的前后句中。找到指代的内容后把它放在那个代词的位置上，看一看这句话是否合理，与前后的内容是否一致，然后再最后判定它是否为正确答案。

例⑤(NMET2001,C篇,66)

Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in super markets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels(标签)to show that the product is green. Some companies have made the manufacturing(生产)of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

66.The under lined word“it”in the fourth paragraph refers to ____.

A.a selling point

B.the company name

C. a great demand for health foods

D. the manufacturing of green products

解析：只要能分析出句中含有make+名词作宾补的准确语义。就可以得出在广告宣传中的卖点it是the manufacturing of clean and safe products=green products，故答案为D。

(二)句义推测

1.同义法

例⑥(NMET2001,B篇,60)

Holiday makers who are bored with baking beaches and overheated hotel rooms head for a big igloo. Swedish businessman Nile Bergqvist is delighted with his new hotel, the world's first igloo hotel. Built in a small town in Lapland, it has been attracting lots of visitors, but soon the fun will be over.

In two weeks' time Bergqvist's ice creation(作品)will be nothing more than a pool of water.“We don't see it as a big problem,”he says.“We just look forward to replacing it.”

60.When the writer says“the fun will be over,”he refers to the fact that ____.

A.hotel guests will be frightened at the thought of the hard test

B.Bergqvist's hotel will soon become a pool of water

C.holidaymakers will soon get tired of the big igloo

D.a bigger igloo will replace the present one

解析:由文中可以看出,igloo hotel在两周内将不复存在，而变成一泓清水(be nothing more than a pool of water)。游客住进冰屋是一种冒险的体验。A、C、D在文中未出现,故答案为B。

2.因果关系

在上下文中，由从属连词because,since,so等连接。据此，可根据已知的“因”推出未知的“果”。

例⑦(NMET2000,E篇,73)

Excused from recycling(回收利用)because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute(垃圾道)? You won't before long. Miami's Mark Shantzis has made it simple for those living in tall buildings to use the chute and recycle too.

73.When he says“You won't before long”the writer means that____.

A.you'll soon be living in a cleaner building

B.rubbish chutes will become out of date before long

C.you won't wait long for your turn to recycle rubbish

D.it won't belong before you'll have to recycle your rubbish

解析：首先弄懂be excused from意为“被免于做某事”。而Mark Shantzis对垃圾道进行了改造，装上了垃圾分装盒，使居住在高层的人们免于对自家的垃圾分类并进行回收利用。因此，住高层的人们不久也要对垃圾进行分类回收利用了。由于文中未提到高层住宅卫生状况差以及本装置并未过时,而且在对垃圾的回收利用中,不会有轮着哪一家的情况。所以A，B，C皆不对,故答案为D。

3.情景推断法

例⑧(NMET'99,D篇,62)

Maybe ten-year-old Elizabeth, put it best when she said to her father,“But Dad, you can't be healthy if you're dead.”

Dad, in a hurry to get home before dark so he could go for a run, had forgotten to wear his safety belt-a mistake 75% of the US population make everyday. The big question is why.

There have been many myths about safety belts ever since their first appearance in cars some forty years ago.

62.Why did Elizabeth say to her father,“But,Dad, you can't be healthy if you're dead”?

A.He was driving at greatspeed.

B.He was running across the street.

C.He didn't have his safety belt on.

D.He didn't take his medicine on time.

解析：因匆忙回家，忘记系安全带。Elizabeth跟父亲说：“爸，如果人死了就谈不上健康了”可以推知答案为C。

文/李秀东

篇5：高中英语阅读理解词义猜测解题技巧探究

高中英语阅读理解词义猜测解题技巧探究

<英语新课程标准>对阅读教学提出了新的指导思想:学生通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的.学习方法,发挥自己的学习潜能,形成有效的学习策略,提高自主学习的能力;在教学中关注学生情感,提高人文素养,积极向上的情感和自信心会有效地促进自主学习,提高学习效率.

作 者：陈和秋  作者单位：四川省古蔺县中学校,四川,古蔺,646500 刊 名：读写算（教育教学研究） 英文刊名：DUYUXIE 年，卷(期)：2010 “”(7) 分类号： 关键词： 

篇6：高三阅读理解训练 第三章 猜测词义(人教版高考复习英语教案教学设计)

第一课

一、试卷分析

近几年的NMET的阅读理解考项中总有一些考题要测试考生根据上下文和构词法知识猜 出生词词义或旧词具有新意的能力。例如：

1. Which of the following words can take the place of the word “career” in the first paragraph ? (92)

2. The word “he” in the last sentence refers to ______.[NMET92 80]

3. The word “yielded” in the last sentence means _______. [NMET93 73]

4. The underlined phrase “make out” in the first paragraph means ______. [NMET94 70]

5. The underlined words “geothermal energy” in the third paragraph mean ___. [NMET94 78]

6. The underlined word “family” in the second paragraph means _____. [NMET95 71]

7. The underlined word “they” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ____ [NMET96 59]

8. The underlined word “leg” in “Bicycle tour and race” probably means _____. [NMET96 68]

9. The underlined phrase “figure out” in the text means _____. [NMET97 54]

10. The underlined word “one” refers to _____. [NMET97 68]

11. “Act your age” means people should _____. [NMET97 69]

12. The words “Youth Summit” refer to ______. [NMET98 55]

13. When the writer says “Dick Spivak is just an ordinary man”, he means _____. [NMET98 58]

14. What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said “I'm on high”? [NMET99 55]

15. The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to the idea that Computertowns (99)

16.“Professional work” used in the text means _______. [NMET99 69]

17. Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse”?[NMET2000 61]

18. Spundels and ballalators are used in the text to refer to _________.[NMET2000 65]

由此可见，高考对考生推测词义的能力是非常重视的。这就要求我们在阅读时要通过上下文交代的内容做出合乎逻辑的推理。在必要时，做些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。

一般说来，这种题型的题干部分总含有mean, refer to的字样。做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们熟悉的词千万不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。例如95年的71题：The underlined word “family” in the second paragraph means _____.

A. home B. children C. wife and husband D. wife and children

“family”是我们很熟悉的词了，意为“家庭”，但以这个意思理解family的话，我们就无法选择答案了。但是，如果我们结合上下文“The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof.”就很容易看出family其实指的是“children子女”，所以答案应该是B。

因此，考生不仅要知道常用词的意思，更要知道其灵活变化的意思。 在阅读理解测试中，常见的考查这种技能的题型有：

1． The word “...” in line ... most nearly means _____.

2． The word “...” in line ... probably means _____.

3． In line ..., the word “...” refers to _____.

4． In line ..., the word “...” could best be replaced by which of the following?

5． The word “...” as used in line ... in this passage means _____.

6． The word “...” as used in line ... is closest in meaning to ____.

7． In line ..., “...” could properly be replaced by ____.

8． By “...”, the author means _____.

二、基本训练

In America, where labor costs are so high, “do-it-yourself” is a way of life. Many people repair their own cars, build their own garages, even remodel their own houses. Soon they may also be writing their own books. In Hollywood there is a company that publishes children's books with the help of computers. Although other book companies also publish that way, this particular company is very unusual.It “personalizes” the books by having computer make the reader the leading character in the story. Here is how they do it. Let us say your child is named Jenny. She lives on Oak Drive in St. Louis, has a dog named Spot, a cat named Tabby, and three playmates whose names are Betsy, Sandy, and Jody. The computer uses this information to fill out a story that has already been prepared and illustrated（配上插图）. The story is then printed with standard equipment as a hard- cover book. A child who receives such a book might say, “This book is about me.” Therefore the company calls itself the “Me- Books Publishing Company”. Children like the me- books because they like to see in print their own names and the namesof their friends and pets. But more important, “personalization” had been found to be an important tool in developing enthusiasm for reading.

Question: Here “fill out a story” means ______.

A. complete a story B. make full a story

C. tell a story D. invent a story

三、高考实战 （高考阅读试题）

We walked in so quietly that the nurse at the desk didn't even lift her eyes from the book. Mum pointed at a big chair by the door and I knew she wanted me to sit down. While I watched mouth open is surprise, Mum took off her hat and coat and gave them to me to hold. She walked quietly to the small room by the lift and took out a wet mop. She pushed the mop past the desk and as the nurse looked up, Mum nodded and said, “Very dirty floors. ”

“Yes, I'm glad they've finally decided to clean them, ”the nurse answered. She looked at Mum strangely and said, “But aren't you working late?”

Mum just pushed harder, each swipe(拖一下)of the mop taking her farther and farther down the

hall. I watched until she was out of sight and the nurse had turned back to writing in the big book.

After a long time Mum came back. Her eyes were shining. She quickly put the mop back and took

my hand. As we turned to go out of the door, Mum bowed politely to the nurse and said, “Thank you.”

Outside, Mum told me, “Dagmar is fine. No fever. ”

“You saw her, Mum?”

“Of course. I told her about the hospital rules, and she will not expect us until tomorrow. Dad will

stop worrying as well. It's a fine hospital. But such floors! A mop is no good. You need a brush.”

51. When she took a mop from the small room what Mum really wanted to do was .

A. to clean the floor B. to please the nurse

B. to see a patient D. to surprise the story-teller

52. When the nurse talked to Mum she thought Mum was a .

A. nurse B. visitor

C. patient D. cleaner

53. After reading the story what can we infer about the hospital?

A. It is a children's hospital.

B. It has strict rules about visiting hours.

C. The conditions there aren't very good.

D. The nurses and doctors there don't work hard.

54. From the text we know that Dagmar is most likely

A. the story-teller's sister B. Mum's friend

C. the story-teller's classmate D. Dad's boss

55. Which of the following words best describes Mum?

A. strange B. warm-hearted

C. clever D. hard-working

When you want to see if a library has the book you want, you can use the catalogue(目录)in the

library. Most catalogues of books in a library take the form of small cards kept in boxes. One way of arranging(排列)the cards is in ABC order by the family names of the writers.

Catalogue cards usually give the following important information:(1)the name of the writer, (2)the

shelf-mark(架号), that is, the Dewey number which helps people to find where the books are, (3)the title of the book, (4)the year of publication and the publisher, and (5) the number of pages in the book.

56. If you know the title of a book and want to find out if it is in the catalogue, what else do you need to

know?

A. The shelf-mark. B. The name of the writer.

C. The Dewey number. D. The year of publication.

57. Which of the following is the kind of catalogue card described in the text?

Most animals have little connection with animals of a different kind, unless they hunt them for

food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership(伙伴关系)which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫)on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, they do better together.

Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot

manage without each other. This is so in the corals(珊瑚)of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants which act as “dustman”, taking some of the waste products from the corals and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are even prevented from light so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die.

58. Some birds like to sit on a sheep because .

A. they can eat its parasites

B. they depend on the sheep for existence

C. they enjoy travelling with the sheep

D. they find the position most comfortable

59. The underlined word “they” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to.

A. birds and parasites B. birds and sheep

C. parasites and sheep D. sheep, birds and parasites

60. It can be learnt from the text that the coral depends on the plant for .

A. comfort B. light

C. food D. oxygen

61. What does the second paragraph mainly discuss?

A. Some animals and plants depend on each other for existence.

B. Some animals and plants develop their relationship easily.

C. Some plants depend on each other for food.

D. Some animals live better together.

In the 19th century England people liked to go to the seaside. In those days, ladies wore long

bathing dresses, and men wore bathing suits. Women did not walk about on the beach(沙滩) in their bathing dresses. They hired a bathing machine. A bathing machine was used for changing in, and for taking the bather down to the sea. It cost 2 pence(便士) to hire a machine and an attendant(侍者). When she had paid, the bather climbed up the back steps and got into the bathing machine. Then she changed into her bathing dress. When she had changed, the machine was pulled down to the sea. The bathing machine stopped in the water and the bather went down the front steps into the water. If she did not want to get into the sea, the attendant pulled her in.

62. A 19th century English lady bathing in the sea would wear something like:

63. Who used the bathing machine?

A. Women bathers.

B. Both men and women bathers.

C. Bathers who couldn't swim.

D. Bathers who couldn't walk.

64. A bathing machine was mainly used for .

A. giving the bather a pleasure ride on the beach

B. giving the bather some exercise before getting into the water

C. protecting the bather from catching cold from the sea wind

D. protecting the bather from being seen in a bathing dress out of water

65. In 19th century people who used the bathing machine usually did the following things. Which is

the right order for doing them?

a. Changing into bathing clothes b. Getting out of the bathing machine

c. Paying 2 pence d. Getting into the bathing machine

e. Being taken down the beach f. Getting into the water

A. e, d, a, b, f, c B. c, d, a, e, b, f

C. c, d, e, a, b, f C. d, a, e, b, f, c

EVENTS(赛事)

Bicycle tour(旅行)and race

A bike tour and race will be held on August 26 and 27(Sat. & Sum. ). At 5:30am, the riders will

leave Tian'anmen Square and ride the first 35 kilometres as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometre leg, from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competitive(竞争性的)part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from Jixian to Changli.

The second racing leg of the tour will be from Changli to the seaside of Nandaibe, covering a

distance of 20 kilometres. Saturday night includes the stay at Nandaihe and supper. Sunday morning is free for play at the seaside. At noon all the people and their bikes will be taken back to Beijing.

Cost:200 yuan Telephone:4675027

Brazilian footballers

The Brazilian Football Club will play Beijing Guo'an Team at the Workers Stadium on August 26.

The club has four national team players . Also coming is 1994 US World Cup star Romario who has promised to play for at least 45 minutes.

Ticket prices:60,100,150 yuan

Time/Date:4:30 pm, August 26(Sat. ) Telephone:5012372

Rock climbing

The Third National Rock Climbing Competition will be held on August 26-27 at the Huairou

Mountain-climbing Training Base. More than 10 teams from Beijing, Wuhan, Dalian, Jilin and other places will take part in it. A Japanese team will give an exhibition climbing. Free for spectators(观众).

Take a long-distance bus from Dongzhimen to Huairou.

Time/Dates:9-12 am, August 26 and 27

Telephone:7143177, 7144850, Wang Zhenghua

66. The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about .

A. visiting teams B. famous players

C. things to do for the weekend D. prices to pay for the sports events

67. If you take part in the bike tour, you will ride for .

A. 35 kilometres B. 55 kilometres

C. 75 kilometres D. 110 kilometres

68. the underlined word “leg” in “Bicycle tour and race” probably means .

A. race B. practice

C. part of the training D. part of the tour

69. What is special about the rock climbing competition?

A. A foreign team takes part in it.

B. You can watch it without paying.

C. You don't have to be a sportsman to take part.

D. The bus trip to the place of the competition is free.

70. If you want to find something to do for Saturday afternoon, which telephone number will you call?

A. 4675027 B. 7143177

C. 5012372 D. 7144850

四、能力测试

Building a house costs quite a lot of money. Suppose you plan to build a house. Your first step will be to find a right piece of land. Your choice will depend on many different things. You will probably try to find a sunny place, with pleasant surroundings（环境）near shops and bus stops, not too far from your friends and the place where you work.

Next you will find an excellent builder, and together with the builder you will work out a plan. The builder will draw the plan. It will show the number of rooms, their position and size, and other parts which must be noticed, such as windows, doors, and electric outlets. The builder will work out how much money is needed to build your house. He will work out the cost of the wood, bricks, the glass, and everything else that must be used in building the house. Later on, when he starts to build, this estimate（预算）must be corrected and revised（修正. His estimate is based on existing prices, but prices of such things may change, and many other things may happen between the time when he makes the estimate and the time when he builds the house.

When the builder gives his estimate, you may wish to change your plan. (You may also wish to change your builder, if his estimate is too high!) You may find that some of the features（特征）you wanted as first cost too much, or that you can spend a little more and add something to your plan. The builder's estimate depends on the plan, but the final plan depends on the builder's estimate.

1． The best title of this passage is _____.

A. Building a House Costs Much Money

B. Estimate Is Important

C. Planning a House

D. Depend on the Builder

2． The first thing for a person to build a house is _____.

A. to get as much money as possible

B. to find a suitable piece of land

C. to work out a plan

D. to make an estimate

3． After choosing the best place to build the house, the following things for a person to build

a house are to _______.

A. work out a plan

B. find an excellent builder and work out a plan

C. make an estimate

D. both B and C

4． The phrase（短语）“draw a plan” in this passage means _______.

A. making a picture of a building or a room

B. making a plan

C. working out a plan

D. pulling a picture out of a room

5． When the builder starts to build a house, his estimate will have to be corrected and revised because __

A. it is wrongly worked out by a workman

B. the future owner of the house thinks the estimate is so high that he cannot afford the building

C. the prices of building materials and the expenses(费用) of labor may be different from

the original prices and expenses

D. estimates are usually mistaken in the beginning

6． What is the relationship（关系）between the estimate and the plan?

A. The plan depends on the estimate.

B. The estimate depends on the plan.

C. The plan has nothing to do with the estimate.

D. The estimate and the plan depend on each other

第二课

一、技巧解疑

猜测词义的能力不光在考试时很重要，就连我们平时阅读英语文章时也很用得着哦。就象我

们在看中文的文章时，并不是一碰到生词就去查字典，而是根据语境去猜测生词的。我们读英语文章时，也应养成这样的习惯和能力。

要想提高猜测词义的能力，我们可从以下七个方法下意识地进行阅读。

1． 根据定义或解释说明猜测生词的词义

在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，可根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。如：

1）A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.

2）A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter.

你能猜出斜体部分单词的意思吗？mosquito是“蚊子”，carpenter是“木匠”。不难吧？

有时，我们还可根据定语从句或同位语对其修饰的先行词的词义做出推测。例如：

His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. 不难猜出，zoologist动物学家”

当看到文中的破折号“-”时，我们也应该留点神，因为它也可引出起解释说明作用的同位语或具有同义的短语或从句。如： Some organizations of United Nations prefer to take on Polyglots as their workers-those who can understand as well as speak many languages. 这里，Polyglot指的是“懂而且会说多种语言的人”。

2． 根据对比关系猜测生词的词义

在but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显的对比关系。根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。如：

1）Though Tom's face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. grubby是什么意思呢？和clean相对，便是“肮脏的”了。

2）John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things；his wife, however, is very thrifty.

和wastes a lot of money相对比，thrifty就是“节俭的”意思。

3． 通过因果关系猜测词义

because，since与as是连结原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连结表示结果的并列句的连词，so...that与such...that中的that是连结结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分，就能猜出生词的词义。例如：

1） She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long. 根据后边的原因，我们就可推测出trim就是“修剪”的意思。right? Ok, it's your turn.看看你能否正确猜出下句中斜体词的意思。

2） The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.

根据that引导的结果状语从句，可以猜出，turbid的意思是“浑浊的”。你猜对了吗？

4． 根据生活常识猜测词义

运用逻辑推理能力，自身的生活经验及生活常识，根据上下文能读懂的部分，可以正确猜出词义。下面文字中斜体单词的词义你能猜出来吗？

1） Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.

2）Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold. 句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们： wings是“翅膀”；beaks是“喙”；claws是“爪子”；wither表示“枯萎”。

5． 根据同等关系猜测词义

同等关系，指的是一个词，一组词或短语在句中作同一成分，而且它们的词义都属于同一范畴。明显的标志是，这样的词组或短语中间常常用并列连词and或or来连接。例如：

1） At forty-two he was in his prime and always full of energy.

2） Are people born intelligent or stupid?

你能根据同等关系猜出斜体词的意思吗？从“年龄42岁”以及与prime具有同等关系的full of energy，可以猜出prime的意思是“盛年时期”。从选择连词or“还是”以及与intelligent处于同等位置的stupid“愚蠢的”可以猜测intelligent是“聪明的”意思。

6． 根据列举的事例猜测词义

如：You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. 从后面列举的例子可以猜出periodical是“期刊，杂志”的意思。

7． 根据构词法知识猜测词义

根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。

如： The colors of Hawaii in summer are unforgettable. 根据构词法和我们已熟悉的词forget，我们可以知道unforgettable就是“令人难忘的”意思。

二、基本训练

猜测各句中黑体显示的生词词义

1． Archaeology is the study of the buried remains of ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools and

weapons. A. 地理学 B. 生态学 C. 心理学 D. 考古学

2． This strict officer is a martinet, a person who demands total obedience（服从）to rules, discipline

and orders.

A. 专制的人 B. 软弱的人 C. 强硬的人 D. 要求严格服从纪律和命令的人

3． Though Mr. Smith has been general manager for just 3 months, he has already made much

greater achievements than his predecessors.

A. 上级B. 前任C. 同事D. 下级

4． The football game was getting more and more exciting, however, the old lady was still as dozy

as she usually was.

A. 昏昏欲睡的B. 亢奋的 C. 欣喜若狂的 D. 麻木的

5． All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key.

A. 成功的B. 徒劳的C. 有效的D. 匆促的

6． She did not hear what you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading.

A. 心不在焉的B. 紧张的 C. 全神贯注的 D. 睡意浓的

7． One of symptoms caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever.

A. 症状B. 疾病C. 恐惧D. 威胁

8． In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.

A. 流泪B. 乞讨C. 呻吟D. 颤抖

9． The hot tropical weather created a feeling of lassitude and encouraged laziness.

A. 兴奋B. 厌恶C. 清醒D. 疲倦

10．To quite a great many people, money is an irresistible temptation（诱惑）.

A. 不可抗拒的 B. 可抗拒的 C. 接受的 D. 不可接受的

三、高考实战 （高考阅读试题）

JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students - 18 boys and 2 girls -had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung（阶梯）out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest（竞赛）on Tuesday evening.

The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.

‘Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!’said a teacher from Guangdong province.

Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognised by the State Education Commission（国家教委） as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.

51. This news story is mainly about .

A. when the contest started

B. how the contest got its name

C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest

D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest

52. This news story most probably appeared in a newspaper in .

A. 1986 B. 1987

C. 1995 D. 1997

53. It can be inferred from the text that the teacher from Guangdong province .

A. felt proud of the gold medal winners

B. wondered if the students were honest

C. thought that the problems were too difficult for the students

D. believed that the twenty winners could go to study at university

54. The underlined phrase ‘figure out’ in the text means .

A. work out B. add up

C. guess D. study

In the 1930s, a lot of people in the USA were out of work. Among these people was a man named

Alfred Butts. He always had an interest in word games and so, to fill his time, he planned a game which he called ‘Lexico’. However, he was not completely satisfied with the game, so he made a number of changes to it and, in time, changed its name from ‘Lexico’to ‘Alph’ and then to ‘Criss Cross’. He wanted to make some money from his new game but he didn't have any real commercial（商业性的）success.

In 1939, Butts happened to meet a man called Jim Brunot who showed an interest in the new game.

The two men worked together on developing the game and in 1948 it was offered for sale in the United States under its new name - ‘Scrabble’.

At first, it didn't sell very well. In the first year it sold just 2,250 sets and by 1951 it had only

reached 8,500 sets a year.

Then, in 1952 the manager of Macy's department store in New York, Jack Strauss, happened to

play ‘Scrabble’while he was on holiday. He thought it was a wonderful game and, when he went back to work after his holiday, he insisted that Macy's should stock（储备） the game and make an effort （努力） to call the public's attention to it.

As a result,‘scrabble’became a big success in the United States and it soon spread to Australia and

then to other English-speaking countries.

55. The text is mainly about .

A.‘Lexico’ B. three men

C. a word game D. Alfred Butts

56. Alfred Butts invented the game‘Lexico’ .

A. to make himself famous

B. to make spelling simpler

C. when he was out of work and looking for a job

D. when he was playing word games to pass the time

57. Who made ‘Scrabble’ popular?

A. Alfred Butts.

B. Jack Strauss.

C. Alfred Butts and Jim Brunot.

D. Jack Strauss and Jim Brunot.

58. When did Alfred Butts first put his game on the market?

A. In 1939.

B. In 1948.

C. Before 1939.

D. Between 1939 and 1948.

Allan goes everywhere with Birgitta Anderson, a 54-year-old secretary. He moves around her

office at work and goes shopping with her.‘Most people don't seem to mind Allan,’ says Birgitta, who thinks he is wonderful. ‘He's my fourth child,’ she says. She may think of him and treat him that way, buying his food, paying his health bills and his taxes, but in fact Allan is a dog.

Birgitta and Allan live in Sweden, a country where everyone is expected to lead an orderly life

according to rules laid down by the government, which also provides （提供）a high level of care for its people. This level of care costs money.

People in Sweden pay taxes on everything, so aren't surprised to find that owning a dog means yet

more taxes. Some people are paying as much as 500 Swedish kronor in taxes a year for the right to keep their dog, money that is spent by the government on dog hospitals and sometimes medical treatment for a dog that falls ill. However, most such treatment is expensive, so owners often decide to pay health and even life insurance （保险）for their dog.

In Sweden dog owners must pay for any damage （损坏）their dog does. A Swedish Kennel Club

official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car you, as the owner, have to pay for any damage done to the car, even if your dog has been killed in the accident.

59. Birgitta pays taxes for Allan because .

A. he is her dog B. he is her child

C. he follows her everywhere D. he often falls ill

60. The money paid as dog taxes is used to .

A. keep a high level of care for the people

B. pay for damage done by dogs

C. provide medical care for dogs

D. buy insurance for dog owners

61. If a dog causes a car accident and gets killed, who should pay for the damage done to the car?

A. The owner of the car.

B. The owner of the dog.

C. The insurance company.

D. The government.

62. From the text it can be inferred that in Sweden .

A. dogs are welcome in public places

B. keeping dogs means asking for trouble

C. many car accidents are caused by dogs

D. people care much about dogs

Suppose you work in a big firm and find English very important for your job because you often

deal with foreign businessmen. Now you are looking for a place where you can improve your English, especially your spoken English.

Here are some advertisements about English language training from newspapers. You may find the

information you need.

63. You work from 9:00 am to 4:30 p.m. every day. Which schools will you choose?

A. Global English Centre and Modern Language School.

B. Global English Centre and the International House.

C. Modern Language School and the 21st Century.

D. The 21st Century and the International House.

64. The 21st Century is different from the other three schools in that .

A. its teaching quality is better

B. it is nearest to the city centre

C. its courses are more advanced

D. it requires an entrance examination

65. You will probably prefer to go to the International House because it .

A. offers free sightseeing and social activities

B. has a special course in spoken English

C. costs less than the other schools

D. has native English teachers

66. If you take the evening programme at the International House, you will pay about .

A. 60 yuan B. 240 yuan

C. 720 yuan D. 1,000 yuan

America is growing older. Fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the United States were

65 or older. Today, 10 out of every 100 Americans are over 65. The aging of the population will affect （影响） American society in many ways - education, medicine, and business. Quietly, the graying of America has made us a very different society - one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior （行为）is suitable （合适）at various ages.

A person's age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position, marriage or health.

There's no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isn't as strong as it used to be. It doesn't surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the first time. Public ideas are changing.

Many people say, ‘I am much younger than my mother - or my father - was at my age.’

No one says ‘Act your age’ anymore. We've stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.

67. It can be learnt from the text that the aging of the population in America .

A. has made people feel younger

B. has changed people's social position

C. has changed people's understanding of age

D. has slowed down the country's social development

68. The underlined word ‘one’ refers to .

A. a society B. America

C. a place D. population

69. ‘Act your age’ means people should ______.

A. be active when they are old

B. do the right thing at the right age

C. show respect for their parents young or old

D. take more physical exercise suitable to their age

70. If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm, the writer of the text would most

probably consider it .

A. normal B. wonderful

C. unbelievable D. unreasonable

四、能力测试

Confucius was born five hundred and fifty years before Christ. Unlike Jesus Christ, he did not bring words of God to the people. He was a clever teacher and a philosopher, looking for truth and wisdom. Most of his teaching was about life in this world.

Confucius was very keen to give people good rulers. Someone asked him, “What does a country need?” Confucius answered, “Enough food, a good army, and a good leader.” The people then asked, “Which one is the most important?” Confucius answered, “An army is not very important. All men must die, so food is not the most important. But if the leader of the country is not good, then everything will be bad.”

1. A philosopher is a person who ______.

A. does not like Jesus Christ

B. teaches people how to live in this world

C. seeks after truth and wisdom

D. is more clever than most of other people

2. According to Confucius, the most important thing in any country was ____.

A. the army B. the ruler

C. life of the people D. food

3. Jesus Christ _____.

A. was born more than half a century earlier than Confucius

B. taught people anything about God

C. did not tell people anything about God

D. was a philosopher sent by God

4. Confucius taught people all these things except _____.

A. how to live in the world

B. the importance of the leader of the country

C. any ideas about God

D. how to make good judgements

5. For Confucius a man _____.

A. could not escape death

B. would die if he didn't have a good ruler

C. was not important compared with food

D. ought to die if he considered food to be the most important for him

Learners of English, especially self-taught learners may have trouble in understanding speeches by native speakers. The following ways might help improve their listening ability.

First of all, do things step by step. It is not good to listen to something beyond your level. Better choose a suitable course and start with the first book. Go on to the second book only after you are sure you understand the first one.

Secondly, stick to one course of study. Don't change books often. Never let your attention be attracted by another course just because it seems to be more “fashionable”（时髦）.

Thirdly, listen to the English news program over the radio from time to time. Better go through the news stories in the Chinese-language newspaper first. That will make it easier for you to understand the English news on the radio.

Fourthly, if you have time, listen to some interesting stories in “Special English from the V.O.A. or other listening materials of the same level as that of your textbook.”

6. This is a piece of advice to learners of English on how to ____.

A. improve their listening ability

B. read fast

C. write better English and read faster

D. speak correctly

7. If you want to understand the English news program on the radio, you should _____.

A. read the Chinese-language newspaper step by step

B. read again and again the Chinese-language newspaper

C. go through the Chinese-language newspaper

D. be able to recite the Chinese-language newspaper

8. “Beyond your level” means something _____.

A. easy for you

B. too difficult for you

C. not too easy and not too difficult for you

D. just all right for you

9. The author advised that once you have taken up a course, you ____.

A. should stick to it

B. should begin with the last book

C. should take up other courses if they are more fashionable

D. shouldn't do anything else

10. In this passage, V.O.A. stands for _____.

A. a book

B. a magazine

C. a text-book

D. a radio station

第一课

二、A

三、51、CDBAC，BAABD 61、ADADB，CDDBC

四、CBDACD

第二课

二、DDBAB，CADDA

三、51、DCAAC，DBCAC 61、BDBDB，DCABA

四、CBBCA，ACBAD

篇7：高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解题主要是由阅读短文和短文后的试题组成的。阅读理解短文选材广泛，内容丰富，往往涉及到日常生活、人物传记、国内外风土人情、故事传说、社会文化、政治经济、史地科技、自然现象、新闻报道、体育活动、广告说明、书信通知、目录等许多方面的内容。文体多采用叙述、描写、说明、议论及应用文等形式。近年来，高考阅读理解题都由五篇短文组成，一般分易、中、难三种难易程度。掌握高考英语阅读理解题的应试技巧，正确地理解和分析问题，考生应从以下几个方面入手：

一、抓住文章的首段与末段及段落的首句和末句

文章的首段与末段、段落的首句和末句，一般表达文章的主题和段落的中心思想，其它段落及句子只起补充、说明、解释或引申的作用。因此，首先要搜索目标，找出文章及段落中的主题句。了解了它们的含义，就可以顺着提供的主要线索去捕捉文章的相关信息，从而获得解决问题的答案。

二、进行合理推断

对文章有了详细而全面的理解之后，就要按照文章内容，上下文的逻辑关系，作出推理判断。阅读理解涉及词汇、语法、句型、段落结构、文化背景等各方面知识。答题时，要领会句子之间的逻辑关系，特别是相邻句子之间的关系，这样有利于理解全文。表示逻辑关系的标志词是连接词、副词、代词、介词短语、关系词、插入语等，通读时应特别注意。如：if ， because， though， as， which， it， and，but，however，therefore，so，for example， so that，so．．．that, on (the) one hand．．．, on the other(hand)．．．等词语。它们在上下文中具有条件、原因、让步、指代、递进、对比、列举、结果、目的、承上启下等作用，正确理解并掌握这些词汇的作用，对做阅读理解题是大有好处的。

三、猜测推敲生词

阅读短文时，常常会遇到一些生词。这时，考生要沉着、冷静，细心思考。首先要把整段、整篇文章看完。通过对全篇短文的理解，就很有可能猜测出生词的大意。另外，还可以从含有生词句子的上下文，以及句子和段落之间的关系来判断、理解生词以求获得其真正含义。 猜测生词的另一种方法是，根据构词法推测。遇到生词后，可从构词法角度分析判断生词。例如： unforeseeable一词，其中词根为see, fore的含义是“早先、预先”的意思，un前缀是“不”的意思，因此可以猜知，此词词义为“未能预见的”。

四、利用常识解题

多了解一些常识性知识有利于阅读理解。如果对文章的相关背景有所了解，读起文章一定既省时又省力。因此，在学习过程中，了解各方面的背景知识是十分重要的。考生应了解下列知识：

1．著名作家、艺术家及其主要作品；

2．科普常识：尽量了解有关生态平衡、环境污染、计算机应用、诺贝尔奖等方面的知识；

3．了解西方社会风土人情、社交活动、新年、圣诞节活动、宗教信仰、罢工斗争、失业现象、风俗习惯等；

4． 多看新闻联播、世界各地和各类英语讲座等节目；

5． 使用各种工具书，查阅各类名词、术语、重大事件；

6． 熟记常用的缩略词语。

五、正确理解题干

纵观历年高考试题，阅读理解试题一般有以下几种题型：一是直接回答who，whom，which，what，where，when，why，how等疑问词引起的细节问题；二是猜测词义题；三是推理判断题；四是综合概括题。 在做阅读理解题时，一定要仔细看完、看清楚试题要求再作答，特别要注意NOT, TRUE, EXCEPT等词。有时，要先看题后阅读文章，带着问题去读短文，可缩短阅读时间，效果也许会更好。

总之，阅读理解试题是高考试题中最重要的一项内容，占有举足轻重的地位。如果考生按上述答题方法去做，再做些适当的练习，一定会在阅读理解试题上取得比较理想的成绩。

河北 李明 张雪峰

转自:高老师英语教学资源网

篇8：高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练题

生物保护

Being surrounded by sharks may sound like a bad thing，but scientists say sharks are actually a good sign of ocean health.__1__ knowing that，Enric Sala，a marine ecologist and National Geographic Fellow，was a little __2__ when he first dived at Kingman Reef，the heart of a massive，newly __3__ area south of Hawaii now called the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument.

“The __4__ time I jumped in the water，as soon as the bubbles __5__，my heartbeat doubled—there were a dozen sharks swimming around us and so __6__ corals on the bottom that there was not even __7__ for sand between them，” says Sala.

Sala led a series of __8__ to the region's coral reefs over the past several years，__9__ part of his work at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in La Jolla，Calif.His team's __10__ about sharks and corals there helped __11__ the U.S.government to set up the new monument，where fishing for sharks or anything else is now __12__.Groups around the world are working to __13__ other huge protected ocean areas in hopes of __14__ some of the planet's most incredible and important spots.

President George W.Bush set up another new marine __15__，or protected area，__16__ the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument just before he __17__ office in January.The reserve __18__ waters around several groups of islands near Kingman Reef，__19__ is 1,000 miles south of Hawaii，and it covers 86,888 square miles.That's bigger than the size of Virginia and Tennessee __20__.

Note：

marine ecologist海洋生态学家

【语篇解读】 科学家们对海洋生物的发现促成美国建立了海洋生物保护区。保护区发挥了极大的作用，不仅有利于科学家的研究，更重要的是保护了一些稀有的种类，其他一些国家也纷纷效仿。

1.A.Ever B.Even C.Without D.Instead of

答案 B [联系下文“my heartbeat doubled”可知，“即使”知道鲨鱼是海洋健康的标志，Enric Sala也是有些紧张的。]

2.A.excited B.happy C.nervous D.sad

答案 C [联系到鲨鱼是凶猛的动物，在鲨鱼附近也是有些紧张的。A有一定的干扰性，excited的意思是“兴奋的”，不符合面临凶猛动物时的心情。]

3.A.protected B.built C.surrounded D.founded

答案 A [联系下文可知，“the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument”是一个保护区。]

4.A.last B.early C.first D.good

答案 C [联系下文的“my heartbeat doubled”可知，这是Sala第一次到洋底时的情况。]

5.A.gathered B.appeared C.passed D.cleared

答案 D [联系下文的“there were a dozen sharks swimming around us...”可知，这是气泡散尽后看到的景象，因此用cleared。]

6.A.many B.few C.large D.frightening

答案 A [联系下文的“there was not even __7__ for sand between them”可知，珊瑚很多。]

7.A.water B.light C.space D.sight

答案 C [因为鲨鱼和珊瑚很多，几乎没有容纳沙子的空间。]

8.A.dives B.expeditions C.experiments D.discoveries

答案 B [联系空后的“to the region's coral reefs”可知，他领导了几次去珊瑚礁的远征。]

9.A.as B.with C.like D.under

答案 A [这些远征作为他工作的一部分。]

10.A.findings B.information C.research D.cares

答案 A [联系空后的“about sharks and corals”可知，他们对鲨鱼和珊瑚有了一些发现。C有一定的干扰性，research意为“研究”。]

11.A.force B.inspire C.beg D.allow

答案 B [在那里的发现敦促政府建立保护区。]

12.A.permitted B.limited C.forbidden D.measured

答案 C [因为这里是保护区，因此捕杀鲨鱼和其他动物是禁止的。]

13.A.set out B.start out C.set off D.set up

答案 D [联系空后的“huge protected ocean areas”可知，是建立保护区。set out意为“开始，着手”;start out意为“开始”;sef off意为“出发”。]

14.A.making B.saving C.building D.seeing

答案 B [建立保护区是希望挽救一些重要的地方。]

15.A.reserve B.spot C.area D.space

答案 A [联系空后的“or protected area”可得答案。]

16.A.called B.named C.told D.given

答案 A [“the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument”是保护区的名字，因此用called。]

17.A.took B.left C.controlled D.lost

答案 B [布什总统在一月份离开白宫前建立了这个保护区。联系空前的“before”和空后的“in January”可得答案。]

18.A.excludes B.covers C.includes D.makes

答案 C [联系空后的“waters around several groups of islands”可知，保护区包含几个岛的水域。]

19.A.it B.which C.where D.that

答案 B [which引导了非限定性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。]

20.A.separated B.combined C.divided D.connected

答案 B [联系空前的“bigger than the size”可知，这个保护区比Virginia和Tennessee两个加起来还要大。]

维B1

Katharine Mehta's mother likes to joke that the first sentence her daughter said was “I love dogs.” It's not the fact，but it's certainly true in spirit.

“When I was young，my grandmother told me about how she sometimes found stray dogs and cats，and kept them on her farm as pets，” says Katharine.“That made me wonder what would happen when animals didn't have a home.I felt horrible thinking that they might be hungry or could get hit by a car.”

But what could a little girl do? The answer came during a trip to a park in her New York City neighborhood two years ago，where she met volunteers from Mighty Mutts，a local no?kill animal rescue organization.“I thought maybe I could earn some money and give it to them，” she says.

Since Katharine had plenty of practice taking care of her own dog，she decided to start a summer dog?walking service.She chose two friends and，with their parents' permission，the group put up homemade posters with their phone numbers and a bargain price—50 cents an hour.Before long they had 15 dogs in their care.“We walked two or three at a time with one mother helping out，” she says.“By the end of that summer，we'd collected $45.” That fall Katharine and her mother，Loma，came up with another mini enterprise to raise money for Mighty Mutts—selling fresh?baked shortbread to their neighbors.

The 11?year?old，who starts sixth grade this fall，has become a nonstop campaigner.Her mother says，“When she sees somebody with a dog，she starts a conversation and tells them to donate to Mighty Mutts.”

Katharine's passion comes from the heart.“It makes me cry to think that strays might be_put_to_sleep when there's a group that can find new homes for them，” Katharine says.“But it makes me smile to know I can help.”

Notes：

stray adj.流浪的 ②shortbread n.黄油甜酥饼

【语篇解读】 本文主要讲了11岁女孩Katharine是如何关爱和帮助流浪狗等小动物的。

1.Katharine's love of dogs comes from ________.

A.her grandmother's influence

B.her mother's influence

C.the influence of an organization

D.seeing a dog killed by a car

答案 A [细节理解题。由第二段可知，Katharine关心流浪狗是受奶奶的影响。]

2.How did Katharine help the organization—Mighty Mutts?

A.By walking stray dogs.

B.By giving shortbread to stray dogs.

C.By collecting money.

D.By making speeches everywhere.

答案 C [推理判断题。由第三、四段可知，Katharine为别人遛狗挣钱，然后捐给Mighty Mutts，并且经常劝说养狗的人为Mighty Mutts捐款，故选C。]

3.The underlined part “be put to sleep” in the last paragraph means “________”.

A.to be supplied with a comfortable place for sleeping

B.to be given drugs so that they can die without pain

C.to be made unconscious before a medical operation

D.to be made to sleep

答案 B [词义猜测题。Katharine很有爱心，非常关心无家可归的小动物，所以她一想到流浪的小动物被人们用药物所谓“仁道地”杀死，她就会心痛地流泪。put to sleep意为“用药物使(长眠)，无痛苦地杀死”。]

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.Katharine and her pets

B.An organization for rescuing stray dogs

C.Pet dogs are popular with children

D.A little girl helps strays

答案 D [主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了小女孩Katharine帮助、关爱流浪狗，故正确答案为D。]

维B2

We're fortunate to live along a monarch butterfly migration path.Every fall，thousands of them fly through our backyard，headed south for the winter.We always thought that a butterfly with a broken wing was a sad sight，but one we could do nothing about.We were wrong! Jeannette Brandt was bike riding near Hadley，in the southern Adirondacks of New York，a few weeks ago when she spotted an injured monarch butterfly and took it home in an empty water bottle.Brandt and her partner，Mike Parwana，fed the butterfly rotting pears and water sweetened with honey.The butterfly survived，and fattened up.But what to do about the broken wing?

The couple found an online video demonstrating butterfly wing repair which was posted by the nonprofit Live Monarch Foundation of Boca Raton，Florida.Tiny cardboard splints and contact cement did the trick.In another week，the butterfly was flying at the couple's home.But by then，it was too cold in upstate New York to release the monarch into the wild.Monarchs are known for their 3,000 miles migration from Canada to Mexico.But this migration is usually finished by the end of October，and it was mid?November.

About a week ago，the couple put the monarch in a shoebox and went to Scotty's，a truck stop north of Albany，NY.Eventually，a good?natured trucker from Alabama，who was headed to Florida，volunteered to transport the monarch to the Sunshine State.Last Tuesday，the trucker called.The butterfly with the mended wing had been released in Florida，now free to join millions of other monarch butterflies migrating south to the mountains of central Mexico.

Note：

cardboard splints and contact cement薄纸夹板和接触粘合剂

【语篇解读】 本文记叙的是一对美国夫妇和一位卡车司机救助一只在迁徙中翅膀受伤的帝王蝶的故事。

1.We can learn from Paragraph One that the butterfly ________.

A.was hit by a motorbike

B.was noticed by a US woman

C.would spend winter in Hadley

D.was too old to go on flying

答案 B [细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“Jeannette Brandt...when she spotted an injured monarch butterfly...”可知，这只受伤的帝王蝶是由一位美国妇女发现的。]

2.The main problem of the butterfly's wing was ________.

A.how to treat the illness of the butterfly

B.how to keep the butterfly at home

C.how to help the butterfly reach Mexico

D.how to get the butterfly's favorite food

答案 C [推理判断题。根据第二段第四句“But by then，it was...into the wild”和第五句“Monarchs are known...from Canada to Mexico”可知，蝴蝶翅膀修复以后，主要的困难就是如何帮助它到达墨西哥以完成迁徙。]

3.According to the last paragraph，the couple went to Scotty's to ________.

A.ask help from truck drivers

B.release the butterfly there

C.attract the attention of the public

D.ask for experts' advice

答案 A [推理判断题。由最后一段可知，在一位好心的卡车司机的帮助下，这只帝王蝶赶上了浩荡的蝴蝶迁徙队伍。]

4.What does the author seem to agree?

A.It is useless to learn to repair insects' wings.

B.A monarch butterfly's wings are likely to get hurt.

C.A monarch butterfly can be kept as a pet.

D.It is quite possible to repair a butterfly's wings.

答案 D [细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“We always thought...do nothing about”和第四句“We were wrong”，再联系本文故事可知，作者认为修复蝴蝶翅膀是完全可能的。]

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