“来吃一碗”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了14篇考研英语二大作文历年真题，下面是小编为大家整理后的考研英语二大作文历年真题，仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢，并能积极分享!
- 目录
篇1：考研历年英语二大作文真题
48.Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, your should
1)interpret the chart, and
2)give your comment.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
范文：
The pie chart provides some interesting data regarding the family expense of urban residents during Spring Festival in our country. As is shown above, the family expense during the holiday is mainly used for gifts, accounting 40 percent of the whole expense.
Obviously, such statistics regarding family expenses reflects the lifestyles of the average urban family in China. To begin with, the most expense used for buying presents suggests that Chinese people are more likely to enjoy a lifestyle of communication during holidays, which may add more flavor to their routine life. What's more, it is interesting to note that urban residents attach importance to giving others gifts, thereby devoting much of the income to gifts for friends, relatives and family members. In addition, there is no denying in saying that the major factor responsible for the phenomenon is that urban people posses more money available for gifts thanks to the growth of urban economy.
Taking above-mentioned analysisinto account, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion: as the society further develops, the trend mirrored by the table is bound to continue for a couple of years in the forthcoming future.
篇2：考研英语二大作文历年真题
Part B
48. Directions:
Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
As the bar graph indicates, both city and rural area witnessed a distinguished phenomenon in population fluctuation. Indeed, population in city increased at a breakneck speed and surpassed that of rural area during the period from 1990 to 2010 while population in rural region slightly decreased down to a scale which was close to that of city.
What accounts for this disparity? The answer involves two factors. The first contributing factor is the substantially fast developing steps of cities in China. No one can deny that since Chinese economic reform from 1980s which mostly benefits people in city. The second reason is that Chinese farmers enjoy the harvest from new policies that are established to benefit farmers. People in rural areas are allowed to migrate for work and residence by the law and an increasing number of farmers choose to work in city and become migrant workers just because they would make much more money than ever before in city. All these are the result of urbanization.
Based on the analyses above, we can safely draw the conclusion that the process of urbanization will continue in the years ahead, and every single Chinese benefits from the fast development of China.
篇3：考研历年英语二大作文真题
48、Directions：Write an essay based on the chart below. In your writing , you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15 points)
Emerging from the clearly depicted pie chart is the distribution of focusing factors of citizens in a city when choosing a restaurant in 2017, consisting of 4 parts, which are features, service, environment, price and other factors. Among them, the proportion of service, environment, price and other factors is 26.8%, 23.8%, 8.4% and 4.7% respectively. By contrast, the factor of focusing on features of the restaurant is in the lead, accounting for 36.3%.
What has triggered this phenomenon? To begin with, with the fast development of national economy and personal wealth, people in China have stepped into an era of enjoying life, transforming traditional pattern of living. Therefore, such a great proportion of citizens are more likely to focus on the features of a restaurant, instead of only concentrating on the price. Moreover, in a society where living standard is highly advocated, citizens in mounting numbers in China, shrugging off their former habit of focusing on lower price, gradually find the service and environment of a restaurant is an essential factor. According to a survey conducted by China Research Center, up to 87% Chinese people prefer to choose a comfortable and fashionable restaurant when they go out for eating.
Taking into account what has been argued so far, I am inclined to think about the current situation is normal. In view of the analysis above, it can be predicted that the trend will continue in the future. Accordingly, it is of no necessity for the public to regard it with too much consideration.
篇4：考研英语二大作文历年真题
write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1)interpret the chart and
2)give your comments
Emerging from the bar-chart above is a popular phenomenon that the proportion of the students having par-time jobs has changed during the four years’ study. The proportion increases slightly from the first year to the third year, however, the fourth year has witnessed a fast increase, surging to 88.24%.
As they are about to enter into the society, more people think that concurrent post after school benefits greater than disadvantage, cast aside making money to no comment. The bar-chart above serves to remind us that qualifications are something essential if you want to find a good job after you leave school, but on the other hand, college students can get some working experience which is as valuable as their academic achievement.
Anyway, in my point of view, it is difficult to judge whether taking part time jobs is good or bad. It depends on how you deal with the relationship between working and learning. If you can balance it well, you are sure to get enough knowledge as well as experience, so as to get ready for your future success.
篇5：考研历年英语二大作文真题
48. Directions:
Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your essay, you should
1) interpret the chart, and
2) give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
As the bar graph indicates, both city and rural area witnessed a distinguished phenomenon in population fluctuation. Indeed, population in city increased at a breakneck speed and surpassed that of rural area during the period from 1990 to 2010 while population in rural region slightly decreased down to a scale which was close to that of city.
What accounts for this disparity? The answer involves two factors. The first contributing factor is the substantially fast developing steps of cities in China. No one can deny that since Chinese economic reform from 1980s which mostly benefits people in city. The second reason is that Chinese farmers enjoy the harvest from new policies that are established to benefit farmers. People in rural areas are allowed to migrate for work and residence by the law and an increasing number of farmers choose to work in city and become migrant workers just because they would make much more money than ever before in city. All these are the result of urbanization.
Based on the analyses above, we can safely draw the conclusion that the process of urbanization will continue in the years ahead, and every single Chinese benefits from the fast development of China.
篇6：考研历年英语二大作文真题
48 write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1)interpret the chart and
2)give your comments
Emerging from the bar-chart above is a popular phenomenon that the proportion of the students having par-time jobs has changed during the four years’ study. The proportion increases slightly from the first year to the third year, however, the fourth year has witnessed a fast increase, surging to 88.24%.
As they are about to enter into the society, more people think that concurrent post after school benefits greater than disadvantage, cast aside making money to no comment. The bar-chart above serves to remind us that qualifications are something essential if you want to find a good job after you leave school, but on the other hand, college students can get some working experience which is as valuable as their academic achievement.
Anyway, in my point of view, it is difficult to judge whether taking part time jobs is good or bad. It depends on how you deal with the relationship between working and learning. If you can balance it well, you are sure to get enough knowledge as well as experience, so as to get ready for your future success.
篇7：考研英语二大作文真题及
英语(二)真题
PART B
Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1)interpret the chart, and
2)give your comments.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET. (15 points)
【参考范文】
This pie chart clearly illustrates the purposes of students’ touring in a certain university. As is reflected by the diagram, 37 percent of college students travel in a bid to appreciating the scenery, next comes the aim of relieving pressure, accounting for 33% percent. By contrast, the percentage of students travelling aiming at others, making friends and cultivating independence account for 15%, 9% and 6% respectively.
Several primary factors could contribute to this phenomenon. In the first place, travel can offer us a wide range of experiences. In travelling, we may join tourists marveling at the incredible power of Niagara Falls, mingle with the happy throngs strolling in the Paris boulevards and experience the bitterness and joy of people on different lands and in different times. In the second place, college students, who have to juggle academic work, romantic relationships and a busy social calendar, are particularly susceptible to pressure. By touring, they can successfully manage and reduce stress.
Taking all these factors into consideration, we may predict that with the quickening pace of campus life and ever-increasing pressure, the number of university students touring will keep growing in the forthcoming decade.
这个饼图清楚地说明了在某大学学生旅游的目的。反映在图中,37%的大学生旅游,欣赏风景,接下来的目标是缓解压力,占33%。相比之下,学生的百分比旅行针对别人,交朋友和培养独立占15%,分别为9%和6%。
几个主要因素可能导致这种现象。首先,旅游可以给我们提供一个广泛的经验。在旅行中,我们会加入游客惊叹在尼亚加拉大瀑布的'难以置信的力量,与快乐的人群漫步在巴黎林荫大道和体验痛苦和快乐的人在不同的土地和在不同的时间。第二,大学生,必须兼顾学术工作,爱情和繁忙的社交日历,特别容易受到压力。通过旅游,他们能成功地管理和减轻压力。
考虑到所有这些因素,我们可以预测,与校园生活节奏的加快和不断增加的压力,大学生旅游的数量将继续增长在即将到来的十年。
篇8：考研英语二大作文真题
48.Directions:
Write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, your should
1)interpret the chart, and
2)give your comment.
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET.
The pie chart provides some interesting data regarding the family expense of urban residents during Spring Festival in our country. As is shown above, the family expense during the holiday is mainly used for gifts, accounting 40 percent of the whole expense.
Obviously, such statistics regarding family expenses reflects the lifestyles of the average urban family in China. To begin with, the most expense used for buying presents suggests that Chinese people are more likely to enjoy a lifestyle of communication during holidays, which may add more flavor to their routine life. What's more, it is interesting to note that urban residents attach importance to giving others gifts, thereby devoting much of the income to gifts for friends, relatives and family members. In addition, there is no denying in saying that the major factor responsible for the phenomenon is that urban people posses more money available for gifts thanks to the growth of urban economy.
Taking above-mentioned analysisinto account, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion: as the society further develops, the trend mirrored by the table is bound to continue for a couple of years in the forthcoming future.
篇9：考研英语二大作文真题
write an essay based on the following chart. In your writing, you should
1)interpret the chart and
2)give your comments
You should write about 150 words on the ANSWER SHEET .
Emerging from the bar-chart above is a popular phenomenon that the proportion of the students having par-time jobs has changed during the four years’ study. The proportion increases slightly from the first year to the third year, however, the fourth year has witnessed a fast increase, surging to 88.24%.
As they are about to enter into the society, more people think that concurrent post after school benefits greater than disadvantage, cast aside making money to no comment. The bar-chart above serves to remind us that qualifications are something essential if you want to find a good job after you leave school, but on the other hand, college students can get some working experience which is as valuable as their academic achievement.
Anyway, in my point of view, it is difficult to judge whether taking part time jobs is good or bad. It depends on how you deal with the relationship between working and learning. If you can balance it well, you are sure to get enough knowledge as well as experience, so as to get ready for your future success.
篇10：考研英语真题大历年
考研英语真题答案及详细解析
Section I Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
People are, on the whole, poor at considering background information when making individual decisions. At first glance this might seem like a strength that __1_ the ability to make judgments which are unbiased by _2_ factors. But Dr Simonsohn speculated that an inability to consider the big _3_ was leading decision-makers to be biased by the daily samples of information they were working with. _4_, he theorised that a judge _5_ of appearing too soft _6_crime might be more likely to send someone to prison __7_he had already sentenced five or six other defendants only to forced community service on that day.
To __8__this idea, they turned their attention to the university-admissions process. In theory, the ____9___ of an applicant should not depend on the few others___10____ randomly for interview during the same day, but Dr Simonsohn suspected the truth was____11____.
He studied the results of 9,323 MBA interviews _12_ by 31 admissions officers. The interviewers had _13_ applicants on a scale of one to five. This scale _14_ numerous factors into consideration. The scores were _15_ used in conjunction with an applicant’s score on the GMAT, a standardised exam which is _16_out of 800 points, to make a decision on whether to accept him or her.
Dr Simonsohn found if the score of the previous candidate in a daily series of interviewees was 0.75 points or more higher than that of the one _17__ that, then the score for the next applicant would_18_ by an average of 0.075 points. This might sound small, but to_19_the effects of such a decrease a candidate would need 30 more GMAT points than would otherwise have been _20__.
1. A grants B submits C transmits D dilivers
2. A minor B external C crucial D objective
3. A issue B vision C picture D moment
4. A Above all B On average C In principle D For example
5. A fond B fearful C capable D thoughtless
6. A in B for C to D on
7. A if B until C though D unless
8. A. test B.emphasize C.share D.promote
9. A.decision B.quality C.status D.success
10. A.found B.studied C.chosen D.identified
11. A.otherwise B.defensible C.replaceable D.exceptional
12. A. inspired B. expressed C. conducted D. secured
13. A. assigned B. rated C. matched D. arranged
14. A. put B. got C. took D. gave
15. A. instead B. then C. ever D. rather
16. A. selected B. passed C. marked D. introduced
17. A below B after C above D before
18. A jump B float C fluctuate D drop
19. A achieve B undo C maintain D disregard
20. A necessary B possible C promising D helpful
Section II Reading Comprehension
Part A
Directions: Read the following fourtexts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
Text 1
In the 2006 film version of The Devil Wears Prada ,Miranda Priestly, played by Meryl Streep, scolds her unattractive assistant for imagining that high fashion doesn’t affect her, Priestly explains how the deep blue color of the assistant’s sweater descended over the years from fashion shows to departments stores and to the bargain bin in which the poor girl doubtless found her garment.
This top-down conception of the fashion business couldn’t be more out of date or at odds with the feverish would described in Overdressed, Eliazabeth Cline’s three-year indictment of “fast fashion”. In the last decade or so ,advances in technology have allowed mass-market labels such as Zara ,H&M, and Uniqlo to react to trends more quickly and anticipate demand more precisely. Quicker turnarounds mean less wasted inventory, more frequent release, and more profit. These labels encourage style-conscious consumers to see clothes as disposable-meant to last only a wash or two, although they don’t advertise that –and to renew their wardrobe every few weeks. By offering on-trend items at dirt-cheap prices, Cline argues, these brands have hijacked fashion cycles, shaking an industry long accustomed to a seasonal pace.
The victims of this revolution , of course ,are not limited to designers. For H&M to offer a $5.95 knit miniskirt in all its 2,300-pius stores around the world, it must rely on low-wage overseas labor, order in volumes that strain natural resources, and use massive amounts of harmful chemicals.
Overdressed is the fashion world’s answer to consumer-activist bestsellers like Michael Pollan’s The Omnivore’s Dilemma. “Mass-produced clothing ,like fast food, fills a hunger and need, yet is non-durable and wasteful,” Cline argues. Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.
Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully. But as Cline is the first to note, it took Beaumont decades to perfect her craft; her example can’t be knocked off.
Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer. She exhibits the idealism common to many advocates of sustainability, be it in food or in energy. Vanity is a constant; people will only start shopping more sustainably when they can’t afford not to.
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her
[A] poor bargaining skill.
[B] insensitivity to fashion.
[C] obsession with high fashion.
[D] lack of imagination.
22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to
[A] combat unnecessary waste.
[B] shut out the feverish fashion world.
[C] resist the influence of advertisements.
[D] shop for their garments more frequently.
23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to
[A] accusation.
[B] enthusiasm.
[C] indifference.
[D] tolerance.
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph?
[A] Vanity has more often been found in idealists.
[B] The fast-fashion industry ignores sustainability.
[C] People are more interested in unaffordable garments.
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing.
25. What is the subject of the text?
[A] Satire on an extravagant lifestyle.
[B] Challenge to a high-fashion myth.
[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
[D] Exposure of a mass-market secret.
Text 2
An old saying has it that half of all advertising budgets are wasted-the trouble is, no one knows which half . In the internet age, at least in theory ,this fraction can be much reduced . By watching what people search for, click on and say online, companies can aim “behavioural” ads at those most likely to buy.
In the past couple of weeks a quarrel has illustrated the value to advertisers of such fine-grained information: Should advertisers assume that people are happy to be tracked and sent behavioural ads? Or should they have explicit permission?
In December 2010 America's Federal Trade Cornmission (FTC) proposed adding a “do not track ”(DNT) option to internet browsers ,so that users could tell adwertisers that they did not want to be followed .Microsoft's Internet Explorer and Apple's Safari both offer DNT ;Google's Chrome is due to do so this year. In February the FTC and Digltal Adwertising Alliance (DAA) agreed that the industry would get cracking on responging to DNT requests.
On May 31st Microsoft Set off the row: It said that Internet Explorer 10,the version due to appear windows 8, would have DNT as a default.
It is not yet clear how advertisers will respond. Geting a DNT signal does not oblige anyone to stop tracking, although some companies have promised to do so. Unable to tell whether someone really objects to behavioural ads or whether they are sticking with Microsoft’s default, some may ignore a DNT signal and press on anyway.
Also unclear is why Microsoft has gone it alone. Atter all, it has an ad business too, which it says will comply with DNT requests, though it is still working out how. If it is trying to upset Google, which relies almost wholly on default will become the norm. DNT does not seem an obviously huge selling point for windows 8-though the firm has compared some of its other products favourably with Google's on that count before. Brendon Lynch, M
Microsoft's chief privacy officer, bloggde:“we believe consumers should have more control.” Could it really be that simple?
26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[A] ease competition among themselves
[B] lower their operational costs
[C] avoid complaints from consumers
[D] provide better online services
27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:
[A] online advertisers
[B] e-commerce conductors
[C] digital information analysis
[D] internet browser developers
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default
[A] many cut the number of junk ads
[B] fails to affect the ad industry
[C] will not benefit consumers
[D] goes against human nature
29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6?
[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose
[B] Advertisers are willing to implement DNT
[C] DNT is losing its popularity among consumers
[D] Advertisers are obliged to offer behavioural ads
30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:
[A] indulgence
[B] understanding
[C] appreciaction
[D] skepticism
Text 3
Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely - though by no means uniformly - glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.
Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years . Look up Homo sapiens in the “Red List” of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: “Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline.”
So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organisations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence .
Perhaps willfully , it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.
But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.
31. Our vision of the future used to be inspired by
[A] our desire for lives of fulfillment
[B] our faith in science and technology
[C] our awareness of potential risks
[D] our belief in equal opportunity
32. The IUCN’s “Red List” suggest that human being are
[A] a sustained species
[B] a threaten to the environment
[C] the world’s dominant power
[D] a misplaced race
33. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 5?
[A] Arc helps limit the scope of futurological studies.
[B] Technology offers solutions to social problem.
[C] The interest in science fiction is on the rise.
[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive.
34. To ensure the future of mankind, it is crucial to
[A] explore our planet’s abundant resources
[B] adopt an optimistic view of the world
[C] draw on our experience from the past
[D] curb our ambition to reshape history
35. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
[A] Uncertainty about Our Future
[B] Evolution of the Human Species
[C] The Ever-bright Prospects of Mankind
[D] Science, Technology and Humanity
Text 4
On a five to three vote,the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizona's immigration law Monday-a modest policy victory for the Obama Aministration.But on the more important matter of the Constitution,the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the federal government and the states.
An arizona.United States,the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizona's controversial plan to have state and local police enfour federal immigrations law.The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Anturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial.Arizona had attempted to fashion state police that ran to the existing federal ones.
Justice Anthony Kennedy,joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Court's liberals,ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun .On the overturned provisions the majority held the congress had deliberately “occupied the field ” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federal's privileged powers
However,the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement.That’s because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.
Two of the three objecting Justice-Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas-agreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia,who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the alien and Sedition Acts.
The 8-0 objection to President Obama tures on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued tha Arizona’s laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.
Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government,and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status,it could.It could.It never did so.The administration was in essence asserting that because it didn't want to carry out Congress's immigration wishes,no state should be allowed to do so either.Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.
36. Three provisions of Arizona’s plan were overturned because they
[A] deprived the federal police of Constitutional powers.
[B] disturbed the power balance between different states.
[C] overstepped the authority of federal immigration law.
[D] contradicted both the federal and state policies.
37. On which of the following did the Justices agree,according to Paragraph4?
[A] Federal officers’ duty to withhold immigrants’information.
[B] States’ independence from federal immigration law.
[C] States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
[D] Congress’s intervention in immigration enforcement.
38. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that the Alien and Sedition Acts
[A] violated the Constitution.
[B] undermined the states’ interests.
[C] supported the federal statute.
[D] stood in favor of the states.
39. The White House claims that its power of enforcement
[A] outweighs that held by the states.
[B] is dependent on the states’ support.
[C] is established by federal statutes.
[D] rarely goes against state laws.
40. What can be learned from the last paragraph?
[A] Immigration issues are usually decided by Congress.
[B] Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
[C] Justices wanted to strengthen its coordination with Congress.
[D] The Administration is dominant over immigration issues.
Part B
Directions:
In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blanks. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the blanks. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1.(10 points)
The social sciences are flourishing.As of 2005,there were almost half a million professional social scientists from all fields in the world, working both inside and outside academia. According to the World Social Science Report 2010,the number of social-science students worldwide has swollen by about 11% every year since 2000.
Yet this enormous resource in not contributing enough to today’s global challenges including climate change, security,sustainable development and health.(41)______Humanity has the necessary agro-technological tools to eradicate hunger , from genetically engineered crops to arificial fertilizers . Here , too, the problems are social: the organization and distribution of food, wealth and prosperity.
(42)____This is a shame—the community should be grasping the opportunity to raise its influence in the real world. To paraphrase the great social scientist Joseph Schumpeter:there is no radical innovation without creative destruction .
Today ,the social sciences are largely focused on disciplinary problems and internal scholarly debates,rather than on topics with external impact.
Analyses reveal that the number of papers including the keywords “environmental changed” or “climate change” have increased rapidly since 2004,(43)____
When social scientists do tackle practical issues ,their scope is often local:Belgium is interested mainly in the effects of poverty on Belgium for example .And whether the community’s work contributes much to an overall accumulation of knowledge is doubtful.
The problem is not necessarily the amount of available funding (44)____this is an adequate amount so long as it is aimed in the right direction. Social scientists who complain about a lack of funding should not expect more in today’s economic climate.
The trick is to direct these funds better.The European Union Framework funding programs have long had a category specifically targeted at social scientists.This year,it was proposed that system be changed:Horizon 2020,a new program to be enacted in 2014,would not have such a category ,This has resulted in protests from social scientists.But the intention is not to neglect social science ; rather ,the complete opposite.(45)____That should create more collaborative endeavors and help to develop projects aimed directly at solving global problems.
[A] It could be that we are evolving two communities of social
scientists:one that is discipline-oriented and publishing in highly
specialized journals,and one that is problem-oriented and publishing
elsewhere,such as policy briefs.
[B] However,the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the
100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these
Keywords.
[C] the idea is to force social to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy; and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
[D] the solution is to change the mindset of the academic community, and what it considers to be its main goal. Global challenges and social innovation ought to receive much more attention from scientists, especially the young ones.
[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior . all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
Part C
Directions: Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
It is speculated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them: the need for creative expression. There is no doubt that gardens evidence an impossible urge to create, express, fashion, and beautify and that self-expression is a basic human urge; (46) Yet when one looks at the photographs of the garden created by the homeless, it strikes one that , for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak os various other fundamental urges, beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T. S. Eliot. (47)A sacred place of peace, however crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelter, which is a distinctly animal need. This distinction is so much so that where the latter is lacking, as it is for these unlikely gardens, the foemer becomes all the more urgent. Composure is a state of mind made possible by the structuring of one’s relation to one’s environment. (48) The gardens of the homeless which are in effect homeless gardens introduce from into an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such. In so doing they give composure to a segment of the inarticulate environment in which they take their stand.
Another urge or need that these gardens appear to respond to, or to arise from is so intrinsic that we are barely ever conscious of its abiding claims on us. When we are deprived of green, of plants, of trees, (49)most of us give into a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions, until one day we find ourselves in garden and feel the expression vanish as if by magic. In most of the homeless gardens of New York City the actual cultivation of plants is unfeasible, yet even so the compositions often seem to represent attempts to call arrangement of materials, an institution of colors, small pool of water, and a frequent presence of petals or leaves as well as of stuffed animals. On display here are various fantasy elements whose reference, at some basic level, seems to be the natural world. (50)It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions. In them we can see biophilia- a yearning for contact with nonhuman life-assuming uncanny representational forms.
46. yet when one looks at the photographs of the gardens created by the homeless, it strikes one that, for all their diversity of styles, these gardens speak of various other fundamental urges beyond that of decoration and creative expression.
47. A sacred place of peace, however, crude it may be, is a distinctly human need, as opposed to shelt which is a distinctly animal need.
48. The gardens of the homeless which are in efffect homeless garden introduce from in to an urban environment where it either didn’t exist or was not discernible as such
49 . Mast of us give in to a demoralization of spirit which we usually blame on some psychological conditions until one day we find ourselves in a garden and feel the oppression vanish as if by magic
50. It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of the word garden, though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.
Section III Writing
Part A
51.Directions:
Write an e-mail of about 100 words to a foreign teacher in your college,inviting him/her to be a judge for the upcoming English speech contest.
You should include the details you think necessary.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the e-mail.Use “Li Ming”instead.
Do not write the address.(10 points)
Part B
52.Directions:
Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing .In your essay,you should
1) describe the drawing briefly.
2) interpret its intended meaning ,and
3) give your comments.
You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(20points)
英语答案
1.A(grants)
2. B(external)
3. C(picture)
4. D(for example)
5. B(fearful)
6. D(on)
7. A(if)
8. A(test)
9. D(success)
10.C(chosen)
11.A(otherwise)
12.C(conducted)
13.B(rated)
14.C(took)
15.B(then)
16.C(marked)
17.D(before)
18.D(drop)
19.B(undo)
20.A(necessary)
Text 1
21. Priestly criticizes her assistant for her
[B] insensitivity to fashion.
22. According to Cline, mass-maket labels urge consumers to
[D] shop for their garments more frequently.
23. The word “indictment” (Line 3, Para.2) is closest in meaning to
[A] accusation.
24. Which of the following can be inferred from the lase paragraph
[D] Pricing is vital to environment-friendly purchasing
25. What is the subject of the text
[C] Criticism of the fast-fashion industry.
Text 2
26. It is suggested in paragraph 1 that “behavioural” ads help advertisers to:
[B] lower their operational costs
27. “The industry” (Line 6,Para.3) refers to:
[A] online advertisers
28. Bob Liodice holds that setting DNT as a default
[C] will not benefit consumers
29. which of the following is ture according to Paragraph.6
[A] DNT may not serve its intended purpose
30. The author's attitude towards what Brendon Lynch said in his blog is one of:
[D] skepticism
Text3
31·[B] our faith in science and technology
32·[A] a sustained species
33·[D] Our Immediate future is hard to conceive
34·[C] draw onour experience from the past
35·[C] TheEver-bright Prospects of Mankind
Text 4
36. [C]overstepped the authority of federal immigration law
37. [C]States’ legitimate role in immigration enforcement.
38. [D]stood in favor of the states
39. [A] outweighs that held by the states
40. [B]Justices intended to check the power of the Administrstion.
41.[E] These issues all have root causes in human behavior .all require behavioral change and social innovations , as well as technological development . Stemming climate change , for example , is as much about changing consumption patterns and promoting tax acceptance as it is about developing clean energy.
42.[F] Despite these factors , many social scientists seem reluctant to tackle such problems . And in Europe , some are up in arms over a proposal to drop a specific funding category for social-science research and to integrate it within cross-cutting topics of sustainable development .
43.[B] However, the numbers are still small:in 2010,about 1,600 of the 100,000 social-sciences papers published globally included one of these keywords.
44.[G] During the late 1990s , national spending on social sciences and the humanities as a percentage of all research and development funds-including government, higher education, non-profit and corporate -varied from around 4% to 25%; in most European nations , it is about 15%.
45.[C] the idea is to force social scientists to integrate their work with other categories, including health and demographic change food security, marine research and the bio-economy, clear, efficient energy;and inclusive, innovative and secure societies.
46. 然而,令人震惊的是,当人们看到又无家可归者建造的花园照片时,由于风格的多样性,所有这些花园显示了超越了装饰与创造性表现的其它各种各样的基本诉求.
47.尽管可能有点简陋,但这一神圣和平之地明显象征着人类需求,就好比外壳明显象征着动物需求.
48. 那些无家可归者的花园实际上是“无家可归”的家园,同花园被引入了城市,在那儿,它们之前即不存在也未曾像这样可以被辨识.
49 . 我们中的大部分人屈服于道德败坏,在某些心理状态下我们通常归咎于道德败坏,直到有一天我们发现自己身处花园,压迫感奇迹般地消失了.
50. 尽管在某种被解放的意义上,但正是这种含蓄或明显的对大自然的引用认可了使用“花园”一词来描述这些被合成的建筑。
51.
Dear Mr. Smith,
As a member of the Students’ Union, I am writing this letter to request whether you could serve as a judge in the English speech contest to be held in our university next Saturday.
This contest aims at improving the students’ communicative and practical ability in English, the details of which are as follows. To begin with, the participants are mainly the seniors who will step into the society three months later. In addition, the theme is concerning the utmost significance of future choice after graduation.
It is my sincere hope that you can present yourself in this extracurricular activity. I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Li Ming
52. 参考范文：
The set of cartoon given above dramatically features a scene of college graduates choosing their future destination. When stepping out of the ivory tower, the would-be graduates will confront with multiple choices, such as hunting a job, taking part in National Entrance Examination for MS/MA. What is conveyed in the picture carries a far-reaching implication for both us and our society.
The drawing is designed to remind us of the crucial importance of the distinctive goal in future development, which is a practical issue confronting every would-be graduate. On the one hand, for a real road, if stepping on a wrong way, one can return to the original point, but life is a one-way journey: one cannot start it all over again. Different choices in life may make great differences. On the other hand, to some extent, future is a combination of choices and efforts. Some people even believe that one’s success depends more on how intelligently he chooses than on how diligently he works. With a wrong direction the farther we go, the farther we are away from our dream.
Therefore, positive mental guidance must be popularized among the public, especially the young to help them keep a clear mind and make wise choices in the life journey. Besides, every youngster should be educated to realize his position and the reality and choose his life goal in a down-to-earth manner. Only with a right direction and destination can all the efforts make towards our dream pay off.
篇11：考研英语历年真题高频词组
考研英语历年真题高频词组
1.at the cost of 以……为代价
2.in charge （of） 负责，主管
3.（a） round the clock 昼夜不停地
4.in common 共用，共有，共同
5.in conclusion 最后，总之
6.on condition that 在……条件下
7.in confidence 信任
8.in connection with/to 关于
9.in consequence 因此，结果
10.in consequence of 由于……的缘故
11.on the contrary 反之，正相反
12.in contrast with/to 与……成对照
13.out of control 失去控制
14.under control 被控制住
15.at all costs 不惜任何代价
篇12：考研英语 如何利用英语历年真题
考研英语 如何利用英语历年真题
2012考研英语大纲出来后，基本上和去年没有实质性的变化，从历年的考研英语真题研究我们发现，在词汇和语法两个部分任然是重点，语法不在作为单独的考察项目出现，而是更加贴近我们的生活实际，阅读量的不断增大和翻译篇幅的加长上我们可以看出这点，然后在考研的冲刺阶段如何利用好历年的真题，作为考研多年的辅导专家我给大家一下几点建议：
第一、利用真题巩固词汇
词汇就是地基，虽然在基础阶段我们已经花费很多时间来记忆，但是记忆是会被时间遗忘的，所以要反复刺激我们的大脑重复记忆，然后我们也没有更多的时间拿着词汇书一个一个的过了，这个时候我们利用真题记忆词汇是最佳选择，因为真题中有历年我们常考词汇，再做题的时候我们不妨把一些我们不是掌握很好的词单独的写下来，并且将它的意思和后缀等还有所在语言环境中得应用，这样慢慢积累了我们就有自己的小小词汇册。每天只需要抽出几分钟的时候巩固一下这个小本即可。我在给学员的学习计划中很重视这一点的培养，效果比我们拿着厚厚的词汇重复记忆效率很高。
第二、考研真题中找语法的`影子
在历年考题的研究中我们会发现，我们以往所学过的任何语法项目都能在考研的真题当中找到影子，这是必然的，因为我们的知识结构就是这样的，很多同学不是很在意语法的复习认为只要词汇量到了就能读懂句子把题做对，其实不然，凭借语感做题只能解决我们短时间的达到做题的效果，这种方法其实只是治标不治本，最佳的解决方案是，拿出一本真题书，将自己所遇到的语法项目找出来，各个攻破，这才是绝招。
第三、深入分析句子、段落
真题中句子里面蕴含的意思，需要对其进行深入分析，包括它所涉及的语法项目和考点，将它和文章真题练习起来它在文章中起到什么作用，是不是主题句，单独拆分开我是不是能理解它的作用和意义，我能不能将其流畅的翻译出来，这个很关键，经常翻阅真的同学们可能会发现，一个句子的结构类型在文中出现的比例非常高，甚至每段都有重复，这就是他的关联性，倘若一个句子理解了，你能不能给你的同学或者朋友讲解，如果能顺利表达你的意思并能让对方理解那你就是成功的，至少你能说出一二三四五来，如此重复，定能达到“炉火纯青”你的英语学习也会有了质的飞跃。了解文章段落的结构模式，是总分总、还是总分结构，逻辑思维的培养有助于我们了解文章的特点和文章类型，分析的久了你会发现这其中的规律非常明显，一看文章你就知道这篇文章的类型时，你就明白了，考研其实不是那么难。
考研并不是人身中最重要的事情，它只是我们普通的一次考试而已，所以大家不用想的那么难，至少我感觉比起高考来说简单多了，只要坚持到最后都是胜利者，越是冲刺阶段越要调整好心态，最后希望大家2012考研金榜题名!
大学网考研频道。篇13：如何正确对待考研英语历年真题
如何正确对待考研英语历年真题
我觉得，对真题应该持一分为二的辩证态度。一，就历届真题而言，应把重点放在分析最近几年的真题上，做到分析过去，总结规律，因为近几年的真题在很大程度上反映了现在考研英语试题的命题动向，如题材、难度、命题思路、命题形式等。可见，从近几年的'真题中我们可以洞察到明年试题的方向和趋势，因此对考生现在的复习具有重要的指导价值。对于以后的真题作为复习资料操练是很有必要的，但决不能只看十年真题。因为十年真题题量不够。如阅读理解Part A，十年真题总共才40篇。仅靠40篇文章来应对明年考研肯定是不够的。
二，对近几年的真题的操练应在教师的直接指导下来进行，以便克服盲目性、增强自觉性、提高针对性。有的真题具有方向性、典型性，但也有少量真题命题不当。所以应由辅导老师进行去粗取精、去伪存真、由此及彼、由表及里的分析取舍。盲目做题，犹如瞎子摸象。只见现象、不见本质，只见局部、不见整体。一般来说，教师对近年真题有比较深入的研究，因此经过教师指导，考生可以迅速进入考研的切入点，从而辨明方向、改进方法、提高效率、节省时间，举一反三、事半功倍。
三，必须根据自身情况做一定量的模拟试题。模拟试题的选择十分重要。要选用有经验且认真负责的老师编写的辅导资料。可以向你们师兄、师姐请教一下，征求他/她们的意见作为选择参考。
四，有的考生说，真题应放到考前做。否则现在做完了，以后没有了。我认为这种说法不妥。我们准备考研时应首先接触真题，以便尽快进入考研状况：了解试题现状、体验试题难度、找出自身差距、明确前进方向等等。我的意见是，先做部分真题，再做部分模拟试题，交错进行，互相比对，去判断模拟试题的质量，去自测自己的语言能力和应试能力。
◆篇14：考研 如何利用英语历年真题
考研 如何利用英语历年真题
2012考研英语大纲出来后，基本上和去年没有实质性的变化，从历年的考研英语真题研究我们发现，在词汇和语法两个部分任然是重点，语法不在作为单独的考察项目出现，而是更加贴近我们的生活实际，阅读量的不断增大和翻译篇幅的加长上我们可以看出这点，然后在考研的冲刺阶段如何利用好历年的真题，给大家一下几点建议：
第一、利用真题巩固词汇
词汇就是地基，虽然在基础阶段我们已经花费很多时间来记忆，但是记忆是会被时间遗忘的，所以要反复刺激我们的大脑重复记忆，然后我们也没有更多的时间拿着词汇书一个一个的过了，这个时候我们利用真题记忆词汇是最佳选择，因为真题中有历年我们常考词汇，再做题的时候我们不妨把一些我们不是掌握很好的词单独的写下来，并且将它的意思和后缀等还有所在语言环境中得应用，这样慢慢积累了我们就有自己的小小词汇册。每天只需要抽出几分钟的时候巩固一下这个小本即可。我在给学员的学习计划中很重视这一点的培养，效果比我们拿着厚厚的词汇重复记忆效率很高。
第二、考研真题中找语法的影子
在历年考题的研究中我们会发现，我们以往所学过的任何语法项目都能在考研的真题当中找到影子，这是必然的，因为我们的知识结构就是这样的，很多同学不是很在意语法的复习认为只要词汇量到了就能读懂句子把题做对，其实不然，凭借语感做题只能解决我们短时间的达到做题的效果，这种方法其实只是治标不治本，最佳的解决方案是，拿出一本真题书，将自己所遇到的语法项目找出来，各个攻破，这才是绝招。
第三、深入分析句子、段落
真题中句子里面蕴含的意思，需要对其进行深入分析，包括它所涉及的语法项目和考点，将它和文章真题练习起来它在文章中起到什么作用，是不是主题句，单独拆分开我是不是能理解它的作用和意义，我能不能将其流畅的翻译出来，这个很关键，经常翻阅真的同学们可能会发现，一个句子的结构类型在文中出现的比例非常高，甚至每段都有重复，这就是他的关联性，倘若一个句子理解了，你能不能给你的.同学或者朋友讲解，如果能顺利表达你的意思并能让对方理解那你就是成功的，至少你能说出一二三四五来，如此重复，定能达到“炉火纯青”你的英语学习也会有了质的飞跃。了解文章段落的结构模式，是总分总、还是总分结构，逻辑思维的培养有助于我们了解文章的特点和文章类型，分析的久了你会发现这其中的规律非常明显，一看文章你就知道这篇文章的类型时，你就明白了，考研其实不是那么难。
考研并不是人身中最重要的事情，它只是我们普通的一次考试而已，所以大家不用想的那么难，至少我感觉比起高考来说简单多了，只要坚持到最后都是胜利者，越是冲刺阶段越要调整好心态，最后希望大家2012考研金榜题名！
-
。★ 历年雅思真题
考研英语二大作文历年真题（共14篇）
