“喵喵爱吃鸡”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了11篇英语翻译技巧：比较结构，下面是小编为大家整理后的英语翻译技巧：比较结构，仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢!
- 目录
篇1：英语翻译技巧：比较结构
英语翻译技巧：比较结构
从理解与表达的角度来看，比较的形式是次要的，真正重要的是意义上的比较。只要意义上表示比较，就属于比较句式。常见的比较结构的意义很容易理解，所以也比较容易翻译，如：I am taller than he.(我比他高)。因此，这里不再叙述基本比较结构的翻译方法，而主要介绍在意义上容易混淆的比较结构的翻译。
一、as…as…句型
(一)as…as…句型
as…as…句型是同级比较，表示两者比较程度一样。所以在翻译的时候，通常翻译为“…和….一样”。
My parcel is as heavy as yours.
我的包裹和你的包裹一样重。
She is as much interested in music as ever.
她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。
The economic development in our country is as stable recently as formerly.
近，我国的经济发展和以前一样稳定。
(二)not as (or so)…as…句型
跟as…as…句型相反的结构not as (or so)…as…表示两者的程度不一样，前者不如后者，所以，通常翻译为“…不如…”。
My uncle is not as (or so) tall as your father.
我叔叔不如你父亲高。
People are not so honest as they once were.
人们现在不如过去那样诚实了。
(三)not so much …as…句型
not so much …as…这个结构表示的基本意义和not as (or so)…as…一样，但是通常翻译为“与其说…不如说…”。
He was not so much angry as disappointed.
他与其说是生气，还不如说是失望了。(可以理解为：“他的生气不如失望多”，就是说“他更多的是失望，愤怒是其次。”)
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.
海洋与其说是把世界分割开来，还不如说是把世界连接在一起。
(四)not so much as…句型
not so much as…这个结构相当于“not even…”，所以通常翻译为“甚至不…，甚至没有…”。请注意与not so much …as…这个结构的区别。
He didn’t so much as ask me to set down.
他甚至没有请我坐下。
He cannot so much as spell a word.
他甚至连一个词也不会写.
He hadn’t so much as his fare home.
他甚至连回家的路费都没有了。
二、比较级+ than to do…句型
由比较级与than to do sth.结合在一起的句型，通常翻译为“不至于做某事”。
You ought to know better than to go swimming on such a cold day.
你不至于这么冷的天气去游泳吧。
I have more sense than to tell him about our plan.
我不至于傻到会把我们的计划告诉他。
I had a better command of English than to make such foolish mistakes.
我的英语学得很好，不至于犯这样愚蠢的错误。
三、more…than…句型
(一)more A than B句型
more A than B通常用于同一个人或者事物在两个不同性质或者特征上面的比较。翻译为“与其说B，不如说A”。类似的结构还有less A than B，翻译为“与其说A，不如说B”，请注意这两个结构中“与其实说”与“不如说”的对象，即A与B两者的在翻译中的位置。
He is more good than bad.
与其说他很坏，不如说他很好。
He is less good than bad.
与其说他很好，不如说他很坏。
He is more a writer than a teacher.
与其说他是老师，不如说他是作家。
(二)more than…句型
在英语中，如果more than…句型后面所跟的词性不相同，意义也不尽相同，所以应该用不同的汉语词来翻译。
1.more than后面接数词，表示“多于…，….以上”的意思。
I have known him for more than twenty years.
我已经认识她二十多年了。
I have more than ten dollars in my pocket.
我口袋里还有十多美元。
2.more than后面接名词或者动词，表示“不只是…”的意思。
He is more than a father to her.
他待她胜过父亲。
He more than smiled, but laughed.
他不只是微笑，而是放生大笑。
3.more than后面接形容词、副词或者分词，表示“极其，非常”的意思。
She was more than kind to us.
他对我们非常友好。
He was more than upset by the accident.
这个意外事故让他非常心烦。
4.more than… can…则表示“难以…，完全不能…”的意思。
That is more than I can understand.
那件事情，我实在是不明白。
The cold was more than the children could bear.
寒冷是孩子们所不能忍受的。
(三)no more …than…句型
no more …than…句型在意义上与not any more than….一样，表示对两者都否定，所以可以翻译为“…和….一样不，不…正如…，既不…也不…，…和…两者都不”。跟no more …than…句型相近，但是意义相反的句型是no less…than…，可以翻译为“既是…，也是…，两者都是…”。
His grammar is no better than mine.
他的语法同我的一样不好。
He is no more a writer than a painter.
他既不是画家也不是作家。
He is no less a writer than a painter.
他既是画家也是作家。
I am no more a poet than he is a scholar.
我不是诗人，正如他不是学者一样。
翻译资格考试笔译三级练习题
Are you interested in seeing the beautiful fall foliage of New England but tired of traffic jams and overbooked hotels? Then this year forget the crowds in New England and see the beautiful colors of autumn in the Catskills.
These rugged mountains in New York State, just 90 miles northwest of New York City, are famous for the legendary tales of Rip Van Winkle, and more recently for the summer hotels that sprang up in the region during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Families trying to escape the heat of New York City found the Catskills to be the perfect place to stay for a month or so each summer. By the late 1950s there were over 500 resorts and hotels offering nighttime entertainment as well as all kinds of outdoor activities. Famous comedians like Jackie Gleason, Joan Rivers, and Sid Caesar all got their start touring the hotel clubs here. Since the introduction of air-conditioning and cheaper air travel, however, families have stopped coming to the Catskills in such large numbers, choosing instead more distant locations at different times of the year. Many of the Catskills hotels closed in the 1970s, but some remain and have expanded and changed their facilities to meet the needs of today’s visitors.
Currently, there are many activities available to the traveler besides witnessing the changing colors of the leaves. There is an all-organic sheep farm where visitors can see how a traditional sheep farm operates. There are also hundreds of miles of scenic drives in the area. Route 42, for instance, is an excellent site for spotting bald eagles. For more information on vacations in the Catskills, call the Office of Public Information.
61. The author’s main purpose is to ________.
A. promote the Catskills as a vacation destination
B. introduce visitors to famous Catskills entertainers
C. describe the history of the Catskills region
D. compare the Catskills to New England
62. The word “rugged” underlined in Paragraph 2 means ________.
A. barren
B. rough
C. tall
D. lush
63. According to the passage, the decline in the number of resorts in the 1970s was caused by ________.
A. television
B. shorter vacations
C. affordable air travel
D. more traffic
64. The phrase “sprang up” underlined in Paragraph 2 refers to something that has ________.
A. burst forth
B. spread out
C. operated vigorously
D. joined together
65. In what season would a tourist most likely have visited the Catskills in the 1950s?
A. Fall.
B. Winter.
C. Spring.
D. Summer.
66. The author’s tone in this passage is ________.
A. light and encouraging
B. informative and scientific
C. humorous and skeptical
D. regretful and reminiscent
67. From the passage, what might a visitor be lucky enough to do?
A. See fall leaves in color.
B. See a kind of bird.
C. Work on a sheep farm.
D. Drive on scenic roads.
68. The word “drives” underlined in Paragraph 3 refers to ________.
A. excursions
B. tracks
C. paths
D. canyons
69. The word “spotting” underlined in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A. photographing
B. seeing
C. painting
D. shooting
70. The author implies that in the Catskills there are few ________.
A. leaves
B. eagles
C. people
D. sheep
参考答案：
61. A 62.B 63. C 64. A 65. D
66. A 67.B 68. A 69. B 70. C
20catti笔译三级强化练习题
Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one instance; another is the rise of despots like Hitler. Both examples also point up the fact that attitudes stem from experience. In one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was indirect and cumulative. The Nazis were indoctrinated largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read. The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a strategic position to influence attitudes. This is true partly because children acquire attitudes from those adults whose word they respect. Another reason it is true is that pupils often delve somewhat deeply into a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who had previously acquired little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of handling such a unit would greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans. The media through which the teacher can develop wholesome attitudes are innumerable. Social studies (with special reference to races, creeds and nationalities), science matters of health and safety, the very atmosphere of the classroom… these are a few of the fertile fields for the inculcation of proper emotional reactions. However, when children come to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to attempt to change their feelings by cajoling or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain constructive experiences. To illustrate, first grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably alter their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way, a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research, outside reading and all-day trips. Finally, a teacher must constantly evaluate her own attitudes, because her influence can be deleterious if she has personal prejudices. This is especially true in respect to controversial issues and questions on which children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions as a result of objective analysis of all the facts.
81.The central idea of the above passage is that ________.
A. attitudes affect our actions
B. teachers are important in developing or changing pupils’ attitudes
C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences
D. by their attitudes, teachers inadvertently affect pupils’ attitudes
82. The word “despot” underlined in Paragraph 2 means a person ________.
A. who enjoys a high reputation
B. who is very successful in politics
C. with unlimited powers
D. who deposits a large sum of money in a bank
83. The pupils’ attitudes are NOT influenced by ________.
A. their parents’ persuasion to behave properly
B. their teachers’ attitudes
C. the speeches they hear and the books they read
D. such media as social studies, science matter and classroom atmosphere
84. It can be inferred from the passage that the pupils ________.
A. usually study a certain subject in greater details at home than at school
B. usually do not study a certain subject at home
C. study the subjects only at school
D. study a subject more deeply at school than at home
85. The example of the pupils’ learning about Mexico shows that ________.
A. a child usually learns the right things from their teachers
B. a teacher can correct a pupil’s wrong ideas
C. a teacher’s attitude can influence a child’s attitude by teaching
D. a child’s attitude is very changeable
86. The author implies that ________.
A. the teacher should guide all discussions by revealing her own attitude
B. in some aspects of social studies a greater variety of methods can be used in the upper grades than in the lower grades
C. people usually act on the basis of reasoning rather than emotion
D. children’s attitudes often come from those of other children
87. A statement made or implied in the passage is that ________.
A. attitudes can be based on the learning of falsehoods
B. a child can develop in the classroom an attitude about the importance of brushing his teeth
C. attitudes cannot easily be changed by rewards and lectures
D. the attitudes of elementary school-aged children are influenced primarily by their teachers
88. The passage specifically states that ________.
A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones
B.whatever attitudes a child learns in school have already been introduced at home
C. teachers should always conceal their own attitudes
D. teachers can sometimes have an unwholesome influence on children
89. From the last paragraph, we can see that ________.
A. a teacher’s influence on children is always positive
B. children should be encouraged to reach their own decisions by ignoring objective facts
C. if improperly handled, a teacher’s influence can be very harmful to the children
D. children may develop prejudices if the teacher’s attitude is wrong
90. The author of this passage tries to ________.
A. present certain facts of how the development of a person’s attitude can be influenced
B. how that our society is not doing enough to help children shape their attitudes
C. point out that teachers are the only people who can influence the children’s attitudes
D. prove that speeches and books are the only factors to indoctrinate children
参考答案：
81. B 82.C 83. A 84. D 85. C
86. B 87.D 88. D 89. C 90. A
英语翻译
篇2：考研英语翻译: 比较结构
2013考研英语翻译: 比较结构
1 Science, in practice, depends far less on the experiments it prepares than on the preparedness of the minds of the men who watch the experiments.2 Yet their present development is wholly different, not so much because of different people even, but because of the different thoughts that exist in the minds of their inhabitants.
3 If experiments are planned and carried out according to plan as faithfully as the reports in the science journals indicate, then it is perfectly logical for management to expect research to produce results measurable in dollars and cents.
4 But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
5 Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.
6 While there are almost as many definitions of history as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
7 Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning, of the very same kind, though differing in degree, as that which a scientific man goes through in tracing the causes of natural phenomena.
8 It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other is on the microscope.
9 There is probably no better way for a foreigner (or an Englishman) to appreciate the richness and variety of the English language than by studying the various ways in which Shakespeare uses it.
10 These proposals sought to place greater restrictions on the use and copying of digital information than exist in traditional media.
篇3：考研英语翻译 比较结构
考研英语翻译也是考研英语中很重要的一个题型，下面是中国考研培训网整理的考研英语翻译提高笔记，关于比较结构句型的翻译方法。
比较结构
一、as…as…句型
(一)as…as…句型
My parcel is as heavy as yours.我的包裹和你的.包裹一样重。
She is as much interested in music as ever.她和以前一样对音乐感兴趣。
The economic development in our country is as stable recently as formerly.最近，我国的经济发展和以前一样稳定。
考研英语翻译提高(二)not as (or so)…as…句型
My uncle is not as (or so) tall as your father.我叔叔不如你父亲高。
People are not so honest as they once were.人们现在不如过去那样诚实了。
(三)not so much …as…句型
通常翻译为“与其说…不如说…”。
was not so much angry as disappointed.他与其说是生气，还不如说是失望了。(可以理解为：“他的生气不如失望多”，就是说“他更多的是失望，愤怒是其次。”)
The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it.海洋与其说是把世界分割开来，还不如说是把世界连接在一起。
Bad writing is caused not so much by mistakes in grammar as by weakness in style.拙劣的写作，与其说是语法上的错误，还不如说是由于文体上的弱点。
考研英语翻译提高 (四)not so much as…句型
not so much as…这个结构相当于“not even…”，所以通常翻译为“甚至不…，甚至没有…”。请注意与not so much …as…这个结构的区别。
He didn’t so much as ask me to set down. 他甚至没有请我坐下。
He cannot so much as spell a word 他甚至连一个词也不会写。
He hadn’t so much as his fare home. 他甚至连回家的路费都没有了。
二、比较级+ than to do…句型
通常翻译为“不至于做某事”。
You ought to know better than to go swimming on such a cold day. 你不至于这么冷的天气去游泳吧。
大学网考研频道。篇4：浅谈英语翻译技巧
浅谈英语翻译技巧
题型介绍
研究生英语考试中的翻译是从一篇400字左右的文章中划出5个句子，要求考生在30分钟内将其翻译成中文，分值10分，考纲上关于翻译部分的规定是：“能将一般难度的英语短文译成汉语，理解基本正确，译文达意。”也就是说，翻译是一项对考生综合能力要求比较高的题型，它不仅要求考生对词汇、语法、语篇以及文化知识等有较好的掌握，还要求考生有很强的语言组织能力。
从近年的考研翻译真题可以看出，文章的题材大多是有关政治、经济、文化、教育、科普以及社会生活等方面的内容，文体以议论文为主，说明文为辅，结构严谨，逻辑性强。除此之外，长难句较多，这给考生在规定时间内准确地完成翻译增加了难度。
明确了考研英语翻译的特点之后，我们有针对性地来谈一下翻译技巧。在此之前，我们必须明确翻译的标准和过程。
翻译标准
在我国近现代，最有影响的翻译标准是严复的“信、达、雅”。就考研英语翻译而言，由于主要是自然科学和社会科学类的文章，加上时间有限，我们无法在“雅”这一标准上做文章，
“达”，即通顺，译文必须通顺且符合汉语的语言习惯，这是一个重要的评分标准。“信”，即忠于原文，是翻译的最高标准。由于要翻译的5个句子是从一篇文章中截取出来的，因而译文必须和上下文表达的意思一致。如果歪曲了原文的`意思，那么该句的得分不得超过0.5分。举一个非常典型的例子：
The importance of English language in communication cannot be overestimated.
刚看到这个句子时，很多考生可能马上会翻译成：“英语语言在交流中的作用不能被过高估计。”但是，根据上下文来理解，这个翻译是不对的。事实上，这个英语句子本身就有歧义，有两种截然相反的理解方式，这时，考生要根据上下文的提示，认识到这个句子应当是讲英语的重要性，必须翻译成：“英语在交流中的重要性，怎么高估也不过分。”所以，翻译不能扭曲原意，这是考研翻译的基本标准。我们这里强调的“信”和“达”，实际上也是我国翻译界普遍认可的标准：即忠实和通顺。
翻译过程
很多学者对翻译过程都有过著名的表述，比如沃吉林的循序渐进翻译方法：①逐词对译；②整理成符合译语规范的句子；③删除多余及不搭配的成分；④增添译文所需的成分；⑤语言加工。奈达则把翻译分成三阶段：①找核心句；②译核心句；③由核心句生成译语表层句。由于考研英语翻译大部分句型都是长难句，这一过程显得尤为重要。简而言之，首先要找出句子的主干部分，然后再处理其余的细枝末节，如修饰成分之类的。考试中，考生应该先略读全文，从大体上把握文章的意思，然后分析需要翻译的句子，找出主干，并明确代词如it、this、that、these等所指代的内容。接着，进一步分析句子在整篇文章中的作用及整体意思，分析完后开始翻译，使语句尽量通顺，并与上下文意思相符合。最后是检查，看拼写有无错误，时态是否正确，标点符号是否正确，数字、年份有无错误，以及有无自己的主观增减。
篇5：考研英语翻译比较结构讲解
比较结构作为考研中一个非常重要的知识点，经常出现在翻译、阅读考点句等很重要的地方。如果不能正确理解比较结构，会出现有些句子理解完全相反或者根本无法理解的现象。因此掌握比较结构的应用至关重要。然而经过基础阶段的学习，大家虽然都对比较结构有了初步的学习和了解，但是很多同学还是经常会被混乱的比较结构短语或句型弄得晕头转向，根本不知道怎么理解、怎么翻译。本文将对比较结构进行分类规整，让大家再也不会被繁杂凌乱的比较结构所困扰。比较结构分为以下两大类：
一、表示两类事物一样时，有以下结构：
1. as... as...：和……一样……
2. as much / many…as…：和……一样多的……
3. no less...than ...(=not any less...than...)：和……一样都……
4. no more...than ...(=not any more...than...)：和……一样不……
二、表示两类事物不同时，有以下结构：
1. more …than...：比……多，比……更加;与其说是(后者)，不如说是(前者)
2. less …than...(=not so much...as...)：比……少;与其说是(前者)，不如说是(后者)
3. not so... as...：是(后者)，不是(前者)
比较结构在考研中的应用比较灵活，如果仅仅是对比较结构的短语死记硬背，那么在考试时遇到句子还是不能理解。因此，对比较结构的分析显得尤为重要。接下来将以真题句子为例，给大家演示比较结构句子如何分析，如何理解。
例1：But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (第49题)
【分析】
A. 句子拆分：But his primary task is not // to think about the moral code//, which governs his activity, //any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.
本句的主语为his primary task，is not是系动词，to think about the moral code是表语，which governs his activity定语从句，修饰the moral code;any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business是比较状语从句。
B. 词义确定：moral code道德准则;dedicate to致力于，献身于;exploration探究，探讨
C. 参考译文：但是，他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行为的道德准则，就如同我们不能指望商人专注于探讨行业规范一样。
D. 技巧点拨：本题考查的是no more than 的变体not…any more than，这两个结构都是表示两个事物之间的类比关系，由上下文可判断这里类比的对象是his primary task和businessman。该结构表示两者都否定。因此，主句需要否定，译为“他的主要任务不是……”，而且从句里谓语is expected是肯定形式，但翻译时一定要译成否定“不能指望”。
例2：Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool. [1994年第71题]
【分析】
A. 句子拆分：Science moves forward, they say, not so much // through the insights of great men of genius // as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool.
句中they say为插入语;Science是句子的主语，moves forward为谓语, not so much…as…是比较结构;其中，through the insights of great men of genius和because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool为被比较对象。
B. 词义确定：move forward前进，发展;insight洞察力，深刻见解;genius天才
C. 参考译文：他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见，不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。
D. 技巧点拨：本题考查的是not so much A as B 这一比较句型。比较的对象是两个介词短语：through the insights of great men of genius 和because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tool，是对science moves forward(科学发展)这个事情的两种途径进行比较，即同一事物的两个方面进行比较，所以此比较结构译为“与其说……不如说……”。
综上所述，在强化阶段，要掌握以上两大类比较结构，除了记住这些表达之外，最主要的是要多在例句中对各个表达进行理解记忆。只要能在理解的基础上记忆，做到灵活运用以上短语，那么考生在考试中碰到任何的比较结构时，都不会再出现束手无策的现象，从此比较结构再也不是考生谈之色变的话题。
篇6：考研英语翻译 插入结构
考研英语翻译也是考研英语中很重要的一个题型，下面是中国考研培训网整理的考研英语翻译提高笔记，关于插入结构句型的翻译方法。
插入结构
一、副词插入语
Apparently, it is going to rain.很明显，要下雨了。
Fortunately, I passed the examination.幸运的`是，我通过了考试。
Incidentally, your proposal has been put to the discussion at the meeting.顺便说一句，你的建议已经提交会议进行讨论了。
He was luckier, however, because he was only slightly wounded.然而，他比较幸运，因为他只是受了点轻伤。
He is young. He has much experience in teaching English, though.他很年轻，但是他有丰富的英语教学经验。
考研英语翻译提高 二、形容词短语作插入语
一般翻译为“…的是，…”这样的结构。
Most important of all, computers create wide communication around the world.最重要的是，计算机在世界范围内建立了广泛的交流。
I slept late yesterday morning; worse still, my bike was out of order.昨天早上我起得晚。更糟糕的是，我的自行车坏了。
Strange enough, he doesn’t know that famous writer.奇怪的是，他竟然不知道那位著名的作家。
三、介词短语作插入语
all in all(总而言之)，as a matter of fact(事实上)，as a result(结果)，at worst(在最坏的情况下)，by the way(顺便说一句)，first of all(首先)，for example(例如)，in conclusion(总之，最后)，in fact(事实上)，in effect(实际上)，in my opinion(依我我看来，我认为)，in other words(换句话说，换言之)，in short(简言之)，to my delight(让我高兴的是)，to one’s amazement(使某人惊讶的是)，to one’s deep regret(使某人深感遗憾的是)，to one’s relief(使某人感到欣慰的是)，to one’s surprise(使某人感到吃惊的是)等。
China, in fact, has caught up with and surpassed the world advanced levels in many respects.事实上，中国已经在许多方面赶上和超过了世界先进水平。
What happen to him, by the way?顺便问一句，他后来怎么样了?
大学网考研频道。篇7：考研英语翻译: 强调结构
2013考研英语翻译: 强调结构
1 Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.2 Thus, in the American economic system it is the demands of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
3 Nor is it only the ignorant and ill-educated person who has such faith in the bottle of medicine, especially if it be wrapped in white paper by a clever chemist,
4 The implications of all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the disturbance of dreaming.
5 It is only in the study of man himself that the major social sciences have substituted the study of one local variation, that of Western civilization, for the study of the whole human civilization.
6 It is when the control over immediate environment is threatened, or violated in some way by other road users that anger and rage result.
7 When I try to understand what it is that it prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one expects, it seems to me that there are two causes.
8 It is animals and plants which lived in or near water whose remains are most likely to be preserved, for one of the necessary conditions of preservation is quick burial, and it is only in the seas and rivers, and sometimes lakes, where mud and silt have been continuously deposited, that bodies and the like can be rapidly covered over and preserved.
9 It was after reading Adam Smith’s The wealth of Nations that Jim Green became fascinated buy the economic theory.
10 It was not until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.
篇8：六级英语翻译技巧
一、分句法
把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子.使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子
如：八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作
译: It was in mid-August, and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句.
二、合句法
把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例：她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句.
三、正译法
就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。
例:我们强烈反对公司的新政策
译: We strongly object the company's new policy.
四、反译法
就汉译英而言,就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语.
例：酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走
译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.
五、顺序法
顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序.不会影明对原文内容的理解.
例:即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作:开动电冰箱，把水加热或使室内空调机继续运转。
Even when we tum off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep, electricity is working for us, driving
our refrigerators,heating our water,or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.
在句子中.句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句,后半句的“开动”，“加热”，“使……运转”都是“电在为我们工作”的具体内容。因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing形式。
补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思.采用顺序法翻译，达到了“精确，通顺”的目的
六、逆序法
逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译.以便更好地传达原文的内容。
例:他经常做礼拜的时候.总坐在固定的座位上.可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。
They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.
七、增词法
译文中添加一些原文没有的词句，表面上看似不忠实于原文，但仔细分析就会发现这些增加的词句所表达的意思并非无中生有，而是隐含在原文中的。要知道，从一种语言文字向另一种语言文字转换,有时可以找到一种语言文字在另一种语言文字中的对等词,然而要想全部依赖对等词的转换来达到翻译的目的是几乎不可能的。不同语言文字所持有的习惯仍决定了必须根据其中一种语言文字的习惯来适当地增词(或减词.达到多语言交际的目的。如果机械地按照字面意义直译，不仅不能表达原文的思想、精神与形象，而且还会使译文前后矛盾，闹出笑话。试想，如把“七擒孟获”机械译成:to catch /capture MengHuo for 7 times，不同文化背景的外国读者就很难真正理解这个典故的内涵。
例:听到你平安的消息，非常高兴
译文:I was very glad on hearing that you were in safety!(增补主语.
除了在翻译时要注意及时增补语法功能词之外，有时还需要增补与汉语文化内涵相关的信息。如:“三个臭皮匠，抵个诸葛亮”应当译文:Three cobblers with their wits combined equal ZhuGeLiang,the master mind.译文里the master mind就是个增补注释性表达，否则外国人不可能知道ZhuGeLiang是谁.
八、减词法
减词是在不影响原意的情况下省略无关紧要的词语，避免拖泥带水。如“他们开始研究近况,
分析近况”中的两个‘近况”可以省略一个,只译成They began to study and analyze the recent situation.因为原汉语句中的两个近况是为了强调，但英文里如果也译成两个the recentsituation,不仅显得罗嗦，也不符合英文表达习惯。
例：这种制度，条件成熟的可以实行，条件不成熟的不要实行
译文:This system can be adopted where conditions are ripe and not otherwise.(省略原文中重复
出现的词语.
九、词性转换
词性转换不仅是重要的译词手段.也是常用的句法转换变通手段.是一种常用的翻译技巧。
说白了，就是在必要的时候，将原文中的某个词的词性在译文里用其他词性表达出来。这种转换会使译文更加灵活变通，不必拘泥于原文形式，却能更准确传达出原文内涵。本部分内容主要从汉译英入手。从四个方面加以说明。
篇9：六级英语翻译技巧
1.汉语动词的转换
汉语动词的使用频率远远高于英语，这是因为按照英语句法，受主谓关系的限制，一个简单
句或分句大多只有一个谓语动词。而且，英语还可以通过谓语动词以外各种词性的词来体现
动词意义。因此将汉语句子里的动词转换为英语里其他词性的词是翻译中的常用技巧之一。
例：这本书反映了30年代的中国社会
译文:The book is a reflection of Chinese society in the 1930s(将汉语动词转换为英语名词.
2.汉语名词的转换
英语中有很多由名词派生的动词，以及由名词转用的副词、形容词等。在汉译英时，汉语中
的名词常常可以产生一些转换,从而更简洁有力地表达原文。
例：他们尽了最大的努力帮助病号和伤员
译文:They did their best to help the sick and the wounded(汉语名词转换为英语副词.
3.汉语形容词的转换
在汉译英时，汉语的形容词往往可以译成英语中的名词或副词，这些名词或副词通常具有抽
象意义，而且往往由某些形容词派生而来。
例：我们感到，解决这个复杂的问题是困难的
译文:We found difficulty in solving this complicated problem.(汉语形容词转换为英语名词.
4.汉语副词的转换
有时出于修辞和句法结构的需要，往往把汉语中的副词用英语其他词性的词来表达，这也是翻译中的一个常用技巧
例:独立思考对学习是绝对必须的
译文:Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.(汉语副词转换为英语名词.
十、综合法
有些句子单独使用一种翻译方法是很难翻译好的，需要用几种方法进行综合处理，然后再按照时间顺序，主从结构或逻辑关系等重新排列，即进行句子重组。
1. 要注意汉语和英语在主语使用上的差别。汉译英时，不能完全按照汉语的主语来确定译文的主语。考生在选择主语前要充分理解汉语句子，并注意译文的主谓搭配是否合理。
2. 调整语序。汉语和英语的语序也有同有异，考生在翻译时要摆脱汉语结构的束缚，适当进行语序的调整，以翻译出流畅的英文。
3. 重复与省略语言现象的处理。汉语中的重复现象多，而英语中的省略现象多，考生在翻译时可酌情使用减译法，用省略或替代的方式来翻译汉语的重复信息，以使译文更为地道、更为流畅。
4.增译法。增译法也是翻译中常用的方法之一，在进行汉译英时，有时需要增加一些原文中无其形但有其意的词(组)或句子，补充一些必要的解释性信息，以更恰当地表达原文的意思。
5. 句子结构。汉语强调意合，句子结构比较松散，而英语强调形合，句子结构比较紧凑，在汉译英时，可在保证语法正确的前提下将细碎的汉语短句连接起来，译为逻辑关系紧密的英语长句。
6.习语的翻译。在对习语进行翻译时，要准确处理原文中的文化意象：可省略原文中的文化意象，直接表达原文的含义;可改变原文中的文化意象，用英语读者能够理解的意象表达出与原文同样的含义;可保留原文中的文化意象，必要时辅以注释，以说明其特别含义。
[六级英语翻译技巧]
篇10：英语翻译学习技巧
英语翻译学习技巧
一. 翻译的技巧
没有技巧，只有一个熟字。华罗庚说过，“苦干猛干埋头干，熟能生出百巧来”。语法根基深厚，词汇量大，对专业词汇掌握得熟，自然就能驾轻就熟，怎么玩儿怎么转。简单地说，基本功扎实就是技巧。
二. 翻译中最重要的项目
语法、词汇和专业知识。语法是最重要的，初中和高中学到的核心的东西其实就是语法。如果语法不好，和老外交流可能会很顺畅，但是做翻译不行，翻译不仅要求能让读者明白意思，而且要专业，英孚英语这个必不可少。
三. 翻译中的语法
语法就是公式。为什么很多译员朋友喜欢做汉译英而不喜欢做英译汉?就是因为汉译英的有公式可套，英译汉的没有公式可套。
四. 评价一份稿件的翻译质量
1.符合逻辑;2.没有语法错误;3.专业知识无错误。做到了这三点，一篇译稿的质量就保证住了，如果对语言的驾驭能力强，文采飞扬，行云流水，那当然就最好不过了。
五.做到译文顺畅的方法
采取意译。有些译文读起来晦涩难懂，但参照原文却又找不出什么错误，这就是直译较多的缘故。直译会让人一读就知道这是一篇译稿，用行话说这叫翻译痕迹太重。
初中英语基础提高方法
1、上课认真听讲，多做笔记。老师所讲的都是比较重要的内容，只有认真听讲，多做笔记，课下才知道哪些是重点知识，才有重点的去学习。
2、一定要有一本英语词典，勤翻词典。我不爱背单词，从来不背单词，但是常常会遇到不认识的词，于是我就常常翻词典，翻得次数多了，对于那些不熟的单词也就熟了。
强调一下：尽量多背一点单词，这样可以大大减少翻字典所耗时间，提高效率。
3、必须把语法搞懂，搞透彻。我当初不爱背单词，所有的业余时间都用在补语法知识上，打乒乓球的时候还带着语法书看。学习语法时，不需要太多的资料，一本语法书完全搞明白就够用了，英语语法内容就那么多，最重要的是会总结、对比记忆。
提醒：就我个人经历而言，语法比单词更重要，只要语法学的透彻、牢靠，那么做题时会事半功倍，通过语法分析出来的答案，往往比语感的答案把握性大，准确性高。
4、平时做题时，多做笔记。在你做每一道题时，都有可能遇到常见类型的词组、句型或者常考句子结构，多总结、记笔记，勤翻笔记，熟能加深记忆。
5、多翻每次考试的卷子，多看几遍考题、完型填空、阅读理解。以前我每天早读时间，不是在背单词，而是在翻考试卷子、熟悉所记录考点相关知识的笔记。
怎么学英语
方法一：多看中英文对译的书籍
这种中英文对译的书籍对学好英语有非常大的帮助，一是语法可以得到学习。二是单词量可以得到增加。三是各种句型也是可以得到提升。也可以算的上是一举多得。
方法二：平常用的口语多用英语试一试
在平常生活中我们要多想想同样的中文用英语怎么说，如果遇到不知道的就迅速查词典。长时间的积累和摸索可以很快使英语得到提高。
方法三：多看一些欧美中英文对译的电影
网上有很多欧美中英文对译的电影，我们要多看看，里面的对话才是最纯最需要学习的地方。不但口语得到大幅度提升，而且对单词的发音也会大大提高，建议同一个电影看多遍，直到完全理解里面的意思为止。
方法四：多听一些英文歌曲
平常空闲时我们都喜欢听歌，如果把我们听歌的风格改一下，变成英文歌曲那就最好了。而且耳濡目染就会习惯英语，自然就会提高英语的能力了。
方法五：多背一些英文单词
大家都知道学习英语，单词是最基本的。而且只有强大的词汇量才会撑起整个英语水平。建议身上或者手机上带一个英语词典，有事没事多背背英文单词。
方法六：多向英语好的朋友学习
如果身边有英语好的朋友，大可和他好好交流学英语心得。甚至可以和他进行英语对话，哪怕不会说，也要这样做。只有这样才会找出毛病，从而更好的学习英语。
建议：如果条件允许的话，也可以报名一个英语速成班进行快速学习，但是一定要花点精力好好学，否则就没有必要了。
篇11：商务英语翻译技巧
1. 擅长使用专业术语
这主要是由于商务英语涉及的是贸易、商务、营销财务等理论和实物都很强，呈现出的语言专业性也强。
对于一些比较熟悉的、经常要求用到的商务英语词汇的缩略词，如：提单bill of lading——B/L，世界银行the World Bank——WB，世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization—— WTO等等;有一些是 economic policy 经济政策，holding company 控股公司，devaluation (货币)贬值等的常用词汇;还有一些是在商务贸易的发展过程中不断增加的词汇，consolidated debt 合并债务，TPL(第三方物流)，cyber-payment (电子支付)，这些新词丰富了商务英语的内容。
2. 内容严谨结构复杂
用词要准确严谨，词语的意义与其使用的语境密切相连，并与其存在的文化息息相关。
语境不同，词汇的意义也有差别。译者在翻译的过程中选词要准确，概念表达要确切，数码与单位要精确’，要忠实、准确地将源语言的信息用目标语言表达出来，做到原文读者获得的信息与译文读者获得的信息内涵相等。
商务英语中为了达到委婉表达的效果“往往多使用被动句”这与汉语的表达大不相同$因此“ 英语被动句在译成汉语时不存在现成的对应表达方式”而需要依据汉语的习惯用法"从丰富的句式和辅助词语中挑选一些适当的手段来表现出原文的被动含义。
3. 涉猎广范，具有实用性
商务英语的语言形式、词汇、以及内容等方面与专业知识密切相关，它承载着商务理论和商务实践等方面的信息，对专业词汇的精确使用是商务语言在词汇使用上的最大特点商务英语翻译常用技巧商务英语翻译常用技巧。
例如：sole license(排他性许可证)和exclusive license(独占性许可证)，两者各有精确的含义，不能随意交换使用。
前者表示在许可证交易中，技术受让方在协议有效期间，在协定的地区内，对许可证项下的技术具有独占权，不许授予第三方，只许在规定地区内使用该技术和出售该产品的许可证;而后者则表示，许可方不得再把同样内容的使用许可证协议受该地域内的任何第三方，就连许可人自己也不得在该地区使用该项技术(胡庚申，2001：154)，
资料
又如：anti-dumping measures (反倾销措施)，quota-free products (非配额生产)investment in non-productive projects (非生产性投资)，clearance sale (清仓削价销售)，closed cargo (列入表定运费的货物)等等。
4. 常使用缩略词
在商务英语翻译过程中所采用的译名、概念、术语等在任何时候都应保持统一。
不允许将同一概念或术语随意变换译名，不统一的译名必然造成误解，使读者对译文不知所云。
作为一名商务译者，对相关专业知识要有相当的了解，才不至于误译，给有关双方造成纠纷和损失。
在翻译的过程中要注意正确使用商务专业术语，缩略语及出现在不同领域中的专业新词语。
★ 浅析英语翻译教学
★ 英语翻译寓言故事
★ 展会英语翻译
★ 结构浅谈
★ 英语翻译专业简历
英语翻译技巧：比较结构（精选11篇）
