冀教版7年级unit2 lesson10教案(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

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篇1：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson10教案(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. Mastery words: find, their, woman, point

2. a dialogue about what they see through the train window

3. There is/are…

Teaching goals: At the end of this lesson, students will be able to:

1. understand the meaning of the text

2. remember the mastery words

3. find and use the list of mastery vocabulary in lesson 16

Teaching key points: 1. There is/are….

2. Difference of some words: see, look, watch, find

Difficult points: the usage of some words

Teaching aids: tape recorder, slide projector, word cards

Type: dialogue

Teaching procedure

1. Class opening

1) greetings in English

2) duty report (say anything he/she likes to say)

3) check the homework of last lesson

2. New lesson

Step 1 Lead in

Discuss the questions in “THINK ABOUT IT” with the students:

Look out of the window of your classroom. What can you see?

What can you see out of your bedroom window?

In this part they will have many things to say. Their answers may be different. Gather their answers.

Step 2 Play the audiotape with the following questions:

What do Danny and Jenny see outside?

Can they see a village?

Is there a school outside the train?

Answer the questions and discuss the whole text with the students. Make sure they understand the meaning of the text. Deal with the language points at the same time. The teacher can write the important points on the blackboard or use the slide projector.

Step 3 Listen to the audiotape again and let them read after it.

Step 4 Have them read the text aloud for a few minutes and then let them act out the text in roles.

Step 5 Practice

Divide the class into small groups. Ask them to make up a dialogue that uses loud and quiet. Please read about making up dialogues in “Teaching Techniques.” To make up a dialogue, the students need to think and be creative! Encourage them to use the dialogue in the student book as an example, not as something to memorize.

Step 6 Deal with “LET’S DO IT”

Work with two partners. Write and practice a dialogue. What else do you think Jenny, Danny and Li Ming see? Present your dialogue to your classmates.

Step 7 A test

词形转换

1）quiet （反义词）__________ 2) read (现在分词) _______

3) bottle (复数) _____________ 4) drawing (原形) __________

5) sing (现在分词) ___________ 6) tree (复数) _________

7) photo (近义词) ___________ 8) woman (复数)________

9) baby (复数) _____________ 10) be (第三人称单数) ________

Step 8 Activity book

If time permits, do exercise 1

3. Homework

1) understand the meaning of the text in lesson 10

2) finish the exercises in activity book

3) next reading in student book

篇2：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson14(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. mastery words: sleep, loudly, listen, tired

2. What is he/she doing?

He /She is …..

3. some useful word: tired, loud

Teaching goals:

1. understand the meaning of the text

2. remember the mastery words

3. use the Present Continuous Tense

Key points: 1. the usage of tired, sleep, listen and loud

1. What is he/she doing？

Difficult points: the usage of the Present Continuous Tense

Teaching aids: pictures or some real objects, audiotape, flash cards, slide projector

Type: text

Teaching procedure

1. Class opening

1) greetings in everyday English

2) duty report

3) mainly revision of last lesson

2. New lesson

Step 1 Lead in

Discuss some questions in “THINK ABOUT IT”

Is it expensive to buy things on the train ? Why or why not?

Do you like to buy things from salesman on the train? Why or why not?

Answer them together with the students.

Step 2 Listen to the tape of the text with the following questions:

Why is the baby crying? What is the mother doing?

What is Danny doing?

Does Wu Li buy some socks on the train?

Answer the questions and discuss the whole text to make sure the students understand the meaning of the text. Deal with the language points at the same time.

Step 3 Listen to the audiotape again and let the students read after it.

Step 4 Have them read the text for a few minutes and correct their pronunciation if necessary. Then let them act out the dialogue in roles.

Step 5 Practice

Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to make up a dialogue about doing something and then doing something else. Ask each group to use the word now and any other vocabulary they like. Encourage your students to experiment and be creative! English is fun and easy! Please read about making up dialogue in “Teaching Techniques.”

Step 6 Discuss “LET’S DO IT”

Work in a small group. Write a role play and practice it. One of you is a salesman. The other are customers. What is the salesman selling? Present your role play to your classmates.

Step 7 A test

句型转换

1） Look！ They are eating dumplings. (对划线部分提问)

___________________________________

2） She is playing with the toy. (对划线部分提问)

______________________________________

3) He is talking to his aunt. (对划线部分提问)

______________________________

1. We would like to eat oranges. (对划线部分提问)

Step 8 Exercise

Do activity book lesson 14 Number 2. The students listen to four sentences and draw four pictures correspondingly. The audiotape goes like:

Listen and draw the pictures.

a. The woman is crying.

b. The man is laughing.

c. The baby is crying.

d. You are laughing.

3. Homework

1） understand the meaning of the whole text

2） remember the mastery words

3） finish off the activity book in lesson 14

4） the next reading in student book

篇3：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson11教案(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. mastery words: farm, hear, meet, course, of course, lot, lot of, enjoy

2. A dialogue between Danny and his new friend

3. The usage of some phrases

Teaching goals: At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

1. Understand the meaning of the text

2. Remember the mastery words

3. Find and use the list of mastery vocabulary in lesson 16

Teaching key points: 1.introduce where you are from

2. some useful expressions

Difficult points: how to introduce yourself

Teaching aids: word cards, audiotape, flashcards, and slide projector

Type: dialogue

Teaching procedure

1. Class opening

1) Greet the students in everyday English.

2) Duty report.

3) Main revision of last lesson. Explain when necessary.

2. New lesson

Step1 Lead in

Ask the students some questions:

Do you like to make new friends? Why or why not?

Who is your newest friend? How do you meet?

Discuss them with the class and you gather many different answers.

Step2 Listen to the tape and answer the following questions:

What does Danny want to buy in Beijing?

Who is Danny’s new friend?

Where does Wu Li come from?

After listening to the tape, answer the questions and discuss the whole text. Make sure the students understand the meaning of the text. Deal with the language points in this period. Write the key points on the blackboard or use the slide projector.

Step3 Listen to the audiotape again and let the students read after it.

Step4 Practice

Have them read the text aloud for a few minutes and correct their pronunciation when necessary. Then have them act out the dialogue in roles.

Step5 Deal with “LET’S DO IT”

You meet a new friend on the train or bus. What should one say to a new friend? What can one do to enjoy time with a new friend? With a partner, write and practice a dialogue. Present your dialogue to your classmates.

In this part the teacher should guide the students to discuss the questions.

You may give them some words to help them.

Step6 A test

句型转换

1） The woman behind me is singing. (一般疑问句)

______________________________________?

2) She is talking to the man. (对划线部分提问)

___________________________________?

3) The baby is sleeping. (否定句)

____________________________.

1) Walk to the station. (否定句)

_________________________.

2) Ben is noisy in class. ( 同义句)

___________________________.

Step7 Summary

Today we learn a dialogue about Li Ming and his friends. They meet a new friend on the train. Then they feel hungry and they discuss what to eat. What did they say? After class, read the text fluently.

3. Homework

1） understand the meaning of the text

2） finish the exercises in the activity book

3） read the dialogue in the next lesson.

篇4：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson13(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content：

1． Mastery words: quiet, word, newspaper, baby

2． A dialogue about what they are doing

3． Present Continuous Tense

Teaching goals:

1. understand the meaning of the text

2. remember the mastery words

3. use the Present Continuous Tense

Key points: 1. What are you doing?

I am……

2. some useful words

Difficult points: the Present Continuous Tense

Teaching aids: audiotape, flashcards, slide projector, word cards

Type: text

Teaching procedure

1. Class opening

1） Greet the students in everyday English and make sure they can response correctly.

2） Duty report: they can say anything they like to say

3） Check the homework in lesson 12 and explain when necessary.

2. New lesson

Step 1 Lead in

Discuss the questions in “THINK ABOUT IT”

What is your favourite game? Why?

Do you like babies? Why or why not?

Today we are going to learn a dialogue. It happens on the train. Li Ming and his friends are doing different things. Let’s look at what they are doing.

Step 2 Listen to audiotape and answer the following questions:

What is the baby doing?

What are Wu Li and Jenny doing?

What is Danny doing?

Answer them with the students and discuss the text again. Deal with some important points at the same time. Make sure the students understand the meaning of the dialogue. When explaining the language points the teacher can use some pictures, write on the blackboard or on the slide projector.

Step 3 Listen to audiotape again and let the students read after it.

Step 4 Have them read the text aloud and correct their pronunciations when necessary. Then have them act out the dialogue in roles.

Step 5 Practice

Divide the class into small groups. Ask each group to make up a dialogue about offering and eating foods. When the students “eat,” some are quick and some are slow. The students need to be creative about situations where this would happen!

Step 6 Deal with “LET’S DO IT”

Play a word game in a small group. Cut some pieces of paper into 2cm squares. Try to make about 100 squares. On each piece of paper, write a letter of the alphabet. Then use the squares to make English words. Join the words together like a crossword.

Step 7 A test

根据首字母完成句子

Welcome to Beijing! You want to know something about Chinese f____. Let me tell you. We eat r____, v_____, f______ and m_____ every day. We also have d_______ or n_______ .

You can find your f________ food. At 12:00 we eat l_______ . (food, rice, vegetables, fruit, meat, dumplings, noodles, favourite)

Step 8 Summary

Today we learn a dialogue between Li Ming and his friends. They are on the train to Beijing. They are doing different things. Jenny and Wu Li are playing a word game. Danny is playing with a baby. So we must remember how to express what sb. is doing. After class you should practice the Present Continuous Tense.

3. Homework

1) understand the meaning of the text

2) remember the mastery words in this lesson

3) finish the activity book of lesson 13

4）read the next reading in lesson 14

篇5：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson12(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. mastery words: wait, drink, fruit, grape, thirsty, bottle

2. a dialogue about having lunch on the train

3. What would you like?

I would like …..

4. Plural Forms of Nouns

Teaching goals: At the end of this lesson, the students will be able to:

1. Understand the meaning of the text

2. Remember the mastery words in this lesson

3. find and use the list mastery vocabulary in lesson 16

Key points: 1. express your favourite

2. Some useful expressions

3. Plural Forms of Nouns

Difficult points: how to express your favourite

How to express some liquid things

Teaching aids: word cards of different food, flash cards, audiotape, and slide projector

Type: text

Teaching procedure

1. Warming up

1) Greetings in everyday English.

2) Duty report (about weather, your classmates, your teacher and so on)

3) Mainly revision of last lesson

2. New lesson

Step1 Lead in

Discuss the questions in “THINK ABOUT IT”

Do you like to eat lunch on the train or bus?

What do you like to eat when you travel?

Let the students learn to express themselves freely.

We are going to learn a text today. Let’s look at what Li Ming and his friends want to eat on the train?

Step2 Listen to the tape with the following questions.

What do Danny, Jenny and Li Ming want to eat?

What did Wu Li buy on the train?

What is a snack?

Answer the questions with the students and discuss the whole text to make sure they understand the meaning of the text. Deal with the language points at the same time. The teacher can use blackboard or the slid projector to help the teaching.

Step 3. Listen to the audiotape again and let the students read after it and pay attention to the pronunciation.

Step 4. Have them read the text for a few minutes and then ask them to act out the dialogue in roles.

Step 5. Practice: LET’S DO IT

In a small group, make a menu for the train. What foods can you buy on the train? How much do they cost? Write the menu on a piece of paper. Practice using the menu with your classmates.

Divide the class into pairs. Each pair makes up a dialogue about being thirsty and wanting something to drink. The students can use their flashcards to represent drinks.

Step 6 A test

词汇

1）一杯茶 _______ 2) 一杯水______ 3) 一箱子鸡蛋________

4) 一瓶汽水________ 5) 五瓶热水 _______ 6) 十位女教师 _______

7) 九位男医生_______ 8) 三张票 _________ 9) 两个儿童 ________

Step 7 Exercise

If time permits, do Number 2 in activity book.

3. Homework

1) understand the meaning of the text of lesson 12

2) finish the activity book in lesson 12

3) the next reading

篇6：冀教版7年级unit2 lesson15(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. mastery words: station, child, room, taxi

2. a dialogue about what they see at the Beijing Station

3. Present Continuous Tense

Teaching goals:

1. understand the meaning of the text

2. remember the mastery words

3. find and use the list of mastery vocabulary in lesson 16

Key points: 1. some expressions： take care of; be scared

2. the Present Continuous Tense

Difficult points: the Present Continuous Tense

Teaching aids: pictures, audiotape, flashcards, slide projector

Type: dialogue

Teaching procedure

1. Opening class

1) greetings in everyday English

2) duty report: they can talk about whatever they like to say.

3) mainly revision about last lesson

2. New lesson

Step 1 Lead in

Discuss the questions in “THINK ABOUT IT”

Have you ever been to a very crowded place? Where?

How much does it cost to stay in a hotel in your city?

Help them answer the questions and you can give them some words to guide them to answer.

Step 2 Listen to the tape of the text and answer the following questions:

How does Danny feel at the train station?

How many people are there at the station?

What are the people doing at the station?

Why is the child crying?

Answer the questions and discuss the whole text to make sure they understand the meaning. Deal with any question they have and explain the language points at the same time.

Step 3 Listen to the tape again and let them read after it.

Step 4 Have them read the text for a few minutes. Then let them act out the dialogue in roles.

Step 5 Deal with the “LRT’S DO IT”

Work with a partner. Write a dialogue. One of you is arriving in a city. You need a hotel room. The other person is selling hotel rooms. Practice your dialogue and present it to your classmates.

Step 6 A test

用适当的单词填空，首字母已给出

1） There are so many p_______ on the street.

2） Be quiet! The baby is s_________.

3） We can buy train tickets at the train s________.

4） I’m t__________. I’d like something to drink.

5） Father likes reading n_________ after washing the dishes.

Keys: 1) people 2) sleeping 3） station 4) thirsty 5) newspaper

Step 7 Summary

Today we learn a text about Li Ming and his friends. They arrives in Beijing at last. They see many people at the station. They are doing different things. It’s crowded there. They want to find a hotel. After class you must remember the mastery words of this lesson and you should practice using the Present Continuous Tense.

3. Homework

1) understand the meaning of the text

2) remember the mastery words

3) finish the activity book in lesson 15

4) the reading in next lesson

篇7：冀教版7年级下unit2 lesson9教案(冀教版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)

Teaching content:

1. mastery words: get, get on, very, stop, stand, where, see, mana dialogue about getting on the train

2. the usage of word look and see

Teaching goals:

1. understand the meaning of the text

2. learn some mastery words

Teaching key points: difference of see and look

The usage of imperative Sentence

Difficult points: the usage of Imperative Sentence

Teaching aids: recorder, slide projector, flashcards

Type : text

Teaching procedure

1. Class opening

1) Greet the students in English and make sure they can response correctly.

2) duty report (such as the weather, the school life, their classmates and teachers and so on)

3) check yesterday’s homework

2. New lesson

Step1 Lead in

Discuss the questions in “THINK ABOUT IT”

Do you argue with your friends? Why?

Do you have a friend who gets very excited? Who? Why?

Answer the questions and say “We are going to learn a dialogue today. Li Ming and his friends are looking for their seats on the train. Danny sits on a wrong seat. So there is an argument. Now let’s look at it.

Step2 Listen to the text with the following questions:

Why is Jenny angry with Danny?

Which is Danny’s seat?

Step3 After listening to the tape, answer the questions and read through the whole text. Make sure they understand the meaning. Deal with the language points at the same time. ( using the slide projector)

Step4 Listen to the tape again and let the students read after it.

Step5 Practice

Have them read the dialogue aloud and correct their pronunciation if necessary. Then have them act it out in roles.

Step6 Come to “LET’S DO IT”: Draw a map of the inside of a train. Draw the seats and write their numbers. You should also draw the door, washroom, stairs and hot water room on the map. Describe your map to a partner. Where do you like to sit? Why?

Do this part in class if time permits.

Step7 A test

1. I see him ____ away.

A. to run B. run C. runs D. ran

2. I _____ but ____ nothing.

A. looked, looked B. looked , saw

C. saw, looked D. saw, saw

3. The ____ behind the tree is Mary’s father.

A. man B. woman C. boy D. girl

Step8 Summary

Today we learn a dialogue about getting on the train. Hl Ming and his friends get on the train. They are very excited. Danny sits on the wrong seat. He takes another man’s seat. He has an argument with Jenny. In this text we learn some words such as look and see. We should be able to use them. You must practice after class.

3. Homework

1) Understand the meaning of the text

2) Learn to use the mastery words

3) Finish the exercise in the activity book

4) Read the next reading in lesson 10

篇8：冀教版语文七年级上册教案

教学目标

1、提炼关键信息，梳理课文结构，理解说明顺序。

2、通过与所学《中国石拱桥》的比较，感知科学小品文生动说明的语言特点。

3、感悟作者情感，培养学生关注自然、保护环境的意识

教学重难点

通过教师引导、学生自主探究，以文章情感为线，贯穿课堂。通过语言品析，感知科学小品文生动说明的语言特点，并通过品味改写，加深对不同风格说明文语言的认识。

课型设计

自主探究、教师点拨课——本文是学生接触的第一篇科学小品文，在教师渗透说明文相关知识的基础上，希望学生能通过课前预习、课堂探究、教师引导将说明新知的学习深入巩固，并拓展运用，了解常规说明文语言与科学小品文语言的差异。希望能充分调动学生学习潜能，引导学生自主发现问题、探究问题，充分发挥学生课堂学习的主体作用。

课时安排：

1课时

教学流程：

一、导入

由课题“入侵”直接导入。(板书课题)

【设计意图】直接入题，一方面让学生快速理解说明对象，同时引导学生带着作者的写作情感去感知文章，以情为线，贯穿教学。

二、默读课文整体感知

1、请同学们快速默读课文(并提出默读要求)，筛选有用信息，说说从中获得哪些相关知识。

2、学生回答，教师总结明确，明晰本文的说明顺序。

【设计意图】整体感知，通过默读锻炼学生梳理文章结构、把握文章要点的能力。问题设置较易操作，旨在面对全体学生，调动学习积极性，引导学生关注文本。同时通过对学生回答的板书整理，明确本文的说明顺序。

三、阅读比较体味语言

1、比较《中国石拱桥》与本课，体悟科学小品文语言特点，结合范例引导学生掌握方法，赏读语言，体悟情感。

2、通过将文中平实说明语言的改写，学会运用生动说明的方法。

【设计意图】这部分的设计希望能切合学生的学习发现和学习兴趣，调动学生参与意识和自主学习能力。通过自主探究形式，引导学生对科学小品文语言风格的初步赏析。并能通过老

师方法的引导，品析语言，体味语言的生动性与情感。教师在授课过程中，适时引导学生品析的角度，启发学生思维，引导学生自主思考、表达。

四、总结本课体会精神

教师小结本课所学知识基础上，引导学生培养关注自然，保护自然的意识。

【设计意图】由本文内容的品读，情感的把握，启发学生要关注自然，保护自然。

五、作业布置

请同学们尝试运用生动说明的写法，搜集生活中的生物入侵者相关介绍性资料，写一段说明文字。

【设计意图】就课堂学习重点进行课外可行性的拓展延伸，引导学生将感知到的说明方法在练笔中加以尝试。学用结合。

板书设计：

生物入侵者

修辞生

成语动

说

明

科学小品文

篇9：冀教版语文七年级上册教案

●教学目标

1.阅读课文，了解本文说明的主要内容。

2.学习本文所使用的说明顺序和说明方法。

3.提高学生的环保意识。

●课时安排：1课时。

●教学重点

学习本文所使用的说明顺序和说明方法。

●预习作业：查资料，每个同学找出我国3种生物入侵者(现象)并且用50字左右的一段话概括。

●教学步骤：

一、导入

1、“加拿大一枝黄花”图片以及下面的文字导入。

加拿大一枝黄花，又名黄莺、麒麟草，属菊科植物。这种花色泽亮丽，在花市上被称为“幸福草”，常用于插花中的配花。加拿大一枝黄花原产北美，1935年作为观赏植物引入我国。在苏浙沪一带和广东省，加拿大一枝黄花近年来使植物大面积死亡，果园、农田作物产量和质量受到严重影响，危及生态安全。(学生自由发表评论，教师引入生物入侵)

二、自主阅读、整体感知

1、在文章中找一句话，说明什么是生物入侵者(用波浪线划出)

第1小节

2、学生用△符号标出文章中所提到的生物入侵者，并且说说它们有什么共同点(蒲公英，鱼虾是不是?)

入侵者有斑贝，天牛，红蚂蚁，棕树蛇等。

入侵者是指原本生活在异国他乡、通过非自然途径迁移到新的生态环境中的“移民”。并且造成当地一定的损失。

3、文章8个小节，学生用——符号划出中心句，或者在旁边总结，要求每小节大意都要与“生物入侵”有直接关系。(考虑各小节之间的关系)

第一段，生物入侵者破坏生态系统，造成经济损失。

第二段，人类文明早期，没有人为干预，生态系统不失衡。

第三段，物种在新环境可能无节制繁衍，例。。。

第四段，生物入侵者威胁物种多样性。例。。。

第五段，生物入侵者增多的原因(途径)

第六段，生物入侵者很难控制。

第七段，物竞天择VS物种多样性将受到严重破坏、经济损失惊人。(不同的观点)

第八段，采取的措施。

教师对比点拔，明确说明顺序(教师简要叙说)：

这是一篇事理说明文，是按照逻辑顺序说明事理的。文章从解释“生物入侵者”这个概念入手，接着介绍了“生物入侵者”给人类带来的危害、对生态环境的破坏作用，再探究原因，最后讨论对策。基本上是按提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的逻辑思路展开的。

3、作者在说明生物入侵这个问题的过程中，用了哪些说明方法，作用是什么(每人2处)?还有哪些词语用的好，好在哪里?(每人1处)(文中各段落空白处注明)

本文运用了列数字、举例子、打比方等说明方法，请用简要的语言分析其表达效果。(提到一种说明方法，就让学生再找其他用此种方法的地方)

1、列数字：①“十一种鸟类有九种被赶尽杀绝”------数字的变化准确说明生物入侵者对自然生态系统的危害之大。②耗资数十亿美元------准确说明生物入侵者对人类造成的经济损失巨大。(补充强调：数字的运用，使语言十分准确，符合说明文的科学性特点。此外副词的恰当选用也增强了文章的准确性。如“仅”“就”等词。)

2、举例子：①举蒲公英等为例------具体说明生物在没有人为干预的条件下进行的迁徙不会对原有的生态系统造成太大破坏。②斑贝、天牛、红蚂蚁等------具体说明生物入侵者给人类带来了巨大危害。③蔬菜、水果、宠物等------具体说明生物入侵是人为原因造成的。

3、打比方：①课题“生物入侵者”就是一个比喻，生动形象说明：a生物入侵是“移民”行为;b生物入会对人类和自然造成危害。

②把斑贝比喻成“偷渡者”，生动形象说明它是在人们不知不觉中登上北美大陆，并悄悄给人类造成危害的。(强调：生物入侵对大多数人来说比较陌生。作者采用打比方的说明方法，使语言更生动形象，增强文章的趣味性，，深入浅出，达到推广科普知识的目的。此外还有词语的运用也有类似效果。如“啸聚山林”等)

词语的好处有准确性与生动性。

三、自主探究

1、其实，我们身边的生物入侵现象还是很多的，设置“你还认识我吗”环节，图文(在课件中出现)展示文章中出现的入侵生物的资料，让学生辨认，解说。

2、学生自主展示“我所知道的生物入侵者(现象)”(主要在我国出现)(主要是学生朗读课前找到的资料)，教师补充(也许，做好准备)几种现象：薇甘菊、水葫芦、飞机草等。(材料在课件中出现)

四、总结提升：

一枝黄花有可能让我们的省城“尽带黄金甲”，薇甘菊将吞掉伶仃岛，水葫芦欲死云南滇池，飞机草要霸占西双版纳，大米草在毁掉海边滩涂……据统计，我国已有外来杂草107种，外来害虫32种，病原菌23种，每年造成农林业经济损失达574亿之多。

以前提到环保，人们头脑中闪现的往往是荒漠遍野、浊水横流、乱砍滥伐等情景。通过今天的学习，我们清醒地认识到，“生物入侵”已成了摆在我们面前的又一严峻课题。保护环境的警钟再次有我们耳畔敲响。希望同学们继续对这一现象予以关注，为抵御和防治生物入侵贡献我们的一分智慧和力量!

五、作业

1、准备的反馈练习

2、拓展延伸作业，其实这篇文章只粗略谈到防的措施，而如何治呢?课后可以请同学们查阅资料，谈谈具体的防治措施。

冀教版语文七年级上册教案

篇10：冀教版七年级生物教案

1.细胞分化与植物细胞的全能性

多细胞生物体，一般是由一个受精卵通过细胞的增殖和分化发育而成的。细胞分裂只能繁殖出许多含有相同遗传物质的细胞，只有经过细胞分化才能形成不同的组织，进一步形成各种器官、系统，从而完成生物的个体发育过程。当细胞分化开始时，受遗传因素和环境因素的调节，不同细胞的不同基因会在特定的时间、空间被激活，活化一段时间后有些基因的活动停止，而有些基因还在继续活动，从而产生了特定的蛋白质(即基因有选择性的表达)，进而产生了不同的组织，也就是在个体发育中相同细胞的后代，在形态、结构和生理功能上发生了稳定性差异——细胞分化，这是发生在生物体一生中的一种持久变化，当然胚胎时期达到限度。一般来说，分化了的细胞将一直保持分化后的状态，直到死亡。

由于体细胞大多是通过有丝分裂繁殖而来的，一般已经分化的细胞仍有一套和受精卵相同的染色体，含有与本物种相同的DNA分子。因此，已分化的细胞具有发育成完整新个体的潜能，即全能性。在合适的条件下，有些分化的细胞具有恢复分裂、重新分化发育成完整新个体的能力。植物细胞的全能性比较强，动物细胞的全能性受到了限制，特别是一些高度特化的动物细胞，很难用它培养成一个新个体，但它的细胞核中仍有保持物种遗传性的全部遗传物质，保持着全能性，例如已取得成功的克隆羊——多利就是一例。

2.愈伤组织

愈伤组织是通过细胞分裂形成的，其细胞排列疏松而无规则，高度液泡化呈无定形状态的薄壁细胞。它容易与根尖、茎尖的分生组织发生混淆。可以通过下表比较根尖分生组织和愈伤组织的异同。

组织类型 细胞来源 细胞形态 细胞结构 细胞排列 细胞去向

根尖

分生组织 受精卵 正方形 无液泡 紧密 分化成多种细胞组织

愈伤组织 高度分化细胞 无定形 高度液泡化 疏松 再分化成

新个体

相同点 都通过有丝分裂进行细胞增殖

3.污染的预防

污染就是指在组织培养过程中，培养容器内滋生菌斑，使培养材料不能正常生长发育，从而导致培养失败的现象。植物组织培养不同于扦插、分根、叶插等常规无性繁殖。由于植物组织培养所利用的植物材料体积小、抗性差，所以对培养条件的要求较高，对无菌操作的要求非常严格。

污染有两种类型，一种是细菌污染一般是由接种人员造成的，如未戴口罩，接种时说话，或手及器械消毒不严等。另一种是真菌污染可能是由植物材料灭菌不当造成的。

可以通过以下措施做好预防。

(1)防止外植体带菌。①选择好外植体采集时期和采集部位。外植体采集以春秋为宜，优先选择地上部分作为外植体，阴雨天勿采，晴天下午采，采前喷杀虫剂、杀菌剂或套塑料袋。②在室内或无菌条件下进行预培养。③外植体严格消毒。做消毒效果试验，多次消毒和交替消毒。

(2)保证培养基及接种器具彻底灭菌。①分装时，注射器勿与瓶接触，培养基勿粘瓶口。②检查封口膜是否有破损。③扎瓶口要位置适当、松紧适宜。④保证灭菌时间和高压锅内温度。⑤接种工具使用前彻底灭菌。⑥工作服、口罩、帽子等布质品定期进行湿热灭菌。

(3)操作人员严格遵守无菌操作规程。如一定要规范着装，操作过程中不说话等。

(4)保证接种与培养环境清洁。①污染瓶经高压灭菌后再清洁。②接种环境定期熏蒸消毒、紫外灯照射或用臭氧灭菌和消毒。③定期对培养室消毒、防止高温。

对外植体进行表面消毒时，既要考虑到药剂的消毒效果，又要考虑到植物的耐受力。不同药剂、不同植物材料，甚至不同器官要区别对待。消毒用过的有毒药品应收集后统一交给有关专业部门处理，以免引起环境污染。

一旦发现培养材料被污染，特别是真菌性污染，一定不要打开培养瓶。应先将所有被污染的培养瓶统一放在高压蒸汽灭菌锅中灭菌后，再打开培养瓶进行清洗。

题型一 细胞的全能性

【例题1】 下列实例中能体现细胞全能性的是( )。

①用培养基培养的胡萝卜单个细胞培养成了可育的植株 ②植物用种子进行繁殖 ③用单个烟草组织培育出了可育的完整植株

A.①② B.①③ C.②③ D.①②③

解析：①和③都属于已分化的细胞经过培养形成可育的植株，体现了细胞的全能性。植物用种子繁殖后代，实际上是由一个受精卵，通过细胞的增殖和分化发育成新个体，是由未经分化的细胞(受精卵)发育成新个体的过程，因此不能体现细胞全能性。

答案：B

题型二 植物细胞表达全能性的条件

【例题2】 植物细胞表现出全能性的必要条件是( )。

A.给予适宜的营养和外界条件

B.导入其他植物细胞的基因

C.脱离母体后的具有完整细胞核的细胞或组织，给予适宜的营养和外界条件

D.将成熟筛管细胞的细胞核移植到去核卵细胞中

解析：在生物体内，细胞没有表现出全能性， 而是分化成为不同的组织、器官，这是基因在特定的时间和空间条件下选择性表达的结果。当植物细胞脱离母体后，在一定的营养物质、激素和其他适宜的外界条件的作用下，植物细胞就可以表现出全能性。

答案：C

反思领悟：植物细胞表达全能性的条件：一是离体的组织或细胞;二是需要一定的激素、营养及其他适宜条件;三是具有完整细胞核的细胞。

题型三 植物组织培养的过程及影响因素

【例题3】 (2010?安徽理综)草莓生产上传统的繁殖方式易将所感染的病毒传播给后代，导致产量降低、品质变差。运用微型繁殖技术可以培育出无病毒幼苗。草莓微型繁殖的基本过程如下：

外植体――→①愈伤组织――→②芽根―→植株

请回答下列问题。

(1)微型繁殖培育无病毒草莓时，一般选取____________作为外植体，其依据是________________。

(2)在过程①中，常用的MS培养基主要成分包括大量元素、微量元素和____________，在配制好的培养基中，常常需要添加____________，有利于外植体启动细胞分裂形成愈伤组织。接种后2～5 d，若发现外植体边缘局部污染，原因可能是____________。

(3)在过程②中，愈伤组织在诱导生根的培养基中未形成根，但分化出了芽，其原因可能是____________________________________________。

解析：(1)植物组织培养时常采用根尖或茎尖部位，原因是该部位含病毒极少，甚至无病毒。

(2)MS培养基的成分包括大量元素、微量元素和有机物，在配制好的培养基中，常需要添加生长素和细胞分裂素等植物激素。植物组织培养也应注意无菌操作。

(3)生长素用量比细胞分裂素用量的比值低时，有利于芽的分化，比值高时，有利于根的分化。

答案：(1)茎尖(或根尖) 茎尖(或根尖)病毒极少，甚至无病毒 (2)有机物 植物激素 外植体消毒不彻底 (3)培养基中生长素类物质用量与细胞分裂素类物质用量的比值偏低

1.下列关于细胞分化的叙述，错误的是( )。

A.细胞分化是一种持久性的变化，它发生在生物体的整个生命过程中

B.细胞分化在胚胎时期达到限度

C.随着细胞分化的进行，细胞中的遗传物质种类会发生变化

D.高度分化的动物细胞的细胞核保持着全能性

2.下列有关植物组织培养的叙述，错误的是( )。

A.植物组织培养的原理是细胞的全能性 B.主要包括脱分化和再分化两个阶段

C.外植体形成愈伤组织的过程需要阳光 D.植物组织培养的过程中要求无菌操作

3.下列关于愈伤组织形成过程的正确叙述是( )。

A.愈伤组织的形成是离体的植物细胞分化的结果

B.愈伤组织的形成是离体的植物细胞分裂的结果

C.愈伤组织的形成是离体的动物细胞分化的结果

D.愈伤组织的形成是离体的动物细胞分裂的结果

4.下列关于接种时应注意的事项，全部正确的是( )。

①接种室要消毒 ②无菌操作 ③接种时可以谈话 ④外植体如茎段、茎尖可随机放入培养基 ⑤接种时要防止交叉污染 ⑥接种完立刻盖好瓶口

A.①②③④ B.①②③④⑤⑥ C.③④⑤⑥ D.①②⑤⑥

5.在离体的植物组织、器官或细胞脱分化形成愈伤组织的过程中，需要下列哪些条件?( )

①消毒灭菌 ②一定浓度的植物激素 ③适宜的温度 ④充足的光照 ⑤充足的养料

A.①③④⑤ B.②③⑤ C.①②③ D.①②③⑤

答案：1.C 细胞分化不会使遗传物质种类发生变化，它的实质是遗传物质在时间和空间上有选择性地表达。

2.C 植物组织培养是指离体的植物细胞、组织或器官在无菌操作下经脱分化和再分化形成完整植物体的过程，其原理是植物细胞的全能性。在脱分化形成愈伤组织的过程中，恒温箱的门应该关闭，不必见光，因为在无光条件下愈伤组织长得更快。

3.B 愈伤组织只存在于植物细胞;离体的植物组织细胞，在培养了一段时间以后，会通过细胞分裂形成愈伤组织。

4.D 整个接种过程必须在无菌条件下进行，不能谈话，防止呼吸产生污染，因此操作过程应禁止谈话，并戴口罩;接种的外植体放入培养基时注意将形态学下端插入，而且分布均匀，不能随机放入，以保证必要的营养和光照条件。

5.D 离体的植物相关结构在形成愈伤组织的过程中不需要光照，因为该过程无法进行光合作用，其营养物质来自培养基。

篇11：冀教版七年级生物教案

课题2 月季的花药培养

1.说出被子植物花粉发育的过程及花药培养产生花粉植株的两种途径。

2.说出影响花药培养的因素。

3.学习花药培养的基本技术。

4.尝试用月季或其他植物的花药进行培养。

一、被子植物的花粉发育

1.被子植物的花粉是在______中由____________经过______分裂而形成的，花粉是单倍体的生殖细胞。

2.被子植物花粉的发育要经历______________时期、______期和______期等阶段。

二、产生花粉植株的两种途径

1.花药中的花粉 ――→脱分化 ――→分化丛芽2.花药中的花粉 ――→脱分化 ――→再分化丛芽――→诱导生根 ―→移栽

两种途径之间没有绝对的界限，主要取决于培养基中______的种类及其__________。

三、影响花药培养的因素

1.诱导花粉植株成功率高低的主要影响因素是____________与______________。

2.材料的选择与不同植物、同种植物亲本的生理状况，以及花粉发育时期有关。从花药来看，应当选择花期早期的花药;从花粉来看，应当选择______期的花粉;从花蕾来看，应当选择____________的花蕾。此时期的营养状态及生理状态比较好，对离体刺激敏感。

思考：为什么花瓣松动会给材料的消毒带来困难?

3.亲本植株的生长条件、材料的____________以及__________等对诱导成功率都有一定影响。

四、实验操作

1.材料的选取

选择花药时，一般要通过______来确定花粉是否处于适宜的发育时期，此时需要对花粉________进行染色，最常用的方法有__________法和焙花青—铬矾法，它们分别可以将细胞核染成红色和蓝黑色。

2.材料的消毒

通常先将花蕾用体积分数为____________浸泡大约30 s，立即取出，在无菌水中清洗。取出后用无菌吸水纸吸干花蕾表面的水分，再用质量分数为______________溶液消毒，最后用无菌水冲洗3～5次。

3.接种和培养

(1)剥离花药：灭菌后的花蕾，要在______条件下除去萼片和花瓣。剥离花药时，一是要注意尽量____________(否则接种后容易从受伤部位产生__________);二是要彻底去除______，否则不利于__________或________的形成。

(2)接种花药：剥离的花药要立刻接种到培养基上。通常每瓶接种________个花药。

(3)培养：利用的培养基是______培养基，pH为5.8，温度为____ ℃左右，幼小植株形成后才需要光照。培养20～30 d后，花药开裂，长出__________或释放出________。前者还要转移到____________上，以便进一步分化出再生植株;后者要尽快______并转移到新的培养基上。

(4)通过愈伤组织形成的花粉植株，__________的数目常常会发生变化，因而需要作进一步的鉴定和筛选。

答案：一、1.花药 花粉母细胞 减数

2.小孢子四分体 单核 双核 1 4 小孢子四分体 居中 靠边 2 1 生殖 营养

二、1.胚状体

2.愈伤组织 激素 浓度配比

三、1.材料的选择 培养基的组成

2.单核 完全未开放

思考：花瓣松动后，微生物就可能侵入花药。

3.低温预处理 接种密度

四、1.镜检 细胞核 醋酸洋红

2.70%的酒精 0.1%的氯化汞

3.(1)无菌 不损伤花药 愈伤组织 花丝 愈伤组织 胚状体 (2)7～10 (3)MS 25 愈伤组织 胚状体 分化培养基 分开 (4)染色体组

菊花茎的组织培养与月季花药培养技术的异同

二者都是快速、大量繁殖花卉的技术手段。

菊花茎的组织培养 月季花药培养

不

同

点 外植体细胞类型 体细胞 生殖细胞

培养结果 正常植株 单倍体植株

光的要求 每日照射12 h 幼小植株形成后

才需要光照

相同点 理论依据、培养基的配制方法、无菌技术及接种操作等基本相同

另外，花药培养的选材非常重要，需事先摸索适宜时期的花蕾;花药裂开后，长出的愈伤组织或释放出的胚状体也要及时更换培养基;花药培养对培养基配方的要求更为严格。这些都使花药的培养难度加大。

花药的全能性高于植物组织。另外，花粉植株属单倍体植株，高度不育。如果需要育种，需对花粉植株幼苗进行秋水仙素处理，才能获得正常可育的个体。

题型一 花粉的发育

【例题1】 关于被子植物花粉的形成，说法正确的是( )。

A.花粉是花粉母细胞经有丝分裂形成的

B.花粉的发育要经历小孢子四分体时期、单核期和双核期

C.花粉发育经历双核期时，两个细胞核中的遗传物质并不完全相同

D.花粉母细胞形成花粉粒中精子的过程是一系列减数分裂的过程

解析：花粉是由花粉母细胞经减数分裂形成的;其发育经历了小孢子四分体时期、单核期和双核期等阶段。双核期两个细胞核是由一个细胞核经有丝分裂产生的，它们具有完全相同的遗传物质。花粉粒内的生殖细胞再经有丝分裂得到2个精子。

答案：B

题型二 花药培养过程

【例题2】 下列有关花药离体培养的说法中，错误的是( )。

A.对材料的选择最常用的方法是焙花青—铬矾法，这种方法能将花粉细胞核染成蓝黑色

B.材料消毒时需先用酒精浸泡，然后用氯化汞溶液或次氯酸钙溶液浸泡，最后用无菌水冲洗

C.接种花药后一段时间内不需要光照，但幼小植株形成后需要光照

D.接种的花药长出愈伤组织或胚状体后，要适时转换培养基，以便进一步分化成再生植株

解析：对材料的选择最常用的方法是醋酸洋红法。

答案：A

题型三 花药离体培养的应用

【例题3】 下图表示应用植物组织培养技术培育优质玉米的过程。对此过程的相关描述错误的是( )。

A.B→E过程中细胞全能性的高低发生了改变

B.C试管中形成的是高度液泡化的薄壁细胞

C.A植株和F植株体细胞中的染色体组数相同

D.培养出的F植株一般不能直接应用于扩大种植

解析：分化程度越低的细胞，其全能性越高，因此经脱分化获得的细胞全能性高于经再分化获得的细胞的全能性;A是正常植株，而F是经过花粉离体培养获得的单倍体植株，染色体组数减少一半;培养出的F植株是单倍体植株，具有植株弱小、高度不育等特点，因而一般不能直接应用于扩大种植。

答案：C

1.某名贵花卉用种子繁殖会发生性状分离，为了防止性状分离并快速繁殖，可以利用该植物的一部分器官或组织进行培育，发育成完整植株。进行离体培养时不应采用该植物的( )。

A.茎尖 B.子房壁 C.叶片 D.花粉粒

2.选择花药时，确定花药发育时期最常用的方法是( )。

A.碘液染色法 B.焙花青—铬矾法 C.醋酸洋红法 D.直接镜检法

3.下列说法错误的是( )。

A.镜检选择花药时需用醋酸洋红法将花粉细胞核染成红色或用焙花青—铬矾法染成蓝黑色

B.初花期的花蕾营养状态及生理状态较好，可提高花粉诱导的成功率

C.用于花蕾消毒的药品有体积分数为90%的酒精、无菌水及质量分数为0.1%的氯化汞溶液等

D.灭菌后的花药从除去萼片和花瓣、剥离花药到将花药接种到培养基上，整个过程都需要在无菌条件下进行

4.下列不是影响花药培养因素的是( )。

A.材料的选择和培养基的组成 B.亲本植株的生长条件

C.材料的低温预处理以及接种密度 D.做实验的时间

5.花粉母细胞经________分裂形成四个单倍体细胞，连在一起，叫________时期。四个单倍体细胞分开，进入________期。然后每个单倍体细胞进行一次________分裂，形成2个细胞，一个是________细胞，另一个是________细胞。生殖细胞再进行一次________分裂，形成2个精子。从理论上讲，这三个细胞遗传物质________，都是体细胞的________，所含基因________。

答案：1.D 花粉粒是由花粉母细胞经减数分裂形成的，细胞内的遗传物质与亲本相比发生了很大变化，所以繁殖名贵花卉，为了防止性状分离，既不能用种子繁殖，也不能用花粉粒进行组织培养。

2.C 在花药离体培养中，确定花粉发育时期最常用的方法是醋酸洋红法。花粉细胞核内有染色体，染色体易被碱性染料染成深色，而醋酸洋红为碱性染料。通过染色，可以确定花粉发育时期。

3.C 对花蕾消毒的药品中酒精的体积分数应为70%。

4.D 花药离体培养是在实验室条件下进行的，不受时间的限制。

5.解析：花粉粒是由花粉母细胞经过减数分裂而形成的。被子植物花粉的发育要经历小孢子四分体时期、单核期和双核期等阶段。在小孢子四分体时期，4个单倍体细胞连在一起，进入单核期时，四分体的4个单倍体细胞彼此分离，形成4个具有单细胞核的花粉粒。这时的细胞含浓厚的原生质，核位于细胞的中央(单核居中期)。随着细胞不断长大，细胞核由中央移向细胞一侧(单核靠边期)，并分裂成1个生殖细胞核和1个花粉管细胞核，进而形成两个细胞，一个是生殖细胞，一个是营养细胞。生殖细胞将再分裂一次，形成两个精子。这两个精子的基因型与营养细胞的基因型相同。

答案：减数 小孢子四分体 单核 有丝 营养 生殖 有丝 相同 一半 相同

篇12：冀教版七年级生物教案

课题1 果胶酶在果汁生产中的作用

1.简述果胶酶的作用。

2.检测果胶酶的活性。

3.探究温度和pH对果胶酶活性的影响以及果胶酶的最适用量。

4.搜集有关果胶酶应用的资料。

一、果胶酶的作用

1.果胶是植物________以及________的主要组成成分之一，它是由____________聚合而成的一种高分子化合物，不溶于水。在果汁加工中，果胶不仅会影响________，还会使果汁______。

2.果胶酶能够分解______，瓦解植物的________及________，使榨取果汁更容易，而果胶分解成可溶性的____________，也使得浑浊的果汁变得澄清。

3.果胶酶并不特指某一种酶，而是分解果胶的一类酶的总称，包括________________酶、__________酶和________酶等。

思考：利用果胶酶进行果泥处理时，可不可以再加入蛋白酶促进细胞壁分解?

二、酶的活性与影响酶活性的因素

1.酶的活性：酶催化______________的能力。

2.酶活性的高低可用在一定条件下，酶所催化的某一化学反应的__________来表示，即单位时间内、单位体积中反应物的________或产物的________来表示。

3.影响酶活性的因素有：__________、pH和________________等。

4.实验设计

(1)探究温度对果胶酶活性的影响

①实验原理：果胶酶活性受温度影响，处于最适温度时，活性。果肉的出汁率、果汁的澄清度与果胶酶活性大小成______。

②实验的变量：自变量是温度，因变量是果汁的澄清度和出汁率。

(2)探究pH对酶活性的影响

①实验原理：果胶酶活性受pH影响，处于最适pH时，活性，高于或低于最适pH时酶活性降低。

②实验变量：自变量是______，因变量是果汁的________和出汁率。

三、果胶酶的用量

1.果胶生产时，为了使果胶酶得到充分利用，应控制好酶的用量，用量多少常通过测量____________来探究。

2.实验设计：自变量是________的用量，因变量是果汁的______。

答案：一、1.细胞壁 胞间层 半乳糖醛酸 出汁率 浑浊

2.果胶 细胞壁 胞间层 半乳糖醛酸

3.多聚半乳糖醛酸 果胶分解 果胶酯

思考：不可以。因为果胶酶是蛋白质，加入蛋白酶后会使果胶酶被分解。

二、1.一定化学反应

2.反应速度 减少量 增加量

3.温度 酶的抑制剂

4.(1)正比 (2)pH 澄清度

三、1.果汁的体积

2.果胶酶 体积

1.果胶酶的组成及特点

果胶酶不是特指某一种酶，而是分解果胶的一类酶的总称;果胶酶的化学本质是蛋白质，能被蛋白质酶水解掉;果胶酶具有酶的通性：只改变反应速度，不改变反应的平衡点。

能够产生果胶酶的生物包括植物、霉菌、酵母菌和细菌等，食品工业生产中需要的果胶酶主要来自霉菌发酵生产。可生成果胶酶的霉菌有黑曲霉、米曲霉和文氏曲霉等。培养曲霉可用液体培养法，需添加果胶作为诱导物。

2.探究温度和pH对酶活性的影响及探究果胶酶用量的两个实验的注意事项

(1)在探究温度或pH的影响时，需要设置对照实验，不同的温度梯度之间或不同的pH梯度之间就可以作为对照，这种对照称为相互对照。如果将温度或pH作为变量，控制不变的量应有苹果泥的用量、果胶酶的用量、反应的时间和过滤的时间等。只有在实验中保证一个自变量，实验结果才能说明问题。

(2)在混合苹果泥和果胶酶之前，要将苹果泥和果胶酶分装在不同的试管中恒温处理。这样可以保证底物和酶在混合时的温度是相同的，避免了苹果泥和果胶酶混合时影响混合物的温度，从而影响果胶酶活性的问题。

(3)在用果胶酶处理苹果泥时，为了使果胶酶能充分地催化反应，应用玻璃棒不时搅拌。

题型一 果胶酶的作用及影响因素

【例题1】 果胶是植物细胞壁以及胞间层的主要成分之一。果胶酶能够分解果胶，瓦解植物的细胞壁及胞间层。请你完成以下有关果胶酶和果汁生产的问题。

(1)在果汁生产中应用果胶酶可以提高________和________。

(2)某实验小组进行了“探索果胶酶催化果胶水解最适宜的pH”的课题研究。本课题的实验步骤中，在完成“烧杯中分别加入苹果泥、试管中分别注入果胶酶溶液、编号、编组”之后，有下面两种操作：

方法一：将试管中果胶酶溶液和烧杯中的苹果泥相混合，再把混合液的pH分别调至4、5、6……10。

方法二：将试管中果胶酶溶液和烧杯中苹果泥pH分别调至4、5、6……10，再把pH相等的果胶酶溶液和苹果泥相混合。

①请问哪一种方法更为科学?__________，并说明理由：______________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________。

②实验操作中要用玻璃棒不时搅拌，其目的是________，以减少实验误差。

③如果用曲线图的方式记录实验结果，在现有的条件下，当横坐标表示pH，纵坐标表示________时，实验的操作和记录是比较切实可行的。根据你对酶特性的了解，在下图中选择一个最可能是实验结果的曲线图：________。若实验所获得的最适pH=m，请你在所选的曲线图中标出“m”点的位置。

解析：果胶酶可以提高果汁的出汁率和澄清度。方法二是将试管中的果胶酶溶液和烧杯中苹果泥的pH分别调至4、5、6……10，再把pH相等的两溶液相混合，这样操作能够确保酶的反应环境从一开始便达到实验预设的pH环境。否则，由于酶在pH升高或降低时把果胶分解了，造成误差。实验操作中要用玻璃棒不时搅拌的目的是使酶和反应物(果胶)充分地接触，以减少实验误差。实验中的坐标图，横坐标表示pH，纵坐标表示果汁体积最合适。在一定范围内，随pH增大，酶的活性增强，生产的果汁多，体积增大;超过最适pH，随pH增大，酶的活性减弱，生产的果汁少，体积减小。

答案：(1)出汁率 澄清度

(2)①方法二 方法二的操作能够确保酶的反应环境从一开始便达到实验预设的pH环境(或“方法一的操作会在达到预定pH之前就发生了酶的催化反应”)

②使酶和反应物(果胶)充分地接触

③果汁体积 甲 如下图所示

甲

题型二 实验变量

【例题2】 探究温度、pH对果胶酶活性的影响和探究果胶酶用量的三个实验中，实验变量依次为( )。

A.温度、酶活性、酶用量 B.苹果泥用量、pH、果汁量

C.反应时间、酶活性、酶用量 D.温度、pH、果胶酶用量

解析：首先要明确实验变量、反应变量等基本概念，在此基础上，针对三个探究实验进行分析。实验一为探究果胶酶的最适温度，实验二为探究果胶酶的最适pH，实验三为探究果胶酶的最适用量，从而选出正确答案。

答案：D

反思领悟：设计实验时应该遵循单一变量原则、对照原则和等量原则进行实验设计，才能得出正确的结论。

1.下列关于酶的叙述不正确的是( )。

A.绝大多数酶是活细胞产生的具有催化能力的一类特殊的蛋白质

B.参加反应的前后，酶的化学性质不变

C.酶的活性受环境的pH和温度的影响

D.酶在细胞内才能发挥作用，离开细胞即失效

2.以下关于果胶酶的叙述正确的是( )。

A.果胶酶包括多聚半乳糖醛酸酶、果胶分解酶、果胶酯酶等

B.果胶酶的化学成分为固醇

C.果胶酶的催化作用不受温度影响

D.果胶酶可以催化多种化学反应

3.下列哪一项说法是错误的?( )

A.酶是细胞合成的生物催化剂

B.温度、pH和酶的抑制剂等条件会影响果胶酶的活性

C.果胶酶能催化果胶分解，但不能提高水果的出汁率，只能使果汁变得澄清

D.生产果汁时，为了使果胶酶得到充分的利用，节约成本，需要控制好酶的用量

4.在用果胶酶处理果泥时，为了使果胶酶能够充分地催化反应，应采取的措施是( )。

A.加大果泥用量 B.加大果胶酶用量

C.进一步提高温度 D.用玻璃棒不时地搅拌反应混合物

答案：1.D 酶是活细胞产生的，但酶发挥作用并不一定都在细胞内。如各类消化酶是消化腺细胞产生并分泌的，在消化道内消化有机物。

2.A 果胶酶同其他大多数酶一样，其主要成分是蛋白质，其催化作用受温度和pH等因素的影响，果胶酶只能催化果胶的分解。

3.C 果胶酶能使果汁变得澄清，并能提高水果的出汁率。

4.D 用玻璃棒不断搅拌反应混合物，可使果胶酶和果泥充分接触，更好地催化反应

冀教版七年级生物教案

篇13：冀教版七年级英语下册教案

难点讲评

1.What time do you get up?

What time +助动词do/does +主语+动词原形，询问某人做某事的具体时间。

what time do you begin class in the morning?

注：What’s the time=What time is it?也是用来询问时间，意为“几点了”。用it作答。

What’s the time? It’s 7:30.

2.I usually get up at five o’clock.

1)句中usually与often 一样都是频度副词，常用于动词be 之后，行为动词之前。always 意思是“总是”、“永远”，表示动作重复，状态继续，中间没有间断。

We always get up before six o'clock.

He is always thinking of others.

always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never

2)介词 at 常用于具体时刻之前，意义为 在…… ，如：at 5：00 在5：00钟。

介词at 除了指时间以外，还可指

(1)人物的所在之处，如：at my uncle’s home 在我姑姑家, at the station 在火车站.

(2)朝向，如：look at me!看我!

(3)指速度或价格.如：she buys the book at a good price 她以优惠的价格买了这本书。

on，at，in这三个常用介词都可以表示时间和地点，但具体用法不同.

①on用在日期、星期几、节日前，也表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上。

on November 1st on Monday on Children’s Day on Tuesday evening

②in用于月份、季节、年份前，当early，late用于句首修饰介词短语时，尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上，都要用in，泛指一般的上、下午，晚上也用in 。

Early in the morning of National Day，I got up to catch the first bus to the zoo.

③将来时态表“过一段时间后” 及“在...期间” 和“在某个季节，某年、某月” 都用in。

Xiao Ming was born in December of 2004.

3. What a funny time to eat breakfast!

(1)What a/an +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!

what a good girl she is!

(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!

What good girls they are!

(3)What +形容词+不可为名词+主语+谓语!

What terrible weather it is!

4、He works at a radio station.

work:人们日常工作和生活中从事的体力和脑力劳动，各类工作。不可数名词

job:指具体的职业或工作。可数名词

5、take a walk

take a walk=have a work=go for a walk 散步

6、either...or...

“要么、、、要么、、、”，连接句子中两个并列的成分，表示两者之一。

当连接两个主语时，谓语动词应该与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，即就近原则。

7.People love to listen to him.

love to do sth.=like to do sth.very much.喜欢做某事，强调具体活动。

而love doing sth.=like doing sth. very much则强调习惯。

Do you come out to play with me?你喜欢出来和我玩吗?

I like watching TV.我喜欢看电视。

8.hear与listen to

hear 意为“听见”，表示听的结果，而listen to则表示“听”，强调的是“听”的动作。

Let’s listen to the music.

We listen but don’t hear.

9. He gets home at 7：00，and he watches morning news on TV.

1)句中get 意为 “到达 ”，后接地点名词时，要加介词to，后接副词时，不能加to.

She gets to school at six o’clock.

注： home 是一个副词，所以其前不能加介词to，但home也可作名词，这时其前有物主代词时，可以加to，

She gets to her home at eight o’clock .

a piece of news 一条新闻 ，two pieces of news 两条新闻 。

Watch……On TV 表示 通过电视看……节目

We often watch football game on TV.

10、lots of=a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词复数形式，也可以修饰不可数名词。

11.What time is it?-几点了?-It’s eight thirty. 八点三十分。

本句是就具体时刻进行提问的，what time 意为“几点”，这是特殊问句，它的同义句为：

What’s the time? /What time is it by your watch? 在回答这个句子时,要用It’s +钟点。

注：英语时刻的表达法：顺读法和逆读法。

顺读法：钟点数+分钟数。

4：25→four twenty-five，6：58→six fifty-eight，7：→seven o clock

说明：这种表达不论分钟数是多少，均可使用。

逆读法：分钟为+介词to/past+钟点数，可分两种情况：

1)分钟为不超过半小时，用分钟数+past(/pa：st/过)+钟点数。

4：23→twenty-three past four，5：19→nineteen past five.

2)分钟数超过了半小时，用(所差的)分钟的+to+(下一个)钟点为。

7：31→twenty-nine to eight，10：58→two to eleven

在逆读法中分钟数逢 “五”逢 “十”可省略minute(s)。否则应加上。当然，英语习惯上把十五分钟(fifteen)称作一刻a quarter，三十分钟(thirty)称为half/half，因此10：30，可以用两种表达方式，half past ten，ten thirty。

12.Thanks for your letter.

Thanks for your help.

Thanks for telling me the good news.

13. Do you want to know about my morning?

1)该句中 want to do…句型。表示“想要做某事”，该短语中want为及物动词，后面的to do

是不定式

I want to play the drum.

I want to see my old teacher next week.

3)know about 知道有关…，了解有关…，句中about 意为“关于，有关”的意思。

17.Please write and tell me about your morning.请写信告诉我你的早晨。

释：1)tell sb. about sth.告诉某人有关某事的情况。

My father often tells me about China.

2)write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.给某人写信。

She often writes me a letter=She often writes a letter to me.

三.重点短语

1.what time 几点

2.go to school 去上学

3.get up 起床

4.take a shower 洗淋浴

5.brush tooth 刷牙

6.get to 到达

7.do homework 做家庭作业

8.go to work 去上班

9.go home 回家

10.eat breakfast 吃早餐

11.get dressed 穿上衣服

12.get home 到家

13.either...or... 要么、、、要么

14.go to bed 上床睡觉

15.in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上

16.take a walk 散步

17.lots of 许多

18.radio station 广播电视

19.at night 在晚上

20.be late for 迟到

四.语法知识点

1. what time与when

what time翻译为“几点”问的是具体的时间，一般回答要具体到小时。

What time do you go to school?

I go to school at half past seven o’clock.

回答具体到点钟，且注意在几点前边的介词用at。

when也是对时间的提问，但与what time的区别是：用when提问，回答既可以是具体的时间，也可以是不具体的时间，如：in the morning，last year，in 1998等范围大的时间。www.Xkb1.coM

向对方询问具体时间时，即几点几分，只能用what time，不能用when。

询问年份、月份、日期时，只能用when，不能用what time。

2. 英语时间的表达

(1)整点时间可表示为“钟点数+o’clock”或直接读钟点数，省去o’clock。如：

It’s ten o’clock a. m. 现在是上午十点整。

(2)非整点时间可直接采取读数法。如：

It’s eight-thirty. 是八点三十分。

注意时间的表达方式：用数词。点与分钟之间用连字如：

eleven-thirty 十一点三十分

nine-twenty-five 九点二十五分

6:10 →six-ten 8:50→eight-fifty

9:30→nine-thirty 10:15→ten-fifteen

7:45→seven forty-five 11:05→eleven-five

(3)非整点时间的分钟数不超过30分钟，也可用介词“past”。如：

6:10→ten past six

11:05→five past eleven

10:15→ a quarter past ten或fifteen past ten

8:15→a quarter past eight或fifteen past eight

9:30→half past nine或thirty past nine

(4)非整点时间的分钟数超过30分钟，用介词to。如：

11:50→ten to twelve

7:31→twenty-nine to eight

9:45→a quarter to ten或fifteen to ten

12:59→one to thirteen

此句话还有几种表达方式。如：

What is the time? 几点了?

What time is it by your watch? 你的手表几点了?

( )1.--What's the time? --______one-thirty.

A. Its B.It's C.This is D.They're

( )2.I usually _______ at nine-thirty at night.

A. get to school B.get up C.go to bedD.go home

( )3.He likes ______ the radio. wwW.x kB 1.c Om

A.listens B.to listen to C. listens to D.to listen

( )4.I _______ at seven.

A. go to the school B.go to a school C.go to school D.go school

( )5.We only have _______ shower.

A. some B.an C.the D.one

( )6.My sister _______ home at 5:00 every day.

A. gets B.gets toC.get D.get to

( )7.We can watch Beijing Opera _____ TV.

A. in B.at C.on D.from

( )8.Let's ________.

A. take a shower B.have a shower C.take the shower D.A and B

( )9.My brother ____ the morning TV every day.

A. watches B.watch C.watches D.see

( )10.--______ do you usually go to bed?

--At six.

A. What time B.How time C.When D.A and C

( )11. Zhang Min usually gets up _______.

A. at six thirty B.at thirty six C.on six thirty D.on thirty six

( )12.Rick often does ______ homework at 6:00.

A.her B.his C.my D.your

( )13.--______ do people have dinner?

--At home. A.What B.When C.WhereD.B and C

( )14.In our school, school _____ at 7:30.

A.is B.start C.starts D.does

One day , an old man was selling a big elephant . A young man came up to the elephant and began to look at it slowly . The old man went up to him and said in his ear . “Don’t say anything about the elephant before I sell it . Then I will give you some meat .” “All right .”said the young man . After the old man sold the elephant , he gave the young man some met and said : “Now, can you tell me how you see the bad ears of the elephant ?” “I didn’t find the bad ears .”said the young man . “Then why do you look at it slowly ?”asked the old man . The young man said : “I never see an elephant before, and I want to know what it looks like.”

( )1________ the elephant.

A. The young man bought B. The old man sold

C. The two men sold D. The young man sold

( )2. The young man looked at the elephant . He wanted to find _____.

A. its bad ears B. some meat C. a good elephant D. what it looks like

( )3. The young man ________.

A.knew the elephant wasn’t good B. found the bad ears but didn’t tell it .

C. looked after the elephant D. got some meat

( )4.We know that ________.

A. the two men were not honest B. the young man wasn't a bad man

C. the old man was a good man D. the elephant was a very good one

( )5. The young man looked at the elephant slowly because he _______.

A. liked elephant B. wanted to buy it

C. didn’t see any elephant before D. wanted to help the old man

篇14：冀教版七年级英语下册教案

一、重点词汇

1. one hundred and five

表示具体的“几百”时，用“基数词+hundred”表示，注意此时hundred不能加s.

hundreds of表示“数百;成百上千的”，这是hundred后面有s,而且hundreds后面要有介词of,并且不能与数词连用。

与hundred 用法类似的还有单词：thousand，million，billion.

Our school is so famous that_____ people come and visit it every term.

A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundred of D. hundreds of

2. I ride it to school every day.

ride “骑”，后可接bike, horse, motorbike等。

还可以用做可数名词，“旅程”。 an hour’s ride 乘车一个小时的路程

every “每个;每一”，其后接单数可数名词。every day “每天”

every day 表示某事发生的频率，“每天，天天”。

I go to school every day.

everyday 形容词，“日常的，普通的”。

I study everyday English every day.

3. live

live 不及物动词，“居住，生活”，其后若跟名词则必须在名词前加上适当的介词。

I like to live in the country.

live on sth. “以某物为食”

Sheep live on grass.

live a ...life “过、、、生活”

The old man lives a happy life.

4. bus stop

bus stop与bus station 都是指“公共汽车站”。

bus stop 指城镇内外的停车点，bus station指能停、转车辆的汽车站点。

stop 做动词，意为“停止”，常用结构：

stop to do sth. “停下来去做某事”

stop doing sth. “停止做某事”(停止正在做的)

Let’s stop to have a rest.

Stop talking, please.

5. Crossing the River to School

cross是动词，“穿越，越过”，主要指“横穿”。

还可以作名词，意为“十字形，叉形符号”。

across既可以作介词，也可以作副词。

crossing 是名词，“渡口，交叉点”。

6. For many students,it is easy to get to school.

It is +adj.+to do sth. “做某事是.......”

7. There is a very big river between their school and the village.

between ...and... “在....和...之间”，连接两个并列的成分。

between/among

(1) between 用于两者之间。

(2) among 用于三个或三个以上的人或物的“中间”。

8. But he is not afraid.

afraid: “害怕的，畏惧的”。

(1)be afraid of sth. 害怕某事/某物

(2)be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事

(3)be afraid of doing sth. 唯恐做某事，指担心或担忧做某事会引起某种后果。

(4)be afraid + that从句，恐怕....

(5)为某件已经发生或可能发生的事表示歉意或者作出否定判断，相当于sorry.

9. Many of the students and villagers never leave the village.

leave主要用法归纳如下:

1. 离开; 脱离

The train will leave at six tomorrow morning.

2. 把……留在; 留下

Leave the child at home. 把小孩留在家里。

3. 遗忘; 丢下

I left my notebook in the dormitory. 我把笔记本落在宿舍里了。

4. 使……处于(某种状态),后面常接宾语补足语

Leave the door open.

5. leave for+地点，“动身去某地”

He left for the station a few minutes ago.

10.must /have to

must多表示主观需要或责任感的驱使有必要或有义务去做某事，多译为“必须”，

have to多表示客观存在的环境所限,即客观要求(无奈)而为之，多译为“不得不干某事”。

I must clean the room because there are too dirty.

I have to do my homework now.

11. It takes sb some money/time to do sth.花费某人多少时间/钱做某事

Sb pay some money for sth 某人为某物花费多少钱

Sb spend some time/money on sth 某人在做某事或某物上花费时间/钱

Sb spend some time/ money (in)doing sth

Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人多少钱

二、短语归纳

1.get to school 到校 2.take the subway 乘地铁

3.take the train 坐火车 4.leave for 到……地方去，离开去某地

5.take…to…把……带到…… 6. most students 大多数学生

7. depend on 依赖，决定于 8.from…to…从……到……

9.think of 想到，想起 10.ride bikes 骑自行车

11.in other parts of the world 在世界的其他地方 12. how far 多远

13.take the train to school 乘火车去上学 14.in places 在一些地方

15.go to school by boat乘船去上学 1 6.on the school bus乘坐校车

17.be different from和……不同 18.worry about 担忧，焦虑，担心

三、语法专项

how 引导的特殊疑问句

1.how 引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分三种情况：

a. take a/an/the+交通工具(单数)

take +a/an/the+表示交通工具的名词，乘……去某地。

He takes the train.

b. by+交通工具(单数)

c. on/in+限定词+交通工具

by+表示交通工具的单数名词或on/in+ a/an/the/one’s+表示交通工具的单数名词，是介词短语作方式状语。

I get to school by bike. = I get to school on my bike.

3.walk/ride/drive/fly+to+地点名词，步行/骑自行车/开车/坐飞机去某地

表示乘交通工具方式可以互换表达相同的意义:

Take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus

Drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car

Fly to shanghai=go to shanghai by plane/air=take the/a plane to shanghai=go to shanghai on a/an/the plane.

2. how far 用来提问距离，多远，其答语分为两种：

(1)用长度单位表示：It is five kilometers.

(2)用时间表示：It’s twenty minutes’ walk.

3.how long 用来提问时间，意为多久回答常用“for+段时”。

----How long have you learnt English?

----For 3 years.

4.how soon 用来提问做完某事还需要多长时间， 常用于将来时态时， 常用“in+时间段”来回答。

――How soon will you arrive in Beijing?

----In 3 hours.

(二)宾语从句

1.在句子中起宾语作用的句子叫宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序。

2.宾语从句的连接词：

(1)从属连词有that, if, whether。

Nobody knew whether she could pass the exam.

I know that she is from America.

(2)连接代词有who, whom, whose, what 等

Do you know whose book it is?

Could you tell me what your father looks like?

(3)连接副词有when, where, why, how等

He didn’t tell me when we could meet again.

I don’t know how I can get there. wwW.x kB 1.c Om

I’m always very busy (忙的) every day. I usually 1 up early at 6:30 in the morning. But 2 . I’m still sleepy (睡着的) . I put on my clothes, I wash my hands 3 face…Do this! Do that. 4 I have my 5 . I go go school. I usually leave home at 7:00. At school we all study 6 . We study English. Chinese, maths and so on (等等). 7 noon (中午) I get home and have lunch. At 1:30 I go to school again. Sometimes we play 8 football in the afternoon. I go home at 4:30. In the evening I do 9 homework. I go to bed at 10:00 and I go to sleep (入睡) very 10 .

( )1. A. get B. gets C. getting D. getting

( )2. A. often B. usually C. sometimes D. always

( )3. A. and B. or C. but D. so

( )4. A. Before B. After C. When D. If

( )5. A. lunch B. supper C. breakfast D. meal

( )6. A. easy B. different C. difficult D. hard

( )7. A. on B. On C. at D. At

( )8. A. the B. × C. a D. an

( )9. A. many B. a lot of C. any D. a lot

( )10. A. next B. soon C. first D. last

选词填空。请从方框内选择适当的词语完成这封信。

Writing, talking, sitting , playing, swimming , flying, sunny, studying, drawing, having

Dear Bob,

My name is Rich .I’m fourteen years old .I’m(1)__________ in a middle school .My school is nice and clean. There are 30 students in my class .It’s(2) _______ today . My classmates and I are(3) ________ a good time on the beach .It’s a nice place .The water is blue and clear . Many birds are(4) ________ over the sea .Many people are (5)_________ . Some boys are(6) _________ football . Some people are (7)________ on the beach . A girl is(8) _________ pictures on a chair .Another girl is (9)________ photos .I’m (10)_________to you ! What are you doing ? I hope you can write to me soon .

Best wishes! Rich

篇15：冀教版四年级英语上册教案

冀教版四年级英语上册教案

Lesson1  Where’s the Library 教学目标： 1. 知识目标：能听、说、读、写单词classroom, gym, library,  能表演本科对话Where’s the gym? 2. 能力目标：能用Where’s the……进行问路。 3. 情感目标：通过学习有关校园设施，激发学生热爱学校的情感。通过对话的学习，使学生更加懂礼貌，培养学生助人为乐的品质。 教学重难点： 本课单词和对话。 教具学具：卡片，录音机以及磁带。 教学过程： Step1. Greeting. “Welcome to school, Hello, boys and girls!” 放完暑假刚刚回到学校，那么学生对去年一年学过的知识都有些淡忘，那么新课导入可以相互问候的方式来复习先前学过关于问候的知识，然后可以用聊天的`方式聊到暑期都做了些什么，可以复习一下第二册书中学过的关于食物，动作，游戏系列的短语，最后可以采用Where are you going in holiday?引出一些地点名词来导入新课Where’s the……句型。 Step2. Revision. Say to the students“How are you?”“Nice to meet you.”“How do you feel today”等学过的问候语，提示学生回答。 Ask “What did you do in the holiday?”来复习第二册书中学过的关于食物，动作，游戏系列的单词和短语。Then ask “Where did you go this holiday?” Step3. Presentation. 1.The teacher says “This holiday I went to the gym. I play ping-pong in the gym. What’s the gym? I can show you.” Show the picture. 2.Spell and read “gym”, Then stick it on the wall in the classroom. 3.Teacher says “Jenny went to  the library to read a book.” Show the picture of library.  Spell and read “library”, Then stick it on the wall in the classroom. 4. The teacher says “Where are you, my students?” to teach “classroom”. Step4. Practice. 1.Listen to the tape and repeat. 2.Game. “Guess the word” The teacher says “I can play ping-pong. Where is it?” So point to and says “gym”. Step5.Presentation. 1.Teacher shows picture “Danny” and says “He wants to read a book, but he doesn’t know where the library is.”. Let Danny and teacher show the dialogue. “Where is the library?” 2.Write the dialogue on the blackboard,read a few times. 3.The teacher explains “Excuse me , thanks”. Step6. Practice. 1.Listen to the tape and repeat. 2.Do the pair work and play in the role. Step6.练习板书设计： Lesson1 Where’s the Library? gym  D: Excuse me. Where’s the Library? library  T: I can show you. Here it is. classroom  D: Thanks. T: You’re welcome. 课后反思： Lesson2 : Turn Right, Turn left   教学目标： 1.知识目标：掌握本课重点概念:  office  stairs Turn right,turn left,go straight,go up the stairs 2.能力目标：使学生能够熟练地运用“Where are you going? To the……” 3.情感目标：感知英语的实用性，增强学习英语的兴趣。 教学重难点： 1.重要概念Turn right,turn left,go straight,go up the stairs 2.学生能够熟练地运用“Where are you going? To the……” 教具、学具： 1.本课图片. 2.录音机及磁带 3.单词卡片 教学过程 1.Greeting 2. Review Ask and answer用以复习Lesson1: T: Where is the gym/library/……? S: 可以用汉语回答,以便引出新知识: Turn right, turn left, go straight, go up the stairs 3.New Concepts: Part1: Using the map of school,point out “office” and “stairs” as you and the students say the words a few times.then teach the structure “where are you going? To the……”Model the dialogue with a volunteer.For example: T:please walk to the door.(indicate your meaning with gestures if necessary) S:(walk to the door) T: Where are you going? S: To the…… Listen to part 1 once then answer these questions: a: Where is the teacher going? b: Where is Jenny going? Listen to part 1 again and students try to follow it. Part2: Act out “turn right,turn left,go straight,go up the stairs”say the words with the students a few times as you do the actions. 其中课上让学生们起立，通过刚刚讲授过的短语来让让老师发口令，同学们配合做动作向左转向右转，然后可以由同学来发口令，让学生做动作。由于四年级孩子的年龄特点，让他们做肢体动作很容易提起他们的积极性，在玩中学，是孩子学习事半功倍的一种好方法。 Write the words on the blackboard as you and the students say them a few times. Listen to part 2 again and students try to follow it. 4.Practice:Listen and do. 5.作业:  对话练习. 板书设计:  Lesson2 :Turn Right Turn Left Where are you going? To the office …… Where is the office?   Turn right…… 课后反思： Lesson3: Bicycles 教学目标： 1、  知识目标：掌握本课重点概念: bicycle, tire,seat,wheel,chain,bell near,far from 2.能力目标：使学生能够熟练运用本课对话。 3.情感目标：培养学生学习英语的兴趣。 教学重难点：创编对话 教具、学具： 1. bicycle，near,far的图片. 2.录音机及磁带 3.单词卡片 教学过程: 1.Greetings 2.Demonstrate: Part1: Show a picture of “bicycle”.Explain that most English speakers shorten this word to “bike”. Hold up the large picture of the bicycle ,teach the name of each part and students say them a few times. Drill the students on the new vocabulary as you point to the bicycle and its parts. Listen to part 1 and students try to follow it. Play a game: What’s missing? Part2: The seat is (near) the bell.  The chain is( far from )the bell.(通过自行车部件的演示使学生理解near ,far from的含义。)  Listen to the part2 and follow it.   Part3:   Play the tape as students follow in their books.discuss the questions: a:Where does LiMing want to go? b:Is the library far or near?  Listen to part 3 again and students try to follow it. 3.Practice:Place an object close to or far from another object.Ask “Is the……near or far from the……?”   4.Homework：创编对话 板书设计: Lesson3:Bicycles Bicycle的简笔画 far   near   课后反思： Lesson 4  Cars and Trucks. 教学目标： 1.能听、硕、读、写单词car,  truck,  bus,  cab. 2.能够听懂并学唱歌曲 教学重难点： 1.能听、硕、读、写单词car,  truck,  bus,  cab并能在实际生活中运用。 2.学唱歌曲。 教具学具：some pictures,  audiotape,  puppet, model, CAI. 教学过程： Class Opening and Review 1. Greeting 2. Review “bicycle, near, far ” T: (出示课件) What’s this? Ss: It’s a bicycle.  T: What can you see on the picture? Ss: I can see a house.  T: Yeah! The bicycle is ?   the house. Ss: The bicycle is near the house.  T: (出示课件) The bicycle is ? from the house. Ss: The bicycle is far from the house. New Concepts Bus, car, cab, truck 1. Demonstrate T: (出示课件)The school is  ? from our house. Ss: Far. T: Yes! The school is far from our house. We’re tired to go to school by bicycle. So let’s take a  .   (Show the picture of “bus”) Look. This is a bus. Bus. Read after me ,please.   Ss: Bus, bus. T: (板书“bus”)Let’s take a bus.   Ss: Let’s take a bus. (在句型“Let’s take a ___.” 中操练所学单词，做到“词不离句，句不离词”，避免学生孤立的学习单词。) Use the same method to teach “car cab and truck”. Note:Ⅰ. Explain the complete word for “cab’ is “taxicab. Ⅱ. Pay attention to “car” and “cab”. They’re similar to each other. 2. Game: Hide it! (Do it with toy car, toy cab, toy bus and toy truck.) T: I’ll choose a student go out the classroom, then I hide the car, Then the student come back to find the car. The other students can say “near” or “far” to help him find the car. Do you ununderstand? 3. Game: Lucky Man! T: (出示课件) Look! There are many teddy bears, some of them have questions, if you can choose them out and answer them correctly, your team will get one car. Are you clear?   Ss: Yes. T: Ok! Now let’s begin.(Team One and team Two)   More drill. (Let’s take a _____.) T: (出示课件) Look at the pictures carefully, and choose out the correct vehicle. Can you? 4. Listen to the tape and follow. Song “The Wheels on the Bus” 1.Show a model of bus to teach “wheel, wipers, horn”. 2.Use the actions of the baby to teach the action “around and around”, “swish and swich”, “beep and beep”. “up and down”, “waa waa waa”, “shh shh shh” 3.Look at the CAI and listen and do. 4.Read the song. 5.Sing with CAI. 6.Sing the song with the actions. Homework: Make a model(模型) of your favourite car. 板书设计： Lesson4 ： Cars and Trucks  

篇16：版冀教版四年级英语上册教案

教学内容：

Look and read Play a game

教学目标：

1.知识目标：Using possessive adjectives to show possession Using nouns phrasesto identify people,animals,events,objects and activities Asking simple questionsto obtain yes/no answers

2.能力目标：Communicate with teachers or other learners

3.情态目标：爱护绿化

重点难点：

Its stalk is long. Has it got …?

Teaching aids:pictures,recorder

教学过程：

一、Warming –up

1,Sing a song

2,Daily talk

Revision Review:stalk,leaves,flowers,roots,

二、Presentation

1.Show a picture of a plant with flowers. Ask:What is it?Is it a tree? Toelicit:a plant/ Ask:What colour are the flowers? What colour are the leaves? Toelicit:They?re… Ask:Are they long or short? To elicit:They?re long(short) .

2.Draw another plants. Say:Look at this plant.Its flowers are red. Look atthat plant .Its flowers are purple.

3.Listen to the tape.

4.Say sth.about the plant .

Show a picture of a tree. Introduce:a trunk,branches.

Make sentences:Its trunk is big. It branches are long.

Listeen to the tape.

Say sth about the tree.

Play the cassette:

Play a game/ Listen and repeat.

Play this game.

三、Consolidation

1.Photocopiable pages 44-45.

2.Workbook page 29.

3.Grammar practice book 4a page 35.

板书设计：

Unit 2 Look at, Its stalk is…

Its trunk is…

leaves are …branches… roots flowers

篇17：lesson57 教案教学设计(冀教版英语七年级)

Lesson 57 Summer Is Here!导学案

老师寄语：Everything comes to him who waits.

功夫不负有心人。

学习目标： 1.掌握本课生词及短语。

2．理解对话大意，并加强英语阅读能力。

3．能用英语谈论夏季的一些活动。

4．掌握本课重点知识点。

一 自主学习

1．在课前，借助音标或同学帮助，大声朗读单词，并识记。（小组互查）

2．从课文中找出以下词组，借助单词表或上下文，将其译成英语。（组内成

互查，或小组间互相抽查）

（1）enjoy oneself （2）play soccer

（3）go swimming （4）look scared

（5）the swimming pool （6） Don’t worry!

（7）have fun （8）like to do sth

3.朗读课文，把握主旨，回答下列问题。

(1) Will Li Ming go home this summer?

(2) What does Danny like to do in summer?

(3) Does Li Ming want to go swimming?

(4) What is Jenny doing in the swimming pool?

(5) Is the water in the pool cold or warm?

(6) Who will teach Danny to swim?

4.回答完上面问题，你一定对课文的大意有所了解，那么再试着将下列句子补充完整。

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