【导语】“likeyuan”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了8篇12月四级答案，下面就是小编给大家整理后的12月四级答案，希望您能喜欢！
- 目录
篇1：12月英语四级作文答案
第一版：
For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying “Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission.” You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning“. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
破题思路:
第一段: 解释引言内容. 提出文章的主旨: “学习的重要性”
第二段: 分析原因 此处可以结合例子.
第三段: 得出结论
参考范文:
Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission. This is a proverb full of logic. In other words, learning is significant in our whole life. Indeed, we can learn many things from it. If you understand it and apply it to your study or work, you’ll necessarily benefit a lot from it.
There are many reasons which can explain this phenomenon and the following are the typical ones. The first reason is that learning can light our road in the coming future. There is no denying the fact that the society is developing increasingly fast and we are often easily surpassed by the people around. The only way to avoid this is to learn to improve ourselves. As an illustration, I’d like to take myself as an example. After graduation from college, my life has been full of working pressure, which contributes to my decision of pursuing further education. That’s why I can make my own way in such a competitive society.
The effect of learning can be boiled down to two major ones. First, with the spirit of learning, we are more capable of overcoming the difficulties in the future. More importantly, we can enrich our spare time life by learning. No matter who you are, you must remember that learning is the basic skill in our life.
篇2：12月英语四级答案
一、四级听力部分：
暂无
二、四级选词填空部分：
When my son completes a task, I can't hlep but praise him.
26. B. constant
27. G. negative
28. K. repeatedly
29. L. rewarded
30. C disappointing
31 .H. outcome
32.1. pattern
33. D. distinguish
34. N. simply
35.0. undertaken
三、四级信息匹配部分：
The History of the Lunch Box
36. [F] City kids,on the other hand,went home for lunch and came back.
37. [j] The company sold 600, 000 units the first year.
38. [〇] The introduction of backpacks changed the lunch box scene a bit^he adds.
39. [C] Lunch boxes have been connecting kids to cartoons and TV shows and super-heroes for decades.
40. [H] And then everything changed in the year of 1950.
41 .[L] The new trend was also a great example of planned obsolescence,that is,to design a product so that it will soon become unfashionable or impossible to use and will need replacing.
42. [D] Let's start back at the beginning of the 20th century-the beginning of the lunch box story,really.
43. [A] It was made of shiny,bright pink plastic with a Little Mermaid sticker on the front,and I carried it with me nearly every single day.
44. [M] The metal lunch box craze Lasted until the mid-1980s,when plastic took over.
45. [I] But these containers were really durable.lasting years on end.
四、四级仔细阅读部分：
P1
46 A When they don_ t have the chance to do what they want
47 D Harmful conduct
48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves rather than endure boredom
49 C It may promote creative thinking.
50 D Allow oneself some time to be bored.
P2
51 .B Forests are fast shrinking in many developing countries.
52. C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage.
53. A The government’ s advocacy
54. C Their capability of improving air quality
55. D Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions
五、四级作文部分：
Writing
Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
范文：
Changes in the way of transportation
As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on transportation emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people_ s lifestyle has been changed as well.
The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows. First of all, with the development of technology, the price of transportation is much cheaper than before. Moreover, compared with traditional ways of buying tickets, transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticket offices. Besides, highspeed railways gradually replace the oldfashioned green trains, which can tremendously improve travelers’ comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way.
From my perspective, the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation, I can_ t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.
六、翻译部分：
春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。团圆饭是一年中最重要的 晩餐，也是家庭团聚的最佳时机，家人生活在不同地方的家庭 尤其如此。团圆饭上的菜肴丰萬多样，其中有些菜肴有特殊含 义。例如，鱼是不可缺少的一道菜，因为汉语中的“鱼”字和 “余”字听上一样。在中国的许多地方，饺子也是一道重要的 佳肴，因为饺子象征着财富和好运。
It’ s a tradition for Chinese to have the family reunion meal on the Spring Festival Eve, which is not only the most important dinner in a year but also the best opportunity for family reunion, esp. for those families whose members live in different places. The family reunion dinner consists of a great variety of dishes, some of which carry special meanings. For example, fish is indispensable as “fish” sounds tike “surplus” or “abundant” in Chinese. In many areas of China, dumpling is also an important dish for it symbolizes wealth and fortune.
篇3：12月英语四级答案
2012月英语四级答案
作文答案
第一套
Writing
Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Education. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
范文:
Changes in the way of education.
As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of education keeps changing and new forms of education emerge surprisingly. Especially during the pandemic of corona virus,online education has become one of the most important ways of education throughout the world.
The changes in the way of education can be listed as follows.First of all, compared with traditional offline teaching activities, online education gives students the opportunity to study wherever they want, at home or in the park.Moreover, the cost of attending online courses is normally.lower than that of offline ones. Besides, students can choose the perfect time when they are available to attend classes,instead of stubbornly fixing the time required without the possibility of doing any other important thing.
From my perspective, the changes in the way of education mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate students who live in the age of internet and can get access to online courses, I can'。t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.
第二套
Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of Transportation.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
范文:
Changes in the way of transportation
As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of transportation keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on transportation emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people’S lifestyle has been changed as well.
The changes in the way of transportation can be listed as follows. First of all, with the development of technology, the price of transportation is much cheaper than before. Moreover,compared with traditional ways of buying tickets, transportation applications and websites give passengers the opportunity to book tickets online without going outside to particular ticket offices. Besides, highspeed railways gradually replace the old-fashioned green trains, which can tremendously improve travelers' comfort during the journey and shorten the time spent on the way.
From my perspective, the changes in the way of transportation mainly lie in the good respects. As one of the fortunate passengers who live in the age of internet and can get access to online service of transportation, I can’t help exclaiming: it is the best of times.
第三套
Writing
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write on the topic Changes in the Way of communication.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.
范文:
Changes in the way of communication
As the internet is developing so rapidly, the way of communication keeps changing surprisingly. New applications on communication and new social skills emerge abundantly, contributing to the fact that people’s lifestyle has been changed substantially as well.
The changes in the way of communication can be listed as follows.First of all, people used to prefer talking to each other face to face.However, with social networking applications becoming increasingly popular, people are gradually used to communicating with others online. Moreover, making telephone calls, though expensive and inconvenient, was one of the most important ways to keep in touch with those far away. At present, with the popularization of social
networking apps, the cost of texting or calling friends and relatives is much cheaper than before. Besides, intermnet slang is more commonly used in people' s daily life.
From my perspective, we should not easily judge people' s ways of communication, whether they prefer face-to-face communication or they would like to contact people via virtual world, if only the efficiency of communication would not be affected adversely.
翻译答案
第一套：
春节前夕吃团圆饭是中国人的传统。团圆饭是一年中最重要的晚餐，也是家庭团聚的最佳时机，家人生活在不同地方的家庭尤其如此。团圆饭上的菜肴丰富多样，其中有些菜肴有特殊含义。例如，鱼是不可缺少的一道菜，因为汉语中的“鱼”字和“余”字听上一样。在中国的许多地方，饺子也是一道重要的佳肴，因为饺子象征着财富和好运。
It'sa tradition for Chinese to have the family reunion mealon the Spring Festival Eve， which is not only the mostimportant dinner in a year but also the best opportunityfor family reunion ，esp. for those families whose membersLive in different places . The family reunion dinner consistsof a great variety of dishes ， some of which carry specialmeanings .Forexample，fishis indispensable as“fish”soundslike“surplus”or“abundant”in Chinese .In manyareas of China ， dumpling is also an important dish for itsymbolizes wealth and fortune .
第二套：
鱼是春节前夕餐桌上不可或缺的一道菜，因为汉语中“鱼”字的发音与“余”字的发音相同。正由于这个象征性的意义，春节期间鱼也作为礼物送给亲戚朋友。鱼的象征意义据说源于中国传统文化。中国人有节省的传统，他们认为节省得愈多，就感到愈为安全。今天，尽管人们愈来愈富裕了，但他们仍然认为节省是一种值得弘扬的美德。
Fish is an indispensable dish for the Spring Festival Evedinner because“fish”soundslike“surplus”or“abundant”in Chinese .Itis for this reason that fish is give nasa giftto friends and relatives during the Spring Festival period .It is said that this symbolic meaning originated fromtraditional Chinese culture . The Chinese people have thetradition of thrift . They believe that the more the ysave，the safer the yfeel.Today， although people becomericher ， they still regard thrift as a praiseworthy virtue .
第三套：
生活在中国不同地区的人们饮食多种多样。北方人主要吃面食，南方人大多吃米饭。在沿海地区，海鲜和淡水水产品在人们饮食中占有相当大的比例，而在其他地区人们的饮食中，肉类和奶制品更为常见。四川、湖南等省份的居民普遍爱吃辛辣 食物，而江苏和浙江人更喜欢甜食。然而，因为烹饪方式各异，同类食物的味道可能会有所不同。
People who live in different areas of China have different kinds of food. Those in the north mainly prefer food made of flour while those in the south mostly eat rice. Along the coastal areas, sea food and fresh water products make up a considerable proportion of people’ s diet whereas in other places, meat and diary products are more common. The residents in Sichuan, Hunan and other provinces favour spicy food, but the citizens in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are fond of sweet food. However, owing to various cooking methods, the same food might taste different.
听力答案：暂无
仔细阅读部分：
第一套仔细阅读：
P1
46.C They did not become popular until the emergenceof improved batteries .
47.B Thefaling prices of e bike batteries .
48.D It will profit from e bike sharing
49.A Retailers 'refusaltodealinebikes.
50.D The younger generation’s pursuit of comfortable riding
P2
51.A Tosway public opinion of the impact of human成activities on Earth
52.C it covers more phenomena
53.D Deliberate choice of words o ass
54.B For greater precision .
55.C Human activities have serious effects on Earth
第二套仔细阅读：
P1
46 A Whentheydon't have the chance to do what they want
47 D Harmful conduct
48 B Many volunteers choose to hurt themselves ratherthan endure boredom
49 C Itmay promote creative thinking .
50 D Allow oneself sometime to bebored.
P2
51.B Forests are fast shrinking in many developingcountries .
52.C Those that used to have the lowest forest coverage .
53.A Thegovernment's advocacy
54.C Their capability of improving air quality
55. Developed and developing countries are moving in opposite directions
信息匹配
第一套
Section B
Poverty is a story about us,not them
36. [E] That comment, says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,“was meant to shame'”
37. [H] But the fact that 4 in 10 Americans can't come up with$400 in an emergency is a commonly cited statistic for good reason: economic instability strerches across race,gender,and geography.
38. [M]According to the General Social Survey, 71 percent of respondents believe the country is spending too little on “assistance to the poor. ”
39. [J] The Frame Works Institute,a research group that focuses on public framing of issues,has studied what sustainsstereotypes and narratives of poverty in the United Kingdom
40. [D] If these are the central characters of our story about poverty,what layers of perceptions,myths,and realities must we unearth to find meaningful solutions and support?
41.[F] How many of us are poor in the U.S.?
42. [N] “Poverty has been interchangeable with people of color - specifically black women and”black mothers, ”says.Atkinson of Mothering Justice.
43. [] Negative images remain of who is living in poverty as well as what is needed to move out of it.
44. [E] That comment,says Mothering Justice director Danielle Atkinson,“was meant to shame” .
45. [L] Those external factors include the difficulties accompanying low-wage work or structural discrimination based on race,gender,or ability.
篇4：12月英语四级阅读答案解析
12月英语四级阅读答案解析
【阅读】
选词填空
第一篇For manyAmericans, 2013 ended with an unusually bitter cold snap. LateNovember and December saw early snow and bone-chilling temperaturesin much of the country, part of a year when—for the first time intwo decades—record-cold days will likely turn out to haveoutnumbered record-warm ones. But the U.S. was the exception:November was the warmest ever globally, and the provisional dataindicates that 2013 is likely to have been the fourth-hottest yearon record.
Enjoy thesnow now, because chances are good that 2014 will be evenhotter—perhaps the hottest year since records have been kept.That’s because,scientists are predicting, 2014 will be an El Niño year.
El Niño,Spanish for “the child”, occurs when surface ocean waters in thesouthern Pacific become abnormally warm. So large is the Pacific,covering 30% of the planet’s surface, that the specific energygenerated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weatherchanges around the world. El Niño are associated with abnormallydry conditions in the Southeast Asia and Australia. They can leadto extreme rain in parts of North and South America, even assouthern Africa experiences dry weather. Marine life may beaffected too: El Niño the rising of the cold, nutrient-rich waterthat supports large fish populations, and the unusually warm oceantemperatures can destroy coral.
参考答案
36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November andDecember可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.
37. F. decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“for the first time in the two decades”,二十年来头一次。
38. H.globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是全球范围内最温暖的一个月。”
39. D.chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoythe snow now, “享受现在的雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。
40. J.occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs.
41. A.specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。
42. B. associated 空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，beassociated with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。
43. G.experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。
44. M.reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。
45. K. populations 空格与左边的large fish 共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。
仔细阅读
第一篇
Everybody sleeps—so goes theSesame Street song meant for obstinately awakechildren. That may be true, but what people stay up late tocatch—or wake up early in order not to miss—varies byculture.
Around the world, people changed sleep patterns thanks to the startor end of daylight savings time. Russians, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day after President VladimirPutin shifted the country permanently to “winter time”starting on October 26.
Russia’s other latenights and early mornings generally coincided with public holidays.One such spike was on New Year’s Eve, which Russians tend to ringin with unusual fervor, as well as on World War II Victory Day.According to another Jawbonefinding,Russians have the world's latest bedtime on December 31, hittingthe hay at around 3:30 a.m.
Russians also got upan hour later on International Women’s Day, the day for coddlingand celebrating female relatives.
Similarly, Americans’late nights, late mornings, and longest sleeps coincided withthree-day weekends.
Canada got the leastsleep of the year the night it beat Sweden in the Olympic hockeyfinal.
The World Cup wasalso a major sleep-deprivation culprit. The worst night for sleepin the U.K. was the night of the England-Italy match on June 14.Brits stayed up a half-hour later to watch it, and then they wokeup earlier than usual the next morning thanks to summer nights, thephenomenon in which the sun barely sets in northern countries inthe summertime. That was nothing, though, compared to Germans,Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hour and a halflater on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup.
It should be made clear that not everyone has a device to record their sleep patterns; in some of these nations, it’s likely that only the richest people do. And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person. Even if that’s the case, though, the above findings are still striking. If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing?
参考答案及解析
61题，定位到第一段最后一句“varies byculture”，所以答案选A——They areculture-related.
62题，由题干的大写名词Russian定位到第二段和第三段。第二段的“Russian, for example, began towake up about a half-hour later each day”这一句是干扰句，起得晚不一定睡得早，所以答案推不出“他们比其他地方的人睡得更久”。然后看到第三段“Russia’sother late nights and early mornings generally coincided withpublic holidays”，所以答案为C——They don’t sleep much onholidays。
63题，题干问的是欧洲人缺乏睡眠的major cause主要原因是什么，由题干的'大写名词Europeans’loss定位到倒数第二段的“comparedto Germans, Italians, and the French, who stayed up around an hourand a half later on various days throughout the summer to watch theCup”，原文的Germans, Italians, and theFrench就是题干中“Europeans”的同义改写，而他们stayed up就是为了to watch theCup，所以说他们缺乏睡眠的原因便是C选项——The World Cup。
64题，问的是富有的人使用设备来记录他们的睡眠模式的原因。由rich people以及device定位到最后一段第一句，定位句只说到了记录的事实，而非其原因。按照四级阅读金三句原则看到定位句的下一句“And people who elect to track their sleep may try to get more sleep than the average person”，记录睡眠的人是想要得到比普通人更多的睡眠，所以答案是B——Theywant to get sufficient sleep.
65题，问的是作者在最后一段所表达的观点，定位到最后一句If the most healthconscious among us have such deep swings in our shuteye levels throughout the year, how much sleep are the rest of us losing? 作者提到了health-conscious，人们对健康的意识是缺乏的，对健康是视而不见的，所以答案选B——Fewpeople really know the importance of sleep.
篇5：12月英语四级《词汇理解》答案
2012月英语四级《词汇理解》答案
考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。
选词填空
参考答案
36. N. saw 第一空显然缺少谓语，优先考虑动词，结合语义并根据Late November and December可以推出应选择过去式动词，故答案锁定saw.
37. F. decades 根据two，首选复数名词，结合语义，“ for the first time in the two decades”, 二十年来头一次。
38. H. globally 句子为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以首选副词和形容词，根据语义，ever表示“一直以来地、向来地”，“十一月向来是全球范围内最温暖的一个月。”
39. D. chances 缺少主语，并且谓语是are，所以首选复数形式的名词，结合前文Enjoy the snow now, “享受现在的'雪吧”，因为“时机是好的”。
40. J. occurs 空格前方有主语，且是单数形式，而后面由when引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般现在时，所以主句谓语锁定第三人称单数形式的动词，只能选择occurs.
41. A. specific空格左为定冠词the，空格右为名词，中间只能选形容词，选择“特定的”符合语义。
42. B. associated 空格左为be动词，右边为介词with，中间只能是形容词或动词的过去分词形式，be associated with表示“与…有联系”，符合原意。
43. G. experiences 空格左为主语southern Africa，空格内应该为动词的第三人称单词形式，结合语义，选G，“南非经历着干燥的天气。
44. M. reduce 空格左为情态动词，空格内必须为动词原形，填reduce“减少”符合原题。
45. K. populations 空格与左边的large fish 共同构成动词support的宾语，只能选一个名词来作为名词词组，故选K，“大量的鱼群”。
篇6：12月四级A卷试题及答案
Passage Two
Question 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
In communities north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain School District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. “We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent said. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. ”
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent(有偿还能力的). They feel really good about the parent support, but they realize it’s impossible for them to solve this problem.
The 22,000-student district discovered the shortage last month. “It’s extraordinary. Nobody would have imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman.
Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state emergency plan freeing up a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll(工资单) to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.
District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts in its 38 schools.
At Coffman’s request, the District Attorney has begun investigating the district’s finances. Coffman says he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortage until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
In Frederick, students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.
Some $36,000 have been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver education cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the schools, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(论坛). “Rumors about what’s happening to the district are moving at lighting speed,” said a student. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
原文出处
Community bailing out broke school district
Parents are offering to help pay grocery and utility bills. Businesses are donating cash and a group of students run an informational Web site.
In communities just north of Denver, residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the St. Vrain Valley School District grapples with a $13.8 million budget shortfall blamed on mismanagement.
“We#39;re worried about our teachers and our principals, and we really don#39;t want to lose them because of this,” parent Merrill Bohanning, 44, said. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will.”
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent.
“Teachers feel really good about the parent support,” said Jeannie Beyer, spokeswoman for the St. Vrain Valley Education Association. “But they realize it#39;s not going to be possible for them to solve this problem.”
The 22,000-student district in parts of Weld, Boulder and Larimer counties discovered the shortfall last month. The finance director resigned and an assistant superintendent has been suspended. District officials said an independent audit showed the two mismanaged the budget but did not commit fraud.
“It#39;s extraordinary. Nobody would have ever imagined something happening like this at this level,” said State Treasurer Mike Coffman. “I think the state needs to learn from this.”
It takes a village
Coffman and district officials last week agreed on a state bailout plan freeing up a $9.8 million loan that enabled the payroll to be met for 2,700 teachers and staff in time for the holidays.
The plan calls for all district employees to take a 7.1 percent pay cut beginning January 1 and a hiring freeze through June 2004. Administrators who used to pay $1 a month for family health insurance now will pay $1 for themselves and the regular premium for the rest of their families.
District officials also took $1.7 million from student-activity accounts in its 38 schools.
At Coffman#39;s request, the Boulder District Attorney has begun investigating the district#39;s finances. Coffman has said he wants to know whether district officials hid the budget shortfall until after the November election, when voters approved a $212 million bond issue for schools.
In Frederick about 30 miles northeast of Denver, Bohanning and other parents of students at Prairie Ridge Elementary School are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utility bills to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.
Some $36,000 have been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership chipped in $10,000 and forgave the district#39;s $10,750 bill for renting the driver education cars. IBM chipped in 4,500 reams of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive officer, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the schools, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Silver Creek Middle-Senior High School, three juniors started a Web site called www.poorschool.com that displays newspaper articles, district information and an e-mail forum.
“Rumors about what is happening to the district are moving at lightning speed,” site co-creator Mitch Lubbers, 17, said. “We wanted to know the truth, and spread that around instead.”
26. What has happened to the Vrain School District?
{A) A huge financial problem has arisen.}
B) Many schools there are mismanaged.
C) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.
D) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.
27. How did the residents in the Vrain School District respond to the budget shortage?
A) They felt somewhat helpless about it.
B) They accused those responsible for it.
{C) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.}
D) They demanded a thorough investigation.
28. In the view of State Treasurer Mike Coffman, the educational budget shortage is _________.
A) unavoidable
{B) unthinkable }
C) insolvable
D) irreversible
29. Why did Coffman request an investigation?
{A) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.}
B) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.
C) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.
D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bond issue.
30. Three high school students started a website in order to __________.
A) attract greater public attention to their needs
B) appeal to the public for contributions and donations
C) expose officials who neglected their duties
{D) keep people properly informed of the crisis}
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s no question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
Stress that you can manage may also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren’t in control: They had to sit through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that#39;s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity(长寿), “It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
原文出处
Healing Power of Stress
Some of those crazy, time-crunched days at the office may actually be good for you
“Man SHOULD NOT try to avoid stress than he would shun food, love or exercise,“ said Dr. HansSelye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While there#39;s no question that prolonged stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you.
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they couldn’t get the job done.
Stress that you can manage may also boost immune function. In a study at the Academic Centre for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects believed they had control over the outcome. In the second, they weren#39;t in control: They had to sit through a gory video on surgical procedures. Those who did go on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that#39;s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce adrenaline and the stress hormonecortisol. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. ”Cortisol and adrenaline enhances how nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,“ says Bruce McEwen, head of the laboratory of neuron endocrinology at Rockefeller University. But over the long term these hormones can have a corrosive effect on the body and brain.
”Sustained stress is not good for you,“ says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University studying the effects of stress on longevity. ”It#39;s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to environmental or physiological stress that could be protective.“
31. The passage is mainly about ______
{A) the benefits of manageable stress}
B) how to avoid stressful situations
C) how to cope with stress effectively
D) the effects of stress hormones on memory
32. The word “shun” (Line 1, Para.1) most probably means________.
A) cut down on
{B) stay away from}
C) run out of
D) put up with
33. We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that _______
A) people under stress tend to have a poor memory
B) people who can’t get their job done experience more stress
{C) doing challenging work may be good for one’s health}
D) stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs
34. In the experiment described in Paragraph 3, the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because ______.
A) the video was not enjoyable at all
{B) the outcome was beyond their control }
C) they knew little about surgical procedures
D) they felt no pressure while watching the video
35. Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that ______.
A) a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body
B) stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain
{C) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory function}
D) a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.
But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition(痛悔), children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
36. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ________.
A) she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized.
B) she does not realize that the child has been hurt
C) the child may find the apology easier to accept
{D) the child may feel that he owes her an apology}
37. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”.
A) You have good reason to get upset
{B) I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame}
C) I apologize for hurting your feelings
D) I’m at fault for making you upset
38. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because ______.
A) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
B) it may make the other person feel guilty
{C) it is vague and ineffective}
D) it is hurtful and insulting
39. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry ______.
A) the complexities involved should be ignored
{B) their ages should be taken into account}
C) parents need to set them a good example
D) parents should be patient and tolerant
40. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _________.
A) a social issue calling for immediate attention
B) not necessary among family members
C) a sign of social progress
{D) not as simple as it seems }
Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. Some people believe that since oil is scarce, the ____ of the motor industry is uncertain.
A) terminal B) benefit{C) fate }D) estimate
42. To speed up the ______ of letters, the Post Office introduced automatic sorting.
A) treatment{ B) delivery}C) transmission D) departure
43. These overseas students show great ______ for learning a new language.
{A) enthusiasm }B) authority C) convention D) faith
44. The defense lawyer was questioning the old man who was one of the ______ of the murder committed last month.
A) observers{B) witnesses}C) audiences D) viewers
45. Politically these nations tend to be ______, with very high birth rates but poor education and very low levels of literacy.
{A) unstable}B) reluctant C) rational D) unsteady
46. The chairman was blamed for letting his secretary ________too much work last week.
A) take to B) take out C) take away{D) take on}
47. “You try to get some sleep. I’ll _____the patient’s breakfast,” said the nurse.
{A) see to }B) stick to C) get to D) lead to
48. The London Marathon is a difficult race. _______, thousands of runners participate every year.
A) Therefore B) Furthermore C) Accordingly{D) Nevertheless}
49. The bank refused to ______ him any money, so he had to postpone buying a house.
A) credit B) borrow{C) loan }D) lease
50. The more a nation’s companies _______ factories abroad, the smaller that country’s recorded exports will be.
A) lie B) spot C) stand{D) locate}
51. Being ignorant of the law is not accepted as an ______ for breaking the law.
{A) excuse}B) intention C) option D) approval
52. Within two days, the army fired more than two hundred rockets and missiles at military _____ in the coastal city.
A) goals B) aims{ C) targets}D) destinations
53. It is said in some parts of the world, goats, rather than cows, serve as a vital _____of milk.
A) storage B) reserve C) resource{ D) source}
54. “This light is too______ for me to read by. Don’t we have a brighter bulb some where”, said the elderly man.
A) mild{B} dim}C) minute D) slight
55. We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday, but we can be _______ and go another day.
A) reliable B) probable C) feasible{ D) flexible}
56. We are quite sure that we can ______our present difficulties and finish the task according to schedule.
A) get across{B) get over}C) get away D) get off
57. ______ recent developments we do not think your scheme is practical.
{A) In view of} B) In case of C) In memory of D) In favor of
58. Jessica was ______ from the warehouse to the accounting office, which was considered a promotion.
A) delivered B) exchanged{C) transferred}D) transformed
59. Mr. Smith asked his secretary to ______ a new paragraph in the annual report she was typing.
A) inject B) install C) invade{D) insert}
60. There’s the living room still to be _____, so that#39;s my next project.
A) abandoned{B) decorated }C) dissolved D) assessed
61. The old paper mill has been ______ to make way for a new shopping centre.
A) cut down B) kept down{C) torn down }D) held down
62. It may be necessary to stop ______ in the learning process and go back to the difficult points in the lessons.
A) at a distanceB) at intervalsC) at case D) at length
63. You can hire a bicycle in many places. Usually you’ll have to pay a _________.
A) fare B) fund{C) deposit }D) deal
64. My grandfather had always taken a _______ interest in my work, and I had an equal admiration for the stories of his time.
A) splendid B) weighty C) vague{D) keen}
65. ________ quantities of water are being used nowadays with the rapid development of industry and agriculture.
{A) Excessive}B) Extensive C) Extreme D) Exclusive
66. John cannot afford to go to university, _______ going abroad.
A) nothing but B) anything but{C) not to speak of}D) nothing to speak of
67. Most laboratory and field studies of human behavior ______ taking a situational photograph at a given time and in a given place.
{A) involve}B) compose C) enclose D) attach
68. If you don’t like to swim, you _____ as well stay at home.
A) should{ B) may}C) can D) would
69. Dr. Smith was always ______ the poor and the sick, often providing them with free medical care.
A) reminded of B) absorbed in C) tended by{D) concerned about}
70. Thomas Jefferson and John Adams died on July 4, 1826, the fiftieth ______ of American Independence.
A) ceremony B) occasion C) occurrence{D) anniversary}
Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked [A] ,[B] ,[C] and [D] on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
As a physician who travels quite a lot, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded “Is there a doctor on board?” announcement. I’ve been 71 only once ― for a woman who had merely fainted. But the 72 made me quite curious about how 73 this kind of thing happens I wondered what I would do if 74 with a real midair medical emergency ― without access 75 a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So 76 the New England Journal of Medicine last week 77 a study about in-flight medical events, I read it 78 interest.
The study estimated that there are a(n) 79 of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on U.S. flights every day. Most of them are not 80; fainting and dizziness are the most frequent complaints. 81 13% of them ― roughly four a day ― are serious enough to 82 a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies 83 heart trouble, strokes, and difficulty breathing.
Let’s face it: plane rides are 84. For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly 85 they would be if you lived at 5,000 to 8,000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty 86, but passengers with heart disease 87 experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. 88 common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis ― the so-called economy class syndrome (综合症). 89 happens, don’t panic. Things are getting better on the in-flight-emergency front. Thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at 90 one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits to treat heart attacks.
完形文章的出处：
Is There a Doctor Onboard?
As a physician who travels quite a bit, I spend a lot of time on planes listening for that dreaded ” Is there a doctor onboard?“ announcement. I#39;ve been called only once--for a woman who had merely fainted. But the incident made me curious about how often this kind of thing happens. I wondered what I would do if confronted with a real midair medical emergency--without access to a hospital staff and the usual emergency equipment. So when the New England Journal of Medicine last week published a study about in-flight medical events, I read it with interest.
The study estimated that there are an average of 30 in-flight medical emergencies on US flights every day. Most of them are not grave; fainting, dizziness and hyperventilation are the most frequent complaints. But 13% of them―roughly four a day--are serious enough to require a pilot to change course. The most common of the serious emergencies include heart trouble (46%), strokes and other neurological problems (18%), and difficulty breathing (6%).
Let#39;s face it: plane rides are stressful. For starters, cabin pressures at high altitudes are set at roughly what they would be if you lived at 5000 to 8000 feet above sea level. Most people can tolerate these pressures pretty easily, But passengers with heart disease may experience chest pains as a result of the reduced amount of oxygen flowing through their blood. Low pressure can also cause the air in body cavities to expand -- as much as 30%. Again, most people won’t notice anything beyond mild stomach cramping. But if you#39;ve recently had an operation, your wound could open and if a medical device has been implanted in your body--a splint, a tracheotomy tube or a catheter--it could expand and cause injury. Another common in-flight problem is deep venous thrombosis--the so-called economy-class syndrome. when you sit too long in a cramped position, the blood in your legs tends to clot. Most people just get sore calves. But blood clots, left untreated, could travel to the lungs, causing breathing difficulties and even death. Such clots are readily prevented by keeping blood flowing; walk and stretch your legs when possible. Whatever you do, don’t panic. things are looking up on the in-flight-emergency front. Doctors who come to passengers#39; aid used to worry about getting sued; their fears have lifted somewhat since the 1998 Aviation medical Assistance Act gave them ”good Samaritan“ protection. and thanks to more recent legislation, flights with at least one attendant are starting to install emergency medical kits with automated defibrillators to treat heart attacks. are you still wondering if you are healthy enough to fly? if you can walk 150 ft. or climb a flight of stairs without getting winded, you#39;ll probably do just fine. Having a Doctor close by doesn’t hurt, either.
71{A) called }C) Informed
B) addressed D) surveyed
72 A) Accident{C) incident}
B) condition D) disaster
73 A) soon C) many
B) long{D} often}
74{A) confronted }C) identified
B) treated D) provided
75 A) for C) by
{B} to}D) through
76 A) before{ C) when}
B) since D) while
77 A) collected C) discovered
B) conducted{D} published}
78 A) by{C) with}
B) of D) in
79 A) amount C) sum
{B) average}D) number
80 A) significant C) common
B) heavy{ D} serious}
81 A) For{C) But}
B) On D) So
82{A) require}C) engage
B) inspire D) command
83{A) include }C) imply
B) confine D) contain
84 A) enjoyable C) tedious
B) stimulating{D) stressful}
85 A) who C) which
{B} what }D) that
86 A) harshly{C) easily}
B) reluctantly D) casually
87 A) ought to C) used to
{B) may}D) need
88 A) Any C) Other
B) One{D} Another}
89{A) Whatever}C) Whenever
C) Whichever D) Wherever
90 A) most{ C) least}
B) worst D) best
Part V. Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below:
1.名校校园正成为旅游新热点
2.校园是否应对游客开放，人们看法不同
3.我认为……
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
There is a heated debate over whether the university campus should be open to tourists, as more and more people list famous universities as tourist attractions. It is commonly accepted that university campus should embrace tourists from across the country. In contrast, others think that the university campus should be closed to tourists.
Those who hold the first opinion suggest that the university is mainly funded by the state and the taxpayers have the right to look around the university. In their view, the tourists, both parents and prospective students, can enjoy the beautiful scenery as well as the academic, cultural and historical atmosphere during their visits. However, others think the interests of the university and its students should be taken into account. They argue that too many tourists will add a burden to the security department of the university and destroy the quiet environment for the student to study effectively.
Considering one after another, I stand on the side of the former idea. First of all, a university should be an open place and instill the spirit of openness in its students. Furthermore, in our country, it is the people who pay the tax and support the university. Thirdly, the university should improve itself to meet the increasing demands. Therefore, the university campus should welcome all tourists.
篇7：12月四级A卷试题及答案
Part II Reading comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker, Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. “Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in America, owned by PepsiCo, and accounts for over half of the parent company’s $3 billion annual profits. But the U.S. snack food market is largely saturated, and to grow, the company has to look overseas.
Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first, a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. “Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones that consumers ― especially young people ― see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的) world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention, but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey, the company’s research and development head, would hope they associate the brand with the new world of global communications and business.
With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo(标识). The logo, along with the company’s long-held marketing image of the “irresistibility” of its chips, would help facilitate the company’s global expansion.
The executives acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.
原文出处：
FritoLay: Using Potato Chips to Spread the Spirit of Free Enterprise
Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect ”saddle curl,“ the Lay#39;s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination.
But its maker, Texas-based Frito-Lay, thinks otherwise. ”Potato chips are a snack for the world,“ said Salman Amin, the company#39;s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world, no race or tribe, that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
The Chinese might have their nyen gao ping, made from rice flour, and the Indians their lentil-and-chickpea namkeens, but Frito-Lay believes they would rather be eating potato chips. The company#39;s research has shown that when given a choice between their local snack and a Frito-Lay chip, consumers in most countries will choose the chip.
Putting its findings into practice, Frito-Lay has expanded on all five continents by buying up local snack makers or defeating them with its marketing expertise and sheer size.
”Never have we introduced Lay#39;s potato chips and had it not be successful,“ said Dwight Riskey, the research and development head who devised Frito-Lay#39;s global strategy five years ago. ”It#39;s been successful every single place we#39;ve introduced it.“
Thinking Globally, Acting Globally
Frito-Lay, which also produces Doritos and Chee-tos, is the biggest snack maker in the United States, with 55 percent of the potato chip market. It is owned by PepsiCo, and accounts for more than half of the parent company#39;s $3 billion profits every year. But the U.S. snack market is largely saturated, and in order to grow ― the key to remaining successful ― the company had to look overseas.
Riskey#39;s strategy rests on two beliefs: first, that a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete, and second that consumers in the 21st century are drawn to ”global“ as a concept. By ”global,“ Riskey does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, like Coca-Cola and Nike, but ones that consumers ― especially young people ― see as part of a modern, innovative world in which people are linked across cultures by shared beliefs and tastes. Potato chips are an American invention ― created by a chef in Saratoga Springs, N.Y. in 1853 ― but most Chinese, for instance, do not know that Frito-Lay is an American company. Instead, Riskey would hope they associate the brand with the brave new world of global communications and business.
With brand perception a crucial factor, Riskey ordered a redesign of the Frito-Lay logo, eventually settling on a red logo with a banner suggesting ”celebration“ and a sun denoting ”universality.“ The logo, along with the company#39;s long-held marketing image of the ”irresistibility“ of its chips, would underpin the company#39;s global expansion.
Taking Aim at the Local Snack
Frito-Lay honed a strategy for moving into new countries where a local snack industry is already established. Rather than face the costs of building a new business in an unfamiliar market, the company identifies the leading local snack manufacturer and offers to buy it out. If the local manufacturer refuses to sell, Frito-Lay moves into the market on its own, using its size and marketing experience to cut into the local manufacturer#39;s sales. Often, at that point, the local company gives in and sells, sometimes for a lower price than the original offer.
If the preferred local snack is already a potato chip, Frito-Lay rebrands it. After buying Walkers, the dominant chip in Britain, the Texas company refashioned the Walkers logo into the red ”banner sun“ design, as a first step toward changing the brand to Frito-Lay outright. Similar plans are under way for Sabritas in Mexico and Simba in South Africa. ”We just say, #39;You know that stuff you love? Well, now it#39;s going to be called Lay#39;s,#39;“ said Riskey.
If the locals are used to eating something other than potato chips, Frito-Lay devises ”differentiated products“ that bridge the way to the chip. For the Indian market, the company created Kurkure Twisteez, a potato snack that comes in local flavors like Masala Munch.
Sometimes Frito-Lay#39;s products are so unfamiliar that the advertising campaigns focus on educating consumers in the hope of changing their ”consumption habits.“ In China, Frito-Lay ads show potatoes actually being sliced, so people know where the chips come from. In Turkey, the company distributed pamphlets suggesting new recipes and eating habits: ”Try a tuna sandwich for lunch, and join it with a bag of chips.“
Looking for #39;New Occasions#39;
Like other multinational companies, Frito-Lay has learned that the best managers are often locals who know the market and culture well. Although they must follow certain global standards ― such as the company#39;s long-held marketing theme of ”irresistibility“ ― regional managers are encouraged to look for for new ”occasions“ to increase sales in their specific areas.
In Holland, where the Dutch tend to eat potato chips only at night, as an after-dinner snack, manager Eugene Willemsen focused his efforts on changing their habits by distributing free samples on the streets during the day. He also targeted high schools, knowing that children were driving Frito-Lay#39;s growth in Holland. ”For us, the biggest opportunity for growth is to penetrate new occasions with salty snacks,“ Willemsen said.
In South Africa, national sales manager Arnold Selokane boosted sales in native townships by hiring local drivers to make deliveries, making the product seem less foreign. In China, sales director Jackson Chiu raised sales by 57 percent in one year, in part by focusing on girls and young women. ”We market to girls and the boys follow,“ he said.
The company encourages such initiative by flying promising managers to the Frito-Lay headquarters in Plano, Texas, or the PepsiCo campus in Purchase, N.Y., for intensive courses on marketing and business development. Selokane and Chiu were among 200 PepsiCo employees honored at the company#39;s annual ”Ring of Honor“ ceremony in 2001. With honorees from 50 countries, speaking 30 different languages, the four-day program resembled the United Nations#39; General Assembly, complete with headsets and banks of translators.
Not Just Potato Chips
The executives behind Frito-Lay#39;s global expansion acknowledge that they try to swing national eating habits to a food that was created in America, but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rather, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. ”We#39;re making products in those countries, we#39;re adapting it to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,“ said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo#39;s chief executive.
Frank Wong, who runs Frito-Lay#39;s operations in China, believes that by training Chinese managers the company is helping build up an educated middle class that will play a major role in the country#39;s economic transformation. ”We bring a lot to China, a lot more than just the brand called Lay#39;s,“ he said.
21. It is the belief of Frito-Lay’s head of global marketing that _____.
A) potato chips can hardly be used as a weapon to dominate the world market
B) their company must find new ways to promote domestic sales
C) the light golden color enhances the charm of their company’s potato chips
{D) people all over the world enjoy eating their company’s potato chips}
22. What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?
A) Its products used to be popular among overseas consumers.
B) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.
C) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.
{D) It needs to turn to the world market for development.}
23. One of the assumptions on which Frito-Lay bases its development strategy is that _____.
{A) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands}
B) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands
C) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profits
D) products identified as American will have promising market value
24. Why did Riskey have the Frito-Lay logo redesigned?
A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.
{B) To promote the company’s strategy of globalization. }
C) To change the company’s long-held marketing image.
D) To compete with other American chip producers.
25. Frito-Lay’s executives claim that the promoting of American food in the international market _____.
A) won’t affect the eating habits of the local people
B) will lead to economic imperialism
{C) will be in the interest of the local people}
D) won’t spoil the taste of their chips
篇8：12月四级听力原文第一版及答案
12月四级听力原文第一版及答案
Part 1 短对话
Question 1
- M： Do you remember the wonderful film on space exploration we watched together last month?
- W： Sure， It’s actually the most impressive one I’ve seen on that topic。
Q：What do we learn about the speakers?
Question 2
- W： Are you looking for anything in particular?
- M： Yes。 My son is graduating from high school， and I want to get him something special。
Q：Where does the conversation most probably take place?
Question 3
- M： Mike told me yesterday that he had been looking in vain for a job in the art gallery。
- W： Really? If I remember right， he had a chance to work there， but he turned it down。
Q：What does the woman say about Mike?
Question 4
- W： Would you like to come to Susan’s birthday party tomorrow evening?
- M： I’m going to give a lecture tomorrow。 I wish I could be in two places at the same time。
Q：What does the man mean?
Question 5
- W： Aren’t you discouraged by the slow progress your staff is making?
- M： Yes，
I think I will give them a deadline and hold them to it。
Q：What is the man probably going to do?
Question 6
- W： Excuse me。 Could you tell me where the visitors’ parking is? I left my car there。
- M： Sure。 It’s in Lot C。 Over that way。
Q：What does the woman want to know?
Question 7
- W： You look great! Now that you’ve taken those fitness classes。
- M： Thanks。 I’ve never felt better in my life。
Q：What does the man mean?
Question 8
- W： I really admire the efficiency of your secretaries。
- M： Our company selects only the best。 They have a heave workload and we give them a lot of responsibilities。
Q：What are the speakers talking about?
Part 2 长对话
Conversion 1
W： Hi Leo， why do you say English would become the world language?
M： Well。 For one thing， it’s so commonly used， the only language that is used by more people is Chinese。
W： Why is English spoken by so many people?
M： It’s spoken in many countries of the world because of the British empire。 And now of course is the influence of America as well。
★ 四级英语答案
12月四级答案（共8篇）
