【导语】“qtanand77”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了7篇雅思写作低分原因解析,下面小编给大家整理后的雅思写作低分原因解析,希望大家喜欢!
- 目录
篇1:雅思写作低分原因解析
第一个原因,也是很多同学常犯的错误——不重视雅思小作文备考。为什么会出现这样的情况?主要原因有两点:一,自以为雅思小作文很容易,不用备考;二,认为雅思小作文所占分值低,不值得花时间备考。其实雅思小作文难度并不低,尤其是对于一些刚接触雅思考试的同学来说,小作文的写作形式比较新颖,文章虽然短小,但却要会分析图表内容,会正确表达,所以自认为简单不用备考,到了考场上肯定要吃亏。雅思写作分值比重小作文占比三分之一,大作文占比三分之二,总的来看小作文所占比重确实要远低于大作文,但是分值虽然低却也不能忽略小作文备考的重要性。如果我们平时不注重练习,到了考场无法在20分钟内完成小作文,势必会影响大作文的写作时间和质量,另外,小作文虽然分值低却也占据了三分之一,如果忽略了备考拿不到高分,对于雅思写作总成绩影响也很大。
雅思写作低分原因二 错用词汇导致表达不清
雅思写作用一些高端词汇能提升文章的质量,词汇的多样化使用也会为文章增色不少,但是这些都要建立在能够正确使用词汇的前提之下,如果大家对词汇用法还没掌握,就胡乱运用到作文中,不仅会导致文章表达不清,还会直接导致作文低分。建议大家在考试中使用熟练掌握用法的词汇,想要提升文章词汇多样性,建议在平时多积累写作词汇并背记用法。
雅思写作低分原因三 套用万能模板
有的同学因为备考时间不够,急急忙忙地在网上搜万能模板套用,背会以后在考试中直接套用;有的同学是觉得自己写作水平不行,不如直接套用模板写出来的作文质量更高,所以在考试中选择直接套用找来的模板……虽然套用模板写作非常轻松,但想要拿到高分也很困难。一般情况下,在雅思写作考试中直接套用模板的同学很难拿到6分以上的写作成绩,所以小站君建议大家,平时注意提升写作能力,尽量避免在考试中套用模板。
雅思写作低分原因四 写完不检查拼写错误太多
同学们在备考雅思写作的时候有没有养成写完检查的好习惯?其实有很多同学雅思写作低分原因就是因为单词拼写错误太多,而这就是源于没有养成写完检查的好习惯。雅思写作考试一个小时,大家要把写作时间控制在55-57分钟之间,留出3-5分钟检查两篇做作文的拼写错误,这样可以避免因拼写错误太多而扣分。
其实雅思写作低分原因除了上文中列举的四个之外还有很多,比如审题不清,写作太慢等等,上文中四个低分原因是相对来说更需要大家注意的,建议大家在雅思写作备考中养成好习惯,重视小作文备考,掌握词汇正确用法,不要套用万能模板,写完养成及时检查的好习惯。
篇2:雅思写作低分原因解析
Write about the following topic:
Many newspapers and magazines feature stories about the private lives of famous people. We know what they eat, where they buy their clothes and who they love. We also often see pictures of them in private situations.
Is it appropriate for a magazine or newspaper to give this kind of private information about people?
Model Answer:
Generally, people read newspapers to find out about world current affairs and they read magazines to be entertained. Therefore, one would expect to find articles that feature the private lives of famous people in magazines rather than newspapers. However, nowadays, more and more newspapers include stories like these which are neither informative nor useful.
In my opinion, this type of gossip about people's private lives should not be in newspapers for several reasons. Firstly, for example, the fact that Princess Diana is going out with a sportsman is not important news. Secondly, if newspapers want to publish articles about famous people they should focus on their public events and achievements. In other words, if there is an article about Princess Diana it should be about her works of charity, which will increase public awareness of important problems. In addition, journalists should make sure that they write about the facts only, not rumours. One should be able to rely on newspapers for the actual truth.
Magazines, on the other hand, focus on social news. But I feel it is more acceptable for them to contain some features about famous personalities. In addition to being popular reading, these stories often benefit the stars by giving free publicity to them, thereby helping their careers. However, I also believe that magazine stories should not mention things that are too embarrassing or untrue just to attract people to buy the magazine. Sensational stories, such as these, cause great unhappiness to the people concerned.
In conclusion, I think newspapers should concentrate on real news but magazines can feature some articles on people's private lives.
雅思写作
篇3:雅思写作低分原因解析
Many people believe that television programs are of no value for children.
Do you agree? Why or why not?
Model Answer:
Televisual media has become a pervasive force in the lives of families around the world today. Yet, a central question remains regarding whether watching television is harmful or beneficial for children. An analysis of this question reveals that television programs present three major concerns in the case of children, including depictions of violence, the use of profane language, and the representation of poor moral role models.
Television programs that portray violence are a paramount concern for parents nowadays. Recent research has shown that children may commit acts of violence because they wish to emulate the behavior that they see on television. This is especially true when violent acts are committed by well-known action “heroes.” In addition, television programs show cartoon figures, as well as actors, committing violent acts. Using comic situations to depict violent themes causes further problems with the way in which young people view violence.
Television programs that contain profane or disrespectful language also worry parents with young children. Because censorship laws have relaxed over the past few decades, it has become very common for television programs of each and every kind to show characters expressing impolite, rude, and insulting utterances to one another. Bearing resemblance to the case of portrayals of violence, children unfortunately often try to imitate these actions they watch on their television screens.
Finally, some parents are upset about the moral behavior depicted on television. As they struggle to teach their children moral and ethical values, parents might despair about the lack of morals and ethics represented in some of the so-called role models on television. For instance, certain characters not only have no remorse for their immoral actions, but also frequently go unpunished by larger society.
Because of these factors, many parents believe that television programs send their youth the wrong kinds of messages. The emulation of this poor behavior by their children is something they wish to avoid at all costs, and they have accordingly decided to ban television in their households for these reasons.
篇4:雅思写作低分原因分析
第一个原因,也是很多同学常犯的错误——不重视雅思小作文备考。为什么会出现这样的情况?主要原因有两点:一,自以为雅思小作文很容易,不用备考;二,认为雅思小作文所占分值低,不值得花时间备考。其实雅思小作文难度并不低,尤其是对于一些刚接触雅思考试的同学来说,小作文的写作形式比较新颖,文章虽然短小,但却要会分析图表内容,会正确表达,所以自认为简单不用备考,到了考场上肯定要吃亏。雅思写作分值比重小作文占比三分之一,大作文占比三分之二,总的来看小作文所占比重确实要远低于大作文,但是分值虽然低却也不能忽略小作文备考的重要性。如果我们平时不注重练习,到了考场无法在20分钟内完成小作文,势必会影响大作文的写作时间和质量,另外,小作文虽然分值低却也占据了三分之一,如果忽略了备考拿不到高分,对于雅思写作总成绩影响也很大。
雅思写作低分原因二 错用词汇导致表达不清
雅思写作用一些高端词汇能提升文章的质量,词汇的多样化使用也会为文章增色不少,但是这些都要建立在能够正确使用词汇的前提之下,如果大家对词汇用法还没掌握,就胡乱运用到作文中,不仅会导致文章表达不清,还会直接导致作文低分。建议大家在考试中使用熟练掌握用法的词汇,想要提升文章词汇多样性,建议在平时多积累写作词汇并背记用法。
雅思写作低分原因三 套用万能模板
有的同学因为备考时间不够,急急忙忙地在网上搜万能模板套用,背会以后在考试中直接套用;有的同学是觉得自己写作水平不行,不如直接套用模板写出来的作文质量更高,所以在考试中选择直接套用找来的模板……虽然套用模板写作非常轻松,但想要拿到高分也很困难。一般情况下,在雅思写作考试中直接套用模板的同学很难拿到6分以上的写作成绩,所以小站君建议大家,平时注意提升写作能力,尽量避免在考试中套用模板。
雅思写作低分原因四 写完不检查拼写错误太多
同学们在备考雅思写作的时候有没有养成写完检查的好习惯?其实有很多同学雅思写作低分原因就是因为单词拼写错误太多,而这就是源于没有养成写完检查的好习惯。雅思写作考试一个小时,大家要把写作时间控制在55-57分钟之间,留出3-5分钟检查两篇做作文的拼写错误,这样可以避免因拼写错误太多而扣分。
其实雅思写作低分原因除了上文中列举的四个之外还有很多,比如审题不清,写作太慢等等,上文中四个低分原因是相对来说更需要大家注意的,建议大家在雅思写作备考中养成好习惯,重视小作文备考,掌握词汇正确用法,不要套用万能模板,写完养成及时检查的好习惯。
雅思小作文写作中趋势图的写作结构
雅思小作文写作中趋势图的写作结构为你带来在雅思A类的小作文当中,一种最为常见的图表——趋势图,也就是我们所说的曲线图的写作结构和审题的注意点。曲线图是图表当中用来表示数据变化的最常用的图表。对于这种以数据变化为描写点的图表,我们应该怎样在作文中将数据的变化清楚地表达出来呢?请看下文。
雅思图表作文通常涉及几种题型,即曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、文字图表以及流程图。在这几种题型中,以曲线图考的频率为最高。加之曲线图可以理解为任何其他一种图形的原型,对于曲线图写作的把握对于考生来说尤为重要。曲线图式主要以横轴、纵轴为主要指标(一般横轴表示时间,纵轴表示数值),以曲线的形式来表达图中所描述对象(一般不止一个)在不同的时间所对应指标的变化。
描写图表信息中,第一个步骤是审题。审题过程中,重要的是要看清楚题目要求我们所描写的主题对象是什么,即subject,描述的时间范围(对应文章时态的选择)以及描述的信息单位,即time and unit。这些信息的捕捉的正确与否直接影响到文章是否切题。在审题结束,开始写作时所要遵循的基本原则是根据曲线数量来决定段落数量。
主体段落描述过程中要注意几个方面:
一、是否有具体数值的描述。小作文所要达到的最终目的应为读文章的人看完文章后可以了解大致图形的概况,所以如果没了具体的数值,描述也就失去了意义。另外,描述数值不可忽视数值的单位。
二、描述图形所运用的词汇。曲线图的走势一般分为上升、下降、波动、持平四中,而每种走势都可以用不同的词汇进行表达。如:描述上升可以用increase, go up, climb, 下降可用decrease, go down, drop,持平的表达可以用level out, remain stable等等。对于同一走势的不同程度,我们也应用相应的词汇加以区别。如:急剧下降可说成decrease drastically,缓慢上升increase gradually。对于考生来说,运用多种词汇来表达曲线的走势对于小作文拿高分意义相当重大。
三、文章中出现的句式。在小作文评分中,句子结构是重要考察项。中国考生往往因为母语的影响,对运用不同句式作文掌握还有所欠缺。特别是在描写曲线时,很多曲线在不同阶段有相似的走势,在描述的过程中,更加应该注意尽量避免同种句式频繁出现。如要表示男性人均收入在1月到3月中上升很快,我们可以说:Average income for male workers in Australia increased greatly from January to March in 2001. 也可以用名词来表示:There was a great increase for average income for male workers from January to March in 2001。类似的表达还有很多,考生们可以在备考的过程中加以总结归纳。
主体段落写完,最后就剩下总结工作了。文章的结尾段一般的不会有很多新信息的出现,主要目的是将主体段落中所描述的信息加以总结,也可以将不同的描述对象的趋势进行大致的比较。
描述雅思考试中的趋势图(曲线图)的4种方法
篇5:雅思写作低分原因分析
以时间为主的主语
4.时间+witness +趋势+in 对象
以上就是雅思小作文写作中趋势图的写作结构的内容。我们可以看出在小作文的写作中,审题是一个非常重要的步骤。在审题时,我们要审什么?一个是图表类型,一个是图表的极值和走势趋向。对于趋势图这种图形,我们更应该重视数据的趋势,在写作当中多描述数据的走向和到达的极值。如果是几组数据进行对比,我们还应该注意描述它们的不同。
雅思培训类写作之书信写作格式和审题解说
一般说来雅思G类小作文task1要求烤鸭们写一封不少于150词的信件。信件的类型共有9类,下面为大家一一分析。
9大类信件:投诉信、道歉信、感谢信、求职信、咨询信、建议信、求助信、邀请信、挂失信。建议写作时间20分钟。雅思书信备考三大方面:熟悉书信格式、分辨书信类别、熟记书信常用表达。
一、雅思书信写作4大块 雅思书信写作可分为4部分:salutation称呼、body主体、closing结束语、signature署名。
二、G类task1的评分标准在答题纸的下方考官阅卷栏可以看到四个符号:TA, CC, LR, GRA,分别代表四大评分标准。 Task Achievement 考生是否清晰表达了信件的目的,所有要点是否全部涵盖。 Coherence and cohesion考生对信息和观点是否进行了很好地组织、表达和衔接。 Lexical Resource 使用词汇的范围、准确性以及恰当性。 Grammatical Range and Accuracy 所用语法结构的范围、准确性和恰当性。是否可以准确恰当使用多种语法结构和句式,使表达多样化。
写作注意事项:
1、审题把握 把握好G类书信语气的第一步,就是要弄清写信的要求和背景。雅思书信写作题目就是由背景信息和写作任务两个部分构成的,我们可以将其分成私人信件和事务性信件两种类型。写给亲朋好友的信可以归为前者,如友情信,由于对方是挚友,写信的语气可以比较轻松和随意,在说明详细内容时,措辞不必讲究但要礼貌。
2、信头称呼 所谓称呼是指写信人对收信人的称呼用语,一般用“dear”开头,在称呼后可以用逗号(英式)或是冒号“美式”。
(1)如果是写给亲戚或是关系密切的朋友,我们习惯于在“Dear”后加上对其的称呼或是名字(given name)。
(2)如果是写给一家公司或者不知道具体职衔的人,可以用Dear Sir or Madam;
(3)如果知道具体职衔但不知其姓氏,可以以其职位称呼,如Dear Chief Accountant;
(4)如果写信人知道收信人的姓名和性别,但关系不够密切,只属于一般往来,Dear Mr./Mrs./Ms/Miss Wang会显得友好却不随便;
(5)另外,也可以用学位及职称加上姓氏或者全名,如Dear Dr. Will Smith, Dear Prof. (Professor) Jane Austin。
3、语气斟酌 正文作为整个信件内容最重要的部分,所选用的词汇和句式无不体现着写信人的态度和语气,应该根据不同的信件内容进行挑选和斟酌。
以上就是雅思培训类写作之书信写作格式和审题解说的内容。书信类的写作是英文写作中一种正式的,书面的写作形式。遵循很多约定俗成的格式和规定。在这一方面,我们需要去模仿范文的格式。且在表达语气的这一方面,英语也有很多固定的句型可以为我们所用。我们只需要遵照英语中的写信规则,加入礼貌性的表达语气斟酌的句型,就能写出一篇书信类的作文。
雅思写作词汇怎么才能提升?你需要掌握这2点
1. 雅思写作词汇量有限,只会重复使用简单的词汇
考生的词汇量不多,在复习过程中又不看优秀范文,或者即使看了范文,将之与自己写的文章对照后,也不做任何词汇积累工作。如果作文中涉及“污染”这个词的使用,绝大部分考生都选择用pollution 这个词,并且在行文过程中不停地重复这个词。这样重复使用一个词导致的结果就是作文词汇得分只能达到5分。
2. 有一定的写作词汇量,但是不会运用,浪费了词汇储备
有些考生复习时会很注意积累范文中的用词和表达,但总是不得其法,背下来一堆“高大上”但却不知道如何使用的词。在考场上,这类考生往往有一种“茶壶里煮饺子——肚子里有货倒不出”的感觉,即使背了很多词汇,在考场上也发挥不出来。
例如,虽然考生在考试前记住了facilitate (to make it easier for a process or activity to happen)这个词,但在考场上想表达“计算机可以帮助我们更好地学习语言”的时候,却仍然写成了“Computers make it easier for us to learn another language ”,而不是“Computers can be used to facilitate language learning ”。那么,对于这类考生来说,复习时所做的词汇积累就毫无意义可言了。
3. 写作用词不准确
有些考生很注重积累词汇,但在写作时却不分语境地随意使用。其结果是,虽然用了“高大上”的词汇,却因为用词不准确,仍不能得到自己满意的分数。
例如有些考生在词典中查到单词endorse 的中文解释有“赞同,同意”一项,于是决定把作文中的agree全改成endorse。殊不知,这个endorse在《朗文当代英语词典》中的英文定义是“to express formal support or approval for someone or something”,这意味着endorse表示“同意”时多用于正式场合,并且很多时候是有一定身份的人才可以使用的,例如:“The Prime Minister is unlikely to endorse this view. ”因此,考生在作文中直接把这个词当做“同意”来使用是不准确的。
接下来,将从雅思写作的词汇评分标准入手,帮助考生们明确评分标准的要求,同时提出解决上述三个问题的方法。
雅思写作中词汇评分标准的要求
雅思词汇评分标准中已经明确地阐述了不同分数档对考生的词汇要求,下面笔者以5 分、6 分和7 分的评分标准为例,为考生进行分析讲解。
雅思写作5分:uses a limited range of vocabulary, but this is minimally adequate for the task; may make noticeable errors in spelling and/or word formation that may cause some difficulty for the reader
雅思写作6分:uses an adequate range of vocabulary for the task; attempts to use less common vocabulary but with some inaccuracy; makes some errors in spelling and/or word formation, but they do not impede communication
雅思写作7分:uses a sufficient range of vocabulary to allow some flexibility and precision; uses less common lexical items with some awareness of style and collocation; may produce occasional errors in word choice, spelling and word formation
从这三个分数档的要求描述中可以看出:
如果考生想达到5 分,只需具有有限的词汇量(limited range of vocabulary) ,能够完成作文就好;
而如果考生想达到6 分,则需要有足够的词汇量(adequate range of vocabulary),并使用不常见词汇(less common vocabulary) ;
7 分的要求更高,要求考生有丰富的词汇量(sufficient range of vocabulary) ,在词汇使用方面体现出灵活性(flexibility) 和准确性(precision) ,在使用不常见词汇的同时也能对语体(style) 和搭配(collocation) 有一定了解。
下面对以上评分标准中提到的关键词做详细解析,希望能帮考生明确备考方向。
1. 词汇量(range of vocabulary)
对于词汇量的要求,5 分的评分标准中用的形容词是limited ( 有限的)。什么样的情况属于词汇量有限呢?举例来说,如果要描述这样一个事实:“越来越多的人购买了越来越多的车辆,造成了越来越严重的空气污染。”很多考生多半会写成:“More and more people are buying more and more cars, which causes more and more serious air pollution.”这个英语句子的意思表达得很清楚,可在词汇上只能拿到5 分。因为在表示“越来越多”这个概念的时候,more and more这个词组被重复了三遍,这表现了考生在词汇储备方面的匮乏。
如果考生想得到6 分及以上的分数,就要学会用a/an growing/increasing number of 、increasingly来替换more and more,即把本句改成:“Agrowing number of people are buying more and more cars,which causes increasingly serious air pollution. ”对于每个常见含义,笔者建议考生至少要掌握三种不同的英文表达方式。
此外,在作文中,考官也会看重考生对不同话题相关词汇量的掌握情况,以此作为评分的一种依据。比如说,对于犯罪的话题,criminal ( 罪犯)这个词是考生在写作时必然会用上的。除了可以使用lawbreaker 、offender这样的同义转换词外,如果考生在考试中能使用一些表示具体犯了某种罪的罪犯的名词,例如thief ( 小偷)、juvenile delinquent(少年犯)以及serial killer (连环杀手),也是自身具有充足词汇量的有力证明。
2.不常见词汇(less common vocabulary)
什么是不常见词汇?有很多考生认为不常见词汇就是大词、难词,于是费尽了心思去搜集。其实,所谓的不常见词汇,是指那些考生在写作文时往往用不到,但一看范文或官方样文就认识的词。
如果考生观察《剑桥雅思考试全真试题集(3~9) 》中所提供的官方样文的话,就会发现样文里几乎没有大词、难词。相反,官方样文的用词几乎都是四、六级考查范围内的词汇。比如,在上文中笔者曾经提到,一旦说到“污染”这个词,很多考生的第一反应就是用pollution ,而contamination这个词其实就是六级词汇中要求考生掌握的词,它完全可以替换pollution 。再比如,表示“破坏环境”这个含义时,大部分考生写出的表达是damage environment,而“破坏”这个词可以替换为六级词汇中的deteriorate。所以,考生只要把大学四、六级考查的词汇掌握好就行,不需要特意去寻找其他的词汇资源。
3.词汇运用的灵活性(flexibility)
关于写作词汇运用的灵活性,涉及以下两个方面。
(1)利用同义词或同义的概念替换词以避免同一词汇在文章中重复出现。这里利用同义词是指如果考生在作文中两次提到了相同的概念,那么考生可以分别用两个不同的词来表示。例如,在作文中考生可以分别用important和significant来表示“重要的”以避免重复。而同义的概念替换词是指两个可能并非完全同义,但在一定情境下可以相互替换的词汇。例如,activity ( 活动) 和competition ( 竞争) 的意思并不完全相同,但在谈到关于“比赛”这个概念时,这两个词都是可以使用的。例如,一场篮球赛是一场竞争(competition),也是一种活动(activity) 。
(2)通过使用“词性不同但词义相同的词汇”来避免重复。例如,在文章中要表达“日本的石油消耗量居全世界首位,而美国排第二”这个含义时,可以用“Japan consumes the largest amount of oil in the world, while consumption in the US ranks second place ”来体现词汇使用的灵活性。其中,句中的consume和consumption 词性不同,但词义相同。
4.词汇运用的准确性(precision)
顾名思义,准确性就是指单词使用的准确程度。在积累词汇的过程中,考生会背很多同义或可表示相似意义的词汇,但有些词汇即使意思相近,在用法上也有很大的区别。例如,在前文提到了endorse这个词的使用,如果不分场合地用它来代替agree,就会造成表达不当。再如,描述一个人的眼睛大可以用big,虽然big非常常见,但big eyes 搭配起来没有问题。可是如果用enormous (extremely large in size or amount) 来形容眼睛的大小,就不恰当了。
所以,考生在平时记忆词汇时要多注意区分词汇使用的语境,从而确保词汇使用的准确性。
5. 词汇,语体及搭配(style and collocation)
Style是指语体的风格。雅思考试中的写作测试是一个偏向于正式文体的语言测试,所以考生在行文的过程中不应出现过于口语化的内容,也不能用缩略语的形式。例如“I am gonna ... ”或“I’d like to ... ”这种表达都不应在雅思写作中出现,而应该用“I will …”或“I tend to … ”这样的表达来替代。评分标准中要求的搭配(collocation)的英文定义是“the way in which some words are often used together, or a particular combination of words ”,这要求考生在写作时要注意词语的固定搭配。例如,表示“学习知识”应该用acquire knowledge ,而不是learn knowledge;表示“犯罪”应该用commit a crime,而不是do a crime。这需要考生在平时多看范文,注意多多积累固定搭配,以提高自己在雅思词汇方面的得分。
解决雅思写作词汇积累和使用难题
事实上,考生在知道了词汇评分标准的要求后,再遇到问题时就不难解决了。下面笔者就根据词汇的评分标准,给出解决本文开头提到的三个问题的方法。
1. 积累丰富多样化的雅思写作词语
为了避免在写作时重复使用有限词汇,考生在看范文时应对范文中意义相似或相同的词进行积累和背诵。例如,在《剑桥雅思考试全真试题集6 》Test 2 的官方样文中,表示某人观点的时候,分别用了find 、feel 、think等词汇表示“认为”的含义,考生就可以将其归纳总结,并在表达观点时使用,以确保自己作文中的词汇表达具有多样性。
篇6:雅思写作低分的六大原因以及怎样改进方法
雅思写作低分的六大原因以及怎样改进方法
在雅思考试中,写作部分要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇作文。第一篇是小作文,要求考生描述图表反映的内容和问题,字数为150个词以上:第二篇是大作文,要求考生根据题目要求写一篇议论文,字数为250个词以上。写作单项的满分为9分,采取半分制:写作部分的.总分是小作文分数的1/3加上大作文分数的2/3。由于分值权重方面的原因,很多考生都高度重视大作文,却忽视了小作文的重要性。这主要表现为两种情况:一是考生平时很少练习小作文,导致其在20分钟内无法完成小作文,从而挤占了大作文的写作时间:二是由于比较看重大作文,一部分考生在考试的时候会选择先写大作文,并因过于谨慎仔细而占用了很多时间,最终导致没有时间完成小作文。这两种情况都会导致考生的写作成绩被拖后腿。
根据写作部分的计分权重来算,对于写作分数目标是5.5分的考生,一般来说有以下两种方案可选:
方案A:小作文5分,大作文6分,写作成绩=5.5分:方案B:小作文6分,大作文5分,写作成绩=5.5分。这两个方案殊途同归,但是因为大作文比小作文难拿到高分,因而方案B比较容易实现。这就意味着,写作分数目标是5.5分的考生应重点提高小作文的写作水平。
篇7:雅思阅读低分四大原因
雅思阅读低分四大症状
雅思阅读,对症下药。
1症状:题目看不懂,也找不到。
诊断:缺乏语言基础+定位方法
2症状:题目看懂了,但就是找不到。
诊断:缺定位方法
3症状:题目看懂了,也找到了,但还做错了。
诊断:方法尚可,替换关系理解不到位,句子结构分析不准。
4症状:题目看懂了,也找到了,答案对了,可是时间不够!
诊断:缺高效的篇章练习思路,即平行阅读法
很多雅思阅读教学法往往把学生从症状1中拯救出来,但又掉进了症状2;同理,症状2的学生被拯救后掉进了症状3。与其最后都会掉进症状4,我们为何不从根本上解决学生的整体阅读思路问题?
当我们紧紧抓着某些所谓的定位词去全文搜索时,就如同大海捞针,而这根针还很有可能被偷换成“金箍棒”,导致烤鸭定位受挫,只能放弃此题,继续找下一道题目的定位词。这就是只见树木,不见森林的“关键词定位法”。
西方人的写作思路有他们惯有的逻辑,比如介绍类(横向/纵向),问题类(what-why-how-implication),具体可以参考以下链接:
bj.xdf.cn/publish/portal24/tab8635/info862198.htm
不管你是否有时间研读文章的发展顺序,上考场前一周必须要熟练的必杀技,就是平行阅读法。因为已经有不少烤鸭在短期内获得了可喜的提分效果。
出题套路
简而言之,模式一到模式三,都是各种题型的交叉出题,只有模式四是每种题型先后分节出题,也是大家最青睐的模式。可遗憾的是,出题人更加青睐的是前面三种模式,因为既能考察学生的快速定位能力,还能考察学生是否真实理解了文章含义,可谓“去技巧性”愈演愈烈,所谓的“关键词定位法”会导致反复重读,影响答题效果和效率。
平行阅读法
今天咱们以模式一为例,具体演练一下平行阅读法的操作步骤。
C5 p66-70 Disappearing Delta
Step 1. 浏览所有题型,划分考察范围
我们一拿到文章,先会看到66页有段落小标题,划掉例子选项vii和vi,同时划掉文中的A段和C段,表示这两段不出LOH小标题,那么LOH实际考察B,D,E,F这四段范围。
关注大标题和68页图示,Disappearing Delta,确定主题词Nile delta等类似词汇会高频出现,不作为定位词。
看到69页有判断题5道,然后70页有总结题3道,我们将先出现的判断题作为A类题型,同理后出现的作为B类题型。因为B类题型有段落提示考察E和F段,那么在原文E段标注题号24,表示开始出总结题。可以大概推断E段之前的A-D段会重点考察判断题,心中可以呈现如下的考察模式:
模式一:段落小标题+其他题型(全篇交叉)
Step 2. 先读正序题,后读乱序题
因为有了如上考察模式,我们可以先读正序题A1,划出定位词Egypt’s Mediterranean和考点词erosion occurred before Aswan dams,由于A段不出小标题,我们可以直接搜索判断题的细节定位词,定到A段前两句,发现考点吻合(in the past, land scoured away from…),A1的答案为YES。
由于A段不考小标题,也不考察B类题型,那么A段被利用完毕。
Step 3. 逐段阅读每段,完成每段会考察的题型,交叉做题(先正后乱)
现在到B段,很可能出判断题A2细节题,并且一定会出小标题B段主旨。于是先读正序题A2,划出定位词(Aswan dams)和考点词(people predicted… before dams were built)。回到B段,先读第一句话,发现后文是对首句话的细节补充,得出第一句话为主题句,标记TS(Topic Sentence)。然后顺着往后读,发现没有提到修建大坝之前,人们是否预测有海水侵蚀的事情。得出A2判断题答案NOT GIVEN。
B段后半截出现But也需要关注,但其实是通过介绍修大坝的目的,来呼应首句话,强调修大坝造成了泥沙被拦截,泥沙无法像之前那样自然地流到三角洲去填补侵蚀。于是回到66页划出每个小标题关键词,得出B段主旨的小标题为iv. Interrupting a natural process。
因为完成了A2,现在回到判断题A3,划出定位词(Aswan dams)和考点词(考修建目的是不是increase fertility)。由于刚才读B段But后就发现了修大坝目的,是provide electricity and irrigation…,考点不吻合,答案是NO。
此时B段已经被利用完毕,接着预估C段可能考察判断题A4,并一定不会考察小标题C段主旨(因为是例子)。于是读判断题A4,完成A4。
C段被利用完,就读判断题A5,回到D段解决相应细节判断题和主旨小标题。
以此类推,待D段判断题和小标题搞定,接着就用后面的B类题型(总结题)和小标题的E段F段平行阅读,逐段清空,交叉做题。
注意:如果A类题型和B类题型分节出题,则先把A1A2A3…全部完成,再读B1B2B3…;如果A类题型和B类题型交叉出题,则同时读A1和B1,谁先出现,先解决谁。
总之,把自己当作出题者,判断每段会出哪些题型,逐段清空,交叉做题。你会发现你能够化被动为主动,定位上不会犹豫,并且不用回读,正确率也相应提高。当然,这是模式一的解决方案,后面的模式二到模式四,方法类似,细节处理有所差异。
雅思阅读三大病症
1. 阅读缓慢症
time flies(时光飞逝)用来形容雅思阅读考试简直不能太贴切,基本80%以上的烤鸭们都面临着时间严重不够用这一大难题。还没做完第一篇,考官就开始 “40 mins left”, 基本来不及细看第三篇,阅读考试就结束了。这慌慌张张地读文,糊里糊涂地做题,怪不得大部分人出考场的第一句话都是“一切都要看天意了!”。其实,按照雅思官方(即那些母语为英语的英国人)的逻辑来说,1个小时解决3篇文章40道题是totally合理的!因为当你步入国外学习,等待你的就不仅仅是一个小时只看3篇文章那么简单了,也就是说如果你的阅读速度不够快的话,你是很难跟上国外课程的节奏的。那么,这阅读缓慢症我们到底应该怎么治呢?
首先,我们一定要明确一个大原则即:以题带读文章,不以做题为目的读文章在考场上是不推荐的,毕竟这是一场昂贵的应试考试,如果大家是想锻炼阅读能力,那么建议可以在课下多精读文章。如果是在考场上,那么我们就必须学会如何在文章上进行扫读和略读。我们可以拿下面这段话试一试:Maintaining a level of daily physical activity may help mental functioning, says Carl Cotman, a neuroscientist at the University of California at Irvine. 这句话中肯定有我们看着陌生的词汇比如neuroscientist,但是事实上它只是人物的身份介绍,对于我们做题功用性并不大。因此我们可以完全忽略读句子的后半句,只要获得physical activity help mental functioning这句信息即可。其实在每篇剑桥真题中,都有这样冗杂的信息,我们并不需要全部读懂这些内容。适当的一代而过最好不过了。
2. 定位盲目症
除了时间紧张外,多数烤鸭在考场上也会犯盲目症,即阅读毫无章法,东挑一块儿西拎一片儿,完全不知道自己应该从哪儿开始,也不能够有效地找到自己要做的题目的切入点。其实,这很大程度上是由于对文章缺乏整体的结构把握和对题目特点不熟悉导致。因为许多考生非常习惯先做填空型和判断型题目,这种细节型的题目如果简单点,大家可以通过上一道题结束的位置来锁定下一道题目开始的位置。但是一旦如果难一点,那么非常容易在文章内容上有较大的跨度,有的甚至段落重合。碰到诸如此类的题目,很多考生可能在考场上就直接崩溃。且花大量的时间在锁定定位上,而非真正解题上。在这里,我想推荐大家可以试试如下的方法↓
首先,我们可以通过2-3分钟快速扫读标题和每段段首句信息,粗略把握一下文章大致的走向,(比如它是按时间线还是按人物线发展?)亦或者每段可能涉及什么样的内容。其次,我们再回到需要做的题目上,观察一下每道题的各自特点,是细节题目还是主旨针对全文。然后有针对地先解决容易定位的题目,如带有标题的summary或是笔记题,亦或是题目自报家门的选择题。当我们实在定不准位置的时候,一定要借助题干中比较醒目的信号词,它可以帮助我们快读锁定文章位置,那么这种类型的词我们可以将它们归纳为6类,分别是数字时间百分比,人名地名和大写。
3. 词不答题症
第三类病症的选手往往能够锁定住答案出处,但是在答案的选择上经常搞出乌龙,笑点频出。很多时候他们对句子里基本的单词都认识,就是连到一起意思就乱套了。其实说到底着就是对长难句的分析不到位,当句子拎不清主干和从句,意思理解上也就费劲了。我们看如下这句话:Research carried out by scientists in the United States has shown that the proportion of people over 65 suffering from the most common age-related medical problems is ———. 作为一道填空题,这句话很少有学生能够一遍看明白。首先我们会发现句子的主语是research,提取主干的话,它的谓语动词应该是has shown, 宾语的位置换成了一句话,且答案空在这句话上,故我们题干的中心又落在到了这个宾语从句上,那么从句里很明显主语是the proportion of people 那么谓语动词成了is,根据词性搭配,我们要填的词判断是个形容词,所以把句子简化一下,我们就可理解是Research has shown that the proportion of people is 怎么样,然后通过题干中 United States,over 65快速定位,锁定答案。
通过该题的特点,我们在阅读中是一定要培养自己独立读长难句的能力的。当然,这也绝非短时间内能够突破的,还在于大家平时对文章的精读。我的建议是大家可以在每做完一篇文章后,在文章中挑出至少5个自己看起来费力的句子,把它们彻彻底底弄明白,因为这不仅可以修炼阅读的内力,还可以提升写作的功力,可谓一箭双雕。
雅思阅读练习题:Does online preschool program work?
Preschool is good for children, but it’s expensive.
Can 4-year-olds learn what they need to know for kindergarten by sitting in front of a computer for 15 minutes a day?
Utah is betting they can. This year, more than 6,600 children across the state are learning by logging on to laptops at home in a taxpayer-funded online preschool program that is unlike any other.
This is preschool without circle time on the carpet, free play with friends and real, live teachers. In online preschool, children navigate(航行)through a series of lessons, games and songs with the help of a computer mouse and two animated raccoons(浣熊)named Rusty and Rosy.
The Obama administration last year awarded an $11.5 million grant to expand the online program into rural communities to study how well it prepares children for kindergarten. Schools in South Carolina are testing it, and Idaho lawmakers are considering a pilot program(试点项目).
It’s a sign of the growing interest among educators in using technology to customize(定制)learning, even for the youngest children. It also gives children who might otherwise not get any preparation for elementary school a chance to experience an academic program.(这也给了那些上小学前原本可能没有任何准备的孩子一个机会来体验学习课程。) But it’s also missing some ingredients(成分)— especially social and emotional learning — that many experts and parents consider central to the education of young children.
Utah’s approach, which is far cheaper than traditional preschool programs and can reach students in the state’s most remote areas, is to some critics an example of a common problem: Lawmakers want to harness(利用)the oft-touted benefits of early-childhood education without investing enough to ensure quality. (犹他州的办法,虽然比传统学前方案便宜得多,而且能惠及该州最偏远地区的学生,但是在一些批评家看来,这种方法恰恰体现了一个常见的问题:为政者想利用孩子早期教育被经常吹嘘的种.种好处,却又投资不够以确保其品质。)
“It’s wishful thinking(异想天开) by state legislatures,” said Steven Barnett, the director of the National Institute for Early Education Research at Rutgers University. “We want preschool, we want to get these great results, but we don’t actually want to spend the money.”
State Sen. Howard A. Stephenson (R), who sponsored the bill that created the Utah program, sees it differently. Utah is one of 10 states that lack a state-funded traditional preschool program. In its K-12 schools, Utah spends just $6,252 per student, which is less than any other state and two-thirds of the national average.
“We want to reach the greatest number of children with the resources that we have,” Stephenson said. “I don’t think we’re being cheap at all. We’re being smart.”
Called Upstart — or Utah Preparing Students Today for a Rewarding Tomorrow — the program has grown quickly since its inception(开始) in 2008, bolstered(支持,援助) by external evaluations that have shown early literacy(读写能力)gains among children who use it. (从2008年开展以来,该课程发展迅速,而且也得到了外部评估的支持:使用该课程的孩子已经初步显示出读写能力的提高。)It is a program of the Waterford Institute, a Utah-based nonprofit center that has long sold instructional software to K-12 schools.
Upstart will cost about $5.3 million this year, or about $800 per student. That is about half the cost of Arizona’s state-funded traditional preschool program, which is the least-expensive in the country, and a fraction(分数;一小部分)of Washington’s universal preschool program, which costs $15,000 per student, according to Barnett’s early education research center at Rutgers.
Waterford provides participating families with software and parent training sessions and, if need be, laptops and Internet access. The nonprofit also has installed solar panels for several students whose homes do not have electricity, including for the Parrish family, who live in the Navajo Nation’s iconic(标志性的) Monument Valley.
“I would recommend it to other parents,” said Clara Parrish, whose granddaughter began Upstart last year while attending a traditional preschool for two half-days each week. “She was a little behind, and then when she went to Upstart, she caught up. I think she’s doing better than she was.”
Public preschool programs have been expanding nationwide as policymakers have come to see early-childhood education as key to closing persistent achievement gaps between children from poor and affluent(富裕的)families. (公立学前课程已经在全国范围内发展起来,因为政府已逐渐认识到,孩子的早期教育是消除一直存在的穷人家和富人家孩子成绩差距的关键所在。)Research shows that at-risk children who attend high-quality preschools are more likely to have positive life outcomes than their counterparts(对等的人或物)who do not attend preschool. They are more likely to graduate from high school and less likely to get into trouble with the law or to go to jail.
But Barnett and other earyl-education experts said that those powerful effects stem not only from(来自于) the academic boost(提高)that preschools can provide but also from the social and emotional skills — such as self-control — that young children learn when they play and negotiate with their peers in person.
It is not clear whether or how an online learning program can teach those kinds of skills; evaluations of Upstart have not measured what children learn in that realm(领域).
“They’ve selected their outcomes that they are likely to achieve, and it’s probably safe to assume that impacts on the others are zero,” Barnett said. (巴内特说:“他们只选择那些可能实现的结果,我们也许可以认为,[该课程]对其他方面产生的影响可能为零。”)
Claudia Miner, a Waterford vice president, said Upstart officials teach parents how they can bolster their children’s social skills. But she said that lawmakers are most interested in the program’s potential effect on literacy. “You don’t measure social skills in third grade; you measure reading skills,” she said in an e-mail.
Miner added that some parents simply are not ready to send their 4-year-olds to school, but they also want help to prepare them for kindergarten. And other families, particularly in Utah, live in such far-flung(偏远的)places that sending their children to a traditional preschool is not realistic or affordable.
“In some of the most rural parts of Utah and the country, there simply isn’t a bricks-and-mortar(实体的)option or, if there is, it involves a long travel time,” Miner said.
About half of the children who participated in Upstart during the 2014-2015 school year were enrolled in another preschool program. One of them was Megan Albrecht’s daughter, who attended a preschool three half-days each week.
“The Upstart program was great, but it really just went over letters, just the alphabet and the grammar part, and there’s so much more than just that,” said Albrecht, a mother of three in Panguitch, Utah, a rural town of 1,600 in southern Utah, near Bryce Canyon’s famous rock hoodoos.
But Albrecht said Upstart is an important tool because it provides her a structure, and a daily nudge(推动), to teach her daughter the alphabet and basic skills for kindergarten.
Mark Innocenti, a professor at Utah State University, was skeptical(怀疑的)about using scarce state funds to pay for an educational model with unproven results for low-income students. But after evaluating whether the program is effective when used in home day care and district-run preschool programs, his thinking has changed.
Innocenti said he has been convinced that combining online learning with traditional preschool is a valid approach that gives children the best of both worlds. But he said he remains concerned about relying on an in-home computer program to serve the poorest children, especially those whose parents work or speak English as a second language.
Utah’s legislature recently started an effort to serve those children in traditional, center-based preschools. In a twist on preschool funding — using “social impact bonds” — investors can foot(结算;衡量) the upfront costs of providing traditional preschool programs. And if the program meets goals for reducing the number of children who need costly special education services, taxpayers pay the investors back, with interest.
That program is quite small, serving about 1,000 children, according to Stephenson, the state senator. And it is far more expensive than Upstart. It probably will cost taxpayers between $1,900 and $2,000 per child, according to state fiscal analysts.
Stephenson said the cost of traditional preschool limits how many of the state’s 50,000 4-year-olds can be served.
“We can cover a lot more children with the same dollars with Upstart,” he said.
Vocabulary
navigate 航行
pilot program 试点项目
customize 定制
ingredient 成分
wishful thinking 异想天开
inception 开始;开端
bolster 支持
literacy 读写能力
fraction 小部分;分数
iconic 标志性的
affluent 富裕的
counterpart 对等的人或物
stem from 来自于......
boost 提高;增长
realm 领域
far-flung 偏远的
bricks-and-mortar 实体的 (与virtual “虚拟的”相对)
skeptical 怀疑的;不相信的
雅思词汇大爆炸(10)-由inception引出的词汇
conception 观念;观点
inception 初期阶段
reception 接待
deception 欺骗
perception 感知
interception 拦截;截获
★ 雅思写作
★ 雅思写作模板
雅思写作低分原因解析(精选7篇)
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