英语的副词语法基础

时间:2022-12-24 04:05:30 作者:Rhiannon 综合材料 收藏本文 下载本文

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篇1:英语的副词语法基础

英语的副词语法基础

副 词 的 分 类:

1) 时间和频度副词:

now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.

2) 地点副词:

here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

3) 方式副词:

carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally1, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly2, warmly

4) 程度副词:

much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly3, enough, extremely4, entirely,almost, slightly.

5) 疑问副词:

how, when, where, why.

6) 关系副词:

when, where, why.

7) 连接副词:

how, when, where, why, whether.

副 词 的 用 法:

副词在句中可作状语,表语,短语。

He works5 hard.

他工作努力。

You speak English quite well.

你英语讲的很好。

Is she in ?

她在家吗?

Let's be out.

让我们出去吧。

Food here is hard to get.

这儿很难弄到食物。

副 词 的 位 置:

1) 多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。

I get up early in the morning everyday.

我每天早早起床。

He gave me a gift yesterday.

他昨天给了我一件礼物。

She didn't drink water enough.

她没喝够水。

The train goes fast.

火车跑得快。

We can go to this school freely6.

我们可以免费到这家学校学习。

They left a life hardly then.

当时他们的生活很艰难。

He has a new cat on today.

他今天戴了一顶新帽子。

I have seen this film twice with my friends.

这部电影我和朋友看过两次。

2) 副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。

It's rather easy, I can do it.

这很容易,我能做到。

He did it quite well.

他做得相当好。

It's rather difficult to tell who is right.

很难说谁是对的。

It's so important that I must tell my friends.

这件事太重要了,我得告诉我的朋友。

It's much better.

好多了。

3) 频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。

I often help him these days.

这些日子我经常帮助他。

I always remember the day when I first came

to this school.

我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。

You mustn't always help me.

你不能老是帮助我。

He seldom comes to see us.

他很少来看我们。

We usually go shopping once a week.

我们通常一周买一次东西。

The new students don't always go to dance.

新学生并不时常去跳舞。

4) 疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。

When do you study everyday?

你每天什么时间学习?

Can you tell me how you did it?

你能告诉我你如何做的吗?

First, let me ask you some questions.

先让我来问几个问题。

How much does this bike cost?

这辆车子多少钱?

Either you go or he comes.

不是你去就是他来。

The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom.

当老师进教室时,学生们正在读书。

5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。

We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday.

昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了.

What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening?

昨天下午你在教室里干什么?

The accident took place one hour ago in the Eleven Avenue7.

一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。

副 词 的 比 较 等 级:

副词和形容词一样,也有它的比较级和最高级形式. 可以参考形容词的变换形式。但以词尾 -ly 结尾的副词(除 early )须用 more 和 most 。

hard harder hardest

fast faster fastest

early earlier earliest

much more most

warmly more warmly most warmly

单音节副词的比较级是在副词后面加上 -er 构成的,最高级是在副词后面加上 -est 构成的。

near nearer nearest

hard harder hardest

多音节副词的比较级是在副词的前面加上 -more 构成的。 最高级是在副词前面加上 -most 构成的。

warmly more warmly most warmly

successfully8 more successfully most successfully

有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。

well-better - best little - less - least

Much- more - most badly - worse - worst

far-farther(further)-farthest(furthest)

副词的比较级和最高级用法同形容词的比较级用法基本一样。 最高级形式句中 the 可以省略。

He works harder than I.

他比我工作努力。

Lucy gets up earlier than Lili.

露西比丽丽起床早。

He runs fastest in our class.

他在我们班跑地最快。

He dives deeper than his teammates.

他比他的队员潜水深。

It's true that he speak English more fluently9 than any of us.

他英语讲的确实比我们任何人都好。

Our school team play football best in our region10.

我们校队在我们地区足球踢得最好的。

篇2:英语副词语法

英语副词语法

1、中文:这块石头太大了没人能举起它。

(误)Here is a so big stone that no one can lift it.

(正)Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.(so是副词,修饰形容词,形式是so+形容词+a+单数可数名词。)

2、中文:这花多美啊!

(误)What beautiful the flower is!

(正)How beautiful the flower is!(how用来修饰副词或形容词,而what用来修饰名词。)

3、中文:这工作永远不会被完成。

(误)This job will be never finished.

(正)This job will never be finished.(频率副词在第一个助动词后。)

4、中文:我的.弟弟比我高多了。

(误)My brother is very taller than I.

(正)My brother is much taller than I.(very不能修饰比较级;much可以修饰比较级。)

5、中文:我想我七点会在餐厅里见到她。

(误)I think I“ll meet her at 7:00 at the restaurant.

(正)I think I”ll meet her at the restaurant at 7:00.(地方副词在时间副词前。)

6、中文:这房间对你够大的。[环球网校成人高考频道整理副词误用]

(误)This room is enough large for you.

(正)This room is large enough for you.(enough作副词,在被修饰的形容词后。)

篇3:英语基础语法

■一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常与表示频度的时间状语every day, usually, always, often, sometimes, on Sunday等连用。如:

I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我七点去上学。 ■一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如: Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。

The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。

注意:此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时。如:

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。

■一般现在时表示格言或警句。如:

Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。

■一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态。如:

I am a teacher. 我是教师。

Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. 彼得汉语写得不错,讲的可不行。

■以here, there等开始的倒装句,表示动作正在进行。如:

Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。

There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。

■在下列情况下表示将来:

1. 在状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:

I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就交给他。

He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他,他会来的。

Suppose he doesn’t agree,what shall we do?假如他不同意,那怎么办?

I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。

He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。

2. 在the more…the more …(越……越……) 句型中,前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,因为前者相当于条件状语从句。如:

The harder you study, the better results you will get. 你学习越努力,成绩就会越好。

3. 在make sure (certain) , see to it, mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:

See to it that you are not late again. 注意别再迟到了。

4. 表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作,通常有表示将来的时间状语。如:

The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at l:20. 飞机十一点半起飞,一点二十分抵达上海。

注:只限于少数动词能这样用,如 begin, start, , end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open 等。

篇4:英语基础语法

一、构成方法

现在进行时由 am/is/are 加现在分词构成。

二、用法说明

■表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。如:

They’re having a meeting. 他们在开会。

I’m studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。

■表示计划或安排好了的将来动作,常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如:

Mike is coming home on Thursday. 迈克星期四回来。

They’re having a party next week. 下星期他们将开一个晚会。

注:表示安排将要做的事,人作主语宜用现在进行时,事物作主语,宜用一般现在时。试比较: I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。(不宜说I don’t…)

The concert starts at 7: 30. 音乐会七点半开始。

■现在进行时与always, often, forever等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气。如:

You’re always interrupting me! 你老打断我的话!(抱怨)

My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丢车钥匙。(不满)

She’s always helping people. 她老是帮助别人。(赞扬)

■现在进行时在时间和条件状语从句中,代替过去将来时。如:

He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise. (from www.yygrammar.com)

注意:像 be, think, understand, love, have, own, see, hear, find, belong to 等静态动词通常不用于进行时。

篇5:英语基础语法

一、构成方法

一般过去时用动词的过去式构成,即在动词原形后加ed。

二、用法说明

■表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如:

He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。

What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事?

■在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如:

We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。

注:表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to 和would。如:

He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟,但现在不抽了。

Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难,他都会帮助我们。

■表示主语过去的特征或性格。如:

At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。

■用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如:

He said he would wait until they came back.

■一般过去时有时可以表示现在,多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用,使语气更委婉。如:

I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。

有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如:

I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。

注意:

1. 表示一系列的动作,尽管有先后,都用一般过去时,最后两个动词之间用and连结。如:

He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门,冲了出去,然后就消失了。

2. 注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不……”。如:

—Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. —It’s 2566666. 请再说一次你的电话号码,好吗?我刚才没听清楚。是2566666。

篇6:英语基础语法

一、构成方法

过去进行时由 was/were 加现在分词构成。

二、用法说明

■表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。如:

What were you doing this time yesterday? 昨天这个时候你在做什么?

During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe. 1999年夏天她在欧洲旅行。

■表示过去将来,多用于go, come, leave, start, take off等动词。如:

He said he was leaving for home in a day or two. 他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。

■表示过去的经常动作,常与always,forever等连用,略带感****彩。如:

She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。(赞扬)

She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。(厌烦)

■表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去,动作时间长的用过去进行时,表达谈话背景;动作时间短的用一般过去时,表达新的信息。如:

I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang. 我正在看报,突然门铃响了。

Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner. 吉姆做饭时把手烫了。

I met Diana while I was shopping this morning. 我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。

■表示两个同时持续的动作。如:

I was doing my homework while he was listening to music. 我在做作业而他在听音乐。

■过去进行时可以表示客气的语气。如:

I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 不知我可否顺便搭你的车

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