【导语】“无敌江湖骗子”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了5篇托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗，以下是小编帮大家整理后的托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗，仅供参考，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗
托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗?耳熟却讲不出意思赶紧来学
1.all over the place：乱七八糟的;到处都是
Paraphrase: completely disorganized or confused
官方真题Official: T13L2 – Ecology
Yeah,well, there used to be beavers all over the place, something like 200 million beavers, just in the continental United States.
这里曾经到处都是海狸，大概有200万只生活在美洲大陆上。
2.all the rag：风靡一时
Paraphrase: popular or fashionable at the moment
官方真题Official: T30L4 – Music History
Before long, Hawaiian steel guitar music was all the rage in the mainland US.
不久，夏威夷吉他就在美国本土风靡起来。
3.at odd：争执;不一致
Paraphrase: cannot agree or argue with someone
官方真题Official: T4L2 – Literature
They try to fit in with the rest of the world even though it’s at odds with their beliefs and their identities.
他们正努力融入世界，尽管他们和世界其他地方有着不同的身份和信仰。
Tips: at odds是争执、不一致的意思，应该把它作为一个整体来熟悉和运用。odd可以当形容词,意意思是奇数的;古怪的;剩余的;临时的;零散的;也可当名词,意思是：奇数;怪人;奇特的事物;
如：Although it sounded odd, this is the only way to describe this behavior.
虽然听起来很奇怪，但是这是描述这一行为的唯一方法。
It's not as though, oh, today is odd but maybe tomorrow it will be even.
并不是说今天它是奇数，明天就是偶数了。
而odds 只能当名词,意思是：几率;胜算;不平等;差别
如：Sure, you can raise money but the odds of getting venture capital are high.
当然了，你可以筹集资金，但是风险投资的几率也是非常高的。
4.be that as it may：即使如此，尽管那样; 话虽如此
Paraphrase: even so, even now
官方真题Official: T3L3 – Art History
But be that as it may, whatever the exact date, whether it's 15,000, 20,000or 30,000 years ago, the Chauvet paintings are from the dawn of art.
尽管如此，无论准确的日期是哪天，哪怕是在15000、20000还是300前，肖维岩洞的壁画都被认为是艺术的开端。
5.do the trick：奏效，成功
Paraphrase: go places, make a hit
官方真题Official: T19C1 – Student & Professor
Yeah,I can see how that might do the trick. But, anyway, what I wanted to ask was, when you started talking about game theory.Well, I know a little bit about it, but I am not clear about its use in biology.
是的，我已经看到效果了，但是，我还是想问一下，当你提到game theory的时候，我是有一定的了解，但是我不知道这个理论是如何运用在生物学中的。
6.down the drain：浪费掉;徒劳;堕落
Paraphrase: wasted or produces no results
官方真题Official: T4C2 – Student & Professor
I know, but I didn’t want to risk the project going down the drain.
我知道，但是我不能让这个项目冒功亏一篑的风险。
7.drop in the bucket：沧海一粟，九牛一毛，杯水车薪
Paraphrase: something is so small that it won't make any noticeable difference.
官方真题Official: T12L4 – Environmental Science
It can generate 194 megawatts of electric power, but that’s just a drop in the bucket.
它能产生194兆瓦的电量，但是也是杯水车薪。
8.for the birds：毫无意义的
Paraphrase: worthless or ridiculous
官方真题Official: T8L1 – Animal Behavior
Studies have been done on the reproductive success rates for the birds in both areas, and the result showed surprisingly that the reproductive success was essentially the same in both areas – the preferred and the second choice habitat.
关于繁殖的成功率的研究结论是毫无价值的，结果令人震惊地表明，繁殖的成功率在首选和第二选择的栖息地中本质上是一样的
9.from scratch：白手起家，从头做起
Paraphrase: from the beginning
官方真题Official: T4C2 – Student & Professor
But we've got all the sources and its due next week. We don’t have time to start from scratch.
但是我们已经找好各种资料了，截止日期是下周，我们已经没有时间重新来过了。
10.get a handle on：控制，掌握，驾驭，左右
Paraphrase: get something under control
官方真题Official: T25L4 – Animal Behavior
Apparently,it also contributes to the development of a brain that's flexible, a brain that's quickly able to get a handle on unfamiliar situations.
很显然，它对大脑灵活、快速的适应陌生环境有着重要帮助。
11.heavenly body：天体
Paraphrase: planet
官方真题Official: T18L1 – Astronomy
That's because of their belief at the time that the heavenly bodies, the Sun,Moon,Stars and Planets, were perfect, without any flaws or blemishes.
这是因为他们坚信所有的行星，太阳，月亮等等，都是完美无瑕的。
12.high and low：到处
Paraphrase:everywhere
官方真题Official: T5C1 – Student & Counselor at the University Counseling Center
And it so happened that the cellist graduated last year. They’ve been searching high and low for a replacement, someone with experience.
大提琴手去年毕业了，他们到处寻找有经验的接班人。
13.how come：为什么，怎么会
Paraphrase: disbelief or surprise
官方真题Official:T26L3 – Astronomy
I mean, how come Halley’s is still there? After four and a half billion years. How could it be?
我意思是，经过了45亿年哈雷彗星怎么还在那，怎么可能?
14.let alone：更不必说;不打扰
Paraphrase: to say nothing of…
官方真题Official: T22L2 – Astronomy
we know the Sun’s current rate of mass loss, but if we assume that this rate has been steady over the last four billion years, the young Sun wouldn’t have been massive enough to have warmed Earth, let alone Mars, not enough to have caused liquid water.
我们知道太阳现在质量在衰减，如果我们假设太阳质量衰减的速度是恒定的，那么经过40亿年，太阳将不再有足够的质量给地球提供热量，更不用说火星了，这些热量都不够形成液态水。
15.off the hook：摆脱困境;脱身
Paraphrase: avoid sth.
官方真题Official: T15C2 – Student & Biology Professor
And that's supposed to be a quiet environment? Not exactly. My brother and parents try to keep it down when I am studying, but the phone pretty much rings off the hook, so ...
本该是一个很安静的环境吧?事实却不是这样，在我学习的时候都爸爸和哥哥放低声音，但是电话却响个不停。
16.pros and cons：利弊
Paraphrase: advantages & disadvantages
官方真题Official: The question is how. I mean no one really thinks that, say a bee goes through weighing thepros and cons of pollinating this flower or that flower.
问题在于怎样做到的。没有人会认为蜜蜂给花朵授粉的时候会去权衡一下这朵花和那朵花的利弊。
17.put two and two together：根据事实推理
Paraphrase: reach acorrect conclusion from the evidence; making inference
官方真题Official: T3L4 – Astronomy
Sohe put two and two together, and decided there was an element in the sun that hadn’t been discovered here on the earth yet.
所以他根据现有情况推断，太阳里有一种元素是我们至今都没有发现的。
18.rule of thumb：经验法则
Paraphrase: approximately
官方真题Official: T2C1 – Student & Professor
.. like your parents. That’s usually my rule of thumb: would my parents understand this?
例如你的父母。按我的经验我会问一句，我的父母能理解吗?
19.spot on：完全正确
Paraphrase: exactly right
官方真题Official:T29L4 – Structural Engineering
There’sa reason I mentioned that figure of 36,000 kilometers. That’s about how high an object would have to be orbiting straight up from the equator to constantly remain directly above the exact same spot on the rotating planet Earth.
就像我刚提到的，36000公里是近地同步卫星的最低轨道高度。
20.take for granted：认为…理所当然
Paraphrase: assume sth.Is real for sure
官方真题Official: T24L3 – Archeology
Today we take for granted that there horizontal bands of plant communities.
今天我们认为植物带的水平分布是理所当然的。
21.tall order：离谱的要求，苛求
Paraphrase: hard to achieve or fulfill
官方真题Official: T5C2 – Student & Professor
It's still a pretty tall order, and we will be moving right along, so you will really need to stay on top of it.
这始终是个苛刻的要求，我们要一直保持前进，你就必须保持在巅峰状态。
22.tongue in cheek：不是认真的，虚情假意的
Paraphrase:not seriously
官方真题Official:T12L1 – Biology
That's the so-called JUNK DNA. Though the word junk is used sort of tongue in cheek.
这就是所谓的“无用DNA”，不过junk一词在这里有点嘲弄的意思。
2020托福听力练习：对蜘蛛的恐惧
“Both of us were in the lab when we just saw a spider, and I'm really afraid of them.
So I started to scream for her to come and pick it up because she's not afraid of them.”
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev psychologist Tali Leibovich, talking about herself and a colleague.
“And she said, but it's small, how come you're afraid of it?
And I said, no it's huge! And she said 'it's small; I said it's huge.
We started arguing, and this is why we started this study. To see who is right.”
Leibovich does not ordinarily study spiders.
But this spider encounter made her curious about how the human brain understands magnitude—what are the factors that influence our estimation of how big or small something is?
And does fear play a role?
So she and colleagues did an experiment in which participants had to say how big a spider in a photo was on a scale from housefly to goat.
And the subjects who were afraid of spiders consistently rated the arachnids as larger than did the non-phobic participants.
But the spider-phobes did not miscalculate the size of butterflies or birds.
Nor did they see wasps as larger-than-life, even though wasps can be dangerous.
The estimation error was spider-specific.
It seems our emotions drive us to experience the same world in very different ways.
The results are in the journal Biological Psychology.
“Now we can ask the question of what causes what?
Is it the fear of spiders that makes you see them as larger, or first you see them as larger for some reason and because of it you start being afraid of them?”
If it's the latter, then perhaps spider-phobes can be trained to more accurately judge the size of the arachnids, and maybe that could ease their worries.
Some might even come to see spiders as actually kind of cool—or at least not downright terrifying.
“我们看到蜘蛛是在实验室里，我真的非常害怕这种生物。
因此我就冲她大喊大叫让她把蜘蛛弄走，因为她不害怕。”
班古里昂大学的内盖夫心理学家塔里·勒博维奇谈论着自己和同事的经历。
“我的同事说，蜘蛛那么小的个头，你怎么会害怕呢?
而我说，不，它很大的!她说蜘蛛很小，但我则说很大。
随后我们开始争论起来。而为了证明孰是孰非，我们开始了这项研究。
勒博维奇并没有按照常理出牌去研究蜘蛛。
但这次被蜘蛛吓到的经历让她对人类的大脑如何理解大小产生好奇—究竟是哪些因素对我们评判事物大小的标准产生影响呢?
恐惧是否也在其中起到关键作用呢?
因此她和同事们进行了一项实验，参与其中的试验者们必须说出照片中从家蝇到山羊相大小的蜘蛛到底有多大。
相比不害怕蜘蛛的受试者，对蜘蛛感到害怕的人认为这种生物更大一些。
但蜘蛛恐惧症者并不会错误判断蝴蝶或鸟类的体型。
而且尽管黄蜂非常危险，他们也不会认为黄蜂比实际要大一些。
这种错误的估计只针对蜘蛛。
似乎我们的情感驱使着我们用不同的方式体验着同一个世界。
这项研究已在《生物心理学》杂志上发表。
“现在我们可以探究原因，是什么原因造成这种情况呢?
是因为对蜘蛛的恐惧让你觉得它们看起来很大，还是第一次见到蜘蛛就觉得它们体积较大令你害怕?”
如果是后者，那么蜘蛛恐惧症也许可以通过训练更准确地判断蜘蛛的大小，这样也许能缓解他们的担忧。
有些人甚至认为看到蜘蛛很酷啊—至少不是很害怕。
1.pick up 捡起;接载
例句:He picked his cap up from the floor and stuck it back on his head.
他从地板上拾起帽子，重新戴在头上。
2.afraid of 害怕
例句:He was afraid of hurting my feelings.
他怕伤了我的心。
3.start to 开始
例句:I'll start to think about it when I have to write my report.
我要写报告时会对此予以考虑的。
4.talk about 谈论
例句:I had a long talk about this with my best friend.
我和我最好的朋友就此事进行了长谈。
2020托福听力练习：黑洞碰撞合并对引力波影响
The news last month that gravitational waves had been discovered made waves throughout the world of science.
The finding, from the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory, or LIGO, showed that extreme gravity can cause ripples in spacetime.
In the case studied, the extreme gravity came from two colliding black holes.
Now one scientist is suggesting an added wrinkle—that those two black holes might have originated in a single star.
“The situation is similar to a pregnant woman that has twin babies in her belly.”
Avi Loeb of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
He's proposing the idea in a paper that's been accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.
Loeb became suspicious because just 0.4 seconds after LIGO spotted the gravitational waves, a space telescope called Fermi glimpsed a bright flash of gamma-ray light in the same area of the sky.
“Detecting such a signal is quite surprising from a collision of two black holes.
What could be the source of a flash of light following a black hole merger?”
Colliding black holes should not produce such light—but the death of a very massive star could.
“My idea was that if the star is spinning very rapidly to start with, then as its core collapses it produces a bar that breaks into two clumps of matter, sort of like a dumbbell configuration. And these two clumps of matter orbit a common center, and they eventually collapse independently into two black holes.”
Of course, it's possible that the Fermi telescope signal was a false alarm.
So we'll see if future gravitational wave detections are also accompanied by flashes of light—supporting the idea that twin black holes collided upon the collapse of a massive star.
上个月人类首次直接探测到引力波的新闻在科学界激起了波澜。
这一在激光干涉引力波天文台(LIGO)上的重大发现,表明极限重力可以引发时空涟漪。
在这项研究中,这种极限重力来自两个黑洞的碰撞。
美国宇航局费米太空望远镜在引力波信号之后大约0.4秒检测到伽玛射线爆发.jpg
而现在一位科学家提出一种特别的理论，那就是这两个黑洞可能起源于同一颗恒星。
“这样的情况就好比一位怀有双胞胎的孕妇一样。
“哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的天体物理学家艾维·勒布说道。
在《天体物理学杂志》上发表的一篇研究中他提出了这样的观点。
勒布提出质疑是因为LIGO观测到引力波信号仅0.4秒后,费米太空望远镜就检测到伽玛射线爆发，而引力波和伽玛射线爆发均产生于同一片区域。
ab两图是通过数值求解爱因斯坦方程得到的双黑洞轨道演化.jpg
“检测这样一种来自两个黑洞碰撞的信号令人非常吃惊。
黑洞碰撞合并后闪光可能的来源是什么?”
碰撞的黑洞不应该产生这样的光芒，但一颗大质量恒星死亡后却可以。
“我的设想是,如果恒星的转速足够快，它的核心将伸展并呈现哑铃状，随后分裂为两个部分，每个部分单独形成一个黑洞。
当然,也存在费米太空望远镜所检测到的信号是一次假警报的可能。
因此如果未来的引力波探测也伴随闪光，支持两个黑洞相撞可能来自于一颗大质量恒星消亡的产物，我们将对此拭目以待。
1.gravitational wave 引力波
例句:What will happen when a gravitational wave was found by my computer?
如果一个引力波被我的电脑找到了(计算出来了)，会怎么样?
2.come from 来自
例句:I come from the north.
我是北方人。
3.black hole 黑洞
例句:Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory.
从该星系中心收到的无线电信号证实了黑洞理论。
4.start with 开始
例句:To work out a plan, one has to start with investigation.
制定计划要从调查研究入手。
篇2：托福听力这些常见教材如何使用
托福听力这些常见教材如何使用?用法正确更能助力提分
官方真题Official
TOEFL PRACTICE ONLINE
官方真题Official是为参加托福考试以及想要提高专业英语水平的人提供的一个全真模拟托福网考考试平台。官方真题Official都是ETS之前考过的真题，对于考前模拟和复习具有很大的价值。很多同学会把官方真题Official作为刷题工具，做完题、对完答案就开始刷下一套，半年就陷入了无题可做的尴尬局面。
但是如果我们能仔细推敲官方真题Official的每一篇听力，沉下心来分析出题点，弄懂每篇听力的内在逻辑，把生词都摘出来背熟，一般只要能坚持做上20套官方真题Official，听力就会有很大提升。
使用方法：
1. 做一篇官方真题Official听力;
2. 打印出听力原文，用红笔划出逻辑词和出题点;
3. 对照答案，分析错题。总结哪些地方是可以听懂但是漏听的;哪些地方是单词认识但是没做出的;哪些地方是完全听不懂的。
4. 针对上面的几种情况进行训练：找逻辑词，思考为什么会在这个地方出题;查找对应的语法;查找生词，多听几遍;
5. 再做一遍看是否全对;
6. 用简单的英文或中文复述全文;
7. 摘录所有的生词并背诵
SSS
Scientific American's Sixty-second Science
取乎其上,得乎其中;取乎其中,得乎其下;取乎其下,则无所得矣。
我们只有设立更高的目标，才能得到更好的结果，托福听力也不例外。60秒的科学美国人是托福听力出题的重要来源，而且它的语速是要快于官方真题Official的，习惯了它的语速之后，再去听官方真题Official，就会觉得世界竟然如此清晰，托福竟然如此友好。
使用方法：
1.第一遍，盲听，找到关键词;
2.第二遍，争取知道大致内容;
3.第三遍，一句一句地听写;
4.将听写好的材料与原文进行对比，看看那些地方写错了;
5.最后再听一遍，达到可以用简单的英文或者中文复述的程度。
TED
Technology, Entertainment and Design
TED 演讲的主旨是：Ideas worthspreading. 每年3月，TED大会在北美召集众多科学、设计、文学、音乐等领域的杰出人物，分享他们关于技术、社会、人的思考和探索。我们一般用TED的演讲材料做泛听。
使用方法：
1. 第一遍，关闭字幕，理解讲座大意;
2. 第二遍，对照字幕，修正偏差。
CNN
Students News
从时事政治到生活琐事，包罗万象，语速、词汇量适中。CNN官网上每个工作日都会更新一期节目，而且每期节目都带有完整的听力文本。
BBC
6 Minute English
BBC电台为非母语英语爱好者们开设了每周系列节目，每期节目只有6分钟，内容丰富，难度适中。两位主持人会针对一个主题进行简单的讨论。
2020托福听力练习：蜜蜂通过味道给花粉排名
Walk through Times Square—you're bombarded with advertising. And it turns out, a bumblebee might have a similar feeling, buzzing through a field of flowers. “So these flowers are these billboards, they're advertising a good, this delicious nectar reward, and bees are very picky shoppers.” Anne Leonard, a pollination biologist at the University of Nevada, Reno.
She describes a flower field as a sort of pollination marketplace. And one way bees choose where to visit? “Bees are nectar experts. They are really good at assessing even really small differences in the sugar concentration of nectar.” They also scope out the shape and size of the flowers, and their color and scent. And now Leonard and her colleagues have discovered that bumblebees are pollen aficionados, too.
They found that out by lacing batches of cherry pollen with either table sugar or bitter quinine. And to display the pollen to bees, “We got really into it—we started 3-D printing flowers in our lab.” And for the anther—the male flower part, which presents the pollen—pipe cleaners. “So we bought out Michael's craft store supplies of these pipe cleaners and used them in our experiments.”
Turns out bees would return again and again to the same color flower that dispensed sweet pollen, and spend more time collecting there. But when confronted with the bitter pollen? They sought a different colored flower for their very next stop. All of which suggests that, in addition to savoring nectar, bees taste pollen too—and judge flowers by it. The results are in the journal Biology Letters.
The finding means that plants have to find a happy medium: “So can you make your pollen attractive enough that the bees will collect it, but distasteful enough that they won't collect too much of it?” And that balancing act, of carefully calibrated chemistry—it's just one of the many transactions that plays out in the buzzing pollination marketplace. Where the object is to make a sweet profit.
走过纽约时代广场，你会被广告不断侵扰。事实证明，熊蜂在嗡嗡地飞过花田时，可能会有类似的感觉。“因为这些花朵就像是那些广告牌，它们在为这些美味可口的花蜜打广告，而蜜蜂就是那些非常挑剔的消费者。”内华达州立大学雷诺分校的传粉生物学家安妮·伦纳德说道。
她将花田描述为一个授粉市场。蜜蜂选择去哪里采集花蜜的方法是什么?“蜜蜂是花蜜专家。它们很擅长评估花蜜，即使花蜜糖的浓度存在微小的区别它们也能感觉到。”它们还能确定花的形状、大小、颜色和气味。现在伦纳德和她的研究团队发现，熊蜂也是花粉爱好者。
他们通过给不同批次分别含有甜蔗糖和苦奎宁的樱桃花粉系上标签的方法进行研究，并得到了上述结论。为了向蜜蜂展示花粉，“我们进行了非常深入地研究，我们开始在实验室用3D技术打印花朵。”在花药部分，也就是呈现出花粉的雄花部分使用清管器。“所以我们购买了迈克尔工艺品店的清管器，将这些清管器应用到我们的实验中。”
实验证明，蜜蜂会在含有甜蔗糖花粉的相同颜色花朵间重复往返，并且花费更多的时间来采集。那它们遇到含有苦奎宁的花粉时会怎样呢?它们会在下一次停留时寻找一种与之颜色不同的花朵。所有这一切表明，除了品尝花蜜，蜜蜂也会品尝花粉的味道，并且通过花粉来对花朵进行评估。该研究结果刊登在《生物学快报》杂志上。
该研究结果表明，植物必须找到一个折中的办法：“你能让你的花粉有足够的吸引力，让蜜蜂来采集，但是又让花粉不太合口，确保蜜蜂不会采集太多吗?”这一精确校准化学的平衡做法，只是蜜蜂授粉市场上进行的众多交易中的其中一种。该市场的目标是获得“甜蜜”的利润。
重点讲解：
1. be good at 擅长的;精通的;能干的;
例句：The conductor is good at keeping the players together.
乐队指挥善于使表演者奏协调。
2. buy out 买下…的股权(或产权);
例句：The bank had to pay to buy out most of the 200 former partners.
银行不得不花钱买下过去200名合伙人手中的大部分股权。
3. be confronted with (问题、任务或困难)降临，使面临;
例句：There is always turmoil when humans are confronted with change.
当人类面对改变的时候，总是有混乱。
4. in addition to 另外;加之;除…之外;
例句：In addition to the radio, newspapers were also a main source for information.
除了无线电广播外，报纸也是一种主要信息来源。
5. play out (使)(戏剧性的事件)逐渐发生;(使)展开;
例句：We play out an imaginary confrontation in our mind.
我们的脑海中浮现出一种想象的冲突。
2020托福听力练习：海豚通过鼻涕粘液发声
Sometimes a snout full of snot can be just what the doctor ordered. At least if you're a dolphin. Because a new study shows that a little bit of mucus helps these marine mammals generate the rapid-fire stream of clicks they emit and use for echolocation.
First off, let's just get this out of the way. Dolphins do not actually sound like this. [Flipper laugh sound] That's a made-for-TV giggle that some say is actually the doctored call of a bird: the Australian kookaburra.
Real dolphins, like these bottlenoses, sound more like this. [Bottlenose sounds] They use their clicks, chirps and whistles to navigate, communicate and to catch their next meal. The high-frequency clicks, in particular, help Flipper and his kind locate and track fish dinners.
Dolphins make these sounds by forcing air through a nasal passage just beneath the blowhole. In this nasal region are liplike flaps of tissue called dorsal bursae that vibrate and collide to produce dolphin talk.
Now, a team of researchers has created a simplified model that can reproduce this characteristic dolphin chatter. And they found that the secret ingredient is snot.
While looking through the literature, oceanographer Aaron Thode stumbled across a model that represented vocal cords as masses connected by springs—which store and release energy—and dampers, which dissipate that energy. This model successfully replicated the essential characteristics of the system, like the frequency of vocal cord vibration.
So Thode enlisted his father Lester, a retired nuclear physicist from Los Alamos National Lab, to help him fit the model to a dolphin's nasal anatomy. When the Thodes compared the simulated sounds produced by their model to a recording of actual dolphins, they found that the model mimicked both the loud thump and extended ring that are part of the natural click. That's the sound, but slowed down to make it audible to our ears.
The initial thud comes from when those dorsal bursae collide. And the reverberation results from the vibrations that linger when the tissues pull apart. But Thode the younger says the bursae have to be somewhat sticky for the clapping together and snapping apart to produce a noise with the correct loudness and pitch. That stickiness comes courtesy of the mucus. Thode vocalized the results at the meeting of the Acoustical Society in Salt Lake City.
The match between the simulated sounds and the real deal is encouraging, and the Thodes plan to keep up their collaboration to refine their model. “Yeah, I guess some fathers and sons bond over football, but my dad and I, I guess we bonded over differential equations and writing this paper.”
如果你是一只海豚，医生会要求你鼻子里充满鼻涕。因为一项新研究表明，一点粘液有助于这些海洋哺乳动物发出急速连续的咔哒声并利用回声进行定位。
首先，我们要说明一下。海豚实际上并不会发出这样的声音。(海豚飞宝的笑声)这种咯咯的笑声出自一部电视电影，有人说那实际上是用澳大利亚笑翠鸟的叫声伪造的。
真正的海豚，像这些宽吻海豚，它们的声音听起来更像这样。(宽吻海豚的声音)它们通过发出的咔哒声、啾啾声和口哨声来进行导航、交流和捕食。尤其高频咔哒声可以帮助海豚飞宝和它的同类进行定位，追踪用作晚餐的鱼类。
海豚迫使空气穿过气孔之下的鼻道制造出声音。海豚的鼻区有被称为背侧黏液囊的唇形片状瓣膜，通过振动和碰撞让海豚能够“讲话”。
现在，一个研究小组建立了一个可重现海豚叫声特征的简化模型。他们发现，秘密成分是鼻涕。
在浏览文献时，海洋学家亚伦·索德偶然发现了一个模型，这个模型将声带描绘成由弹簧相连、可以储藏和释放能量的集块，以及消散能量的阻尼器。这一模型成功地复制了发声系统的基本特征，如声带振动的频率。
索德的父亲是美国洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室的退休核物理学家，索德邀请他的父亲莱斯特加入研究，帮助他使这个模型与海豚的鼻部解剖构造相符合。当他们将模型产生的模拟声音与海豚真实声音的录音进行比较时，他们发现，这个模型模拟的撞击声和延长形成的环状结构就是海豚发出的咔哒声的一部分。这就是模型发出的声音，不过我们放慢了速度让大家可以听清。
最初的撞击声来自背侧黏液囊的碰撞。而回声则来源于组织分离时产生的振动。不过小索德认为，黏液囊必须要有足够的粘性，一下靠拢又分开，才能产生这种声音并达到正确的音量和音高。这种粘性来自粘液。索德在盐湖城举行的声学学会上发表了这一研究成果。
模拟声音与海豚原声的匹配度令人鼓舞，索德父子计划继续合作下去，完善他们的模型。“我认为有些父子因足球而亲密，而我爸爸和我是因为微分方程和撰写这篇论文而亲密起来的。”
重点讲解：
1. in particular 尤其;特别;
例句：She stressed that point in particular.
她特别强调了那一点。
2. stumble across 意外发现;偶然看见;
例句：I stumbled across an extremely simple but very exact method for understanding where my money went.
我意外发现了一个非常简单却能精确了解我所花钱去向的方法。
3. part of 一些;部分;
例句：The astronaut accepted danger was part of the job.
太空人承认他们的工作中包含著危险。
4. keep up 继续做(或提供);
例句：You can't keep up the pretense any longer.
你无法继续伪装下去了。
篇3：托福听力常见词汇
图书馆：
library图书馆
librarian图书管理员
publication 出版物
periodical 期刊
magazine 杂志
book catalogue 图书目录
classified catalogue 分类目录
bibliography 参考书目
title index 书目索引
alphabetic index 按字母顺序排列的索引
circulation desk 借书处
reserved books 馆藏书(只能在图书馆内借阅)
library card 借书证
overdue fine 过期罚金
periodical reading room 期刊阅览室
online journal 在线期刊
video tape 录像带
back issue 过期杂志
current issue近期杂志
archive 档案
non-fiction 非小说类文学作品
science-fiction 科幻小说
copier 复印机
check out 办理(借、还)手续
renew 续借
overdue 过期
interlibrary service 馆际服务部分名称
information desk n.服务台
delivery/circulation desk借书台
shelf n.书架
photocopy room复印室
return area 还书处
students locker 学生存储间
reference section 参考书部
篇4：托福听力常见单词
Geology 地质学
Slide n. 滑坡
Landslide n.山体滑坡
Mud 泥土, soil 土壤
Earth n. 土
Sink v.下沉
Ground water 地下水
Irrigation n. 灌溉
Freeze, froze, frozen v.冷冻
Melt v.融化 molten
Gravity n.重心
Aggravate v.加重
Lean v.倾斜
Slope n.斜坡
Steep adj.陡峭
Erode v., erosion n.腐蚀
Fossil n.化石
Dinosaur n.恐龙
Sediment, deposit 沉淀物
Marble 大理石
granite 花岗岩
Ore 矿石
Stalactite 钟乳石
Refine v. 提炼
Platinum v. 铂金
Seismology 地震学
Vibration, tremor, 震动
Wave 波动
Volcano, volcanic 火山，火山的
Volcanic eruption 火山喷发
Magnitude 级数
Collision n.碰撞
Active adj.积极的
Dormant adj.休眠的
Extinct adj. 熄灭的
Magma n.岩浆
Lava n.岩浆
Erupt v.喷发
explode v.爆炸 (explosion)
boom n.爆炸
Blast n.爆炸
Avalanche n.雪崩
篇5：托福听力常见单词
地球科学
Earth’s interior 地球的内部
Seismic waves地震波
Compression 压缩
Shear (a deformation of an object in which
parallel planes remain parallel but are shifted
in a direction parallel to themselves)
Slow down 减慢速度
Reflect 反射
Depth深度
Density 密度
Boundary边界
Mantle 地幔
Crust 地壳
Core地心
Continental plate 大陆板块
Tectonic plate (地球表面的)构造板块
Continental drift 大陆漂移
Layer, strata 层
Stratify 分层
Crack 裂缝
Molten lava 融化的岩浆
Climatic shift=
Climatic changes气候变化
Consistent pattern 统一的， 始终一致的
Solar energy太阳能
Radiate 发射，放射
Crude approximation 大概的猜测
Speculation猜测
Cooling down 冷却
Mechanism 机制
Length of the day
Physical force 体力
Imaginary line 虚拟线
Artificial reservoir 人工水库
Latitude
Redistribute再分配，再分布
Spin 快速旋转
Minerals 矿物质
Diverse 多样的
Specimen，Sample 样品
Abundant 丰富的
Glassy像玻璃的
Amazon stones天河石
Firing vapor 炙热的水蒸汽
Wipe out 根除，彻底消灭
Mt Everest 珠穆朗玛峰
Elevation 海拔，海拔增高
Precise measurement 精确的测量
Global Positioning System全球定位系统
Longitude 经度
Latitude 维度
Alternative sources of energy 可替代资源
Gas hydrate气体水合物
Trap 困住
Flame 火焰
Potential 潜在的
Model 模式
Geological fault地质断层
Crack 裂缝
seismic gap地震活动空白地带
postulate 假设
chunk 大块
cylinder 圆柱
cylindrical 圆柱形的
ground tilt measurement 地倾斜观测
evacuate 撤出
sedimentary adj. 沉淀性的
accumulate 积累
★ 如何提高托福听力
★ 托福听力高分心得
托福听力这些常见惯用语你认识吗（共5篇）
