【导语】“热耳坠”通过精心收集,向本站投稿了6篇GRE写作常用素材盘点,以下是小编精心整理后的GRE写作常用素材盘点,希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1:GRE写作常用素材盘点
GRE写作常用素材盘点
1. Waste not,want not.
俭以防匮。
2. From saving comes having.
富有来自节俭。
3. A penny saved is a penny gained.
省一文是一文。
4. Take care of the pence and the pound will take care of themselves.
金钱积少便成多。
5. Frugality is an estate alone.
节俭本身就是一宗财产。
6. He that regards not a penny,will lavish a pound.
小钱不知节省,大钱将滥花。
7. Small gains bring great wealth.
积小利,成巨富。
8. Many a little makes a mickle.
积少便成多。
9. As the touchstone tries gold,so gold tries man.
试金之石可试金,正如黄金能试人。
10.Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue.
勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。
11.The path to glory is always rugged.
光荣之路常坎坷。
12.Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
世上无难事,只要人肯试。
13.The fire is the test of gold;adversity of strong man.
烈火试真金,困苦炼壮士。
14.Great hopes make great man.
远大的希望造就伟大的人物。
15.No way is impossible to courage.
勇士面前无险路。
16.A smooth sea never made a skillful mariner.
平静的大海决不能造就出熟练的水手。
17.The good seaman is known in bad weather.
坏天气下才能识得出良好的海员;要识好海员,须凭坏天气。
18.The best hearts are always the bravest.
行为最勇敢的人心地总是最善良。
19.We must not lie down,and cry,God help us.
求神不如求己。
20.He that falls today may be up again tomorrow.
今天跌倒的人也许明天就会站起。
21.Rome was not built in a day.
罗马并非一日可建成;坚持必成。
22.Success belongs to the persevering.
胜利属于坚忍不拔的人。
23.We must repeat a thousand and one times that perseverance is the only road to success.
我们要多次重申:不屈不挠是取得胜利的唯一道路。
24.Perseverance is failing nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth.
十九次失败,到第二十次获得成功,这就叫坚持。
25.Step by step the ladder is ascended.
登梯需要逐级登。
26.Adversity leads to prosperity.
困苦通向昌盛。
27.Patience and application will carry us through.
忍耐和专心会使我们度过难关。
28.Fortune often rewards with interest those that have patience to wait for her.
做事只要有耐心,到头总会有好运;耐心候好运,好运常会来。
29.All things will come round to him who will but wait.
只要肯等待,一切都会按时来。
30.Constant dropping wears the stone.
滴水不绝可穿石。
GRE写作如何审好题
一些学生在完成书面表达题时,习惯提笔就写,用母语思维,结果错误百出,写出许多汉语式的句子。因此在新GRE写作的训练中,学生要严格按照一定的模式或者写作步骤来进行。严格按步进行训练,养成良好的写作习惯,才能保证学生写出规范的短文。
步骤一:审题
GRE考试中,审题最基本,最关键,也是最重要的。
一审新GRE写作文章的文体和格式,如书信有求职信、推荐信、回复信等,还有人物介绍、看图说明等等不同要求的写作题材,弄清文章的文体和格式是重要前提。
二审新GRE写作文章内容,先对题中的信息进行筛选,哪些是有用信息,哪些是无用信息,然后把有用信息按一定顺序分小点列出来。
步骤二:遣词造句
1. 根据审题步骤所列出的内容要点,列出文章中可能要用到的关键词语(如动词、短语等)
2. 列出文章中可能用到的句型
3. 列出文章中可能用到的语句间的连接词
4. 按内容要点顺序和所列词语、句型写出单句
步骤三:串句成文
这是新GRE作文完成的关键步骤。不能只是简单翻译内容要点,要作一些适当发挥,使整篇文章既有“骨架”,又有“血肉”。同时应注意以下几点:
1. 注意新GRE作文整体的时态运用,整篇文章的时态应该保持一致性。
2. 注意短文的布局谋篇。恰当的段落划分,前后语句的连贯,句型的选择,连接词的运用,使文章层次分明,语言畅通,连接恰当,最终为文章增色出彩。
步骤四:通读检查
这是完善新GRE写作任务的最后步骤。通读文章的同时,检查前后内容是否连贯,语言是否畅通,段落划分是否分明,句型及连接词的运用是否恰当,时态运用是否一致,标点符号是否规范等等。完成了这些检查并作出修改订正,一定会使全文更加规范、更加自然流畅。
重视新GRE写作训练的多样化
“听、说、读、写”四种技能是相互依赖的,因而应该在GRE考试的复习阶段同时进行训练。学生只有进行大量听和读的训练,才能达到足够的规范的语言材料的输入,才能保证学生进行较好的说和写的语言输出。同时训练的多样化能够让学生更加有信心、有趣味地完成各项训练任务。例如,听过一段对话后,让学生用短文的形式记录下对话的主要内容,学过一篇较长的课文后,让学生对课文进行缩写或口头进行复述等等。进行各种训练的同时,要求学生注意人称、语态、时态、前后逻辑关系等的正确运用。这样既能锻炼学生语言的口头、书面表达能力,又能提高学生篇章结构的组织能力,从而提高写作能力。
如何对待GRE写作高频题目
很多同学在备考GRE作文的时候,之所以对“高频”情有独钟,实际上思想根源还是希望能减少工作量,说得通俗一点,也就是还是抱有“投机取巧”的心理。这些同学的想法往往是:GRE官方的题库给出的200多道题太多了,看高频可以减低我的工作量(也就是不需要把200多道题目都看完),如果在考试的时候遇到高频题目,而我正好写过的话,那么分数就是有保证的。或者,至少比写一篇完全没有看过的文章要强。如果我们把这些同学的看法当做一个论证的过程来找找其中的逻辑问题的话,大家就能明白为什么我说“高频只是个传说了”。
在这个论证过程中,同学首先假设了一个前提,就是“写一篇已经写过的文章得到高分的可能性大于写一篇没有写过的文章”。可是,我们考虑一下,如果本身这篇文章从一开始按照这个同学的分析思路,包括写作的语言就存在巨大问题的话,那么,即使是考试的时候照着抄一遍,分数也仍然会是很低的。因此,只有当你的写作思路正确,分析过程正确,语言表达正确这几个条件都满足的时候,对于题目的熟练程度,或者是否写过某个题目的作文,才会影响到最后的分数。当然,我们还同时忽略了考场上的临场状态的变化问题。而反之,如果一个考生有正确的分析思路和写作思路,有比较好的语言表达能力,那其实考试的时候是否写过某个题目就变得不重要了,因为最终他的能力会很好地解决题目熟悉程度的问题。比如我们所熟悉的高考(论坛)语文中进行的作文测试,我们实际上是完全不知道考试会出现什么题目的,我们平时练习的时候,也基本上不会考虑考试的时候是否会遇到同样的题目,但是最终,写作能力比较好,思维方式比较正确,知识面比较宽的同学往往会在作文中得到高分。从这个角度来看,实际上在准备作文的过程中,练习的题目是否是高频并不重要,而重要的是,是否通过练习形成了正确的分析思路,写作思路,并且让语言的表达正确。
其次,很多人也认为“高频”题目在考试时被抽到的可能性更大,并且还有人会计算题目出现的概率。为了让大家都能看明白,我不会在这里建立一个模型来计算什么题目出现的概率较大,我们只考虑如下的一些问题。首先,ETS在从开放题库中抽取题目给考生的时候,是一种随机的选择方式,那么,每个题目被抽取到的概率是完全一样的。而现在并没有证据表明ETS在抽取题目的时候采用了任何优先级策略,所以我们不能对此作出主观假设。第二,从目前的高频统计方式来看,存在着很大的漏洞。据我所了解的情况,基本上是部分考生在考试结束后,在一些论坛或者BBS上发帖子,来说自己考到了什么题目,然后由一些热心的网友来进行人工统计,最后得到了所谓的“高频”题目。
大家不妨计算一下每天有多少人去参加GRE的作文考试,一年下来又有多少人参加作文考试,其中在网上发布题目的人的比例有多少,而发布出来的题目被统计的又有多少。如果这些数据本身都没有确切值的话,那么统计的样本首先就是存在问题的。而“高频” 的出现,很可能是“马太效应”的结果,即在很长一段时间里面,A题目被大多数人关注,于是成为了“高频”的一部分,于是,有人考到了这个题目,在网上发了帖子,那么这个题目的关注度继续上升。而那些“低频”的题目,即使有人发了,也没人去关注,但是很可能在一段时间后,某个“低频”的题目其实出现的频率很高了,但是却依然没有人去关注它。因此,要想得到科学的统计,必须有一个平台,来随时完整统计大多数人在考试中遇到的题目的情况,并且实时更新,才能得到较为准确的数据。
因此,在备考GRE作文的过程中,其实是否准备网络流传的“高频”题目并不重要,而重要的是,无论准备什么题目,都能有正确的思考路径和分析方法,并且能够用正确的语言来表达自己的想法。当系统化的思维方式和准确的语言表达习惯形成的时候,无论什么题目都没有问题。此外,如果希望消除题目熟练度的影响,大量阅读题目,并且写作提纲是必要的,其中也包括对题目的分析和简单的逻辑结构梳理。
篇2:GRE写作素材怎么积累
GRE写作素材怎么积累
Should the Curriculum Be Standardized for All?
亲爱的朋友们,当你看到这个问题时,你能想到一个大问题吗?没错,官方问题库中的第6个问题是我们正在讨论的:
A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
看完问题你有什么想法吗?听起来像个主意,但没有原始资料?
事实上,教育家和哲学家已经就这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。让我们看看他们对这个问题的看法。
亲:
,gre写作方法支持这一主张的代表人物是 Mortimer J. Adler(1,美国哲学家、教育家、作家)。Adler 在 1982 年发布了 Paideia Proposal,主张使用统一的课程体系和教学方法。(注:Paideia 源于古希腊文化,指教育和培养理想的城邦公民。)
他认为对所有的学校来说,gre写作技巧,gre考试培训基础教育的目的应该是相同的,即社会应该给所有学生提供充足的个人发展机会、将所有学生培养成为能够履行公民义务的好公民、所有(或绝大部分)学生都能有一份得以谋生的工作。而 Adler 认为当时的教育体系在这些方面做得很失败。为了实现这些目标,他认为基础教育应该是具有普遍性的、能够扩展心智的(general and liberal),而不该是单纯的职业或技术的训练。因此需要有一个统一的、强制的、面向所有学生的基础教育课程,这样的教育能够促进民主社会的发展。
Adler 在 Paideia Proposal 中提出了应该统一实行的三种教学和学习的模式:
在第一个模型中,学生学习关于自然,人类和人类社会。主要的教学方法是使用课本和指南,以didoverride为主。教师在课堂上向学生提问,观察学生对知识的掌握情况,并通过多种方式对学生的掌握情况进行测试。
第二种模式注重培养学生的学习技能,gre写作技巧,gre考试培训包括所有的语言技能、思维和沟通所必需的数学和科学技能,以及观察、测量、估计和计算的技能,以及使用计算机和其他科学工具的技能。这些技能使人们能够清晰而理性地思考。在这种模式下,单纯依靠课本和辅导已不再合适。辅导应与辅导结合使用。
第三种模式重点在加深学生对于 ideas 和 values 的理解。这一阶段的学习材料是书(但不是教科书)以及其他艺术作品,包括各种类型的书(历史、科学、哲学)、诗歌、音乐、视觉艺术、戏剧作品、舞蹈、影视作品等。,gre写作方法前两种教学方法都不再适用于第三种模式,此时应该采用苏格拉底式的教学法(Socratic or .eutic)—— 在这个模式下不该有学生坐在教室里、老师站在讲台上的场景,而是学生和老师围坐在一个桌子周围就一些问题进行提问和讨论(seminar)。
该提案发布后,引发了广泛的讨论(这也是一个很好的积累材料):
Launchong Paideia in Chattanooga(Cynthia M. Gettys)
Educational Leadership(Anne Wheelock)
Performing for Yourself and Others: The Paideia Coached Project(Terry Roberts, Audrey Trainor)
GRE写作:评分须知
(1) complexity:事物的两面性(同一事物有优点就有缺点,相比较的事物有各自的优缺点),从多角度分析事物(分析不同领域中,不同情况下)。论点一边倒的文章论述得再好也只能得5分。
(2) insightful position:在有全面深刻理解的基础上,观点最好新颖独到(对ets来说),但必须保证能自圆其说。
(3) conveys meaning skillfully:可用于论证的一切技巧(估计老美自己用起来也得费点心思)。比如文章的行文方向,起承转合不用明显的标志词(first, second, however, on the other hand, the second example illustrating my point),而是依靠论述的内在脉络(只可意会不可言传)自然而然的引到下一块内容。
(4) compelling reasons(reason就已经够令人头疼的了,有加了个compelling):这是最重要的一个得分点。
(5) persuasive examples:用来支持reason的,使抽象的reason更具体,更易被读者理解,从而产生共鸣,或使其更可信,更有说服力。可用的例子有自己的经历,引言。
(6) well-focused:简单说就是不跑题。中心论点明确,全文不跑题;各段主题句明确,围绕主题句论述。
(7) well-organized:文章采用的论述结构,分几个部分论述,每部分有几段,各部分、各段间的关系是什么。
(8) connecting ideas logically:using transitional phrases起承转合词,过渡句,或有此种作用的句子,总之起到help organize the ideas and move the argument forward。
(9) 跟着感觉走没错。
(10) 不要罗嗦,表达简洁。但如果以上几点做得好,这缺点可以忽略不计。
(11) 基本上挺难,但不影响大局,为避免重复大胆的用你想用的词,阅卷人能理解。
(12) sentence variety:最好长短句结合,ets藐视总用短句的人:Since most of the sentences are short and choppy, the ideas they try to communicate are also choppy.
(13) 还有语法错误等等,小毛病,先把上面的问题解决好在理它吧。
其他问题:
.没有十分地把握,不要乱下定义,严重的损害议论文严谨的文风。
.ets讨厌重复:不论是内容上还是形式上,总结也要做到避免重复有层次,先表面后深刻,先分段后整体。
GRE写作高分范文:教育的意义
Education developed from the human struggle for survival and enlightenment. It may be formal or informal. Informal education refers to the general social process by which human beings acquire the knowledge and skills needed to function in their culture. Formal education refers to the process by which teachers instruct students in courses of study within institutions.
The proper aim of education is to promote significant learning. Significant learning entails development. Development means successively asking broader and deeper questions of the relationship between oneself and the world.
篇3:GRE写作素材如何积累
GRE写作素材如何积累
Should the Curriculum Be Standardized for All?
亲爱的朋友们,当你看到这个问题时,你能想到一个大问题吗?没错,官方问练习题中的第6个问题是我们正在讨论的:
A nation should require all of its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the recommendation and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, describe specific circumstances in which adopting the recommendation would or would not be advantageous and explain how these examples shape your position.
看完问题你有什么想法吗?听起来像个主意,但没有原始资料?
事实上,教育家和哲学家已经就这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。让我们看看他们对这个问题的看法。
亲:
,gre写作方法支持这一主张的代表人物是 Mortimer J. Adler(1,美国哲学家、教育家、作家)。Adler 在 1982 年发布了 Paideia Proposal,主张使用统一的课程体系和教学方法。(注:Paideia 源于古希腊文化,指教育和培养理想的城邦公民。)
他认为对所有的学校来说,基础教育的目的应该是相同的,即社会应该给所有学生提供充足的个人发展机会、将所有学生培养成为能够履行公民义务的好公民、所有(或绝大部分)学生都能有一份得以谋生的工作。而 Adler 认为当时的教育体系在这些方面做得很失败。为了实现这些目标,他认为基础教育应该是具有普遍性的、能够扩展心智的(general and liberal),而不该是单纯的职业或技术的训练。因此需要有一个统一的、强制的、面向所有学生的基础教育课程,这样的教育能够促进民主社会的发展。
Adler 在 Paideia Proposal 中提出了应该统一实行的三种教学和学习的模式:
在第一个模型中,学生学习关于自然,人类和人类社会。主要的教学方法是使用课本和指南,以didoverride为主。教师在课堂上向学生提问,观察学生对知识的掌握情况,并通过多种方式对学生的掌握情况进行测试。
第二种模式注重培养学生的学习技能,包括所有的语言技能、思维和沟通所必需的数学和科学技能,以及观察、测量、估计和计算的技能,以及使用计算机和其他科学工具的技能。这些技能使人们能够清晰而理性地思考。在这种模式下,单纯依靠课本和辅导已不再合适。辅导应与辅导结合使用。
第三种模式重点在加深学生对于 ideas 和 values 的理解。这一阶段的学习材料是书(但不是教科书)以及其他艺术作品,包括各种类型的书(历史、科学、哲学)、诗歌、音乐、视觉艺术、戏剧作品、舞蹈、影视作品等。,gre写作方法前两种教学方法都不再适用于第三种模式,此时应该采用苏格拉底式的教学法(Socratic or eutic)—— 在这个模式下不该有学生坐在教室里、老师站在讲台上的场景,而是学生和老师围坐在一个桌子周围就一些问题进行提问和讨论(seminar)。
该提案发布后,引发了广泛的讨论(这也是一个很好的积累材料):
Launchong Paideia in Chattanoa(Cynthia M. Gettys)
Educational Leadership(Anne Wheelock)
Performing for Yourself and Others: The Paideia Coached Project(Terry Roberts, Audrey Trainor)
反对:
反对者批判这种严格设定的课程体系、「工厂模式」的教育方式(factory model of schooling)。他们这样描述传统学校:a mindless, indifferent, social institution dedicated to producing fear, docility, and conformity。 他们认为在这种环境下,学习者要么会偏离这个统一课程体系;要么会按照学校设定的课程去学习,但这样学习的最终结果只是 achieve a hollow success。 他们批判国家强制实行统一的课程体系的原因有很多:认为这种做法忽视了个体差异(neglect of individual differences),存在无处不在的pervasive fori。他们还担心政府会对学习过程施加过多的影响。
gre写作怎么练反方中的代表人物是 John Holt(1,美国作家、教育家)。John 认为年轻人有权控制、管理他们自己的学习过程,也就是说他们有权自己决定他们想学什么内容、学习的时间地点、用什么方法、学习到什么程度、学习的进度以及想要什么样的帮助。他认为这种权利是人最基本的权利之一:学习的自由是自由思考的一部分,是比言论自由更为基本的一项权利。而强制所有学生去学校学习统一的课程是一种对公民自由权的侵犯。遗憾的是这种权利并没有被写入法律。 John 还指出并不是所有学生都适合去学校学习统一的课程,并举了一个孩子的校园经历给他的性格造成很糟糕的影响的例子。他也不同意「学校能保护学生使他们不受社会上的那些负面影响」这种说法,因为事实上整体来看校园同样存在着那些问题,学校在这个方面做得并不好。 John 是 unschooling 的支持者。他还有很多犀利的观点,这里不一一列举。有兴趣的朋友可以去读一读他的书 Instead of Education,Teach Your Own。
受到这些 reformers 的影响,当时也出现了一些新的教育模式,比如: free schools,urban storefront schools,commonwealth schools,huistic education projects 等等。
一些其他的引用:
No More Public School(Harold Bennett)
The Tyranny of Compulsory Schooling(Confederacy of Dunces)
Dumbing Us Down:The Hidden Curriculum of Compulsory Schooling(John Taylor Gatto)
School's Out:Hyperlearning, the New Technoly and the End of Education(Lewis J. Perel)
Notes: The End of School(George Leonard)
如何有效扩充GRE作文中的句子
说起写GRE作文的苦恼,你有没有经常觉得句子写不长?毕竟不是母语,写出来的句型偏简单,想要提高新GRE作文质量,做到GRE写作高分速成,下面新东方网GRE频道就教给大家一个GRE写作技巧,关于新GRE作文句子扩充的实用法则。
很多人苦恼句子写不长,一句话写下来才6~7个词不到,而且这还是用了前面说的in the first place的用法。怎么办?
举个例子,也通过扩充这个句子来阐述我所谓的写作的方法。
例子:Firstly, I agree with you.
比如有个学生要表达“首先我同意你”的这个意思,于是他写了这句话,再也写不下去了,不知道怎么办。
那好,首先,我再重申,不要去用那种很无聊的用in the first place替换firstly,因为这两个词都只不过是表达你下面要表达的内容的逻辑顺序,先说哪个后说哪个,重要但不是最重要的,别人要知道的是你首先要表达的到底是什么。如果你要想与众不同点可以把firstly改成primarily?词就显得高级了点。(但对老外来说差不多就是了)
再者就是重点了,写一个句子前你要问自己三个问题:1)你同意他到什么程度?非常同意,敷衍地同意,还是完全彻底的同意 2)你在哪个方面同意他?物质上,精神上,还是肉体上 3)同意他什么东西?他的意见,思维,行为,还是其他。4)什么样的意见?In short,当你写到这个同学的这个层面上的时候,只能说明你有了你要表达意思的框架,那你要表达的细节呢?相信大家其实都已经想好细节了,或者想都不用想心里一下就有谱了,但是因为是英语,所以大家怕于表达,哪怕是中文也懒于表达,为什么不表达出来呢!表达出来不就有字数了吗!而且把这些细节写出来,你整句话的表达就非常到位了,读者也能一下准确接受到你要表达的意思和深浅。而且这样的细节本身并不是为了凑字数用的,本来就是一种表达的需要,别人需要的是从你那里得到尽可能多的细节和信息。比如老板问你最近公司财务如何,你说还不错,老板会觉得你在敷衍他,因为你没有告诉他细节而他想知道的也是细节。同样的东西,写一句话你能尽可能得多问自己几个问题,多扣那些细节出来,那你表达不就到位了吗?
根据这个思路,我们来扩充一下这个同学的这句话:
比如说,我首先是完全同意你,再者我在精神上同意你,(可能物质上有困难),同意的是你的观点(可能你的行为我就不同意了),而且你的观点是独特的。这样一下,细节有了,就可以成句了。
Primarily, I totally agree with your unique opinion mentally.
这样句子就要八个词了,而这时候你只是不带感情的表达了你的意思,如果要再带上感情的表达,不就又有字数又有感情色彩了吗?这时候,还有一个问题,就是 agree with其实还不准确,没有力度,或者说不够细节化,没有一种倾向性强烈的感觉,如果改成support,虽然这个词很简单,但是明显比agree with更给人以力度,也更有倾向性,让人更明白你是支持他的而不仅是同意而已,这就涉及到用词到位准确的问题,这在后面的内容会提到。
Primarily, I totally support your unique opinion mentally, whether rightly or wrongly.
不管对错与否,首先我都在精神上完全支持你独特的观点。
这时候句子就有12个词了,而四六级的句子一般都在12个词左右,这样的句子不仅字数上够了,还表达到位了,何乐而不为呢?
还有是一个用词的问题,也是一个非常大的问题,这就需要大家去积累了,需要去背词什么的了。
第一,用词要准确到位,尽量不要用那些很泛意思的词,比如说do, is, make, get等
例子:I walk along the river under the moonlight.. (walk,river)
请注意walk这个词,让我们假想你是在忙完一天繁重的工作后,诗情画意的沿小河走,这时候walk便不足以表达你的放松和惬意,用中文说此时的walk就是散步,为什么不用amble呢?此时的amble更能说明你此时的心情而不仅仅是泛泛的走而已。同样的道理,river是泛指所有的河流,不分大小粗细,而如果你此时想那天你走的就是一条小溪而且那时确实很浪漫,brook是不是比river更加细节化而准确了呢?当然这都是基于你对词汇的掌握量和掌握的准确度有关,所以还是要下苦功夫去读去背。
所以成句后比较好的是:
I amble along the brook under the moonlight.
我在月光下沿着小溪散步
而用泛词或者不准确的表达会出现你的表达不准确甚至出丑,比如说你挤牛奶,写了get some milk from cattles,或者make some milk from cattles,翻译成中文就是从牛那儿搞点牛奶,或者取点牛奶,而且cattle是泛指所有的牛包括公牛和母牛(cow),是不是很可笑而且很不地道,文章自然也大失色彩,让人判为低级。
第二,副词(组)或从句的使用
很多时候的使用往往可以收到很好的效果。副词就是形容一个状态或者行动的词,它可以表示程度,情况,方面等等,所以一句话里加上一两个副词很多时候可以让表达更准确。当每句话都用副词的话,句子不就很千篇 一律了?副词和一些副词词组的替换使用可以克服这个问题。
比如前面的agree with的那个例子,mentally就很准确的告诉了别人你同意的是在精神的层面上,物质上等等其他的不一定同意,因为没钱或者其他原因,这就限定和细节化了你所要表达的意思的范围。而如果当你发现你已经有一句了hastily,而后面那句还要表达草率的程度时候,不妨换个in hasty,这样词就避免了重复。
To sum up, 要准确的表达你的意思,一定要做到的两点就是第一能尽可能多的在句子中填加你要表达的细节,这些细节表达了你所到说的意思的程度和范围等等,第二就是要用词准确到位,不要为了凑字数而去凑字数,而要想的是最准确的告诉读者你所要表达的所有意思。这也是交流的关键。
用好GRE写作高频话题也是艺术
新GRE作文高频话题的主要作用是:(1)学会快速形成行文逻辑并产生相应的模板(2)学会快速化套路化地展开分支观点(3)固定观点表达的段落、事例表述的段落都事先准备好,上场直接默写。
在备考新GRE作文的过程中,其实是否准备网络流传的“高频”题目并不重要,而重要的是,无论准备什么题目,都能有正确的思考路径和分析方法,并且能够用正确的语言来表达自己的想法。当系统化的思维方式和准确的语言表达习惯形成的时候,无论什么题目都没有问题。此外,如果希望消除题目熟练度的影响,大量阅读题目,并且写作提纲是必要的,其中也包括对题目的分析和简单的逻辑结构梳理。
上述就是对新GRE作文高频话题的作用的简单介绍,同时也希望考生能够正确对待高频话题,真正的掌握GRE作文做题的技巧和方法,并最终取得高分。
篇4:GRE写作如何积累素材
GRE写作如何积累素材打基础?
GRE写作备考打基础技巧:充分吸收范文精华
首先,GRE写作范文是我们每个考生都应该去准备的东西,它也是我们最好的备考素材。因此,我们平时接触的GRE阅读文章也是我们备考写作考试的素材库。要扎扎实实地提高英语GRE考试写作水平,就必须要以扎扎实实的阅读量为前提之一,必须体会地道的、漂亮的语言是怎么写出来的,通过对范文的语言内容和逻辑的理解来学习GRE考试写作中词汇的使用、句型的使用。GRE考试在阅读中,你有机会把语言与语言所包含的内容、思维方式联系起来。GRE作文范文中的一个词或者词组、句式,由于处在具体的语言环境中,你就能体会到它的确切内涵和外延,以及用法,通过不断的积累这些好词好句的用法,你的写作用词和炼句的能力就稳步的提高。
GRE写作备考打基础技巧:储备各类写作素材
GRE考试写作之所以有其独特的魅力,是因为他所考的题目特点涉及大量的哲学观点、宗教、政治、艺术、社会问题、历史现象,而且要求考生要有理有据的进行insightful分析和论证,如何做到insightful,你就必须对一些哲学观点有所了解,多读历史、哲学、政治等相关书籍,这样你自然能够分析地透彻、论证地很有说服力,同时对相关话题在知识储备上有所铺垫,否则将无从说起,无话可说。其次,GRE考试写作,有其是Issue写作对于论据的要求是非常高的,因此你的名人事例的储备,相关知识量的积累是非常重要的,历史长河中的大量的事例是你最有说服力的例证,这一环节也正是GRE考试的考生最为头疼的一部分,举不出支持自己的观点的例子,因此让自己的文章显得只有苍白的论证,缺乏说服力。
GRE写作:带着镣铐起舞
尼采曾说:
Dancing in all its forms cannot be excluded from the curriculum of all noble education: dancing with the feet, with ideas, with works, and, need I add that one must also be able to dance with the pen?
诚如尼采所言,好的教育应包含舞蹈:用脚跳舞,用思想跳舞,用言语跳舞,无需说,还需用笔跳舞。他所描绘的是最为理想的知识获取状态,也就是不仅熟悉了知识,掌握了知识,更是熟练运用知识驾驭知识。这当然最好不过,但也要应情况而定。
在笔者蔡蔡看来,GRE教学,旨在在短期内帮助学生提分,那么教师所扮演的角色实则为编舞,带领学生一起带着镣铐(读懂评分标准)翩翩起舞(精产优质作文),而非无章法可循(盲目乱刷题库),群魔乱舞(批量劣质作文)。也就是虽然要有一定的灵活度来演绎知识的魅力,更要切切实实有一些可复制可运用的内容。只有这样,考生才能有方向所寻,有内容可做,最后才能有分数所获。
GRE写作中的镣铐
官方指南所给的Issue部分的成文“镣铐”
1. Articulates a clear and insightful position on the issue in accordance with the assigned task
2. Develops the position fully with compelling reason and/or persuasive examples
3. Sustains a well-focused, well-organized analysis, connecting ideas logically
4. Conveys ideas fluently and precisely, using effective vocabulary and sentence variety
5. Demonstrates superior facility with the conventions of standard written English (grammar, usage, and mechanics) but may have minor errors
一言以蔽之,高分Issue要立场明确、有理有据、逻辑严密、语言多样、规范正式。
官方指南所给的Argument部分的成文“镣铐”1. Clearly identifies aspects of the argument relevant to the assigned task and examines them insightfully
2. Develops ideas cogently, organizes them logically, and connects them with clear transitions
3. Provides compelling and thorough support for its main points
4. Convey ideas fluently and precisely, using effective vocabulary and sentence variety
5. Demonstrates superior facility with the conventions of standard written English but may have minor flaws
简言之,高分Argument要找准槽点、充分驳斥、严密连贯、语言多样、规范正式。
镣铐之下,如何起舞?
Issue:排除槽点,让别人无槽可吐首先,Issue分析的话题涉及的领域很广泛,而考生们的知识储备量有限。所以,如果还有充裕的时间来准备GRE考试的话,一定要常看外报外刊如Economist、Times、New Yorker、Business Review,或者是像National Geography、Discovery这样的节目,从而拓展词汇量和背景知识储备。
其次,ETS在6分标准中提到的持续对话题进行有见地的(insightful)、深入的(in-depth)分析却需要真功夫,何为真功夫?其实就是考生的独立思考能力和批判性思维能力。GRE写作对写作立场倾向没有限制,可以支持反对,还可以中立,重在从自己的观点出发,批判性地展开分析。此外,有了观点和素材后,一定要充分展开,就好比是剥洋葱,层层剥开,有理有据,而非泛泛而谈,要构建好逻辑因果链条,从而完成一篇让人看到非常信服的Issue,不要漏洞百出,引人吐槽。
Argument:找别人的茬,让别人无茬可找Argument的内容涉及到天南海北,但是核心错误相对固定,因此可以以错误类型来分类或者按照题目指令分类。在174道Argument题库中,很多题目的基本表述是一样的(即论证过程是完全一样的),但是有不同的指令,如果没有完成具体的指令,即使文章写的很好,最高也只能得4分。因此,建议考生一定要读清楚指令。考试时间只有30分钟,Argument题干信息一般都比较长,所以功夫花在平时,对题目熟悉的话,就可以减少读题时间,而尽可能地多花时间在写作上。
Argument当然也可以选择加强,而非削弱,但考试时间有限,通常Argument都写成驳论文,也就是找茬。
领舞者(教师)的角色扮演
在笔者蔡蔡看来,从GRE写作备课到上课再到课后跟进,老师扮演着不同的角色,进行着角色扮演。在备课时,要把自己想象成是学生Put myself at the position of the students。上课时,尤其是输出项教学,以学生为导向上课时,老师应该将演讲者lecturer的角色转变为一个指导者instructor或者是facilitator,要以学生为中心,给学生们多一些思考空间和练习的机会Put the students to experience the learning process。课后跟进时,教师扮演的角色更像是一个监控者monitor和百事通resource,密切关注学生的学习过程,在学生遇到问题时给予适当的帮助,Put the emphasis on students' practice。
GRE写作实则是场舞林大会,不论是穿着水晶鞋的公主,还是赤脚起舞的王子;不论是身穿华服美衣的贵族,还是身着粗布烂衫的平民,只要戴好镣铐(读懂评分标准),掌握要领(把握得分要点),用心彩排(合理练习写作)皆可舞出自己的炫彩(收获理想的GRE写作分数)。
GRE作文范文:Consciously Reconnecting
There may be times when we feel like our connection to the universe is closed. Maybe things don’t seem to be going well in our day, or our lives, or we may feel out of our element. The truth is, the universe is always there for us. We know that we create our experience with our thoughts, and this is another way we need to make a conscious decision about how we want to experience life. It is up to us to do the work of making the connection, because nobody can do it for us, though sometimes the universe may send us wake-up calls.
You can think of it as getting some fresh air. We are always breathing and the air is always around us, surrounding us, moving through us. But we may need to step outside of where we are in the moment—physically, mentally, or emotionally—and make the conscious choice to take a deep breath in order to feel the air coming in and going out. Whether this means stepping outside physically or merely shifting our thoughts, it is only our perception that changes; the air remains the same.
It is just as easy to reconnect with the universe. Using the same technique as a breath of fresh air, a deep breath can bring us back to our center. As we inhale, we fill our bodies with the oxygen needed to replenish our most basic physical needs, allowing the air to circulate within us. Exhaling, we release the stale, the used, the potentially toxic air, removing any blocks that may keep us from going deeper into the stillness that lies at our center where we connect to the universe. Feeling closed off does not need to be a negative experience. When we become conscious of it, we can think of the wholeness of a closed circuit, which allows electricity to connect and flow properly. Our bodies work the same way, and when we make that connection in our minds, it can help bring us back to the connection we seek.
GRE
篇5:gre写作的丢分点盘点
gre写作的丢分点盘点
1. gre写作丢分点之论证不足
gre考试写作Argument即驳论文,需要对题干进行全面的审查,找到原文中论述的一些逻辑漏洞加以攻击。查找漏洞,提出论点,阐述论证确立自己的观点的过程就叫做论证。换句话说,论证就是用一个或一些已知为真的判断确定另一个判断的真实性的思维过程。所谓论证过程,就是用严格的逻辑规则由论据得出论点的过程。所以,如果论点的得出过程理由不够充分,或论点总结不够准确,这篇文章的论证过程就是不严谨的。
gre写作虽然主要是针对逻辑错误进行攻击和论证,但只是理论上的论述会显得文章死板,不易理解,适当的举例会让论证显得更加具有说服力,同时也能丰富文章内容,提升文章的可读性。
2. gre写作丢分点之缺少论据
gre写作要求考生论证充分,论据有力,考生基本上都能够针对找出的逻辑错误进行充分论证,但是缺少例子和细节,文章说理就会显得十分苍白无力,所以gre写作分数不高,也有可能是这份不造成的。
论据就是为论点提供的证据,通过论据,可以加深论点的准确性,使论点更加准确,更加能够让人信服。所以考生要在文章中尽量做到细节的丰富和量化,很多时候细致的例子能够弥补遣词造句上的不足。具体应做到以下几点:
1)论据要来源于生活,要具有生动的论述效果。不能过于空洞,也不能脱离现时,否则就失去了举例的意义。
2)要客观表达。虽然来源于身边社会,但不能主观臆断。
3) gre写作中举例常见的表达方式如for example,/for instance, (后加句子)Such as/ like (后加词组),Take... as an example, A case in point is that...等。
3. gre写作丢分点之逻辑混乱
考生在进行gre写作之前,一定要先把题干弄明白,准确找出题干中的逻辑错误,然后再进行下一步的写作,这对于把握gre写作的文章内容和逻辑思维非常重要。考生需要审好题,审清题在很大程度上关系到整篇文章的成败,绝不可以掉以轻心。不仅要仔细研究题目,还要结合gre写作常见的逻辑七宗罪进行仔细分析。首先要明确文章要写的内容,这是保证整篇文章切题的关键;其次,确定文章所需的主语人称,人称混乱是中国考生常犯的一个错误;第三,注意文章对动词的时态、语气的特殊要求。
gre写作更注重的是文章的整体感觉,从备考指导中的高分作文范例可以看出,即使整个论述只有1条主线,只要前后联接得自然流畅,并能一步一步引导读者向结论靠近,就是好文章。增强gre写作的逻辑性考生可以从以下几个方面入手:
1) 掌控题目中的逻辑链。这是gre写作的根本,也是前提。
2)根据逻辑漏洞的个数列出文章的主要提纲。这样既能体现出文章结构的清晰,又能在内容上体现出详略得当,顺序合理。
3)根据所列提纲进行逻辑论证时重中之重。
GRE作文范文:如何避免偏激
Most people often look for similarities, even between very different things, and even when it it is unhelpful or harmful to do so. Instead, a thing should be considered on its own terms: we should avoid the tendency to compare it to something else.
GRE作文范文参考:
In the age of accelerating changes, the eagerness to understand things in an effective and equally efficient way is more than ever. Although all kinds of complex techniques, skills and equipments helpful for understanding and studying the objects are easily accessible to people, the basic strategies stay the same as before: one is starting from similarities and the other from distinction. From my personal point of view, only by using the two in proper proportion and order can one achieve his/her goal to understand a thing.
Looking for similarities is a proper starting point. When we first meet something new,we need to clarify its basic attributes, finding similarites with other familiar things and classify it according to those attributes. Classification according to similaties is of great assistance to provide us with an outline, basic knowledge which we can base further investigation upon. Although things in contemporary age represent themselves in various forms and styles, similarities exist in any pair as long as certain perspective can be found. For instance, Bookcase and window are so different that at first glance, one
may not be able to find the similarities, or even such an effort seems to be meaningless. Yet, they are both part of a house, something that must be taken into consideration when decorating or refurnishing the house. Such a comparison would be helpful for us to realize that “buy” and “sell” are two basic operation we can have upon window even though we have no idea what window is made of, how it is produced or what its function is.What’s more, looking for similarities not only refer to the object itself, but the relationship with others. Similar relationships helps people understand things in groups or pairs using the strategy: analogy. Analogy is especially useful when the charactertistics of a relationship rather than the objects themselves are the focus of understanding and when similar relationships are known and objects unknown. For example, if told that the relationship between window and ASVE is similar to that between book and read, one can safely guess that ASVE is the operation people can take on window although ASVE stays an unknown action.
Definitely, mere similarity usually exclude the distinctive characteristics of a thing. We need to investigate its own terms for deeper understanding. Within the rough outline sketched by similarity, a more detailed and well-articulated picture can be drawn by grasping own terms of a thing. Still take window as an example. From careful observation, we know that it is transparent, it consists of different chemical materials, it performs the function as to protect privacy, to preserve desirable temperature indoor, and sometimes to prevent rains and snows from going inside. Deeper and further understanding of window can only be gained when we take its own terms besides those it shares with bookcase into consideration.
In the newly development software engineering model named Object-oriented model,the strategy “similarity first and differences later” functions as the core and focus of the whole model. Objects sharing common points are put into same “classes” and common points are processed together, later they are defined, discussed and processed respectively according to their own characteristics. This method greatly reduces the repetive time and energy spent over and over again on similar, if not utterly same, terms. Translated into daily life, starting from similarites for a quick outline and transferring to grasp distinctive characteristics for deeper understanding isthe approach we should always bear in mind when hoping to understand a thing with effectiveness and efficiency.
GRE作文范文:想法付诸行动的困难
Practicality is now our great idol, which all powers and talents must serve.Anything that is not obviously practical has little value in today's world.
GRE作文范文参考:
In today’s society idealism seems to become an ideology that is marginalized and practicality is our great idol, thus, the speaker asserts that anything that is not practical bears little value. I admit that being practical is the wide-accepted dogma in order to survive in this world, but by going too far to claim that anything that is not practical has little value is against the empirical observation as well as the general stimulus that push the human society forward.
Admittedly, practicality has become a cult in today’s society. Too often do we hear people talk about being practical whenever they come to make important decisions or choose between several alternatives. The deep-rooted cause underlying this phenomenon is that with the development of modern society, the emphasis is placed more on financial gaining, quick fame, sensible choice and so forth. Our society is rather stable compared with that of the last century when war, violence, human right movements has become the symbol of that period. People are enjoying this peaceful environment with less crucial missions rested upon them and as a result, they shift from idealism to struggle for the common well being of mankind to the practical concept of individual achievement.
This ideology has its merits since after all the disaster and upheaval that our human race has undergone, it is judicious to focus on the economic aspect of things in order to tackle the most important social problems such as poverty, hunger and environmental problems which all deserve us to sit down and work out practical solutions. On the personal level, being practical is how a person would possibly succeed in his career or personal life. One is likely to make sensible decisions for his education and job choice on the basis of practical consideration of his own strength and weakness and careful analysis of the prospect of research direction and job market. Even those in power and intellects need to consider practically since hasty decision built upon pure ideal meditation would hardly find its way in the modern society and is doom to failure.
Agreeing with the speaker that practicality has become the great idol in our society, I am strongly against his point that anything that is not practical has little value. Even in today’s society, idealism is by no means relegated to the place of total neglect and disregard. For one thing, in history, so much achievement is the outcome of several generations’ struggle such as fighting for equality for women, human rights movement,etc. In today’s society, practicality is the way we can obtain our goal but idealism offers the philosophical explanation of why we should set this as our goal and the clear the ultimate value of our pursuing. What is more, by totally fixed one's eyes upon the practical aspect of things, we face the danger of neglecting one important part of our pursuit, that is the mental enjoyment brought out by idealism. If we have a clear goal set in mind and put practical endeavor at the same time, the result would be more satisfactory and valuable.
To sum up, I agree with the speaker insofar as the wide acceptance of practicality is considered. Being practical is the tenet of modern society and it does shed light on the wise way of doing things and obtaining goals, no matter in the personal or social level.But the speaker goes too far by claiming that it is the only valuable ideology in society.I am strongly against this idea since in history or at present, we human beings still need the philosophical explanation to clear our goal and to provide motivation. In this aspect, idealism would never be replaced with pure practical consideration. Otherwise,human society will be replete with insensible people directed by economic profit and quick fame and recognition.
篇6:英语四级写作素材盘点
(一)起
观点(现象性):
1. When it comes to…, different people hold different views. Some argue that…, while others believe that…
2. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that…
3. Nowadays, it is generally believed that…, but I doubt whether…
4. As is known to all, …(谚语或名言). A case in point is that…
描述性:
1. One of the most serious problems our country is faced with nowadays is …
2. As we can easily see from the above graph, the figure of …has nearly decreased/increased …times, compared with…
3. From… to …, great changes have taken place in…
(二)承
1. 关联词语或重点词汇:
递进:
first, second, third…last; firstly, secondly, thirdly… finally; to begin with, what’s more, in the end; first of all, then, next, moreover, furthermore…, in the first place, in the second place, last but not least
举例:
show, exemplify, illustrate, prove, indicate, exhibit, demonstrate, for example, for instance, take …as an example, such as, like , a good case in point
因果:
cause, result in, lead to, produce, bring about, contribute to, based on, because, since, now that, therefore, thus, consequently, owing to, due to, through, because of, on account of, as a result, as a consequence
分类:
arrange in two/three categories, be classified into a number of groups, fall into the following kinds, be put into several groups, consist of
2. 句型及常用表达结构:
举例:
There are many examples to prove… Here I will cite just a few.
There is enough/convincing /sufficient evidence to prove that…
Just take …as an example.
The case effectively clarifies the fact that …
Though numerous examples can be given, this/these will be sufficient.
因果:
There are several reasons for…
The reason why …can be traced to…
The causes for …are as follows…
Therefore, we can draw/arrive at/reach/make the following conclusion…
There are many causes/reasons for…. Firstly, …, secondly, …, thirdly,…
…also contribute to the reason why…
分类:
…may be classified according to /on the basis of /depending on…
…may be divided into…
(三)转
转折:
but, however, yet, instead, whereas, otherwise, nevertheless, unfortunately
They may be right about …, but they seem to neglect the fact that…
对比:
just as, in comparison, like, similarly, likewise, correspondingly, similar to, in contrast, on the other hand, on the contrary, unlike
There are some similarities/differences between…
We can compare …with …
…has something in common with…
By contrasting …and…
…has little common with…
Although it is widely accepted that …, it is unlikely to be true that…
(四)合
1. 关联词汇或重点词汇:
thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently; as a result/consequence, in conclusion, in general, generally speaking, by and large, on the whole, in a word, to sum up, in short/brief, briefly speaking
2. 句型及常用表达结构:
From discussions above, we may safely draw the conclusion that…
Only through these measures can we hope to solve the problem.
Hence, it is imperative for us to take drastic measures to stop/prevent…
I believe we can overcome the difficult through great efforts and we will have a brighter future of…
[英语四级写作素材盘点]
★ GRE写作金句
★ 高考经典写作素材
GRE写作常用素材盘点(共6篇)
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