人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 1-Making a difference

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篇1：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习1

：

1. 过去分词做状语

2. 复习分词的各种形式（doing; having done; having been done）做状语。

知识总结与归纳：

（一）过去分词可以做一个陈述句的时间，原因，条件，让步等状语。

结构：过去分词短语，主句（主语+谓语）

相当于

（1）表示被动语态的时间，原因，条件，让步状语从句。

例：

1. Kicked out from this company, he had to find a new job.

2. Once published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

3. Seen from the top, it looks as if the stadium is covered by a gray net of steel.

4. Bent roof and twenty-foot high walls of glass make them special when compared with other architecture from the same period.

5. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

6. Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.

7. Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers. （2）含主系表结构（be+V-ed形式）表示状态或性质的状语从句。

例：

1. Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.

2. Excited by our success, we decided to celebrate with dinner.

3. Shocked at the waste of money, I decided to leave that company.

4. Well-known for her skill as a designer, she was invited to work with the company.

5. Surprised at what Berry had done, he didn’t know what to say at first.

（二）过去分词表达的动作先于主句的动作，表示：已经被……

结构：having been done短语，主句（主语+谓语……）

1. Having been translated into Chinese, the book became very popular in China.

2. After having been examined carefully, the room was locked again.

3. Having been exhausted by the journey, he went straight to bed.

4. Having been taught many times, he still made the same mistake.

（三）复习：现在分词（doing短语）以及它的完成式（having done短语）做时间、原因，条件，让步状语；相当于表示主动意义的状语从句。

例：

结构：doing 短语，主句（主语+谓语……）

当……时，/由于……/如果……

having done短语，主句（主语+谓语……）

已经……之后

1. Living far from school, he is often late.

2. Knowing that her daughter got sick at school, she hurried to school to take her home.

3. Not having received any news from home for many years, she got more and more homesick.

4. Driving to the airport, he hit a boy on the bike.

5. Hearing the music, he began to get homesick.

6. Being quite ill, he had to give up the chance of going on a picnic.

7. Having got married, he lived separately from his parents.

（四）分词短语的逻辑主语应当与主句主语一致。如果分词短语的主语不是主句的主语，则分词短语的主语（名词）应放在分词前面。

1. Time permitting, we’ll call on our teacher.

2. Work finished, he prepared to return home.

3. The shower being over, we continued working.

（五）总结及解题思路：根据分词短语与主句主语的关系（主动，被动）和时间顺序（在主句动作之前，或与主句同时发生）来确定做状语的分词的形式。

（六）分词在陈述句后面，做陈述句的伴随状语或结果状语：表示伴随动作的分词根据它们与主句主语的关系（主动/被动），选用doing或done短语表达。

1. He was standing, holding on to a tree that grew against the wall.

2. There she stopped, listening to the strange sounds, while the whole house moved.

3. At last he stopped running, sweat streaming down his face.

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. ____in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding.

分析：根据句意： Harvard大学创建于1636年，“创建”与主句主语Harvard为被动关系。

答案：C

2. Hearing the news, he hurried out, ___ book ___ on the table and disappeared into the distance.

A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open

C. leaving; lie open D. left; lying opened

分析：根据句意：听到这个消息，他匆匆跑出去，消失在远方，但他的书还打开着放在桌上。

hurried out和disappeared是连续的动作。而___ book ___ on the table则是伴随的动作。

答案：B

3. Though ____ money, his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacking in

分析：根据句意：虽然缺少钱，他的父母还是想方设法把他送进了大学。Lack of（缺乏）与主语his parents为主动关系。

答案：B

4. ____ more attention, the tree could have grown better.

A. Given B. To given C. Giving D. Having given

分析：根据句意：如果给予更多的关注，树会长得更好。____ more attention做条件状语，give与主语the tree为被动关系，用过去分词做状语。

答案：A

5. ___ in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose

分析：由于走神了，他差点撞到汽车上。lost in thought形容词短语：走神。

答案：C

二. 翻译句子：

1. 泰德拒绝了朋友去海洋公园的邀请，因为他已经去过两次了。

答案：

Having been to the Ocean Park twice, Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go there.

Ted refused his friend’s invitation to go to the Ocean Park because he had been there twice.

2. 从远处看，这个岛屿就象一朵彩云。

答案：

Viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

When it was viewed from the distance, the island looked like a color cloud.

3. 他出身与一个贫困家庭，只上过两年学。

答案：

Born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

As he was born into a poor family, he had only two years of schooling.

4. First built as an exclusive playground for the 60’s jet set by a member of its own, A&P Supermarket heir Huntington Hartford, over the years the club did close some of its luster, but never its beautiful setting.

答案：

翻译：最初的时候，海洋俱乐部只是一个为六十年代有钱人阶层专门建立的私人俱乐部，其创建者Huntington Hartford是A&P超市的继承人，也是富人阶层的一分子。多年之后，俱乐部已失去原有的一些光彩，但是它那优美的环境依旧保存完好。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. ____ wrong with the engine, he stopped his car.

A. Feeling something go B. Feeling something to go

C. To feel something gone D. Having felt something gone

2. ____my parents’ letter, I decided to write again.

A. Not receive B. Not to receive

C. Not received D. Not having received

3. The new machine, if ___ properly, will work for at least ten years.

A. use B. using C. being used D. used

4. ____, the young man is healthy and strong.

A. Fully developed B. Fully developing

C. Having fully developed D. To be fully developed

5. ___ to make a speech, he said he would be very glad to.

A. When asked B. When asking

C. To be asked D. When he was asking

6. When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year.

A. Completed B. completing

C. being completed D. to be completed

二. 完型填空

Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his ___1__ and traveling.

Then after returning to the United States from a __2__ trip to Russia .Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the __3__ of its strength on the trip, a change began to take place _4__ him. The materials between his bones became __5__.

In less than one week after his return, he could not __6___. Every move that he _7___ was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctors told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins’ problem and he might never ___8__ over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up ___9___.

Mr. Cousins thought that ___10___ thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. ___11__, he felt that happy thoughts or _12____ might cure his illness.

He began to _13__ on himself while still in hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the __14____ gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.

__15___ the doctors could not help him. Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could __16___ his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping __17___ he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well __18____ to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for __19____.

After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work. He had laughed himself back to __20___.

1. A. time B. holiday C. sleep D. work

2. A. boring B. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant

3. A. top B. degree C. problem D. limit

4. A. from B. around C. inside D. beside

5. A. weak B. ill C. false D. painful

6. A. speak B. breathe C. stand D. see

7. A. made B. did C. took D. gave

8. A. look B. get C. turn D. think

9. A. effort B. hope C. treatment D. arrangement

10. A. foolish B. unusual C. funny D. unhappy

11. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

12. A. sleep B. travel C. laughter D. television

13. A. rescue B. operate C. try D. experiment

14. A. day B. week C. month D. year

15. A. Promising B. Deciding C. Doubting D. Recognizing

16. A. invent B. begin C. continue D. prove

17. A. until B. whenever C. unless D. so that

18. A. soon B. completely C. slowly D. enough

19. A. exercise B. illness C. rest D. pleasure

20. A. power B. sense C. health D. happiness

三. 阅读理解：

A

It is important to know another language and how to communicate without words when you are in another country. Before saying anything, people communicate with each other by using gestures（手势）. However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.

In the United States, nodding your head up and down means “yes”, while in some pats of Greece and Turkey, it means “no”. In the southeast of Asia, it is a polite way of saying “I heard you”.

Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad. Also putting your clasped（紧握的）hands up above your head means “I am the winner.” It is the sign which players often make. In Russia it is the sign of friendship.

In the USA, holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger（食指）, and the other three straight means “Everything is OK.” In France, it means “You are worth nothing.”

It is also important to make eye communication. If you look down when talking to an American, he or she may feel that you are shy, or you are trying to hide something.

Besides these, you should also know there are some topics that can not be talked about, such as age, weight and marriage. You can talk about the weather, work, sports, food, where one lives and news of the day.

1. Which of the following is true?

A. People all over the world only communicate by words.

B. Many gestures either have different meanings or no meanings at all.

C. Gestures are the most common way to communicate.

D. People can talk about anything in another country.

2. In Greece nodding your head means “_________.”

A. Yes. B. No

C. I heard you D. I am the winner

3. Putting the thumb up should not be used in _____.

A. Greece B. the USA C. England D. China

4. What does this sentence mean “….your action can speak louder than your words” ?

A. What you do is better than what you say.

B. You try your best to be polite.

C. You are better understood by your gestures than through your words.

D. What you say is better than what you do.

5. The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country, _____.

A. it is important to know the language.

B .it is important to know what you talk about to a foreigner.

C. to know how to communicate without words is as important as to know the language.

D. to communicate through gestures is more important than to know the language.

B

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part of human history is considered with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.

Why should man take the trouble of conquering space ? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment on him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefits are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ___.

A. man desire to explore what is unknown.

B. man often goes wherever his dreams go

C. man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now.

D. man’s history is his exploration of the world.

2. The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means ___.

A. vast B. various C. valuable D. practical

3. The author seems to be in favor of ___.

A. doubting the necessity of the space exploration

B. the exploration of space

C. exploring more in space than in sea

D. his experience in space

4. In the last sentence of Paragraph 2 the phrase “practical result” refers to the results ___.

A. that are obtained from experience

B. that can be learned as knowledge

C. that can be made use of

D. helping us make further exploration.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. A

解析：____ wrong with the engine做全句的原因状语，feel与主语具有主动关系，用-ing形式做状语，go wrong做宾语something的补足语。

2. D

解析：由于没有受到父母的来信，在全句中做原因状语，动作在主句decided to write again动作之前，用-ing 的完成式Not having done结构做状语

3. D

解析：如果被使用恰当，过去分词做条件状语。

4. A

解析：如果进行全面发展，过去分词做状语，与主句主语构成被动关系。

5. A

解析：当被要求讲话时，他说他很高兴。

6. A

解析：当博物馆被完工（竣工）时，它将与明年对公众开放。

二. 完型填空

1. D

解析：他很喜欢他的工作和旅行出差

2. B

解析：从到俄罗斯的令人疲惫不堪的出差回到美国。Tiring预示下文提到的Mr. Cousins生病。

3. D

解析：在旅途中，他把他的身体的体力推向了极限

4. C

解析：于是他的身体内部发生了变化

5. A

解析：他的骨头之间的物质变得脆弱了。本题另外三个选项与主语搭配不合适。

6. C

解析：他几乎无法站立了

7. A

解析：他所做的每一个动作都让他感到疼痛。做运动：make a move

8. B

解析：医生告诉他，他们无法解决他的问题，他可能不能从他的疾病中恢复过来。get over：从病中恢复过来。

9. B

解析：Mr. Cousins拒绝放弃治疗的希望。

10. D

解析：Mr. Cousins认为一些不愉快的想法正在他的体内产生着某种化学变化。此处与下文的happy thoughts相对应。

11. A

解析：他不想进行药物治疗，相反，

12. C

解析：他认为愉快的想法或放声大笑 能治愈他的疾病。

13. D

解析：在住院期间他开始用观看滑稽电视节目来进行实验。experiment on somebody：拿某人做实验。

14. A

解析：他发现白天10分钟的开心大笑能给他带来夜间两小时的舒适睡眠。during the day对应下一句的at night.

15. B

解析：已经肯定医生无法再帮助他了。 deciding :确定。

16. C

解析：他离开医院在旅馆里继续他的实验。

17. A

解析：他在房间里反复看电视娱乐节目，读书，睡觉，做这些事直到他感到累了为止。

18. D

解析：他感到身体足够健康了

19. A

解析：他开始出国度假并在海边跑步锻炼。

20. C

解析：他通过笑使自己恢复了健康。

三. 阅读理解：

A

1. B

解析：细节判断题，根据第一段However, many gestures have different meanings, or no meaning at all, in different parts of the world.可以得知：许多手势在某些地区要么有着不同的含义要么根本就没有任何意义。

2. B

解析：根据第二段内容可以得知点头在希腊某些地区的含义。

3. A

解析：根据第三段：Today in the USA, when someone puts his thumb up, it means “Everything is all right.” However, in Greece it is bad.可以得知树大拇指在希腊的含义不同于在美国。它是“不好”的表示，不应使用。C，D两项文章没有涉及。

4. C

解析：语句理解。根据第一段内容：人们在国外与人交流要么懂得外语，要么学会使用手势交流。所以说“通过手势动作比通过语言能更好地被人理解。

5. C

解析：考查文章的主旨。第一段第一句交代了文章的主题。

B

1. A

解析：考查文章的主旨大意。从第一段Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known.可知。

2. B

解析：词义猜测。从第二段The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way.可知the areas that will benefit是广泛多样的。文章下文说明获利饿各个方面。

3. B

解析：从全文看，作者对探索太空持赞成态度。

4. C

解析：文章最后一句意思是：但是要确切地说这种实际结果是什么将是不可能的。这种实际结果就是能应用上文所提到的各种领域所获得的利益。

篇2：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）语法复习2

语法复习：

非谓语动词做名词的定语

There be句型中的非谓语动词的使用

With+名词+补足语

知识总结与归纳：

（一）非谓语动词（to do; doing; done）做名词的定语

修饰一个名词除了后面用定语从句以外，还可以用doing短语，done短语，being done短语，to be done短语修饰。其结构和意思如下：

1. 被修饰名词+doing短语：正在做……的人/正在发生的事。

2. 被修饰名词+ done短语：被……的人/事

3. 被修饰名词+being done短语：正在被……的人/事

4. 被修饰名词+ to be done短语：将要被……的人/事

请看下面几个定语从句以及句中定语从句的简化表达：

1. The man who is sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

The man sitting on the platform is a professor from Wuhan University.

2. The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.

3. The question that is being discussed is very important.

The question being discussed is very important.

4. You are welcome to a party which is to be given in our class at 7:45.

You are welcome to a party to be given in our class at 7:45.

总结：以上做定语的那些短语就是英语语法中所说的分词，不定式的各种形式作定语。

1. 这些短语作定语应放在被修饰名词的后面。如果单独一个V-ing或V-ed形式作定语，则可以放在被修饰名词前面。

2. 分词作定语时，其动作应与全句动作同时发生。V-ing表示主动意义和正在做，V-ed表示被动意义。being done表示正在被做的。

3. 不定式作定语表示将要发生的，to be done表示将要被做的。

例句：

1. Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.

2. A bridge connecting Asia with North America across the Bering Strait could be a critical link in the proposed global highway which would allow people to travel overland to anywhere in the world.

3. A driver starting off in the evening on the Russian side would arrive in Alaska on the morning of that same day, effectively traveling many hours back in time.

注意：还有一些结构已经形成了固定的短语： doing/done+名词

如：

the fallen leaves a washing machine

spoken English written English

a dressing mirror a waiting room

the coming year boiled water

boiling water等

（二）There be句型中的非谓语动词的使用：

There be + 名词+ to do：有……要做

+doing：有……正在做/发生

+done： 有……被……

There is nothing to worry about.

There are birds singing in the tree.

（三）用with/without短语做伴随状语。结构如下：

with/without+名词+ doing 短语

done短语

to do 短语

介词短语/副词

例句：

1. Tom went away, without a word spoken.

2. Most of houses were built of bricks made of dried mud, with a roof supported by palm tree trunks.

3. He lay on his back, with his hands behind his head.

4. The silence was suddenly broken when a large car , with its headlights on and its horn blaring, roared down the arcade.

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. With a lot of difficult problems _____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled

分析：With a lot of difficult problems _____ 意思是“有这么多难题要解决，”因此使用with+名词+to do 形式。

答案：C

2. How many of us_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion?

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended

分析：根据句意：比如说，我们当中参加一个对我们毫不重要的会议的人会有多少人对这个讨论感兴趣呢？_____, say, a meeting that is not important to us修饰How many of us做定语与全句动作同步。

答案：B

3. Don’t you think the question _____ tomorrow is of great importance.

A. being discussed B. discussed

C. to be discussed D. to discuss

分析：难道你不觉得明天要讨论的问题很重要吗？_____ tomorrow做定语修饰名词the question，表示：“将要被讨论的……” 用to be done 结构做定语。

答案：C

4. The picture ____ on the wall is painted by my nephew.

A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung

分析：The picture ____ on the wall：挂在墙上的画。Hang在句中是不及物动词。hanging做picture的定语。

答案：B

二. 翻译句子：

1. Though there is much to be concerned about, there is far, far more for which to be thankful.

答案：尽管人生有许多烦扰，但更多的是感恩。

2. The Amazon has over a thousand tributaries feeding into it. The entire river system is the size of North America.

答案：亚马孙河由一千多条支流汇交而成。整个水系覆盖的面积如北美洲一样大。

3. There is every reason to be hopeful about the future. As I make visits around the country, I see at first hand the effort being made to bring communities together.

答案：我们有理由对未来充满希望。在我巡视全国时，我亲眼看到人们为团结各社群而正在进行的努力。

4. There is certainly much more to be done and many challenges to be overcome.

答案：我们要做的事还有很多，要战胜的挑战也很多。

5. They all need to be reassured that there is so much to be gained by reaching out to others.

答案：他们都需要重新树立观点：了解他人受益匪浅。

6. The implication drawn by Jesus is clear. Everyone is our neighbor-no matter what race, creed or color. The need to look after a fellow human being is far more important than any cultural or religious differences.

答案：耶酥要传达的寓意十分清楚。无论何种民族，信仰和肤色，每一个人都是我们的邻居。照顾每个人的需要远远重要于任何文化和宗教上的分歧。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. The missing boy were last seen _____near the river.

A. playing B. to be plying C. play D. to play

2. Who did the teacher have ____ an article for the wall newspaper just now ?

A. writing B. write C. to write D. written

3. They would not allow him ___ across the enemy line.

A. to risk going B. risking going

C. for risk going D. risk going

4. - Where should I send my form ?

- The Personal office is the place ____.

A. for sending it B. to send it to C. to send D. to send it

5. The students, ____ at the way the question was put, didn’t know how to answer it.

A. being surprised B. surprising C. surprised D. having surprised

6. He is lying in bed, with his eyes looking at the ceilings and his hands ____ behind his head.

A. to cross B. crossing C. cross D. crossed

7. The old man was moved by what she said, with tears ___ up in his eyes.

A. welling B. welled C. rolling D. rolled

二. 阅读理解：

“ A band plays in Lumley Park every Sunday afternoon. I often attend these open-air concerts if the weather is fine, because I find it a very restful way of passing time, and because the band plays many kinds of music: dance music, marching music, anything with a tune you can whistle; you know what I mean.”

“One Sunday, there was a blind girl in the front row of the audience, just behind the band-leader. She must have been about fourteen or fifteen years of age, I should think. She had been sitting down until about halfway through the programme, when the band started to play ‘ The Blue Danube’ by Johan Strauss. I’d never heard them play this particular piece before; and there was something magical about the way they played it then. They’d only played a few bars when this blind girl stood up and began waving her arms about in time to the music, just as the band-leader himself was doing.

“After a while, I could see that more and more members of the band were watching the bind girl instead of the band-leader. And the leader must have noticed this himself, because he turned round and watched her, and saw that she was keeping perfect time. He was a very thoughtful man, that band-leader; I took my hat off to him. He moved to one side little by little, so that the band could see the blind girl better, and after a while he stopped conducting altogether. The band knew the piece quite well, of course, so things weren’t likely to go seriously wrong. But she kept time beautifully, and she made it clear when she wanted certain passages to be loud or soft, just as the band-leader himself had done. Since then, to be quite honest, I’ve never heard ‘The Blue Danube’ played better anywhere.

“I have seldom heard an audience clap more loudly than that audience, when the music was over. I should think they must have heard the noise on the other side of the town. When the blind girl sat down, even from where I was sitting I could see that there were tears running down her face.”

“ And she wasn’t the only one in that audience who was crying, I can tell you.”

1. The speaker thought that attending the Sunday afternoon concerts is a pleasure because ____.

A. a band plays music in Lumley Park.

B. He could pass the time in a peaceful way in good weather

C. His favourite music could be played by the band in the open air

D. All the above

2. When the band was playing “The Blue Danube”, a blind girl who was sitting in the front row behind the band-leader____.

A. stood up to play with the band

B. stood up and waved her arms to keep perfect time by herself

C. played just as the band-leader was doing

D. listened to the particular piece “The blue Danube”

3. While the blind girl was waving her hands to keep time, _____.

A. many more members of the band were still watching their and-leader

B. the band-leader stopped conducting after a while and took off her hat to the girl

C. the band kept playing wonderfully even without their band-leader

D. the audience preferred the blind girl to the band-leader

4. From what the speaker said, it can be inferred that _____.

A. he not only respected the band-leader but also thought highly of the blind girl

B. he thought the blind girl was doing better than the band-leader

C. he regarded the band as the first class band even without anyone conducting

D. with the blind girl conducting, the concert was much more wonderful

三. 短文改错：

Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. ______

In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. ______

too. There are people spank（拍打）or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3. ______

This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The 4. ______

child must never cry. The custom sys that if you cry, you cry all year. 5. ______

The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6. ______

away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. ______

country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. ______

goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle（针） 9. ______

As soon as the child woke up, the parent pricks（刺）the child 10. _____

with the needle. This is for good luck.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. A

解析：那个失踪的男孩最后依次被看见正在河边玩。see sb. doing 的被动结构：sb. be seen doing.

2. B

解析：老师让谁写稿。have sb. do sth.：让某人做某事。

3. A

解析：allow sb to do sth.：允许某人做某事。 risk doing：冒险做某事。

4. B

解析：the place ____：把表格送到的地方。 send the form to the place

5. C

解析：surprised at the way the question was put形容词短语做定语。

6. D

解析：双手交叉在脑后。cross 与hand为动宾关系。With +名词+done结构。

7. A

解析：with tears ___ up in his eyes：指眼泪夺眶而出。well：涌出。与tears是主动关系。

二. 阅读理解：

1. D

解析：题干中的关键部分：出席周日下午的音乐会是一种乐趣的原因是……。根据第一段……if the weather was fine, because ….a very restful way of passing time, and because the band plays many kinds of music; dance music, marching music, anything with a tune you can whistle…可知A，B，C均符合题义。

2. B

解析：题干的关键：坐在前排即指挥后面的那位失明的女孩….。根据第二段最后两行… “this blind girl stood up and began waving her arms about in time to the music, just as the band-leader himself was doing.”…

3. C

解析：此题是判断“女孩打拍子时，乐队成员，乐队指挥，乐队和观众的表现。仔细阅读第三段，特别是最后四行The band knew the piece quite well, of course, so things weren’t likely to go seriously wrong. But she kept time beautifully, and she made it clear when she wanted certain passages to be loud or soft, just as the band-leader himself had done. Since then, to be quite honest, I’ve never heard ‘The Blue Danube’ played better anywhere.可以排除A，B，D。

4. A

解析：这是在总结作者的思想；根据第三段描述指挥 “he was a very thoughtful man,” 和最后两段可以得出结论：作者对小女孩和乐队指挥都给予了高度评价。

三. 短文改错：

Many children have a birthday cake with candle on their birthday. 1. candles

In some countries, like England and Scotland, there are another custom, 2. is

too. There are people spank（拍打）or hit the child on his/her birthday. 3.去掉are

This may hurt a little, and they say it is very lucky for the child. The 4. _but_

child must never cry. The custom says that if you cry, you ∧cry all year. 5. will

The reason for birthday spanks is to make the bad spirits go 6.√

away. The hard you spank the better it is. In Belgium, another 7. harder

country in Europe, the custom is a little difference. There a parent 8. different

goes into the child room early in the morning with a needle（针）. 9. child’s

As soon as the child woke up, the parent pricks（刺）the child 10. wakes

篇3：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 7-Living with disease

1. 单元分析与学习建议。

2. 重要单词短语的用法。

3. 阅读材料中的难点句的解释与分析。

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容介绍与分析：

1. 本单元主题：介绍两种绝症--艾滋病和癌症，以及通过两个患者的经历探讨了对疾病的人生态度。

2. 学习材料：听力材料：介绍一位疾病防控中心的工作人员的工作情况以及这位医生对自己工作的感受和建议。阅读材料：

（1）BORN DYING：介绍了有关艾滋病的概念，传播途径，全世界艾滋病的传播特别是儿童患艾滋病的情况；同时介绍了主人公XiaoHua在身患艾滋病的情况下以乐观的态度帮助艾滋病人的行为和她对生活的态度。

（2）DIAGNOSED WITH CANCER-THE DAY MY LIFE EBDED…AND BEGAN!：介绍一位癌症患者在医生的治疗和亲人朋友的帮助下战胜病魔和由此对生活的新认识。

3. 语法学习：虚拟条件句，wish / as if ＋名词性从句（虚拟语气）

4. 学习建议：对所学的单词按类别进行归类：如表示感染，传染的词汇：infect; infection, transmit；contract等。

（二）重要单词短语的用法，

1. infect：传染，感染，常用短语：become infected with:

Can people become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, holding hands or kissing someone with HIV ?

2. via：通过，经过，凭借=through, by way of…

Medical studies indicate that the AIDS virus cannot be transmitted via the following routes: glasses, swimming pool; mosquitoes; other insects or giving blood.

We flew to Athens via Paris.

3. persuade：劝说；persuade sb. to do sth.

Xiao Hua is trying to change people’s fear by creating a network of patients of doctors that can persuade hospitals and companies to spend more money on AIDS research and education.

4. lack：缺少；a lack of….

The disease is spreading fast in Africa and parts of Asia, mainly because of a lack of proper health care, prevention and education. And what’s more, the drugs that are available are much too expensive.

5. strength：力量，力气，强度；

注意比较：power：权力，动力，电力；

force：武力。

They helped me find the strength I needed to recover and they kept me from feeling sad and lonely.

They decided to work out the problem by peace instead of by force.

The chairman was forced to resign following a boardroom power struggle.

6. on the contrary：正相反

-Didn’t you find the film exciting ?

-On the contrary, I nearly fell asleep half way through it.

注意另一个短语：on the other hand：另一方面。

I admire his gifts, but on the other hand I distrust his attitude towards the job.

7. for the moment：暂时

注意比较以下含moment的短语：at the moment; in a moment; at any moment

The cancer in my body has been defeated for the moment, but I know that I will never be completely free from it.

I’m very busy at the moment, but I’ll do it later.

The doctor will be here in a moment.

Be careful. He might come back at any moment.

8. suffer from：遭受（痛苦，疾病，损失，灾难）

The disease is not the only thing that AIDS patients suffer from. They also have to deal with people’s fear of the disease.

9. a great many：许多……=a good many/ a large number of… 后接名词复数。

The doctor asked me a great may questions and took samples of my blood.

I remember going to London a good many years ago.

The information has proved useful to a great many people.

10. break down：破坏，分解，崩溃，坏了

We had broken down the resistance of the enemy.

The police tried to break down the prisoner’s opposition.

The machine will break down if you don’t take care of it.

The washing machine seems to have broken down again.

He has completely broken down in health.

Mary broke down tearfully when she was told the death Of her husband.

Water is broken down into hydrogen and oxygen.

Sugar and starch are broken down in the stomach.

（三）难点句的解释与分析

1. Most people who have AIDS manage to survive only a few years after they get the disease．

多数得艾滋病人在染病后只能活几年。

manage管理，经营，对付，想方设法：

He manages a large business for his mother.

World affairs should be managed by all countries in the world.

I managed to get what I wanted.

survive意为：幸存，从……中逃出．既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。另外，survive还有“比……活得长”之意，此时是及物动词，必须跟宾语。

2. I remember having an empty feeling in my stomach and thinking that my life was going to end.

我记得我当时感到脑子里一片空白，并认为我的生命即将走到尽头。

（1）remember doing sth．“记得做过某事”。而remember to do sth，“记住去做某事”。

I remember posting your letter．我记得把你的信寄出去了。

You must remember to post my letter on your way home.

你一定要记住在回家的路上把我的信寄出去。

（2）to end到了尽头，结束

3. They helped me to find the strength I needed to recover and they kept me from feeling sad and lonely.

他们帮助我建立康复的信心，使我不感到悲伤和孤独。

注意比较：keep sb.／sth. from doing sth. 与keep sb.／sth. doing sth.

前者意思是“使某人不做某事”；后者是“使某人做某事”，试比较下列词句。

He kept me waiting for a long time.

We must do something to keep the roof from falling.

We’d better keep the fire burning.

We must keep them from getting to know our plans.

3. Living with cancer has made me realize how precious life is and how important it is to take every chance to live life to the fullest.

患癌症让我认识到生命的珍贵。及抓住一切机会充实生活是何等重要。

living with cancer是个动名词短语作主语

Serving the people heart and soul is our duty. 全心全意为人民服务是我们的职责。

Learning English well helps us communicate with other people better .

学好英语有助于我们与其他的人更好地交流。

（四）注意理解下列条件状语从句和wish后面的宾语从句：

1. “I wish I could remember more about my mother and I wish that she were here with me and that we weren’t sick.” She often said.

2. There were days when I wished that I were dead so that I would not have to feel so sick.

3. If I were you, I would give an AIDS patient a hug.

4. “If I were to live long enough to have a job, I would choose to be a doctor, helping these patients.” Said Xiao Hua, after knowing that she will die before having a chance to grow old.

说明：从语境上判断，这些句子说的都是现实或将来永远无法实现的内容。这在语法上将叫做虚拟语气。

【典型例题】

1. A teacher must make sure that every one of his students develops_____.

A. extremely B. fairly C. hurriedly D. properly

分析：D

解析：properly相当于 in a proper way：用恰当的方法

2. It seemed that them are out of work now.

A. a great many B. a good many of

C. a great deal of D. much

分析：B

解析：a great deal of，much只修饰不可数名词；a good many of接复数代词。

3. John is good at his job but he seems to confidence.

A. lack B. short C. be short D. lack in

分析：A

解析：lack（vt.）：be lacking in=be short of缺乏；不足。

4. You can never imagine what great trouble I have had him to stop smoking.

A. persuading B. promising C . having D. making

分析：A

解析：promise sb.to do sth. 答应某人做某事，与句子意义不吻合。

5. While shopping people sometimes can't help into buying something they don't really need.

A. persuade B. persuading

C. being persuaded D. to persuade

分析：C

解析：can’t help在句中意义为“情不自禁”，其后接doing sth.；persuade同people之间存在被动关系，故应用被动形式。

6. High interest rates people from borrowing money.

A. discourage B. protect C. save D. disturb

分析：A

解析：discourage sb.from doing sth．阻止某人做某事，为固定用法。

7. A laser beam can be turned into a weapon.

A. dead B. dying C. deadly D. death

分析：C

解析：句意为“激光能变成杀人武器。”deadly adj. 致命的；极有害的，与句意吻合。

8. The outline of the figure was barely in the darkness.

A. possible B. comfortable

C. visible D. sensible

分析：C

解析：句意为“黑暗中隐约可见那人的轮廓。”visible可见的；看得见的；明显的，与句意吻合。

9. Income from certain shares may be immune taxation.

A. in B. from C. at D. on

分析：B

解析：be immune from….免除……为固定用法。

10. The special TV report regular programming.

A. missed B. lost C. bothered D. disrupted

分析：D

解析：句意为“电视特别报道扰乱了固定的电视节目。”disrupt中断；扰乱；使混乱，与句意相吻合。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：50分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. Alice trusts you; only you can her to give up the foolish idea.

A. suggest B. attract C. tempt D. persuade

2. We went to America Tokyo.

A. to B. at C. via D. on

3. Don’t chances by driving too fast.

A. make B. take C. have D. give

4. However, at times this balance in nature is , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.

A. troubled B. disrupted C. confused D. puzzled

5. of disease is one of the duties of the government health officers.

A. Prevention B. Attention C. Notice D. Attraction

6. Some diseases are by certain water animals.

A. transplanted B. transformed C. transported D. transmitted

7. You weren’t boring me. , you were interesting me frightfully.

A. On contrary B. By contraries

C. To the contrary D. On the contrary

8. Never identify wealth happiness.

A. in B. to C. with D. from

9. The doctor my illness as a rare skin disease.

A. tested B. checked C. told D. diagnosed

10. Anyone with a bad cold may the people around him.

A. infect B. approach C. indicate D. reform

二. 完型填空：

Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful? This 1 called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy _2__.

During the hours when you __3__ your work, you may say that you’re ‘hot’. That’s true. At the time of day when you feel most _4__ in your work, your cycle of body temperature is _5__ its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For _6_ it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it _7_ such familiar monologues（自言自语）as: “Get up John! You’ll be late for work again!” The possible explanation of the trouble is that John is at his low __8__ and energy peak in the evening, __9__ family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize __10__ these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the __11__ has.

You can’t change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life _12__ it better. _13__ can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must __14__ late anyway. Counteract（对换）your cycle, __15__ by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do _16__ in the day, __17__ before usual hour. This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work better as you’re at your low point. Whenever possible, do __18__ tasks in the afternoon and _19__ tasks requiring more energy or concentration （精神集中）for your __20__ hours.

1. A. might be B. must be C. need be D. can be

2. A. circle B. recycle C. cycle D. crisis

3. A. go through B. see through C. break through D. labor through

4. A. energetic B. active C. effective D. lazy

5. A. on B. at C. over D. in

6. A. other B. another C. one another D. others

7. A. owes to B. leads to C. leads into D. attributes to

8. A. temper B. thought C. temperature D. mood

9. A. Much B. Many C. Such D. More

10. A. how B. that C. which D. what

11. A. house B. family C. home D. room

12. A. fit B. use C. like D. look

13. A. Hobby B. Characteristic C. Interest D. Habit

14. A. stay away B. stay out C. stay at D. stay up

15.A. to degree B. to some degree C. to the degree D. to certain degree

16. A. early B. daily C. yearly D. monthly

17. A. rise B. raise C. arise D. arisen

18. A. usual B. regular C. normal D. average

19. A. keep B. continue C. save D. hold

20. A. clearer B. harder C. sharper D. easier

二. 阅读理解：

Less TV Reduce Kids Weight

PALO AITO, California-“ Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter-even if they do not change their diet or increase the amount they exercise,” US researchers said last week.

A study of 192 third and fourth grades, generally aged eight and nine, found that children who cut the number of hours spent watching television gained nearly two pounds（0.91kg）less over a one-year period than those who did not change their television diet.

“The findings are important because they show that weight loss can only be the result of a reduction in television viewing and not any other activity,” said Thomas Robinson, a pediatrician （儿科专家）at Stanford University.

“ American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing games, and rates of childhood being very fat have doubt over the past 20 years,” Robinson said.

In the study, presented this week to the Pediatric Academic Societies’ annual meeting in San Francisco, the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.

Children watching fewer hours of television showed a significantly smaller increase in waist size and had less body fat than other students who continue their normal television viewing, even though neither group ate a special diet nor took part in any extra exercise.

“One explanation for the weight loss could be the children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around and burning off calories,” Robinson said.

“Another reason might be due to eating fewer meals in front of the television. Some studies have suggested that eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more,” Robinson added.

1. The author tries to tell us in the first two paragraphs that ____.

A. children will get fatter if they eat too much.

B. children will get thinner if they eat less.

C. children will get fatter if they spend less time watching TV.

D. children will get fatter if they spend more time watching TV.

2. According to the passage, the time American children usually spend on watching TV ____.

A. is more than four hours a day.

B. is less than four hours a day.

C. doubled in the last twenty years.

D. is more than on any other activities.

3. The time children spend on TV viewing every day is suggested to be about ___.

A. six hours B. eight hours C. three hours D. one hour

4. Which of the following is right ?

A. Children usually eat fewer while watching TV.

B. Children usually eat more while watching TV.

C. Children eat the same amount of meals while watching TV.

D. Children usually eat nothing while watching TV.

5. Why can watching TV increase kids’ weight according to the passage ?

A. They usually eat more while watching TV.

B. They burn off fewer calories.

C. They change their diet while watching TV.

D. Both A and B

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. D 句意为“只有你才能劝说她放弃这愚蠢的主意。”

2. C 句意为“我们途经东京去美国。”via（prep）经过，与句意吻合。

3. B 句意为“不要冒险将车开得太快。”take chances碰碰运气；冒险，与句意相吻合。

4. B 句意为“然而，自然界的这种平衡往往会被破坏，从而导致大量可能无法预见的后果。”disrupt破坏；扰乱，与句意相吻合。

5. A prevention of disease预防疾病。

6. D 句意为“一些疾病是通过水生动物传播的。”transmit（疾病等的）传播，与句意相吻合。

7. D on the contrary（与此）相反，为固定表达法。

8. C identify…with. 把……和……等同起来，为固定表达法。

9. D 句意为“医生诊断出我的病是一种罕见的皮肤病。”

10. A 句意为“重感冒患者可以传染给他周围的人。”

二. 完型填空：

1. A 早晨起床很难以致成了一种痛苦，这可能被称为懒惰。B选项过于绝对。D项中can表示推测一般用于疑问句或否定句。

2. C. 但是Dr. Kleitman做出了新的解释，他已经证明了每个人都有一个每日的生物周期。即生物钟。 Circle：圆圈；recycle:再循环；crisis：危机。

3. D 在你非常努力地做事情期间，你可能会感觉“热”。Go through：经历，做完，检查；see through：看穿，识破；break through：突破，突围。

4. A 当你在工作中感到最精力充沛时，active：积极的；effective：有效的；lazy：懒惰的。此处是讲人身体的生物周期。所以只有A项最合适。

5. B 人的体温循环处于最高峰。固定词组：at one’s peak

6. D 对某些人来说，最高峰是在正午之前，对另一些人来说是在下午或晚上。此处others与上文的some相呼应。

7. B 还没有人能对此作出解释，但是这一点却导致了这种熟悉的自言自语……

8. C 引起这种麻烦的一种可能性解释就是John的体温正处在低值而他的生物钟高峰在晚间。

9. A 当夫妇俩意识到这种生物周期意味着什么时，许多的家庭争吵也就结束了。Quarrelling作为抽象名词，属于不可数名词，前面只能用much修饰。

10. D

11. B 同时也意识到家庭中的每个成员各自的生物周期属于那一类。

12. A 你无法改变你的生物周期，但是你可以使你的生活更好地适应他。

13. D Dr. Kleitman相信个人的生活习惯能够帮助你去更好地适应你的生物钟。

14. D 也许晚间你困了，但是你觉得你必须无论如何要熬夜到很晚。Stay away：离开；stay out：外出。

15. B 这样在某种程度上，通过习惯性地熬夜比你所需要的时间更晚一些，来调整你的生物钟。

16. A 如果你的生物钟在早晨处于低潮，但在一天很早的时候要处理重要的工作。

17. A 那就比平常时间早点起床。Rise：升起，起床，站起来。

18. B 这样做不会改变你的生物钟，但坚持下来你会在你的生物钟低潮时能够把工作做得更好。在可能的情况下，在下午做一些有规律的工作。

19. C 把那些需要更多精力和精神高度集中的工作留到你的思维最敏捷的时候去做。Save：保留。

20. C sharp：思路敏捷，灵敏。

三. 阅读理解：

1. D 根据：Switching off the television may help prevent children from getting fatter可以得出结论。“关掉电视有助于防止儿童发胖。”

2. A 根据第四段：American children spend an average of more than four hours per day watching television and videos or playing games，可以得知：美国儿童用于看电视的时间每天超过了4个小时。

3. C 根据第五段：the researchers persuaded about 100 of the students to reduce their television viewing by one-quarter to one-third.经过计算可以得出每日看电视的时间大约在三小时。

4. B 根据最后一段可以得知：儿童看电视时有吃东西的习惯。

5. D 根据倒数第二段：he children unstuck to the television may simply have been moving around and burning off calories和最后一段：eating in front of the TV encourages people to eat more可知看电视增加体重的原因。

篇4：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 8-First Aid

1. 单元内容介绍和学习建议

2. 重要单词，短语用法

3. 难点句解释和分析

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容介绍：

1. 中心话题：急救。涉及动物咬伤，烧伤，刀伤和中毒等一般急救常识。家庭安全须知，实施急救时的注意事项。

2. 材料：听力：两段对话：父亲带被狗咬伤的儿子与护士的对话；母亲带误喝墨水的女儿与护士的对话。阅读材料：（1）DR ABC：介绍急救的重要性以及实施急救时的注意事项和步骤。（2）：介绍如何处理一般性的创伤。（3）：FIRST AID RIGHT AND WRONG：介绍对于车祸，溺水，火灾，中毒时急救时的正确与错误的方法。

3. 写作：写一篇如何进行急救的文章。

4. 语法：继续学习有关虚拟语气的句型的用法。

5. 语言学习：词汇，语法。

（二）重点单词，短语的用法：

1. 运用构词知识理解下列单词：

bleed；container；electrical；airway；circulate；circulation；recovery；explanation；

2. witness：目击；目睹；见证；证据，目击者。

People who have witnesses an accident often wish that they had done things differently.

The whole world has witnesses the great progress China has made in science and technology.

I was a witness to their quarrel.

3. calm：宁静的，镇静的；使……平静，镇定。

The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.

The city is calm again after yesterday’s riots.

注意比较：quiet; silent; still

quiet：没有干扰的安静，无动静。

silent：寂静，指人：沉默不语。

still：静止不动

They lived a quiet life in the countryside.

He was silent for a moment, and then began his answer.

Te Swede stood quite still, except that his lips moved slightly.

4. response：作答，回答，响应

If we were to get hurt trying to save someone, we would not be able to help. R is for response. We can do a lot of good by simply asking “Are you all right ?”

There have been several responses to our advertisement.

注意动词形式：respond:

Calling an ambulance or the police is important, but there is more we can and should do. If we know how to respond, we can save lives.

5. sudden：突然的，突发的，意外的

If the old man had been sent to hospital in time, he would not have died of sudden heart attack.

注意短语: all of a sudden=suddenly

We were talking on the phone when all a sudden, the line went dead.

6. catch fire：着火

If a pan of oil catches fire, turn off the gas and cover the pan quickly.

注意fire 的其他短语：

make a fire: 生火；set fire to sth：放火烧；be on fire: 起火（表示状态）；热衷于

The man made a fire and began to cook supper.

As a child, she was on fire for dancing.

7. keep in mind：记住

The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay calm.

Keep in mind, even any small careless mistake could lead to a serious accident.

8. in honor of：为向……表示敬意；为庆祝……；为纪念……

When Edison died, it was suggested that the American people turn off all power in their homes, streets and factories for several minutes in honor of this great man.

There will be a party in honor of his success.

9. in case of：万一，假使，以免；（后面接名词）；in case+陈述句：

A first-aid kit is a box or bag of useful items and information that may be helpful in case of emergency.

In case I forget, please remind me in time.

He takes a flashlight in case it gets dark before he returns.

（三）阅读材料中的难点句的解释与分析：

1. Never leave small things a baby can put in its mouth on the floor or table.

不要把婴幼儿能放入口中的小东西丢在地板上或桌子上。

注意leave的用法：离开；留下；使……处于某种状态；遗忘在……

Soon my father lost his job and I had to leave school again.

Would you leave a message for him ?

His letter left me feeling pretty bad.

His parents died, leaving him an orphan.

He used to leave windows open while sleeping.

She left her umbrella on the bus.

2. The question will also calm the person, letting him or her know that help is on the way.

这个问题能使他/她镇静下来，让他/她知道援助就要来了。

letting him or her know that help is on the way：现在分词做状语。

on the way：在路上；接近；即将

Heavy snow is on the way.

He is on the way to becoming a doctor.

Can you mail these letters on your way downtown ?

注意其他有关way的短语：in the way：挡路；in a way：在某种程度上；in this way：用这种方法。

3. Seconds count in an emergency, and knowing what to do can mean the difference between life and death.

紧急情况下分秒必争，懂得应当做些什么可能意味着生死之别。

count：有价值，有重要性；有影响

It is not what you say but what you do that counts.

She is the only person that really counts around here.

【典型例题】

1. A way must be thought of the fire_____. It’s too dangerous .

A. to stop; from spreading B. to keep; spreading

C. preventing; spreading D. keeping; from spreading

答案：A

分析：think of away to do sth. 想出一个办法做某事。若选B，则第二空应用from spreading。

2. If we can’t borrow the money, we’ll have to without.

A. supply B. manage C. support D. stand

答案：B

分析：manage without（sth.）应付某事。句意为“我借不到钱，只好将就了。”

3. The street was named after a great man _ his great contributions to the city.

A. in honor of B. instead of

C. in case of D. in need of

答案：A

分析：句意为“这条街以一个伟人的名字命名，以纪念他为城市做出的贡献。”

4. What would have happened , as far as the river bank?

A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

答案：C

分析：根据主句的谓语动词“would have happened”，可以断定此题考查“与过去事实相反”的虚拟语气。从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，可省去连词if将had前置。

5. I insisted to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing ____wrong with him.

A. on him to go; should be B. he went; be

C. he go; was D. he should go; is

答案：C

分析：前一个insist意为“坚持要求；一定要”，接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用（should）+do；后一个insist表示“坚持说，坚决认为”，其后接陈述语气的从句，谓语动词用所需的各种时态。

6. Unless you wear boots, you may get ___ by snakes.

A. eaten B. broken C. bitten D. killed

答案：C

分析：get bitten被咬伤。

7. When the doctor tells you to , he means to ask you to draw a .

A. breath deeply; deeply breath B. breathe deep; breath deeply

C. breathe deeply; deep breath D. breath deep; deep breathe

答案：C

分析：第一空缺少动词，用breathe，被副词deeply修饰；第二空缺少名词，用breath，被形容词deep修饰。

8. Jane’s pale face suggested that she ill, and her parents suggested that she a medical examination.

A. be; should have B. was; have

C. should be; had D. was; has

答案：B

分析：第一个suggest意为“表明”，接从句时，从句中谓语动词用所需的时态；后一个suggest意为“建议”，接宾语从句时，从句中谓语动词用“（should）+do”。

9. The children when they realized they were lost.

A. frightened B. surprised C. astonished D. paniced

答案：D

分析：panic：惊慌；恐慌，A,B,C均为及物动词，与句子结构不吻合。

10. Be careful with that match. That straw easily.

A. catches fire B. is on fire C. sets fire D. sets on fire

答案：A

分析：“小心，火柴! 麦秆容易着火。”强调动作，用catch fire。Be on fire着火了，强调状态。set on fire相当于set fire to…放火烧……

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. We have no vacancies（空缺）now, but we will ___ your application in mind.

A. have B. give C. keep D. make

2. He was conscious a heavy weight in his stomach.

A. to B. in C. for D, of

3. Every time Smith he pulled over more of the bedclothes to his side.

A. fell over B. went over

C. rolled over D. ran over

4. If your blood badly, your hands and feet will get cold easily.

A. passes B. crosses C. circulates D. circles

5. We heard of your recovery fever.

A. of B. to C. from D, on

6. A person with poor ought to see his doctor regularly.

A. spread B. circulation C. flow D. cut

7. Don’t leave the gas on-you might the house.

A. cut down B. fall down C. put down D. burn down

8. You didn’t have to take the medicine, but your head may less if you do so. A. hurt B. be hurt C. injure D. be injured

9. The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver really careless.

A. had happened B. is C. were D. was

10. -Tom, keep your on your studies.

- Sure, Mum. I’ll keep that in .

A. mind; mind B. heart; head C. brain; mind D heart; brain

11. -I’m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke. I was very tired.

-There is no for this while you are on duty.

A. reason B. excuse C. cause D. explanation

12. If the cost of trip is more than $1, 000, you can the child.

A. count on B. count up C. count in D. count off

13. All possible means . However, nothing can him dying of lung cancer.

A. has tried; stop B. have been tried; keep

C. has been tried; prevent D. have been tried; stop

14. Christmas is ; we are in November already.

A. on the way B. in the way C. out of the way D. by the way

15. Things such as cotton, paper easily.

A. set fire B. catch fire C. light a fire D. make a fire

二. 完型填空

In the United States Government, the Congress（议会）__ 1__ the laws. The Congress has two parts, __2___ are more or less equal in power. They are __3__ as the House of Representatives and the Senate（参议院）. The House of Representatives is ___4___ than the Senate whose 100 members（two from each state）___5__ for six years, the 435 members of the House are __6__ every two years, and the __7__ from each state is determined by the __8__ of the state. For example, California, which has a ___9__ population, has forty-three Representatives, __10___ the state of Nevada has only one.

The House and Senate are divided into small groups which __11__ special matters such as education or foreign affairs. The most __12__ work of the Congress is often done in these groups, which are __13___ committees.

According to the Constitution（宪法）of the United States, a Senator must be __14__ thirty years old and he must have been a __15__ of the United States for nine years at the time of his __16__. To be elected to the House a person must be twenty-five years old __17___ must have been a United States citizen for seven years. At the present time, members of Congress __18___ businessmen, farmers, teachers and especially lawyers.

In general, Senators are __19__ known than Representatives because they are __20___ in number and serve for a longer time. Many American Presidents served in Congress before they became presidents.

1. A. defends B. practices C. makes D. carries out

2. A. they B. that C. both D. which

3. A. thought B. called C. regarded D. known

4. A. more B. larger C. stranger D. more powerful

5. A. serve B. select C. stand D. last

6. A. selected B. changed C. chosen D. elected

7. A. member B. person C. number D. seat

8. A. people B. size C. population D. condition

9. A. more B. large C. great D. high

10. A. while B. however C. yet D. instead

11. A. in charge of B. manage C. take care of D. control

12. A. difficult B. important C. ordinary D. successful

13. A. recognize B. made C. considered D. called

14. A. at least B. as old as C. well over D. as young as

15. A. master B. doctor C. member D. citizen

16. A. graduation B. election C. position D. practice

17. A. or B. also C. and D. but

18. A. accept B. include C. unite D. invite

19. A. better B. more C. less D. seldom

20. A. fewer B. weaker C. bigger D. less

三. 阅读理解

Valentine’s Day is on 14, February each year. It is a day for lovers, and one of the loveliest holidays in the United States.

Very few Americans know the story of Valentine’s Day. One English story says that more than 2,000 years ago the ancient Romans celebrate a holiday for lovers. As part of the celebration, girls wrote names on pieces of paper and put them in a large container. Boys reached their hands into the container and pulled one out. The girl whose name was written on the paper became his lover or sweetheart for a year. Then came a Roman priest Valentinus, who secretly performed marriage ceremonies for many young lovers against Roman King’s order. The Roman Emperor got angry and ordered the killing of Valentinus on February 14, 269 AD.

It is very popular to send cards decorated with hearts and flowers to express love. Today many Americans like to send humorous cards to their husbands, wives, mothers, fathers, sons, daughters, relatives, and even special friends. Some enjoy the joke of sending “guess who” cards to a person he or she secretly admires. Sometimes they put their love message in a heart-shaped box of chocolates, or a bunch of flowers tied with red ribbons. Candy, perfume, jewelry or a picture with a heart and Cupid（the Roman god of love）, who is armed with a bow and arrow, are also sent to express love. Many couples arrange romantic dinners by candlelight for this occasion. Universities also hold a Sweetheart Ball for the young students to celebrate Valentine’s Day.

1. Why was Valentinus killed in ancient Rome ?

A. He didn’t finish the task the Emperor gave him.

B. He was poor and the Emperor didn’t want to marry his daughter to him.

C. He told people how to celebrate Valentine’s Day, which made the Emperor angry.

D. He didn’t follow the Emperor’s order and secretly married young lovers.

2. What do the university students nowadays do on Valentine’s Day ?

A. They celebrate the Valentine’s Day in the same way just as the Romans did over 2,000 years ago.

B. They just send cards decorated with hearts and flowers to the person they love.

C. They take part in a Sweetheart Ball, which is held for them.

D. They arrange romantic dinners by candlelight for this occasion.

3. The passage is mainly about ____.

A. they story of Valentine’s Day.

B. how students celebrate Valentine’s Day in universities.

C. how Valentine’s Day was celebrated more than 2,000 years ago.

D. the origin of Valentine’s Day and the modern ways of celebrating it.

4. “Guess who” card is _____.

A. an unsigned card.

B. given to friends and family members.

C. sent to a person with flowers, perfume or a picture.

D. usually to their friends by students in universities.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择

1. C 句意为“我们目前没有空缺，但是我们一定记住你申请的事。”keep sb.／sth. in mind记住某人或某事。

2. D be conscious of… 意识到……为一固定用法。

3. C fall over摔倒；绊倒，go over复习；温习，roll over翻身；翻转；倒转，run over（车辆）碾压；压死。

4. C 句意为“血液循环不良，手脚容易变冷。”circulate循环，与句意吻合。

5. C recovery from…从……中恢复健康，为一固定用法。

6. B 本题考查词义辨析。spread“传播”；circulation“循环”；flew“流动”；cut切伤，割伤。根据句意选B。

7. D burn down sth. 或burn sth. down的意思是“把……烧光或夷为平地”，其余选项不合句意．

8. A hurt在此作“疼痛”讲。

9. D 要认真审题才能选出正确答案，根据句中信息but不难选出D项，此处的was，是指当时的实际情况。

10. A 本题考查两个固定搭配。Keep one’s mind on sth. 是“专心做某事的意思”；keep sth. in mind：记住

11. B excuse：借口，其余选项不合句意。

12. C 本题考查count短语的用法。count on “依靠、指望”；count up“加起来”count in: 把……算进去；count off

13. D mean作“方式、手段”讲时。单复数相同，在此是复敷；作“阻止”讲时，stop sb. from doing中的from可省略，而keep sb. from doing中的from不可省略。

14. A on the／one’s way在此作“即将，迈向”讲。

15. B catch fire “着火’；set fire “纵火”light a fire：点火，make a fire“生火”。根据句子的意思应用catch fire。

二. 完型填空

1. C 美国议会负责制定法律。make the laws；制定法律。Carry out；执行。议会不可能执行法律.法律应由具体的部门去执行。

2. D 本句是非限定性定语从句，which在从句中做主语。句义：议会分为两部分，他们在权利上差不多平等。

3. D 议会的两部分就是人们所知道的众议院和参议院。

4. B 根据上下文提示，议员总数为435人，参议院占100人，众议院比参议院人数多。英语中表示人数或人口“多”用large 表达

5. A serve在此是“任职”的意思。这100人任职长达6年。

6. D 根据上下文可知: 议会议员是由投票选举产生的. Select:选择; change:改变; chosen:选择，所以A，B，C不符和题义。Elected：选举。

7. C

8.C 根据句义：每个州的议员人数是由该州的人口总数决定的

9. B

10. A 加利福尼亚州人口较多，有43名议员，而内华达州只有一个议员. While连词：而强调前后的对比。

11. C 根据句义：参众两院分成若干小组负责诸如教育，外交等特殊事物。In charge of“负责”，但它和主语which之间缺少谓语be动词。所以A排除。Take care of “照顾，……负责”符合题义。B、D的词义与文章不符。

12. B

13. D 根据句义：议会中最重要的工作通常是由这些被称为委员会的小组完成的

14. A 15. D

16. B 根据美国宪法，参议员最低年龄为30岁，并且到他被选举为参议员之时他必须已成为美国公民满九年。

17. C and表示“并且”竞选众议员必须年龄在25岁以上，并且取得美国公民资格满7年。

18. B include:包括。根据句义，美国国会议员包括商人，农场主，教师特别是律师。而accept：接受，unite：统一，联合，invite：邀请。这几个答案不合题义。

19. A 根据举句义:参议员比众议员更为出名。Better 是well的比较级。

20. A 根据句义：参议员人数少且任期长。此句的主语是“人”所以描述“多”与“少”的形容词用few /little，不能用little修饰。

三. 阅读理解

1. D 根据第二段：Then came a Roman priest Valentinus, who secretly performed marriage ceremonies for many young lovers against Roman King’s order.可以得知Valentinus被罗马帝国皇帝杀死的原因。

2. C 根据第三段最后一句：Universities also hold a Sweetheart Ball for the young students to celebrate Valentine’s Day.可以得知大学生庆祝情人节的方式。

3. D 文章的第二段讲述了历史上情人节的来历，第三段讲述了现代人特别是年轻人庆祝情人节的方式。由此可以判断出文章的主旨。

4. A 从第三段：Some enjoy the joke of sending “guess who” cards to a person he or she secretly admires.可以看出这种贺卡上一般不签名。

篇5：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 9-Saving the earth

1. 单元内容介绍与分析

2. 重点词汇与短语讲解

3. 重，难点句的解释与分析

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容介绍与分析：

1. 本单元的中心话题是“拯救地球’，具体涉及地球所面临的问题、造成这些问题的原因和解决问题的办法等。语言技能和语言知识都是围绕拯救地球这一中心话题设计的。

2. 学习材料：听力”（Listening）部分提供了一段演说词，谈到了地球所面临的问题。第一部分要求学生通过听弄清说话者的观点，并根据所听内容预测下文；第二部分要求学生列出说话人的观点等，然后预测下文。

“阅读”（Reading）部分是一篇关于“地球峰会”的介绍性文章。文章介绍了在南非首都约翰内斯堡召开的“地球峰会（The Earth Summit）”的基本情况，包括会议召开的背景、会议的主题以及与会者所讨论的主要问题和提出的解决办法等。通过对该文章的阅读，可以丰富学生有关本单元主题的语言和信息。

“综合技能”部分设计了听、说、写的活动，以写为主线。听的内容是“地球峰会”上的两篇发言。在听的基础上，要求学生陈述他们的观点。写的活动包括听中补充提纲，听后写要点、提纲以及说后写段落，环环相扣，层层深入。

“语言学习”：掌握有关倒装句的几个常用结构。

（二）词汇学习：

运用构词知识理解下列单词：

ecology；environmentalist；sustainable；killer；equality；fairness；responsibility；cooperation；willingness；incorrect

（三）重点词汇与短语的用法：

1. issue：问题；争议；发行；分配，期刊

You will attend the meeting and discuss the issue.

I just got a rise, so money is no longer an issue.

Unemployment is not the issue-the real problem is the decline in public morality.

The article will appear in the next month's issue.

The post office issued the stamps last week.

2. content：内容；目录；容量；满足；满意

Without reading the text, try to predict its content.

The content of your essay is excellent, but it’s not very well expressed.

注意表达“满足，满意”的短语：

be content with sth.

be content to do sth.

He is content with life.

John seems content to sit in front of the television all night.

3. access：接近；进入；接近……的方法；到达……的权利

20% of the people on earth do not have access to clean drinking water.

The house is in the center part of the town with good access to the shops.

Hospitals should give patients the right of access to their medical records.

All the branch managers can access the data bank of the general office.

4. responsibility：责任；责任心；职责

Rich countries have a responsibility towards poor countries and must do whatever they can to help others.

Taking care of family is a big responsibility.

注意构词形式：responsibility的形容词形式为responsible；常见短语是：be responsible for：替/对……负责。

She is my student, and I must be responsible for her.

5. in harmony with：与…协调/和谐；反义词out of harmony with

With better education, people will be able to build a better Society in harmony with nature and perhaps put an end to the death and sufferings caused by the big three.

His tastes are in harmony with mine.

Bob and I worked together in harmony for years.

6. put an end to：结束

We must put an end to this foolish behaviour.

The chief task of the moment is to put an end to the terrible pollution in the rivers.

（四）辨析下列单词（近义词）

1. affect / effect

affect：动词：影响；感动；侵袭

effect：名词：影响，效果；常见短语：have an effect on sb./ sth.

What we do is important because it affects the environment.

All the people in the room were affected to tears.

The medicine has little effect on the old man.

2. defend / protect / guard

defend：用武力或其他措施保护人们不受损害。辩护。

protect：用各种安全防御措施尽力照顾某人不受损害。

guard： 留心守望，警戒

Make sure that you are ready to answer questions and defend your argument.

It is the duty of every Chinese citizen to defend motherland.

Clothes protect us from cold.

Tow big dogs guard the farm.

（五）重，难点句的解释与分析

1. One of the main themes Of the summit was “sustainable development’，or the question of how we can continue developing the world without damaging the environment.

其主题之一是“可持续发展”，也就是如何在不破坏环境的情况下使世界继续发展的问题。

（1）句中or意为“也就是：即”，用于补充说明上文的内容。例如：

The company is paying the rent or at least Contributing to it

or的用法很多，除了上述的意思外，常见的还有：

Don’t put anything plastic in the oven or it will probably start melting.

Are you going with your parents or by yourself ?

（2）without doing结构在句子中作状语，表示“在没发生……情况下”。

They left the school in a hurry, without saying goodbye to anyone.

2. Air pollution alone causes almost three million deaths.

仅空气污染就造成了近三百万人死亡。

（1）alone在此是副词，用在名词或代词后面，表示“只，只有；仅仅”。

He alone is not responsible for it.

Money alone cannot make you happy.

alone还可以解释“单独地；独自地”。

He likes to go it alone in everything.

alone作形容词时，解释“单独的; 唯一的：独一无二的”，在句子作表语。

I am not alone in this opinion.

（2）deaths：可数名词：死亡的人数。不可数名词指：死亡。

3. If we are to develop the world successfully, we must make sure that everyone is able to take part in the new world we create.

如果我们要成功地开发世界，就必须确保人人都能够参与我们创造的新世界。

be +to do sth这个结构常常表示安排，命令、职责、义务、目的、用途，可能性、命中注定等含义。例如：

We are to meet at the school gate.

You are to be back by 10 o'clock.

The prize is to honour him for his great discovery.

4. Richer countries have a responsibility towards poorer countries and must do whatever they can to help others.

富国对于穷国负有责任，他们必须尽可能地帮助其他国家。

do whatever one can相当于do what one can，只是前者的语气更强。

（六）阅读材料中的典型倒装句：

1. Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible.

没有国际合作，发展中国家合作就不可能繁荣，可持续发展也就不可能实现。

由nor，neither，not，hardly，seldom, never等表示否定意思的词位于句首时，句子采用部分倒装结构。部分倒装类似一般疑问句结构。

Never have I met him.

Seldom have we seen such big melons.

Hardly had she entered the house when she heard the dog barking.

2. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.

只有我们改变自己的生活方式，才能拯救地球。

由“only+状语”结构位于句首，句子也需采用部分倒装结构。

Only in this way can you work out the maths problem.

Only when Tom returns this afternoon will the meeting began.

3. Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, 1 would never have bought one.

要是我以前知道空调会造成大量的污染，我就不会买它了。

这是一个含有虚拟语气结构的句子，其中条件句的引导词if被省略，按照倒装句的规则，采用部分倒装句。原结构是

If I had known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, 1 would never have bought one.

4. A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act.

更好地了解环保是必要的，行动的愿望也是必要的。

as相当于so：通常表达“……也是一样”可以说：as / so is（was ; does; do; did….）+主语。

He believed, as did all his family, that God would bless them.

【典型例题】

单项选择：

1. We sat there, with what we listened to.

A. satisfying B. to satisfy C. contented D. content

答案：D

分析：content形容词，作伴随状语；也可以用satisfied。

2. Passengers are _____ to be careful of pickpockets.

A. hoped B. informed C. advised D. suggested

答案：C

分析：句意为“乘客被告知要谨防小偷。”advise sb. to do sth．变形为be advised to do sth…其他三项都不能用于这一结构中。

3. When she fainted, her friends opened a window and put cold water on her face to her.

A. refine B. revive C. revise D. reverse

答案：B

分析：句意为“她昏倒后，她的朋友们打开窗户，井把凉水洒在她的脸上，以使她苏醒过来。”revive使苏醒，与句意吻合。

4. No one was ____ for the damage of the broken window, because it was broken by the storm .

A. excused B. considered C. responsible D. possible

答案：C

分析：be responsible for.: 对……负责。

5. You must to this bad behaviour.

A. give up B. do away C. put an end D. make way

答案：C

分析：句意为“你必须克服这个恶习。”put an end to sth. 去掉……与句意吻合。

6. Some people say that students' progress in school is __ by environment and heredity.

A. effected B. affected C. offered D. afforded

答案：B

分析：“有些人认为学生们在学校的进步是会受到环境和遗传因素影响的。”affect影响，与句意吻合。

7. The branches could hardly the weight of the fruit.

A. retain B. sustain C. maintain D. remain

答案：B

分析：sustain the weight of sth. 支撑某物。retain保留；保持，maintain维持，remain剩下，留下。

8. Over a third of the population was estimated to have no ____ to the health service.

A. appointment B. assignment C. exception D. access

答案：D

分析：“估计有超过三分之一的人没有机会享受健康服务。”have（no）access to“有（没有）机会进入（享受；使用）……”。

9. The basic causes are unknown, although certain conditions that may lead to cancer have been ____.

A. identified B. informed C. conveyed D. undertaken

答案：A

分析：identify认出；识别，inform通知；告知，convey传播；传达，undertake保证。句意为“癌症的根本起因还不清楚，但某些可能会导致癌症的条件已被发现。”

10. There was once a town in this country where all life seemed to live in ___ with its surroundings.

A. chance B. harmony C. ability. D. introduction

答案：B

分析：句意为“在这个国家曾有一个小城镇，那儿所有的生命与周围的环境都和谐地生存着。”in harmony with协调一致；和谐，与句意吻合。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. The doctor telephoned to say that he couldn’t ____ the meeting because he had to ___ a patient.

A. came to; attend to B. attend; attend

C. join; treat D. attend on; look after

2. Once out of the earth’s gravity, the astronaut is by the problem of weightlessness.

A. affected B. effected C. related D. offered

3. Access the mountain-town is often difficult because of the bad roads.

A. of B. with C. to D. on

4. is a good chance that I'I1 finish the work tomorrow.

A. It B. There C. This D. That

5. He soon found himself his new co-workers.

A. in harmony of B. in the harmony of

C. in harmony with D. in the harmony with

6. Her father gave her the ___ of going on to college or starting to work.

A. chance B. opportunity C. alternative D. possibility

7. They their side of the field very well.

A. defended B. protected C. keep D. prevent

8. I feel that it was time for me to ____.

A. take actions B. take an action

C. take the action D. take action

9. The town’s drinking-water _____ with prim chemicals at present.

A. contaminates B. is contaminated

C. is being contaminated D. has been contaminated

10. The students on the professor’s lecture now and then.

A. took note B. took notes C. took notice D. took action

11. Only after reaching eighteen join the army.

A. have you; you can B. have you; can you

C. you have; you can D. you have; can you

12. So funny ___ that everyone burst into laughing.

A. she looked B. was she looking

C. did she look D. had she looked

13. a nice man that we all believe him.

A. So; he seined B. So; did he seem

C. Such; he seethed D. Such; did he seem

14. ____ sat down for a rest the door bell rang.

A. Hardly I had; when B. Hardly I had; than

C. Hardly had I; than D. Hardly had h when

15. Not only ____ this machine, but ____ it.

A. can he run; can he repair B. he can run; can he repair

C. he can run; he can repair D. can he run; he ran repair

二. 阅读理解：

（A）

The view over a valley of a tiny village with thatched（茅草盖的）roof cottages around a church; a drive through a narrow village street lined with thatched cottages painted pink or white; the sight over the rolling hills of thatched farm buildings--these are still common sights in parts of England. Most people will agree that the thatched roof is an essential part of the attraction of the

English countryside.

Thatching is in fact the oldest of all the building crafts（行业）practiced in the British Isles. Although thatch has always been used for cottages and farm buildings, it was once used for castles and churches, too.

Thatching is a solitary（独自的）craft, which often runs in families. The craft of thatching as it is practiced today has changed very little since the Middle Ages. Over 800 full-time thatchers are employed in England and Wales today, maintaining and renewing the old roofs as well as thatching newer houses. Many property owners choose thatch not only for its beauty but because they know it will keep them cool in summer and warm in winter.

In fact, if we look at developing countries, over half the world lives under thatch, but they all do it in different ways. People in developing countries are often unwilling to go back to traditional materials and would prefer modem buildings. However, they may lack the money to allow them to import the necessary materials. Their temporary（临时的）small mud house with thatched roofs of wild grasses often only last six months. Thatch which has been done in the British way lasts from twenty to sixty years, and is an effective defense against the heat.

1. Which of the following remains a unique feature of the English countryside ?

A. Narrow streets lined with pink or white farm buildings.

B. Rolling hills with pretty farm buildings.

C. Cottage with thatched roofs.

D. Churches with cottages around them.

2. What do we know about thatching as a craft?

A. It is a collective activity.

B. It is in most cases handed down among family members.

C. It is quite different from what it used to be.

D. It is practiced on farms all over England.

3. People in developed countries also live under thatch because

A. thatched cottages are a big tourist attraction

B. thatched roof houses are the cheapest

C. thatch is an effective defense against the heat.

D. they like thatched houses better than other buildings

4. Thatched houses are still preferred because of

A. their style and comfort

B. their high quality

C. their easy keeping

D. their ready-made materials

（B）

Coketown was a town of red brick, or of brick that would have been red if the smoke and ashes had allowed it; but in fact it was a town of unnatural red and black like the painted face of savage（野人）. It was a town of machinery and tall chimney, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever. It had a black canal in it, and a river that ran purple with ill smelling color, and large piles of building full of windows where there was a rattling and a trembling all day long, and where the steam-engine worked up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness. The town contained several large streets all very like one another, and many small streets still more like one another, inhabited（居住）by people equally like one another.

A sunny midsummer day. There was such a thing sometimes even in Coketown. Seen from a distance in such a weather, Coketown lay covered in a smoke of its own. You only knew the town was there, because you knew there could have been no such a place upon the view without a town.

The streets were hot and dusty on the summer day, and the sun was so bright that it even shone through the smoke over Coketown, and could not be looked at steadily. Workers appeared from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on steps, wiping their face sand looking at coals. The whole town seemed to be frying in oil. There was a smell of hot oil everywhere. The atmosphere of those places was like the breath of hell（地狱）, and their inhabitants wasting with heat, walked lazily in the desert. But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane（理智的）. Their tiresome heads went up and down at the sane rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry. The measured movement of their shadows of wood; while for the summer noise of insects, it could offer all the year round, from the dawn of Monday to the night of Saturday.

1. Which of the following words is NOT properly used to describe Coketown ?

A. unpleasant B. dirty C. noisy D. deserted

2. From the passage we know that Coketown was mainly a（n）_____town.

A. industrial B. agricultural C. historical D. cultural

3. Only _____ were not affected by weather.

A. the workmen B. the habitants C. the steam-engines D. the woods

4. Which is the author’s opinion of Coketown?

A. Coketown should be replaced by woods

B. The town had too much oil in it

C. The town was seriously polluted

D. The town’s atmosphere was unchanged

三. 短文改错：

When Joe left university, he got a good work in a bike factory. 1. ______

But after he had been worked there for some years, he decided 2. ______

to have change, so he put a notice in several newspapers, 3. ______

saying what experiences he had and the kind of job he would 4. ______

like to have. One of the answers he accepted was from a man 5. ______

was looking for a job, too. This man wrote to him, “Dear, sir, 6. ______

when you get a new job, be kind enough to give your name and 7. ______

address to your present boss as I have been trying to find 8. ______

a position like yours for a long time.” After he reads the letter, 9. ______

he suddenly realized that what he had done was real foolish. 10. _____

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. B 参加会议常用attend（be present at）the meeting，照看病人可用attend（on）a patient或look after a patient。

2. A 句意为“一旦摆脱了地球吸引力，宇航员就受到失重问题的影响。”affect vt. 影响，与句意吻合。

3. C “由于路况不好，进入山城总是很难。access to… 进入……接近……为一固定用法。

4. B there is a good chance（that）… 有可能发生某事，为一固定句型。

5. C in harmony with 与……和睦；与……和谐．为一固定短语。

6. C 句意为“她父亲让她在上大学继续求学和开始工作之间作出抉择。alternative“两者（或两者以上）选一”，与句意相符。

7. A 句意为“他们侧面防守很好。”defend防守；防御，与句意吻合。

8. D take action采取行动．为一固定短语。

9. C “这城市的饮用水目前正受到有毒化学药品的污染。”drinking-water与contaminate之间存在被动关系，由at present可知应用进行时的被动式，

10. B “学生们听教授讲课时不时地做笔记。”take notes“做笔记”，为一固定搭配。

11. D 在only之后的从句要倒装。

12. C look作“看起来”讲时无进行时态，空格处无需使用完成时。

13. D “such+名词”位于句首时，句子要倒装。

14. D Hardly…when…表示“一……就……”，位于句首时，主句要倒装。

15. D not only引导的句子中前一个分句倒装，后一个分句不倒装。

二. 阅读理解：

（A）

1. C 从文中第一段最后一句可知，茅草屋成为英国农村一道独特的（unique）风景o

2. B 从第三段第一句话可知。

3. C 从全文最后一句话可知。

4. A 人们今天仍然在使用茅草屋是因为它们的经济与实用（冬暖夏凉）。

（B）

1. D 从全文对整个小镇的描述看；小镇让人感到不舒服，肮脏，充满了噪音。所以D项不符合对小镇的描述。Deserted：荒废的。

2. A 整座小镇是一个工业城镇。从这样几处细节可以看出：第一段：It was a town of machinery and tall chimney, out of which smoke trailed themselves for ever and ever.；第二段：Seen from a distance in such a weather, Coketown lay covered in a smoke of its own.；以及第三段：Workers appeared from low underground doorways into factory yards, and sat on steps, wiping their face sand looking at coals。

3. C 根据第三段：But no temperature made the mad elephants more mad or more sane（理智的）. Their tiresome heads went up and down at the sane rate, in hot weather and in cold, wet weather and dry.。在第一段曾把the steam-engine比喻为处于疯狂状态的大象。即：the steam-engine worked up and down like the head of an elephant in a state of madness.。

4. C 小镇的景色明显受着严重的工业污染。

四. 短文改错：

When Joe left university, he got a good work in a bike factory. 1. job

But after he had been worked there for some years, he decided 2. 去掉been

to have∧ change, so he put a notice in several newspapers, 3. a

saying what experiences he had and the kind of job he would 4. experience

like to have. One of the answers he accepted was from a man 5. received

was looking for a job, too. This man wrote to him, “Dear, sir, 6. 去掉was

when you get a new job, be kind enough to give your name and 7. my

address to your present boss as I have been trying to find 8. √

a position like yours for a long time.” After he reads the letter, 9. read

he suddenly realized that what he had done was real foolish. 10. really

篇6：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 10-Frightening nature

1. 单元内容介绍与分析

2. 重点词汇和短语的用法

3. 难点句的解释与分析

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容介绍与分析：

1. 本单元的中心话题是“自然灾害”，具体涉及火山爆发、飓风和台风等。

2. 听力（Listening）部分提供了一则天气预报。这个听力练习要求学生结合听力材料和所给的地图，弄清其主旨大意和性质，并且尽可能多地从听力材料中获取细节信息。

3. 阅读第一部分是一篇关于--一次灾难性经历的叙述性文章。文章作者根据本人记忆和叔叔的笔记，描述了意大利南部的维苏威火山于公元79年爆发的情景，特别记叙了作者的叔叔在本次灾难中所表现出来的勇敢和无畏精神。通过对该文章的阅读，丰富了学生有关本单元主题的语言和信息。

4. 阅读的第二部分提供了一篇关于台风的记叙文，要求学生在阅读的基础上进行大胆、合理的想象，续写故事的结局。目的在于丰富学生的想象力的同时，帮助学生掌握描写的写作技能。

5. 交际用语：练习表达“焦急、害怕”等情感的交际用语。

6. 语法：掌握英语省略句的使用方法。

三. 重点词汇和短语的用法：

1. 运用构词知识理解掌握下列单词：

frightening；threat；terrify；erupt；courage；arrival；unbelievable；uncomfortable

2. 重点单词的用法：

（1）bury：埋藏，掩藏，埋头于，专心致志于……

About two thousand years ago a volcano in southern Italy erupted and buried two small towns under meters of hot ash and mud.

She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper.

注意以下几个常用的短语：

bury the hatch：言归于好

bury / hide one’s head in the sand：闭眼不顾事实

bury oneself in：埋头于，专心致志于

（2）attention：注意；常用短语如下：

draw / attract / catch one’s attention：吸引某人的注意

pay attention to：注意

May I have your attention, please.常用的交际用语：各位，请注意。

（3）rise：升起，上升，起床，上涨，（不及物动词，无被动式）

We watched it rising from a mountain - at such a distance we couldn’t tell which one, but we later learnt that it was Mount Vesuvius.

She rose to greet her guests.

Great cheers rose from the people outside.

The people rose up against their oppressors.

注意对比raise：（及物动词）提高。

He raised his voice so that he could make himself heard in the crowd.

（4）sight：情景，视觉，视野。

The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

What a beautiful sight those roses make !

Come and see the sights of London.

注意：in / out of sight：看见/ 看不见；

catch sight of：突然看见。

lose one’s sight：失明。

（5）urge：催促，力劝；强烈要求

He paused for a moment wondering whether to turn back as the captain urged him.

What were the cause that has urged Germany into war ?

The teacher urged us to hand in our exercises.

He urged me to stay for dinner.

Let me urge the importance of this measure.

（6）immediately：立刻，马上，直接地

Helped by two slaves he stood up, and immediately fell down dead.

I recognized her immediately I saw her .

3. 重点短语的用法：

（1）knock about

（2）live through

（3）in circles

四. 难点句的解释与分析：

1. We watched it rising from a mountain - at such a distance we couldn't tell which one, but we later learnt that it was Mount Vesuvius.

我们看着它从山上升腾起来--如此远的距离使我们看不出是哪座山，但后来我们得知是维苏威火山。

tell意思是“区别”。又如：

Human taste buds can tell the difference between four basic flavours.

It is often difficult to tell identical twins from each other, even when they are standing side by side.

2. The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

一看到这种情景，叔叔身上的科学精神被唤醒了，他要靠近火山去看个究竟。这句话带有拟人修辞成分：由sight唤醒the scientist in my uncle。这种手法在英语中十分常见。

例如：

The study says there must be a complete overhaul of air traffic control system.

at hand意思是“在手边”；“在跟前”。又如：

I haven't the dictionary at hand, but I will show it to you later.

I want you to be at hand during my interview with the applicants.

3. Her house lay at the foot of Vesuvius, and there was no way out except by boat.

她的家位于维苏威山脚下，除了乘船没有出路。

way out（克服困难的）办法，出路。例如：

He was trying to think of a way out, but it was impossible to find one.

In fact, I'm sure that's the only satisfactory way out.

4. Ash and bits of rock that were burnt black were falling onto the ship now, darker and more, the closer they went.

灰尘和烧黑的石块落进了小船，他们越是靠近，石块也越来越黑、越来越多。

注意the more…，the more结构的用法。例如：

The more you practice，the more perfect you will be. 越实践就越熟练。

5. He had to wait for a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.

他要等待合适的风向，此风向与我叔叔来时的相反。

the other way意思是“另一个方向”；相反。又如：

He turned the other way when he saw the police coming.

He thought it would be easier to go there than to come back, but it was just the other way,

right意思是“径直地”；“立即地”。又如：

The ship went right to the bottom,

He turned on the TV right after he came into the room.

6. He looked more asleep than dead.

他看上去好像没有死，而像是睡着了。

more…than… 与其说……，不如说……。例如：

Don’t be too hard on him. He is more misled than stupid .

7. You can pick out the important bits, for it is one thing to write a letter, another to write history, one thing to write to a friend, another to write for the public.

你可以从中挑选重要的片段。写信跟写历史是两码事，写信是给朋友的，而书则是为公众写的。

句型“It is one thing to do…，another to do…”意为“……是一回事，……又是另-回事”。例如：

It is one thing for you to stay here，another for me to ask you to stay here.

Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and tried to give him courage.

到达后，叔叔拥抱庞培，并尽力给他打气。

upon或on后跟表示动态的名词或动词-ing形式，表示“在（做某事）时，当（某事发生）时”。例如：

Upon arrival, they went in search of a hotel.

She was joyful upon seeing her child take his first place .

【典型例题】

1. You ought to stay. , your mother is ill, For another, your father is out.

A. Besides B. Anyhow C. For one thing D. Worse still

答案：C

分析：由后面的for another及全句意义可知，第一空表达的是“首次，一次”的意义。

2. Her brother to leave her in the dark room alone when she disobeyed his order.

A. declared B. threatened C. warned D. exclaimed

答案：B

分析：句意为“当她不服从她哥哥的命令时，他威胁要将她一个人留在黑乎乎的房间里。”declare不与to do搭配，warn应为warn sb. not to do；exclaim不合句意。

3. He’s suffering from an stomach .

A. anxious B. curious C. upset D. uneasy

答案：C

分析：句意为“他肚子不舒服。”upset不适的；不舒服的，与句意吻合

4. The tomato juice left brown ____ on the front of my jacket.

A. spot B. point C. track D. trace

答案：A

分析：句意为“番茄汁在我的夹克衫前面留下棕色的污点。”印d庞点；污点，与句意吻合。

5. The work endurance and patience.

A. calls on B. calls in C. calls at D. calls for

答案：D

分析：句意为“这工作需要耐力和耐心。”call for需要；要求，与句意吻合。

6. When climbing the hill, John was knocked unconscious by a roiling stone.

A. untouched B. unexpected C. unfamiliar D. unbelievable

答案：B

分析：句意为“约翰爬山时，被一块儿意想不到的滚石砸昏了。”

7. As a young man he suffered a lot from poverty . He used to in the market, trying to find a job for a few coins.

A. knock into B. knock down C. knock on D. knock about

答案：D

分析：“年轻时他很穷，经常在市场里闲逛．找些零活挣些小钱。

8. He would think to go there quicker than to come back, but it was just ____.

A. another way B. the other way C. other way D. the another way

答案：B

分析：“他觉得去时用的时间比来时短，其实正相反。”the other way相反．为一固定短语。

9. Jack ran for a doctor; ____ we stayed with the patient.

A. however B. anyhow C. immediately D. meanwhile

答案：D

分析：句子前后表示“at the same time”的意义，故应用meanwhile。

10. I want you to be during my interview with the applicants.

A. at hand B. at the hand C. in hand D. in the hand

答案：A

分析：句意为“申请人面试时我希望你在跟前。”at hand在手边；在眼前，与句意吻合。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）

一. 单项选择

1. He lay ____ when he heard the noise and rose _____ his feet.

A. awake; to B. awake; on C. wake; to D. wake

2. She is fit for the job. , she loves children, _____ , she has taught in a primary school.

A. First; then B. For one thing; for another

C. The first is; the second is D. For one thing; for the second

3. He’s perfectly to live in the mountain and paints pictures all day.

A. content B. popular C. anxious D. proud

4. It took Mary a long time to a new dress at the store.

A. pick up B. pick out C. turn out D. make up

5. Last year the advertising rate by 20 percent.

A. raised B. amused C. arose D. rose

6. He would think to go there quicker than to come back, but it was just ____.

A. another way B. the other way C. other way D. the another way

7. I shall have to __ to you, otherwise they will hear our future plan.

A. say B. show C. whisper D. whistle

8. What you have done is the doctor’s orders.

A. an the contrary B. contrary to C. the other way D. to the contrary

9. The guerrilla army tried to____ the government

A. knock B. overturn C. beat D. hit

10. He longed for a good marriage, a __ job and a guaranteed income. In other words, he wanted stability.

A. safe B. steady C. severe D. easy

二. 完型填空：

The yearly Marathon in my town usually happened during a heat wave. My job was to follow behind the runners in an ambulance __1__ any of them needed medical attention.

“We’re suppose to stay behind the __2__ runner, so take it slowly,” I said to the driver, Doug, as the race started.

The front-runners started to __3__ and then my eyes were ___4__ to the woman in blue silk running shorts and a loose white T-shirt.

We knew we were already watching our “last runner.” Her __5__ were so crippled（残疾的）that it seemed almost impossible for her to be able to walk, __6__ alone run a marathon.

Doug and I __7__ in silence as she slowly moved forward. __8__, she was the only runner left in sight. Tears streamed down my face when I watched with respect ___9__ she pushed forward with great __10__ through the last miles.

When the finish line came into sight, rubbish lay everywhere and the __11__ crowds had long gone home. __12__, standing straight and ever so proud __13__ a lone man. He was __14__ one end of a ribbon（缎带）of crepe paper（皱纹纸）___15__ to a post. She slowly crossed through, leaving both ends of the paper fluttering behind her.

I do not know this woman’s name, but that day she became part of my __16__ – a part I often depend on. For her, it wasn’t about __17__ the other runners or winning a prize, but about __18__ what she had set out to do, no matter __19__. When I think things are too difficult or I get those “I-just-can’t-do-it,” I think of the last runner. Then I realize how __20__ the task before me really is.

1. A. so that B. in case C. even though D. only if

2. A. first B. best C. only D. last

3. A. run B. separate C. disappear D. appear

4. A. drawn B. thrown C. fixed D. caught

5. A. hands B. legs C. arms D. body

6. A. let B. leave C. speak D. take

7. A. watched B. drove C. observed D. stared

8. A. Quickly B. Unluckily C. Naturally D. Finally

9. A. since B. before C. as D. until

10. A. pain B. determination C. strength D. desire

11. A. tired B. waiting C. cheering D. impatient

12. A. Besides B. Therefore C. Yet D. Fortunately

13. A. stood B. waited C. came D. had

14. A. helping B. catching C. holding D. tying

15. A. kept B. tied C. connected D. led

16. A. dream B. feeling C. idea D. life

17. A. following B. hoping C. encouraging D. beating

18. A. finishing B. realizing C. starting D. winning

19. A. where B. how C. when D. what

20. A. difficult B. interesting C. easy D. hopeful

三. 阅读理解：

Treasure hunts have excited people’s imagination for both hundreds of years both in real life and in books such as Robert Louis Stevenson’s Treasure Island. Kit Williams, a modern writer, had the idea of combining the real excitement of treasure hunt with clues found in a book when he wrote a children’s story Masquerade, in 1979. The book was about a hare, and a month before it came out Williams buried a gold hare in a park in Bedfordshire. The book contained a large number of clues（线索）to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them.

Ken Roberts, the man who found the hare, had been looking for it nearly two years. Although he had been searching in the wrong area most of the time, he found it by logic（逻辑）, not by luck. His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “ one of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII ’s six wives. Even here, however, Williams had succeeded in misleading him. Ken knew that Katherine of Aragon had died at Kimbolton in Cambridgeshire in 1536 and thought that Williams had buried the hare there. He had been digging there for over a year before a new idea occurred to him. He found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill, in Bedfordshire, and thought that he must have buried the hare in a place he knew well, but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.

Even then his search had not come to an end. It was only after he had spent several nights digging around the cross that he decided to write to Kid Williams to find out if he was wasting his time there. Williams encouraged him to continue, and on February 24th 1982, he found the treasure. It was worth 3000 in the beginning, but the excitement it had caused since its burial made it much more valuable.

1. The underlined word “them”（paragraph 1）refers to ____.

A. red herring B. treasure hunts

C. Henry VIII ‘s six wives D. readers of Masquerade

2. What is the most important clue in the story to help Ken Robert find the hare ?

A. Two stone crosses in Ampthill. B. Stevenson’s Treasure Island

C. Katherine of Aragon D. Williams’ hometown

3. The stone crosses in Ampthill were built ____.

A. to tell about what happened in 1773.

B. to show respect for Henry VIII ‘s first wife.

C. to serve as roadsign in Ampthill Park.

D. to inform people where the gold hare was.

4. Which of the following describes Roberts’ logic in searching for the hare ?

a. Henry VIII’s six wives b. Katherine’s burial place at Kimbolton.

c. Williams’ childhood in Ampthill. d. Katherine of Aragon

e. stone crosses in Ampthill Park.

A. a, b, c, e, d B. d, b, c, e, a C. a, d, b, c, e D. b, a, e, c, d

5. What is the best title of the passage ?

A. An exciting historical event B. A modern treasure hunt

C. The attraction of Masquerade D. the importance of logical thinking

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择

1. A lie +adj.（awake）作表语；rise to one's feet站起，为一固定用法。

2. B for one thing … for another一则……再则……

3. A be content to do sth. 满足于做某事，为一固定用法。

4. B “挑选一件新裙子花了玛丽好长时间。”

5. D 句意为“去年做广告的比仍上升了20％。”raise，arouse，是及物动词，与句子结构吻合；arise是不及物动词，意为“发生；出现；产生；起立”，与句子意思不吻合。

6. B “他觉得去时用的时间比来时短，其实正相反。”the other way相反．为一固定短语。

7. C “我不得不小声跟你讲，以免他们听到了我们的未来计划。”whisper“小声说；耳语，与句意吻合。

8. B on the contrary正相反；to the contrary相反（的）地；the other way相反，它们都不接宾语。contrary to… 与……相反，与句中结构吻合。

9. B 句意为”游击队试图推翻政府。”

10. B句意为“他渴求美满的婚姻、稳定的工作、固定的收入，换而言之，他想生活安定。”

二. 完型填空：

1. B 我的工作是开着救护车跟在运动员后面以防他们有人需要救护。In case:以免，以防。

2. D 从后面内容可以看出；救护车跟在最后一名运动员后面。

3. C 前面的运动员都消失了，

4. A 我的目光被吸引在（最后）以为妇女身上。

5. B 这为妇女几乎都不能走，所以她的腿有残疾。

6. A 更不用说跑马拉松了。固定短语：Let alone：更不用说了。

7. A 我们在默默地注视着她。D项缺少介词at：stare at。

8. D 最后，她成为我视线中唯一一名运动员了。

9. C 她一边以坚定的意志向前“跑”，我一边注视着她。determination：意志坚定。

10. B

11. C 加油助威的人群早已经回家了。Cheering：喝彩，助威。

12. C 然而，这位残疾妇女的唯一支持者一直在终点线那自豪地“等着”她。

13. B 本句是一个倒装句。主语是a lone man.谓语是waited。standing straight and ever so proud是伴随状语。

14. C 他（那个男的）紧握着系在一根柱子上的缎带的另一端（让这位女运动员撞线）。

15. B

16. D 从那一天，那位女运动员成为激励我的人生的一部分。

17. D 这位妇女参赛的目的不是为击败其他运动员而获奖。

18. A 而是去完成她所开始的事情。

19. D 不管是什么事情，都要坚持下去。

20. C 我由此受到鼓舞，再难的事也变得容易了。

三. 阅读理解：

1. D 根据第一段The book contained a large number of clues（线索）to help readers find the hare, but Williams put in a lot of “red herrings”, or false clues, to mislead them. 可以知道作者设置许多迷局是在有意误导读者。

2. C 根据第二段His success came from the fact that he had gained an important clue at the start. He had realized that the words: “ one of Six to Eight” under the first picture in the book connected the hare in some way to Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII ’s six wives.可以判断出这是一条很重要的线索，虽然这位读者受到过误导，但还通过这条线索找到了答案。

3. B 根据第二段最后一句he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.可以知道two stone crosses修建的目的。 In one’s honor：为了纪念…

4. C 仔细阅读第二，三段注意这几个要点：Henry VIII’ s six wives--Katherine of Aragon--Katherine的埋葬地--作者童年生活过的地方--stone crosses。

5. B. 文章二，三段是文章的重点，讲述寻宝的经过。所以称为：A modern treasure hunt

篇7：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 2-New Media（一）

1. 单元内容分析与学习建议。

2. 本单元词汇的掌握。

3. 重点单词和短语的用法。

4. 单元内难点句的理解。

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容分析与学习建议

1. 单元主题：News Media，介绍了媒体对于社会的作用以及媒体记者，编辑等相关人员的工作。

2. 阅读单元材料：本单元共有三篇阅读材料：BEHIND THE HEADLINES：了解媒体对于社会的作用以及媒体记者，编辑等相关人员的工作。在Integrating Skills里介绍了一个媒体报道的实例：同一事件的两种不同观察角度，不同的态度所写出的两篇不同的报道。在WORKBOOK中：IN THE PUBLIC EYE介绍了著名主持人YANG LAN在传媒界的发展。

3. 交际功能：在写作与口头交流中运用所学的句型表达个人的观点。

4. 学习建议：

运用所学过的构词知识来掌握本单元的单词。认真对待单元内有关词汇的练习（Word study或Vocabulary），通过这些练习巩固所学的生词并掌握它们的用法。

认真阅读教材部分的两篇阅读材料（特别是BEHIND THE HEADLINES）。先快速阅读了解文章大意，然后精读，划出文中出现的生词和短语，了解文章的写作结构，文章的主题，整理文章中有关media的社会作用的一些语段或语句作为今后相关写作的积累。

语法学习：过去分词的用法。先弄明白除了完成时态和被动语态以外，使用过去分词要表达的语境。作到能理解含有这种语法结构的句子（扫清语句理解中的语法障碍），并且能用英语写出比较地道的句子。最后再考虑应试中的单选题。

（二）本单元词汇的掌握

1. 利用构词知识掌握单词：

injure-injury

inform–informed–information

relate-related-relative-relation

interviewee-interviewer-interview

truthfully-truthful-truth-true

spiritual-spirit

fulfillment-fulfill

social-socialism-society

tolerate（toler=bear）

critical（crit=judge）-crisis-criticize-criticism

neutral（neutr=neither）-neutron-neutrality

locate-location

responsible（-ible ; -able：后缀；可以的，能……的）-reponse-responsibility

disappoint-disappointed-disappointment

caring-care-careful

citizen-city

demonstrate（monstr=show）-demonstration

polluter-pollute-pollution

comparison-compare

2. 合成词：

headline；troublemaker；update；checklist

3. 根据读音及音节掌握下列单词：

interviewee；interviewer；fulfillment；addict；ignore；tolerate；critical；attitude；responsible；

4. 根据上下文判断划线词的意思：

He was fired from the company for always being late.

He ran into the bank and fired his gun into the air.

He is so rude to his parents. I wouldn’t tolerate that kind of behavior in my family.

Mathilde’s rough hands and face reflected a life of hard work.

As he was fluent in both languages he had no problems switching from Chinese into English.

（三）重点单词和短语的用法：

1. more than：超过，多于，不仅仅

Newspaper and other media do more than simply record what happens.

Don’t force me to say more than I want to.

If you tell your father what you’ve done, he will be more than a little angry.

2. relate …. to…有关的，相关的；能理解或同情某人或某事

They also make sure that readers can relate to the stories.

Students find it difficult to relate to the life of a scientist.

It refers to something in the past which is directly related to the present time.

If you relate the result to the cause, you will find things are not that simple.

3. be/get/become addicted to：沉溺于，对……上瘾。

I want to write about people you seldom read about, for example, people who have AIDS or who are addicted to drugs.

She was addicted to TV soap operas.

4. fall in love ：爱上……（动作）

be in love：恋爱（状态）

Americans will fall in love with this game, too. They will have some great soccer soon.

The young pair are in love with each other.

5. effort：努力，艰难的尝试，努力的成果

My favorite article is the one I wrote about the efforts to bring stolen cultural relics back to China.

They have put a lot of effort into their garden this summer.

I have to try to make an effort to contact with him, but I’ve failed.

That’s good effort.

（四）单元内难点句的理解：

1. The two reporters agreed to switch roles for once and be the interviewees rather than the interviewers in order to let us know about their work and how the news we read is made and written.

两位记者同意变换角色，做一次被采访者而不是采访者，让我们了解他们的工作，了解我们读到的新闻是怎样制作和编写出来的。

提示：注意句中switch; rather than; for once 的意思。

2. Even though I have interviewed many famous people, the story I like best is about an ordinary young woman who tried to adapt to her new life after having studied abroad.

尽管我采访过很多名人，然而我最喜欢的还是一篇有关一位普通妇女在出国留学后努力适应自己的新生活的报道。

提示：注意句中的定语从句I like best is about an ordinary young woman who tried to adapt to her new life after having studied abroad.以及现在分词的完成式做时间状语的结构after having studied abroad。

3. The result is a better understanding of the world on all sides, leading to a future world where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.

结果会使人们更好地了解世界的各个方面，以至于在未来的世界里，所有国家的人都能受到尊重，不同的观点和见解都能受到包容。

提示：注意leading to a future world现在分词短语做结果状语；where people from all countries are respected and different views and opinions are tolerated.定语从句修饰a future world；短语on all sides：在各个方面。

4. The citizens, all of whom love nature and our planet, demonstrated outside the city’s worst polluter.

市民们在污染最严重的工厂外面进行示威。他们中大部分人都热爱大自然和这个星球。

提示：all of whom love nature and our planet为非限定定语从句。

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. Although they get higher pay than before, they are becoming poorer because prices keep____.

A. bringing down B. go up C. going up D. bring up

分析：选择C keep doing：不断……，根据句意：价格不断上涨，go up：上升，上涨

2. One of the advantages of living on the top of a high-rise is that you can get a good ___.

A. sight B. scene C. view D. look

分析：选择C sight, view和scene都是“景色”的意思，view强调从特定的位置看到的景色；sight指“壮观，奇观”，scene指“一道风景”

3. When I opened the door, a parcel on the floor ___ my eye.

A. met B. caught C. drew D. attracted

分析：选择B catch one’s eye（引起某人的注意）= draw one’s attention / attract one’s attention

4. It doesn’t take long to become addicted ___ these drugs.

A. in B. to C. at D. for

分析：选择B be addicted to 沉溺于……

5. Do you know the ___ of the saying I just quoted ?

A. source B. resource C. course D. cause

分析：选择A 你知道我刚才引用的谚语的出处吗？source：出处，来源。

6. They are ___ schoolmates. They are close friends.

A. more than B. no more than C. not more than D. only

分析：A 他们不仅是同学还是知心朋友。More than：不仅； no more than：=only;

二. 翻译句子：

1. Jones先生为这家公司工作已经有25年了，上周他被选为了总经理。

Mr. Jones, who worked for this company for 25 years, was elected president last week.

2. 200多人在地震中伤亡。

More than 200 people died or injured in the earthquake.

3. 你所说的这些与我们目前关注的毫无关系。

What you have said does not relate to what we are concerned with now.

4. 他是个很有经验的人，总是受到年轻人的尊敬。

He is a rather experienced man, who is always looked up to.

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择：

1. It’s very __ of them to share their meal with their out-of-work neighbors.

A. gentle B. obvious C. informed D. generous

2. He was __ from the firm because he was always late for work.

A. fired B. hired C. retired D. employed

3. The water was so clear that it ___ the trees on the river bank.

A. shadowed B. shaded C. photographed D. reflected

4. The teachers of English have to continuously __ their textbooks to meet the increase demands of their students.

A. upset B. uplift C. uphold D. update

5. Of these three recent magazines, only one is still ___.

A. current B. normal C. formal D. incurable

6. Some old people don’t like pop songs because they can’t ___ so much noise.

A. resist B. undertake C. tolerate D. ignore

7. It’s two years since they ___ each other, and they are going to get married next month.

A. were in love with B. fell into love with

C. have loved D. fell in love with

8. Things that we’re facing should be considered ____, so that we’ll deal with them well.

A. on all sides B. in order C. around the corner D. in place

二. 完型填空：

Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his ___1__ and traveling.

Then after returning to the United States from a __2__ trip to Russia .Mr. Cousins got sick. Because he had pushed his body to the __3__ of its strength on the trip, a change began to take place _4__ him. The materials between his bones became __5__.

In less than one week after his return, he could not __6___. Every move that he _7___ was painful. He was not able to sleep at night. The doctors told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins’ problem and he might never ___8__ over the illness. Mr. Cousins, however, refused to give up ___9___.

Mr. Cousins thought that ___10___ thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body. He did not want to take medicine to cure himself. ___11__, he felt that happy thoughts or _12____ might cure his illness.

He began to _13__ on himself while still in hospital by watching funny shows on television. Mr. Cousins quickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the __14____ gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night.

__15___ the doctors could not help him. Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could __16___ his experiments with laughter. For eight days, Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television, reading funny books, and sleeping __17___ he felt tired. Within three weeks, he felt well __18____ to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for __19____.

After a few months, Mr. Cousins returned to work. He had laughed himself back to __20___.

1. A. time B. holiday C. sleep D. work

2. A. boring B. tiring C. dangerous D. pleasant

3. A. top B. degree C. problem D. limit

4. A. from B. around C. inside D. beside

5. A. weak B. ill C. false D. painful

6. A. speak B. breathe C. stand D. see

7. A. made B. did C. took D. gave

8. A. look B. get C. turn D. think

9. A. effort B. hope C. treatment D. arrangement

10. A. foolish B. unusual C. funny D. unhappy

11. A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise

12. A. sleep B. travel C. laughter D. television

13. A. rescue B. operate C. try D. experiment

14. A. day B. week C. month D. year

15. A. Promising B. Deciding C. Doubting D. Recognizing

16. A. invent B. begin C. continue D. prove

17. A. until B. whenever C. unless D. so that

18. A. soon B. completely C. slowly D. enough

19. A. exercise B. illness C. rest D. pleasure

20. A. power B. sense C. health D. happiness

三. 阅读理解：

It is natural that young people are often uncomfortable when they are with their parents. They say that their parents don’t understand them. They often think that their parents are out of touch with modern ways, that they are too serious and too strict with their children, and they seldom give their children a free hand.

It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when young.

For example, young people like to act on the spot without much thinking. It is one of their ways to show that they have grown up and they can face any difficult situation. Older people worry more easily. Most of them plan things ahead, at least in the back of their minds, and do not like their plans to be upset by something unexpected.

When you want your parents to let you do something, you will have better success if you ask before you really start doing it.

Young people often make their parents angry with their choice in clothes, in entertainment and in music. But they do not mean to cause any trouble: it is just that they feel cut off from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been accepted. That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their own, and if their parents do not like their music or entertainment or clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people extremely happy.

Sometimes you are so proud of yourself that you do not want your parents to say, “ Yes” to what you do. All you want is to be felt alone and do what you like. It is natural enough, after being a child for so many years, when you were completely under your parents’ control.

If you plan to control your life, you’d better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.

1. ___ are to blame for the quarrels between parents and their children according to this passage.

A. Parents B. Young people

C. Neither parents nor their children D. Both parents and their children

2. According to the passage, young people prefer to ___.

A. ask for advice before they really start to do anything.

B. do things without thinking carefully ahead.

C. think in the same way as their parents do.

D. be very strict with themselves

3. Young people like to have clothes, entertainment and music in their way, because ____.

A. they want to make their parents happy.

B. they try to get their parents to believe them.

C. they want to try on something new and look different from the older.

D. they want to test whether they are cleverer than old people.

4. According to the passage, young people want to make a new culture of their own, because ___.

A. they don’t feel they belong to the world of the older people.

B. they do not want to get into trouble.

C. they feel they are as clever as old people.

D. they want to show they have grown up.

5. If a young man intends to control his own life, it’s better for him to ___.

A. do everything according to his own wish.

B. do everything the way his parents do.

C. do everything beyond his parents’ control.

D. hold himself responsible for everything he does.

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. D 他们请他们那些失业的邻居一起吃饭真是很慷慨大方。

2. A 他由于迟到而被公司解雇了。

3. D 河水很清澈都能倒影出岸边的树木。

4. D 英语教师必须不断地更新教材以满足学生日益增长的要求。

5. A 现有的三本杂志中，只有一本仍然流行。

6. C 有些老人不喜欢流行音乐是因为他们不能忍受那么大的声音。Resist：抵抗；undertake：从事，承担，ignore：忽视。

7. D 在句型it’s… since+陈述句。陈述句中的动作是非延续的动作。Fall in love with表示动作。

8. A 我们面临的问题方方面面都考虑到了。

二. 完型填空：

1. D，他很喜欢他的工作和旅行出差

2. B，从到俄罗斯的令人疲惫不堪的出差回到美国。Tiring预示下文提到的Mr. Cousins生病。

3. D，在旅途中，他把他的身体的体力推向了极限

4. C，于是他的身体内部发生了变化

5. A，他的骨头之间的物质变得脆弱了。本题另外三个选项与主语搭配不合适。

6. C，他几乎无法站立了

7. A，他所做的每一个动作都让他感到疼痛。做运动：make a move

8. B，医生告诉他他们无法解决他的问题，他可能不能从他的疾病中恢复过来。get over：从病中恢复过来。

9. B，Mr. Cousins拒绝放弃治疗的希望。

10. D，Mr. Cousins认为一些不愉快的想法正在他的体内产生着某种化学变化。此处与下文的happy thoughts相对应。

11. A，他不想进行药物治疗，相反。

12. C，他认为愉快的想法或放声大笑 能治愈他的疾病。

13. D，在住院期间他开始用观看滑稽电视节目来进行实验。experiment on somebody: 那某人做实验。

14. A，他发现白天10分钟的开心大笑能给他带来夜间两小时的舒适睡眠。during the day对应下一句的at night.

15. B，已经肯定医生无法再帮助他了。 Deciding :确定。

16. C，他离开医院在旅馆里继续他的实验。

17. A，他在房间里反复看电视娱乐节目，读书，睡觉，做这些事直到他感到累了为止。

18. D，他感到身体足够健康了

19. A，他开始出国度假并在海边跑步锻炼。

20. C，他通过笑使自己恢复了健康。

三. 阅读理解：

1. D，根据第二段It is true that parents often find it difficult to win their children’s trust and they tend to forget how they themselves felt when young. 以及最后一段作者对年轻人提出的建议you’d better win your parents over and try to get them to understand you. If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.可以判断出：父母和孩子双方对他们之间的分歧都负有责任。

2. B， 根据第三段，特别是young people like to act on the spot without much thinking.可以得知，孩子们做事之前欠仔细思考。

3. C， 根据第五段That’s why young people want to make a new culture of their own, 可以知道年轻人喜欢某种娱乐方式的原因

4. A， 同样在第五段But they do not mean to cause any trouble: it is just that they feel cut off from the older people’s world, into which they have not yet been accepted.可以得出结论。

5. D，根据最后一段If your parents see that you have a high sense of responsibility, they will certainly give you the right to do what you want to do.可以得出结论：年轻人要想主宰自己的生活，最好要对自己做的每件事有责任心。

篇8：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 6 Life in the future

1. 单元内容介绍

2. 重要词汇，短语的用法

3. 重，难点句的解释。

知识总结与归纳：

（一）单元内容介绍：

1. 本单元主题：未来的生活--未来的交通，商业，医药健康和教育。

2. 主要学习材料：听力：来自3044年的信：描述了3044年火星人的生活。阅读：幻想人类未来生活的科普文章，设想了未来的交通；商业；医药健康和教育。

3. 语言学习：Word study：通过相关的练习巩固所学的新单词，理解生词在不同语境中的运用。注意单词表里的词汇，运用学过的构词知识掌握新的单词。

4. 语法学习：名词性从句。

（二）重要单词及短语的用法：

1. glimpse：一瞥； catch / get / have / hold a glimpse of….瞥见，窥见。

One way to catch a glimpse of the future is to examine some of the major trends in contemporary society.

I caught a glimpse of Mary at the station this morning.

I caught a glimpse of him before he disappeared into the crowd.

2. touch：触摸；联系，相关短语：

keep in touch with….

get in touch with…

lose touch with…

be out of touch with…

The Internet also makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers and companies in other countries.

3. remain：保持不变，留下，剩下，仍然。后面接名词，形容词，分词或不定式结构。

The boundary questions remain unsettled

This still remains a serious problem.

There remains a still more difficult task for us.

Whether it will do us good or not remains to be seen.

The troops were ordered to remain where they were.

4. cure：治愈，cure somebody of something：治愈某人的疾病。

注意：treat：治疗，对待。

Most of the patients can be cured of the disease.

This kind of medicine will cure you of your disease.

5. in store：储藏，准备，就要来临，即将发生。

If we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.

There is a shock in store for him.

We have a few surprises in store.

6. cheat：欺骗，作弊。 cheat somebody of something：骗取某人某物。

This company promises that consumers who have cheated by it can get double their money back. They cheated the old man of his money.

7. require：要求，需要；相当于demand 后面接名词；doing形式；不定式做宾补；后面如果接从句，则从句的结构是：that+主语+should do / should be done …（should可以省略）

You are required to pay for your purchases before you leave the supermarket.

Carrying out this plan would require increasing our staff by 50%.

Consumers require / demand that they should be told the further information on the product.

（三）难点句解释：

1. A good example of how transportation is changing is the new maglev train, which is environmentally friendly, energy-saving and travels at an amazing 430km/h.

交通公共正在改善的一个很好的例子就是新型磁悬浮列车，它环保，节能，而且能以每小时430公里的惊人速度行驶。

at：以……速度 / 价格 / 比率 / 年龄

at a high / low / reasonable price

at the age of…

at the speed of…

2. With a better understanding of the human body, scientists and physicians will be able to cure more diseases.

随着对人体的更好的理解，科学家和医生将能够治愈更多病人的疾病.

with：随着……

With time passing by, I realize the importance of study.

3. It’s certain that things will change. We cannot be sure whether our dreams will come true, but we can at least be hopeful that our efforts to improve the world will be successful.

事物肯定会发生变化。我们不能肯定我们的梦想能否成真，但至少我们能希望我们改善世界的努力将会成功。

（1）It’s certain that…主语从句。固定句型。

（2）that our efforts to improve the world will be successful名词性从句做be hopeful 的宾语。

（3）come true：实现，梦想成真。

（4）efforts to improve the world：改善世界的努力。

4. If we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.

如果我们学会接受变化并且学会欣赏不同的新事物，我们就能有充分的准备去迎接未来带给我们的一切。

注意句中what is new and different和whatever the future may have in store 两处的名词性从句。

5. We now have e-friends to help us and keep us company.

我们现在都有了电子朋友来帮助我们并陪伴我们。

keep sb. company：陪伴某人。company：不可数名词，同伴，陪伴，

I’m very grateful for John’s company on the long journey to Moscow.

If you’re going out for a walk, I’ll come along and keep you company

（四）语法补充：有关表语从句的连词：除了that / whether / wh-疑问词外还可以用because / why / as / as if等引导。

He didn’t come to school yesterday. That was because he was ill.

It seems as if it were spring already.

It sounds as if that someone is knocking at the door.

【典型例题】

1. The election is coming. Mr. Bush will this evening.

A. broadcast B. report C. announce D. present

答案：A

解析：broadcast：意为“广播；在广播中讲话”。

2. Before you sign anything important, pay careful to all the conditions.

A. notice B. attention C. regards D. reference

答案：B

解析：pay attention to… 注意……

3. A steam engine heat into power.

A. move B. remove C. exchange D. transform

答案：D

解析：transform…into… 把……转变成……

4. Because the government was weak, the army became the ____ ruler of the country.

A. practical B. suitable C. virtual D. convenient

答案：C

解析：the virtual ruler实际统治者；practical实用的，不合句意。

5. The of prices is still upwards.

A. way B. method C. manner D. trend

答案：D

解析：句意为“物价仍有上涨的趋势。”

6. She argued with him, but he could not face up to ____.

A. reality B. practice C. deed D. training

答案：A

解析：face up to reality面对现实。

7. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply ____.

A. appreciated B. agreed C. promised D. thanked

答案：A

解析：appreciate感激；重视；欣赏。句意为“那些作为礼物送给我们的珍贵图书深受重视。”

8. The 20th century has witnessed an enormous worldwide political, economic and cultural ____.

A. translation B. transportation C. tradition D. transformation

答案：D

解析：句意为“在政治、经济和文化方面，二十世纪经历了一场世界性的巨大变革。”transformation“变化；变革”，符合句意。

9. I don’t think there is any to bring him into the affair yet.

A. doubt B. necessity C. result D. influence

答案：B

解析：there is no necessity to do sth．没有必要做某事。

【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）

一. 单项选择：

1. Newspapers keep us the world.

A. get in touch B. touching with C. out of touch D. in touch with

2. Although this medicine can cure you your illness, it has a bad effect you.

A. for; in B. for; on C. of; on D. of; at

3. The part of a little baby's life is spent in sleeping.

A. major B. valuable C. favourite D. fortunate

4. The government should an unfair salary structure.

A. build B. found C. reform D. imitate

5. The guide the place on a map that we will visit.

A. designs B. indicates C. points D. prints

6. The bell the end of the period rang, our heated discussion.

A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting

C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted

二. 阅读理解：

（A）

To Treat Every Day as the Last Day of Your Life

Every day I feel dull and boring until one day I had a conversation with one of my best friends.

She is an extraordinary common girl with plain appearance but weird thoughts sometimes.

When I told all my boring feelings to her, she kept silent at first. Then she asked me: “If today is the last day of your life, What will you do ?”

I was dumb at all. Just at that moment, she voiced her opinion: “I would contact my ex-boy friend and try to remedy the faults done by me before.

“Wow, to love only if you are limited and to achieve only if you are restricted. Most of us have formed the habit of procrastination（拖沓）. We take everything for granted too easily. But what shall we do and how regretful we will be if today happens to be the last day of our lives?”

My friend has already gone to do her business when I came to consciousness. Yes, to treat every day as the last day your life, then you will, at least, have less to be pitied.

1. What kind of person is the author’s friend ?

A. She is an ordinary girl with a quick mind.

B. She is a common girl with a kind heart.

C. She is a girl who often helps others.

D. She is a girl who has an active attitude to life.

2. The underlined word “remedy”（paragraph 4）means ______.

A. explain B. correct C. continue D. limit

3. The author’s friend told her to _____.

A. love her boy friend. B. dare to love, dare to achieve

C. correct her mistakes D. have pity for herself.

4. Why was the author dumb when she heard what her friend had said ?

A. She was afraid of facing her last day of her life.

B. She was too frightened by what her friend had said.

C. She had never thought of such a philosophical question.

D. She was regretful for what she had done.

5. This passage mainly tells us that ____.

A. We should live actively every day.

B. Everybody has his last day of life.

C. We should get rid of the habit of procrastination.

D. We should take everything for granted easily.

（B）

The desire to make explorations is born with man. Wherever his imagination goes, man also has a strong wish to go. A large part of human history is considered with the exploration of the world in which we live. Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known. With kites, balloons and aircraft they left the ground to pass through the lower atmosphere. Now the outer space receives their attention.

Why should man take the trouble of conquering space ? It is hard to list the specific practical benefits that will surely see and discover new things in space that will increase our scientific knowledge, and this new knowledge will find its way into valuable practical uses. What we learn about man himself, from his experience in space, and from the effects of space and the space flight environment n him, will be extremely valuable. The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. The areas that will benefits are manifold. They include communication, generation of power, transportation and travel, food production, materials, fuels and many others. But to say definitely just what the practical results will be is almost impossible.

1. The main idea of the first paragraph is that ___.

A. man desire to explore what is unknown.

B. man often goes wherever his dreams go

C. man is no longer interested in the study of the land and sea now.

D. man’s history is his exploration of the world.

2. The word “manifold” in the second paragraph probably means ___.

A. vast B. various C. valuable D. practical

3. The author seems to be in favor of ___.

A. doubting the necessity of the space exploration

B. the exploration of space

C. exploring more in space than in sea

D. his experience in space

4. In the last sentence of Paragraph 2 the phrase “practical result” refers to the results ___.

A. that are obtained from experience

B. that can be learned as knowledge

C. that can be made use of

D. helping us make further exploration.

三. 短文改错：

I live in a small town in the south. This is typical 1.__________

Chinese town. There are not only two main streets 2.__________

which across in the middle of the town. Around the 3.__________

town stand a high wall, which was built long ago, 4.__________

and it is still possibly to walk along it. No motorcars 5.__________

allowed in the business streets, which makes shopping 6.__________

very easier and safer. On warm days some small 7.__________

restaurants put table and chairs outside the houses to 8.__________

let people to take a rest and have some tea or ice-cream 9.__________

There are no tall buildings but some beautiful parks. 10.__________

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. D keep+宾语+in touch with the world（宾补），意为“使某人与外界保持联系”。

2. C cure sb. of sth．治愈某人某病；have a bad effect on sb．对某人有坏影响。

3. A 句意为“婴儿的大部分时间都用来睡觉。”major大的；较大的，符合句意。

4. C 句意为“政府应该改革不合理的工资制度。”

5. B indicate the place on a map = mark the place on a map，意为“在地图上标明某地”。

6. A 预示着结束的铃声响了，打断了我们的热烈讨论。Indicating做定语，interrupting做状语。

二. 阅读理解

（A）

1. D 从作者的朋友一番话中可以看出这个女孩的积极的人生态度。

2. B 根据第四段：I would contact my ex-boy friend and try to remedy the faults done by me before. 意思是说：我会找到我以前的男友，尽力去改正我以前犯的错误。

3. B 根据第五段：to love only if you are limited and to achieve only if you are restricted可以表明作者朋友的观点。

4. C 一开始，作者没有明白或想过朋友提出的问题，后经过朋友的解释，作者才恍然大悟。

5. A 全文通过作者朋友的话揭示了全文的主旨，即应当积极地度过每一天。

（B）

1. A 考查文章的主旨大意。从第一段Again and again people have set out with surprising courage and patience to look into unknown regions and lands to see what had not yet been seen, to make the unknown known.可知。

2. B 词义猜测。从第二段The new techniques developed to carry out the exploration of space, and to keep man alive in space, will certainly find practical uses in everyday life in some way. 可知the areas that will benefit是广泛多样的。文章下文说明获利饿各个方面。

3. B 从全文看，作者对探索太空持赞成态度。

4. C 文章最后一句意思是：但是要确切地说这种实际结果是什么将是不可能的。这种实际结果就是能应用上文所提到的各种领域所获得的利益。

三. 短文改错：

1. typical前加a 中心词是下一行的town。

2. 去掉not 不是“不仅有”，而是“仅有”。

3. across→cross across是介词，而cross是动词。这里缺谓语动词。

4. stand→stands 主语是其后的wall，主、谓倒装了。

5. possibly→possible。It is + adj. + to do的句型。

6. allowed前加are 应用被动语态。

7. very→much very不能修饰比较级。

8. table→tables 一个餐馆有若干张餐桌，更何况是restaurants。

9. 去掉to。let sb. do的用法。

10. √

篇9：人教版高二同步辅导（含同步练习）Unit 1-Making a difference（二）

本单元语法复习--动词不定式结构。

知识总结与归纳：

（一）本单元阅读材料内的含不定式结构的句子的总结：

1. It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious.

2. Nothing in life is to be feared. It is only to be understood.

3. One day, your doctor tells you that you have an incurable disease and may not have more than twelve months to live.

4. Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand.

5. Scientists, on the other hand, Hawking writes, know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out to be wrong.

6. People who listen to Hawking’s lectures sometimes find it difficult to understand him, because his thoughts and ideas often seem as large as the universe he is trying to describe.

7. At that time, the church said that the earth was the center of the universe and Galileo was not allowed to publish or discuss his observations.

8. Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at.

（二）总结：

动词不定式结构在句中可以充当除了谓语以外的主语，表语，宾语，名词后面的定语，目的状语，以及宾语后面的补足语。对于这些内容，重点掌握一些动词不定式常用的句型结构。

1. 不定式结构做主语，宾语时，it做形式主语或形式宾语的句型：如上面第：1，6，8句

It’s +形容词/名词+ to do sth.

…….find/make/think/feel it +形容词/名词 to do sth.

It’s usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs .

Both Galileo and Zhang Heng found it difficult to make people believe that their theories were correct.

2. 不定式结构做名词的定语：have something to do / there be something to do：如上面第3句。

Do you have anything to declare ?

Jack is the person for me to turn to in difficult times.

They gave us a week to think the problem over.

Plants need room to spread their roots to get water and to spread their leaves to get sunlight.

Let’s find a more comfortable house to live in.

There are a lot of TV sets to choose from.

There is nothing to worry about.

3. 不定式结构做动词宾语：后面跟to do 做宾语的常见动词有：afford; agree; decide; demand; expect; fail; forget; hate; hope; learn; manage; mean; need; offer; plan; prepare; pretend; promise; refuse; regret; remember; seem; want; threaten; wish 等，以及一些动词短语如：would like to do; would prefer to rather than do; would rather do than do; We can’t afford to lose such an important member of the staff.

She flatly refused to have anything to do with the plan.

4. 不定式结构做动词宾语的补足语（宾补）：在英语中有很多这样的动词结构：动词+宾语+宾语补语。“宾语补语”补充说明宾语“做了什么”；“正在做什么”；“去做什么”；或者“被……”。其中表达“宾语部分”去做某事，可以用do, to do,形式做宾语的补足语。即动词不定式做宾语补语。

动词+宾语+to do sth. 在这种结构中常见的动词有：advise, allow, ask, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, order, persuade, remind, require, teach, tell, want, warn等。

有时候谓语动词和宾语可以变成被动形式，作为宾补的to do短语不变。如单元中例句7

Mr. White persuaded Tom not to smoke any more.

This kind of medicine easily causes people to sleep.

Please remind him to take medicine on time.

The teacher encouraged his students to express what they thought freely.

They were warned not to cross the old bridge.

Residents are not allowed to keep pets in our apartment building.

He is considered to be one of the leading statesmen of our country.

注意：make, let, have, see, hear, 等动词宾语后面的宾语补语应该接动词原形。（do形式），而在这些动词（let除外）的被动形式里，还应该用to do短语做宾语的补足语

例句：

He saw a thief rush out of a shop carrying a bag full of money.

My boss made me redo my report because he wasn’t satisfied with it.

The boy was made to wash the windows before he could go outside to play.

（三）不定式（to do）的时态和被动式：to do结构根据所表达的意义也有不同的时态和被动式表达。

1. 一般式：要去做：to do

2. 正在做：to be doing

3. 已经做了：to have done

4. 被……：to be done

5. 已经被…… to have been done 等

I’m sorry to have kept you waiting so long.

The book is said to have been translated into many foreign languages.

He pretended to be working hard when the boss came in.

If you don’t understand something the examiner says, simply ask for it to be repeated.

说明：对于不定式的时态和被动式用法则在掌握不定式句型的前提下要根据具体句子的语境来使用。

（四）学习建议：

1. 认真对待单元内的阅读材料（包括workbook中的阅读材料），不要只把他们当成学习某些语言点的来源。通过这些阅读材料可以掌握新词汇，锻炼阅读能力，扩展知识面（用英语）。例如在READING: NO BOUNDARIES中的第6段可以了解科学家进行科学研究的过程。而INTEGRATING SKILLS 中的MAKING A DIFFERENCE，通过阅读可以了解作者的写作思路，学习一些写作结构（文章的布局）。同时对两篇材料中许多语句，语段加以背诵，积累是可以成为今后我们写作文的素材。

2. 除了背诵warming-up中那些著名科学家的名言之外，可以积累阅读材料中的某些句子：

如：

（1）Imagine this:……

（2）Instead of giving up, Hawking went on with his research, got his PhD and married Jane.

（3）If knowledge is power, as Sir Francis Bacon wrote in 1597, then perhaps creativity can be described as the ability to use that power.

（4）We must believe in what we do, even other do not.

（5）Perhaps the most important thing if we want to make a difference is to find something that we like to do and that we are good at…Everyone has his or her special skills and interests, and only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly make a difference.

3. 阅读指导：以阅读材料MAKING A DIFFERENCE为例，注意论述性的文章的基本结构是作者首先提出论点然后举例加以说明。所以文章的首尾段，每一段的首句都表达的文章的主题。同时注意这些主题句中的连词（转折连词--but等）往往是最重要的内容。例如第一段第一句：It is not necessary to be a great scientist to make a difference, but there are things we can learn from the best minds in this world. 最后一段对make a difference的方法作了总结。

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1.There are five pairs of shoes ______, but I am at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen B. to choose from

C. to choose D. for choosing

分析：本题考察在There be句型中动词不定式（to do形式）修饰名词作定语的用法。意为：有五双鞋可供挑选，从五双鞋中选一双：choose one from five shoes介词from不能丢。

答案：B

2. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears ____everything.

A. to tell B. to be told C. to be telling D. to have been told

分析：本题考查了动词不定式完成被动式用法 to have been done 表示已经被……，根据句子意思：妈妈似乎已经被告知了一切。

答案：D

3. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen

分析：后半句but it remains ___ whether they will enjoy it.中，whether they will enjoy it.为主语从句，it为形式主语，remain后面接不定式，根据句意see与主语有被动关系。

答案：B

4. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows ___.

A. it what to do with B. what to do it with

C. what to do with it D. to do what with it

分析：根据句意：据说澳大利亚的土地多得超过了政府所能处理的能力。know后面接疑问词+to do 结构

答案：C

5. In order to gain a bigger share in the international market, many state-run companies are striving __ their products more competitive.

A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made

分析：strive后面接to do 结构做目的状语：为……而努力。

答案：A

二. 翻译句子：

1. Tom期待着受到邀请参加这次聚会，但很遗憾他没有受到邀请。

2. 我的朋友建议我考虑先买一辆二手车而不是新车。

3. 你还有什么要补充的吗？

4. Only once they’ve got an overview do they have anything that they can hang the specific parts from.

5. If the species is to be saved, we must understand and protect the secret life of pandas in the wild.

答案：

1. Tom expected to be invited to the party, but he was not.

2. My friend advised me to consider a second-hand car first, instead of a new car.

3. Do you have anything to add?

4. 只有得到一个概观后，他们才能有针对性地挑选每一个部分去拼合成整体。

5. 如果要拯救这种稀有动物，我们就必须了解并保护野生大熊猫尚未为人世所知的生活方式。

【模拟试题】

一. 单项选择：

1. I find these problems are easy ____.

A. to be worked out B. to work out

C. to work them out D. to be worked them out

2. ____ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept

3. -How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers ?

-The key ___ the problem is ___ the demand which is made by the customers.

A. to solve; meeting B. to solving; meeting

C. to solve; to meet D. to solving; to meet

4. It seems that he has no pen ____.

A. to write B. to write with C. writing D. writing with

5. The police ___ the suburbs for the missing car .

A. are seeking B. are finding C. are managing D. are trying

6. We had a good many anxious moments, but everything ___ all right in the end.

A. turned down B. turned up C. turned out D. turned into

7. ___ she finds out that you’ve lost her book ?

A. What about B. If what C. What if D. That whether

8. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way the boys and girls respond to ___ situation.

A. similar B. alike C. same D. likely

9. Don’t be too ___ about things you are not supposed to know.

A. strange B. amusing C. curious D. conscious

10. I’ll look into the matter as soon as possible. Just have a little ___.

A. wait B. time C. patient D. rest

二. 完型填空：

It was the night before the composition was due. As I looked at the list of topics, “ The Art of Eating Spaghetti（意大利面条）” caught my eyes. The word “spaghetti” brought back the ___1__ of an evening at Uncle Allen’s in Belleville ___2__ all of us were seated around the table and Aunt Pat ___3__ spaghetti for supper. Spaghetti was an exotic （外来的）treat in __4___ days. Never I eaten spaghetti, and __5__ of the grown-ups had enough experience to be ___6__ it. What laughing __7__ we had about the __8__ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.. __9_, I wanted to write about that, but I wanted to __10___ it down simply for my own __11__, not for Mr. Fleagle, my composition teacher. __12__, I would write something else.

When I finished it the night was half gone and there was no __13__ left to write a proper composition for Mr. Fleagle. There was no choice next morning but to __14__ my work. Two days passed before Mr. Fleagle returned the __15__ papers. He said, “ Now, class, I want to read you a composition, ‘The Art of Eating Spaghetti’.”

My words! He was reading my words out __16__ to the whole class. __17__ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show ___18__, but what I was feeling was pure happiness, __19__ my words had the power to make people __20__.

1. A. memory B. thought C. knowledge D. experience

2. A. when B. where C. since D. after

3. A. cooked B. served C. got D. made

4. A. their B. past C. last D. those

5. A. none B. one C. some D. neither

6. A. careful about B. good at C. fond of D. interested in

7. A. speeches B. lessons C. sayings D. arguments

8. A. nearly B. naturally C. officially D. socially

9. A. Especially B. Probably C. Suddenly D. Fortunately

10. A. settle B. put C. take D. let

11. A. work B. story C. luck D. joy

12. A. However B. Therefore C. As for him D. Except for that

13. A. time B. excuse C. way D. idea

14. A. give up B. continue C. hand in D. delay

15. A. written B. graded C. collected D. signed

16. A. loud B. fast C. publicly D. calmly

17. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I

18. A. shock B. wonder C. worry D. pleasure

19. A. if B. for C. while D. although

20. A. excited B. satisfied C. think D. laugh

三. 阅读理解：

Several years ago, my parents, my wife, my son and I ate at one of those restaurants where the menu is written on a blackboard. After a wonderful dinner, the waiter set the check in the middle of the table. That’s when it happened: my father did not reach for the check.

Conversation continued. Finally I realized that I should pick up the check! After hundreds of restaurant meals with my parents, after a lifetime of thinking of my father as the one with dollars, it had all changed. I reached for the check, and my view of myself suddenly changed. I was an adult. I was no longer a kid.

Some people mark off（区分）their lives in years, I measure mine in small events. I didn’t become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister.” These events in my life are called “milestones”（里程碑）

There have been other milestones. The cops（policemen）of my youth always seemed big, even huge, and of course they were older than I was. Then one day they were suddenly neither. The day came when I suddenly realized that all the football players in the game I was watching were younger than I was. They were just big kids. With that milestone gone was the dream that someday, maybe I, too, could be a football player. Without ever having reached the hill, I was over it.

I never thought that I would fall asleep in front of the TV set as my father did. Now it’s what I do best. I never thought that I would go to the beach and not swim, yet I spent all of August at the shore and never once went into the ocean. I never thought that I would appreciate opera, but now the combination of voice and orchestra attract me. I never thought that I would prefer to stay home in the evenings, but now I find myself passing up parties. I used to think that people who watched birds were strange, but this summer I fond myself watching them, and maybe I’ll get a book on the subject. I feel a strong desire for a religious belief that I never thought I’d want, feel close to my ancestors (祖先) long gone, and echo my father in arguments with my son. I still lose…

One day I bought a house. One day-what a day!–I became a father, and not too long after that I picked up the check for my own father. I thought then it was a milestone for me. One day, when I was a little older, I realized it was one for him, too, another milestone.

1. The tone established in the passage is one of _______

A. sad regret B. amusement

C. happiness D. deep feeling

2. The author mentions the event in the restaurant because _____.

A. that was one of his milestone

B. he paid the bill but he didn’t want to

C. he became a father with dollars

D. that was the last restaurant meal with his parents

3. “Then they were suddenly neither.” Suggests that ______.

A. suddenly they became older than I was

B. suddenly I knew that they was neither bigger nor older than I was

C. suddenly I realized that I made mistake

D. suddenly I found myself no longer a kid

4. Which of the following best expresses the author’s thinking ?

A. One day is worth two tomorrow

B. To save time is to length life

C. When an opportunity is lost, it never comes back to you

D. Time and tide wait for no man

四. 短文改错：

This is a story told by my father: “When I was boy, 1.________

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2.________

Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3.________

but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4.________

couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. ________

about take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. ________

the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. ________

isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. ________

and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. ________

know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. ________

五. 书面表达：

以A Ten-minute Break为题，写一篇100词左右的短文。内容必须包括以下要点：

1. 十分钟的课间休息是必要的。

2. 要注意休息的方式。

3. 你自己是如何利用课间十分钟的。

【试题答案】

一. 单项选择：

1. B 句型Something be +adj. to do ：某事作起来很……，

2. A 为了晚点起床，不定式在此做目的状语。

3. D the key to doing sth.：做…的方法/关键。to：是介词。后面的空是不定式做表语。

4. B 不定式结构做定语修饰pen，先行词the pen 做短语to write with 的宾语。

5. A 警察搜索郊区，寻找丢失的汽车。Seek… for…：为寻找……而搜索……

6. C 最终结果还不错。Turn out:结果证明是……；turn up：露面；turn into：变成；turn down：调小音量；拒绝。

7. C 倘使她发现你把她的书丢了会怎样？What if：倘使……会怎样？

8. A 同孩子们呆在一起的任何人都知道男孩和女孩之间对相似情形反映的不同之处。Same 前面要加the

9. C 不要对你不该知道的事太好奇了。Curious：好奇；conscious：有意识的。

10. C 我会尽快调查这件事，请耐心点。

二. 完型填空：

1. A A项是：记忆，回忆， B项：思想，想法，C项：知识；D项：经验。

2. A 排除B项，因为 Belleville是地点，如用where，则引导定语从句，修饰Belleville没有必要。C，D两项与全句的时态不符。A项与brought back的时态呼应，when 表示就在那时。

3. B 因为大家坐在桌旁是等Aunt Pat端上意大利面条。Serve；服务，上菜。

4. D in those days = in the past A，C两项与原文意思不符。

5. A 本句and之前的一个并列分句是否定句，所以后面也是一个否定分句。排除B，C 答案，neither指“两个人”，与前面的all of us矛盾。

6. B 由于吃意大利面条是一种外来时尚，所以如何吃得体面，文雅涉及到能力问题，在此说：都不擅长。

7. D 在分享又细又长的意大利面条之前大家很友善地争论如何吃得文雅顺利。

8. D A项：几乎；B项：自然地；C项：官方地；D项：社交上地，根据上下文：吃这种面条大家都是第一次，又是在人家做客。当然是社交场合了。

9. C 作者开始从作文交稿日期临近想到要写作文，看到题目又想到过去做客时吃意大利面条时的场景。这时，他又突然想写一些这方面的文字。

10. B 根据上下文，此处是动词“写下，记下”的意思。Settle down：安家；后不接宾语；let it down后面要接动词，与全句矛盾，应排除。

11. D 此处与“幸运”无关，作者是学生，与“工作”无关，作文还未完成，不可能将自己的事，应排除A，B，C三项。for one’s joy 符合作者的心情。

12. C 此处意思是：至于他（布置作文的老师），我将另写文章交上去。这样与前面说的“把吃面条的有趣场景写下来只是处于回想起来觉得有意思。”一致。

13. A B项：借口；C项：方法；D项：主意；都和the night was half gone不相干，A项在句中表示：没有时间在写老师留的作文了。

14. C A项：放弃；B项：继续；D项：推迟；与作者第二天交作文无关，C项：上交，符合句义。

15. B A项：书写；B项；批阅，评分；C项：收集过的；D项：签过字的；老师发下的自然是打了分的作业。

16. A 考查上下文的逻辑性；老师朗读作者的作文，又是在全班面前，当然要read out loud.注意：publicly很有迷惑性,但它不符合英语的语言逻辑.与to the whole class 相重复。

17. C A项的内涵太大，与the whole class不相应，B项与后面的内容矛盾，D项与后面“我尽量克制自己，不表露出我的喜悦之情”矛盾。C项表示：开始有人发笑，后来全班开怀大笑。

18. D 老师表扬自己作文写得好，当然不能当中喜形于色。

19. B for在此有“因为”的意思。

20. D 根据上下文的逻辑性，开始有人发笑，接着全班开怀大笑，作者感到了很纯洁的幸福，因为其文字有魅力使人们发笑。

三. 阅读理解：

1. D 在阅读全文过程中，根据作者对往事的回忆，读者可以感受作者写这片文章是建立在一种深深的感情是的。

2. A 作者在餐馆里付帐时忽然有了新的感受，所以在第三段最后总结出I didn’t become a young man at a particular age, like 16, but rather when a kid who wandered in the streets called me “mister.” These events in my life are called “milestones”（里程碑）。即自己已经长大了，人生发生了转折，自己将要承担一份人生责任了。

3. D 注意这句话Then one day they were suddenly neither.在第四段前后的语境。作者小时候觉得警察都很高大魁梧，而且年龄比他大。现在他已经长大了，成长得和那些警察，足球运动员一样，甚至有时比那些运动员年龄还大。

4. D 从最后一段可以得知作者的感受：岁月不饶人。

四. 短文改错：

This is a story told by my father: “When I was∧boy, 1.a

The most exciting thing was when to celebrate the Spring 2. 去掉when

Festival. My grandma was the best cooker in the world 3.cook

but could make the most delicious dishes. One time, I just 4. and

couldn’t wait for the Spring Festival dinner. As I was 5. √

about∧ take a picture from a cooked duck, I saw Grandma in 6. to

the kitchen looking at me. Shake her hand, she said, ‘It 7. Shaking

isn’t a good time to do that, dear.’ At once I apologize 8. apologized

and controlled me at my best till the dinner started. You 9. myself

know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 10. months

分析：

1. boy是可数名词，第一次提到，前面必须加a

2. 本句是说：欢渡春节。When在此多余.

3. 用词不当，cooker：炊具。Cook：厨师。

4. 前后两个分句是并列关系。

6. be about to do something 是固定句型。

7. Shake her hand在本句中做伴随状语。应该用ing形式。

8. 全句都在叙述过去的事，用过去时。

9. 本句是说：控制自己。宾语应改为反身代词。

10. several后的名词应是复数形式。

五. 书面表达：

参考范文：

As students, we have classes from early morning till late afternoon. Therefore, to take a ten-minute break between classes is definitely important, even necessary. Otherwise we may feel both physically and mentally tired.

During the ten-minute break we do something to get rid of tiredness. What we need is to have a real rest, instead of getting more tired. So don’t do anything that will make you too excited.

My ten-minute break is always pleasing. I usually do some simple exercises. Sometimes I have a free chat with my classmates or just take a walk during the break. When the new class begins, I feel fresh again.

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