【导语】“从心开始”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了8篇高中英语语法主谓一致，下面是小编给各位读者分享的高中英语语法主谓一致，欢迎大家分享。
- 目录
篇1：主谓一致高中英语语法与短语
主谓一致高中英语语法
一 主谓一致概念
一、主谓一致概念：
主谓一致，即谓语动词的单复数要和主语保持一致。一般来说，如果主语是单数形式，那么谓语动词要用单数;如果主语是复数形式，那么谓语动词要用复数。但是，也会出现一些特殊情况，这就是我们要总结的。
二 主谓一致类型
1. 不可数名词看成单数，因此谓语动词要用单数形式。不可数名词有很多，比如空气、水、重量、长度、金钱等等。
(1) Ten thousand dollars is quite a large sum.
(2) About 20 percent of the work was done yesterday.
第一个句子里，钱即使再多，也只是一笔数目，所以看成单数;第二个句子里，work是不可数的，这个要注意，在英语里，我们把job看成可数名词，但是work看成不可数名词，不可数名词的前提下，不论讲它的几分之几，还是百分之多少，都仍然是不可数。
2. 主语从句看成单数。
That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.
这句话里有两个动词，一个是were，另一个是is，一个句子只能有一个动词，所以这里肯定嵌入了一个从句，我们会发现That they were wrong in these matters是个整体，充当整个句子里的主语，所以是主语从句。我们把主语从句看成单数，所以这里用的is。
3. 就前原则
就前原则，指的是动词单复数看这个词前面的名词单复数情况。as well as, with, along with, together with都遵循就前原则。具体我们来看以下例句：
(1) E-mail, as well as telephones, plays an important part in daily communication.
(2) A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift.
第一句话的意思是邮件和电话在日常沟通中有重要作用。按照意思上，感觉讲的是两个东西，动词要用复数，但是as well as是就前原则，动词要看as well as前面的名词的单复数情况，这句话里as well as前面是E-mail，是单数，因此动词用单数plays。第二句话的意思是一个有着五千本书的图书馆被当作礼物赠给一个国家。这句话里有with，也是就前原则，动词单复数看with前面的名词单复数，这句话里with前面是a library，因此用单数is offered.
4. 就近原则
就近原则，和就前原则相反，指句子里动词单复数要看离动词最近的名词单复数情况。either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…都是遵循就前原则，下面我们来看些例句进行理解：
(1) Either you or I am going to the teachers' office after class.
(2) Not only Tom but also his wife is fond of watching television.
第一句话里有either…or…，因此句子里的动词要看离动词最近的名词，最近的名词是 I，因此动词要用am。第二句里有not only…but also…，因此要看离动词最近的名词，本句里是his wife，是单数，所以要用is，即使意思翻译起来是“不仅他，而且他老婆也爱看电视”。
5. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等，形式上是单数，意义是复数，谓语动词应用复数。
(1) The police are searching for a thief.
(2) The cattle are eating grass on the hill.
第一句话其实说的是警察这个队伍在搜查一个贼，但是police是单复数同形，所以看上去像单数，而实际上是复数;第二句话cattle是表示整个牛群，但是由于单复数同形，所以会看不出来，其实意思表示整个牛群在山上吃草。
三 剑桥真题例句
1. Much of the money in this project is being spent on developing the special hardware needed to search many frequencies at once.(C9P23L25)
分析：钱不可数，即使它的很多也不可数，不可数我们就看成单数，因此动词用is。
2. With her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, she was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics, and was then sole winner of the 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.(C9P87L5)
分析：虽然she是和丈夫皮埃尔•居里以及Henri一起获得了19的诺贝尔物理学奖，但是由于有with，而with是就前原则，因此动词单复数跟着with前的名词走，这句话其实顺序有调整，改成我们习惯的句式是：she with her husband, Pierre Curie, and Henri Becquerel, was awarded the 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics.这样是不是就看出来了?
3. Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern.(C8P47L16)
分析：有些名词单复数同行，即单复数形式一样。同样的词还有people和sheep。
4. How effectively biological control can be pressed into service is proved by the following examples.(C8P94L13)
分析：这句话有两个动词，分别是be和is，一句话不能同时出现两个动词，有的话说明里面嵌入了一个从句。这句话里，从how到service整个从句在整句话中充当主语，因此是主语从句，我们把主语从句看成单数，因此用了is。
5. Not only we but also he has seen it.(由于剑桥和九分达人里没有，我们引用了《中考一本解决方案》中的句子。P89)
分析：not only…but also…遵循就近原则，即动词单复数看离它最近的主语，这里he是离动词最近的主语，所以要用单数，所以不是have seen，而是用has seen。
高考必背的英语短语
101. by chance(=accidentally， by accident)偶然
102. for a change换换环境(花样等)
103. charge sb. with …控告某人犯有…
104. in charge of (=responsible for) 负责(某事) in the charge of …由…管
105. take charge of (=to be or become responsible for)负责管理(照顾)
106. charge…for 因…索取(费用) ， charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有…
107. round the clock(=all day and all night， usually without stopping) 昼夜不停地
108. comment on 评论
109. commit oneself to 使自己承担… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱;commit one's idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来;commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
110. in common (和…)有共同之处，共用。be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的
111. keep company with (=be friendly and go out together) 和…要好。
112. compare…with … 把…与…比较
113. compare…to… 把…比作…
114. by comparison 比较起来
115. in comparison with (=in contrast to) 和…比起来
116. compensate for (=give sth. to make up for) 补偿， 赔偿，弥补 compensate sb. for sth. 赔偿，弥补
117. complain of (or about)抱怨;诉苦;控告;complain about 抱怨某人或事情;complain to sb. about sth. (or sb.) 向某人抱怨…;complain (抱怨);complement (补充);compliment (恭维)
118. comply with (=act in accordance with a demand， order， rule etc.) 遵守， 依从
119. conceive of (think of， imagine， consider) 想象，设想
120. concentrate on (or upon) 集中，专心
121. be concerned with (=about) 与…有关
122. concern oneself about with 关心
123. in conclusion(=as the last thing)最后一点;at the conclusion of 当…结束时;
124. condemn sb. to 判决
125. on condition that (=if)以…为条件， 假如。in that = because因为;now that = since既然 for all that = although 尽管
126. in out of condition (=thoroughly healthy or fit not fit) 健康状况好不好 . in good (bad) condition处于良好(坏)状态
127. confess(to)(=admit a fault， crime， or sth. wrong)承认， 供认;confess to a crime 承认罪行。
128. confide in (=to talk freely to sb. about one's secret) 对…讲真心话， 依赖
129. in confidence 推心置腹地;with confidence 满怀信心地;have confidence in 对…有信心
130. confidence in sb. sth. 对…的信赖
131. be confident of 有信心;confidential 机密的
132. confine…to… 把…限制在某范围内
133. confirm sb. in 使某人更坚定(信念等)
134. conform to (=be in agreement with， comply with) 符合，遵照，遵守;1)obey 服从;2) observe;3)comply with照…办;4)keep to遵循;5)abide by服从;6)stick to按……做
135. be confronted with(=be brought face to face with) 面对， 面临
136. congratulate sb. on 祝贺
137. in connection with(=with regard to)关于
138. be conscious of(=be aware of)觉察，知道
139. consent to(=give agreement to permission)同意
140. in consequence (=as a result) 结果
141. in consequence of (=as a consequence of)由于…的结果
142. under consideration 在考虑中
143. in consideration of (=in return for， on account of， because of )由于
144. on no consideration(in no case)无论如何也不
145.take…into consideration (=take account of， take…into account)考虑到， 把 …考虑进去
146. considerate (=thoughtful of the needs) 体贴的， 考虑他人需要的， considerable相当大的，值得考虑的
147. consist of(=be composed of)由…组成的。consist in主要在于。consist with符合，与…一致
148. be consistent with(=be in agreement with)与…一致。be consistent in一贯的
149. consult sb. on about sth. 向…征求…方面的意见， 就…向…请教
150. to one's heart's content尽情地，痛痛快快
篇2：高中英语语法主谓一致与常见短语
高中英语语法专题主谓一致
一. 就近原则：在 not only…but also, not…but , neither…nor , either…or , there be… 句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例： 1.Not only they but also I am going to collect money for the Hope Project.
2.Either you or Jack is about to take the place of the manager.
二. 集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数;指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class , team, group, family, audience(听众), government, company, crowd, public, enemy, committee(委员会) 等。
例： 1.The class are busy working on the exercises at the moment .
2.The team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic Games .
三. 当两个名词用 with, together with, as well as, rather than, more than, but, except, besides, along with, including, like 等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例： 1.Jackie, with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on business next week.
2.The son, rather than his parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)
四. 当 each, neither, either 以及由 every, any, no, some 与 one, body, thing 构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例： 1.Each of the girls is fond of pop music in her class.
2.Someone is expecting you at the school gate .
但 none 做主语时谓语用单复数都行。
例： None of them are / is interested in local music.
另外：当 every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。
例： 1.Each student is preparing for the final examination now.
2.Every boy and every girl is proud of the result of the experiment.
3.No teacher and no student is admitted to enter the place .
4.They each have an English dictionary .(此句中each 做同位语，谓语由主语they确定)
五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。
例： 1.Five hundred dollars is quite enough for the return voyage (返航)。
2.Seven kilometers was covered in two hours .
但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。
例： 1.Four times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make /makes twenty .)
六. 当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由 and 连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。
例： 1.whether he succeeds or fails doesn't concern me . (他成功或失败与我无关)
2.Swimming in the Yangtze River needs great courage.
3.To say something is one thing, to do it is another.
4.To play basketball and to go swimming are of great use for character-training.
另外：当 what, all (that) 或such 引导的句子做主语时，谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.
例： 1.What he wants is some advice on how to learn English, while what he looks forward to are some English dictionaries.
2.All that they ask for are vegetables, fruits , quilts and clothes .
3.Such are the things I often do in a day.
4.Such is my best friend Mary.
七. 当一个复数名词用做书名，人名，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。
例： 1.Guiliver's Travels is a novel written by Jonathan Swift .( 格列佛游记 )
2.The Times is a very helpful newspaper for our studies . (泰晤士报)
八. 定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。
例： 1.She is the only one of the students who has passed the examination.
2.They told us something about the houses which were built in the 1540's / 1540s.
九. 在强调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。
例： 1.I am in the search for my missing gold ring .
其强调句为： It is I who am in the search for my missing gold ring .
十.几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。
A. 当and 与 both…and …连接两个主语时，一般用复数的谓语。但如果由and并列的两个主语是指同一人时，此时后面一个主语没有冠词，其谓语用单数，表示一 个人具有双重身份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。
例： 1.The teacher and writer is giving the boys a very wonderful lecture .
2.The teacher and the singer are talking in the hall.
B. “ the +形容词 / 分词 ”做主语表一类人时，谓语一般用复数;但 the rest 要看它代表的东西来确定。
例： 1.The wounded are being done first aid beside the road now .
2..She has taken some of the vegetables. The rest are still on the table .
3.He has eaten up some of the cheese . The rest has gone bad .
4.The rest of the story was wonderfully moving and I was moved to tears
C. many 修饰主语时，谓语用复数。但 “many a… , more than one +单数名词”(意为“不只一个”)，虽说具有复数意义，但谓语仍用单数。
例： 1.Many students have made that mistake before .
2.Many a student has made that mistake before .
3.More than one student has made that mistake before .
D. 当trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes, socks, gloves等由两个部分构成的物品做主语时， 谓语一般用复数。但若与 a pair of, a kind of 等连用时，谓语用单数。
例： 1.His trousers are torn into pieces in the bike accident .
2.This pair of trousers belongs to my sister . Mine are being washed .
主谓一致专练
1.----_______ either he or I proud of the job ?
-----Neither he nor you __________.
A. Am, are B. Is, are C. Are, are D. Am, is
2. A knife and fork ______ lying on the floor .
A. was seen B. were seen C. see D. sees
3.The factory, including its equipments and buildings ,____burnt last night .
A. is B. are C. was D. were
4 .I, who _____ your close friend, will share your joys and sorrows ( 悲伤).
A. was B. are C. is D. am
5. Over 70 percent of the population in this province _______ farmers .
A. is B. are C. has D. have
6. Some person ______asking for you at the entrance to the cinema .
A. will be B. is being C. is D. are
7.The rest of the novel _______ very wonderful and instructive .
A. were B. are C. is D. seem
8.Every means ______ tried, but there is no absolute result yet.
A. have been B. has been C. will be D. were
9.What I want ______ an interesting book while what he expects _____ two cups of coffee .
A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are
10.A teacher, together with four students, ______ sent to help with this research the next week .
A. was B. has C. were D. are
11.He lost one of the books which ______borrowed from the library yesterday.
A. were B. was C. had D. have
12.Jack,as well as his relatives and friends, ________a party at home now.
A. are having B. is have C. is holding D. are holding
13.The 26th Olympic Games ______ held successfully .
A. is B. will be C. are D. were
14.All but the one that asked for leave yesterday ______ here just now.
A. is B. was C. has been D. were
15.On each side of the road ________ a lot of tall trees .
A. stands B. is standing C. grow D. is growing
16.Three hours with your old friends________ to be a short time .
A. seem B. seems C. is seeming D. has seemed
17.When and where to build the new first aid center _______ yet.
A. hasn't been decided B. doesn't decided
C. haven't been decided D. aren't decided
18.The United Nations _________ in 1959 .
A. were found B. were founded C. was found D. was founded
19.Each teacher and each scientist _______ invited to take part in the conference.
A. are B. was C. has D. were
20.One and a half apples _______ left on the table .
A. are B. is C. has D. have
(参考答案：BACDB CCBAA ACDDC BADBA/B )
高考英语必背的短语
51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起。
52. arrange for sb.sth. to do sth. 安排…做…
53. arrive on 到达;arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出，作出;arrive in 到达某地(大地方);
54. be ashamed of (=feel shame， guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以… 为羞耻
55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证， 使…确信。
56. attach(to) (=to fix， fasten;join) 缚， 系 ，结
57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…
58. attend to (=give one's attention， care and thought)注意，照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon， serve， look after) 侍候，照料
59. attitude to toward …对…的态度。看法
60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把……归因于……， 认为……是……的结果
61. on the average (=on average， on an average)平均
62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of ， having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。
63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面
64. in the back of 在…后部(里面);on the back of 在…后部(外面);be on one's back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。
65. at one's back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持，维护;have sb. at one 's back 有…支持， 有…作后台
66. turn one's back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃
67. behind one's back 背着某人(说坏话)
68. be based on upon 基于
69. on the basis of 根据…， 在…基础上
70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢
71. begin with 以…开始。to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语)
72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义
73. believe in(=have faith or trust in;consider sth.sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。
74. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。
75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)
76. for the better 好转
77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败， 胜过。
78. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时;give birth to 出生
79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上
80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)
81. on board 到船上， 在船上， 上火车或飞机
82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘
83. out of breath 喘不过气来
84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之
85. in bulk 成批地，不散装的
86. take the floor 起立发言
87. on business 出差办事。
88. be busy with sth.于某事 . be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
89. last but one 倒数第二。
90. but for (=without) 要不是。表示假设
91. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买
92. be capable of 能够， 有能力 be capable of being +过去分词是能够被…的
93. in any case(=for love or money， at any rate， at any price， at any cost ， whatever happens;anyhow)无论如何
94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;
95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一 in the case of 至于…， 就…而言
96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)
97. be cautious of 谨防
98. center one's attention on(=focus one's attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上
99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握， 一定。
100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地，有把握地
篇3：初中英语语法 主谓一致
初中英语语法 主谓一致
一、主谓一致：主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语 法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。
语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用 复数形式。
例如：Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。
2. 意义一致原则：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 例如： My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书 20 美元太贵了。
3. 就近一致原则：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。
例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且 他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。
二、 主谓一致常考题型：
1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)做主语， 谓语用复数形式。
2. many a+单数名词做主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。 例如： Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。
3. more than one+单数名词做主语，谓语用单数。
例如： More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。
4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。
例如： Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。
Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0 英镑并不太重。
Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0 英里并不是一段很长的距离。 Five minus four is one. 5 减 4 等于 1。
5. 主语是 each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。
例如： Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。
Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。
6. one and a half+复数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如： One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。
7. 动词不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：To see is to believe 眼见为实。
Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。
8. a/an+单数名词+or two 做主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：A student or two has failed the exam. 一两个学生考试不及格。
9. 当主语部分含有 with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like 等介词或介词短语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如： Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike, like his brother, enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
10. 由 and 连接的两个单数名词做主语时，一般用复数形式，但 and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人、事物或概念时，谓语动词用单数。
这两种情况区分如下： a/the+单数名词+and+ 单数名词，指的是同一个人或物; a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。
例如：The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人)
The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
11. people, police 等集体名词做主语，谓语动词用复数形式，family, class, group, team 等集体名词做主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。
例如：People here are very friendly. 这儿的人很友好。
His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。
My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。
12. 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone, nobody, everything, no one, nothing 做主语，谓语动词用单数，
例如：Is everyone here today. 今天大家到齐了吗?
Something is wrong with him. 他有毛病。
Nobody was in. 没有人在家。
13. each, either, neither, another, the other 做主语，谓语动词用单数。
例如：Each of them has an English dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典。
Neither answer is correct. 两个答案都不正确。
14. 以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如 news, maths, physics 等，
例如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
No Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。
15. 由 both„and„ 连接两个单数名词做主语时，谓语动词用复数形式; 由 or, either„or„，neither„nor„,not only„but also„,not„but„,连接两个名词或代词做主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。
例如： Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.
Not only you but also he is ready to leave.
如果either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。
初中英语选择题技巧
1、结合语境
结合近几年全国各省市中考英语试题来看，单选题的命题方向越来越注重语境的考查。这类题的特点是，所给的四个选项填入空里，都没有语法错误，所以，同学们只有通过具体的语境分析，才能选择正确答案。
2、情景交际
英语是一门语言学习的学科，学习的目的在于英语。由此，情景交际也就很自然的成为单项选择题的热点。现在的中考单选题“语境与情景”是命题者命题的主要指导思想。所以，同学们在解答这类题的时候一定要在具体的情景下使用正确合适的应答。
3、习惯搭配
单选题经常会考查一些固定短语、固定结构和习惯用法等。对于这类题，就需要同学们在平时的学习中注意积累这方面的知识点，遇到这类题，在理解句子意思的基础上，根据习惯搭配就可以直接选择答案。习惯搭配是解答单选题的捷径。
4、找关键词
有的单选题，在题干中会有一些有利于我们解题的关键词，抓住这些关键词会使我们的问题迎刃而解。这些关键词是我们解题的突破口。
5、分析近义词
在英语的选择题中，会有很多近义词辨析这样的题。这对于同学们来说是很容易丢分的题。做这类题，需要大家学会区别它们的用法，学会分析。：
6、生活常识
有的时候在单选题中会出现一些关于政治、历史、地理、风俗习惯、科技等一些常识的考题。在解这类题的时候，我们就需要借助生活经验以及相关的学科知识来进行推理。
本次整理就到这里啦，祝大家在考试中能金榜题名!
篇4：中考英语语法复习：主谓一致
谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如：
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如：
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如：
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如：
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词，如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如：
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。例如：
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
2. 意义一致的原则
(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：
Twenty years is not a long time.
Ten dollars is too dear.
(2)有些集合名词，如family, team等作主语时，如作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员，则用复数。例如：
My family is big one.
My family are watching TV.
(3)不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时，也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词，谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。例如：
All of the work has been finished.
All of the people have gone.
(4)疑问代词作主语时，其谓语动词也有两种情况：主语表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数;主语表示单数意义，则谓语动词用单数。例如：
Who is your brother?
Who are League members?
(5)“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的词组作主语时，其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定。名词是复数，谓语动词用复数：名词是单数，谓语动词用单数。例如：
It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women.
Three -fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
(6)half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时，如果所指为复数意义，动词用复数;如果所指为单数意义，动词用单数。例如：
I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.
Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick.
(7)由what 引导地主于从句作主语时，通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容为复数意义时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
What she said is correct.
What she left me are a few old books.
(8)凡是以“定冠词+形容词(或分词)”作主语，往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人，谓语动词用复数;如果指的是一个人或抽象概念，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
The dead is a famous person.
3. 邻近一致的原则
(1)由连词or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语，如果一个是单数，一个是复数，则谓语动词按就近一致原则，与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：
Either you or I am right.
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.
(2)在“There be” 句型中，谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
There are two apples and one egg in it.
(3)as well as 和名词连用时，谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。
He as well as I is responsible for it.
不但是我，他对这件事也有责任。
(4)以here开头的句子，其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。
Here is a letter and some books for you.
篇5：英语语法之主谓一致解析
英语语法之主谓一致解析
一.概念:
主谓一致是指：
1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。
2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。
3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，
一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：
There is much water in the thermos.
但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：
Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.
二.相关精讲
1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：
Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。
注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的`两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：
The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。
典型例题
The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。
2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则
1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：
There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。
There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。
2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：
Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。
Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。
3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致
当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：
The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。
He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。
4. 谓语需用单数的情况
1）代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：
Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。
There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。
2）当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：
The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 《天方夜谭》是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。
3）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：
Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。
Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。
5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数
1）代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：
All is right. 一切顺利。
篇6：考研英语语法精要 主谓一致
考研英语语法精要 主谓一致
十一、主谓一致问题
主谓一致是指主语与谓语在数上要一致。把握主谓一致问题，考生主要解决的是对不同结构的'主语单复数的认定，进而选择适当的谓语。
1.主谓一致常出现在主谓倒装结构中。如：
Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.
Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facilities.
2.主语与谓语之间有定语从句或其他结构修饰，所以距离较远，考生易误认主语。如：
The amount of pressure which the materials are subject to affects the quality of the products.
3.关系代词做主语的定语从句中，谓语的数要与先行词一致。如：
Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.
There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.
4.动名词短语、不定式短语、名词性从句做主语，谓语用单数。如：
Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her.
To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.
5.主语带有(together/along)with, such as, as well as, accompanied by, including, rather than 等附加成分, 谓语的数不受附加成分的影响。如：
The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations.
6.表示时间、距离、金额、重量、面积、体积、容积等度量的名词短语做主语时，谓语用单数。
7.某些固定结构中谓语的数：
a great many + 可数名词复数 谓语用复数
many a + 可数名词单数 谓语用单数
a number of +可数名词复数 谓语用复数
the number of +可数名词复数 谓语用单数
the majority of +可数名词复数 谓语用复数
each/every +可数名词单数 谓语用单数
neither/either of +可数名词复数 谓语用单数
more than one +可数名词单数 谓语用单数
one and a half +可数名词复数 谓语用单数
the greater part of
a large proportion of
50% of
谓语的数与of后面的名词一致
one third of
plenty of
the rest of
大学网考研频道。篇7：英语语法之主谓一致总结
英语语法之主谓一致总结
几个容易弄错的主谓一致问题
1.“many a +名词”和“more than one +名词”作主语
谓语动词的数通常用单数(即遵循语法一致的原则)：
Many a child was playing there. 很多小孩在那儿玩。
More than one student has failed the exam. 不止一个学生考试未及格。
2. each 用于复数名词后作同位语
此时谓语动词用复数：
They each have an English-Chinese dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英汉词典。
The young people each carry a big bag. 这些年轻人个个背着一个大袋子。
3. 主语后接in addition to, with, along with, together with, except, but等介词
其后的动词形式取决介词前主语：
Nothing but trees was to be seen. 除了树木之外什么也看不见。
No one except my parents knows anything about this. 除我父母外没人知道此事。
Jim, together with his classmates, has seen the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。
4. means作主语
名词means(方法)单数与复数同形，用作主语时，其谓语的单复数要视具体含义而定(尤其注意其前的修饰语)：
These means are very good. 这些方法很好。
Such a means is really unpleasant. 这样的方法确实是令人不愉快。
若没有特定的修饰语或语境，则用单数或复数谓语均可：
There is [are] no good means. 没有好的方法。
Are [Is] there any other means of doing it? 做这事还有其他的什么办法吗?
初中英语学习口诀：初中英语初中英语语法学习口诀
“顺口溜”的特有韵律会使抽象、烦琐的词语和语法知识、规则化难为易，便于记忆，增强了学生的学习热情和学习信心，学生的学习成绩会直线上升，有的记忆深刻，甚至会终生难忘。
如：
1.最初的简单动词的学习。
来是come，去是go。点头yes，摇头no。再见要用goodbye，谢谢要说thank you。
2.关于Be的用法：BTH
我用am，你用 are，is用在他、她、它，凡是复数都用are。不能错来，不能差。
3.关于冠词的使用：BTH
不见原因(元音)，别施恩(n)。
4.不用冠词的部分情况：BTH
季节、月份、节假日，三餐、球类和星期。
5.以-fe结尾变复数只加s的单词：
gulf roof chief serf blief proof handkerchief
海湾边，屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望，谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。
6.复习以-f (e)结尾的名词变复数：
leaf half self wife knife shelf wolf
thief
树叶半数自己黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，
架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。
7.关于以o 结尾的单词变复数加es的情况：
Negro hero tomato potato
黑人英雄吃土豆和西红柿。
8.关于非延续性动词：
begin leave go borrow come return join die buy arrive
开始离去，借来还，出生入死，买到家。
9.过去时：
过去时的句子变化口诀：过去时，时过去。过去事态是否是，过去时间是标志。否定句很简单，did之后not添。疑问句也不难，did置于主语前。过去置于动词前，谓语动词需还原。
巧记动词过去时形式-ed的变化：
(1)变化规则：动词变化很好记，一般末尾加-ed。如果词尾e有个紧跟其后加个d。辅音字母加y，要y把变i，特殊变化有熟记，保你一定考第一。
(2)读音规则：
清(清辅音)读清[t]，浊读浊[d]，[t][d]后面读[id]。
10.关于基数词的书写：
基数词不难记，12以内词各异，13数到19级，teen莫丢弃。20、30到90， 尾随ty是整十，说到几使几，中有 “—”要强记，遇到整百要警惕。
11.关于基数词变序数词：
基变序，有规律，123肩靠肩。8去e，9去t， ve要用f替，辅(音)后y， y→ie，th结尾莫大意，若遇数字几十几，只变个位就可以。
12.修饰名词的大致词序排列：
(A.)美圆小旧黄，法国木书房。“美” 代表描述性的词， “圆”代表形状， “小” 代表大小， “旧” 代表新旧、年龄， “黄” 代表颜色， “法国” 代表产地 “木” 代表质地 “书” 代表名词性定语说明用途。如：
(1*.)The first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge.
第一座美丽的中国小白石桥。
(2*.)A tall intelligent young Chinese officer.
一个聪慧的个子很高的年轻的`中国军官。
(B.)或者用：
县官行令，杀国才;植树苗，大新颜。
县(限定词)官(冠词)行(形容词)令(表年龄的词)，杀国(表产地的词)才(材料);植(指示代词)树(数词)苗(描述性的词)，大(表大小的词)新(表新旧的词)颜(表颜色的词)。
如：
(1*.)A few new major urban highways.
几条新的主要城区公路。
(2*.)Some sour green eating apple.
一些酸绿的食用苹果。
13.关于被动语态的使用：
动作谁做的不知道，说出谁做没必要。
接受动作要强调，被动语态最为妙。
14.关于五种简单句：
英语句子万万千，五大句型把线牵。
句子中间为动词，后接语是关键。
系动词后接表语，vi独身无牵连。
vt又可分三类，单宾双宾最常见。
15.双元音也好背，合口集中八个位。
辅音共计二十八，七浊一清又八对。
四个连对也包括，有气无声清辅音。
有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。
16. 使役动词后接动词不定式做宾语补足语省略“to”的特殊动词：
一些动词要掌握，一听hear,二看see watch三感觉feel， make let help[2],再加动词不带to,help是个两面派，其他动词非这块。还可以掌握“八字言”一感feel,二听hear, listen to, 三让have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch 后只接动名词。
在英语中，为了避免重复，句子中的某些部分经常省略，给考生的理解增加了困难。现对省略现象总结如下:
一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。
1. This beeper works well，but that one doesnt (work well).
这个寻呼机工作正常，但那个就不行。
2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units，some (of them) (weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。
二、在when，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until，once，wheth er，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。
1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid.
水纯净时，是无色的液体。
2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help.
我困难时总是找她帮助。
3. Errors，if any，should be corrected.
如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are)
4. Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning.
木头燃烧时，它放出很多烟。
5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for.
这封信留在这里待领。
6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something.
亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。
7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak.
她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。
三、当见到“when (或if，where，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast a s，than等)+possible/necessary等”时，可理解中间省略了it is(或was)。
1. Answer these questions，if (it is) possible without referring to the book.
如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。
2. When (it is) necessary you can help us to do something.
必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。
四、有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that。
1. It seems (或appears) (that) Joe is out，not Jack.
外出不在的似乎是乔，不是杰克。
2. It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party.
我很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。
3. Its a pity (that) you cant operate a computer.
很遗憾，你不会操作计算机。
4. It is the third time (that) I have come to China.
这是我第三次来中国。
五、在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，that。
1. That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.
那就是我们上周议论的淘气男孩。
六、在direction(方向)，way(方式)，distance(距离)，time(时间)，times(倍数)等后面所接的定语从句中常省略that，which，in which。
1. The direction (in which) we move a body can be changed.
我们移动物体的方向是可以改变的。
2. The distance (which或that) light travels in one second is 300，000 kilometers.
光每秒走的距离是30万公里。
七、以there be开头的句子，其主语的定语从句常可省略关联词，而there be结构作定语从句时，省略作主语的关系代词。
1. There is a chance Dr. Li will be able to be back for May Day.
李博士也许有机会能回来过五一节。
2. We have to make a list of all the books there are on the subject. 我们必须把所有关于这个题目的书列出一个单子。
八、命令句、惊叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答句中省略最为常见。
1. Open the door!开门!
2. Why not?为什么不?
3. Why so?为什么这样?
4. Anybody wishing to go?谁愿意去啊?
九、用so，not或其它手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义。
1.—Can Emily do this work?
埃米莉能做这件工作吗?
—I think so.
我想她行。
—I think not (或I dont think so).
我想她不行。
2.—Did you know anything about it?
这件事你以前知道吗?
—Not until you told me.
你告诉了我，才知道。
3. He has gone. No one knowsswheres(he has gone).
他走了，谁也不知道他去什么地方了。
4. Jenny knows what (is to be done)!
詹妮有办法!
篇8：英语语法原则主谓一致三原则
主谓一致三原则
1. 形式一致的原则
一般说来，当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时，谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时，谓语动词就复数形式：
如：
(1) He likes skating in winter.
他喜欢冬天滑冰。
(2) Alice reads much.
艾利斯看了很多书。
(3) They don’t live here.
他们不住这里。
2. 意义一致的原则
英语中，有些名词或代词形式上是单数，而意义上可能是复数，这时，谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。
如：
(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.
在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。
(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.
我到他家时，他家的人在看电视。
(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.
我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。
3. 邻近一致的原则
英语中，有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语，此时，谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。
如：
(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.
他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。
(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.
他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。
(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.
要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。
(4) Are either you or Li Lei going to be sent there.
是你将被派到那里去还是李蕾将被派到那里去?
英语基本句型归纳
基本句型 一：S V (主+谓)
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy)，主格代词(如you)，动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!
谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
S │ V (不及物动词)
1. The sun │was shining.太阳在照耀着。
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。
3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。
5. Who │cares? 管它呢?
6. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系。
7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。
8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
基本句型 二： S V P (主+系+表)
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义，只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好，sound nice/听起来不错，feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻
S │V(是系动词)│ P
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。
2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。
3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。
4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。
5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮
6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry. 我们井干枯了。
8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词，表示‘(存在)有某事物’ 。
试比较：There is a boy there.(那儿有一个男孩。)/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。
基本句型 三： S V O (主+谓+宾)
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等
S │V(及物动词)│ O
1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?
2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。
3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。
4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。
6. He │said │“Good morning.” 他说：“早上好!”
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
基本句型 四： S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea,please.
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如：Show this house to Mr.Smith.
若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me,please.
S │V(及物)│ o(多指人) │ O(多指物)
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。
2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。
4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。
5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片
6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。
8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。
★ 高中英语语法讲解
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高中英语语法主谓一致（共8篇）
