非谓语动词总结 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)

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篇1：非谓语动词总结 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)

第一节 概述

英语中动词有谓语和非谓语之分。谓语动词在人称和数上要与主语保持一致，而非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化。非谓语动词主要包括：动词不定式，动词的-ing形式和过去分词三种。

学非谓语动词必须要了解它们的形式和在句子中的功能，请看下面两个表格：

1.非谓语动词的时态和语态形式（以动词do为例）：

动词不定式 动词的_ing形式 过去分词

一般式 主动 to do doing 动词的过去分词只有一种形式即done。及物动词的过去分词常表示被动和完成，而个别动词(多数是不及物动词)只表示完成

被动 to be done being done

完成式 主动 to have done having done

被动 to have been done having been done

进行式 to be doing ×

完成进行式 to have been doing ×

2. 非谓语动词在句子中的功能：

主语 宾语 表语 定语 补语 状语 同位语

不定式 √ √ √ √ √ √ ×

_ing形式 √ √ √ √ √ √ √

过去分词 × × √ √ √ √ ×

第二节 非谓语动词的时态和语态

一． 动词不定式的时态：

不定式的一般式通常表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之后或与谓语动词同时发生；不定式的进行式（通常用于动态延续性动词）表示不定式动作与谓语动作同步发生；不定式的完成式通常表示不定式动作先于谓语动词而发生或表示一个实际未发生的动作；不定式的完成进行式往往强调不定式动作在谓语动词之前一直在进行。例如：

1. When I spoke to him, he pretended ___________(look) for something here and there.

2. He looked tired. He seemed ______________(work) all night.

3. Charles Babbage is generally considered ___________(invent) the first computer.

4. I would love _________ (go) to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.

5. He ordered the man __________ (go) there at once.

二． 动词不定式的语态：

一般情况下，在一个含有不定式的句子中，如果有不定式的逻辑主语（即不定式动作的执行者）该不定式常用主动形式；如果出现的是不定式的逻辑宾语（即不定式动作的承受者），该不定式常用被动形式。但是，下面几种结构却常用主动表示被动：

(1).在easy, difficult, hard, heavy, light, fit, nice, comfortable等表示性质特征的形容词之后的不定式或用这些词修饰一个名词后跟的不定式常用主动表示被动；

(2).少数动词如blame(责备), let(出租)等的不定式作表语时常用主动表示被动。

6. This sentence is easy ___________ (understand).

7. I can’t go out with you today, as I have a lot of clothes_________ (wash).

8. “Have you any clothes __________ (wash) today?” asked the maid (女佣).

9.Our school is a nice place _________ (visit).

10. I found the chair comfortable _________ (sit) in.

11. I think the question difficult ________ (answer).

12. It’s I who am ________ (blame).

13. The officer ordered the soldiers ________ (fire) the guns.

14. The officer ordered the guns _________ (fire).

三._ing形式的时态:

_ing形式的一般式通常表示该动作与谓语动词同时发生或发生在谓语之后；完成式则表示

动作先于谓语动词而发生。如：

15. ________ (Walk) through the park, I saw some lovely flowers.

16. He was praised for __________ (teach) for 60 years.

17. I heard him __________ (sing) when I passed his room.

18. _________ (Finish) the work, he went home.

19. He insisted on _________ (join) the army.

四._ing形式的语态：

一般情况下，需要找准-ing动词的逻辑主语，若它们之间是主谓关系，-ing动词常用

主动；若它们之间是动宾关系，-ing动词就要用被动。但在动词need, want, require,及形容

词worth之后的-ing必须用主动表示被动。如：

20. He won’t come without __________ (invite).

21. The flowers in the garden need _______ (water).

22. Thank you for _________ (give) us so much help.

23. The building ________ (build) now will be a hospital.

24. ________ (give) such a good chance, how could she let it slip?

25. The book is well worth ________ (read).

第三节 非谓语动词的用法比较

一、作主语

动词不定式和动词的_ing形式都可以在句子中作主语。

（1）、一般来说，不定式作主语时，通常表示一次性的、特指的、具体的或将来的动作；而_ing形式作主语时，通常表示一个经常性的、泛指的、或不具体的动作。如：

26. ________ (refuse) him is not easy this time.

27. _________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both the young and old.

28. ________ (teach) English is my job.

29. ________ (be) a teacher is her greatest wish in the future.

（2）、当句子的主语和表语都是非谓语动词时，两者在形式上一般保持一致；比较状语从句中的主语形式通常也取决于主句里的主语形式。如：

30. ______ (see) is to believe.==________ (see) is believing.

31. ________ (say) is easier than to do.

32. ________ (speak) a foreign language is more difficult than reading it.

（3）、在日常英语中，为了句子结构的平衡，常用it作形式主语而将不定式或-ing放在句末

这时候要注意下面的习惯句型：

It + be + 形容词或名词+ (for / of sb.) + to do sth.

It + take + sb. +some time / sth. + to do sth.

It + be + no use / no good / useless / a waste of sth. / worth + doing sth.

There + be + no + doing sth. (做某事是不行或不可能的)

33. It was foolish of you _________ (give) up what you rightly owned.

34. There is no ________ (hold) back the wheel of history.

35. I think it’s no good _______ (argue) with your parents.

二、作宾语

动词不定式和动词的_ing形式都可以在句子中作宾语。

（1）、有些及物动词后只能接动词不定式作宾语，不能接-ing形式，常见的有：hope, wish, expect, decide, promise, offer, agree, manage, pretend, plan, refuse, fail 等等。

（2）、有些及物动词后只能接动词的_ing形式作宾语，不能接不定式，常见的有：enjoy, imagine, risk, appreciate, suggest, advise, admit, miss, practise, forbid, avoid, resist, escape, delay, finish, permit, allow, mind, keep, consider, excuse 等等。

（3）、有些动词后既可以接不定式，也可以接-ing形式作宾语，意义相同，常见的有：begin, start, continue, intend, bear, attempt等等。但要注意，begin, start 如遇下面三种情况时接不定式为最佳：

A. 句子的主语是物而不是人时，如：The ice began to melt.

B. 当begin, start 用了进行时态时, 如：He’s beginning to understand it.

C. 当begin, start 后作宾语的动词属于心理活动、精神状态类动词（如realize, understand, love, like, know 等等）时，如：It began to rain and I began to realize I should go home.

（4）、有些动词后既可以接不定式，也可以接-ing形式作宾语，意义有细微差别，常见的动词有：like / love / prefer / hate to do sth.(表示一个特定的、一次性的、将来的动作)

like /love / prefer /hate doing sth. (表示一般的、习惯性的、或正在进行的动作)

36. I like _________ (swim) but I don’t like _______ (swim) today.

37. Would you love ________ (go) to the zoo with us?

38. I felt like _______ (cry) at the news.

（5）、有些动词后既可以接不定式，也可以接-ing形式作宾语，意义完全不同，常见动词有：

39. We must try ________ (finish) the work on time.

Let’s try _______ (work) out the maths problem in another way,

40. I remember ______ (see) her somewhere before.

You must remember _______ (post) the letter for me.

41. He forgot ______ (pay) and asked to be paid again.

Don’t forget _______ (turn) off the light when you leave.

42. I regret _______ (miss) such a good chance.

I regret _______ (say) that I can’t lend you so much money.

43. Doing like that means _________ (cheat).

I didn’t mean ________ (hurt) your feeling that day.

44. I can’t help ________ (do) housework today. I’m busy preparing a report.

I couldn’t help _________ (think) of my childhood while seeing the film.

45. When the teacher came in, the students stopped _______ (talk).

As he was very busy that day, he didn’t stop _______ (talk) with me.

46. Though it was raining, the peasants went on ________ (work) in the fields.

After listening to the text, we went on _______(read).

47. The baby needs ______ (look) after. =The baby needs ________ after.

You don’t need _______ (look) after the baby today.

48. Our school is well worth ________ (visit).

Our school is well worthy ________ (visit).= Our school is well worthy of _________.

（6）、介词后的宾语一般用动词的-ing形式，但要注意：but和except之后通常接不定式；介词之后若有连接词时也要接不定式。如：

49. I have no choice but _______ (wait).

50. He gave me some advice on how _______ (study) it well.

51. He has no idea of what _______ (do) next.

52. I was about ______ (go) out when it began to rain.

注意：A. 下面短语中的to是介词，后面要接动词的-ing形式而不接不定式。

devote---to---, look forward to, pay attention to, prefer---to---, lead to, be close to, refer to, belong to, as to, get down to, owing to, be / get /become used to(习惯于------),等等。

B.有些短语中介词经常省略，这时要注意接动词的-ing形式，如：be busy (in) doing sth., spend money /time (in) doing sth., have difficulty /trouble / problems (in) doing sth., prevent / stop ---(from) doing sth.,等等。

（7）、当不定式和_ing形式作“主语+谓语+宾语+补语”句型中的宾语时，要用it作形式宾语，把真正的宾语置于补语之后，常见句型有：

主语+ make / feel /think /find /consider, etc. + it + adj. / n. + (for / of sb.) + to do sth.

主语+ make /feel /think /find /consider, etc. + it + no good /no use /useless + doing sth.

三、作表语

所有的非谓语动词都可以在句子中作表语，其区别在：

（1）、不定式作表语通常表示一次性、特指的、将来的或具体的动作，有时还可以表示计划安排将要发生的事或一种命令要求。

（2）、-ing形式作表语通常表示习惯性、泛指的、不具体的动作或表示主语的性质特征（主要是一些表示感情情绪的词，译为“令人感到……的”）

（3）、过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态，常具有被动含义（主要是一些表示感情情绪的词，译为“感到……的”），这样的动词常见的有：surprise, move, excite, interest, shock, tire, bore, touch, encourage, disappoint, invite, inspire, amuse等等。如：

53. No one is ______ (leave) this building without the permission of the police.

54. My job is ______ (teach) English and my wish is ______ (be) a lawyer.

55. The president is ______ (visit) our country next month.

56. The speech was very _________ (move) and we were all _______ (move) to tears.

四、作定语

所有的非谓语动词都可以作定语，其区别在：

（1）、不定式作定语常放在被修饰的名词之后，通常可以表示：

A. 一个发生在谓语动词之后的动作。如：

The building to be built next month will be a hospital.

B. 被修饰的名词与用作定语的不定式之间可能是逻辑上的“主+谓”关系，也可能是逻辑上的“动+宾”关系。如：

Do you have anyone to help you? (“主+谓”关系)

I have nothing to write. (“动+宾”关系) 我没有什么东西可写。

C. 如果是“动+宾”关系，动词不定式之后有时需要添上适当的介词，而在名词time, place, moment, way等之后的不定式所带的介词可以省略，如：

I have nothing to write on. 我没有什么东西可以上面写字。

I have nothing to write with. 我没有什么东西可以用来写字。

I have no time to rest.

注意：这种带介词的不定式短语常可以转换为“介词+which / whom+不定式”的结构。例：They had only a cold room to live in.==

They had only a cold room in which to live.

D. 下列情况常用不定式作定语：

当句子中的谓语是一些特定的动词，如：be, find, get, give, have, need, want等，它们后面的名词（宾语或表语）常用不定式修饰。

当名词前有特定的定语，如：first, last, next, only, second以及形容词最高级时，其后常用不定式作定语。

在There be句型中，主语之后常用不定式作定语。

有一些特定的名词之后常用不定式作定语，常见的有：time, chance, right, promise, wish, plan, means, ability等。

例：You have no right to speak here.

He is the only person to know the truth.

There is nothing to worry about.

My parents had no chance to go to college.

（2）、动词的_ing形式作定语时，如果是单个词，常放在被修饰名词之前；如果是-ing短语，要放在名词之后。_ing作定语通常可以表示：

A. 被修饰名词的用途，如：a sleeping car, a waiting room, a walking stick, etc.

B. 被修饰名词的性质特征，如：exciting news, a moving story, etc.

C．被修饰名词正在进行的动作，如：a falling leaf, a burning stick, boiling water, etc.

（3）、过去分词作定语通常表示：

A. 被动，如：He is a man loved by all the people.

B. 完成，如：The building built last year is our classroom building.

a fallen leaf, a developed country, boiled water

C. 被修饰名词所处的状态，如：an excited boy, the disappointed parents, surprised eyes, etc.

五、作状语

所有的非谓语动词都可以在句子中充当状语，其区别在：

（1）、不定式（短语）常在句子中作目的、结果和原因状语，常见句式有：

目的：to do sth.; in order to do sth.; so as to do sth.

结果：so + adj. /adv. + as to do sth.; such + n. + as to do sth.; enough to do sth.; too…to do sth.; only to do sth.

原因：be happy / glad / sorry / sad ,etc. + to do sth.

（2）、_ing形式和过去分词位于句首时常作时间、原因、条件状语，位于句末时主要作方式、伴随或结果状语。究竟该用_ing还是过去分词，主要取决于句子的主语，若它们之间是主动关系就用_ing形式，若是被动关系，就用过去分词。

57. He raised his hand ________ the taxi stop. (have)

58. _______ from the top of the hill, our school looks more beautiful. (see)

59. The parents died, _______ him an orphan. (leave)

60. ______ to college, he works very hard. (go)

61. I’m not such a boy as ______ him. (believe)

62. _______ ill, he was sent to a hospital. (be)

注意：A. 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语，如：

（×）Being a fine day, we went out for an outing.

（√）As it was a fine day, we went out for an outing.

（√）It being a fine day, we went out for an outing.

(×) Hearing the news, tears came to my eyes.

（√）Hearing the news, I burst into tears.

（√）When I heard the news, tears came to my eyes.

B．有些非谓语动词可以相当于独立成分、介词或连词使用，这时候它们常有自己固定的形式，与句子的主语不存在任何的逻辑关系，常见的有：

to tell (you) the truth, to be honest, (老实说)

to make things worse (更糟糕的是)

to begin with / start with (首先)

generally / strictly / exactly speaking (一般/严格/准确地说)

judging from / by (根据/从……判断)

talking of (谈到…… )

considering (考虑到……)

including (其中包括……) compared with / to… (与……相比)

六、作补语

所有的非谓语动词都可以作补语，在使用中要注意下面几种情况：

（1）、有许多动词，如：ask, tell, allow, force, cause, encourage, 等之后都可以接不定式作宾语补足语。

（2）、在感官动词notice, observe, feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at之后可以接三种非谓语动词作补语，其区别在：_ing作补语表示与谓语动词同时进行的动作，如果这个动作与宾语是被动关系，还要用其被动形式being done；过去分词作补语常表示一个完成被动的动作；不定式作补语可以表示一个全过程、一个具体的、将来的、或经常性的动作。如：

63. I saw the classroom ________ (clean) when I passed by it.

64. The missing children were last seen ______ (play) by the river.

65. I often hear him ________ (sing) in the next room.

66. I saw the room _________ (clean). Everything was put in order.

67. I saw him ________ (open) the door, _______ (walk) into the room, and ______ (sit) down at the desk.

（3）、注意使让动词之后的补语用法：

A．have sb. do sth.==get sb. to do sth. “请/叫/让某人做某事” 与宾语的关系是主动的。

B．have sb./ sth. doing sth.“使某人一直做某事/容许某人做某事”，强调主动和进行。

C．get sb. doing sth.“使某人开始做某事”。

D．have sb./sth. done ==get sb./sth. done“使某人/某物被……或使……遭受……”，表示被动

E．make /let sb. do sth.表主动。

F. make /let sb. /sth. /oneself done 表示被动。

（4）、有些动词后不能接非谓语动词特别是不定式作宾语补足语，常考的动词有：agree, refuse, hope, suggest, demand, etc.

(5)、有些动词后需要接_ing作宾语，而接不定式作宾语补足语，常见的动词有：advise, allow, permit, forbid, encourage等。

例：68.You’d better have someone else _______ (help) you. I’m too busy.

69.He already had his eyes ________ (examine) in the hospital yesterday.

70.The speaker explained it again to make himself _______ (understand).

71.We don’t allow _____ (smoke) in our classroom.

72.He didn’t allow his son _____ (play) computer games.

七、作同位语

动词的_ing形式常被用来解释一个名词的具体内容，在句子中充当同位语，如：

His habit, studying at night, remains unchanged.

The gesture for “OK”, making a circle with one’s thumb and index finger, has different meaning in different countries.

第四节 非谓语动词的几种特殊结构

一、否定结构：

所有非谓语动词的否定结构都是在非谓语动词前直接加否定词not或never等构成。

例：Excuse me for not coming back in time.

Not having received a reply, He decided to writer again.

He advised me never to go out alone at night.

二、动词不定式的复合结构

不定式复合结构是指带有主语的动词不定式，其形式有以下两种：

（1）、for sb. to do sth.(侧重动作), 可以用于各种句子结构中。

（2）、of sb. to do sth.(侧重对逻辑主语品行的评价)，这种结构主要用于下列形容词之后：bad, brave, careful careless, clever, foolish, cruel, kind, rude, polite, stupid等。

73.It’s very important ____ us to learn English well.

74.It’s very foolish ____ you to believe him. == You are very foolish to believe him

75.There are a lot of difficulties ____ them to overcome.

76.I stepped aside ____ her to pass.

三、动名词的复合结构

由动名词的逻辑主语和动词_ing一起构成，在句子中主要作主语和宾语，其形式有：

（1）、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格+动词的_ing

（2）、人称代词宾格或名词普通格+动词的_ing

注意、A、当句子的主语就是_ing动词的逻辑主语时不能用复合结构。如：

Would you mind opening the door? (You open the door.)

Would you mind my / me opening the door? (I open the door.)

B、_ing作主语放在句首时，只能用第（1）种形式的复合结构。如：

His being ill made us very sad.

C、当无生命的名词或两个以上的名词/代词并列作_ing的逻辑主语时，只能用第（2）种形式的复合结构。如：

Can you hear the noise of the machine running.

Is there any hope of him and his sister winning the prize?

四、独立主格结构

（1）、由“名词或代词主格+动词的_ing形式或过去分词”构成，在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随情况或方式。主要用于句子的主语不是非谓语动词的逻辑主语时。如：

77.All the work_______ (do), he had a rest. （时间状语）

78.Weather ________ (permit), we will go outing tomorrow.（条件状语）

79.The boy stood there, his right hand _______ (raise). （伴随情况）

80.He _____ (be) ill, we sent him to a hospital. （原因状语）

81.There ______ (be) no buses, we had to walk home.（原因状语）

（2）、由“with/without +名词/代词宾格+动词_ing /过去分词/不定式/介词（短语）/形容词/副词”等构成，在句子中可以作状语或定语。如：

82.The murderer was brought in, with his hands _____ (tie) behind his back.

83.With a lot of work ____ (do), I can’t go to the cinema with you.

84.He left without anybody ______ (know).

五、“连接词+ to do”，“when/while/though/unless/if, etc. + done /doing”结构的区别

（1）、“连接词+to do”相当于一个名词的作用，在句中作主语、宾语和表语，常可以转换成由该连词引出的从句。

(2)、“when/while/though/unless/if, etc. + done/doing” 在句子中只能作状语，主句的主语是此结构中doing和done的逻辑主语，如果它们之间的关系是主动的，就用doing，是被动的就用done。

85. Please tell me what _______ (do ) next. ==Please tell me what I should do next.

86. The problem is whether _______ (go) by bus or by plane.

87. When ______ (start) the project hasn’t been decided yet.

88. Be careful when / while ________(cross) the street.

89. When________ (heat), ice will melt.

90. He won’t go to the party unless _______ (invite).

第五节 动词不定式的两种省略情况

一、省略不定式符号to的情况：

(1).不定式在感官动词notice, observe, feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at, 和使让动词have, make, let 之后作宾语补足语时，符号to必须省略。但是当这些动词用于被动语态时，动词不定式变为主语补足语，符号to不能省略。

例：We often hear him sing the song at home.→ He is often heard to sing the song at home.

(2).在动词help之后作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式，符号to可有可无。

(3).两个或两个以上的不定式由连词and / or / than / but 等连接时，从第二个不定式起的符号to常常省略。

例：The students are taught to read, write and do many other things.

注意：如果要强调对比，不能省略to。

例：It’s more difficult to do than to say.

The teacher came not to punish you but to help you.

I wondered whether to stay or to leave.

(4).不定式作表语，用来解释主语部分中do的内容时可以不带to。如：

What we want to do now is (to) lie down and rest.

The first thing she did was go up to her trainer and thank her.

(5).在why或why not引起的表示建议或责问的省略问句中不能带to。

Why quarrel with your mother? Why not join us?

(6).在一些类似情态动词的词组如：had better, would rather … than … , can’t (help / choose) but 等之后的动词不带to。

(7).不定式作but或except的宾语时，若前面有实意动词do / does / did / to do等形式，不带to。如：

I did nothing but / except do my homework last night.

She had nothing to do but wait.

(8).当助动词do / does / did用来加强语气或构成倒装句时，其后的动词不能带to。如：

Seldom does he go home this term. I did tell him the news.

(9).当dare用作实意动词时，后面的不定式有时也不带to，特别是在否定句中。

She didn’t dare (to) ask the teacher.

(10).在美国口语中，用在祈使语气中表示目的，在动词come / try / go / run等之后的不定式可以不带to。如：

Come tell me if he arrives. Go tell your mother. Try open the door again.

二、省略to之后的动词部分的情况：

一般说来，当不定式内容是重复前面的内容时，to后的成分可以承前省略，但要保留符

号to，此时省略的成分相当于do so，这种结构一定要有上文或一定的语境。如：

_ Will you go with me? _ Well, I’d like to.

_ Why didn’t you bring an umbrella with you? _ I meant to, but I forgot about it.

The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to.

He can’t eat as much as he used to.

注意：当不定式内容是助动词be / have时，to后要保留原形的be / have。如：

He hasn’t succeeded in the exam, but in fact he ought to have.

She is no longer what she used to be.

第六节 非谓语动词综合练习

1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _______ at the meeting by my boss. (2004)

A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned

2. Helen had to shout _______ above the sound of the music. (2004 Ⅲ)

A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

3. She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a role _____ in making the earth a better place to live. (2003)

A. to have played B. to play C. to be played D. to be playing

4. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person ______ .(1996)

A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to

5. Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan. (2004)

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

6. _ Mum, why do you always ask me to eat an egg every day?

_ ______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. (NMET1999)

A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting

7. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult. (NMET1999)

A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make

8. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world. (NMET1998). A. making B. makes C. made D. to make

9. Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth. (2004)

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

10. With two exams _______ , I have to work really hard this weekend. (2004)

A. worrying about B. worried about C. to worry about D. to worry

11. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _______ in your mind instead of before your eyes. (2004)

A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed

12. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ______ before the party. (2004)

A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change

13. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen. (2003)

A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked

14. Alice returned from the manager’s office, _______ me that the boss wanted to see me at once. (2004). A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling

15. _______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (2004) A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have wait

参考答案：1~5 CDBCC 6~10 CBABC 11~15 CABDC

非谓语动词总结练习参考答案

第二节：1. to be looking 2. to have been working 3. to have invented 4. to have gone

5. to go 6. to understand 7. to wash 8. to be washed

9.to visit 10. to sit 11. to answer 12. to blame

13. to fire 14. to be fired 15. Walking 16. having taught

17.singing 18. having finished 19. joining 20. being invited

21. watering 22. giving 23. being built 24. Given

25. reading

第三节：26. To refuse 27. Walking 28. Teaching 29. To be

30. To see; Seeing 31. To say 32. Reading 33. to give

34. holding 35. arguing 36. swimming; to swim 37. to go

38. crying 39. to finish; working 40. seeing; to post 41. being paid; to turn 42. missing; to say 43. cheating; to hurt 44. to do; thinking 45. talking; to talk

46. working; to read 47. looking/to be looked; to look 48. visiting; to be visited/being visited 49. To wait 50. to study 51. to do 52. to go 53. to learn

54. teaching; to be 55. to visit 56. moving; moved 57. to have 58. Seen

59. leaving 60. to go 61. to believe 62. Being 63. being cleaned/cleaned

64. playing 65. sing 66. cleaned 67. open; walk; sit 68. help

69. examined 70. understood 71. smoking 72. to play

第四节：73. for 74. of 75. for 76. for 77. done 78. permitting

79. raised 80. being 81. being 82. tied 83. to do 84. knowing

85. to do 86. to go 87. to start 88. crossing 89. heated 90. invited

篇2：第八章：谓语动词 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)

总述: 谓语动词的变化形式取决于时态和语态: 英语的时态有十六种, 中学英语中有十二种常见的时态; 语态有两种, 即主动语态和被动语态

1.在主动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:

一般 进行 完成 完成进行

现在 do / does am / is / are doing have / has done have / has been doing

过去 did was / were doing had done had been doing

将来 shall / will do shall / will be doing shall / will have done X

如果谓语是be动词, 则可用be动词的适当形式( be / am / is / are / was / were / been)代替以上表格中的黑体字部分. 此外, 过去将来时的形式是: should / would do或should / would be

2.在被动语态中, 各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式如下:

一般 进行 完成 完成进行

现在 am / is / are done am / is / are being done have / has been done X

过去 was / were done was / were being done had been done X

将来 shall / will be done X shall / will have been done X

另外, 过去将来时的被动语态形式是should / would be done

主动语态

在主动语态中, 高中英语中常见的有十二个时态

一.一般现在时:

1.构成: 通常以动词原形表示. 主语为第三人称单数时, 则用动词的第三人称单数形式来表示

2.用法:

①.表示现状, 性质, 状态, 经常的或习惯性的动作

a. It is fine today.

b. I am a student.

c. I get up at six every day.

d. My father never takes a bus; he walks to his office.

②.表示客观事实或普遍真理

a. Japan is to the east of China.

b. The sun rises in the east.

c. A horse is a useful animal.

③.表示将来确定会发生的动作(如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动作), 可以这样使用的动词有: go, come, leave, start, arrive等

a. My train leaves at 6:30.

b. The football match is played the day after tomorrow.

④.在时间和条件状语从句中可用一般现在时动词代替一般将来时动词

a. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.

b. We will go if it is fine tomorrow.

c. I will be away when he arrives.

d. We shall not begin the discussion until he arrives.

e. Mother, I won’t go out unless you agree.

f. Don’t try to run before you begin to walk.

⑤.在某些以here / there开头的句子中用一般现在时动词表示现在正在发生的动作

a. Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming.

b. There goes the bell.

⑥.在体育比赛过程中, 解说员叙述迅速, 短暂动作时, 可用一般现在时, 表示正在进行的或刚刚发生的动作

a. Ma Lianbao passes the ball to Mu Tiezhu, Mu shoots – a fine shot !

⑦.在剧本或图片的说明文字中, 用一般现在时表示动作

a. When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings. She picks it up and listens quietly.

二.现在进行时:

1.构成: am / is / are doing

2.用法:

①.表示说话时正在进行着的动作, 或现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定正在进行的动作

a. I am writing a letter.

b. My mother is making a dress these few days.

②.表示即将发生的动作(如在最近按计划或安排好要进行的动作), 常见的有这种用法的动词有: come /go / leave / start / arrive等, 常与表示将来时间的状语连用

a. They are going to Shanghai on Friday.

b. John is coming here next week.

③.现在进行时动词与always, continually, constantly等连用, 表示反复出现的或习惯性的动作

a. The little boy is always asking questions.

b. You are always saying that sort of thing.

④.在一定的上下文中, 前一句用一般现在时动词表述现在发生的事实, 后一句用现在进行时动词来阐述这一事实的原因, 结果, 目的等

a. He frowns. He is worrying about his boy.他皱着眉头, 因为他在为他的孩子担心. (is worrying表示原因)

b. She criticizes him. She is trying to correct his wrong habits. 她批评他, 想纠正他的坏习惯. (is trying表示目的)

c. She lets her child have his own way. She is spoiling him. 她不管她的孩子, 把他惯坏了. ( is spoiling表示结果)

⑤.不表示持续的行为, 而表示知觉, 感觉, 看法, 认识, 感情, 愿望或某种状态的动词通常不用现在进行时, 如: see, hear, smell, taste, recognize, notice, forget, remember, understand, know, believe, suppose, mean, think, love, hate, care, like, dislike, worry, forgive, want, wish, hope, refuse, feel like, belong to , possess, own, have, be, seem等

三.现在完成时:

1.构成: have / has done

2.用法:

①.表示动作在说话之前己经完成, 而后果或影响至今仍存在

a. He has gone to Shanghai. ( =He went to Shanghai and he is not here now. )

b. I have opened the window. ( =I opened the window and the window is now open.)

c. The concert has started. ( =The concert started and is now going on. )

d. I have had breakfast. (=I had breakfast and I am not hungry now. )

②.表示开始于过去, 持续到现在(也许还会继续进行下去)的动作或状态, 用于延续性动词, 且句中常带有表示段时间的时间状语

a. I have studied English since 1987.

b. He has lived here for two years.

c. He has been ill for ten days.

3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:

①.现在完成时和一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去, 但前者将过去的动作与现在的结果或对现在的影响联系起来, 而后者只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在无关

②.现在完成时不能与表明确时间的状语如: yesterday, last year, two days ago, when I came in等连用, 但可与表示不明确时间的状语如: already, yet, sometimes, often, before, lately, recently, once, twice, ever等连用, 也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语如: this morning, today, this week, this year等连用

a. She has already come.

b. I have met him before.

c. Ma Hong has always been a good student.

d. Have you ever been to the Great Wall ?

e. I have seen him this morning.

四.现在完成进行时:

1.构成: have / has been doing

2.特征: 现在完成进行时兼有现在完成时和现在进行时两者的特点

①.它具有现在完成时的特点, 即表示动作发生在过去, 延续到现在或对现在产生影响

②.它具有现在进行时的特点, 即可以表示此动作仍在进行或还会继续

a. Mr. Smith has taught English for twenty years. ( 至今为止教过二十年英语, 至于teach是否结束或是否延续, 不得而知)

b. Mr. Smith has been teaching English for twenty years.( 现在仍在教英语,而且将持续下去)

3.用法:

①.表示现在之前的一段时间里一直进行的动作, 此动可能仍在进行, 也可能刚刚停止

a. I have been reading the book all the morning.

b. He has been staying here for two hours.

c. I have been living in Beijing since 1972.

②.表示现在之前的一段时间里一再重复的动作

a. I have been calling you several times in the past two days.

4.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别: 前者着重表示过去动作对现在的影响或结果; 后者着重表示过去动作的持续进行

a. I have written six letters since I got back.我己经写了六封信 (强调结果)

b. I have been writing letter since I got back. 我回家后一直在写信 (强调“一直在写”)

c. I have read this book.我读过这本书了(强调“读过”这一结果)

d. I have been reading this book.我一直在读这本书 (强调“一直在读”)

五.一般过去时:

1.构成: 用动词的过去式表示

2.用法:

①.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内发生的动作或情况, 其中包括习惯性动作

a. I met him yesterday.

b. I used to go to school early every morning.

c. He entered the classroom, sat down at his desk and began to work.

d. Last night, I listened to the radio for two hours and went to bed at midnight.

②.在时间, 条件状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去将来时

a. Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home.

③.用一般过去时的句子一般有过去的时间状语, 有时也用地点状语暗示动作的发生是在过去

a. Have you seen a pen ? I left it here this morning.

六.过去进行时:

1.构成: was / were doing

2.用法:

①.表示过去某一时刻正在进行或一段时间内一直在进行的动作或情况

a. This time yesterday we were having an important meeting.

b. A year ago we were living in Shanghai.

②.过去进行时常与always, continually, frequently等词连用, 表示过去经常发生或反复发生的情况

a. The old man was always losing his way.

b. The two brothers were frequently quarrelling.

③.表示过去将要发生的动作, 这一用法仅限于一些表示位置转移的动词, 如: go, come, start, stay, leave等

④.过去进行时经常与一般过去时配合使用, 过去进行时表示过去的时间背景

a. The teacher was giving us a lesson when Tom walked into the room.

七.过去完成时:

1.构成: had done

2.用法:

①.表示过去某时间或动作以前己经完成的动作或己存在的状态, 即“过去的过去”

a. When all his money had gone, Marx had to leave his house in London.

b. Marx had learned some English before he got to England.

c. He said he had never been to Shanghai.

d. By the middle of last month I had lived in Beijing for five years.

②.在带有after / before引导的时间状语的句子中, 由于after / before本身的词义己经表明了时间的先后, 所以这类句子中常用一般过去时代替过去完成时

a. We left the house before it began to rain.

b. I didn’t wait long before he came.

c. After we finished the tea, we all sat on the grass.

d. After he arrived in England, Marx worked hard to improve his English.

八.过去完成进行时:

1.构成: had been doing

2.用法: 表示一直持续进行到过去某一时刻的动作, 该动作可能刚刚结束, 也可能还在进行

a. I had been waiting for two hours before the manager came down to see me.

b. By the end of 1998 he had been learning English for five years.

九.一般将来时: 一般将来时有以下几种表现形式

1.shall / will do (shall用于第一人称), 此结构表示单纯的将来, 不涉及主语的主观意愿

a. I shall be twenty years old next year.

b. You will meet him at the station this afternoon.

c. The train will arrive soon.

2.be going to do sth, 此结构表示打算最近或将来要做某事, 或说话人根据己有迹象认为非常可能即将发生的事

a. I am going to meet Tom at the station at six.

b. He is going to stay here for a week.

c. Look at these black clouds --- it is going to rain.

d. I am afraid I am going to have a bad cold.

3.be +动词不定式, 此结构表示职责, 义务, 意图, 约定, 可能性等

a. You are to be back by 10 o’clock.

b. There is to be a sports meet next week.

c. We are to meet at the school gate.

4.be about to do sth, 此结构表示“立刻, 马上”要做某事或发生某情况

a. We are about to leave.

b. Autumn harvest is about to start.

十.将来进行时:

1.构成: shall / will be doing

2.用法:

①.表示将来某时间点或时间段内将在进行的动作

a. This time tomorrow we will be talking with the boss about this matter.

b. I will be studying in this university for the next four years.

②.表示说话人感到某事即将发生或预计要发生某事

a. I will be seeing him next month.

b. We will be taking our holiday at the seaside in July.

c. He will be arriving at six tomorrow morning.

十一.将来完成时:

1.构成: shall / will have done

2.用法: 表示在将来的某一时刻之前将要完成的动作, 这一动作也可能继续进行

a. By seven o’clock this afternoon we shall have arrived in Shanghai if the train keeps good line.

b. Before noon we will have completed this work.

十二.过去将来时:

1.构成:

①.should / would do

a. He said he would go to Shanghai for the holiday.

b. He told me that I should succeed.

②.was / were going to do

a. They were going to have a meeting.

b. The students were going to plant some trees around the playground.

③.was / were (about) to do

a. We were to finish the work in three days.

b. I was about to go out when a friend dropped in.

2.用法: 过去将来时表示相对过去某一时刻来说将要发生的动作或呈现的状态, 以上各形式的具体用法与一般将来时各形式的用法相似

被动语态

一.被动语态的构成: 见“总述”部分

特别说明: 将来进行时和各种完成进行时态没有被动语态形式

带有情态动词的被动语态的构成: 情态动词 + be +过去分词

a. The work must be done right now.

b. That prisoner may be sentenced to death.

二.用法: 被动语态主要用于

1.不知道谁是动作的执行者时, 用被动语态

a. His bike has been stolen.

b. This window was broken last night.

2.没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者时, 用被动语态

a. China was liberated in 1949.

b. I was told you were late this morning.

3.强调或突出动作的承受者时, 用被动语态

a. The plan has already been made.

b. Yao Ming was elected MVP of the last week.

三.主动句变被动句:

1.主动句中的宾语转换成被动句的主语, 时态不变

a. The manager gave me ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.

→I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.

2.带有宾语从句的主动句变被动句时, 宾语从句变成主语从句, 通常不位于句首, 句首用形式主语it

a. We can learn from the text that delicious apples are big.

→It can be learned from the text that delicious apples are big.

3.带有双宾语的主动句变被动句时, 将直接宾语或间接宾语变成被动句的主语都可

a. My brother gave me a birthday present.

→I was given a birthday present. / A birthday present was given to me.

4.带有复合宾语 (即宾语+宾补) 的主动句变被动句时, 宾补的形式一般不变, 只是名称变成了主补, 但当宾补是不带to的不定式时, 要变成带to的不定式

a. I saw him play near the river. He was seen to play near the river.

5.含有短语动词的主动句变成被动句时, 不要遗漏短语动词中的介词或副词

a. The children must be taken good care of. / Good care must be taken of the children.

四.应注意的问题:

1.“be+过去分词”不一定是被动语态, 也可能是系表结构

a. The children were excited at the news.

b. We are interested in the English novel.

c. The mother was worried about her son’s absence.

2.有些动词形式上用主动语态时含有被动意思

a. This book sells well.这本书很畅销

b. This kind of cloth washed very well.这种布很耐洗

c. This pen writes quite smoothly.这支笔很好使

d. This dish tastes good.这道菜味道不错

e. This kind of cloth feels smooth and soft.这料子摸起光滑柔软

3.不是所有的及物动词都有被动语态, 某些表示状态或关系的动词或短语动词只有主动语态, 而无相对应的被动语态. 常见的这类动词有: cost花费, fit适合, have有, hold容纳, lack缺乏, own拥有, suit适合, fail失败, belong to属于, agree with同意

篇3：英语四级非谓语动词复习

英语语法复习非谓语动词：非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。

非谓语动词与谓语动词的不同点有：

(1)非谓语动词可以有名词作用(如动词不定式和动名词)，在句中做主语、宾语、表语。

(2)非谓语动词可以有形容词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中做定语、表语或宾语补足语。

(3)非谓语动词可以有副词作用(如动词不定式和分词)，在句中作状语。

(4)谓语动词在句中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制；非谓语动词在句中不能单独作谓语，它不受主语的人称和数的限制。

(5)英语中不能单独做句子的谓语。

篇4：英语四级非谓语动词复习

1.接不定式或动名词做宾语都可以，但在意思上有区别的动词的用法

mean to do想要(做某事)mean doing意味(做某事)propose to do打算(做某事)propose doing建议(做某事)

forget to do忘记(要做的`事)forget doing忘记(已做的事)remember to do记得(要做某事)remember doing记得(做过)

go on to do继而(做另一件事)go on doing继续(做原来的事)stop to do停下来去做另一件事stop doing停止正在做的事

regret to do(对将要做的事)遗憾regret doing(对已做过的事)后悔

2.不定式的习惯用法

句型：cannot help but do cannot but do cannot choose but do can do nothing but do have no choice/alternative but to do上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。如：

Nobody can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction.

When Iconsider how talented he is as apainter,I cannot help but believe that the public will appreciate his gift.

3.动名词的习惯用法

句型：be busy/active doing sth.have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.It's no good/use/picnic doing sth.have agood/great/wonderful time doing sth.spend/waste time doing sth.There is no point/sense/harm/use doing sth.

cannot help doing sth.There is no doing sth.

I know it isn't important but Ican't help thinking about it.There is no use crying over spilt milk.

Alice was having trouble controlling the children because there were so many of them.

4.there be非谓语动词的用法

(1)做宾语时取决于谓语动词的持续要求。如：

The students expected there to be more reviewing classes before the final exams.(expect要求接不定式做宾语)

(2)做目的状语或程度状语时用for there to be，做其他状语用there being。如：

For there to be successful communication,there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present.

(for there to be…在句中做目的状语)

It isn't cold enough for there to be afrost tonight,so Ican leave Jim's car out quite safely.(for there to be…在句中做程度状语)

There being no further questions,we'll stop here today.(there being…做原因状语)

(3)引导主语用for there to be。如：It is unusual for there to be no late comers today.

(4)做除for外的介词宾语，用there being。如：

He would always ignore the fact of there being such acontradiction in his inner thought.

篇5：人教版 高三非谓语动词复习要点

一、不定式的用法小结：

1、在句中所担当的句子成分：主语、表语、宾语（动词后的宾语和介词后的宾语）、定语、补语（尤其是不带to的动词原形）、状语

2、不定式在句中担当各成分时的难点及重点

⑴在句中作主语：

①在It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 和 It is adj. of sb. to do sth. 句型中。

在前一句型中形容词是表示事物特征的客观性形容词。如：difficult, hard, easy, necessary, rare, possible, important, dangerous 等。在后一句型中，形容词是表示人的品质特征的主观性形容词。如：kind, careful, nice, polite, honest, clever, foolish, wise, lazy等。常可以把这类句型进行改变，因为逻辑主语既是不定式的主语，又与句子的形容词存在着主表关系。

e.g. It is kind of you to come to see me = you are kind to come to see me.

②有三个形容词good, wrong, right 的逻辑主语既可以用of 又可以用for, 但表达的意义不同。

e.g. It is good for you to talk a walk after super. (good 为“对……有好处，益处”)

It is good of you to be always ready to help others. ( good 为“善心，好意)

⑵在句中作宾语：

① 只接不定式的动词：agree, fail, arrange, decide, hope, expect, refuse, manage, promise, pretend, wish, afford, attempt, plan 等。

② 不定式可用在介词but, except, besides, than之后做宾语。在but, except, besides 前有行为动词do时，跟不带to的动词不定式；无行为动词do时，带to的不定式，但在than之后的不定式常无to。

e.g. I have no choice but/except to accept the fact.

Little Tom had nothing to do except wander about in the street.

What do you like to do besides swim.

They thought that there was no way out than climb the cliff.

他们认为除爬悬崖之外无路可出。

③ 不定式在下列动词后常作真正宾语：

make/find/feel/consider/think/believe +it +adj./n.+ to do sth.

⑶在句中作定语：

① 名词受the last, the very, the only, 序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时， 一定用不定式做后置定语。 e.g. He is always the first person to come.

② 在名词之后做定语表动作时，用不定式。这些名词有：effort, failure, promise, desire, attempt 。

e.g. Please make an effort to arrive early.

They had little desire to get rich.

His failure to enter the college made him quite disappointed.

③ 不定式作定语用主动表被动的情况：

Ⅰ.不定式的逻辑主语是主句的主语和宾语，名词与不定式之间又存在动宾关系，常用不定式的主动表被动。

e.g. I have a lot of work to do./ I’ll give you something to read.

Ⅱ.在某些形容词之后的状语，又与主语是动宾关系，用不定式的主动表被动。这些形容词有：heavy, light, hard/difficult, easy, fit, convenient, comfortable, good, dangerous, safe.

e.g. The question is easy to answer.

The room is comfortable to live in.

Ⅲ. 在there be 句型中，不定式的主动和被动都可以，意义基本一致。

There is a lot of work to do/ to be done.

但：There is nothing to do. (译为：没事可做)

There is nothing to be done. (译为：没有办法)

⑷不定式在句中作宾补的情况：

① 跟不定式作宾补的动词：get, ask, tell, allow, permit, want, force, invite, persuade, advise, order, cause, encourage, forbid, wish, drive等。

② 不带to 的动词不定式作宾补的动词：五看两听一感觉，外加三个使役词。如：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, let, make, have。而help是可有可无to 的动词。

二、动名词：

1、在句中的作用：主语、表语、宾语、定语

2、动名词在句中担当各成分时的难点及重点：

⑴用动名词作主语的句型：

It’s no good/ no use doing sth..

There is no doing…. (……是不行的，做……是不可能的)

It’s worthwhile doing sth. (做……是值得的)

e.g. There is no joking about their belief. 拿他们的信仰来开玩笑是不行的。

It’s worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.

给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。

⑵动名词在句中作宾语：

① 作介词的宾语

② 只接动名词作宾语的动词：enjoy, finish, mind, miss, suggest, advise, appreciate, avoid, imagine, admit, consider, delay, practise, forbid, deny, allow, permit, require, risk, excuse, prevent, complete, resist(抵抗)

③ 只接动名词的短语动词：give up, feel like, be worth, be/become/get used to, lead to, look forward to, object to, stick to, be fond of, pay attention to, be engaged in, put off, keep on, prevent/ keep/ stop…from, set about, can’t stand, get through(完成)等。

④ 在可省略的介词in 之后做宾语：

have difficulty/ trouble/ problem/ fun/ pleasure (in) doing sth.

have a good time/ a hard time (in) doing sth.

spend/waste time/ money (in) doing sth.

be busy (in) doing sth.

There is no use/ no harm/ no hurry/ no point (in) doing sth.

There is no harm in staying up a little later.

⑶动名词的复合结构在句中的使用：

有时为了说明动名词的动作是由谁来执行的，通常用名词的所有格或形容词性的物主代词来做动名词的逻辑主语。在口语中，动名词复合结构的逻辑主语也可以用宾格或普通格来做。 如：

Their coming to help us was a great encouragement.

The mother’s worry is her son’s going to bed too late.

Do you mind me opening the door?

但在以下几种情况通常用普通格来做逻辑主语：

① 逻辑主语是无生命的名词时，如：Is there any hope of your team winning the game?

② 逻辑主语是不定代词，指示代词时，如：

Last night he was waked by someone knocking at the door.

③ 逻辑主语是两个或两个以上的单位时：

I still remember you and your father coming to see me many years ago.

三、分词：

1、分词在句中的作用：表语、定语、状语、补语。

2、分词在句中作表语

现在分词在句中作表语，表示主语的性质与特征，它相当于一个形容词的作用。过去分词在句中作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已完成动作的状态。

e.g. The film is interesting / moving.

He is well educated.

75% of the surface of the earth is covered with water.

使役动词所转变而成的形容词也常被认为是分词作表语。现在分词形式表某人或某物给别人的感觉；过去分词形式表说话者的主观感受。这些使役动词常有：interest, surprise, frighten, excite, astonish, bore, tire, annoy, encourage, discourage, satisfy, disappoint, inspire, move, please, confuse, amuse, shock, worry, puzzle等。

3、分词在句中作定语：

⑴ 动词的现在分词在句中作前置定语，都表示动作的进行及主动，现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个主动的定语从句。如：

a sleeping boy / the changing world / the rising sun

The teacher talking with the students will give us a report.

Most of the assistants working in this shop are young people.

注意：有时单个的现在分词也作后置定语，强调动作正在进行。

a cleaning woman ( 一位女清洁工)

a woman cleaning （一位正在打扫的妇女）

a dancing girl 一位舞女(永久性)

a girl dancing 一位正在跳舞的女孩 (暂时性)

⑵不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，表示动作的完成；及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，既表动作完成，又表被动。如：

vi. a returned soldier/ retired teachers/ the risen sun/ a sunken ship

vt. the murdered man/ a finished article/ the stolen bike.

但只有及物动词的过去分词能在句中作后置定语，相当于一个被动的定语从句。

He is the man loved by all.

Your letter dated March 10 has been received.

注意：现在分词的完成式和完成被动式不在句中作定语。

4、分词在句中作宾补：

⑴现在分词通常在句中做以下动词的宾补，表主动及动作的正在进行或持续。如：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, find, want, catch, smell及这些有“使……”的词，send, leave, set, get, keep, have 等。

e.g. I could smell trouble / danger coming./ His words set me thinking.

He left me lying there alone. / The earthquake sent the glass flying everywhere.

I don’t want people coming in and out all day. ( want一般用于否定句中)

⑵过去分词通常在句中做以下动词的宾补，表被动。如：see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, look at, notice, feel, find, make, have, want, leave, get, wish等。

e.g. I want that letter typed by tomorrow.

I must get the work finished before Sunday.

Who left the door unlocked?

注意：现在分词的完成式和完成被动式及being done结构不在句中作宾补。

5、分词在句中作状语：

⑴分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句主语保持一致。如果不一致时，就必须分词加上自己的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构。如：

The weather being fine, we decided to go for an outing.

`Winter coming, the mountain is covered by snow.

There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.

The telephone number given, we called him at once.

Everything considered, the plan is practical.

⑵现在分词在句中作状语，表主动；过去分词表被动。being done 结构通常不在句中作状语。

⑶现在分词的完成式在句中作状语时，既表主动，又表先于主句谓语动作发生的动作或已完成动作；现在分词的完成被动式作状语，既表被动，又表先于主句谓语动作发生的动作。

⑷否定词not要加于分词之前。

e.g.. Having a written examination, I am forced to study hard.

The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.

Seen from a spaceship, the earth looks just like a big blue water ball.

Not having seen her for years, we could hardly recognize her.

Having been hit by the big boy on the nose, the little boy began to cry.

⑸分词的独立形式，即分词作状语，没有逻辑主语，而是修饰整个句子。如：generally/ frankly/strictly/ honestly speaking, judging from/by, compared to/with.

e.g. Generally speaking, he is fit for the position.

Judging from his accent, he is from the south.

Compared with other companies, our staff turnover(人员流动率) is low.

四、不定式、动名词和分词用法的比较：

1、不定式与动名词作主语的区别：

⑴不定式作主语常表示一次性具体行为，动名词通常表示习惯性、经常性的动作。

⑵主语用不定式，表语用不定式；主语用动名词，表语用动名词。

e.g. To do this work is very difficult./ Teaching English is my job.

To see is to believe. / Seeing is believing.（这两个句子的主表位置不能交换）

2、不定式与动名词作宾语的区别：

⑴ like/ love/ continue/ begin/ start 后接to do 和 doing的区别不大，但在以下几种情况时多用不定式（to do ）.

① would like / would love + to do sth.

② start/ begin 的主语为it 或物质名词时，用不定式。

e.g. It began to rain./ The ice began to melt.

③ start/ begin 本身为进行时, 用不定式。

e.g.. I’m beginning to talk about it.

④ 当start/ begin后接某些表感觉或心理活动的动词时，用不定式。如：understand, see, realize, feel, find, know，believe等。

e.g. I began to understand the meaning which begins to be clear.

⑵有一些动词接to do 与doing 有明显的区别。

to do 要去做的事

forget/ remember 忘记/记住

doing 已做了的事

to do 遗憾未做的事 to do 设法去做，努力地去做

regret try

doing 后悔做了的事 doing 试着做

to do 打算去做 to do 学会做（已会做）

mean learn

doing工意味着 doing 学习做（不一定会）

to do 继续做另一件事 to do 不能帮助去做

go on can’t help

doing 继续做同一件事 doing禁不住，忍不住做

to do sth. 害怕而不敢做

be afraid

of doing sth. 担心……，害怕做……

to do 停下来做另一事 to do 离开去做另一件事

stop leave off

doing 停止正在做的事 doing 停止正在做的事

to do

need/want/ deserve 需要/ 值得去做

require/ be worth +doing (主动表被动)

3、不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别：

⑴ 不定式与动名词在句中作表语的异同。

不定式与动名词作表语都是为了说明主语的内容。它们作表语时，都能与主语换位，其逻辑意义不变。但不定式侧重表示具体的动作或表未发生的动作，动名词则表习惯性、经常性动作。回答 what的提问。

e.g. Our plan is to train the students’ speaking ability.

His wish is to become a famous teacher.

Its full-time job is laying eggs.

⑵现在分词作表语表主语的性质、特征。回答how 的问题；过去分词表状态或已完成动作的状态。

e.g. The problem is puzzling./ The joke is amusing.

The sun is set in the west./ Her necklace was gone.

4、不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别：

⑴动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，该动词不定式要用被动式。动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作。如果动作已发生或正在发生，一般用现在分词作后置定语。如果是动作已经完成且又与名词是被动关系时，就用过去分词作后置定语。动名词不作后置定语。例如：

e.g. Do you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有什么事要做吗?

I am going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 明天我要去上海。你有什么东西要捎去的吗?

I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。

Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting.

Have you read any short stories written by Luxun?

The professor being talked will come here tomorrow.

⑵动名词与现在分词作前置定语的区别：

动名词作定语表示它所修饰名词的目的、用途、性能或作用，二者无逻辑上的主谓关系，但可以变成for引导的介词短语；而现在分词作定语表示它所修饰名词的动作或状态，二者是逻辑上的主谓关系。如：

a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping

a sleeping car = a car for sleeping

a dancing girl = a girl who is dancing

a dancing hall = a hall for dancing

⑶既能用不定式又能用of +动名词来修饰的名词：

of + doing

way/pleasure/chance/power

to do

e.g I have no chance of speaking to him/ to speak to him.

5、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。

现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作正在进行或持续也可使动作具有描写色彩。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是被动的关系。不定式作宾补： 表一个已完成的动作的全过程或一次性动作也可表事实。

e.g: I saw him open the window. /I saw him opening the window. / I saw the window opened.

I heard the song sung in English. / I heard her sing the song in English.

We saw the sun rise./ We saw the sun rising behind the trees.

6、不定式与现在分词作状语的区别：

⑴作原因状语的区别：

不定式作原因状语，常放在某些表示人的感情的动词或形容词之后，不能置于句首，也不能换成原因状语从句。不定式所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动作之前。现在分词作原因相当于一个原因状语从句，常置于句首，常用表状态的动词，偶尔也表动作的动词。如：

e.g. We laughed to see the new book.

We are proud to be young people of New China.

She look happy to hear the good news.

Being ill, he was unable to go to school.

Not knowing her address, we couldn′t find her.

Having seen the film before, I didn′t go to see it last week.

⑵作结果状语的区别：

不定式作结果状语，表意想不到的结果，现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。

e.g. He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.

He arrived at the station to be told the train had gone.

Tom fell from a tree, breaking his arm.

They open the fire , killing one of our villages.

⑶不定式在句中作状语，通常表目的、结果或原因；分词作状语可表时间、条件、伴随、让步、方式、结果、原因等。

五、动名词、现在分词和进行时的区别：

这三种在形式上完全相同，都是be+ving的结构，但在意义上是完全不同的。动名词作表语都是为了说明主语的内容，能与主语换位，其逻辑意义不变。现在分词作表语表主语的性质、特征。而进行时态，则是强调主语的动作，且不能与主语换位。如：

e.g. His purpose is serving the people.= Serving the people is his purpose.

He is serving the people.

“The Internationale”（国际歌） is inspiring.

“The Internationale” is inspiring the workers of the whole world.

六、过去分词与被动语态的区别：

过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。

e.g.. The window was broken by his brother. (被动语态)

The window was broken. （系表关系）

He is well educated. （系表关系）

He has been educated in this college for three years. （被动语态）

篇6：高考英语复习知识点：动词和动词词组及非谓语动词

动词及动词短语的考查点多面广，综合性强，备受命题者青睐。

考点一、考查动词词义辨析

这类试题的四个选项是在结构上都很相近的动词。要做好这类试题，必须明确各个动词的词义和用法，然后根据题意需要选用合适的动词。

例Recently, these companies have _______ some workers because of the drop in economy.

A. hired B. dismissed

C. refused D. employed

【解析】四个选项都是及物动词，且都可以与worker构成动宾关系，但从题干中的the drop in ?economy可知，只有B项符合题意。

考点二、考查近义动词辨析

这类试题的四个选项无论在意义上还是在结构上都是很相近的动词。面对这类试题，必须要从四个动词的语义差别、用法特点等入手才能选出符合题意的动词。

例When his brother was to cross the street, he was knocked down by a truck and badly _______。

A. injured B damaged

C. harmed D. destroyed

【解析】 这四个动词都有伤害，损害之意，但具体用法不同。injure指在意外事故中受伤damage主要指对于物体的不彻底的破坏，这种破坏或因自然灾害所致，或因人为造成，常含可以修复之意;harm用于肉体或精神上的伤害，有时可指引起不安或不便;destroy表示毁坏十分彻底，常含无法修复再用之意。从题意来看，答案为A。

考点三、考查动词与其宾语的固定搭配

英语中有许多动词与其宾语有固定的搭配和习惯用法。碰到这类试题时，解答的关键是弄清题意，然后根据题意选择符合固定搭配或习惯用法的动词。

例 With modern equipment, many mysteries have _______ to light in recent years.

A. bought B. come

C.

thrown D. appeared

【解析】 题意为由于有现代化的设备，近年来许多谜团被揭开。揭露，将曝光是come to light，故答案为B。

考点四、考查同根动词短语的辨析

这类试题的四个选项都是由同一个动词加不同的介词或副词构成。从历年高考试题来看，那些搭配能力强、语义丰富的常用动词短语是命题的重点对象。解答这类试题时，一定要在理解语境的基础上，从语义逻辑、固定搭配、前后关系等角度去确定答案。

例How I wish that I could _______ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.

A. set out B. set off

C. set in D. set up

【解析】分析题意为我多么希望在网上聊天时能用简单而又漂亮的英语表达我的思想啊。由题意可知，空缺处应该是表达;解释之意，而四个选项中只有set out有此意，故答案为A。

考点五、考查同根介词或副词的动词短语的辨析

这类试题的四个选项是由不同的动词加相同的介词或副词构成。解答这类试题的关键首先还是弄清题意，然后选出符合题意和句子结构需要的动词短语。

例When I was twenty, I had to _______ before graduation and work in a clothes shop to help support my family. A. drop out B. come out

C. leave out D. stay out

【解析】分析题意为在20岁时，我不得不辍学到一家服装店工作以帮助养活我的家人。从题意可知，空缺处应该是辍学之意，四个选项中，只有A项的drop out有此意，故答案为A。

例Take care during the holidays! Drinking too much can _______ heart disease and cause high blood pressure.

A. contribute to B. relate to

C. attend to D. devote to

【解析】分析题意为节日期间要当心!喝酒太多会导致心脏病和引起高血压。由题意可知，空缺处应该是导致之意，四个选项中，只有A项contribute to有此意，故答案为A。

考点六、考查不同动词构成的动词短语的辨析

这类试题的四个选项是由四个不同的动词构成的动词短语。解答这类试题的关键是根据题干意思，选出符合题意的动词短语。

例The society today offers the young generation more chances to _______ their talent and skills.(2009合肥质检)

A. give out B. take in

C. show off D. carry on

【解析】分析题意为当今社会给年轻一代提供了更多的机会来展示他们的才能和技能。由题意可知，空缺处应该是炫耀;展示之意，故答案为C。

【精选试题】 名校模拟题及其答案

1.(2008高二第一学期期末六校联考，英语，30)How lovely these children are!

Yeah.They______ memories of my childhood.

A. called out B. called for C. called up D. called on

【解析】call out出动, 向叫喊， call for 需要，要求， call up召集, 使想起, 提出, 打电话给， call on号召, 呼吁, 约请, 访问。此句意思是他们引起了我对童年的回忆。因此选C。

【答案】C

2. (2008度高二第一学期期末六校联考，英语，33)Many kids ________ the net bar, and _____had a bad effect on their studies.

A. are addicted to; it B. get engaged in; which

C. are related to; what D. are addicted to; which

【解析】be addicted to 意思是对上瘾，符合题意。And 是一个并列连词，后面应该是并列句，而不是从句，因此排除B和D。be related to与有关，不符合题意，因此排除。

【答案】A

3.(山东省莒南一中200820高三第一学期学业水平阶段性测评，英语，21)

After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane her job as a doctor

in the countryside.

A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up

【解析】set out出发, 开始 take over接收, 接管take up从事 set up设立根据题意，应选C。

【答案】C

4. (江苏省扬州中学2008-20度高一第二学期3月月考，英语，34)Though we _________serious natural disasters, we are sure to overcome all difficulties.

A. give away B. affect with C. suffer from D. deal with

【解析】give away分发, 放弃, 泄露， affect影响及物动词， suffer from遭受 ，deal with处理。从 we are sure to overcome all difficulties.这句话可以推断出前半句的意思应该是尽管我们遭受着严重的自然灾害，因此应选C。

【答案】C

5. (重庆市十二校2OO9年高三第一次质量调研抽测试卷,英语，32) The shop assistant was fired as she was _________ of cheating customers.

A.accused B.charged C.blamed D.caught

【解析】be accused of 被控告 accused与of 搭配，符合题意。 be charged with被控告charge 和with 搭配。 blame 责备。

【答案】A

6.(河南省实验中学08-09学年下期高三第二次月考，24) Asked suddenly about the matter ,he couldnt an answer at once.

A. come up with B. look for C. put up with D. answer for

【解析】come up with得出答案 look for寻找 put up with提出 answer for负责根据题意，应该选A.

【答案】A

7.(吉林市普通中学20082009学年度高中毕业班下学期期中复习检测，英语，18)

My daughter is not sure what to_______ at the university; she cant make up her

mind about her future.

A. take up B. make up C. pick up D. build up

【解析】句意：我的女儿在大学里不知道学什么，对自己的未来他心里还没有底。take up开始学;开始从事。make up组成，构成;编造;pick up拾起;学到;获得;build up逐步建立;增强。

【答案】A

8.(杭州二中高三年级第五次月考，英语，6)His colleagues ______ him though he himself didnt think he had done anything special.

A. thought highly of B. looked up to

C. sing high praise of D. show great respect for

【解析】think highly of 固定搭配，译为对评价高符合题意。Show great respect 后应用介词to, C 说法错误，look up to 向上看，不合题意。

【答案】A

9.(大庆市高三年级第一次教学质量检测试题，英语。33)Hard work and lack of sleep have her beauty and youth in recent years.

A. worn out B.tried out C made out D.sent out

【解析】worn out耗尽，筋疲力尽; tried out试验, 考验, 提炼;make out书写, 填写, 拼凑, 进展, 说明, 设法应付, 理解, 辨认出; sent out发出。

【答案】A

10.(厦门市高中毕业班质量检查，英语，23)Its obvious that the Beijing Olympic Games a great seccess.

A.kept B.showed C proved D.remained

【解析】show sb sth 出示某物给某人看;keep保持;prove证明是;符合题意，remain仍然。

【答案】C

11. Before the war broke out, many people ______in safe places possessions they could not take with them.

A. throw away B.put away C.gave away D.carried away

【解析】 句意：战争爆发前，好多人把一些不能带走的东西存放在安全的地方。put away存储，存放;throw away扔掉;give away 泄露，赠送;carry away拿走。

【答案】B

12. The company is atarting a new advertising campaign to ______new custumers to its stores.

A.join B. attract C.stick D.transfer

【解析】 句意：为了把新的顾客吸引到店内，公司开始了一场新的广告战。Attract吸引;transfer 转让，转移。

【答案】B

13. Modern plastics can ______very high and very low temperatures.

A. stand B.seeking C.finding D.looking for

【解析】 句意：新型的塑料袋能够承受很高和很低的温度。stand承受，经受，经得起。hold支撑,carry 运载 support 支撑，养活。

【答案】A

14. It was already past midnight and only three young men ______in the house.

A.left B.remained C. delayed D. deserted

【解析】 句意：已过午夜，只有三个青年那字还在茶馆里。leave,离开，使保留;desert,抛弃，舍弃。A 项应用被动语态， C 和D不合句意。

【答案】B

15.In this seaside resort，you can __________all the comfort and convenience of modern tourism.(山东2007)

A.enjoy

B.apply

C.receive

D.achieve

【答案】A。

【解析】这几个动词均可以作及物动词，但是意思、含义不一样。enjoy表示.享受之乐，欣赏，喜爱，apply表示运用，应用，专心，致力，receive表示领受，接到，收到，得到(信、命令、请帖等)，achieve表示完成，做到;获得(胜利等);达到(目的)，实现。根据句意只能选A。句意：在这个海滨娱乐场，你可以享受所有现代旅游的舒适与便利。

16.We ________the last bus and didnt have any money for taxi，so we had to walk home.(全国2006 Ⅰ)

A.reached

B.lost

C.missed

D.caught

【答案】C。

【解析】reach意为到，抵，到达(特定地点，目的地等)，lose意为丢失，丧失，miss意为没赶上(车子等)、错过，catch意为赶(得上)(火车等);追着，捕捉;逮着根据句意只能选C。

17(福建卷，33)The news of the mayors comong to our school for a visit was ______on the radio yesterday.

A. turned out B.found out C. given out D.carried out

【答案】C

【解析】 句意：新市长要求来我校参观的消息已于昨日通过广播公布了。A项意为结果是，制造生产 B项意为查清，弄明C项是分发，散发D项为履行，实施

18(20湖北卷，27)If we can ______our present difficulties, then everything should be all right.

A. cone across B. get over C. come over D. get off

【答案】B

【解析】 句意： 如果我们能克服目前的困难，一切都会很顺利的。come across 偶遇;get over克服，越过;come over 过来，顺便来访;get off 下车，使动身。

19 (2007山东) Its the sort of work that__________a high level of concentration.

A. calls for B. makes up

C. lies in D. stands for

【答案】A

【解析】call for要求make up弥补，编造，组成lie in在于stand for代表。句意是正是这种工作要求精力高度集中。故正确答案为选项A。

20. (2007浙江)We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only__________violence.

A. runs into B.comes from

C. leads to D. begins with

【答案】C

【解析】run into撞上，陷入come from来自于lead to导致，引起begin with以开始。句意是我们坚信战争不会解决任何问题，它只会引起暴力。故正确答案为C。

21. The teacher has a peculiar way of ______her students nervousness when then speak English.

A. breaking down B. going over C. taking off D. giving away

【解析】A 句意：这位老师有一种疏导学生在说英语时产生的紧张情绪的独特方法。 Break down :to separate something such as an idea or statement into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with .go over 复习; take off脱下，起飞;give away分发，赠给，泄露(秘密)。

22. In the cross-lake swimming race, a boat will be ____in case of an emergency.

A. standing by B. turning on C. getting on D. running on

【解析】A 句意：有船只严阵以待，预防紧急情况。stand by 为不及物短语：to wait and be ready for action if needed 准备行动;待机;turn on 打开;get on进展;run down撞倒。根据句意，B 、C、D 三项均不符合。

23. You _____only half the price ,how would the seller sell the jacket to you ?

A. spent B. paid C. charged D. offered

【解析】D句意：你仅出半价，店员怎么会把这件夹克卖给你呢?offer: to say that you will pay a particular amount of money to buy something 出价六万英镑买这所房子。 Charge(收费)不符合题意。抚讲价(offer)而后才能药费(spend)或支付(pay)帮A、B两项不合常理。

24. He _____the problem _____in his mind for a whole week before he did anything about it.

A. switched; on B. kicked; up C. turned; over D. took; on

【解析】C句意：在采取措施之前，他在脑中将这个问题反复思考了一个星期。turn over :to think about carefully仔细考虑;switch on把开关打开;kick up引起;take on呈现、雇用、承担。

25. At times the balance in nature is ______ , resulting in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.

A. troubled B. confused C. disturbed D. puzzled

【解析】C trouble主要指遇上难解决的问题而使人苦恼、忧虑;puzzled 指人是困惑的，因此将A、D两项排除;根据句意，自然的平衡本身并不是混乱的(confused),而不受到了人为的干扰(disturbed),才会导致不可预见的影响。因此选择C项。

26. So, how is your new roommate ?

She really ____. She always making loud noises at midnight and when I remind her , she always makes rude remarks.

A. turns me over B. turns me down C. turns me off D. turns me out

【解析】C turn sb.over :把移交，把交给;turn sb. down:拒绝;turnsb.off :使对(某人)感到厌烦、使不感兴趣;turn sb.out:驱逐，赶走。根据句意她总是在午夜弄出很大的响声，我提醒她时，她还总是说些粗鲁的话，由此可知她是使我烦透了，选择C项。

27. People have planted a great many trees in order to ____wind and sand in the desert.

A. hold down

B. hold up C. hold back D. hold out

【解析】C hold down压制，限制;hold up推迟，耽搁;hold back阻挡，抑制;hold out提供，提出。句意：人们种了大量的树，为了阴挡风和沙尘。由此可知答案为C项。

28. Would you like to go to Paris with us next year ?

Id like to, but my mother ______ that I am too young.

A. is against B. opposes C. objects D. explains

【解析】C前三项意思相同，都可以表示反对(做)、某事：be against(doing)sth.:oppose(doing) sth.; object to(doing) sth.。但是objiet还可接宾语从句，这时它为及物动词，意思为提出异议。前一句邀请对方一起去Paris，答话人说他很愿意去，但是妈妈提出异议说他年龄太小。D项explain虽然也可执着that 从句，但是它的含义为解释不能明确地说明妈妈的态度是赞成还是反对。

29. Theres no bear left and the pubs are shut so youll have to _______.

A. go out B. go off C. go without D. go through

【解析】C go out外出，熄灭;go off爆炸，中断;go through通过，完成，经历;go without忍受某事物的缺乏。句意：啤酒卖完了，酒吧也都关门了，所以你只好将就一下了。

30. The film World without thieves ______ a great success and brought in a large profit to the cinema.

A. appreciated B. enjoyed C. won D. seized

【解析】B易误选C，win 指赢得了比赛、奖励、胜利等，不可以与a great success 连用。Enjoy享有，如：He enjoys a reputation for honesty. 本题中的enjoy a great success 意为 win large sales。句意：《天下无贼》一举成功，同时也给电影院带来了巨大的盈利。

篇7：高考英语复习知识点：动词和动词词组及非谓语动词

非谓语动词包括不定式、动词ing和过去分词等几种形式，这是历年高考必考内容，每年都会有1-2题涉及该部分要点。考点集中在：非谓语动词作定语的区别;动名词和不定式作宾语的用法比较;现在分词和过去分词的用法比较;特定句型中非谓语动词的用法等。

【高考考点透视】

1.非谓语动词的构成和语法功能及用法对比。

2.非谓语动词的完成式、被动式的用法和特点。

3.非谓语动词的复合结构及否定形式。

4.不定式与动名词，动名词与现在分词，现在分词与过去分词，分词作状语与独立结构等用法对比。

5.不定式和动名词在及物动词后作宾语的区别是考查的热点。

6.过去分词作定语，不定式和分词作宾语补足语的用法。

7.不定式标志to和介词to的用法判断等。

8.带to与不带to的不定式的用法及区别。

考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别

英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分,而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当。如果对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆,做题效果可想而知。要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。如：

1.Thechildren(play)_____theviolinovertherewillgoonthestagenextweek.

根据句子结构，我们可以看出这是一个简单句。主语是Thechildren，谓语部分是willgoonthestage，动词play显然在句中不作谓语，应用非谓语动词形式。依据play与它的逻辑主语children之间的主动关系以及拉小提琴动作正在进行，可以判断用现在分词作定语修饰children，意为正在那边拉小提琴的小孩，因而正确答案为playing。

考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析

作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语,不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同。动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语;现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，两者不同之处在于：现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。请看下面例题：

1.____tiredofTomsall-talk-no-actionattitude,Juliadecidedtodothejoballbyherself.

A)TogetB)Tohavegot

C)GettingD)Havegot

一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的情况下,逗号是无力连接两个句子的。据此，首先可以确定这是一个简单句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。依据非谓语动词短语gettiredof与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作态度，故正确答案为C。

考点三、考查非谓语动词逻辑主语的分辨

非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但仍然有自己逻辑上的主语。历年各种考试的重点在于正确分辨非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么，两者之间是主动关系还是被动关系，特别是非谓语动词作状语的时候。我们知道，当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候，一般来说，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，那么，当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，又会出现什么现象呢?请看下面例题：

1.Thelastbus(go)____,wehadtowalkhome.

2.Weather(permit)____,thespaceshipwillbelaunchedtomorrowevening.

这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语，而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语，即是末班车开走了，而不是我们走了,是天气允许,而不是飞船允许，这种现象或结构就是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动关系,正确答案分别为havinggone和permitting。

请再看下面例题：

3.Thework(finish)_____,theymaygohome.

4.Theproblem(discuss)_____atthemeeting-roomnow,theworkershadtowaitoutdoors.

同样，这两道题的结构也是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的被动关系以及非谓语动词所表示动作发生的时间性，可以判断正确答案分别为finished(已完成)和beingdiscussed(正在进行)。

考点四、考查非谓语动词时态与语态的把握

非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但它仍然具有动词的特征，即可以有自己的主语(逻辑主语),也可以有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词的各种时态形式都是依据句子的谓语动词的时态形式而变化的。一般情况下，如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作同时或之后发生,就用非谓语动词的一般式或进行式(侧重强调动作正在进行);如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，就用非谓语动词的完成式(特别强调动作发生的先后)。非谓语动词的语态在于正确把握非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。例如：

____thatBobhadgotpromoted,hisfriendscametocongratulatehim.

A)HeardB)Havingheard

C)HearD)Tohear

依据非谓语动词hear与其逻辑主语hisfriends之间的主动关系，以及前后句的逻辑关系，可以断定用现在分词形式来作时间状语，再根据现在分词的动作听说发生在主要谓语动词来之前，由此判断应该用现在分词的完成式(只用作状语时使用)，意为听说Bob已得到提升，他的朋友都来向他表示祝贺，故正确答案为B。

考点五、考查非谓语动词作主语时句式的转变

非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)作主语主要考查其句式的转变，习惯上通常把it作为形式主语放在句首，作题时要善于分辨这种形式上的转变。请看下面例题：

1.Itisanhonourforme(be)_____yourEnglishteacher.

2.Itisnouseofus(wait)_____athomelikethis.

根据对句式的分析，可以判断出It是形式主语,真正的主语由非谓语动词(动词不定式或动名词)来充当。依据表语的特性以及句式的特点,我们可以断定第1题应该填动词不定式，即tobe，第2题应该填动名词，即waiting。

六、考查作定语的非谓语动词的判断

非谓语动词作定语主要考查非谓语动词作后置定语的情况，这里关键要把握住非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动行为还是被动行为,以及非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间性，即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。一般来说，用现在分词一般式作定语往往表示动作是主动行为且正在进行当中，如果动作是被动行为且正在进行当中，就用现在分词一般式的被动语态;用过去分词作定语往往表示动作是被动行为且已经完成;用动词不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作，如果是被动行为，就用动词不定式一般式的被动语态。例如：

1.Theboy(cry)____overthereismyyoungerbrother.

依据cry与它的逻辑主语Theboy之间的主动关系和cry的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作定语修饰boy，因而正确答案为crying。

【精选试题】名校模拟题及其答案

1.Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecould_______agoodcollege.

A.enter。mB.toenter

C.entering。mD.entered

2Heranasfastashecould_____tocatchtheearlybus.

A.tohope。mB.hope

C.hoping。mD.hoped

3.Hespenteveryminutehecould_____spokenEnglish.

A.practise。mB.topractise

C.practising。mD.practised

4.Beforegoingabroadhedevotedallhecould_______hisoralEnglish.

A.improve。mB.toimprove

C.improvingD.toimproving

5.Heknowsnothingaboutit,sohecanthelp_______anyofyourwork.

A.doingB.todo

C.beingdoingD.tobedone

6.Allhertime_______experiments,shehasnotimeforfilms.

A.devotedtodoB.devotedtodoing

C.devotingtodoingD.isdevotedtodoing

7.Onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational,_____constantlywillbepartofyourlife.

A.youflyB.yourflight

C.flightD.flying

8.Notonlyshouldyougetused______underdifficultconditionsbutyoualsoyoupaymoreattention______yourworkwell.

A.towork,todoB.toworking,todoing

C.towork,todoingD.toworking,todo

9.Bothofmyparentsinsisted_______acomputerforme,butIdontthinkitisnecessary.

A.tobuyB.buying

C.onbuyingD.inbuying

10.Doyouhaveanythingmore______,sir?No.Youcanhavearestordosomethingelse.

A.typingB.tobetyped

C.typedD.totype

11.Idontknowwhetheryouhappen____it,butImgoingtostudyintheU.S.A.thisSeptember.

A.tobeheardB.tobehearingC.tohearD.tohaveheard

12._____andoutofbreath,wereachedthetopofthemountainandstopped_____thebeautifulscenery.

A.Tiring;toadmireB.Beingtired;admiring

C.Tired;toadmireD.Tired;admiring

13.Dontleavethewater____whileyoubrushyourteeth.

A.runB.runningC.beingrunD.torun

14.Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_____hishandintothepocketofapassenger.

A.putB.tobeputC.toputD.putting

15._____thediamond,hehadtolookforaplacetohideit.

A.HavingstolenB.HavingbeenstolenC.StolenD.Stealing

16.Toanswercorrectlyismoreimportantthan_____.

A.thatyoufinishquicklyB.finishingquicklyC.tofinishquicklyD.finishquickly

17.Youwillseethisproductmadeinthisfactory_____whereveryougo.

A.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising

18.Themonumentwasbuiltinhonoroftheexplorerwhowasbelieved_____theriver.

A.tohavediscoveredB.tohavebeendiscovered

C.todiscoverD.havingbeendiscovered

19.Haveyouconsidered_____yourjobasateacher?

Yes.Ilikethejobbecauseateacherisoftenconsidered_____agardener.

A.tochange;tobeB.tochange;beingC.changing;beingD.changing;tobe

20.Mr.Greenissaid_____anexperimenttoprovethenewmethodofsolvingtheproblemwhenyoung.

A.todoB.tohavedoneC.tobedoingD.tohavebeendoing

21.Seeingthesoldierswell_____fortheflood-fight,thegeneralnoddedwithsatisfaction.

A.prepareB.preparingC.preparedD.havingprepared

22.(山西省晋中市2009学年度高三年级第一次调研考试题，35)Iwalkedoutofthecinema,

Idnevercomebacktothishellofaplace.

A.determiningB.decidedC.todetermineD.todecide

23.(山东省日照市20高三模拟考试，26)Everytimehehadachance，hewouldtalkaboutthegreatdifficultyhehadinthenewcountry.

A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.settle

24.(山东省济宁市20082009学年度高三第一阶段质量检测，32)Therewasasuddenburstoflightaterriblenoise.

A.followingB.tofollowC.followedD.followedby

25.(福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷，30)inaredskirtintheopeningceremonyofthe2008OlympicGames,thelittlegirlLinMiaokewontheheartsofthepeopleallovertheworld.

A.DressedB.WornC.DressingD.Wearing

26.(福建福州八中2009年元月高三调研考试试卷，34)Theproblemsatthemeetingtomorrowarereallyhardtosolve.

A.discussedB.todiscussC.tobediscussedD.discussing

27.(唐山市2008-2009学年度高一第一次教学质量检测，20)

Whenwhyhebehavedthatwayattable，hemadenoreply.

A.beingaskedB.askedC.askingD.toask

28.(唐山市2008-2009学年度高一第一次教学质量检测，23)，Momhadacupofcoffeeandafewminutesrest.

A.WithherhouseworkdoneB.Withherhouseworkbeingdone

C.WithherhouseworkdoingD.Withherhouseworktodo

29.(湖南省衡阳市八中2009年上期高二第一次月考试卷，31)Themanagerintroducedtherulesthatshewouldliketosee_______thenextyear.

A.establishB.establishingC.establishedD.toestablish

30.(重庆市一中08-09学年高二上学期期末，22)_____inthoughtcompletely,hedidntevenknowwhatwasgoingon.

A.LosingB.LostC.HavinglostD.Havingbeenlost

【答案与解析解析】

1.

【解析】其实正确答案应是B此句为省略句，即在could后省略了动词do，若把句子补完整应为Everyoneinourclasswasworkinghardanddoingwhatwecoulddotoenteragoodcollege。即句中的不定式短语(toenteragoodcollege)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。

2

【解析】此题的答案是C不是A，其中的现在分词短语hopingtocatchtheearlybus用作伴随状语。

3.

【解析】此题答案选C，这与前面动词spent的搭配有关，即spend(in)doingsth。若将此句补充完整，即为HespenteveryminutehecouldspendinpractisingspokenEnglish.

4.

【解析】此题答案选D，注意两点：一是devoteto是固定搭配，意为把贡献给二是其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。

5.

【解析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：

canthelptodosth=不能帮助做某事

canthelpdoingsth=禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事

6.

【解析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：

(1)devote意为致力于，献身于，主要用devoteto或bedevotedto，其中的to是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。

(2)选A错误：若将do改为doing则可以。

(3)选B正确：allhertimedevotedtodoingexperiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。

(4)选C错误：因为allhertime与devote为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。

(5)选D错误：若单独看Allhertimeisdevotedtodoingexperiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is改为being也可选它。

7.

【解析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词constantly的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词fly。但若选A，youfly是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语willbe相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。

8.

【解析】正确答案为B，因为getusedto与payattentionto这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各结构中的to也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形

9.

【解析】答案应选C。其实，动词insist后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist通常用作不及物动词;若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词on或upon，即用于insiston[upon](doing)sth;但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是that从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。

10.

【解析】最佳答案是B。确实，在have+宾语+不定式结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如Ihavesomeclothestowash等，即尽管其中的someclothes与其后的不定式towash具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如Ihavesomeclothestowash中的towash就是由该句主语I来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的totype这一动作不是由句子主语you来完成的，而是由说话者我来完成的。

11.

【解析】happentohavedonesth为不定式的完成时,表示一个已经完成了的动作,强调对于现在的影响.

【答案】D

12.

【解析】tiredandoutofbreath为形容词和介词短语在句中作状语。stoptodosth.停下来去做另外一件事

【答案】C

13.

【解析】非谓语动词作宾语补足语时,选项A、D表示将来可能发生的动作;B表示宾语持续性动作,根据句意选B,表示水不停地流出。

【答案】B

14.

【解析】catchsbdoingsth表示发觉或当场捉住sb在做一件事情。

【答案】D

15.

【解析】从动作发生的时间来看，应是先偷钻石，再找地方藏匿，故用-ing形式的完成式。

【答案】A

16.

【解析】题意为正确做出答案要比快速完成更重要。两个非谓语动词短语在形式上应保持一致。

【答案】C

17.

【解析】advertise意为为登广告。madeinthisfactory作定语修饰product;advertised作宾语补足语。

【答案】B

18.

【解析】用不定式的完成式表示动作发生在(定语)从句谓语动作之前。

【答案】A

19.

【解析】consider作考虑解时，后常接-ing形式(短语)作宾语;作认为解时，后常接含有名词、形容词或tobe的复合结构。

【答案】D

20.

【解析】由whenyoung可知此处应该用不定式的完成式，表示此动作发生在谓语动作之前。

【答案】B

21.

【解析】由固定短语be(well)preparedfor可知此处应用过去分词作宾补。

【答案】C

22.

【解析】determining与主语I是主谓关系，逗号后面不是一个并列句，因此排除选项B。不定式一般表示将来，不符合题意。

【答案】A

23.

【解析】havedifficulty(in)doingsth为固定搭配，因此选B。

【答案】B

24.

【解析】根据常识，先看见闪电，后听见雷声，因此要用过去分词，由by引出宾语。

【答案】D

25.

【解析】Dressedin+衣服，固定搭配，表示处于一种状态。

【答案】A

26.

【解析】Theproblems与discuss之间是被动的关系，应用被动语态;tomorrow这个时间状语决定应该是将来的事情，不定式可以表示将来，因此选C。

【答案】C

27.

【解析】句意：当他被问到在餐桌旁为什么那样表现时，他没有做出回答。根据题意，应选过去分词，此处为省略句，相当于whenhewasasked......。

【答案】B

28.

【解析】housework和do是动宾关系，过去分词done表示被动和完成，符合题意。意思是做完家务后，妈妈喝了一杯咖啡，然后休息了一会儿。

【答案】A

29.

【解析】seesthdone固定搭配，establish与rules之间是动宾关系。句子的意思是：经理介绍了一些她希望明年生效的规定。

【答案】C

30.

【解析】句意强调主语沉思，而不知道下一步将要做什么事情。由主语he，我们可知应用主动语态，排除选项D;Havinglost表示动作发生在主语动作之前，不和题意，排除C;过去分词作形容词，可以表示主语所处的一种状态，符合题意。

【答案】B

篇8：高三非谓语动词复习教案学案一体化

江苏地区石庄高级中学2006届高三非谓语动词复习教案学案一体化

2006届高三非谓语动词复习（教师版）

一、概述

1、基本形式的变化：

不定式：

时态 主动态 被动态

一般式 to do to be done

进行式 to be doing

完成式 to have built to have been built

例1：John said that he had run in order to catch the bus. （一般式的主动态）

例2：He hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)

例3：He pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)

例4：He intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)

例5：This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)

V-ing形式：

时态 主动态 被 动 态

一般式 doing being done

完成式 having done having been done

不及物动词没有被动式

动名词

例1：I am sure of his coming in time. (一般式主动态) （= I am sure that he will come in time）

例2：He is proud of being selected as monitor. (一般式被动态) （= He is proud that he is selected as monitor.）

例3：I’m confident of his having passed the exam. (完成式主动态)

（= I am confident that he have passed the exam.）

例4：He complained of having been cheated by others. (完成式被动态)

现在分词

例1：He sat in a chair,reading a novel. (一般式主动态)

例2：Being exhausted by work, he fell asleep quickly. (一般式被动态)

例3：Having finished his homework, he went playing. (完成式主动态)

例4：All this having been settled, he went home. (完成式被动态)

2、所做成分

项目/成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语

动词的ing形式 现在分词 △ △ △ △

动名词 △ △ △ △

不定式 △ △ △ △ △ △

过去分词 △ △ △ △

二、基本知识

（一）动词不定式在句中充当的成分

(1)作主语。

例如：To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.

To make money is not the only purpose of our life.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的

在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

例如：It is important for us to learn English very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

(2)作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：

help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)

例如：He managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。

He promised to be here at nine.他答应9点钟到这儿。

I didn’t expect to see you here.我没有料到在这儿见到你。

在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

例如：He considered it better to leave now.他认为最好现在就离开。

I found it impossible to finish the work on time.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。

(3)作定语（常置于名词之后）。

由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语; 不定式还可用作名词

代词的的宾语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure,

intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something)

例如:She is always the first student to arrive at school.

He is always the last one to leave the office.他总是最后一个离开办公室。

I don’t think he is the best man to do the job.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

I have no desire to travel.

You’ll find something to interest you here.

注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。

例如：I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at.

I found no one to play with.

(4)作状语

例如：I walked slowly on the ice in order not to fall down.（不至于跌倒） (表目的)

They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. (表结果)

He tried only to fail. （结果没有成功）

She was happy to hear the news. (表原因)

不定式常用于修饰下列形容词:

able,afraid,angry, anxious, apt, careful, careless, certain, clever, considerate, delighted, difficult,eager, easy, fit, frightened , happy, interesting, likely, lucky, quick, ready, reluctant , right, sorry, surprised, sure, thoughtful, thoughtless, unable, unwilling, wrong etc.

例如：French is difficult to learn. 法语难学。

I’m sorry to interrupt you, but I have to.

(5)作独立副词成分。

例如：To speak frankly, I don’t like your attitude.

(6)与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

例如：When to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还没有定。

The problem is how to get there on time.问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。

注：在有些动词后常用疑问词 + 动词不定式的结构。这类动词有：know, ask, tell, show, wonder,

consider, understand, learn, instruct, guess, see, explain, discover, imagine, think, hear 等。

例如：He didn’t know what to do next.

I haven’t decided whether to go to Japan.我没有决定是否到日本去。

▲不定式的复合结构

由for + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。

例如：It is necessary for you to finish the work before Friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。

His idea is for us to travel in different cars.他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

由of 引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：bold, brave, careless, civil, clever,

courageous, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, rash, right, rude, stupid, silly, thoughtful, thoughtless,

wrong, wise等。

例如：It’s kind of you to say so.

It’s brave of you to go into the burning building to save the baby!你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿

▲不带to 的动词不定式

(1)在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等。

例如：The teacher often makes me rewrite the composition.老师常常让我把作文重写。

将该句转换成被动语态：I am often made by the teacher to rewrite the composition.

I heard her say that she was fed up.

(2)在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but, do nothing but等。

例如：I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.

They can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的建议。

(3)在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but 后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to 的动词不定式。

例如：We have no choice but to wait.我们除了等待别无选择（我们只好等待）。

There is no choice but to go there.

There is nothing to do but to (to 可省略) read a book.

(4) 在why, why not结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to

例如：Why argue with him?

Why not send those books back?为什么不把那些书送回去？

（二）动名词在句中充当的成分

(1)作主语

例如：Asking for help is sometimes necessary. 请求帮助有时是必要的。

Eating too much is not good for your health.吃得太多对你的健康不利。

Teaching offers something besides money and power.

(2)作补语、表语例如：

Seeing is believing.

We call such an act cheating.我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。

(3)作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语

mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't help，be/get used to等；短语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等

例如：The mother did agree to let the boy risk swimming across the river.冒险游过河

His wife doesn't allow smoking inside the room but allows him to smoke outside the room.

他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。

All of them insisted on my staying with them a few days longer.

他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。

I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Being ill for a few days,she doesn't feel like eating anything.不想吃任何东西

另在want, need, require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系）。

例如：My hair needs cutting. (= My hair needs to be cut.)

(5) 作定语。它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。

例如：The factory built a swimming pool last year.游泳池

Our teacher uses a very good teaching method.教学方法

(6) 作同位语。例如：His hobby, making model airplanes, is very interesting.

▲动名词的复合结构

动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成， 在句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

Do you mind my closing the door? Do you mind me closing the door?

My closing the door made him angry.

I can’t stand Lao Chang’s talking like that about other comrades.

▲动名词的某些固定结构

(1) It is + no use, no good(fun,a great pleasure, a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.

It is no use crying.哭没有用。

It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。

It is a waste of time trying to explain．设法解释是浪费时间。

(2)It is + useless+doing sth．

It is useless speaking.光说没用。

(3)There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。

例如：There is no knowing how old she is.(= I t is impossible to know how old she is.)

There is no telling where she’s gone.(= It is impossible / difficult to know where she’s gone.)

(4)make a point of + doing “认为…是必要的”

例如：Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(= Our family make it a rule to go to church every Sunday.)

(5)be on the point of + doing “濒临，将要…”

例如：He was on the point of leaving.

(6)on (upon) + doing “一…就…”

例如：On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(= As soon as I heard the news, I changed my plans.)

(7)go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)

例如：He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.

(8)动名词短语常用在以下结构中

have difficulty (in) + doing sth have trouble (in) + doing sth

have fun (in) + doing sth/ have a good time (in) + doing sth/have a hard time (in) + doing sth

例如：We have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.我们解决这个问题有困难。

(9)feel like + 名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词

例如：Do you feel like going to a movie?你想看电影吗?

I don't feel like reading tonight．今晚我不想读书。

(三) 分词在句中充当的成分

(1)作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。

例如：The boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= The snow was boring, so the boys wee bored and went home.)

China is a developing socialist country.发展中的社会主义国家

The man writing the obituary (讣告) is my friend.

(= The man who is writing the obituary is my friend.)

The broken glass scattered on the ground.破杯

注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义；而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。

(2)作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。

例如：The story is boring.

I found him reading a novel. 在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)

I found him surrounded by a group of children.一群孩子包围着 (过去分词作宾语补足语)

(3)作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间, 原因, 条件, 结果, 伴随情况。

例如：Having read all the required papers, he answered the questions fluently. ---时间

Being short of money, I decided to apply for the work. ---原因

Seriously injured, Allen was rushed to the hospital. ----原因

If going there by plane, we’ll have to pay twice as much.-条件

Unless asked to answer questions, the pupils were not supposed to talk in Mrs Smith’s class.条件

The farmer used a new insecticide, thus raising the average yield by 15%. –结果

He sat in a rocking chair, watching TV. ---伴随

▲分词的特殊结构

独立主格

有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。

例如：That being the case, we’d better make some changes in the plan.

Weather permitting, we will go out. == if weather permits

The teacher having finished the lesson, the students left the classroom.

“with或without + 名词或代词 + 分词”的复合结构

常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：He fell asleep with the lamp burning.

某些固定结构

generally / frankly speaking …,judging from / by …中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。

例如：Judging by his dress, he comes from a wealthy family.从他的衣着判断

Frankly speaking, I don't like him at all.坦率地说

catch+宾语+doing

例如：I caught them stealing my apples．我抓住他们偷我的苹果。

If she catches me reading her diary，she'll be furious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的

注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning, considering, regarding, respecting等。

例如：Considering his age, he is tall.考虑了他的年龄

I have nothing to say concerning his speech.关于他的演讲

三、非谓语动词比较

1．做主语宾语：-般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。

Looking after children is her job.照看小孩

To clean the classroom is his job today.打扫教室

I like swimming, but I don't like to swim today because I don't feel well.

注意（1）：begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。

When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.

After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.

(2).有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意：

A．remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=having done)，接不定式，表示将来意义：

Please remember to bring me the book I want next time.

I remember seeing her (=having seen her) somewhere before.

Don't forget to write to me soon.

I never forget visiting (=having visited) them for the first time.

I regret missing that good film last week.(后悔干……事)

I regret not taking (not having taken) your advice.

I regret to say I can't take your advice. (遗憾=be sorry)

B．mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……；mean doing：意味着，就是

I am sorry, I didn't mean to hurt your feelings，

I meant to call on you, but I was so busy.

Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just working in class.

C．stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事，不定式作目的状语；stop doing停止干……，

动名词作宾语。

After some time, they stopped walking and had a rest.

After walking some time, they stopped to have a rest.

D．try：try to do，努力，试图干……事；try doing：试着干……事

He searched everywhere and tried to find his key.

He came to the city from the countryside and tried to find a job.

The mother is out and the boy had to try cooking for himself.

They tried to succeed and tried doing their experiments again and again.

E．want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。

The bike requires repairing.

These young trees require looking after.

The matter needs thinking over.(=to be thought over)

A Mr. Wang wants to see you.

You don't need to leave so early.

F．go on：go on to do继续干和原来不同的另一件事，不定式作目的状语。

go on doing继续干原来同一件事，动名词作宾语。

After a smoke，he went on telling us that interesting story.

After writing the composition he went on to work out his maths problems.

G．动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。

Doctors advise giving up smoking to benefit one's health. 放弃

The doctor advised him to give up smoking so as to improve his health. 放弃

She doesn't allow (permit) smoking in her room.抽烟

H. consider to have done/consider doing(consider…to be)

I. be used to doing/be used to do

J.can’t help doing/to do

2.做宾补：

不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。

When I came in, I saw her dancing happily.

I often hear her sing songs in English in her room.

They had the lights burning all night long.

I saw Li Ping pass by and enter the next room just now.

The mother will have the doctor examine her son again.

Tomorrow I'll have my hair cut.

When I got home I found the window broken and the thief gone away already.

When they returned to their hometown, after an absence of twenty years, they found everything changed.

3.做表语：

不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。

Her job is cleaning offices.(What is her job?) (=Cleaning offices is her job.)

Our job today is to clean the office.(=To clean the office is our job today.)

The news is very exciting.(How is the news?)

They are very tired after a long walk.

The door is locked now.

The children are well dressed these days.

4.做定语：

不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先行词内容等关系。在时态上常是将来意义，现在分词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义；过去分词做定语则是完成时态意义。此外，不定式做定语时只能后置，不可前置，而单个分词做定语可前置，分词短语做定语则须后置。动名词做定语，须前置，且要重读，它表明先行词的用途。而分词做定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态。

a swimming boy=a boy who is swimming a swimming pool=a pool for swimming

the boiling water=the water that is boiling drinking water=water for drinking

Today I have a letter to write. Please find a man to help us.

It is a good chance to practice your spoken English.练习你的口语

I like reading books written by Lu Xun.

The woman standing over there is our English teacher.站在那边的

The house to be built (=which will be built/which is to be built) next year will be our new library.

The house being built (=which is being built) now will be our new library.

The house built (=which was built) last year is our new library now.

5.做状语：

不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工。动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末；分词

可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。分词用于go doing结构中作目的状语。

(1).目的状语：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客观性和将来性特征。不定式前还可加上in order，so as来加强说话的口气。但so as to通常不用于句首。

The Smiths have gone to London to spend their holidays.

I came here (in order/so as) to hear the report.

In order to(不用so as to) see better, we took front seats.

(2)．时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。分词前有时加上时间连词。

Arriving (=When he arrived) at the bus stop, he found his sister there.

Waiting (=When I was waiting) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.

Having (=When we have) made full preparations, we are ready for an examination.

Having (=When he had) finished his homework, he went to bed.

After finishing his homework, he went to bed.

Seen (=When the town is seen) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.

Locked (=When he was looked) up in the room, he found himself isolated from the outer world.

When asked to make a speech, he said he was glad to do so.当请他作演讲时

Once recovered, he will go all out to do his work.一旦康复

(3)．原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy, sorry, fortunate, angry, glad, ashamed, discouraged, delighted, frightened, shocked等。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。

I am sorry to hear that you are not well.

I'm very sorry to have kept you waiting so long.让你久等了

We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.

Being (=Since he was) ill all last year, he lived in a sanatorium.

There being no enough money, he couldn't buy the dictionary that he wanted. 由于没有钱

Having (=Since they had) been asked to stay, they couldn't possibly leave right away.

Moved (=As he was moved) by the heroic deeds of the PLA man, he burst into tears.

(4)．条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句。一般位于句首。

Turning (=If you turn) to the left，you will see the post office.

United (=If we are united), we stand; divided (=if we are divided), we fall.

Given (=If he had been given) more time, he would be able to do better.

(5)．结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough to和only to等结构。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。

He arrived late to find the train gone.

I worked late into the night, only to find I had not finished half of the job.

He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his neighbors.

His is such a sad story as to arouse out sympathy.

I ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath.

The man died young, leaving nothing but debt.

(6)．让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。

Though wounded, the soldier managed to get to the village safely.

Though warned of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.

(7)．伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。

Chinese businessmen, taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.

She came running towards us.

They walked along the streets, talking and laughing.

He went into the house, followed by some children.

He continued to walk up and down, lost in thought.

四、关于there be 的非谓语形式

there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语

1)作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：

We don't want there to be any comrades lagging behind.我们不希望有任何同志掉队。

They hate there to be long queues everywhere..他们不愿意处处都要排长队。

We have no objection to there being a meeting here．我们并不反对在这里开会。

2)作状语多用there being结构，但若置于介词for之后要用there to be

There being nobody else at hand,I had to do by myself．由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)

It’s too early for there to be anybody up．太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)

There having been no rain for a long time，the ground was very dry．

因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)

3)作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用there to be.

It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young．

老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

There being a kindergarten on campus is a great convenience to female teachers．

校园内有儿园对女教师十分方便。

2006届高三非谓语动词复习（学生版）

一、概述

2、基本形式的变化：

不定式：

时态 主动态 被动态

一般式

进行式

完成式

例1：John said that he had run in order to catch the bus.

例2：He hated to be misunderstood by others.

例3：He pretended to be listening attentively.

例4：He intended to have told you that.

例5：This work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago.

V-ing形式：

时态 主动态 被 动 态

一般式

完成式

不及物动词没有被动式

动名词

例1：I am sure of his coming in time. （= ____________________）

例2：He is proud of being selected as monitor. （= ________________）

例3：I’m confident of his having passed the exam. （= ______________________）

例4：He complained of having been cheated by others.

现在分词

例1：He sat in a chair,___________(read) a novel.

例2：________(exhaust)by work, he fell asleep quickly.

例3：________(finish)his homework, he went playing

例4：All this _______ (settle),he went home.

2、所做成分

项目/成分 主语 表语 宾语 宾补 定语 状语

动词的ing形式 现在分词

动名词

不定式

过去分词

二、基本知识

（一）动词不定式在句中充当的成分

(1)作主语。

例如：To see once is better than to hear a hundred times.

______________ 赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的

在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。

例如： 对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。

(2)作动词的宾语，常用在以下动词后：

help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem)

例如： 他成功地通过了考试。

他答应9点钟到这儿。

我没有料到在这儿见到你。

在某些复合宾语中，常it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。

例如： 他认为最好现在就离开。

我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。

(3)作定语（常置于名词之后）。

由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语; 不定式还可用作名词代词的的宾语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something)

例如:She is always the first student to arrive at school.

他总是最后一个离开办公室。

我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。

I have no desire to travel.

You’ll find something to interest you here.

注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。

例如：I haven’t decided which hotel to stay at. I found no one to play with.

(4)作状语

例如：I walked slowly on the ice in order .（不至于跌倒） (表目的)

They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. (表结果)

He tried .结果没有成功

She was happy to hear the news. (表原因)

不定式常用于修饰下列形容词:

able, afraid, angry, anxious, apt, careful, careless, certain, clever, considerate, delighted, difficult, eager, easy, fit, frightened , happy, interesting, likely, lucky, quick, ready, reluctant , right, sorry, surprised, sure, thoughtful, thoughtless, unable, unwilling, wrong etc.

例如： 法语难学。

I’m sorry to interrupt you, but I have to.

(5)作独立副词成分。

例如：To speak frankly, I don’t like your attitude.

(6)与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

例如： 什么时候出发还没有定。

问题是怎样才能及时到达哪儿。

注：在有些动词后常用疑问词 + 动词不定式的结构。这类动词有：know, ask, tell, show, wonder,consider, understand, learn, guess, see, explain, discover, imagine, think, hear 等。

例如：He didn’t know what to do next.

我没有决定是否到日本去。

▲不定式的复合结构

由for + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。

例如： 你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。

他的主意是让我们乘不同的车去旅游。

由of 引出的不定式复合结构，常与以下形容词连用：bold, brave, careless, civil, clever,foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, rash, right, rude, stupid, silly, thoughtful, thoughtless, wrong, wise等。

例如：It’s kind of you to say so.

to go into the burning building to save the baby!

你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿

▲不带to 的动词不定式

(1)在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel,smell,

hear, watch等。

例如： 老师常常让我把作文重写。

将该句转换成被动语态：_________________________________________

(2)在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but, do nothing but等。

例如：I’d better go now, or I’ll miss the train.

我只好接受他的建议。

(3)在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but 后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反

之则接带to 的动词不定式。

例如： 我们除了等待别无选择（我们只好等待）。

There is no choice but to go there.

There is nothing to do but to (to 可省略) read a book.

(4) 在why, why not结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to

例如：Why argue with him?

为什么不把那些书送回去？

（二）动名词在句中充当的成分

(1)作主语

例如： 请求帮助有时是必要的。

吃得太多对你的健康不利。

(2)作补语、表语例如：

Seeing is believing.

我们称这样的行为为作弊/欺骗行为。

(3)作以下及物动词及词组的的宾语

mind，finish，enjoy，suggest，permit，appreciate，consider，miss，dislike，keep(on)，avoid，permit，imagine，risk，escape，admit，stand(忍受)，allow，forbid，excuse，等等。短语动词：give up，put off，look forward to，feel like，insist on，object to，prevent…from，set about，can't help，be/get used to等;语：be worth doing，be no good doing，be no use doing，be busy doing等

例如：The mother did agree to let the boy_______________________________.冒险游过河

His wife _____________________inside the room but ______________outside the room.

他的妻子不允许在室内抽烟，但是允许他在室外抽。

All of them ___________________________ them a few days longer.

他们所有的人都坚持要我再跟他们多呆几天时间。

I'm looking forward to hearing from you soon.

Being ill for a few days,she doesn't _________________________.不想吃任何东西

另在want, need, require等动词后，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动的意思（主语与动名词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系）。

例如：My hair needs cutting. (= _______________________.)

(5) 作定语。它与被修饰词之间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，通常只表示用途或与所修饰的名词有关的动作。

例如：The factory built _______________ last year.游泳池

Our teacher uses a very good _______________.教学方法

(6) 作同位语。例如：His hobby, making model airplanes, is very interesting.

▲动名词的复合结构

动名词的复合结构由物主代词或名词所有格 + 动名词构成。如果不是在句子开头，这种结构常可以由名词的普通格或人称代词宾格 +动名词构成， 在句中可作主语、宾语等。

例如：Do you mind my closing the door? Do you mind me closing the door?

My closing the door made him angry.

I can’t stand Lao Chang’s talking like that about other comrades.

▲动名词的某些固定结构

(1) It is+no use,no good(fun,a great pleasure,a waste of time,a bore...)等名词+doing sth.

____________________.哭没有用。

It is no good objecting.________

_______________________________________设法解释是浪费时间。

(2)It is+useless+doing sth．

It is useless speaking.____________

(3)There is no + v-ing “…是不可能的”。

例如：There is no knowing how old she is.(= _______________________________________.)

There is no telling where she’s gone.(= __________________________________________.)

(4)make a point of + doing “认为…是必要的”

例如：Our family make a point of going to church every Sunday.(=__________________________)

(5)be on the point of + doing “濒临，将要…”

例如：He was on the point of leaving.

(6)on (upon) + doing “一…就…”

例如：On hearing the news, I changed my plans.(= _______________________________________)

(7)go + doing (大部分指运动和游戏)

例如：He went shopping / hiking / swimming / fishing etc.

(8)动名词短语常用在以下结构中

have difficulty (in) + doing sth, have trouble (in) + doing sth ,have fun (in) + doing sth have a good time (in) + doing sth,have a hard time (in) + doing sth

例如：_________________________________________________.我们解决这个问题有困难。

(9)feel like+名词“想要”=would like to +原形动词

例如：__________________________________你想看电影吗?

__________________________________今晚我不想读书。

(三) 分词在句中充当的成分

(1)作定语。作定语的分词如果是单个分词，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语则放在所修饰的名词后面。在用作定语时，分词在意思上接近一个定语从句。

例如：The boring snow made the bored boys go home. (= _______________________________)

China is ______________________________发展中的社会主义国家

The man writing the obituary (讣告) is my friend.(= _____________________________)

The ______ glass scattered on the ground.破杯

注：现在分词与过去分词都可作定语，但现在分词表达的是正在进行的事情，有主动意义；而过去分词表示的是已完成的事情，有被动意义。

(2)作表语、宾语补足语。能带分词作宾补的动词常见的有see, hear, keep, find, notice, watch, think, want, smell, observe等。

例如：The story is boring.

I found him _______________. 在读小说(现在分词作宾语补足语)

I found him __________________________.被一群孩子包围着 (过去分词作宾语补足语)

(3)作状语。分词作状语可以表示时间, 原因, 条件, 结果, 伴随情况。

例如：_____________(read)all the required papers, he answered the questions fluently. ---时间

_________(be) short of money, I decided to apply for the work. ---原因

Seriously _______(injure)Allen was rushed to the hospital. ----原因

If ________(go)there by plane, we’ll have to pay twice as much.-条件

Unless ____(ask)to answer questions, the pupils were not supposed to talk in Mrs.Smith’s class.条件

The farmer used a new insecticide, thus _______(raise)the average yield by 15%. –结果

He sat in a rocking chair, ________(watch)TV. ---伴随

▲分词的特殊结构

独立主格

有时分词的逻辑主语与主句主语不一致，这时分词须带上自身的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。这种结构在句中多作伴随状语。亦可用来表示时间、原因、条件等。

例如：That______(be) the case, we’d better make some changes in the plan.

Weather __________(permit),we will go out. == if weather permits

The teacher _______________(finish) the lesson, the students left the classroom.

“with或without + 名词或代词 + 分词”的复合结构

常用作补充说明或表示伴随情况。例如：He fell asleep with the lamp burning.

某些固定结构

generally / frankly speaking …,judging from / by …中，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致，这种结构只限于为数很少的几个动词。

例如：Judging by his dress, he comes from a wealthy family.从他的衣着判断

_____________,I don't like him at all.坦率地说

catch+宾语+doing

例如：________________________________我抓住他们偷我的苹果。

_________________________________，she'll be furious.

如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的

注：有些现在分词可以作介词用：如concerning, considering, regarding, respecting等。

例如：___________________, he is tall.考虑了他的年龄

I have nothing to say _____________________.关于他的演讲

三、非谓语动词比较

1．做主语宾语：-般来说，不定式和动名词成份相同时，表示客观性、一般性行为多用动名词表示，而表示一次性、具体性行为则多用不定式。

______________________ is her job.照看小孩

______________________ is his job today.打扫教室

I like ________, but I don't like _______ today because I don't feel well.游泳

注意

（1）.begin和start本身为进行时，或后面动词为心理变化意义的动词时，须接不定式。

When we came in, they were beginning to have supper.

After his explanation, I began to understand it / realize that I was wrong.

(2).有些词后面既可以接不定式．亦可接动名词，但其意义有很大区别，须特别注意：

A．remember，forget，regret接动名词，表示完成意义(=having done)，接不定式，表示将来意义：

Please remember ________(bring)me the book I want next time.

I remember ______(see) her (=having seen her) somewhere before.

Don't forget ________(write)to me soon.

I never forget ________(visit) (=having visited) them for the first time.

I regret _______(miss) that good film last week.(后悔干……事)

I regret not ______(take) (not having taken) your advice.

I regret ______(say) I can't take your advice. (遗憾=be sorry)

B．mean：mean to do=want to do打算，想要……；mean doing：意味着，就是

I am sorry, I didn't mean _______(hurt)your feelings，

I meant _______(call) on you, but I was so busy.

Learning a foreign language doesn't mean just _______(work) in class.

C．stop：stop to do停下来，要干另一件事，不定式作目的状语；stop doing停止干……，动

名词作宾语。

After some time, they stopped _______(work)and had a rest.

After walking some time, they stopped ________(have)a rest.

D．try：try to do，努力，试图干……事；try doing：试着干……事

He searched everywhere and tried _______(find) his key.

He came to the city from the countryside and tried________(find) a job.

The mother is out and the boy had to try _______(cook) for himself.

They tried to succeed and tried ______(do) their experiments again and again.

E．want，need，require接动名词表示被动意义，主语与动名词之间为动宾关系。

The bike requires _________(repair).

These young trees require _____________(look after).

The matter needs ________(think)over.(=to be thought over)

A Mr. Wang wants _______(see) you.

You don't need ________(leave)so early.

F．go on：go on to do继续干和原来不同的另一件事，不定式作目的状语。

go on doing继续干原来同一件事，动名词作宾语。

After a smoke，he went on _______(tell)us that interesting story.

After writing the composition he went on _______(work)out his maths problems.

G．动词advise，allow，permit，forbid后面接单宾语时用动名词，接复合宾语时用动词不定式。

Doctors advise _________ smoking to benefit one's health. 放弃

The doctor advised him _________ smoking so as to improve his health. 放弃

She doesn't allow (permit) _______ in her room.抽烟

H. consider to have done/consider doing(consider…to be)

I. be used to doing/be used to do

J.can’t help doing/to do

2.做宾补：

不定式可以表示一次性、具体性行为，以及将来意义的行为。现在分词可以表示当时正在发生的进行意义的行为，亦可表示-个持续时间的延续性的行为动作。过去分词可以表示完成意义的行为或状态，及物动词的过去分词亦有被动意义，不及物动词的过去分词仍是主动意义。

When I came in, I saw her _______(dance)happily.

I often hear her _____(sing) songs in English in her room.

They had the lights _______(burn) all night long.

I saw Li Ping ____(pass) by and enter the next room just now.

The mother will have the doctor _______(examine)her son again.

Tomorrow I'll have my hair ____(cut)

When I got home I found the window ______(break)and the thief ____(go) away already.

When they returned to their hometown, after an absence of twenty years, they found everything

________(change)

3.做表语：

不定式和动名词做表语解释主语内容，且可以和主语颠倒，意思仍然通顺，回答what的问题。它们有时存在经常性和一次性行为的区别，分词做表语表明主语的性质、特征和状态，不能和主语颠倒，可以回答how的问题。

Her job is cleaning offices.(What is her job?) (=___________________________)

Our job today is to clean the office.(=____________________________________)

The news is very exciting.(How is the news?)

They are very tired after a long walk.

The door is locked now.

The children are well dressed these days.

4.做定语：

不定式做定语与先行词有动宾、主谓和解释先行词内容等关系。在时态上常是将来意义，现在分

词做定语是现在时或进行时态意义；过去分词做定语则是完成时态意义。此外，不定式做定语时只能后

置，不可前置，而单个分词做定语可前置，分词短语做定语则须后置。动名词做定语，须前置，且要重

读，它表明先行词的用途。而分词做定语表明先行词的性质、特征和状态。

a swimming boy=_____________________ a swimming pool=_____________________

the boiling water=the water that is boiling drinking water=water for drinking

Today I have a letter to write.

Please find a man to help us.

It is a good chance _______________________________.练习你的口语

I like reading books written by Lu Xun.

The woman ___________________ is our English teacher.站在那边的

The house to be built (=_______________________________) next year will be our new library.

The house being built (=____________________) now will be our new library.

The house built (=_______________) last year is our new library now.

5.做状语：

不定式和分词做状语各有不同分工。动词不定式多做目的、结果和原因状语，且多放在句末；分词

可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式状语，多置于句首，做伴随状语，多放在后面。分词用于go doing

结构中作目的状语。

(1).目的状语：通常有不定式表示，由于不定式的客观性和将来性特征。不定式前还可加上in order，so as来加强说话的口气。但so as to通常不用于句首。

The Smiths have gone to London to spend their holidays.

I came here (in order/so as) to hear the report.

In order to(不用so as to) see better, we took front seats.

(2)．时间状语：分词作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。现在分词作时间状语一般位于句首，表示的动作和谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时现在分词前可以加上时间连词。如果分词动作发生在谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成体形式。过去分词作时间状语与谓语动词构成同时性和被动意义。分词前有时加上时间连词。

Arriving (=_______________) at the bus stop, he found his sister there.

Waiting (=__________________) to see the doctor, I met with a friend of mine.

Having (=____________) made full preparations, we are ready for an examination.

Having (=___________) finished his homework, he went to bed.

After finishing his homework, he went to bed.

Seen (=_____________________) from the hill, the town looks more beautiful.

Locked (=__________________) up in the room, he found himself isolated from the outer world.

___________________________, he said he was glad to do so.当请他作演讲时

______________, he will go all out to do his work.一旦康复

(3)．原因状语：不定式作原因状语往往用于形容词之后,这些形容词通常是happy, sorry, fortunate, angry, glad, ashamed, discouraged, delighted, frightened, shocked等。分词作原因状语相当于原因状语从句。一般位于句首。

I am sorry to hear that you are not well.

I'm very sorry ________________________________让你久等了

We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide.

Being (=____________) ill all last year, he lived in a sanatorium.

__________________________, he couldn't buy the dictionary that he wanted. 由于没有钱

Having (=______________) been asked to stay, they couldn't possibly leave right away.

Moved (=_______________) by the heroic deeds of the PLA man, he burst into tears.

(4)．条件状语：通常用分词来表示，相当于条件状语从句。一般位于句首。

Turning (=__________) to the left，you will see the post office.

United (=________________), we stand; divided (=if we are divided), we fall.

Given (=___________________n) more time, he would be able to do better.

(5)．结果状语从句：不定式作结果状语通常用于so+形容词或副词+as to，such+名词+as to，too…to，enough to和only to等结构。现在分词作结果状语表示谓语动词的结果。

He arrived late ______________________发现火车开走了

I worked late into the night,_________________________________结果发现我只做完了一半

He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his neighbors.

I ran faster than ever, reaching the schoolyard quite out of breath.

The man died young, ________________________除了债务什么也没有留下。

(6)．让步状语：通常由过去分词来表示，而且前面通常有表示让步意义的though。

______________, the soldier managed to get to the village safely.尽管受伤

___________________________, he still went skating on the thin ice.尽管警告他有危险

(7)．伴随或方式状语：分词作伴随状语通常位于句尾，表示谓语动词正在所处主动或被动的状态。

She ____________ towards us.跑过来

They walked along the streets, ____________________有说有笑

He went into the house, _________________身后跟着几个孩子

He continued to walk up and down, _______________陷入沉思

四、关于there be 的非谓语形式

there be非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语

1)作动词宾语时，通常用there to be结构，而不用there being。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：

_____________________________________________________，我们不希望有任何同志掉队。

They hate there to be long queues everywhere.______________

We have no objection to___________________________我们并不反对在这里开会。

2)作状语多用there being结构，但若置于介词for之后要用there to be

_______________________________,I had to do by myself．由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)

It’s too early__________________________太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)

_________________________________________，the ground was very dry．

因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)

3)作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用there to be.

It is not uncommon for there to be problems of communication between old and young．

老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。

_________________________on campus is a great convenience to female teachers．

校园内有儿园对女教师十分方便。

篇9：非谓语动词练习(人教版高考复习英语下册教学论文)

非谓语动词练习

( )1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.

A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest

( )2. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?

A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying

( )3. You’d better ______ your bike _____ at once. It is Monday tomorrow, you know.

A. to have, mend B. have, mended C. have, to mend D. to have, mended

( )4. --- Look! The lights in the classroom are still on.

--- Oh, I forgot _______.

A. turning them off B. turn them off C. to turn them off D. having turned them off

( )5. “Can’t you read?” the officer said _______ to the notice.

A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. point angrily

( )6. The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.

A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened

( )7. The policeman warned the young man _______ after drinking.

A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive

( )8. --- What’s the language _______ in New Zealand?

--- English.

A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak

( )9. He didn’t feel like _______ out for a walk, because he had caught a cold.

A. to go B. goes C. gone D. going

( )10. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.

A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

( )11. The house is not big enough for us all _______.

A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in

( )12. A clock is made for _______ us the time.

A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. tells

( )13. You’d better _______ at home all the time. It’s bad for your health.

A. don’t stay B. no to stay C. not stay D. not staying

( )14. The students are busy _______ ready for the exam now.

A. getting B. get C. got D. to get

( )15. The mother asked the boy _______ down the ladder, but he went on _______ instead.

A. come; climbing B. to come; to climb C. to come; climbing D. coming; climbing

( )16. Is there any time _______ to the museum?

A. going B. to go C. goes D. gone

( )17. The teacher asked the students to close the windows _______ the wind from _______ the papers away.

A. to stop; blowing B. stopping; blowing C. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow

( )18. A bird was seen _______ into the classroom yesterday.

A. flew B. to fly C. fly D. was flying

( )19. We should do as much as we can _______ water.

A. for saving B. to save C. save D. saved

( )20. There are many people _______ to buy cars in the modern world.

A. want B. wanted C. wanting D. to want

( )21. --- I’m too busy _______ to my family.

--- Why not call them instead?

A. writing B. to write C. written D. write

( )22. The little boy woke up his father, _______ “Happy Birthday!”

A. call B. to call C. called D. calling

( )23. The car _______ in Germany in the 1960s looks old now.

A. produced B. producing C. to produce D. which produced

( )24. --- What are on show in the museum?

--- Some pictures _______ by the Africans.

A. drawing B. drawn C. drew D. were drawn

( )25. The sick man stayed in bed, _______ very terrible.

A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling

( )26. --- The boy was seen _______ his bike a moment ago.

--- I am sorry to hear that.

A. fell off B. to fall off C. fall off D. to fall down

( )27. There’re so many beautiful presents in the shop that I don’t know _______.

A. to choose which one B. what choose C. which one to choose D. to choose what

( )28. --- How bad! They still have no ideas how _______ the problem.

--- Let’s go to help them.

A. solving B. solved C. to solve D. solves

( )29. What is the best way do you think ______ the wild animals?

A. protecting B. to protecting C. protected D. to protect

( )30. --- You’d better have your sports jacket _____. It’s too dirty.

--- Thanks. I will.

A. to wash B. washed C. washing D. wash

( )31. --- The little boy was made _______ English for another hour.

--- Poor boy!

A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read

( )32. I think it kind _______.

A. of him to help me B. for him to help C. that he help me D. of him helping me

( )33. It’s too hot today. Why not _______ your coat?

A. take on B. to take off C. take off D. taking off

( )34. Boys, don’t forget _____ the windows before you leave the classroom.

A. closing B. closed C. to closing D. to close

( )35. He made it _______ for people ______ the computers by inventing new software.

A. easy, use B. easy, using C. easily, to use D. easier, to use

( )36. All of the plans are very good. I really don’t know _______.

A. which to talk B. which to talk about

C. to talk about which D. I asked you for help

( )37. Would you please _______ any noise? The baby has just fallen asleep.

A. make B. to make C. not to make D. not make

( )38. --- Would you please try _______ late again?

--- Sorry, I won’t be late again.

A. not to be B. to be not C. not be D. be

( )39. The words _______ with “L” aren’t easily forgotten.

A. starting B. started C. to start D. whose starting

( )40. Have you got anything _______?

A. to open the box B. opening the box with C. opening the box D. to open the box with

( )41. We must try our best to stop the pollution _______ a happier life.

A. from living B. to live C. living D. live

( )42. --- Hello, what are you reading?

--- A book _______ by Bill Gates.

A. writing B. written C. to write D. which written

( )43. --- What do you come here for?

--- _______.

A. Borrow a CD B. To borrow a CD C. Borrowing a CD D. Borrowed a CD

( )44. Yesterday I heard a story _______ by my friend.

A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell

( )45. We can’t help crying after _______ the sad news.

A. hear B. heard C. hearing D. to hear

( )46. --- Would you mind _______ for a few minutes?

--- No, not at all.

A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting

( )47. Have you read this book? It’s worth _______.

A. to read B. read C. reading D. to be read

( )48. Mr Wang would like me _______ my classmates a talk.

A. to give B. giving C. gives D. give

( )49. I find _______ him all about it.

A. necessary to tell B. that necessary to

C. necessary it to tell D. it necessary to tell

( )50. It’s very nice _______ you to _______ me about it.

A. for; tell B. of; say C. to; speak D. of; tell

51. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____as the plane was making a landing. （04上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating

52. Victor apologized for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan. （04上海春季）

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

53. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______. （04上海春季）

A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted

54. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _________ the girl and took her away, _________ into the woods. （04上海春季）

A. seizing, disappeared B. seized.., disappeared

C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing

55. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. __________ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having

56. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered __________ at the party, but not __________. (05北京卷)

A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave

57. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses ___vacation to China. (05北京卷) A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid

58. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________. (05北京卷)

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

59. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. （05山东卷）

A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

60. He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (05广东卷) A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted

61. He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. (05广东卷)

A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found

62. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well . （05湖北卷）

A．to spend B．spent C．being spent D．spending

63. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. （05湖北卷）

A．Being separated B．Having separated

C．Having been separated D．To be separated

64. ______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷）

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

65. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ______ in a year. （05湖南卷）

A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed

66. ---- Is Bob still performing?

---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official (05江苏卷)

A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

67. ________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05江苏卷) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

68. ________ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. (05江西卷)

A．Having given up hope of cure B．With no hope for cure

C．There being hope for cure D．In the hope of cure

69. I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better. (05江西卷)

A．liking B．to be like C．to like D．to be liking

70. The manager, ___ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. (05江西卷)

A．who has made B．having made C．made D．making

姓名 班级 得分

1-5 CDBCA 6-10 DABDB 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 BABBC

21-25 BDABB 26-30 BCCDB 31-35 DACDD 36-40 BDAAD

41-45 BBBAC 46-50 DCADD

责任编辑：李芳芳

篇10：第七章：动词概述 学案设计(人教版英语高考复习)

d. He said it in a loud voice.

11.on / about表示 “关于”时的区别: on一般用于比较大或涉及比较广深的问题, 比较正式; 而about用于表示一般的问题

a. This is a little story about a little hero.

b. He will give us a talk an DNA.

动词的分类

动词按其在句中所充当的句子成分分为谓语动词和非谓语动词

一.谓语动词: 用于谓语中的动词称为谓语动词. 按照其能否独立作谓语, 谓语动词又可分为两类:

1.能独立作谓语的动词称为完全动词, 即实义动词;

2.不能独立作谓语的动词称为不完全动词, 包括: 连系动词, 情态动词, 助动词

连系动词有两种: ①.表示特征状态, 如: be, appear看起来, seem看来,似乎, look看起来, sound听起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, feel 摸起来, remain仍然是; ②.表示变化过程, 如: become变成, get成为, grow变得, turn变成, go变得, prove证明是

情态动词和助动词参看其他章节

二.非谓语动词: 不充当谓语的动词形式称为非谓语动词, 包括: 不定式, 分词(现在分词和过去分词), 动名词三种, 它们在句中可以充当主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语, 状语等, 具体细节参看第十一章.

三.使用实义动词时要注意的问题:

1.实义动词分为及物与不及物, 及物动词要求有宾语, 能用于被动语态; 不及物动词不能有宾语, 不能用于被动语态

2.实义动词还可分为持续动词与瞬间动词, 前者可以与表示段时间的时间状语连用, 而后者不可. 但瞬间动词的否定式表示“该动作没有发生”, 可视为一种可持续的状态, 并可与段时间状语连用

a. They watched the train leave for five minutes. ( watch是持续动词)

b. I received his letter yesterday. ( receive是瞬间动词)

c. How long have you joined the army ?(错误: joined是瞬间动词, 不能与段时间how long连用)

d. When did you join the army ? (正确)

e. How long have you been in the army ? (正确)

f. How long may I borrow the book ? (错误: borrow是瞬间动词, 不能与段时间how long连用)

g. How long may I keep the book ? (正确)

h. I haven’t received his letter for almost two months. (not receive表示“没有收到”, 这一意思可视为一种持续的状态, 因此可以和段时间two months连用)

四.短语动词的种类: 共有五种不同的短语动词

1. “动词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: depend on, look for

2. “动词+副词”: 有的相当于及物动词, 如: look up(查找), 有的相当于不及物动词, 如: slow down(慢下来). 这类短语动词的宾语是代词时, 只能放在动词和副词之间, 如: call her up; 这类短语动词的宾语是名词时, 既可放在动词和副词之间, 也可放在副词之后, 如: call Tom up或call up Tom

3. “动词+副词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: keep away from

4. “动词+名词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: lose sight of

5. “be +形容词+介词”: 相当于一个及物动词, 如: be worthy of

动词的形式

一.动词的基本形式有: ①.原形; ②.单数第三人称现在时形式, 即词尾加 – s / - es; ③.过去式; ④.过去分词; ⑤.–ing 形式

二.动词第三人称单数现在时形式的构成规则:

①.一般情况加-s, 如: works, learns, comes

②.动词以-s, -x, -sh, -ch, -o结尾时, 加-es, 如: passes, fixes, washes, teaches, goes

③.动词以辅音字母加y结尾时, 将y变为i, 再加-es, 如: carries, cries, flies, studies

三.动词的过去式和过去分词的构成规则:

1.规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成规则:

①.一般情况下词尾加-ed, 如: worked, wanted, opened, answered, played, obeyed

②.以不发音的-e结尾的词在词尾加-d, 如: hope –hoped, like –liked;

③.以辅音字母+y结尾的, 将y变为i, 再加–ed, 如: study –studied, try –tried;

④.以重读闭音节或-r音节结尾, 末尾只有一个辅音字母(x除外)的, 双写末尾的辅音字母, 再加-ed, 如: stop –stopped, clap -clapped, plan-planned, refer-referred, admit –admitted, permit –permitted

⑤.少数双音节动词, 尽管重音在第一个音节, 仍双写末尾的辅音字母, 然后再加-ed, 如: travel –traveled, program –programmed, 但美式英语不双写辅音字母

2.不规则动词的过去式和过去分词的构成: (参看不规则动词表)

四.动词的-ing形式的构成规则:

①.一般情况直接加-ing, 如: working, studying, going, seeing, staying

②.以不发音的-e结尾, 去掉-e再加-ing, 如: live –living, move-moving;

③.以重读闭音节或-r音节结尾, 末尾又只有一个辅音字母(x除外), 将末尾辅音字母双写, 再加-ing, 如: planning, starring, beginning, referring;

④.少数几个以-ie结尾的重读开音节动词, 应将-ie变成y, 再加- ing, 如: die –dying, tie –tying, lie –lying

⑤.少数双音节动词, 虽然重音在第一音节, 也双写末尾的辅音字母, 然后再加-ing, 如: travel –traveling, 但在美式英语中一般不双写

⑥.以非重读的元音字母加-l结尾的动词构成-ing时, l要双写, 再加-ing(美国英语不双写), 如: travelling, quarrelling

⑦.注意以下几个词的- ing形式: hoe –hoeing, picnic – picnicking, panic –panicking, dye –dyeing

篇11：破解高考英语非谓语动词陷阱

破解高考英语非谓语动词陷阱

_______ the road round to the right and you’ll find his house.

A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed

许多同学一看题目选项便想当然地认为，这是考查非谓语动词的用法区别，于是便在B、C、D三个选项上下工夫比较，但事实上，此题不是考查非谓语动词的`，答案既不是B，也不是C，也不是D。

做对此题的关键是要注意句中的连词and，它表明整个句子是一个并列句，即 and 前后应各是一个独立的句子，而不应是一个非谓语形式的短语，所以此题的正确答案应选A，即 and 前是一个祈使句。请将此题与下面两题比较：

1. _______ the road round to the right, you’ll find his house.

A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed

【分析】此题应选B，现在分词短语表条件(注意句中没有并列连词)。

2. _______ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.

A. Follow B. Following C. To follow D. Followed

【分析】此题应选C，不定式短语表目的。

请做以下各题，它们是考查非谓语动词吗?答案是选A，还是B，或C，或D?

1. ______ the milk and set a good example to the other children.

A. Drink B. To drink C. Drinking D. Having drunk

2. _____ me, and don’t just stand there laughing.

A. Answer B. To answer C. Answering D. To be answering

3. ______ me, and then try to copy what I do.

A. Watch B. Watching C. To watch D. Have watched

4. _____ through this book and tell me what you think of it.

A. Look B. Looking C. To look D. Having looked

5. _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.

A. Leave B. Leaving C. If you leave D. When left

【分析】以上各题答案均选A，因为各题句中均有一个并列连词 and，即填空句为祈使句。

注意，有时可能不用连词，而用破折号，如以下两题答案均选B，填空句也为祈使句：

1. _____ down the radio ― the baby’s asleep in the next room.

A. Turning B. Turn C. Turned D. To turn

2. _____ some of this juice ― perhaps you will like it.

A. Trying B. Try C. To try D. Having tried

请做以下各题，它们是考查非谓语动词吗?答案是选A，还是B，或C，或D?

1. ______ him enough time to get home before you telephone.

A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given

2. ______ left when you get to the end of the street.

A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. Kept

3. ______ your hand over your mouth when you cough.

A. Put B. Putting C. To put D. To be putting

4. ______ until the lights have turned to green.

A. Wait B. To wait C. Waiting D. Having waited

5. ______ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.

A. Join B. To join C. Joining D. Joined

【分析】以上各题答案均选A，原因是每句中均包括有从属连词(如 when, before, until 等)，即整个句子为一个主从复合句，而填空句仍为祈使句。

篇12：高三英语复习（非谓语动词 ） (人教版高三英语上册教学论文)

高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）

(出题人：张伟)

1. -- What’s made you so upset?

-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.

A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost

2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.

A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken

3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.

A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry

4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?

A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going

5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.

A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying

6. None of the criminals escaped ______.

A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing

7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?

A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned

8. ______ the past, our life is much better.

A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with

9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in

the sky and ______ them light .

A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving

10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.

A. Practise; making B. Practising; make

C. To practise; making D. To practise; make

11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.

A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made

12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.

A. following; following B. followed; followed

C. following; followed D. followed; following

13. ______ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.

A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed

14. He is often listened ______ in the next room.

A. to to sing B. to sing C. sing D. sang

15. Is this the watch you wish to ______?

A. have it repaired B. repair it C. have repaired D. have repaired it

16. The way he thought of ______ the problem is practical.

A. solving B. to solve C. how to solve D. how to settle

17. Wet umbrellas are not allowed ______ into the hotel.

A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking

18. She returned home only ______ the door open and something ______.

A. to find; missed B. found; to be missing

C. to find; missing D. finding; to be missed

19. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way home, but unfortunately for

me, I found my color TV set ________ when I got home .

A. lying; stolen B. laying; stealing C. lay; stolen D. lying; stealing

20. -- Did you close the door when you left?

-- Yes, I remember ______ it, for it remains ______.

A. to close; closed B. closing; locking C. to close; to be locked D. closing; locked

21. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ______ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased

to see children well ______ care of in the nursery.

A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking

22. Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

23. The Bunsen Burner is so famous because it is thought ______ by Robert Bunsen.

A. to be invented B. having been invented

C. invented D. to have been invented

24. Time ______, I can have done it better.

A. permits B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit

25. We appreciate ______ us to the ball.

A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited

26. ______ his mother, the baby could not help ______. .

A. To see; to laugh B. Seeing; laughing C. Seeing; to laugh D. To see; laughing

27. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice!

A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow

28. People will be encouraged to eat healthy food, ______ and to drink less beer and wine.

A. not to smoke B. don’t smoke C. not smoke D. not smoking

29. ______ in the heavy snow, he walked into an expensive shop.

A. Catching B. Having been caught C. Caught D. To be caught

30. ______ from space, the earth, with water ______ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a

“blue ball”.

A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covering

31. This book is worthy ______ twice.

A. reading B. read C. having been read D. to be read

32. _______, he went to ask his teacher.

A. Not known how to do it B. Unknown what to do

C. Knowing not how to do D. Not knowing how to do it

33. -- I would like to buy an expensive camera.

-- Well, we have several models ______.

A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice

34. I regret ______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.

A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing

35. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.

A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted

C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting

36. It was ______ the radio that the young man spent a whole morning in his room.

A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to be repairing

37. Autumn ______ on, the leaves on the trees began falling.

A. coming B. come C. comes D. was coming

38. Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ______ English.

A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn

39. Mr. Smith, ______of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.

A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring

40. Mr. Smith stood up in defence of the boy, ______ that he was not the one ______.

A. to say; blamed B. saying; to blame

C. said; blaming D. saying; to be blamed

41. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported ______ since the flood hit the area last

Friday.

A. getting lost B. to be missing

C. having got lost D. to have been missing

42. Isn’t it time you ______ down to ______the papers?

A. get; mark B. got; marking

C. get; marking D. got; being marking

43. ______ and I’ll get the work finished.

A. One more hour B. Given one more hour

C. Have one more hour D. If I have one more hour

44. I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop _____ while she works.

A. working; talking B. working; to talk C. to work; talking D. to work; to talk

45. To his disappointment, the opinion he had stuck to ______ wrong.

A. turn out B. turned out C. turning out D. was turned out

46. Such ______ the case, I couldn’t help but ______ him.

A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported

47. The noise of the desks ______ could be heard in the next classroom.

A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed

C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed

48. Generally ______, when ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. speaking; taking B. spoken; taken

C. speaking; taken D. spoken; to be taken

49. The earthquake ____ the tsunami(海啸) happened deep under the sea, ___ over 200,000 people.

A. caused; killed B. caused; killing C. causing; killed D. causing; killing

50. Walking out of the room with a _____ smile on his face, he turned _____ goodbye to the host.

A. forcing; to say B. forced; saying C. forcing; saying D. forced; to say

51. With two children ______ university this September, the parents are working hard.

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. having attended

52. The car burns more fuel. But ___ it or not, ____ all things into consideration, it’s still a good car.

A. believe; taking B. believe; taken

C. to believe; to take D. to believe; having taken

53. The story ______ by the writer is very ______ with many middle school students in China.

A. /; popular B. written; welcome C. writing; agreed D. written; pleased

54. It’s no use ______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.

A. arguing; argue B. to argue; arguing C. arguing; arguing D. to argue; argue

55. With his son ______, the old man felt _______.

A. disappointed; disappointing B. disappointing; disappointed

C. being disappointed; disappointed D. to disappoint; disappointing

56. It’s ______ cold! I can’t get the engine ______.

A. frozen; go B. freezing; going C. freeze; got D. freezing; to go

57. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman

58. I was cycling in the street when I heard an old woman ______ out a ______ cry and then saw

her bleeding badly.

A. give; frighten B. give; frightened

C. giving; frightening D. to give; frightened

59. Can you imagine a little boy ______ a stranger ______ into the house and ______ a box away?

A. notice; enter; steal B. watching; coming; taking

C. observed; going; getting D. seeing; steal; carry

59. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate ______ from you now and then ______ me

how everyone is getting along.

A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell

61. Everybody laughed, ______.

A. I included B. me included C. I including D. me including

62. ______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than whose

command of English is poor.

A. Other things being equal B. Other things were equal

C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal

KEY:

1-5 BDABC 6-10 BCDDC 11-15 DCDAC 16-20 BACAD 21-25 BCDCC 26-30 BCACB 31-35 DDACA 36-40 CAAAB 41-45 DBAAB 46-50 AACDD 51-55 CAAAB 56-60 BDBDC 61-62 BA

高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）

(出题人：张伟)

1. -- What’s made you so upset?

-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.

A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost

2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.

A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken

3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.

A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry

4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?

A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going

5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.

A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying

6. None of the criminals escaped ______.

A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing

7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?

A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned

8. ______ the past, our life is much better.

A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with

9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in

the sky and ______ them light .

A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving

10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.

A. Practise; making B. Practising; make

C. To practise; making D. To practise; make

11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.

A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made

12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.

A. following; following B. followed; followed

C. following; followed D. followed; following

13. ______ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.

A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed

14. He is often listened ______ in the next room.

A. to to sing B. to sing C. sing D. sang

15. Is this the watch you wish to ______?

A. have it repaired B. repair it C. have repaired D. have repaired it

16. The way he thought of ______ the problem is practical.

A. solving B. to solve C. how to solve D. how to settle

17. Wet umbrellas are not allowed ______ into the hotel.

A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking

18. She returned home only ______ the door open and something ______.

A. to find; missed B. found; to be missing

C. to find; missing D. finding; to be missed

19. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way home, but unfortunately for

me, I found my color TV set ________ when I got home .

A. lying; stolen B. laying; stealing C. lay; stolen D. lying; stealing

20. -- Did you close the door when you left?

-- Yes, I remember ______ it, for it remains ______.

A. to close; closed B. closing; locking C. to close; to be locked D. closing; locked

21. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ______ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased

to see children well ______ care of in the nursery.

A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking

22. Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

23. The Bunsen Burner is so famous because it is thought ______ by Robert Bunsen.

A. to be invented B. having been invented

C. invented D. to have been invented

24. Time ______, I can have done it better.

A. permits B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit

25. We appreciate ______ us to the ball.

A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited

26. ______ his mother, the baby could not help ______. .

A. To see; to laugh B. Seeing; laughing C. Seeing; to laugh D. To see; laughing

27. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice!

A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow

28. People will be encouraged to eat healthy food, ______ and to drink less beer and wine.

A. not to smoke B. don’t smoke C. not smoke D. not smoking

29. ______ in the heavy snow, he walked into an expensive shop.

A. Catching B. Having been caught C. Caught D. To be caught

30. ______ from space, the earth, with water ______ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a

“blue ball”.

A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covering

31. This book is worthy ______ twice.

A. reading B. read C. having been read D. to be read

32. _______, he went to ask his teacher.

A. Not known how to do it B. Unknown what to do

C. Knowing not how to do D. Not knowing how to do it

33. -- I would like to buy an expensive camera.

-- Well, we have several models ______.

A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice

34. I regret ______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.

A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing

35. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.

A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted

C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting

36. It was ______ the radio that the young man spent a whole morning in his room.

A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to be repairing

37. Autumn ______ on, the leaves on the trees began falling.

A. coming B. come C. comes D. was coming

38. Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ______ English.

A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn

39. Mr. Smith, ______of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.

A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring

40. Mr. Smith stood up in defence of the boy, ______ that he was not the one ______.

A. to say; blamed B. saying; to blame

C. said; blaming D. saying; to be blamed

41. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported ______ since the flood hit the area last

Friday.

A. getting lost B. to be missing

C. having got lost D. to have been missing

42. Isn’t it time you ______ down to ______the papers?

A. get; mark B. got; marking

C. get; marking D. got; being marking

43. ______ and I’ll get the work finished.

A. One more hour B. Given one more hour

C. Have one more hour D. If I have one more hour

44. I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop _____ while she works.

A. working; talking B. working; to talk C. to work; talking D. to work; to talk

45. To his disappointment, the opinion he had stuck to ______ wrong.

A. turn out B. turned out C. turning out D. was turned out

46. Such ______ the case, I couldn’t help but ______ him.

A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported

47. The noise of the desks ______ could be heard in the next classroom.

A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed

C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed

48. Generally ______, when ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. speaking; taking B. spoken; taken

C. speaking; taken D. spoken; to be taken

49. The earthquake ____ the tsunami(海啸) happened deep under the sea, ___ over 200,000 people.

A. caused; killed B. caused; killing C. causing; killed D. causing; killing

50. Walking out of the room with a _____ smile on his face, he turned _____ goodbye to the host.

A. forcing; to say B. forced; saying C. forcing; saying D. forced; to say

51. With two children ______ university this September, the parents are working hard.

A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. having attended

52. The car burns more fuel. But ___ it or not, ____ all things into consideration, it’s still a good car.

A. believe; taking B. believe; taken

C. to believe; to take D. to believe; having taken

53. The story ______ by the writer is very ______ with many middle school students in China.

A. /; popular B. written; welcome C. writing; agreed D. written; pleased

54. It’s no use ______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.

A. arguing; argue B. to argue; arguing C. arguing; arguing D. to argue; argue

55. With his son ______, the old man felt _______.

A. disappointed; disappointing B. disappointing; disappointed

C. being disappointed; disappointed D. to disappoint; disappointing

56. It’s ______ cold! I can’t get the engine ______.

A. frozen; go B. freezing; going C. freeze; got D. freezing; to go

57. Finding her car stolen, _______.

A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly

C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman

58. I was cycling in the street when I heard an old woman ______ out a ______ cry and then saw

her bleeding badly.

A. give; frighten B. give; frightened

C. giving; frightening D. to give; frightened

59. Can you imagine a little boy ______ a stranger ______ into the house and ______ a box away?

A. notice; enter; steal B. watching; coming; taking

C. observed; going; getting D. seeing; steal; carry

59. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate ______ from you now and then ______ me

how everyone is getting along.

A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell

61. Everybody laughed, ______.

A. I included B. me included C. I including D. me including

62. ______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than whose

command of English is poor.

A. Other things being equal B. Other things were equal

C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal

KEY:

1-5 BDABC 6-10 BCDDC 11-15 DCDAC 16-20 BACAD 21-25 BCDCC 26-30 BCACB 31-35 DDACA 36-40 CAAAB 41-45 DBAAB 46-50 AACDD 51-55 CAAAB 56-60 BDBDC 61-62 BA

高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）

(出题人：张伟)

1. -- What’s made you so upset?

-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.

A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost

2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.

A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken

3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.

A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry

4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?

A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going

5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.

A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying

6. None of the criminals escaped ______.

A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing

7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?

A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned

8. ______ the past, our life is much better.

A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with

9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in

the sky and ______ them light .

A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving

10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.

A. Practise; making B. Practising; make

C. To practise; making D. To practise; make

11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.

A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made

12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.

A. following; following B. followed; followed

C. following; followed D. followed; following

13. ______ the ex

篇13：非谓语动词专项训练 (人教版高考复习英语下册教学论文)

非谓语动词专项训练

季市中学高二英语组 刘青青 老师整理

1. the house on fire, he dialed 119.

A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen

2. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth .

A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix

3. We're _________ to listen to her ________ voice. It's _________ to hear her sing.

A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure

C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure

4. a post office, I stopped some stamps.

A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy

5. with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A. Comparing B. To compare C. Compared D. Having compared

6. Here are some new computer programs _________ for home buildings.

A. designing B. design C. designed D. to design

7. a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp

A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved

8. The teacher came into the classroom by his students.

A. following B. to be following C. followed D. having followed

9. With the money , he couldn't buy any ticket.

A. to lose B. losing C. lost D. has lost

10. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn't make himself .

A. being heard B. hearing C. heard D. hear

11. The result of the test was rather .

A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint

12. I've never heard the word in spoken English.

A. use B. used C. using D. using

13. how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.

A. Not to know B. Not knowing C. Knowing not D. Not known

14. Deeply , I thanked her again and again.

A. being moving B. moved C. moving D. to be moved

15. With winter on, it's time to buy warm clothes.

A. came B. comes C. come D. coming

16. the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.

A. Having shown B. Showing C. Has shown D. Having been shown

17. He went from door to door, waste papers and magazines.

A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered

18. The student corrected his paper carefully, the professor's suggestions.

A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed

19. The price will save you one dollar for each dozen.

A. reduce B. reducing C. reduced D. reduces

20. People in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.

A. live B. to live C. lived D. living

21. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn't make his point .

A. understand B. understanding C. to understand D. understood

22. The scientists were waiting to see the problem .

A. settle B. settled C. to settle D. settling

23. The library's study room is full of students for the exam.

A. busily prepared B. busy preparing C. busily prepare D. are busily preparing

24. The ground is with leaves.

A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen

25. Lessons easily were soon forgotten.

A. to learn B. learn C. learnedD. learning

26. The wallet several days ago was found in the dustbin outside the building.

A. stolen, hidden B. stealing, hiding C. stealing, hidden D. stolen, hiding

27. A person a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language all about his own.

A. to learn, to forget B. learning, to forget C. to learn, forgetting D. learning, forgetting

28. different kinds of pianos, the workers farther improved their quality

A. To produce B. Being produced C. Produced D. Having produced

29. The students in the university are all taking courses a degree.

A. coming to B. going to C. leading to D. turning to

30. Many things impossible in the past are very common today.

A. consider B. considering C. considered D. be considered

31. many times, he still couldn't understand.

A. Having been told B. Having told C. He having been told D. Telling

32. The old sick lady entered the hospital, her two sons.

A. to support B. supporting C. supported by D. having supported

33. China is one of the largest countries in the world,9.6 million square (平方) kilometres.

A. to cover B. covered C. covers D. covering

34. “We must keep a secret of the thingshere”, the general said,at the man in charge of the information office.

A. discussed, stared seriously B. being discussed, seriously staring

C. to be discussed, seriously stared D. discussed, stared

35. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, that he had enjoyed his stay here.

A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added

36. “Can you read?” Mary said to the notice.

A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing

37. the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room

A. Writing B. Having written C. Written D. Being written

38. Were you when you saw that wild animal?

A. fright B. frightening C. frightened D. frighten

39. Properly with numbers, the books can be easily found.

A. marked B. mark C. to mark D. marking

40. The child sat in the dentist's chair .

A. tremble B. trembling C. trembled D. to trembled

41. At this moment the bell rang the end of class.

A. announce B. announcing C. announced D. to announce

42. He walked down the hills, softly to himself.

A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing

43. I had to shout to make myself above the noise.

A. heared B. hearing C. heard D. to hear

44. The graduating students are busy material for their reports.

A. collect B. to collect C. collected D. collecting

45. The carsin Beijing are as good as those in Shanghai.

A. produce, produce B. produced, produced

C. produced, producing D. producing, producing

46. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li a patient.

A. examine B. examining C. to examine D. examined

47. a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.

A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

48 . a satisfactory operation, the doctor believed the patient would recover from his illness very soon.

A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given

49.He wrote a letter to me that his trip to Japan had been put off because of the bad weather

A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed

50. He reads newspapers every day to keep himself about what's going on in the world.

A. inform B. informing C. informed D. being informed

小试牛刀

2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 非谓语动词

1. I've worked with children before , so I know what ________in my new job. （2000全国） A．expect ed B．to expect C．to be expecting D．expects

2. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _______the next year. （2000全国） A．carry out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out

3. The picture ________ on the wall is painted by my nephew. （2000北京春季）

A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung

4. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation. （2000北京春季）

A. Given B. To give C. GivingD. Having given

5. As we joined the big crowd I got _________ from my friends. （01全国）

A. separated B. spared C. lost D. missed

6. ________such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. （01全国） A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

7. _______late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. （01北京春季）

A．To sleep B．Sleeping C．Sleep D．Having slept

8. One learns a language by making mistakes and _______them. （01北京春季）

A．correct B．correcting C．corrects D．to correct

9.The mother didn't know ____ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. （02全国）

A．who B．when C．how D．What

10. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _________ whether they will enjoy it. （02全国）

A．to see B．to be seen-ぃ茫畇eeing D．Seen

11. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.（02全国） A．it what to do with-ぃ拢畐hat to do it with

C．what to do with it-ぃ模畉o do what with it

12. The research is so designed that once _____ nothing can be done to change it.（02全国） A．begins B．having begun-ぃ茫産eginning D．Begun

13. ― How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?

― The key ____ the problem is to meet the demand ____ by the customers. （02北京） A. to solving; making B. to solving; made

C. to solve; making D. to solve; made

14. Prices of daily goods through a computer can be lower than store prices. （02北京春季）

A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying

15. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found in the kitchen. （03全国卷） A．smoke B．smoking C．to smoke D．smoked

16. The teacher asked us ______________ so much noise. （03北京）

A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make

17. _____ time, he’ll make a fist-class tennis player. （03北京）

A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D.Given

18. Mr. Smith, of the speech, started to read a novel. （03北京春季） A．tired; boring B．tiring; bored

C．tired; bored D．tiring; boring

19. My advisor encouraged______ a summer course to improve my writing skills. （04北京） A for me taking B me taking C for me to take D me to take

20. ______in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. （04北京）

A To wait B Have waited C Having waited D To have waited

21. Don’t leave the water______ while you brush your teeth. （04天津）

A run B running C being run D to run

22. They see you as something of a worrier, problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them. （04重庆）

A. settling B. discovering C. seeing D. designing

23. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents . （04重庆）

A. worried B. to worry C. worrying D. worry

24. There are eight tips in Dr Roger’s lecture on -sleep, and one of them is : to bed early unless you think it is necessary. （04重庆）

A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. not going D. don’t go

25. The man insisted_______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. （04江苏） A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding

26. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night. （04江苏）

A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted

27. The old man, ____________abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. （04江苏）

A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked

28. Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ____ as 3M.（04浙江） A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known

29. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only______ the film stars had left. （04福建） A．to tell B．to be told C．telling D．told

30. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time_____ the exam. （04福建） A．pass B．to pass C．passed D．passing

31. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another two weeks. （04广东）

A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed

32. If you are planning to spend your money having fun this week, better ______ it-you’ve got some big bills coming. （04广东）

A. forget B. forgot C. forgetting D. to forget

33. Helen had to shout _____ above the sound of the music. （04广西）

A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear

C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard

34. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _____ in your mind instead of before your eyes. （04广西）

A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed

35. You were silly not ____ your car. （04湖南）

A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked

36. with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all （04湖北） A．Compare B．When comparing

C．Comparing D．When compared

37. I don’t know whether you happen , but I’m going to study in the U.S.A. this September . （04辽宁）

A．to be heard B．to be hearing C．to hear D．to have heard

38. by the beauty of nature , the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm . （04辽宁）

A．Attracting B．Attracted C．To be attracted D．Having attracted

39. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ____ TV. （04上海）

A. to watch B. to watching C. watching D. watch

40. The flu is believed _______ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat. （04上海）

A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. be have caused

41. The flowers __sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.（04上海） A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt

42. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海） A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded

43. Having been attacked by terrorists, ________. （04上海）

A. doctors cane to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed

C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists

44. Sarah, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to ______ before the party. （04全国I） A get changed B get change C get changing D get to change

45. When first______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04全国II）

A introducing B introduced C introduce D being introduced

46. “We can’t go out in this weather,” said Bob, ______ out of the window. （04全国II） A looking B to look C looked D having looked

47. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when___ at the meeting by my boss. （04全国IV） A questioning B have questioned C questioned D to be questioned

48. Alice returned from the manager’s office, ______ me that the boss wanted to see me at once. （04全国IV） A having told B tells C to tell D telling

49. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. （04北京春季） A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting

50. I'm going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ______ ? （04上海春季） A. to be buying B. to buy C. for buying D. bought

51. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____as the plane was making a landing. （04上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating

52. Victor apologized for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan. （04上海春季）

A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able

53. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______. （04上海春季）

A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted

54. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _________ the girl and took her away, _________ into the woods. （04上海春季）

A. seizing, disappeared B. seized.., disappeared

C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing

55. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. __________ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having

56. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered __________ at the party, but not __________. (05北京卷)

A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave

57. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses ___vacation to China. (05北京卷) A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid

58. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________. (05北京卷)

A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on

59. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. （05山东卷）

A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching

60. He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (05广东卷) A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted

61. He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. (05广东卷)

A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found

62. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well . （05湖北卷）

A．to spend B．spent C．being spent D．spending

63. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. （05湖北卷）

A．Being separated B．Having separated

C．Having been separated D．To be separated

64. ______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷）

A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed

65. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ______ in a year. （05湖南卷）

A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed

66. ---- Is Bob still performing?

---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official (05江苏卷)

A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left

67. ________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05江苏卷) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing

68. ________ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. (05江西卷)

A．Having given up hope of cure B．With no hope for cure

C．There being hope for cure D．In the hope of cure

69. I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better. (05江西卷)

A．liking B．to be like C．to like D．to be liking

70. The manager, ___ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. (05江西卷)

A．who has made B．having made C．made D．making

71. While watching television, __________. （05全国卷3）

A．the doorbell rang B．the doorbell rings

C．we heard the doorbell ring D．we heard the doorbell rings

72. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________ away. （05全国卷3）

A．run B．running C．to run D．ran

73. The storm left, _________ a lot of damage to this area . （05全国卷1）

A．caused B．to have caused C．to cause D．having caused

74. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk _______ the good opportunity. （05上海卷） A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost

75. ______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. （05上海卷）

A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put

76. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _______ a look at the sports stars. （05上海卷） A. had B. having C. to have D. have

77. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ________ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. （05上海卷）

A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken

78. _________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. （05浙江卷）

A．To find out B．Finding out C．Find out D．Having found out

79. Daddy didn't mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ____fun. （05重庆卷）A. had B. have C. to have D. having

80. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You've had it____ often enough. （05天津卷）A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained

81. I don't want _______like I' m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. （05天津卷）]

A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded

82. I really can't understand ______ her like that. （05安徽卷）

A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating

83. All these gifts must be mailed immediately _______ in time for Christmas. （05辽宁卷）

A．in order to have received B．in order to receive

C．so as to be received D．so as to be receiving

非谓语动词强化训练

Keys: 1~20: BCBBC CDCCC BBBBD DABCD 21~40: DBBCC ADDCC ACDBC ABCAB 41~50: BBCDB BABBC

2000 ~ 2005 年高考题汇编 非谓语动词

BCBAA AABAB CDBBB DDADC BCADC CDBBD CADCB DDBCC BABAB ACDDB CCBDD CBABA ABCAC ABBCD CBDBAC CAADD ADC

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