【导语】“aoqeecom”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了8篇高考英语语法难点之非谓语动词，下面是小编整理后的高考英语语法难点之非谓语动词，欢迎您阅读分享借鉴，希望对您有所帮助。
- 目录
篇1：高考英语语法难点之非谓语动词
非谓语动词的含义
非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的形式
非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。具体如下：
1. 不定式
①基本形式：to do(表示主动，并且一般表示将来)
②被动式：to be done(表示被动，并且一般表示将来)
③进行式：to be doing (表示主动和进行)
④完成时：to have done(表示主动和完成)
⑤完成被动式：to have been done(表示被动和完成)
⑥完成进行式：to have been doing (表示主动和完成进行)
The teacher told us to do morning exercises.
老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister.
要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.
老师进来时，她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped.
据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested.
据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.
据说在过去的里，她一直在这家工厂工作。
2. 动名词
①基本形式：doing (表示主动)
②被动式：being done(表示被动)
③完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)
④完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成)
Travelling in space by ordinary people will be common in the future.
在未来，普通人在太空旅行将会是普遍的事情。
Freddy and his band could go nowhere without being followed by their fans. Freddy
和他的乐队到哪里都被他们的粉丝跟着。
I have no idea of his having done such a thing against you.
我不知道他做过这样一件违背你的事情。
Many customers complain of having been given short weight at that shop.
很多顾客抱怨在那家商店被缺斤少两过。
3. 现在分词
①基本形式：doing (表示主动和进行)
②被动式：being done(表示被动和进行)
③完成式：having done(表示主动和完成)
④完成被动式：having been done(表示被动和完成)
He sat there，reading a newspaper.
他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.
这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。
Having finished my homework，I began to watch TV.
完成作业后，我开始看电视。
Having been told many times，she still can t remember it.
已经被告诉了很多次，她仍然记不住。
4. 过去分词：done
及物动词的过去分词表示被动或完成;不及物动词的过去分词表示主动或完成。
polluted river 被污染的河流;fallen leaves 落叶
注意：非谓语动词本身不能表示现在和过去。非谓语动词表示进行、将来和完成时是相对于谓语动作来说的：和谓语动作同时发生表示进行;发生在谓语动作之后表示将来;发生在谓语动作之前表示完成。
非谓语动词的语法
非谓语动词除去不能做谓语之外，其它所有成分都可以做。具体如下。
1. 不定式：做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和补语。
To learn a foreign language is difficult .(作主语)
学会一门外语是很难的。
It’s easy to see their aunt.(作真正主语，it做形式主语)
很容易见到他们的姑姑。
Tom wanted to have a cup of beer.(作宾语)
汤姆想要喝杯啤酒。
His wish is to be a driver.(作表语)
他的愿望是当一名司机。
I have nothing to say.(作定语)
我没有什么可说的。
The teacher told us to do morning exercises . (作宾语补足语)
老师让我们做早操。
They went to see their aunt. (目的状语)
他们去见他们的姑姑。
2. 动名词：做主语、宾语、表语、定语和补语。
Learning English is very difficult .(作主语)
学英语非常困难。
I enjoy dancing.(作动词宾语)
我喜欢跳舞。
I have got used to living in the country.(作介词宾语)
我已经习惯了住农村。
His job is driving a bus.(作表语)
他的工作是开车。
3. 现在分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。
The story is interesting.
这个故事有趣。
He sat there，reading a newspaper.(作状语)
他坐在那里，读着一张报纸。
The area being studied may be rich in coal.(作定语)
这个正在被研究的地方可能富含煤。
He saw the thief stealing some money from the bank.(作宾补)
他看到小偷正在从银行偷钱。
4. 过去分词：做表语、定语、状语和补语。
He is interested in the news.(作表语)
他对这则消息很感兴趣。
polluted river(做定语)
被污染的河流
Given more time,I can do my work better.(做状语)
如果再被多给些时间，我会把工作做得更好。
I found my watch stolen.(做宾补)
我发现我的手表被偷了。
非谓语动词重、疑、难点
1. 须用省去to 的不定式(do)作宾补的11个动词。
五看(see、watch、notice、observe、look at)
两听(hear、listen to)
三使(make、let、have)
一感觉(feel)
根据谐音记忆法，我们可以记做“吾看两厅三室一感觉”。
I saw a big bird fly over the roof of the house yesterday.
昨天，我看到一只大鸟飞过了屋顶。
注意：以上11个动词，也可以接现在分词和过去分词作宾补，但在时间和语态上会有变化，我们以see为例来区分一下。
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做了某事
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
see sb./sth. done 看到某人/某物被......
I see him make the phone call.
我看到他打了电话。(他打电话的整个动作我都看见了)
I see him making a phone call.
我看到他正在打电话。(强调看到他正在打电话,并没有看见全过程.)
We often see him surrounded by much work.
我们常常看见他被大量的工作包围着.
2. 只接不定式(不能接动名词)作宾语的25个常用动词
want、would like、wish、help、hope、learn、manage、offer、plan、afford、agree、arrange、ask、beg、care、choose、decide、demand、determine、expect、fear、prepare、pretend、promise、refuse
3. 只接动名词(不能接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词
practice、consider、enjoy、finish、give up、imagine、keep、put off、risk、suggest、admit、advise、allow、appreciate、avoid、delay、deny、discuss、dislike、escape、excuse、fancy、forbid、mention、mind、miss、permit、prohibit
4. 既可接不定式也可接动名词，但含义完全不同的8个动词
remember to do sth. 记住要做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth. 遗憾要做某事(未做)
regret doing sth. 后悔/抱歉做过某事(已做)
try to do sth. 努力做某事
try doing sth. 尝试做某事
mean to do sth. 计划做某事
mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事
go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事
stop doing sth. 停下正在做的事情
5. 所有非谓语动词的完成形式都不能做定语，如to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done 和 having been done。
非谓语动词的解题步骤
1. 判断非谓语动作的逻辑主语，以此来确定它表示主动含义还是被动含义。
①非谓动词做定语时，其逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词。
②非谓语动作做状语时，其逻辑主语是句子主语。
③非谓语动作做宾补时，其逻辑主语是它前面的宾语。
2. 判断非谓语动作与谓语动作的先后关系。
和谓语动作同时发生表示进行，应用以上提到的进行式(to be doing和doing);发生在谓语动作之后表示将来，应用(to do和to be done);发生在谓语动作之前表示完成,应用(to have done、to have been done、to have been doing、having done、having been done和done)。
例如下面几题：
(1)_____ all my money on the car, I can’t afford a holiday with my friend this summer.
A. Spending
B. Spend
C. To spend
D. Having spent
【答案与解析】D “已经花了所有的钱买车”做时间状语，所以其逻辑主语应是句子主语“我”。“我”与“花钱”之间应该是主动关系，并且“花钱”发生在谓语动作“can’t afford a holiday”之前，所以非谓语动词应用主动和完成的含义，故选“D”。
(2)An exercise method to improve strength and balance is becoming popular in the United States.
A. designing
B. designed
C. to be designed
D. being designed
【答案与解析】B “设计”在这里是定语，修饰其前的“an exercise method”，所以其逻辑主语应该是它的被修饰词“an exercise method”，所以表被动。因为“设计”这个动词在这里本身已经完成，所以应用表示被动完成含义的designed。
(3)Open your heart, and you’ll make yourself better ______.
A. known
B. knowing
C. to know
D. know
【答案与解析】A ”知道，了解“在这里做宾补，所以其逻辑主语是其前的宾语”yourself“，”yourself“和”知道，了解“在这里是被动关系，所以选择过去分词”known“。
篇2：高考英语语法填空代词知识点与非谓语动词之分词表
高考英语语法填空代词知识点
定义 代词(pronoun)是代替名词的词：
代词在句子中的功用
a)和名词一样，可作主语、宾语和表语。b)有些代词和形容词一样，可作定语。如：
a) I am reading The Arabian Nights.我在读《天方夜谭》。(作主语)
This is John Smith speaking.(打电话用语)我是约翰·史密斯。(作主语)
Can I help you?我能帮你的忙吗?(作宾语)
That's all.我的话完了。(作表语)
b)His father is an eye-doctor.他父亲是个眼科医生。(作定语)
All men are equal.所有的人都是平等的。(作定语)
3)格的变化 有些代词有格的变化，如 I 我(主格)，me我(宾格)，Who谁(主格)，whom谁(宾格)。某些代词有所有格，如whose谁的，other's别人的，somebody's某人的，one's一个人的。
4)单复数形式 有些代词有单数和复数形式。少数代词的复数形式和名词的复数形式的变化规则相同，如one-ones，other-others。其他如人称代词、物主代词、自身代词和指示代词等，其复数形式与此不同，须个别记忆。
5)有或没有冠词 代词之前一般不用冠词，只有少数例外。如：the other，the others，a few，a little等。
种类
英语有下列几种代词：
1)人称代词(personal pronoun)
a)主格：I，he，she，it，we，you，they.
b)宾格：me，him，her，it，us，you，them.
2)物主代词(possessive pronoun)：
a)形容词性物主代词：my，his，her，its;our，your，their.
b)名词性物主代词：mine，his，hers，its，ours，yours，theirs.
3)自身代词(self-pronoun)：myself，yourself，himself，herself，itself，ourselves，yourselves，themselves，oneself.
4)相互代词(reciprocal pronoun)：each other，one another.
5)指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)：this，that，these，those，such，same.
6)疑问代词(interrogative pronoun)：who，whom，whose，which，what.
7)关系代词(relative pronoun)：who，whom，whose，which，that.
8)不定代词(indefinite pronoun)：some，something，somebody，someone，any，anything，anybody，anyone，no，nothing，nobody，no one，every，everything，everybody，everyone，each，much，many，little，a little，few，a few，other，another，all，none，one，both，either，neither.
人称代词概说
表示“我'，、”你“、”他“、”我们“、”你们“、”他们“等的词，叫做人称代词。
人称代词的用法
1)人称代词主格的用法
a)作主语
I am a cook.(炊事员) We are cooks，
You are a teacher.(教师) You are teachers.
He is a barber.(理发员) The yare barbers.
She is a nurse.(护士)The yare nurses.
It is a cart.(大车) They are carts.
b)作表语
It's I .是我。 Oh，it's you. 噢，是你。
[注一]第一人称单数人称代词I (我)永远要大写。(见上面例句)
[注二]口语习惯上不说it's I (he, she等)，而说It's me (him，her等)。
2)人称代词宾格的用法
a)作及物动词的宾语
The dog bit him.那只狗咬了他。
Our P. T. teacher taught us to swim yesterday.我们的体育老师昨天教我们游泳。
This is my new hat. Do you like it ?这是我的新帽子，你喜欢吗?
b)作介词的宾语
My brother often writes tome.我弟弟常给我写信。
They took good care of us.他们无微不至地照料我们。
3)人称代词的其他用法 各人称代词除按照自身的人称、数和格使用外，还有下列一些特殊用法：
a)报刊的编辑和文章的作者，在发表观点时，常用we代替I (同样用our代替my)。如：
We believe that China will make still greater progress in shipbuilding.我们相信中国的造船业将会有更大的发展。
In our opinion this is the best film of the year.我们认为这是今年最好的影片。
b)用she来代替国家、城市、船舶、飞机以及动物等，以表示亲切和爱抚。如：
That's the picture of the Dongfeng; she is a 10,000 - ton class ocean - going freighter.那是万吨远洋货轮东风号的照片。
The dog waved his tail when he saw his master.那狗看见主人就摇尾巴。
c)北有时可用来代替小孩(child)和婴儿(baby)。如：
The child smiled when it saw its mother.小孩见到母亲就笑了。
d) they可用来代替一般的人，特别在”they say“中。如：
They say there's going to be another good harvest this year.人们说今年又是个丰收年。
物主代词概说
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词的用法
1)形容词性物主代词用作定语
I love my work in the hospital.我喜欢我在医院的工作。
How many students are there in his (her) class?他(她)班上有多少学生?
There are many good teachers in our school.我们学校有许多好老师。
I saw a film lasts saturday. Its title was Guerrillas on the Plains.
我上星期六看了一个电影，名叫《平原游击队》。
2)名词性物主代词用作主语、宾语和表语
a)用作主语：
Our room is on the first floor, and theirs is on the second 我们的房间在一层，他们的在二层。
Ours is a socialist country.我们的国家是社会主义国家。
b)用作宾语：
I didn't borrow her dictionary. I borrowed his.我没有借她的字典，我借的是他的。
c)用作表语：
Whose pencil is this?-It is hers.这是谁的铅笔?
--是她的。
These tools are ours.这些工具是我们的。
[注]”of+名词性物主代词“和2.12的”of+名词所有格“的用法完全一样。如：
a friend of mine我的一个朋友(表示部分观念，意即我有不少朋友，他(她)是其中之一)
this lovely child of yours你的这个可爱的孩子(有感情色彩)
自身代词概说
表示反射(指一个动作回射到该动作执行者本身)或强调(即用来加强名词或代词的语气)的代词叫做自身代词。
自身代词的用法
1)在句中作宾语，表示动作回到动作执行者的本身。如：
Please help yourself to some lea.请自己用茶。(作help的宾语)
The girl is too young to look after herself.这女孩太小，还不能照顾自己。(作look after的宾语)
He was always ready to help others; he never thought of himself他总是帮助别人，从不想到自己。(作thought of的宾语)
2)在句中作名词或代词的同位语，用来加强名词或代词的语气，作”亲自“、”本人“解。它在句中可置于名词、代词之后，也可置于句子末尾。如：
You yourself said so.你自己是这样说的。
The desk itself is not so heavy.书桌本身并不重。
I fixed the window myself.这窗户是我自己装的。
相互代词
表示相互关系的代词叫做相互代词。
相互代词的用法
1)作宾语。如：
Do you often see one another?你们彼此常见面吗?
New and old students learn from each other.新老同学相互学习。.
John and Tom helped each other.约翰和汤姆相互帮助。
2)作定语时须用所有格。如：
We are interested in one another's work.我们关心彼此的工作。
The students corrected each other's mistakes in their homework.学生相互改作业中的错误。
Students cut each other's hair.同学们相互理发。
3)each和other有时可分开用。如：
Each tried to persuade the other to stay at home.两个人都彼此劝说对方留在家里。
指示代词概说
表示”这个“、”那个“、”这些“、”那些“等指示概念的代词叫做指示代词。
指示代词有：this这个，that那个，these这些，those那些，it那个，这个，Such如此的，如此的事物，same同样的，同样的事物。
指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的功用
指示代词this，these，that，those在句中的用法相当于名词和形容词，可用作主语、表语、宾语和定语。如：
This is a plane，这是一架飞机。(作主语)
Oh，it's not that.噢，问题不在那儿。(作表语)
How do you like these?你喜欢这些吗?(作宾语)
This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.这是一本关于中医的书。(作定语)
指示代词ins，these，that， those的其它用法
1)This (these)常用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物，that(those)则常用来指时间或空间上较远的事物。如：
This is a sickle and that is an axe.这是一把镰刀，那是一把斧子。
These days are cold.这些天很冷。
In those days the poor people had a hard time.在那些日子里，穷人生活很苦。
2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this和these则指下面将要讲到的事物。如：
I had a bad cold. That's why I didn't come.我伤风很厉害，所以我没有来。
Those two statements are not true.那两种说法是不真实的。
What I want to say is this：Pronunciation is very important in learning English.我所要说的是：语音在英语学习中非常重要。
chairman Mao honoured Lin Hulan with these words：”A great life A glorious death“毛主席用下面的话表彰刘胡兰：”生的伟大，死的光荣。“
3)有时为了避免重复提到过的名词，常可用that或those代替。如：
The climate of shenyang is just as good as that of Beijing. 沈阳的气候跟北京的一样好。(that代替climate)
The county's grain output of 1981 was double that of 1970.这个县1987年的粮食产量比1980年增加一倍。(that代替grain output)
Television sets made in Nanjing are just as good as those made in Shanghai.南京出产的电视机和上海的一样好。(those代替television sets)
4)This和that有时作状语用，表示”程度“，意谓”这么“和”那么“。如：
The book is about this thick.那本书大约有这么厚。
I don't want that much.我不要那么多。
It指人时亦用作指示代词。指示代词it在汉语中不必译出。
如：
Who is it?――it's me.是谁?--是我。
Oh, it's you，Lao Wang.哦，是你呀，老王。
Such和same也是指示代词，其单、复数的形式相同。它们在句中可用作：
1)定语
The foreign Visitors said they had never seen such a beautiful city before.外宾说他们从来没有看过这样美丽的城市。
We are not talking about the same thing.我们谈的不是一回事。
[注] such作定语时，它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词，这个不定冠词应放在Such之后，如上面第一例。
2)相当于名词，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
Such were his words.这就是他讲的话。(作主语)
The same can be said of the Other article.另一篇文章也是同样情况。(作主语)
Take from the drawer such as you need.你需要什么，就从抽屉里拿吧。(作宾语)
His name and mine are the same.他和我同名。(作表语)
[注]注意在same之前一般须用定冠词the。
疑问代词概说
”疑问代词有who(谁，主格)，whom(谁，宾格)，whose(谁的，所有格)，what(什么)和which(哪个，哪些)等。
疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中
疑问代词一般都放在句首，并在句中作为某一句子成分。如：
Who is going to speak to us tomorrow?明天谁来跟我们讲话?(who作主语)
Who told you so?是谁告诉你的?(who作主语)
Whom are you talking about ?你们在说谁?(whom作宾语，但在句首时口语常用who代替whom)
Whose umbrella is this ?这是谁的伞?(whose作定语)
What is that? 那是什么?(what作表语)
What did he say?他说什么?(what作宾语)
Which is yours，the blue pen or the redone?蓝笔和红笔哪一支是你的?(which作主语)
[注一]关于疑问代词的各种用法，可参看77.70-77.72。
[注二]疑问代词who，what，which等后面加单词ever，可强调语气，表达说话人的各种感情。如：
What ever do you want?你到底想要什么?
Who ever is she looking for ?她究竟是在找谁?
[注三]which表示在一定范围之内的选择，what则没有这种限制。如：
What do you usually have for lunch?你们午饭通常吃些什么?
Which do you like best?你最喜欢哪一个?
Which of you comrades come from the Northeast? 你们同志们中间谁是东北人?
疑问代词可以引导一个间接疑问句
间接疑问句在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语等。疑问代词本身在间接疑问句中又担任一定的句子成分。如：
Who will be in charge of the work is still not decided.谁将负责这项工作，现在还没有决定。(疑问代词who引导一个主语从句，它本身又在从句中用作主语。)
Do you know what his name is?你知道他叫什么名字吗?(疑问代词what引导一个宾语从句，而它本身又在从句中用作表语。)
[注一] what所引导的名词性从句(即主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句) 有时不是间接疑问句。如：
What he says is quite true.他所讲的话很对。(what相当于that which。它引导一个主语从句，这个从句不是间接疑问句。)
Children do what the nurse tells them to do.保育员让孩子干什么他们就做什么。(what引导一个宾语从句，这个从句也不是间接疑问句。)
[注二] whatever，whoever，whichever等词可引导名词性从句。这些名词性从句也不是间接疑问句。whatever，whoever，whichever也可引导表示让步的状语从句。见15.65和15.72)如：
They eat whatever they can find.他们找到什么就吃什么。(whatever引导一个宾语从句，并在从句中作宾语。)
I've got plenty of books 1eft.Whoever wants an extra copy can get one from me.我还剩下许多书，谁还想再要一本可来拿。(whoever引导一个主语从句，并在从句中作主语。)
关系代词
两种可用来引导从句并将从句和主句连接起来的代词
这样的代词一方面在从句中用作句子成分，可作主语、宾语、定语等;另一方面又起连词的作用。这样的代词有关系代词和疑问代词两种。(关于疑问代词，见4.18)
关系代词概说
关系代词有who，whose，whom，that，which等，用来引导定语从句。它们在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语或表语;另一方面它们又代表主句中为定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(这样的名词和代词叫做先行词)。如：
The man who is talking with Mr. Brown is an eye Specialist和布朗先生谈话的那个人是个眼科大夫。(关系代词who在从句中用作土语，它的先行词是man)
He is the comrade whom you have been looking for他就是你要找的那位同志。(关系代词whom在从句中作宾语，它的先行词是comrade，whom在口语中一般可省去)
The old man whose son is in the navy used to be carpenter.儿子在海军的那位老人过去是个木匠。
(关系代词whose在从句中用作定语，先行词为man)
The film which I saw last night is about a young teacher.我昨晚看的那部电影说的是一个年轻教师的事。(关系代词which在从句中用作宾语，先行词为film, which在口语中可省略)
This is the plane that will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon.这是下午要飞往东京的飞机。(关系代词that在从句中用作主语，先行词为plane)
不定代词概说
不是指明代替任何特定名词(或形容词)的代词叫做不定代词。不定代词有：
some 一些(可数或不可数)
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something某物，某事
any一些，任何(可数或不可数)
anybody任何人
anyone任何人
anything任何事物
no 无(可数或不可数)
nobody无人
no one无一人
nothing无物
all全体，全部
both两个
neither没有人或物(指两个当中)
none没有人或物(指两个以上)
either任何一个(指两个当中)
each每个
every每个
everybody每人，大家，人人
everyone每人
everything每一个事物，一切
other (s)另一个(些)
another另外一个，又一个
much很多(不可数)
many很多(可数)
few很少(可数)
a few一些，几个(可数)
little很少(不可数)
a little一些(不可数)
one一个(人或物)
不定代词的用法
不定代词大都可代替名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语和定语。如：
1)用作主语
Both of them are waiters.他们俩人都是男侍者。
Is everybody here?人都到了吗?
2)用作宾语
I know little about the novel关于这本小说我知道的很少。
I am speaking for myself，not for others.我只代表自己，不代表别人发言。
I was interested in everything that the old man told me.我对于这位老人告诉我的一切都感兴趣。
3)用作表语
That's all for today. class is dismissed.今天就讲这一些。现在下课。
This book is too much for me.这本书对我说太难了。
4)用作定语
Study well and make progress every day.好好学习，天天向上。
He has some English books.他有一些英文书。
china will become a powerful modern country in another twenty years.再过二十年中国将成为现代化强国。
[注]有些不定代词也可用作同位语和状语。如：
Wang and Li both made good progress.王和李两人都有很大进步。(同位语)
They all went to the Zoo.他们都去动物园了。(同位语)
Are you any good at mathematics?你数学好吗?(状语)
The meeting lasted some two hours.会议进行了两个小时左右。(状语)
复合不定代词
由some，any，no，every加上-body，-one，-thing构成的不定代词，叫做复合不定代词。
1)复合不定代词有
a) somebody 某人 someone某人
something某物，某事
b) anybody 任何人 anyone 任何人
anything任何事物
c) nobody 无一人no one无一人
nothing [5nQWiN]无一物
d)everybody，everyone每人，大家，人人
everything每一个事物，一切
2)复合不定代词的用法
a)复合不定代词只相当于名词，在句中用作主语、宾语和表语。如：
Everything is made of elements.任何东西都是元素构成的。(作主语)
I have got nothing to say.我没有什么话要说。(作宾语)
something和anything的区别与some和any的区别一样，前者一般用于肯定句，后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句中。如：
Have you anything to say about this question? -No, I haven't anything to say. (或I have nothing to say.)(或Yes, I have something to say.) 关于这个问题，你有什么话要讲吗?--我没有什么话要讲。(我有话要说。)
She told them something about her work.她跟他们谈了一些关于她的工作上的事。(作宾语)
b)复合不定代词被形容词所修饰时，形容词须放在它们的后面。如：
There is nothing wrong with the lathe.这个车床没有毛病。
is there anything important in today's newspaper?今天报纸上有什么重要消息吗?
I need somebody strong to help me.我需要一个体格强壮的人帮助我。
非谓语动词之分词
名称 | 语态 | 结构形式 | 时间概念及主被动关系 | 举例 | |
现 在 分 词 | 一般式 | 主动 | （not）doing | 与谓语动作/状态同时发生的主动动作 | Singing a song, he was watching TV. |
被动 | (not) being done | 与谓语动作/状态同时发生的被动动作 | Being punished, he is crying. | ||
完成式 | 主动 | (not)having done | 发生在谓语动作/状态之前的主动动作 | Having finished the course, we had an exam. | |
被动 | (not) having been done | 发生在谓语动作/状态之前的被动动作 | Having been warned several times， they became more careful in doing the job. | ||
过去分词 | （not）done | 1. 可以只表一个被动的动作； 2. 可以只表一个完成的动作（即发生在谓语动作/状态之前的动作）； 3. 可以同时既表被动又表完成的动作（即发生在谓语动作/状态之前的动作）； | 1. Seen from the hill，the town looks nice.（只表被动） 2. The fallen leaves are yellow. （只表完成） 3. The returned books looks new.（既 表被动又表完成） |
篇3：考研英语语法讲解之非谓语动词
2013考研英语语法讲解之非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词），即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：一、有的.固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、不定式的习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1．cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.
2．be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.
对于以上非谓语的用法，很多都是固定的搭配，提议广大考生在复习的时候，把它们背诵下来，滚瓜烂熟，脱口而出，对于考研肯定有很大的帮助，特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛，给人眼前一亮的感觉。一定要不断操作，不断实践！
。篇4：英语语法练习题：非谓语动词
英语语法练习题精选：非谓语动词
1. Zhou Lan doesn’t have to be made ________. She always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. le arned
2. ________ for several times, we decided not to do it again.
A. Having scolded B. Having been scolded C. She has been scolded D. Since she was scolded
3. Hearing the bad news, _______.
A. tears came down her face B. she can’t help crying
C. everything seemed to be in bad order D. the young lady was upset
4. The boy was caught ______ things from a shop last night.
A. steal B. to steal C. stole D. stealing
5. The ______ look on his face suggested that he was ______.
A. surprised; surprised B. surprising; surprising
C. surprised; surprising D. surprising; surprised
6. This novel is said __________ last year.
A. to have been published B. to be published
C. to have published D. having been published
7. I have never thought of _______ abroad with us.
A. you to go B. you will go C. for you to go D. you going
8. It was very clever ______ in the young lady’s room.
A. for Holmes to stay B. Holmes’ staying C. of Holmes to stay D. of Holmes’ staying
9. They spent the night ______ in the room.
A. having locked B. locking C. to be locked D. locked
10. You look that light-hearted. Nothing seems _______ to you.
A. to happen B. to have been happened C. to have happened D. to be happened
11. This song is sung by many people, _______ it very popular.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
12. In many countries, school teachers get _________ by the year.
A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. pay
13. I have had the computer _______ because my father had me ______ it.
A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done
14. Revolution means ______ the productive forces.
A. liberate B. liberating C. liberated D. to liberate
15. It happened ______ when I left the station , so I had to wait until the rain stopped.
A. to be raining B. to have rained C. to rain D. raining
16. If you have a fever, you’d better drink more ______ water.
A. boiling B. boil C. boiled D. to boil
17. He could do nothing but _____ for the bus _______.
A. wait; to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came
18. ______ it rains, we will stay at home.
A. Supposed B. Supposing C. To suppose D. If suppose
19. Nobody likes to ______.
A. laugh at B. make fun of C. be laughed D. be made fun of
20. He advised ______ but I didn’t listen to him.
A. me going B. my going C. for me to go D. me to go
21. I have a lot of letters ___________.
A. deal with B. to deal C. to be dealt D. to deal with
22. I don’t think this room comfortable ________.
A. to live B. to live in C. to be lived D. living in
23. He is believed ______ the college exam, for he is now studying very hard.
A. to pass B. to have passed C. pass D. that he can pass
24. Have you got used _______ up early ?
A. to get B. to getting C. to be getting D. getting
25. _____ in the forest, he had to ask for help by sending out signals.
A. Having lost B. Losing C. Lost D. He was lost
26. I regret ____ your advice, or I would have succeeded.
A. not to take B. not take C. not taking D. not taken
27. All the children need _________. So they all have the right of going to school.
A. to teach B. being taught C. taught D. teaching
28. All that is worth ______ should be well _______.
A. doing; done B. being done; done C. doing ; doing D. being done; doing
29. When I passed by, he pretended ______ and didn’t even raise his eyes.
A. to read B. to be reading C. to have read D. reading
30. _________, they went home, ________.
A. Their work had been finished ; singing and laughing
B. They had finished their work; sang and laughed
C. Their work finished; singing and laughing
D. After their work finished; singing and laughing
31. The studios which Disney started are still busy today _____ more and more interesting films.
A. to produce B. produced C. produce D. producing
32. The young man was praised for ________ a little boy.
A. have saved B. he has saved C. having saved D. saving
33. How about two of us _______ the meeting ?
A. to attend B. attend C. attending D. to be attending
34. I didn’t remember ______ him before, so I didn’t address him when he came.
A. to meet B. having met C. have met D. to having met
35. The building ______ now will be our school library.
A. built B. to be built C. is being built D. being built
36. “Last night, you forget ______ off the lights when you left the room.”
“Really? I remember ________ them off.”
A. to turn; to turn B. to turn; turning C. turning; turning D. turning; to turn
37.If you want to improve your _____ English, you must try ________ English every day.
A. spoken; to practise speaking B. spoken ; practising speaking
C. speaking; to practise to speak D. spoken; to practise to speak
38. The Golden Gate Bridge, ______ several hundred years ago, is worldwide famous.
A. which is built B. which built C. having built D. built
39. The young deer was lucky to miss _______.
A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch
40. “Will you have anybody _____ the flowers?”
“Yes, I will have the flowers _______. ”
A. plant; planted B. to plant; planted C. plant; to be planted D. to plant; plant
41. He went there in a hurry only ______ that everybody had left.
A. finding B. to find C. having found D. to have found
42. Mr and Mrs Smith were killed in an accident , _____ their child as an orphan.
A. leaving B. to leave C. having left D. to have left
43. He came ______ to the station ______ the first train.
A. running , catching B. to run; to catch C. ran; to catch D. running; to catch
44. Jackson likes ______, but he doesn’t like ________ today.
A. to fish; to fish B. fishing ; fishing C. to fish; fishing D. fishing; to fish
45. I saw the man ______ on a bus and go away.
A. to get B. get C. was getting D. getting
46. With you _____by, I can’t say any more.
A. stood B. stand C. to stand D. standing
47. ______, the city looks beautiful.
A. Seeing from the hill B. Seen from the hill
C. To see from the hill D. To be seen from the hill
48. That day I saw some villagers ______ at the back of the classroom, ______ to the headmaster.
A. seating; listening B. seated; listening C. sitting; listening D. sat; listening
49. Whom will you __________ with you ?
A. have to go B. having going C. have gone D. have go
50. The girl wrote a composition without ______.
A. ask B. asking C. being asked D. to be asked
51. He finished his homework and then went on ______ me.
A. helping B. with help C. with helping D. to help
52. ______ where to go, he asked a policeman .
A. Having lost his way and not knowing B. Losing his way and didn’t know
C. Having lost his way and didn’t know D. Lost his way and didn’t know
53. ______ her friend was badly hurt, she burst into tears.
A. Hearing B. Having heard C. To hear D. Heard
54. ______ his team had won, his face lit up at once.
A. Knowing B. When knowing C. After knowing D. when he knew
55. _______ over and over again, but he still couldn’t understand .
A. Having explained B. Having been explained
C. Explaining D. It had been explained
56. ______ no buses, he had to walk home.
A. There was B. There is C. There being D. Being
57. Several Chinese people were killed in the bomb, three journalists ______.
A. be included B. including C. included D. have been included
58. I can hardly imagine such a disabled boy _____ so great a thing.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. to have done
59. The surface of the lake is ______ with _____ leaves.
A. covered; fallen B. covered; falling C. covering; fallen D. covering; falling
60. What have we said _______ you so unhappy ?
A. make B. made C. to make D. makes
篇5：英语语法口诀非谓语动词
非谓语动词包括动词不定式，动词的过去分词和动词的-ing形式三种。这是高考中的热点，其考查量多、面广，几乎是必考的一个知识点。近六年高考复现率达百分之百。纵观试题，其考查重点为动词非谓语形式的作用及功能相同的非谓语动词之间的区别。学生对此知识也“知之半解”，深感头疼。请看下面的方法，将有助于记住不定式及动名词。
1、动词的不定式
①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
2、动名词：
哪些动词后面只能接动名词，下面的顺口溜有助于记忆。
喜欢、考虑不可免(enjoy, consider, escape, avoid)
停止，放弃太冒险(stop, give up , risk)
反对想象莫推延(mine, imagine, delay, put off)
要求完成是期望(require, finish, look forward to.)
建议继续勤*练(suggest, go on, practise)
不禁原谅要坚持(can’t help, excuse , insist on)
继续注意使成功(keep on, mind, succeed in)
篇6：“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
“there be＋名词＋非谓语动词”英语语法
1. there be+宾语+现在分词：
现在分词表示主动关系，同时表示动作正在进行：
There is someone waiting for him. 有人在等他。
There was a man standing in front of me. 我前面站着一个男人。
There were some children swimming in the river. 有些小孩在河里游泳。
There were a group of young people working in the fields. 有一群青年在地里劳动。
有时现在分词可表示一种状态：
There’s a piano standing against the wall. 靠墙有一架钢琴。
There’re a lot of difficulties facing us. 我们面前有很多困难。
There is a door leading to the garden. 有一座门通往花园。
有个别现在分词用于该结构时可以表示将来(正如它们可用进行时表示将来一样)：
There are ten people coming to dinner. 有10个人来吃晚饭。
2. there be+宾语+过去分词：
过去分词表示一种被动关系，同时表示动作已经发生：
There is nothing written on it. 上面没写东西。
There were ten people killed in the accident. 事故中有10人丧生。
有时过去分词也可表示一种状态(可转换成被动结构)：
There were some old men seated (=who were seated) in the back. 有些老人坐在后面。
There is a red car parked (=which is parked) outside the house. 房子外边停着一辆红色汽车。
3. there be+宾语+不定式：不定式通常表示动作尚未发生：
There was nobody to look after the child. 没有人照顾这孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off. 有一大群人要来给他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks. 可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。
【注】当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：
There is much work to do [to be done]. 有许多工作要做。
有时其中的不定式为系表结构：
There is nothing to be afraid of. 没什么可怕的.。
What was there to be afraid of. 有什么可怕的?
There’s nothing to be ashamed of. 没有什么值得羞愧的。
篇7：考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
2013考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：
一、有的'固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow。
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas。
二、不定式的习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1,cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me。
2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth。
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth。
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth。
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
篇8：考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
2012年考研英语语法讲解 非谓语动词
非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括不定式、动名词和分词(现在分词和过去分词)，即动词的非谓语形式。非谓语动词除了不能独立作谓语外，可以承担句子的任何成分。非谓语是考研英语中的常考点，娴熟地掌握它的用法对于我们来说有着重要的意义。专家们主要从以下几个方面来对它进行介绍：一、有的固定动词后面既可以接动词不定式或动名词，充当宾语的成分，但其表达的意思非常的不同。
mean to do想要(做某事) propose to do 打算(做某事)
mean doing意味(做某事) propose doing建议(做某事)
forget to do忘记(要做的事) remember to do记得(要做某事)
forget doing忘记(已做的事) remember doing记得(已做过的事)
go on to do继而(做另一件事) stop to do停下来去做另一件事
go on doing继续(做原来的事) stop doing停止正在做的事
比如：I remember to deal with this urgent issue tomorrow.
I remember sending you a postcard last Christmas.
二、不定式的'习惯用法，即他们之间形成一个固定的搭配。
这样有两种大的情形：
1,cannot help but do cannot but do
cannot choose but do can do nothing but do
have no choice/alternative but to do
上述句型的意思接近，即“不得不做”、“不禁做”、“不由自主地做”、“不能不做”、“只能做”。其共同的特点是都有一个否定词和but。
比如：I have no choice but to abide by what you have told me.
2,be busy/active doing sth. have difficulty/trouble/problem doing sth.
It’s no good/use/picnic doing sth. have a good/great/wonderful time doing sth.
spend/waste time doing sth. There is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth.
cannot help doing sth.
比如： I can not help crying at the sight of the touching movie,
There is no point in talking about non-sense like that,
I have difficulty in passing the exam without your great help.
对于以上非谓语的用法，很多都是固定的搭配，提议广大考生在复习的时候，把它们背诵下来，滚瓜烂熟，脱口而出，对于考研肯定有很大的帮助，特别是以上短语在考研写作中有时真的是画龙点睛，给人眼前一亮的感觉。一定要不断操作，不断实践!
◆★ 非谓语从句是什么
高考英语语法难点之非谓语动词（合集8篇）
