【导语】“阿黄是条傻金毛”通过精心收集，向本站投稿了9篇应对托福口语考试冲刺高分3个细节技巧指点，下面是小编整理后的应对托福口语考试冲刺高分3个细节技巧指点，欢迎大家阅读借鉴，并有积极分享。
- 目录
篇1：应对托福口语考试冲刺高分3个细节技巧指点
应对托福口语考试冲刺高分3个必备细节技巧指点
1、掌握好答题时间
平时考生在准备口试的时候应该强迫自己对于某个话题在最短的时间内形成一个清晰、有逻辑性的观点以及证明过程，并试图先用中文表达出来，以后再慢慢地过渡到英语上面去。
2、保持逻辑思维的敏锐
西方人在口语表达时会事先在头脑中形成类似于写作一样的大致的逻辑框架，对开头(提出论点)，中间(发展论点)，结尾(总结或辨析)进行规划。所以学生只要应用了逻辑的开头，以此来陈述立场，进而发展论点，就会让考官形成思想认同，觉得你这个人逻辑思维到位，从而取得高分。而很多中国考生过于“含蓄”，回答问题毫无计划性。以这种思维方式来与西方人进行沟通，不仅影响双方理解，仅考试时间(通常是45秒-1分钟)，就不允许。
3、注意语音和语法
很多中国考生理解为说得快就是英语流利的体现，结果发音含混不清，很多考官重点考察的发音不到位，而在词语运用上过于简单，信息含量低，影响考官打高分。因此，考生在陈述过程中要有丰富的抑扬顿挫。对于语句重音、语调方式及停顿等，要掌握得自然飘逸。并注意口语的修辞化，对一些修辞能恰到好处地进行引用。
托福口语话题语料库：住址或旅游地点选择
托福口语话题语料库
乡村的好处：
乡村祥和宁静peace and quiet of the country, very peaceful, calm, solitude;远离城市的喧嚣away from all the hustle and bustle of the city,浪漫 romantic,
秀丽风景beautiful scenes, 离大自然更近close to mother nature, 蓝天 clear skies, 宁静的夜晚peaceful evenings，没有交通拥堵no bad traffic, 没有犯罪no crimes
我喜欢乡下的安详和宁静，在乡下可以更加亲近大自然;而我讨厌城市的喧嚣和吵闹。
Personally, I would say living in the country is my option. I hate the hustle and bustle of the city. I like the solitude, clear skies, and peaceful evenings in the country and it is pretty romantic. Living in the country makes it possible for me to be close to mother nature.
同样道理我们只需把live in the country 换成take vacations in the country 来回答旅游类的题目：
以这句话开头：
To get away from noise and pollution in the city and take a vacation in place where there is peace and solitude is a great choice to me.
接下来说乡村的好处就可以啦。
乡村的缺点：
远离现代文明far away from modern civilization, 不方便inconvenient, 无聊boring, 工作较少 less job options, 找到好工作land nice jobs,
我觉得住在乡下没有道理，那里远离人类文明，找个超市、便利店都不容易更不用说商场了;还有就是城市的工作机会更多。
It makes more sense to me not to live in the country, cuz it is far away from the advanced civilization, and it is super inconvenient, it is hard to find supermarket and convenient stores, to say nothing about shopping malls. Plus, one needs to find a decent job in order to survive and living in the country is the last thing you want to do if you want to land a nice job.
城市的好处：
热闹：eventful, hurly and burly of the city,
有生机和活力：full of dynamics, meet the whole diversity of people, multicultural, close to advanced to modern civilization
饭店和娱乐：restaurants, entertainment: movie theater, museum, and going to concerts, be convenient to live in,
工作机会多： more job options,
我是个城市的孩子，超级喜欢城市的喧嚣，那里充满了活力，你可以结识各种各样的人们，那里更加接近人类文明。不仅如此，休闲娱乐的地方也很多如电影院、演唱会或者去博物馆。
I would say I am a city boy and like to live in the city. I am a big fan of the hurly and burly of big cities. Cities are full of dynamics, you get a chance to meet a whole diversity of people and feel more close to advanced human civilization. On top of that, you get to entertain yourselves with a bunch of choices, like go to the cinema, go to a concert, and even visit the museum on weekends.
关于气候：
在回答题目的时候可以选择喜欢四季分明的地方，第一句
我喜欢住在四季分明的地方，并很享受四季的不同，如果在一个没有四季的地方就太无聊了。
I like to live in a place where there are distinctive seasons, cuz I enjoy the characteristics of every single season, it will be really boring just living in the same season without any change.
春天：
特点：most mild weather, breeze, love Spring, warm enough, not being sickly hot, a lot of rain ,sunny days not too hot
句子：
I like the most mild weather in spring, I got to enjoy the breeze when I do some jogging, it is warm enough and not being sickly hot.
秋天：
特点：colorful leaves, the season of harvest, Halloween, mild temperature, beautiful landscape,
句子：
我特别喜欢秋天，没有比穿着运动衫在户外做运动更好的事情了，当然秋天还有万圣节;气温不是太高也不是太低，由于各种颜色的树叶点缀景色也很美丽;有机会去农场看看会闻到水果的味道。
I particularly like fall, there is nothing better than wearing sweatpants and spending time outdoors, like playing soccer with friends, and Halloween makes it more fun. The temperature is perfect, not freezing cold, not sizzling hot. The landscaping is beautiful with the colorful leaves. If you ever got a chance to pass a farm with peaches trees and tomatoes, you can smell the freshness of the fruit.
夏天：water skiing and tubing, barbecue, beach
句子：In summer, there are a whole lot of activities that you can do, like go to the beach, just lying on the beach or go ahead and do some water skiing and tubing.
夏天：water skiing and tubing, barbecue, beach
句子：In summer, there are a whole lot of activities you can do, like going to the beach, just lying on the beach or go ahead and do some water skiing and tubing. These are of great fun.
关于宿舍(如养猫)：
单词、短语：messy, noisy, be allergic to
宿舍不该养动物，动物太脏、太吵了，宿舍应该是个休息的地方;再说有的人对动物过敏。
I would no pets should be allowed in campus dorms, cuz dorm is supposed to be a quiet place, where students can get some rest from whole day's study, and pets are generally very messy and noisy, and some people are allergic to them.
不管怎么说，在大学读书很昂贵，我们应该完成作为学生的职责也就是保持一个高的GPA，其他所有的事情都在其后;我建议学生把动物放在家，这样对动物也公平，毕竟上学的时候没有太多时间陪它们。
Anyway, going to college costs a lot and one should prioritize their role as a student and maintain a high GPA, everything else comes after that, I would suggest students should leave the animals home, and I think it is kind of fair to pets, cuz college are busy, one does not have enough time to be with the pets.
托福口语话题语料库：工作经验
托福口语话题语料库
要实习的理由：
一开始可以用让步：
· Keeping a decent GPA and doing an internship on top of that is pretty hard to achieve,
· Admittedly, working and studying at the same time is not going to be easy,
实习的好处enormous benefits：
如：务实的眼光practical insights, 合理利用时间prioritize and budget time, 接触业界get exposure in the industry, 真实世界的经验 real world experience，拓宽社交圈子expand you
接上面的让步(选择一个即可):
然而，实习有丰厚的回报如感受真实的世界，获取第一手的业界工作经验，并能发现自己是否喜欢现在实习的行业。
however, one might get enormous benefits from internship. To start with, you will be exposed to the real world, and get firsthand experience working in the industry, you'll have a chance to see whether you really like the profession or not.
扩宽社交圈子，有如一旦公司有全职职位空缺肯定会先考虑实习生;有的公司还会给实习生提供奖学金。
Also, it helps to expand your social network, world famous corporations keep in touch with interns, suppose they have any vacancies in the future, they'll consider you to fill it up, and some company might even offer scholarships to interning students.
给刚入职新人的建议：
自学self learner:
搜寻信息的能力search and retain information;
例句：
职业人士应该是一个自学者，尤其是没有人帮你的时候，你应该掌握收集信息的能力并胜任自己的工作。
It is really important for a professional to be a self learner, there are times when nobody is there to help you out, so you need to search and retain the information you need and be competent on the job.
好的倾听者和观察者：
be a listener and observer, 有灵性 be sensible, 意识到be aware of, 低调keep a low profile/keep it low
例句：
刚进入新单位对工作方式和周围的动态不熟，应该做一个观察者和倾听者，并低调做人。
A good advice for newcomers in workplace is that they should try to be a a listener and observer. Since he is not familiar with way that people do their works in the new place, it is important for him to be sensible and aware of the dynamics in the company and keep a low profile.
信守诺言：keep your word,
例句：
我建议他信守诺言，当你做了承诺而不能兑现的时候就没有人信任你了，这无疑对自己的声誉不好。
I would suggest that he should keep his word. If you promised something and cannot deliver that, nobody will trust you anymore and that is really bad for your reputation.
be confident
诚实：be honest
例句：
没有人是完美的，人人都会犯错误;我建议他不要掩饰自己的错误、夸大自己的能力。优秀的员工激励着自己完成工作但同时当尝试创新方法不成功的时候也会认错。
Nobody is perfect, and everyone makes mistakes. I would suggest him not try to hide his mistakes or inflate his competencies. A good employee is very motivated to fulfill the task, but honestly admits his mistake when trying something new that does not really work out.
篇2：3个托福口语小技巧助你冲刺高分口语
3个托福口语小技巧 助你冲刺高分口语
首先，你要保持逻辑思维的敏锐。
大家都知道，由于中西方文化差异，中国人的思维模式与西方国家的人思维方式有很大程度上的不同。由于受中国文化的影响，中国人一般表达时都会比较含蓄的进行表达，但西方人正好和中国人的这种表达是相反的。西方人在口语表达时会事先在头脑中形成类似于写作一样的大致的逻辑框架，对开头(提出论点)，中间(发展论点)，结尾 (总结或辨析)进行规划。所以学生只要应用了逻辑的开头，以此来陈述立场，进而发展论点，就会让考官形成思想认同，觉得你这个人逻辑思维到位，从而取得高分。而很多中国考生过于“含蓄”，回答问题毫无计划性。以这种思维方式来与西方人进行沟通，不仅影响双方理解，仅考试时间(通常是45秒-1分钟)，就不允许。
托福口语高分，其次要注意语音和语法的正确。
中国考生在托福口语考试当中最大的毛病可能就是语音的问题了。大环境就是这个样子，这个只有考生自己在平时的备考过程当，尽量的避免这类情况的发生，否则将会非常大的影响你的托福口语成绩。很多中国考生理解为说得快就是英语流利的体现，结果发音含混不清，很多考官重点考察的发音不到位，而在词语运用上过于简单，信息含量低，影响考官打高分。因此，考生在陈述过程中要有丰富的抑扬顿挫。对于语句重音、语调方式及停顿等，要掌握得自然飘逸。并注意口语的修辞化，对一些修辞能恰到好处地进行引用。
托福口语高分，最后你要掌握好答题时间。
托福考试的时间是非常有限的，尤其是在托福口语考试的答题时间上，一般不会超过1分钟。其中独立口语考生需要在45秒钟内完成，而综合口语你也不会有超过1分钟的时间来进行复述。所以小编在这里可以给大家一些小的托福口语备考建议：平时考生在准备口试的时候应该强迫自己对于某个话题在最短的时间内形成一个清晰、有逻辑性的观点以及证明过程，并试图先用中文表达出来，以后再慢慢地过渡到英语上面去。
托福备考之口语笔记怎么记
人类瞬时记忆的有限性，可以用速记方式加以弥补。新托福考试托口语部分就允许考生在听、读的同时作些笔记。这对考生在紧张的状态下产生的“听时明白听后忘;读时明白读完忘”的现象确实是一个有益的帮助。快而准的笔记能帮助考生准确地回忆刚刚读到、听到的内容，进而使考生能用恰当的语言准确地回答问题以取得满意的成绩。因而，培养一种高效的速记能力在新托福口语考试中不仅显得至关重要，而且势在必行。
考试中运用怎样的速记方法因人而异，你甚至可以自创一套独特的、只有自己可以辨认的速记符号，但关键的问题是你的速记要有助于你迅速而准确地回想起一次性听到的、读到的东西。所以，“快”而“准”就成了迅速记笔记所应遵循的准则。
作记录并不等于毫无遗漏地将听到看到的每一个词都记录下来，那既是不必要的，也是不现实的、不可能的，特别是在新托福的口语考试中。作记录应着重那些能反映关键信息的关键词，能反映中心意义的核心句。先将它们符号化，然后再将这些符号还原成先前听到或读到的内容。请看下面的例子：
例如：
In 1337, a terrible war began between England and France, and this war continued foralmost a hundred years.
记录：1337，E war F → 100yrs
速记实际上是我们突破记忆障碍的一种手段，是对记忆的一种补充，是对自己的一种提醒，因此，在托福口语准备作记录时应注意：
所运用的符号应尽量简单，要便于快速书写;
自己创建的缩略语、符号等自己要能识别;
要按听、读材料的内容顺序记录关键词和关键信息;
作成的笔记可以串成与材料内容相符的句子;
平时要多练习，保证眼耳手嘴并用，听说读写结合，并严格按考试要求的时间操练。
托福备考之口语高分需要多大的词汇量
要提升口语，是不是应该先专门背单词?
我听说口语只需要3000单词，真的是这样吗?
我的词汇量有4000+，为什么却感觉什么都不会说呢?“
这篇文章我们来聊一聊”是不是应该专门背单词“的问题，”词汇量“是一个大家都很熟悉的概念，但大家对它存在4点严重的认识误区。
1、主动词汇 vs 被动词汇
所谓被动词汇是指放在句子里边，你能够听懂或者读懂的词汇。更准确地, 你可以把”能读懂“的词汇称之为”阅读词汇“，把”能听懂“的词汇称之为”听力词汇“。主动词汇是指在口语或写作中，你可以信手拈来地使用的词汇, 也可以称之为”口语词汇“。
以下边这个句子为例：
I'm a big girl. I can take care of myself. Would you just let me make my own decisions.
你能读懂并且听懂其中每个词汇的意思，说明你对这些词汇的掌握达到了被动词汇的水准，但如果这个句子换你来说呢?你可能不知道girl这里要搭配big还是old，可能会把短语take care of 中的of丢掉，你可能说不出来would you just这样的句式，或着想不起来在my后边加上own，这说明你对这些词汇的掌握尚未达到主动词汇的水准。所以说，口语拼的不是你认识的词汇量, 而是你能信手拈来地使用的词汇量。
认识一个单词(big, would, just, own)并不代表可以信手拈来地使用它，而且往往越是看似简单的词，越难。因为他们变化多端。所以不要单纯地追求词汇量上的胜利, 因为如果都是被动词汇, 没用。
如果，你目前的词汇量有4000，请问其中的主动词汇量有多少呢?
2、词汇量 vs 单词量
词汇和单词是不同的两个概念。词汇既包括单词，也包括由单词构成的搭配，短语、句式等。以下边这句话为例
I didn't mean to be a pain in the ass. I'm your big sister and I'm just looking out for you.
这句话一共有23个单词，想必你都认识，但是I didn't mean to是什么意思?a pain in the ass呢? big sister和look out for you又是什么意思呢?
这些意思你都知道吗?如果是的话，那么恭喜!
但你对它们能够做到信手拈来地使用吗?
I didn't mean to...是句式，a pain in the ass和look out for you是短语，big sister是搭配。
短语称为phrase，字典上一般可以查到, 因为短语的含义往往不同于构成短语的单词的含义之和。
搭配称为collocation, 字典上查不到，因为搭配的含义往往等于构成搭配的单词的含义之和。
所以口语拼的不是单词量，而是词汇量，是单词、搭配、短语、句式的综合。
认识一个单词还不够，还要认识这个单词的相关的搭配、短语、句式，而且要对它们做到信手拈来。因此不要单纯地追求单词量上的胜利，因为只知单词，不知搭配、短语、句式，还是没用。
如果，你目前的单词量有4000, 请问你的搭配、短语、句式量有多少呢?
3、一词多义
很多英语单词都是一词多义的。越是简单的单词往往词义越多，以上边的单词big为例，请看下边10个例句：
1 He has a big heart
2 She's big on music
3 Her movies are big in America
4 It's big of him to forgive you
5 He decided to sue big tobacco
6 This is my big brother
7 He gave me a big kiss
8 Mr Big is coming tomorrow
9 what's the big idea
10 it's no big deal
你理解这些句子中big的意思吗?如果是的话，那么恭喜。但你对这些句子中的big能够做到信手拈来地使用吗?(big的一词多义虽然数量多, 但并不算难, 因为它的多个含义互相之间联系是比较紧密的)。当我们说”认识一个单词“时，仅仅表示知道该单词的一个意思，但是其他的意思呢?所以口语拼的不是你认识的单词数量，而是你对常用单词认识到了什么程度(你认识了多少个含义)。
如果A童鞋认识常用3000单词，每个单词掌握了1个意思;而B童鞋认识常用1000单词，每个单词单词掌握了10个意思。(以big为例的话，A童鞋仅仅会用big box/table/room这个含义，而不会使用上边其他例句中的含义)，你说A童鞋的词汇量是B童鞋的3倍吗?
在我看来，B童鞋的词汇量至少是A童鞋的10倍。
(考虑到使用频率上讲, 常用1000词>>常用3000词, 那么两人实际口语中体现出的词汇量差距10倍都不止)
所以不要单纯地追求词汇量上的胜利, 而是要追求对于常用单词掌握多个含义。
如果，你目前的单词量有4000，请问你掌握的单词含义有多少呢?
4、小词 vs 大词
中国学生喜欢攀比词汇量，尤其喜欢攀比”高大上“单词的数量。我们的写作老师、口语老师也往往鼓励学生使用一些所谓的”好词好句“。我举个例子：有一次我听一个口语老师给学生讲课，当聊到Friends这个话题时，
学生说：“Yeah, I'm a pretty friendly guy. I get along with people well and I like making friends”。
老师点评：friendly这个词，逼格不够啊，如果换成I'm an amicable guy立马提升了几个档次。
你让我说什么好呢?想必这样的经历大家都不少吧?
写作我不说，但从口语来讲，向上边那样刻意运用大词只能让人觉得你很装，并不代表你口语好。从口语来讲，小词是完爆大词的。恰当并且地道地使用小词，才真正显示你的口语水平。举个例子，要表达这句话”她在故意装作不肯合作的样子“：
A童鞋: She's intentionaly pretending that she isn't willing to cooperate.
B童鞋: She's playing hard to get
仅仅看这两句话，仅仅从口语来讲，你觉得哪个童鞋口语更好?
那么什么是小词?就是短小的词，常用的词，特别是介词、连词等虚词。比如上边的play, hard, to, get这些词。因此口语拼的不是你认识了多少”高大上“的单词，而是你对于小词掌握到了什么程度，所以不要单纯地追求词汇量上的胜利， 尤其不要追求大词，因为对于口语，小词才是王道。
你目前的单词量有4000，请问你对于其中的小词掌握到什么程度了?
我在这篇文章中一共想表达4个观点，总结如下：
1、不要跟别人比谁认识的单词多，而是去比谁的主动词汇量更大。
对于口语，主动词汇才是关键。当你认识了一个单词，它仅仅是变成了你的被动词汇。要想把这个单词变成你可以新手拈来地使用的主动词汇，你仍然需要花时间去训练(即我说的口语输出训练)。
2、不要跟别人比谁认识的单词多，而是去比谁认识的单词, 短语, 搭配, 句式更多。
单词量和词汇量是2个不同的概念。当你认识了一个单词，你仅仅认识了这个单词。由这个单词衍生的短语，搭配和句式，你仍然需要花时间去认识它们。当我们遣词造句时，我们并不是把一个一个的单词按照语法规则组成句子，而是把一个一个的短语, 搭配, 单词填入到一个一个句式中去，并且调节一些细节确保语法正确。
3、不要跟别人比谁认识的单词多，而是去比谁认识的总的单词含义数更多。不考虑一词多义的词汇量是伪概念。当你认识了一个单词的一个含义时，你仅仅认识了这个单词的这个含义，这个单词的其他含义，你仍然需要花时间去认识它们。
4、不要跟别人比谁认识的”高大上“单词多。而是去比谁对于小词的掌握更好、
对于口语，小词才是王道。专注小词，专注小词的多个含义，专注小词衍生出的众多短语，搭配和句式，这才是口语的王道。
最后来回答那个童鞋的3个问题
口语只需要3000单词吗?
是的
但是这3000常用单词绝大多数都是一词多义，每个单词又衍生出众多的短语，搭配和句式。如果我们把一个单词包含的每一个含义，衍生出来的每一个短语， 搭配和句式都看作一个独立的”词汇“(我们可以把这个称之为一个lexical unit)，那么口语需要的是3000单词不假，但可能是3w词汇(3w实在是个保守的不能再保守的估计)。
2，我的词汇量有4000+, 为什么感觉说不出来多少东西呢?
一方面, 你的这4000+单词只有一个一个孤立的单词，缺少对短语，搭配和句式的掌握，所以组句很难;另一方面，你的4000+单词绝大部分停留在被动词汇水平上，并未达到主动词汇的水平。事实上，这个问题也是提升口语的最大难题。
3、要提升口语, 是不是应该先专门背单词?
不应该。原因有四：
第一、如果你有高中英语基础、甚至四级英语基础，你口语的瓶颈根本不在单词量上。
第二、单纯背单词的过程非常枯燥，导致你觉得提升口语是一个苦大仇深的过程而半途放弃。
第三、单纯背单词得到的单词，常常并未达到阅读词汇和听力词汇的水平，仍需要通过阅读和听力去再学习(因为如果把看着中文释义能想起英文单词作为背会的标准，显然它并不代表在句子里, 能听懂或读懂这个单词)。
第四、单纯背单词往往容易让人陷入误区。追求大词而轻视小词;追求单词数量而忘记短语, 搭配和句式数量，任何单词背会一个含义就完事而忽视常用词的多个含义。这些对于口语提升都是致命的。
那么如何提升自己的词汇量呢?多听多读。这里的读是阅读不是朗读，如果目标是一口流利英语，那么应该优先选择听。
篇3：托福阅读应对难题3个常用技巧指点
托福阅读中词汇较多，考生很容易看到不懂的词汇，但是阅读的目标在于获得整个句子、整个段落、乃至整个篇章的思想，而不是各个孤立的词汇的意义。所以不能因为难词存在而影响答题，所以在阅读中猜词这个技巧的把握很实用。猜词的依据有很多种：根据文章中的定义、解释猜测词义，ETS在设计托福阅读文章时就考虑到一些难词考生没有必要掌握，但是为了不影响考生答题，这些词汇周围会给出相关解释内容;根据同位语等复述性质的内容猜词，托福阅读中同位语常见，同位语本质就是对前面内容的复述;利用举例猜词，例子和主体的关系是包含和被包含关系，所以在属性上有相关性;利用同义词替换猜词，托福阅读文章中用词较讲究，不会出现某个单词的重复，常常利用同义替换来使表达更丰富;利用构词法猜词，这是从单词本身角度出发猜词，当然使用这个猜词技巧需要考生有构词法基础知识。
篇4：托福阅读应对难题3个常用技巧指点
托福阅读考试界面决定了考生无法对内容进行标注，这样对文章的把握不会很好，所以考生可以通过阅读笔记来组织文章思路。笔记是为了做题更加迅速，定位更加准确。笔记记录是通过对文章要点的记录和总结把整个文章大框架组织起来。掌握托福阅读笔记技巧可以帮助考生较快把握文章。在记录时要记录的有：主题段和主题句的关键词、时间和数字、专有名词、举例主体、新概念和局部核心概念以及重要的逻辑关系。
托福阅读详解之摄影史
Perceptions of the visible world were greatly altered by the invention of photography in the middle of the nineteenth century. In particular, and quite logically, the art of painting was forever changed, though not always in the ways one might have expected. The realistic and naturalistic painters of the mid- and late-nineteenth century were all intently aware of photography—as a thing to use, to learn from, and react to.
Unlike most major inventions, photography had been long and impatiently awaited. The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. What was lacking was a way of giving such images permanent form. This was finally achieved by Louis Daguerre (1787-1851), who perfected a way of fixing them on a silvered copper plate. His discovery, the ”daguerreotype,“ was announced in 1839.
A second and very different process was patented by the British inventor William Henry Talbot (1800-1877) in 1841. Talbot's ”calotype“ was the firstnegative-to-positive process and the direct ancestor of the modern photograph. The calotype was revolutionary in its use of chemically treated paper in which areas hit by light became dark in tone, producing a negative image. This ”negative,“ as Talbot called it, could then be used toprint multiple positive images on another piece of treated paper.
The two processes produced very different results. The daguerreotype was a unique image that reproduced what was in front of the camera lens in minute, unselective detail and could not be duplicated. The calotype could be made in series, and was thus the equivalent of an etching or an engraving. Its general effect was soft edged and tonal.
词汇解析：
perception n. 看法;感知
alter v. 更改
logical adj. 逻辑的;合乎逻辑的
intent adj. 坚决的;专注的
react v. 作出反应;起不良反应;反抗
impatient adj. 无耐心的
topographical adj. 地形的
permanent adj. 永久的;不断发生的
silver n. 银;银器
patent n. & v. & adj. 专利;得到...专利;显而易见的强调
ancestor n. 祖先;物种原型
multiple adj. & v. 多功能的;倍数
reproduce v. 复制;重演
duplicate v. & n. 复制;复制品
etch v. 凿刻;铭刻
engrave v. 刻上
tonal adj. 声调的
难句解析：
The realistic and naturalistic painters of the mid- and late-nineteenth century were all intently aware of photography—as a thing to use, to learn from, and react to.十九世纪中期与后期的现实主义和自然主义画家都高度关注摄影术，将其当作一门可以使用、借鉴而且要适应的技术。
The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device [that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper], were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice.当时针孔照相机已经为大家所熟识，它是一种是用小孔或透镜将摄影投射到毛玻璃屏或一张白纸上的盒状设备，这种设备已经为很多地貌风景画家所用，像意大利画家卡纳莱托就用它详细记录了威尼斯城。
The calotype was revolutionary in its use of chemically treated paper in which areas hit by light became dark in tone, producing a negative image. This ”negative,“ as Talbot called it, could then be used to print multiple positive images on another piece of treated paper.卡罗式摄影法革命性地使用了化学处理的纸片，纸片上受到光照射的区域的色调会变暗于是产生了负像。这种被塔尔博特称为“负片”的东西随后会被用于在另一张化学处理的纸片上洗印多张正像。
The calotype could be made in series, and was thus the equivalent of an etching or an engraving. Its general effect was soft edged and tonal.而卡罗式摄影法可以洗出多张照片，因此相当于蚀刻术或雕刻术。其整体的效果是轮廓和色调模糊。
填空
本篇文章介绍了两种摄影技术_____和__________技术诞生于1839年;_____技术诞生于1841年;两种摄影技术产生了不同的效果：_____得到唯一一张影像;_____可以洗出多张照片
Answers:
Daguerreotype, calotype
Daguerreotype, calotype
Daguerreotype, calotype
托福阅读详解之大米草(Spartina)
P1： Spartina alterniflora, known as cordgrass, is a deciduous, perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States. It is the dominant native species of the lower salt marshes along these coasts, where it grows in the intertidal zone (the area covered by water some parts of the day and exposed others).
难词解析：
deciduous adj. 落叶的;短暂的
perennial adj. 不断出现的;多年生的
dominant adj./n.处于支配地位的;占优势的人
expose v. 使显露;揭露
难句解析：
Spartina alterniflora, (known as cordgrass, ) is a deciduous, perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States.
大米草，俗称网茅，是一种落叶的多年生开花植物，原产自美国大西洋沿岸和墨西哥湾地区。
P2： These natural salt marshes are among the most productive habitats in the marine environment. Nutrient-rich water is brought to the wetlands during each high tide, making a high rate of food production possible. As the seaweed and marsh grass leaves die, bacteria break down the plant material, and insects, small shrimp like organisms, fiddler crabs, and marsh snails eat the decaying plant tissue, it, and excrete wastes high in nutrients. Numerous insects occupy the marsh, feeding on living or dead cordgrass tissue, and redwing blackbirds, sparrows, rodents, rabbits, and deer feed directly on the cordgrass. Each tidal cycle carries plant material into the offshore water to be used by the subtidal organisms.
难词解析：
productive adj. 生产力高的;富有成效的
break down 故障;崩塌;中断
organism n. 微生物
fiddle v./ n. 不停摆弄;调试;弦乐器
snail v./ n. 蜗牛;缓慢行动
excrete v. 排泄;分泌
难句解析：
As the seaweed and marsh grass leaves die,] bacteria break down the plant material, and insects, small shrimplike organisms, fiddler crabs, and marsh snails eat the decaying plant tissue, it, and excrete wastes high in nutrients.
随着海草和沼泽禾草叶子的死亡，细菌将植物体分解，昆虫、小型虾状浮游生物、招潮蟹和沼泽蜗牛吃掉了腐烂的植物组织，消化后排出富含营养的排泄物。
P3： Spartina is an exceedingly competitive plant. It spreads primarily by underground stems; colonies form when pieces of the root system or whole plants float into an area and take root or when seeds float into a suitable area and germinate. Spartina establishes itself on substrates ranging from sand and silt to gravel and cobble and is tolerant of salinities ranging from that of near freshwater (0.05 percent) to that of salt water (3.5 percent). Because they lack oxygen, marsh sediments are high in sulfides that are toxic to most plants. Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate, a form of sulfur that the plant can use; this ability makes it easier for the grass to colonize marsh environments. Another adaptive advantage is Spartina’s ability to use carbon dioxide more efficiently than most other plants.
难词解析：
exceedingly adj. 非常的;超越的
germinate v./ n. 发芽
convert v. / n. 转变;改建;换算
adaptive adj. 能适应的
难句解析：
Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate, a form of sulfur (that the plant can use); this ability makes it easier for the grass to colonize marsh environments.
这种能力使得米草属植物能够在沼泽环境中生存。另一个适应性优势就是米草属植物比其他植物能更有效的利用二氧化碳的能力。
文章读完了，让我们来一起看看你有没有读懂吧
P1: 大米草及其生长区域__________
P2: _____环境营养丰富高产(部分原因是因为米草属植物)
P3: 大米草极具竞争力
竞争优势1________________
竞争优势2________________
ANSWERS：
P1： Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States
P2: marine environment
P3: Spartina has the ability to take up sulfides and convert them to sulfate; Spartina’s ability to use carbon dioxide more efficiently than most other plants
篇5：托福听力做笔记3个细节技巧指点
托福听力做笔记技巧：确定记录内核心话题
IBT听力正式开始之前会有一个简短的内容介绍，之后屏幕上会出现一些和听力内容相关的，这些可以帮助我们确定下面所要听部分的核心话题。例如， listen to a conversation between a professor and student in a professor and student. 从这个介绍我们可以知道下面对话内容的场景：biology class，结下来会出现一个图片，里面文字为：Friends of the Earth, Biology class.后面还会出现一个对话内容的图片。通过这些文字和图片，我们可以推断这个对话的主题为与人类地球有关的一个结构，这样机构主要会负责环保事宜。确定主题可以让考生悬着的新慢慢落地。后面的长对话给出的文字和图片提示与对话类似。
篇6：托福听力做笔记3个细节技巧指点
1)主要记录实词：名词，动词，形容词。这次词语所包含的信息量大，也是重读和重复的核心词汇。
2)采用简写. 符号和缩写的速记法方法记录，例如：Q.=question，ltd.=limited, +=and/plus , ?=question ，/=or。此外，还可以用一些其它只有自己熟悉的速记符号来记录重要信息。
托福听力：高频俚语整理
1. born with a silver spoon in your mouth 生于富贵之家，生来享受富贵
2. by hook or by crook 不择手段，无论如何
3. burn one's bridges 破釜沉舟，自断后路
4. Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder 情人眼里出西施
5. bite the hand that feeds you 忘恩负义
6. eat like a horse 吃得很多
7. go to pieces 破碎，沮丧，心碎
8. go Dutch 各付各的钱
9. get the axe: 被解雇，被开除
10. go in one ear and out the other 听了并不照办，左耳朵进右耳朵出
11. get carried away 得意忘形，失去理智
12. give somebody a ring 给某人打电话
13. give somebody a hand 帮助某人
14. have your cake and eat it 鱼与熊掌兼得
15. hold your horses 放慢，等一等
16. high and dry 让某人陷入困境
17. hit the hay 去睡觉
18. be hot and bothered 焦虑，不安
19. have one's hands full 很忙
20. have cold feet 紧张
托福听力：高频俚语整理
1. born with a silver spoon in your mouth 生于富贵之家，生来享受富贵
2. by hook or by crook 不择手段，无论如何
3. burn one's bridges 破釜沉舟，自断后路
4. Beauty is in the eyes of the beholder 情人眼里出西施
5. bite the hand that feeds you 忘恩负义
6. eat like a horse 吃得很多
7. go to pieces 破碎，沮丧，心碎
8. go Dutch 各付各的钱
9. get the axe: 被解雇，被开除
10. go in one ear and out the other 听了并不照办，左耳朵进右耳朵出
11. get carried away 得意忘形，失去理智
12. give somebody a ring 给某人打电话
13. give somebody a hand 帮助某人
14. have your cake and eat it 鱼与熊掌兼得
15. hold your horses 放慢，等一等
16. high and dry 让某人陷入困境
17. hit the hay 去睡觉
18. be hot and bothered 焦虑，不安
19. have one's hands full 很忙
20. have cold feet 紧张
篇7：3个技巧 让托福口语得高分
3个技巧 让托福口语得高分
第一，保持逻辑思维的敏锐。
西方人在口语表达时会事先在头脑中形成类似于写作一样的大致的逻辑框架，对开头(提出论点)，中间(发展论点)，结尾(总结或辨析)进行规划。所以学生只要应用了逻辑的开头，以此来陈述立场，进而发展论点，就会让考官形成思想认同，觉得你这个人逻辑思维到位，从而取得高分。而很多中国考生过于“含蓄”，回答问题毫无计划性。以这种思维方式来与西方人进行沟通，不仅影响双方理解，时间(通常是45秒-1分钟)也不允许。
第二，注意语音和语法。
很多中国考生理解为说得快就是英语流利的体现，结果发音含混不清，很多考官重点考察的发音不到位，而在词语运用上过于简单，信息含量低，影响考官打高分。因此，考生在陈述过程中要有丰富的抑扬顿挫的语调。对于语句重音、语调方式及停顿等，要掌握得自然飘逸。并注意口语的修辞化，对一些修辞能恰到好处地进行引用。
第三，掌握好答题时间。
平时考生在准备口试的时候，应该强迫自己对于某个话题在最短的时间内形成一个清晰、有逻辑性的观点以及证明过程，并试图先用中文表达出来，以后再慢慢地过渡到英语上面去。多次反复的练习，可以帮助你在考场上，灵活运用。
以上就是新托福口语获得高分的三条建议，大家可以作为参考。希望这些对大家有帮助，托福口语的重点在于不断的练习，熟能生巧，大家加油吧!
托福口语第一题的3种答题方法详解
”好的开始是成功的一半“，这句话用在托福口语考试上再合适不过，托福口语虽然是机考，但是给考生造成的紧张程度毫不亚于直接面对考官的雅思口语考试，由此可见托福口语第一题如果能有好的开头，那将为接下里的答题取得轻松的气氛，也为托福口语的高分，增加分量。下面小编给大家介绍托福口语第一题的3种答题方法，一起来看看吧。
1. 万能方法：答案中只讲benefits，并列明一二三点
Describe the characteristics of a goodteacher. Please state with specific examples and details.
A good teacher should have the following personalities. First of all,a good teacher makes herself available to all students and she knows whichstudent needs extra assistance. Furthermore, a good teacher is an effective communicator, whoknows when she needs to change her communicating techniques to be sure studentscan grasp her ideas. What’smore, she would show her great ability when her students are **mistakes, she would let them know why they are wrong and how they are going todo to correct them, rather than simply punish them. For most students, a goodteacher is also a helper who can lift them to new heights. This must be aphilosophy of every good teacher.
2. 固定模式：基本信息+主体信息 +引申信息
问题1：Describea book that you believe is the most useful to you. Please explain the reasonand include specific examples and details in your explanation.
问题2：Whatdo you do in your spare time? Please include specific details in your statement.(下面的答案可以适用于以上两个题目)
When I have time, I read books. My favorite book is the Old Man and the Sea which is writtenby Ernest Hemingway, one of the greatest American writers. The book toldus a story about an old man called Diego who did fishing in Cuba. Though hecame across lots of difficulties on the sea and came back without a singlefish, he was optimistic and still held the hope. Diego is like a mirror which reflects what Hemingwaywanted to tell all of us: Never give up and the final success will come rightafter the last try. I’ve stuck on that wisdom all the time ever since I readthis book for that story makes me believe there is no stronger thing ever thana strong human belief.
3. 故事性描述，要讲清5个w和1个h，难点在于逻辑感要强，尤其是时间上的顺序
Describe a celebration or moment which hasmade a deep impression on you. Please explain the impression and includespecific examples and details in you explanation.
In my country, the mostimpressive/memorable/popular/favorite/social celebration is Spring Festival,which is also called Chinese Lunar New Year.
On Spring Festival Eve, we Chinesepeople usually do a thorough cleaning for their houses to clean up all theill-fortunes and make the way for the incoming good luck. In the evening, familymembers get together coming back from everywhere, make Jiaozi, sit around thetable, toast to one another and wish everybody good luck and health. After the feast,usually in the midnight, children will gather around to play fireworks to lightup the sky. The nextmorning, people will greet their relatives and friends face to face.
Spring Festival means the wholeworld to Chinese people and we all consider it a chance for family members toreunion and gather best wishes for the coming year.
以上就是为大家总结的托福口语第一题的3种答题方法详解，希望能帮助大家备考。
篇8：托福口语高分句式词汇使用技巧指点
1.使用同义词
在备考托福口语考试的时候，考生一定要注意积累一些在口语考试中经常出现的高频词汇的同义词。当遇到一些比较简单的句子的时候，考生就可以使用同义词替换的方式将原句改写。比如如果在口语考试的原文中出现了important，考生就可以用它的同义词essential， crucial， vital， significant等等将原句进行改写。
2.改变词性
在托福口语考试中，如果考生发现自己需要改写的句子中的词汇比较复杂，找不到可以改写的同义词，考生就可以通过改变单词词性的方式将它们进行改写。比如comparison动词 compare的名词形式，所以如果原句中出现了When we look at a comparison between A and B…的结构，考生就可以将它们改写为When we compare A and B…
3. 使用不同的承接词
承接词在托福口语考试中经常出现，如果说托福口语是一颗大树，那么承接词就是其中的枝干。承接词不仅是段落和段落的连接的途径，也是句子和句子之间进行连接的桥梁，而且表示某种关系的承接词往往不止一种，比如考生经常使用的表示因为的承接词because of就可以用due to， owing to， because， as， since， for等等替换，而经常用来表示转折的词but就可以用however， nevertheless， nonetheless， whereas等词汇进行改写。销量那么高，几百上千斤的，那茶是一样的吗?
4. 形容词的逆向表达
形容词的逆向表达也是在托福口语考试中进行改写的一种技巧。因为A比B的优点往往就是B和A相比的缺点;A和B相比是最便宜的，其实也就是A和B相比，是最不贵的。所以基于这种逻辑关系，考生就可以用形容词的逆向表达进行改写。比如not as easy as…可以改为more difficult than…;而The cheapest 就可以用 the least expensive来代替。
篇9：托福口语高分句式词汇使用技巧指点
1. 改变词序
这是在托福口语考试中常用的改写的方式，在实际答题的时候，考生可以直接把句子中的状语和从句换一下位置将原句进行改写。比如For many years， people have believed ….就可以改写为People believed… for many years.
2. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换
被动语态和主动语态从逻辑上来说是相对的，比如A把B打了，其实也就是B被A打了。通过这种巧妙的逻辑上的替换，也可以实现改写。比如： Trained scientists performed this research.就可以改写为This research was performed by trained scientists.
掌握以上替换技巧，大家在学习托福口语的高分范例时就能更好地把其中的词句精髓转化为自己的东西，在口语中取得更为理想的成绩了。
托福考试口语范文练习题及答案 .
Which one of the following to invitation will you go to, a family dinner party or a friends party?
If the following two things overlap with each other, which would you prefer: dinner together with your family or attend your friends’ party on the weekend?
托福口语范文一:
Personally, I would say I will definitely go to a family dinner. First off, having dinner with families can help me to connect more with my families. Parents are the very first teachers in our psychological development, and they, together with other family members shape our early behaviors, values and even habits. So, I should keep families company. Additionally, as an adult, I am so overwhelmed with my schoolwork, like, assignments, presentations, and group projects. Seldom do I have time to interact with my families, thus I will never let go any chance to get more connected with families since they are such a big part of our lives.
托福口语范文二:
Sample answer
I would prefer to go back home to spend time with my family in a dinner party.
I was working in a strange city far away from home and rarely get a chance to be with my brothers and sisters. I sometimes felt a little bit homesick. Hence that I want to go back to meet up with my family.
While meeting up with friends is not quite an exciting thing to do. Coz we gather together occasionally. Especially when we now have our own work field and group, we pretty much have little common interests.
So I would choose to go back home.
托福口语范文三:
Task 2参考答案:
Well, I would choose to dinner together with my family, if the two things meet at the same time.
For me, family gathering is always the most important occasion on earth. I have been busy working all the time in weekdays, so during the weekend, a nice dinner with family is what I desire the most, when we exchange information and greetings, share good food and enjoy the quality family time.
Although friends are of great importance to me as well, I can explain the situation to them, plus, we have plenty of other chances to party together; I think they will definitely show their support and understanding.
托福考试口语范文练习题及答案
Your friend is going to do a part time job. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of doing a part time job.
1.Do you agree or disagree that one of your friends is planning to work part-time while studying on campus?
托福口语范文一:
Well， there are numerous benefits to hold a part time job. Students can get valuable working experience and real world exposure, thus they can write this on their resume, and employers value this experience, consequently, it gives students a better shot to find a job in the future. However, there are some drags, it will cost students too much time and they will be too stressed out. You know, students have already been overwhelmed with a lot of assignment, like presentations, group project and sometimes they have to stay up late to cram for exams, and getting a part time job only makes them stressed out.
托福口语范文二:
Sample answer
I personally would agree with his or her action. There are several reasons.
To start with, working part-time will not only get you bills but also precious experience if you choose a right job to do. For example, I have a part-time job in my college working in a wood factory and I happened to major in business. During the work, I actually make sense of the currency flow by the theories I learnt back on campus while at the same time I could earn the money that is fairly enough for my food cost and supplement for working out.
So as a result, I would definitely support with him or her to work part-time.
托福口语范文三:
Task 1参考答案:
Well I think doing part-time jobs has the following advantages: first, it helps us to enlarge social circle, accumulate social experience and strike a balance between study and work, thus enhance our time management and multi-tasking skills;
second, it helps us to become financially independent and be able to share financial burden of our parents. As for its disadvantages, I think safety concerns, and time or energy investment should be taken into consideration.
T2: If the following two things overlap with each other, which would you prefer: dinner together with your family or attend your friends’ party on the weekend?
托福口语真题回忆
Task 1
Your friend has just moved to a new city and is nervous about making new friends. What advice would you give your friend?
Task 2
You have been very busy and unable to prepare for the exam tomorrow. You can either stay up late to study and sleep less or just study less and get full night’s sleep. Which will you choose?
Task 3
阅读
标题：Dormitory Study Rooms
好处：
原因1：Lounges for entertaining aren’t suitable for studying because it is very noisy there for the students who want to read.
原因2：Equipping the study room with computers and printers would be better and convenient to student.
听力
态度：同意
原因一： 如果在个人宿舍，室友会看电视聊天会很吵。如果有专门的study room就可以看书什么的。
原因二：不是所有学生都有电脑和打印机。如果他们需要用的话就要去student center，但有时他们会很晚student center都关门了。所以如果宿舍楼有电脑和打印机的话会特别方便。
Task 4
阅读
标题： Rational Ignorance
定义：When people decide to buy something less important, they are not willing to take time and energy to consider carefully because they think it is not worthy.
听力
例子：The professor uses his own example to illustrate this. When he bought his car, he used to spend a lot of time doing research. But when he bought batteries, even there are five brands and they are different in some ways, he didn’t read the descriptions or ask sales questions. He just picked up the first one he saw and paid.
Task 5
问题：The woman’s friend is going to give a speech on graduation ceremony and is nervous about it. So she wants the woman to attend the ceremony so she will feel more confident. But woman will finish her exams one week earlier that that and she already bought flight ticket.
解决方案1：She can reschedule the flight.
优点1：She can attend her friend’s graduation ceremony.
缺点1：She needs to pay extra 75 dollars and many other expenses.
解决方案2：She can help her friend prepare the speech before she goes.
优点2：She can go home as planned. Preparing in advance will help her friend avoid to be nervous on the ceremony.
缺点2：Her friend will be disappointed because her friend really wants her to attend the graduation ceremony.
Task 6
话题：Plants avoid sunlight
要点1：other objects
例子1：When vines seek for trees or building, they grow in dark shadow until they surpass the top of the tree or building.
要点2：moisture
例子2：Bean plants will turn their leaves side up, exposing the thin edge to the intense sunlight to avoid losing too much water in the middle of the day.
应对托福口语考试冲刺高分3个细节技巧指点（共9篇）
